• In enzymology, an aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase (EC 1.2.7.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction an aldehyde + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin ⇌ an acid + 2 H+ + 2 reduced ferredoxin This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aldehyde Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase is a member of an AOR family, which includes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (GAPOR) and Formaldehyde Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main substrates for aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase are acetaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, and isovalerdehyde, which is a metabolic product from common amino acids and glucose. (wikipedia.org)
  • thus, they utilize aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase to metabolize the amino acid carbon source. (wikipedia.org)
  • The structure of a tungstoenzyme aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase is known (Protein Data Bank code 1AOR). (webelements.com)
  • The key ingredient that made it all possible was the discovery of an enzyme called aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) in a recently-discovered bacterium called Aromaticum aromatoleum , which is able to break down petroleum. (singularityhub.com)
  • Deficient activity of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase component of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase in cultured fibroblasts. (jci.org)
  • To determine which enzymatic component of FAO was deficient in SLS, we assayed fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) and fatty alcohol dehydrogenase in cultured fibroblasts from seven unrelated SLS patients. (jci.org)
  • [ 3 ] Subsequent studies identified a defect in fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH), a component of the fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase enzyme complex. (medscape.com)
  • The defect in fatty alcohol oxidation in SLS is caused by the deficiency of microsomal fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH, EC 1.2.1.48), a component of the fatty alcohol:NAD + oxidoreductase enzyme complex ( 6 , 7 ). (ajnr.org)
  • For example, alcohol dehydrogenase converts primary alcohols to aldehydes. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Sjogren-Larsson syndrome is caused by mutations in the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. (medscape.com)
  • Rizzo WB, Carney G. Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: diversity of mutations and polymorphisms in the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH3A2). (medscape.com)
  • Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: molecular genetics and biochemical pathogenesis of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Involvement of microsomal fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase in the alpha-oxidation of phytanic acid. (medscape.com)
  • Identification of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase in the breakdown of phytol to phytanic acid. (medscape.com)
  • Microsomal fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of aliphatic aldehyde derived from ether glycerolipid catabolism: implications for Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • A subfamily of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of enzymes involved in the synthesis of acetate from ethanol. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results show that the primary enzymatic defect in SLS is the FALDH component of the FAO complex, which leads to deficient oxidation of fatty aldehyde derived from fatty alcohol. (jci.org)
  • The genetic defect in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome results in deficient activity of FALDH, which catalyzes the oxidation of fatty aldehyde to fatty acid. (medscape.com)
  • The archaeons Pyrococcus ES-4 strain and Thermococcus ES-1 strain differ by their substrate specificity: AFOs show a broader size range of its aldehyde substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • AOR has been proposed to be the primary enzyme responsible for oxidising the aldehydes that are produced by the 2-keto acid oxidoreductases. (wikipedia.org)
  • FAO is a complex enzyme which consists of two separate proteins that sequentially catalyze the oxidation of fatty alcohol to fatty aldehyde and fatty acid. (jci.org)
  • This enzyme is able to take the electrons from an electrode and bind up their energy in an aldehyde bond that is added to a precursor chemical called propionate. (singularityhub.com)
  • [ 8 ] FALDH is a component of the fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase enzyme complex that catalyzes the sequential oxidation of fatty alcohol to aldehyde and fatty acid. (medscape.com)
  • Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an inherited disorder associated with impaired fatty alcohol oxidation due to deficient activity of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase (FAO). (jci.org)
  • Two decades later, Sjögren-Larsson syndrome was shown to be an inborn error of lipid metabolism caused by deficient activity of fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase. (medscape.com)
  • The definitive test for Sjögren-Larsson syndrome is measurement of FALDH or fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase in cultured skin fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome have deficient activity of FALDH and fatty alcohol:NAD oxidoreductase, which results in defective metabolism of both fatty aldehyde and fatty alcohol. (medscape.com)
  • Fatty alcohol and aldehyde may likewise alter the normal integrity of myelin membranes in the brain, leading to white-matter disease and spasticity. (medscape.com)
  • Impaired fatty alcohol oxidation in cultured fibroblasts due to deficient fatty alcohol:nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidoreductase activity. (medscape.com)
  • B1t R2â2ç2 MCD Comamonas testosteroni 63u R2â2ç2 MCD isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase Pseudomonas diminutav Râ MCD quinoline-4-carboxylate-2-oxidoreductase Agrobacterium sp. (slideserve.com)
  • The extent of FALDH deficiency in SLS cells depended on the aliphatic aldehyde used as substrate, ranging from 62% of mean normal activity using propionaldehyde as substrate to 8% of mean normal activity with octadecanal. (jci.org)
  • A number of enzymes (oxidoreductases) employ tungsten in a way related to molybdenum, (using tungsten.pterin complex). (webelements.com)
  • Human aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases that convert aldehydes and ketones to primary and secondary alcohols for subsequent conjugation reactions and can be referred to as 'phase 1' enzymes. (nih.gov)
  • [ 16 ] Schiff-base aldehyde adducts with other amino-containing molecules, including key membrane enzymes and proteins, may also be detrimental to their function. (medscape.com)
  • FALDH catalyzes the oxidation of medium- and long-chain fatty aldehydes, derived from fatty alcohols or not, to the corresponding carboxylic acids ( Fig 1 ). (ajnr.org)
  • FALDH catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain fatty aldehydes (here, octadecanal) to the corresponding carboxylic acid. (ajnr.org)
  • [ 8 ] FALDH is involved in the oxidation of fatty aldehydes produced by catabolism of ether glycerolipids (plasmalogens), which are prominent phospholipids in myelin. (medscape.com)
  • Its primary role is to oxidize aldehyde coming derived from the metabolism of amino acids and glucoses. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, other proposals include its role in oxidation of amino acid metabolism aldehyde side products coming from de-aminated 2-ketoacids. (wikipedia.org)
  • and hydroxycarboxylate viologen oxidoreductase from Proteus vulgaris, the sole member of the AOR family containing molybdenum. (wikipedia.org)
  • The accumulation of fatty alcohols, the modification of macromolecules by fatty aldehydes, and the presence of high concentrations of biologically active lipids have been postulated as the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms that give rise to the clinical features ( 6 - 13 ). (ajnr.org)
  • Accumulation of fatty aldehydes, which are highly reactive molecules, can form covalent Schiff-base derivatives with phosphatidylethanolamine, which may influence myelin membrane properties and alter the function of membrane-bound proteins. (medscape.com)
  • Exogenous agents are also impli- aldehyde) to form various pro-mu- tion, resisting cell death, enabling cated in the generation of reactive tagenic exocyclic adduct s (Bartsch replicative immortality, inducing oxygen. (who.int)
  • 1. Nitrate reductase activity of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) as a redox sensor for cardiovascular oxidative stress. (nih.gov)
  • NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit E [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • 10. Increased superoxide production in nitrate tolerance is associated with NAD(P)H oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 downregulation. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase activity: a comparison of pentaerythritol tetranitrate with other organic nitrates. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Monitoring white blood cell mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase activity: implications for nitrate therapy in humans. (nih.gov)
  • Rodríguez-Zavala, JS, Allali-Hassani, A and Weiner, H (2006) Characterization of E. coli tetrameric aldehyde dehydrogenases with atypical properties compared to other aldehyde dehydrogenases. (ecoliwiki.org)
  • Oxidoreductase is also known as donor dehydrogenases. (vedantu.com)
  • Impaired fatty alcohol oxidation in cultured fibroblasts due to deficient fatty alcohol:nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidoreductase activity. (medscape.com)
  • The genetic defect in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome results in deficient activity of FALDH, which catalyzes the oxidation of fatty aldehyde to fatty acid. (medscape.com)
  • [ 9 ] FALDH is involved in the oxidation of fatty aldehydes produced by catabolism of ether glycerolipids (plasmalogens), which are prominent phospholipids in myelin. (medscape.com)
  • Schenkels, P. and Duine, J.A. Nicotinoprotein (NADH-containing) alcohol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 1069: an efficient catalyst for coenzyme-independent oxidation of a broad spectrum of alcohols and the interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Using both of these substrates it was demonstrated that cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from lignifying Forsythia tissue specifically removes the pro-R-hydrogen atom of coniferyl alcohol in the oxidation to the aldehyde. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Aldehyde oxidase is another important molybdenum-containing oxidoreductase that is involved in the oxidation of carbohydrates. (naturalmedicus.com)
  • In stage I of drug digestion, oxidoreductase compounds, for example, cytochrome P450 oxidases add polar or receptive gatherings into drugs. (vedantu.com)
  • Mass spectral analysis of purified phosphorylated proteins revealed that more than 100 mitochondrial proteins including aldehyde dehydrogenase, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase were phosphorylated in CCl4-exposed mice. (nih.gov)
  • NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, chain E [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Deficient activity of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase component of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase in cultured fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
  • Fatty alcohol and aldehyde may likewise alter the normal integrity of myelin membranes in the brain, leading to white-matter disease and spasticity. (medscape.com)
  • Van Ophem, P.W., Van Beeumen, J. and Duine, J.A. Nicotinoprotein [NAD(P)-containing] alcohol/aldehyde oxidoreductases. (enzyme-database.org)
  • 2000a) and is then converted to other GLVs such as ( E )-2-hexenal (leaf aldehyde), ( Z )-3-hexenol (leaf alcohol) and ( Z )-3-hexenyl acetate (leaf ester) (Shiojiri et al. (ac.be)
  • and hydroxycarboxylate viologen oxidoreductase from Proteus vulgaris, the sole member of the AOR family containing molybdenum. (wikipedia.org)
  • NMR spectroscopy studies using (13)C-labeled benzaldehyde confirmed that DgAOR catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes to the respective carboxylic acids. (rcsb.org)
  • The archaeons Pyrococcus ES-4 strain and Thermococcus ES-1 strain differ by their substrate specificity: AFOs show a broader size range of its aldehyde substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • AN - infection: coord IM with ACTINOBACILLUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2004 MH - Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase UI - D042964 MN - D8.811.682.675.150.100 MN - D12.776.331.99 MS - A flavoprotein oxidoreductase that has specificity for medium-chain fatty acids. (nih.gov)
  • use ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE (NM) 1980-2003 MH - Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain UI - D044942 MN - D8.811.682.675.150.150 MN - D12.776.331.700 MS - A flavoprotein oxidoreductase that has specificity for long-chain fatty acids. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Role of reduced lipoic acid in the redox regulation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) activity. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Increased activity of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in the putamen of individuals with Alzheimer's disease: a human postmortem study. (nih.gov)
  • 9. Oxidative inhibition of the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase promotes nitroglycerin tolerance in human blood vessels. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2)--maker of and marker for nitrate tolerance in response to nitroglycerin treatment. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Regulation of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) activity by electrophiles in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in nitrate tolerance. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Nitrate tolerance as a model of vascular dysfunction: roles for mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase and mitochondrial oxidative stress. (nih.gov)
  • This also means that in the reverse reaction the A-hydrogen of NADPH is transferred to the Re-site of coniferyl aldehyde. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Oxidoreductase is a chemical that catalyzes the exchange of electrons from one atom, the reductant, which is also known as electron donor, to another, the oxidant that is called the electron acceptor. (vedantu.com)
  • Encodes a unique electron-transfer flavoprotein:ubiquinone oxidoreductase that is localized to the mitochondrion. (or.jp)
  • The kinetic studies reported in this work showed that DgAOR catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of aromatic aldehydes, but not heterocyclic compounds. (rcsb.org)
  • Transmembrane oxidoreductases make electron transport chains in microscopic organisms, chloroplasts, and mitochondria, including the respiratory complexes that are I, II, and III. (vedantu.com)
  • Identification and characterization of Thermoplasma acidophilum glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase: a new class of NADP+-specific aldehyde dehydrogenase. (genome.jp)
  • There are various metabolic pathways like glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, drug change and detoxification in the liver, photosynthesis in the chloroplast of plants, and many more that require oxidoreductase proteins. (vedantu.com)
  • Accumulation of fatty aldehydes, which are highly reactive molecules, can form covalent Schiff-base derivatives with phosphatidylethanolamine, which may influence myelin membrane properties and alter the function of membrane-bound proteins. (medscape.com)
  • Oxidoreductase meaning is that they are a gathering of proteins that are associated with redox response in living creatures and in the research facility. (vedantu.com)
  • For instance, the action of oxidoreductase proteins in the Krebs cycle is fundamentally expanded during skin contamination. (vedantu.com)
  • Oxidizes all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to the corresponding aldehydes. (nih.gov)
  • Steady-state kinetics in solution showed that high concentrations of the aromatic aldehydes produce substrate inhibition and in the case of 3-phenyl propionaldehyde a suicide substrate behavior. (rcsb.org)
  • Oxidoreductase chemicals catalyze response including oxygen addition, hydride move, proton extraction, and other fundamental advances. (vedantu.com)
  • The assurance of the movement of the oxidoreductases is useful in understanding the metabolic action of various organs. (vedantu.com)
  • A broad category of oxidoreductases that either reduce double bonds or oxidize single bonds between OXYGEN and CARBON in organic compounds. (bvsalud.org)
  • Oxidoreductase with a preference for NAD. (nih.gov)
  • The family members act on aldehyde substrates and use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) as a cofactor. (nih.gov)
  • It is my pleasure to announce that our paper on the structure of Aldehyde oxidoreductase (AOR) from Aromatoleum aromaticum has been. (mlbke.com)
  • Hydroxyl-substituted aromatic aldehydes present none of these behaviors but the kinetic parameters are largely affected by the position of the OH group. (rcsb.org)
  • The different reactivity of DgAOR versus aldehyde oxidase and XO towards aromatic aldehydes and N-heterocyclic compounds is explained on the basis of the present kinetic and structural data. (rcsb.org)