• Doctors can perform an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) to diagnose diseases. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • In an ERCP, they can inject contrast dye to help image your bile ducts during an x-ray. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • ERCP, in addition to helping with diagnosis, can help treat disease. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • Doctors can pass tools through the endoscope during an ERCP and open blocked ducts, remove or break up gallstones, insert stents, and even remove tumors. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • ERCP - an endoscopic technique used to look at the bile duct to see if it is blocked and inflamed. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • When I had the ERCP, a stent was put in one of the ducts. (cancer.org)
  • Multicenter comparative evaluation of endoscopic placement of expandable metal stents for malignant distal common bile duct obstruction by ERCP or EUS-guided approach. (medscape.com)
  • After validation in cell line-derived EVs, we applied the technology to human bile samples collected through an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure. (massgeneral.org)
  • The molecular analysis of a bile sample could further improve the diagnostic accuracy of the current gold standard pathology diagnosis through ERCP. (massgeneral.org)
  • 1.3.3 If the bile duct cannot be cleared with ERCP, use biliary stenting to achieve biliary drainage only as a temporary measure until definitive endoscopic or surgical clearance. (nice.org.uk)
  • This effect was restricted to patients with severe disease, as defined by development of dominant stenosis (DS) requiring endoscopic intervention. (nih.gov)
  • There is a wide range of patients I treat, from patients with simple bile duct stones to patients with pancreatic cancer requiring endoscopic procedures to relief symptoms such as pain and yellowing of the skin. (dukehealth.org)
  • Mycobacterial diseases, sarcoidosis, fungal diseases, and pneumoconiosis are all possible etiologies for such radiologic findings.The CT scan of the abdomen (Figures 4 and 5) showed marked hepatomegaly, with no evidence of extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct dilation. (medscape.com)
  • Intrahepatic bile duct atresia (Alagille syndrome) (ALGS2 MIM:610205 and ALGS1 MIM:118450) Extrahepatic bile duct atresia Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Congential hepatic fibrosis Caroli's disease Von Meyenburg complex Trisomy 17, 18 and 21 Cystic fibrosis Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency Trihydroxycoprostanic acidemia Byler's disease Bile duct injury and loss can result from autoimmune destruction. (wikipedia.org)
  • As proof of principle, we applied DUCT to a mouse model for Alagille syndrome ( Jag1 Ndr/Ndr mice), characterized by intrahepatic bile duct paucity, that can spontaneously generate a biliary system in adulthood. (elifesciences.org)
  • The cancer has a 5-year relative survival rate of 25% for localized intrahepatic bile duct cancers and just. (ascopost.com)
  • Still, these tests can sometimes be useful after a person is diagnosed with bile duct cancer. (cancer.org)
  • I was diagnosed with bile duct cancer in July 2009. (cancer.org)
  • If you are diagnosed with bile duct cancer, your doctor may check for these tumour markers: CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and CA 19-9 (carbohydrate antigen 19-9). (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • I see patients mostly for gallbladder disease, appendicitis, bowel obstruction, hernias and colon disease. (healthtap.com)
  • Gastrointestinal (GI) stents are designed for palliative therapy for various diseases causing obstruction in the GI tract. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • The addition of nimotuzumab, an EGFR-targeting monoclonal antibody, to gemcitabine increased overall survival in patients with KRAS wild-type advanced pancreatic cancer, particularly those who did not need surgery for obstruction of a pancreatic bile duct, according to data from the phase III. (ascopost.com)
  • If attacks start to make everyday life difficult, and the patient starts to show jaundice, their gallstone disease has become more serious. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • 1 2 Clinical symptoms of Caroli's disease include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, jaundice, and recurrent cholangitis. (e-cmh.org)
  • Physical examination revealed only hepatomegaly, without stigmata of chronic liver disease or jaundice. (medscape.com)
  • Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), cancer that forms in the bile ducts, is a fatal disease that is often detected after it has spread too far to be surgically removed. (massgeneral.org)
  • We wanted to see if molecular analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in human bile samples could accurately detect patients with cholangiocarcinoma from patients with other benign or inflammatory conditions. (massgeneral.org)
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a cholestatic liver disease that affects the bile ducts, which can have severe consequences including cirrhosis and cholangiocarcinoma. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Bile duct adenocarcinoma is also called cholangiocarcinoma. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Perhaps even more so when the type of cancer is rare, like bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma. (allsup.com)
  • Most bile duct cancers aren't found until a person goes to a doctor because they have symptoms. (cancer.org)
  • Also, not all bile duct cancers make these tumor markers, so low or normal levels don't always mean cancer is not present. (cancer.org)
  • Growth of this market can be attributed to the rising prevalence of GI cancers and other digestive diseases, changing lifestyles, increasing healthcare expenditure on gastrointestinal procedures, and an increasing preference for minimally invasive surgeries. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • Over 90% (90 out of 100) of bile duct cancers are adenocarcinomas. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • These cancers begin in the mucus glands lining the inside of the bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Other bile duct cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma and sarcoma. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Only about 10% (10 out of 100) bile duct cancers are intrahepatic. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • The majority of patients with bile duct cancers are diagnosed when the cancer is far too advanced to be removed by surgery. (allsup.com)
  • I am currently specializing in pancreaticobiliary disease, which is a subspecialty within gastroenterology that focuses on diseases of the pancreas and bile ducts. (dukehealth.org)
  • Physicians and surgeons are dedicated to treat diseases of the liver, pancreas and bile ducts with high quality standards. (vejthani.com)
  • Caroli's disease belongs to a group of hepatic fibropolycystic diseases. (e-cmh.org)
  • Two types have been described: a pure form or Caroli's disease (type 1) and a complex form associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis or Caroli's syndrome (type 2). (e-cmh.org)
  • Vanishing bile duct syndrome is a loose collection of diseases which leads to the injury to hepatic bile ducts and eventual ductopenia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The intrahepatic bile ducts develop out of sheets of primitive hepatic epithelial cells in a pattern determined by the branching of the portal vein and surrounding mesenchyme. (bmj.com)
  • Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is an autosomal recessive disease that primarily affects the hepatobiliary and renal systems. (medscape.com)
  • It is characterized by hepatic fibrosis, portal hypertension, and renal cystic disease. (medscape.com)
  • Congenital hepatic fibrosis is one of the fibropolycystic diseases, which also include Caroli disease , autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). (medscape.com)
  • Congenital hepatic fibrosis is associated with an impairment of renal functions, usually caused by an ARPKD, which is a severe form of polycystic kidney disease . (medscape.com)
  • Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a ductal plate malformation of the small interlobular bile ducts, whereas Caroli disease involves the large intrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)
  • The hepatic disease progresses to develop portal hypertension associated with splenomegaly and esophageal varices. (medscape.com)
  • Perihilar - Cancer starts in the hepatic duct where the bile ducts join just outside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • The tumour has spread into the portal vein on both sides of the liver, the common hepatic artery, or other bile ducts on one side of the liver and a main blood vessel on the other side of the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • If levels of these substances are higher, it might point to blockage of the bile duct, but they can't show if it's due to cancer or some other reason. (cancer.org)
  • If the blockage is not relieved, the inflammation and swelling in the bile duct can spread to the walls of the gallbladder. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Do not take valsartan if you have liver disease caused by blockage in the bile duct or any other severe liver disease. (mydr.com.au)
  • The dye will show a narrowing or blockage of your bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • How Do You Test for Bile Duct Cancer? (cancer.org)
  • If there's reason to suspect that you might have bile duct cancer, your doctor will want to take your complete medical history to check for risk factors and to learn more about your symptoms. (cancer.org)
  • A physical exam is done to look for signs of bile duct cancer or other health problems. (cancer.org)
  • If bile duct cancer is suspected, the exam will focus mostly on the abdomen (belly) to check for any lumps, tenderness, or build-up of fluid. (cancer.org)
  • If symptoms and/or the results of the physical exam suggest you might have bile duct cancer, tests will be done. (cancer.org)
  • People with bile duct cancer may have high blood levels of the markers called CEA and CA 19-9 . (cancer.org)
  • Cancer can also occur in the bile ducts. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • Bile duct cancer is rare and aggressive. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • One other emerging treatment involves using Radiofrequency Ablation for palliative care to treat the symptoms of bile duct cancer. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • For example, with patients who have bile duct cancer, surgery can help to remove tumors. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • This is chronic cholecystitis , which is a risk factor for gallbladder cancer and bile duct cancer. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Chronic complicated gallstone disease can increase the risk of both bile duct cancer and gallbladder cancer. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Mount Sinai provides personalized care, whatever type of acute or chronic liver disease you may have, including hepatitis B and hepatitis C, liver cancer, or cirrhosis . (mountsinai.org)
  • I have been trying to find an oncologist that has dealt with bile duct cancer but am having a hard time getting a reference. (cancer.org)
  • Also, if any of you know an oncologist in California that specializes in bile duct cancer. (cancer.org)
  • Hi I also have Bile duct cancer that was diagnosed in june 2008 they removed 40% of my liver.They said they got it all but On my last scan it showed 5 little spots they are not sure what it is yet. (cancer.org)
  • One that is more up-to-date about bile duct cancer. (cancer.org)
  • Rates of Pierre S. Health behaviors and quality of life of cancer sur- chronic disease (eg, heart disease, asthma) and disability vivors in Massachusetts, 2006: data use for comprehensive were higher among cancer survivors. (cdc.gov)
  • People who receive livers from domino donors tend to be older adults or adults who have liver disease or liver cancer . (healthline.com)
  • In fact, unlike other forms of cancer, Hodgkins lymphoma is known to be curable even if diagnosed in the later stages of the disease. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
  • On the other hand the Hodgkins lymphoma prognosis also includes possible complications in the form of heart disease, lung problems, infertility or the inability to have children in future, thyroid problems, diseases of the bone marrow as well as other forms of cancer. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
  • In the past few years, there has been a steep rise in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases such as esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastrointestinal-related critical disorders. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • You will find out more about the factors that increase the chance of developing bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • What are the risk factors for bile duct cancer? (cancer.net)
  • The following factors may raise a person's risk of developing bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • Previous disease or irritation of the bile duct are a possible risk factor for this cancer. (cancer.net)
  • Older adults are more likely to develop bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • Dioxins, nitrosamines, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may cause bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • Are there ways to prevent bile duct cancer? (cancer.net)
  • Researchers continue to look into what factors cause bile duct cancer, including ways to prevent it. (cancer.net)
  • Although there is no proven way to completely prevent bile duct cancer, you may be able to lower your risk. (cancer.net)
  • Thorium dioxide, a chemical once used in x-ray examinations, is associated with a high risk of developing bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • However, other hazardous chemicals are still available or found in the environment that can increase the risk of developing bile duct cancer. (cancer.net)
  • It explains what changes or medical problems bile duct cancer can cause. (cancer.net)
  • 7. Primary cancer of the Bile ducts. (cdc.gov)
  • The incidence of cancer of the bile duct is the highest among other cancer types in the world. (vejthani.com)
  • What are the signs and symptoms of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • How is bile duct cancer diagnosed? (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): if your doctor thinks you have extrahepatic bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • This test can be used to do a biopsy of bile duct cells, check for bile duct stones or a tumour, and to check if cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • used to check for extrahepatic bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • What are the types of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Extrahepatic - Cancer starts in the bile duct outside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • This is the most common place for bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Intrahepatic - Cancer starts in the bile duct inside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • What are the stages of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • The tumour (cancer growth) is only in the innermost layer of the bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Though the incidence of bile duct cancer is rare in the U.S. with fewer than 50,000 people diagnosed, the need for continued research and funding is great. (allsup.com)
  • Organizations participating in this month-long awareness campaign are committed to helping patients, physicians and caregivers gain the resources and funds to prevent, diagnose and treat bile duct cancer which about 10,000 people in the U.S. develop each year. (allsup.com)
  • Bile duct cancer arises from the cells lining the bile duct. (allsup.com)
  • Allsup experts help people dealing with rare diseases , like gall bladder and bile duct cancer, navigate the complex SSDI program - checking first to see if the condition is listed as a Compassionate Allowance. (allsup.com)
  • Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Hodgkin's lymphoma Chronic graft-versus-host disease Drugs(chlorpromazine)/Toxins Ischemia Treatment is dependent upon the underlying cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mission of PSC Partners Seeking a Cure is to drive research to identify treatments and a cure for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), while providing education and support for those impacted by this rare disease. (guidestar.org)
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare, chronic and progressive bile duct disease that damages the bile ducts inside and outside the liver. (guidestar.org)
  • As a former NCAA All-American Hockey Player, three-time national champion with the University of Minnesota - Duluth, and member of the U.S. Women's National Team, Julianne Vasichek was at the top of her game when she was unexpectedly diagnosed in 2008 with a rare liver disease called Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC). (life-source.org)
  • Objective Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterised by bile duct strictures and progressive liver disease, eventually requiring liver transplantation. (bmj.com)
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a long-term disease that causes swelling, scarring, and narrowing of the bile ducts. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Philips CA, Agarwal M, Rajesh S, Ahamed R, Augustine P. A novel homozygous frameshift variant in the ABCC2-gene in Dubin-Johnson syndrome may predispose to chronic liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • Prolonged cholestasis and ductopenia resembling primary chronic biliary disease can occur. (bmj.com)
  • Withholding statin therapy in patients with chronic liver disease is not recommended. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Statin use in patients with chronic liver disease is not different from its use in patients without baseline liver disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Over 75 percent of PSC patients have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (guidestar.org)
  • Sulfonamides with 5-aminosalicyclic acid are the structural components of sulfasalazine, which is widely used for long term management of inflammatory bowel disease. (nih.gov)
  • PSC affects both children and adults, and 70% to 80% have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (medpagetoday.com)
  • Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) In inflammatory bowel diseases, the intestine (bowel) becomes inflamed, often causing recurring abdominal pain and diarrhea. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The two primary types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are Crohn. (merckmanuals.com)
  • And we say that behavioral disorders are caused by "mental" diseases to distinguish them from "real" diseases-infections, tumors, broken bones, burst blood vessels, polio. (cdc.gov)
  • Sometimes we even believe that people with mental diseases and behavioral disorders suffer more from weakness of spirit and flaws of character than from genuine disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Over the years, several studies have revealed an important link between thyroid disorders and gallstone disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • This association between thyroid hormone disorders and cholesterol gallstone disease is due to the importance of thyroid hormones on cholesterol synthesis, bile functioning and content, and gallbladder motility. (bvsalud.org)
  • Consecutive liver biopsies demonstrated focal lobular inflammation, hepatocyte drop-out, and a progressive loss of the small interlobular bile ducts (ductopenia). (nih.gov)
  • Abdominal CT ( Fig. 1A, B ) performed at the other hospital and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) ( Fig. 1C, D ) performed at our hospital revealed a localized bile duct dilatation measuring 2.0×0.8 cm in liver segment 5 without a demonstrable intraductal mass lesion and underlying steatosis of the liver. (e-cmh.org)
  • Assuming that the lesion of the localized bile duct dilatation in liver segment 5 was due to an IPNB, we decided to perform surgery after consultation with the general surgery department because the possibility of malignancy with IPNB could not be excluded. (e-cmh.org)
  • The changes include the proliferation and dilatation of epithelial ducts in these tissues with abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix. (bmj.com)
  • They include the proliferation and dilatation of epithelial ducts, and proliferative changes in the extracellular matrix of stromal connective tissue. (bmj.com)
  • One of the manifestations that has received intensive study are related to the ductal plate malformation of the liver and comprise proliferation and dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ductules, with a variable degree of fibrosis and cyst formation. (bmj.com)
  • The family of fibropolycystic diseases are characterized by varying degrees of persistent bile duct structures, fibrosis, and duct dilatation. (medscape.com)
  • At the Mount Sinai Health System, our liver specialists or hepatologists have been at the forefront of groundbreaking advances in the detection and treatment of liver diseases for more than half a century. (mountsinai.org)
  • Doctors diagnose bile duct diseases in a few different ways. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • This team was built in order to diagnose and treat the disease even if the disease has just started. (vejthani.com)
  • 1.1.1 Offer liver function tests and ultrasound to people with suspected gallstone disease, and to people with abdominal or gastrointestinal symptoms that have been unresponsive to previous management. (nice.org.uk)
  • A 30-year-old man with no underlying diseases visited our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of a liver mass discovered on abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan at another hospital. (e-cmh.org)
  • Three-dimensional cholangiography applying C-arm computed tomography in bile duct carcinoma: a new radiological technique. (medscape.com)
  • developed a technique called double resin casting micro computed tomography, or DUCT for short. (elifesciences.org)
  • The task is further rendered difficult on biopsy, as drugs can mimic all the patterns found in primary liver disease. (bmj.com)
  • Drug-related injury can mimic all the patterns observed in primary liver disease, and an unequivocal histological diagnosis is not possible in the majority of cases. (bmj.com)
  • Our liver disease specialists evaluate the health and function of your liver, ensuring an expert diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment plan that can help stop and even reverse your liver disease. (mountsinai.org)
  • What is the differential diagnosis of this patient's liver disease, based on medical history, results of physical examination, and liver chemistries? (medscape.com)
  • Stones that are found incidentally, as a result of imaging investigations unrelated to gallstone disease in people who have been completely symptom free for at least 12 months before diagnosis. (nice.org.uk)
  • Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of liver disease. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • The treatment for Hodgkins lymphoma usually commences after this disease has been confirmed through a bone marrow biopsy or even a lymph node biopsy along with some blood chemistry and CT scans of one's abdomen, pelvis and chest. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
  • Liver biopsy should always be done even if an obvious biliary abnormality is the predominant disease process, because underlying histologic liver lesions will guide recommended treatment. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
  • Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. (cdc.gov)
  • Bile duct diseases tend to have some of a group of symptoms . (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • Depending on the disease, these symptoms can be at differing levels of severity and present in varied ways. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • The progression the disease also influences the severity and types of symptoms. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • Uncomplicated gallstone disease produces only infrequent symptoms. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Although she had been experiencing unexplained symptoms for some time, including fatigue, itching and abdominal pain, she never imagined the cause was a rare and debilitating disease. (life-source.org)
  • Sadly, many patients come to consult with the doctor when the symptoms cannot be treated or prevented, then the result of less effectively treating the disease. (vejthani.com)
  • Consultation with an expert gastroenterologist with experience in surgery for gallstone disease. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Dr. Robert Winchell specializes in Surgery, with a special focus on Trauma/Critical Care, Burn Care and Gallbladder & Bile Duct Disease. (castleconnolly.com)
  • Our bariatric surgery may also be an option for reducing the health risks of weight-related conditions like Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease, stroke and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. (westhillshospital.com)
  • PSC is also associated with other autoimmune diseases. (guidestar.org)
  • Furthermore, some researchers have suggested that toxic overload may contribute to autoimmune diseases including inflammatory and rheumatoid arthritis, 6,7 and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
  • Autoimmune Diseases The immune system is your body's defense system. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The earliest sign that the bile duct has become blocked is a severe attack of biliary colic. (charlesimber.co.uk)
  • Caroli's disease is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder caused by malformation of the ductal plate during embryonic development. (e-cmh.org)
  • In this review, we examine the clinical features and differential diagnoses of this group of syndromes, including autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), juvenile nephronophthisis (NPHP), Meckel-Gruber syndrome (MKS), Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), and Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (JATD). (bmj.com)
  • Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Gastroenterologists focus on the treatment of diseases of the digestive system, this includes a range of organs starting at the mouth and ending at the rectum. (westhillshospital.com)
  • Biodegradable stents are made of biodegradable materials such as polyesters, polycarbonates, bacterial-derived polymers, and corrodible metals and are mostly used in coronary artery disease. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • [ 1 ] Table 1 details the major diseases in each of these 3 categories of cholestatic liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • 6. Lymphomas (other than Hodgkin's disease). (cdc.gov)
  • Doctors can also help drain bile during an EUS by inserting a stent to help drain into the small intestine or stomach. (gastrohealthpartners.com)
  • It is characterized by multifocal congenital dilatations of the intrahepatic bile ducts, which may be diffuse or limited, presenting in a sack form that produces cystic structures, which communicate with the biliary tree. (e-cmh.org)
  • Build‑up of pus in the gallbladder, as a result of a blocked cystic duct. (nice.org.uk)