Histocompatibility antigens class i. Medical search. Frequent questions

These endogenous or self peptides are then transported into the endoplasmic reticulum with a peptide transporter pump called TAP where they encounter and bind to the MHC class I molecule. (wikipedia.org)
During thymic selection occurring in the thymus, only a thymocyte TCR that recognizes either class I or class II MHC molecule plus peptide should survive positive selection. (wikipedia.org)
Three-dimensional structure of a human class II histocompatibility molecule complexed with superantigen. (expasy.org)
We have previously determined the structure of the MHC class I molecule HLA-A1 bound to a melanoma antigen-encoding gene (MAGE)-A1-derived peptide in complex with a recombinant antibody fragment with TCR-like specificity, Fab-Hyb3. (rcsb.org)
This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). (thermofisher.com)

However, there is death by apoptosis of thymocytes that do not interact with MHC molecules or have high-affinity receptors for self MHC plus self antigen a process referred to as negative selection. (wikipedia.org)
Bishop, GA, Warren, WD & Berton, MT 1995, ' Signaling via major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and antigen receptors enhances the B cell response to gp39/CD40 ligand ', European Journal of Immunology , vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1230-1238. (uthscsa.edu)
MHC class II receptors display antigens for recognition by helper T cells (stimulate development of B cell clones) and inflammatory T cells (cause the release of lymphokines that attract other cells to site of infection) ( PUBMED:15120183 ). (embl-heidelberg.de)
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) glycoproteins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that function to present antigen peptide fragments to T cells responsible for cell-mediated immune responses. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (CD3 COMPLEX). (edu.au)

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that signals delivered via the B cell antigen (Ag) receptor (membrane immunoglobulin, mIg) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules enhance B cell responsiveness to CD40‐mediated signals, providing specificity to the Ag‐nonspecific, MHC‐unrestricted CD40 signal. (uthscsa.edu)
Peptide and peptide mimetic inhibitors of antigen presentation by HLA-DR class II MHC molecules. (rcsb.org)
Molecular features of ligand binding to MHC class II HLA-DR molecules have been elucidated through a combination of peptide structure-activity studies and structure-based drug design, resulting in analogues with nanomolar affinity in binding assays. (rcsb.org)
These studies illustrate the complementary roles played by phage display library methods, peptide analogue SAR, peptide mimetics substitutions, and structure-based drug design in the discovery of inhibitors of antigen presentation by MHC class II HLA-DR molecules. (rcsb.org)
MHC class II molecules are comprised of two membrane-spanning chains, alpha and beta, of similar size. (embl-heidelberg.de)
class II molecules present exogenously derived antigenic peptides (~15 amino acids) to helper T cells. (embl-heidelberg.de)
MHC class I and II molecules are assembled and loaded with their peptide ligands via different mechanisms. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Function and regulation of MHC class II molecules in T-lymphocytes: ofmice and men. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Besides antigen presentation, growing evidence is showing thatligation of MHC class II molecules also activates intracellular signalingpathways, frequently leading to apoptosis. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Constitutive expression of MHCclass II molecules is confined to professional antigen-presenting cells(APC) of the immune system, and in nonprofessional APCs MHC class IImolecules can be induced by a variety of immune regulators. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Interestingly,activated T cells from many species, with the exception of mice,synthesize and express MHC class II molecules at their cell surface. (embl-heidelberg.de)
This monoclonal antibody reacts with the beta-chain of HLA-DRB1 antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. (novusbio.com)
Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules, and can capture, process, and present antigens (Ags), direct demonstrations that they function as professional Ag-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo during ongoing immune responses remain lacking. (unige.ch)
MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells. (thermofisher.com)
Before their exposition on the cell surface, the MHC class II molecules react with endocytosed exogenous antigens, which are then presented to the T cells. (thermofisher.com)
Abnormal expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules in the placenta may trigger the initiating immunologic event in this organ, which is followed by cross-reactivity with an antigen present in the skin and the characteristic cutaneous signs of the disease. (medscape.com)
Eosinophils function as antigen presenting cells as they express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. (medscape.com)
The CD8 antigen, acting as a coreceptor, and the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte recognize antigen displayed by an antigen presenting cell (APC) in the context of class I MHC molecules. (wikidoc.org)
Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. (edu.au)

Minor histocompatibility antigen (also known as MiHA) are peptides presented on the cellular surface of donated organs that are known to give an immunological response in some organ transplants. (wikipedia.org)
Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) are diverse, short segments of proteins and are referred to as peptides. (wikipedia.org)
These peptides are normally around 9-12 amino acids in length and are bound to both the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins. (wikipedia.org)
This contrasts with MHC class II molecules's antigens which are peptides derived from phagocytosis/endocytosis and molecular degradation of non-self entities' proteins, usually by antigen-presenting cells. (wikipedia.org)
The Recombinant HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G protein is a α- or alpha protein sometimes glycoprotein present in blood.Antigens are peptides or recombinant or native dependent on the production method. (histoready.com)
Antigens are peptides or recombinant or native dependent on the production method. (histoready.com)
MHC class I proteins display these peptides to the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
The saga of MHC-bound peptides: a renaissance for antigen presentation? (jci.org)
peptides bound to HLA-DR17 from bronchoalveolar lavage cells of sarcoidosis patients were analyzed in order to identify target antigens of the autoimmune response (see the related article beginning on page 3576). (jci.org)
the modulation of epitope immunodominance and the processing and presentation of HIV peptides for MHC class I recognition were shown to be dependent on flanking residues that were N terminal to the natural epitopes (see the related article beginning on page 3563). (jci.org)

First, chloramphenicol treatment allows the selection of bacteria expressing antigen-CAT fusion proteins in frame, which greatly reduces the number of colonies to be screened. (nih.gov)
Third, the uniformly high expression level of antigen-CAT fusion proteins permits the establishment of large and representative pool sizes. (nih.gov)
Using this approach, the BALF4 and BNRF1 proteins were identified as targets of the EBV-specific T-helper-cell response, demonstrating that lytic cycle antigens are a relevant component of the EBV-specific TH-cell response. (nih.gov)
Minor histocompatibility antigens are due to normal proteins that are in themselves polymorphic in a given population. (wikipedia.org)
Even when a transplant donor and recipient are identical with respect to their major histocompatibility complex genes, the amino acid differences in minor proteins can cause the grafted tissue to be slowly rejected. (wikipedia.org)
MHC class I genes provide instructions for making proteins that are present on the surface of almost all cells. (medlineplus.gov)
MHC II proteins present peptide antigens that originate extracellularly from foreign bodies such as bacteria. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Proteins from the pathogen are degraded into peptide fragments within the APC, which sequesters these fragments into the endosome so they can bind to MHC class II proteins, before being transported to the cell surface. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing MHC_II_alpha domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related antigen A (MICA) proteins are like HLA class I gene products. (loinc.org)
GAS M proteins share epitopes (antigenic-determinant sites that are recognized by antibodies) with proteins found in synovium, heart muscle, and heart valve, suggesting that molecular mimicry by GAS antigens from rheumatogenic strains contributes to the arthritis, carditis, and valvular damage. (merckmanuals.com)

HLA-B is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. (medlineplus.gov)
Major histocompatibility complex class III associations have also been observed, as has a high frequency of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies. (medscape.com)
Recent findings: Human leukocyte antigen studies conducted in European workers have defined major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and haplotypes associated with diisocyanate asthma. (cdc.gov)

Although graft or bone marrow rejection can have detrimental effects, there are immunotherapy benefits when cytotoxic T lymphocytes are specific for a self antigen and can target antigens expressed selectively on leukemic cells in order to destroy these tumor cells referred to as graft-versus- leukemia effect (GVL). (wikipedia.org)

2. In the light of current interest in muscle cell transplantation, a transformed myoblast, TE671, phenotypically comparable to untransformed cells, transfected to express class II, was studied as a stable model of antigen presentation by muscle cells. (portlandpress.com)
Antigen processing consists of ingestion and partial digestion of the antigen by the APC, followed by presentation of fragments on the cell surface. (edu.au)

1. Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens have the central role in the immune response of 'presenting' antigenic peptide to CD4 + T-cells. (portlandpress.com)
Although a limited number of immunodominant peptide epitopes are consistently observed in diseases such as HIV-1 infection, the relationship between immunodominance and antigen processing in humans is largely unknown. (jci.org)
The αβ T-cell coreceptor CD4 enhances immune responses more than 1 million-fold in some assays, and yet the affinity of CD4 for its ligand, peptide-major histocompatibility class II (pMHC II) on antigen-presenting cells, is so weak that it was previously unquantifiable. (lu.se)

In humans, the HLA-B gene and two related genes, HLA-A and HLA-C , are the main genes in MHC class I. (medlineplus.gov)
The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. (edu.au)

HLA-DR is a transmembrane human major histocompatibility complex 2 (MHC II) family member and consists of a 34 kDa (alpha) subunit and one of several 28 kDa (beta) subunits. (rndsystems.com)

Dendritic cells (DCs), which are the most important antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that send signals to the T cells, mainly participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases with immunoregulatory mechanisms, such as AR. (frontiersin.org)
This is performed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). (edu.au)

For long term storage, keep the Recombinant human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G protein frozen at -20 or -80 degrees Celsius. (histoready.com)
The Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G protein is shipped on ice packs. (histoready.com)
The HLA-B gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
The localization of the HKE2 gene to the class II region, its cytoplasmic expression and putative protein-binding domain suggest that HKE2 may function in adaptive immunity and cancer. (genscript.com)

Class II MHC glycoproteins are expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC), including macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. (edu.au)

responses to the latter three antigens could not be separated with available congenic recombinant inbred rat strains. (portlandpress.com)

The MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn, is involved in binding and transporting immunoglobulin G (IgG) within and across cells. (nih.gov)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells have been successfully used to treat or prevent EBV-positive lymphoproliferative disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, but the antigens recognized by the infused CD4+ T cells have remained unknown. (nih.gov)
This direct antigen identification method is based on the random expression of viral polypeptides fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in bacteria, which are subsequently fed to major histocompatibility complex class II+ antigen-presenting cells and probed with antigen-specific T cells. (nih.gov)
MiHA antigens are either ubiquitously expressed in most tissue like skin and intestines or restrictively expressed in the immune cells. (wikipedia.org)
The lack of recognition of a T cell to this self antigen is the reason why allogeneic stem cell transplantation for an HLA matched gene or a developing fetus's MiHAs during pregnancy may not be recognized by T cells and marked as foreign leading to an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
Some of these antigens are ubiquitously expressed in nucleated male cells, and the presence of these antigens has been associated with a greater risk of developing GVHD allogeneic stem cell transplantation for a HLA matched gene when there's a male recipient and female donor. (wikipedia.org)
To test this hypothesis, both an Ag‐specific mouse B cell clone CH12.LX, and freshly isolated resting splenic B cells were cultured with either soluble or membrane‐bound forms of the T cell ligand for CD40 (CD40L), in the presence or absence of additional signals provided by Ag or anti‐IgM, interleukin‐4, and class II‐specific monoclonal antibody (mAb). (uthscsa.edu)
The ability of class II MHC‐mediated signals to enhance Ag‐specific B cell responsiveness to CD40‐mediated signaling may selectively promote the activation of B cell clones capable of cognate interactions with helper T cells. (uthscsa.edu)
This association afforded us a unique opportunity to identify a sarcoidosis-specific antigen recognized by AV2S3+ T cells. (jci.org)
To identify candidates for the postulated sarcoidosis-specific antigen, lung cells from 16 HLA-DRB1*0301pos patients were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. (jci.org)
Anti-HLA-DR is intended for in vitro diagnostic use in the identification of cells expressing the HLA-DR antigen, using a BD FACS™ brand flow cytometer. (bdbiosciences.com)
We report here the utility of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II dextramers for in situ detection of self-reactive CD4 T cells in two target organs, the brain and heart. (unl.edu)
The data suggest that MHC class II dextramers are useful tools for enumerating the frequencies of antigen-specific CD4 T cells in situ by direct staining without having to amplify the fluorescent signals, an approach commonly employed with conventional MHC tetramers. (unl.edu)
HLA-DR antigens also occur on a variety of epithelial cells and their corresponding neoplastic counterparts. (novusbio.com)
This Technical Bulletin provides instructions for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and maintenance of human CD34 + cells, including optimized pre- and post-editing culture conditions and methods to evaluate genome editing efficiency. (stemcell.com)
The discovery and characterization of new antigens implicated in the pathogenesis of T1D is a high priority as it can lead to new diagnostic tools and anticipate that studies proposed by Dr. Baker will provide critical information to target autoreactive T cells though antigen-specific therapies. (cuanschutz.edu)
A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. (edu.au)
It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. (bvsalud.org)

Engleman EG, Warnke R, Fox RI, Dilley J, Benike CJ, Levy R. Studies of a human T lymphocyte antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody. (bdbiosciences.com)

Expression of major histocompatibility antigens in human chronic pancreatitis. (bmj.com)
HLA is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a gene family that occurs in many species. (medlineplus.gov)
No significant association with class-I human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) has been found, but an increase in class-II HLA antigens DR2 and DR4 has been found in black and white patients, respectively. (medscape.com)
A matrix approach to human class II histocompatibility antigens: reactions of four monoclonal antibodies with the products of nine haplotypes. (bdbiosciences.com)
Differential expression of HLA class II antigens in fetal human spleen: relationship of HLA-DP, DQ, and DR to immunoglobulin expression. (bdbiosciences.com)
A role for the involvement of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens seems likely because of the association with human leukocyte antigens DR3 and DR4. (medscape.com)

Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron study of major histocompatibility complex class-II antigen in canine cutaneous histiocytoma: its relation to tumor regression. (illumina.com)
Direct Staining with Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Dextra" by Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara et al. (unl.edu)
Description: The M5/114.15.2 monoclonal antibody reacts with the mouse major histocompatibility complex class II, both I-A and I-E subregion-encoded glycoproteins (I-A b, I-A d, I-A q, I-E d, I-E k, not I-A f, I-A k, or I-A s). (thermofisher.com)

The following product was used in this experiment: MHC Class II (I-A/I-E) Monoclonal Antibody (M5/114.15.2), NovaFluor™ Blue 610-70S, eBioscience™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # M024T02B06, RRID AB_2910831. (thermofisher.com)

As expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens is a prerequisite for organ specific autoimmunity, the expression of HLA class I (beta 2-microglobulin) and class II (HLA-DR) determinants have been analysed, together with the presence of T-lymphocytes, in 93 patients (64 men and 29 women, mean age 40.6 years) having an operation for chronic pancreatitis. (bmj.com)

This gene belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. (nih.gov)

Here, we describe a simple procedure that permits the identification of viral T-helper (TH)-cell antigens and epitopes. (nih.gov)
We used a novel in vitro degradation assay involving cytosolic extracts as well as endogenous intracellular processing assays to examine 2 well-characterized HIV-1 Gag overlapping epitopes presented by the same HLA class I allele, one of which is consistently immunodominant and the other subdominant in infected persons. (jci.org)

Both HLA class I and II alleles have been found to present these antigens. (wikipedia.org)

The main function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IImolecules is to present processed antigens, which are derived primarilyfrom exogenous sources, to CD4(+) T-lymphocytes. (embl-heidelberg.de)

The recognition of a mature T cell to this self antigen should not induce an immune response. (wikipedia.org)

4. Alloantibodies produced as a consequence of multiple semi-allogeneic pregnancies (pregnancy-induced antisera) were directed only to RT1A antigens. (portlandpress.com)

The antibody can cross-react with brain and cardiac antigens, and immune complexes are present in the serum. (medscape.com)

Characterization of HKE2: an ancient antigen encoded in the major histocompatibility complex. (genscript.com)

This interaction is central to antigen specificity in the adaptive immune response. (rndsystems.com)

The CD8 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. (wikidoc.org)

Simultaneous expression of both class I and II determinants was seen in 53 (57%) of cases. (bmj.com)

In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. (edu.au)

They cause problems of rejection less frequently than those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). (wikipedia.org)
Genes in this complex are categorized into three basic groups: class I, class II, and class III. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic loci in the vertebrate major histocompatibility complex that encode polymorphic products which control the immune response to specific antigens. (nih.gov)
3. Alloantibodies produced by leucocyte immunization (conventionally induced antisera) were directed only to RT1-encoded (major histocompatibility complex, MHC) antigens. (portlandpress.com)
High-density SNP screening of the major histocompatibility complex in systemic lupus erythematosus demonstrates strong evidence for independent susceptibility regions. (genscript.com)

Group A Streptococcus ( Streptococcus pyogenes ) is thought to cause the myriad of clinical diseases in which the host's immunologic response to bacterial antigens cross-react with various target organs in the body, resulting in molecular mimicry. (medscape.com)

Residue 65 is frequently and residues 72 and 146 are occasionally involved in TCR binding-induced conformational changes, as revealed by a comparison with MHC class I structures in TCR-liganded and -unliganded forms. (rcsb.org)

Structure of TCR and antigen complexes at an immunodominant CTL epitope in HIV-1 infection. (expasy.org)

The antigen-binding grove between MHC class II alpha and beta chain is open at both ends and is 15-24 amino acid residues long. (thermofisher.com)

The process by which antigen is presented to lymphocytes in a form they can recognize. (edu.au)

3. The DRα chain is unusual being the only non-polymorphic classical class II polypeptide, raising the question of its functional contribution. (portlandpress.com)

The MiHAs encoded by the Y chromosome are known as HY antigens. (wikipedia.org)
H-Y antigens are encoded by genes on the Y chromosome. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy33

Organisms14

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs113

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Named Groups1

Health Care2

Molecule5

Receptors5

Molecules19

Peptides10

Proteins11

Leukocyte antigen3

Target antigens1

Presentation2

Peptide3

Humans2

Transmembrane1

APCs2

Protein4

Macrophages2

Recombinant1

Receptor1

Cells17

Lymphocyte1

Human6

Major histocompatib3

Monoclonal antibody1

Autoimmunity1

Heavy chain1

Epitopes2

Alleles1

Exogenous1

Recognition1

Allogeneic1

Serum1

Characterization1

Interaction1

Immune system1

Expression1

Mice1

Complex5

Molecular1

Conformational1

Immunodominant1

Alpha1

Recognize1

Chain1

Chromosome2