• These type 2 receptors have the ability to bind both IL-4 and IL-13, two cytokines with closely related biological functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 has a compact, globular fold (similar to other cytokines), stabilised by 3 disulphide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4, along with other Th2 cytokines, is involved in the airway inflammation observed in the lungs of patients with allergic asthma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Efficacy of tapinarof in psoriasis is attributed to its binding and activation of AhR, a ligand-dependent transcription factor, leading to the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 17. (medscape.com)
  • Induction of hepatic cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6), c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and nuclear factor-κB was blocked in TLR4-mutant mice. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Interferon- γ, IL-4, IL-17 and TGF-β are the central inflammatory cytokines of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively. (oncotarget.com)
  • Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23, cytokines induced during early stages of IBD, play important roles in differentiation of interferon (IFN)-γ/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-producing Th1 cells as well as IL-17-producing Th17 cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • There remains much controversy surrounding the role of Th2 cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), in tuberculosis infection. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Naive CD4+ cells grown in IL-4, in the presence or absence of IL-2, fail to produce Th2 cytokines upon restimulation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our findings show that both IL-7 and IL-4 can act as growth factors for human thymocytes, and that these cytokines stimulate proliferation through distinct mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Alternative activation (M2) induced by Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-13 or IL-10 is associated with elevation of arginase 1 (Arg1), chitinase 3-like 3 (Ym1), mannose receptor and found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1), which is primarily involved in tissue remodeling and healing [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Th1 and Th2 responses are crucial in understanding the role of cytokines in the immune response to infectious agents [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 on the production of cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: priming for IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor alpha production. (cornell.edu)
  • Addition of IL-4 and IL-13 to peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures inhibited production of IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-10, and IL-1 beta induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Staphylococcus aureus added simultaneously with the cytokines. (cornell.edu)
  • this IL-4-induced priming for the two cytokines was inhibited by anti-IL-4 neutralizing antibodies. (cornell.edu)
  • Type 1 receptors are composed of the IL-4Rα subunit with a common γ chain and specifically bind IL-4. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most human meningiomas massively expresses IL-4 receptors, indicating its role in cancer progression. (wikipedia.org)
  • N -(4-[ 18 F]Fluorobenzoyl)interleukin-2 ([ 18 F]FB-IL2) specifically binds to interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R) and thus may be used to detect inflammation processes using positron emission tomography (PET). (springer.com)
  • High levels of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R) can be found mainly on the surface of activated T lymphocytes (both CD4+ and CD8+, mainly Th1 lymphocytes) [ 1 - 3 ] after endogenous stimulation. (springer.com)
  • CD25 is the alpha chain of the multi- component interleukin-2 receptor complex and is a requirement for formation of high affinity interleukin-2 receptors. (gla.ac.uk)
  • IL4R is the common ligand binding subunit shared by the IL-4 receptors type I (receptor for IL-4) and type II (receptor for IL-4 and IL-13). (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and members of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family, share homologies in their cytoplasmic domains called Toll/IL-IR/plant R gene homology (TIR) domains. (elsevierpure.com)
  • LPS binds to the cell-surface receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which initiates a signal transduction cascade, including recruitment of the Toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Portions of this work were in Regulation of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Inflammation: Role of the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway (R. Ghose, D. White, J. Vallejo, and S. J. Karpen), which was presented at Experimental Biology 2007 in Washington, DC, April 28-May 2, 2007. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 2017) 'Interleukin 17A and Toll-like Receptor 4 in Patients with Arterial Hypertension', Kidney and Blood Pressure Research , 42(1), pp. 99-108. (kbco.hr)
  • An observational cross-sectional case control study was conducted to estimate the association between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and interleukin (IL)-17A serum levels in patients with controlled and non-controlled hypertension. (kbco.hr)
  • Asthma is a complex genetic disorder that has been associated with IL-4 gene promoter polymorphism and proteins involved in IL-4 signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • This thesis describes the regulation of CD25 gene expression by interleukin-4-activated signal transduction pathways in quiescent human B lymphocytes. (gla.ac.uk)
  • This gene and interleukin 20 receptor beta are highly expressed in skin, and are upregulated in psoriasis. (nih.gov)
  • Background: Numerous investigations have previously evaluated the association of interleukin (IL) 4 gene polymorphisms and the risk of asthma, conferring inconsistent results. (ac.ir)
  • Population genetic variation in five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5′ region of the IL-4 gene was assessed in five racial groups. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Interleukin-6 is oedema, hypercholesterolaemia and gene- involved in inflammatory responses and im- ralized hyperlipidaemia [ 1 ]. (who.int)
  • The nucleotide sequence for human IL-4 was isolated four years later confirming its similarity to a mouse protein called B cell stimulatory factor-1 (BCSF-1). (wikipedia.org)
  • It seemed possible therefore, that the ability of IL-4 to promote increases in intracellular calcium, protein kinase C activation and cAMP generation might have a role in IL-4-induced CD25 expression. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Additionally, we have demonstrated that IL-4-induced cAMP production is dose dependent and leads to the activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA, in primary human B cells. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Aberrant DNA methylation of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) promoters in. (oncotarget.com)
  • The encoded protein is a subunit of the receptor for interleukin 20, a cytokine that may be involved in epidermal function. (nih.gov)
  • The interleukin 20 receptor is a heterodimeric complex consisting of the encoded protein and interleukin 20 receptor beta. (nih.gov)
  • Immunochemistry assay showed that the expression of TSLP protein in the corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells were enhanced in the model group compared with the normal control group.In addition, an intensive expression of IL-4 protein was seen in subconjunctival tissue in the model group, while the expression of IL-4 was absent in the normal control group. (cjeo-journal.org)
  • Here we show by genetargeting that IRAK-4, an IRAK molecule closely related to the Drosophila Pelle protein, is indispensable for the responses of animals and cultured cells to IL-1 and ligands that stimulate various TLRs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Also, Interleukin-4 antagonizes the activity of interleukin-1 by inducing the expression and release of this protein. (prospecbio.com)
  • Results Plasma fatty acid-binding protein 4, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-6 and leptin were negatively associated with FEV 1 and paraoxonase 3 was positively associated therewith. (lu.se)
  • Fatty acid-binding protein 4, fibroblast growth factor 21, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-6 and leptin were negatively associated with FVC and agouti-related protein, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2, paraoxonase 3 and receptor for advanced glycation end products were positively associated therewith. (lu.se)
  • Serum Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Levels in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis a" by Gülay KINIKLI, Necla TÜLEK et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • In order to investigate the significance of lL-4 blood levels in measuring the diseases activity and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in the early stages, serum lL-4 levels were evaluated in patients with allergic rhinitis both at the outset of immunotherapy and six months into it. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Researches showed that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-17-like inflammatory factor and plays important roles in the pathogenesis and development of allergic diseases.However, the study whether TSLP plays roles in allergic conjunctivitis is rare. (cjeo-journal.org)
  • This study was to investigate the expression change of TSLP and IL-4 in ocular surface tissue and cervical lymph node in the mice with allergic conjunctivitis induced by artemisia annua, a common plant in China, and to explore the role of TSLP and IL-4 in the pathogenesis and development of allergic conjunctivitis. (cjeo-journal.org)
  • IL-4 is mainly expressed in conjunctiva, showing IL-4 participates in conjunctival inflammatory process.TSLP and IL-4 play synergistic roles in promoting the inflammatory process of ocular surface in the mice with allergic conjunctivitis, which may be new therapeutic targets. (cjeo-journal.org)
  • IL-4 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a role in the pathogenesis of atopic and allergic diseases. (unc.edu)
  • Allergen immunotherapy decreases interleukin 4 production in CD4+ T cells from allergic individuals. (silverchair.com)
  • Allergen specific CD4+ T cell clones generated from allergic individuals have been shown to produce increased levels of the cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4), compared to allergen specific clones generated from nonallergic individuals. (silverchair.com)
  • We examined the production of IL-4 in subjects with allergic rhinitis and in allergic individuals treated with allergen immunotherapy, a treatment which involves the subcutaneous administration of increasing doses of allergen and which is highly effective and beneficial for individuals with severe allergic rhinitis. (silverchair.com)
  • We demonstrated that the quantity of IL-4 produced by allergen specific memory CD4+ T cells from allergic individuals could be considerably reduced by in vivo treatment with allergen (allergen immunotherapy). (silverchair.com)
  • The interleukin 4 (IL4, IL-4) is a cytokine that induces differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to Th2 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon activation by IL-4, Th2 cells subsequently produce additional IL-4 in a positive feedback loop. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 is produced primarily by mast cells, Th2 cells, eosinophils and basophils. (wikipedia.org)
  • Interleukin 4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B cell and T cell proliferation, and the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 decreases the production of Th1 cells, macrophages, IFNγ, and dendritic cells IL-12. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence of IL-4 in extravascular tissues promotes alternative activation of macrophages into M2 cells and inhibits classical activation of macrophages into M1 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 has been found to mediate a crosstalk between the neural stem cells and neurons that undergo neurodegeneration, and initiate a regeneration cascade through phosphorylation of its intracellular effector STAT6 in an experimental Alzheimer's disease model in adult zebrafish brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Increased IL-4 production was found in breast, prostate, lung, renal cells and other types of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 can primitively motivate tumor cells and increase their apoptosis resistance by increasing tumor growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ninety-four percent of the cells expressing IL-4 (3H4), 92% of those expressing IL-4 (4D9) and 100% expressing IL-13 in the airway smooth muscle were mast cells. (nih.gov)
  • Fifty-five percent of the mast cells within the airway smooth muscle co-localized to IL-4 (3H4), 29% to IL-4 (4D9) and 17% to IL-13. (nih.gov)
  • In asthma, IL-4+ and IL-13+ cells were present within the airway smooth muscle and were expressed predominantly by mast cells, suggesting that IL-4 and IL-13 may play an important role in mast cell-airway smooth muscle interactions. (nih.gov)
  • Interleukin (IL)-12, which is secreted by antigen-presenting cells, acts via signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)4 to promote the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th1 cells ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Interleukin-7 activates human naive CD4+ cells and primes for interleukin-4 production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Interleukin (IL)-4 is considered to be essential for T helper (Th)2 cell development, yet in areas of primary T cell activation, CD4+ cells are its only source. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, IL-7 induces development of a population of T cells that produce large amounts of IL-4. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We propose that in conjunction with CD28 co-stimulation, IL-7 induces the initial expression of IL-4 production and that IL-4 acts subsequently to expand Th2 cytokine-producing cells at the appropriate anatomical site. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We studied the effect of IL-4 on chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) bone marrow or peripheral blood cells from 30 patients using the CFU-granulocyte-erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte colony culture assay. (utmb.edu)
  • In several repetitive experiments, IL-4 inhibited CFU-GM colony replication by 24 to 65% in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 μg/ml when patients' cells were cultured in the presence of erythropoietin alone or with phytohemagglutinin-conditioned medium, GM-CSF, or IL-3. (utmb.edu)
  • Incubation of CML low-density peripheral blood cells with IL-4 resulted in down-regulation of IL-1β and IL-6 production in three of four samples, suggesting that the suppressive effect of IL-4 is mediated by inhibition of IL-1 and by other mechanisms including inhibition of IL-6 production. (utmb.edu)
  • In this present study, we investigate the effect of RvD1 on IL-4-induced alternative activation in murine BV-2 microglial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BV-2 cells were incubated with RvD1 alone, IL-4 alone, or the combination of RvD1 and IL-4. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Th1 cells that produce IL-2, IFN- γ , TNF- α, and TNF- β evoke cell-mediated immunity and phagocyte-dependent inflammation while Th2 cells that produce IL-5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 induce a strong antibody response that comprises the IgE class and eosinophil accumulation, but it inhibits several functions of phagocytic cells [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Exposure of Farage, a human B‐cell lymphoma line, to IL‐4 for 3-11 days led to inhibition of tritiated thymidine ([ 3 H]dT) uptake by the cells. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Study of the incorporation of 5‐bromodeoxyuridine by Farage cells showed that IL‐4 reduced significantly the number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and increased the proportion of cells in the G 1 phase. (bgu.ac.il)
  • IL‐4 did not reduce the viability of Farage cells. (bgu.ac.il)
  • On the contrary, IL‐4 diminished the spontaneous death of Farage cells in culture, as determined by pulse chase analysis of cells which were labelled with [ 3 H]dT. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Moreover, the pre‐treatment of Farage cells with IL‐4 prevented their death induced by exposure to a high dose of staurosporine. (bgu.ac.il)
  • IL‐4 abrogated the staurosporine‐induced arrest of cells in the G 2 + M phase and replaced it by accumulation of cells in the G 1 phase. (bgu.ac.il)
  • IL‐4 protected Farage cells from the radioactive suicide caused by the uptake of [ 3 H]dT by dividing cells. (bgu.ac.il)
  • The data obtained showed that IL‐4 inhibited the division of B cells by arresting their progression through the early stages of the cell cycle. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Study of the incorporation of 5‐bromodeoxyuridine by Farage cells showed that IL‐4 reduced significantly the number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and increased the proportion of cells in the G1 phase. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Immunotherapy reduced IL-4 production by allergen specific CD4+ T cells to levels observed with T cells from nonallergic subjects, or to levels induced with nonallergic antigens such as tetanus toxoid. (silverchair.com)
  • These observations indicate that immunotherapy accomplishes its clinical effects by reducing IL-4 synthesis in allergen specific CD4+ T cells. (silverchair.com)
  • Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced primarily by activated CD4 + T lymphocytes, mast cells, and basophils. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • BALB/c mice immunized with multimeric DWEYSVWLSN develop IgG1 anti-DNA antibodies and glomerular immunoglobulin deposits, leading us to investigate the role of IL-4 in this model of antigen induced lupus. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Glomerular immunoglobulin deposition was substantially decreased in IL-4 knockout mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We conclude that while IL-4 does not materially affect the generation of some autoantibody responses associated with peptide induced autoimmunity, IL-4 deficiency inhibits kidney immunoglobulin deposition. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Interleukin 4 mediates important pro-inflammatory functions in asthma, including induction of isotype rearrangement of IgE, expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), promoting eosinophilic transmigration through endothelium, mucus secretion and T helper type 2 (Th2) leading to cytokine release. (wikipedia.org)
  • We found that the promoter methylation level of GATA3, IL-4 and TGF-β was significantly up-regulated in active BD patients and negatively correlated with the corresponding mRNA expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • This implies that other signals must drive the initial expression of IL-4 production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This implies that IL-7 acts directly to induce Th2 subset development and not by up-regulating either production of IL-4 during culture or expression of the IL-4 receptor. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RvD1 promoted IL-4-induced microglia alternative activation by increasing the expression of Arg1 and Ym1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IL-4 induces B cell class switching to IgE, and up-regulates MHC class II production. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although patients before immunotherapy showed slightly higher serum levels of lL-4 and these diminished during six months of immunotherapy, this wasn't statistically important. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • 0ur results suggest that serum lL-4 levels aren't helpful in measuring the diseaseÕs activity or the effectiveness of immunotherapy in atopic patients. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • In most cases the levels of IL-4 produced were inversely related to the length of time on immunotherapy. (silverchair.com)
  • Serum lL-4 levels were measured with the ELISA kit, after which we compared the results and correlated them with symptom scores. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Interleukin 4 from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Interleukin 18 from Guinea pig in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (ibiomagazine.org)
  • Following peptide immunization, IgG1 anti-peptide and anti-DNA antibodies were significantly higher in IL-4 wild type mice, while IgM and IgG3 anti-DNA levels were significantly higher in IL-4 knockout mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Titers of IgG anti-laminin and anti-histone, but not anti-Sm/RNP and anti-cardiolipin antibodies, were significantly higher in the IL-4 wild type group. (elsevierpure.com)
  • IL-7-induced IL-4 production is not inhibited by neutralizing antibodies to IL-4 on its receptor. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We constructed a DNA minigene with AB fused to mouse interleukin-4 (pAB42-IL-4) as a molecular adjuvant to generate anti-AB antibodies and enhance the Th2-type of immune responses. (ecu.edu)
  • IL-4 has a significant effect on tumor progression. (wikipedia.org)
  • URL: http://ras.jes.su/dan/s086956520003288-9-1-en (circulation date: 03.10.2023). (jes.su)
  • Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine, which is involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses, and in the pathogenesis of various diseases including T1D. (geneticsmr.org)
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) activates a diverse array of functional responses in mononuclear phagocytes. (nih.gov)
  • In normal bone marrow cultures grown in the presence of either granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-4 suppresses granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) proliferation but it enhances the colony-stimulatory effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). (utmb.edu)
  • In contrast to the stimulatory effect exerted by IL-4 on G-CSF-dependent CFU-GM progenitor proliferation in normal marrow, the addition of IL-4 to CML cultures grown in the presence of G-CSF resulted in a divergent effect: suppression of CML CFU-GM in two, stimulation in three, and no significant effect in two CML patients' samples. (utmb.edu)
  • The addition of 100 U/ml of IL-1β to the CML cultures partially reversed the inhibitory effect of IL-4. (utmb.edu)
  • Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, IL-13, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta are usually considered to be the most important macrophage-deactivating factors, with inhibitory effects on cytokine production. (cornell.edu)
  • Finally, currently living in an urban household was unexpectedly, negatively associated with adult IL-4. (unc.edu)
  • IRAK-4-deficient animals are completely resistant to a lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (elsevierpure.com)
  • IL-4 is closely related to IL-13, and both stimulate type 2 immunity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Interleukin 7 and interleukin 4 stimulate human thymocyte growth through distinct mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
  • IL-4 priming also enhanced the accumulation of IL-12 and TNF-alpha mRNA induced by LPS and S. aureus. (cornell.edu)
  • The adjuvant effect of CB and DEP on OVA sensitization was evidenced by the marked increases in serum OVA-specific IgG (5.6-fold) and IgE (3.5-4 fold) levels, and the increase in interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA levels in lung tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Splenocytes from DWEYSVWLSN immunized mice secreted IL-4 but not γ-interferon. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The aim of this study was to systemically review the efficacy and safety of inhibitors of interleukin 6 (IL-6): clazakizumab, IL-12/23: ustekinumab, and IL-17A: secukinumab, brodalumab, and ixekizumab in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). (medscape.com)
  • They express IL-4Rα and IL13Rα-1-1, but not the surface γc chain, suggesting that most human meningiomas express IL-4 type II. (wikipedia.org)
  • To date, interleukui-4 is the only cytokine recognized to be capable of upregulating CD25 in human B lymphocytes. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Strikingly, IL-4 also enhanced neurite outgrowth in human CST neurons, corroborating its regenerative effects in CNS damage. (isniweb.org)
  • Summarized, we conclude that IL-4 triggers neuron-intrinsic regeneration mechanisms in both human and mouse CST neurons and therefore, represents a putative growth-promoting treatment for traumatic CNS injury. (isniweb.org)
  • We have investigated the effects of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 7 (IL-7) on human thymocyte proliferation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • American Journal of Human Biology, 24(4) , 446-453. (unc.edu)
  • Conclusions: This study builds on a growing body of literature demonstrating that early ecological conditions have long-term effects on human biology by providing evidence that multiple proxies of microbial exposures in infancy are associated with adult IL-4. (unc.edu)
  • Schlesinger, M. / The effects of interleukin 4 on the cell cycle of a human B‐cell lymphoma line . (bgu.ac.il)
  • Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks a shared receptor component for interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, which are the key drivers for type 2 inflammation with EoE. (medscape.com)
  • Other factors might include interferon (eg, interferon beta-1b) or interleukin (IL-4) therapy. (medscape.com)
  • abstract = "Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine with pleiotropic activities. (utmb.edu)
  • Our studies demonstrate that RvD1 promotes IL-4-induced alternative activation via STAT6 and PPARγ signaling pathways in microglia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, we investigated the effects of RvD1 on IL-4-induced activation of signal transducer and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Signal transducer and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) is activated by IL-4 and IL-13 and plays an important role in alternative activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, IL-7 potentiates the effects of CD28 co-stimulation on both naive CD4+ cell proliferation and subsequent IL-4 production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Further, the effects of RvD1 and IL-4 on Arg1 and Ym1 were blocked by the application of leflunomide (a STAT6 inhibitor) or GW9662 (a PPARγ antagonist). (biomedcentral.com)
  • No correlation was found between lL-4 levels and symptom scores. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • One SNP, -589T, known to influence IL-4 transcription was previously shown to be associated with HIV-1/AIDS in both Japanese and French populations. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • IL-4 plays an important role in the development of certain immune disorders, particularly allergies and some autoimmune diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 may also play a role in the infection and development of HIV disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results indicate that IRAK-4 has an essential role in innate immunity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Recent evidence from animal studies indicates a key role for interleukin-17a (IL-17a) in promoting MIA-induced behavioral and brain abnormalities reminiscent of ASD. (figshare.com)
  • These results suggest an unexpected complexity in the regulatory role of IL-4 and IL-13 in immune responses. (cornell.edu)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Interleukin 4 (IL4) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Mouse Interleukin 4 (IL4) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (fslregister.nl)
  • as potential biological weapons ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an aberrant DNA methylation of transcriptional and inflammatory factors, including TBX21, GATA3, RORγt, FOXP3, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β , in CD4 + T confers risk to BD. (oncotarget.com)
  • The effect of IL-4 on humoral autoimmunity in lupus is complex, and is dependent on genetic background, the antigenic trigger and stage of disease. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Unlike IL-10 and TGF-beta, which appear to act as downmodulators of many phagocytic cell functions, the mode of action of IL-4 and IL-13 is more complex. (cornell.edu)
  • Early studies reported that hyperactive T helper (Th) type 1 and Th17 immune responses were related to the development of BD [ 4 , 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The fact that substantial benefit can be achieved when treatment is administered during established infection strengthens the view that clinical interventions aimed at suppressing the IL-4 component of the host immune response seen in tuberculosis patients may be beneficial. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates pleiotropic roles in immune regulation, inflammation, hematopoiesis, and oncogenesis. (sbhsciences.com)
  • 2018), we hypothesized IL-4 as a putative target for inducing CST regeneration. (isniweb.org)
  • They found that the absolute risk for advanced outcomes was 4% with high-quality exams - meaning, with an adenoma detection rate of 25 or greater - compared with 6.7% if you had a low-quality exam. (medscape.com)