GenesAntigenPeptidesEpitopesPeptide-MHC complexesGeneticSusceptibilityMurineMoleculesMoleculeGeneticsAdaptive Immune RLocusDifferent speciesSpeciesExpressionAntibodiesComplementVariationImmune responseHumansPatternsContributionHuman major histocoClass IIPolymorphismCellTypeRegionDiseaseImportantHighStructure
Genes8
- The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA containing a set of closely linked polymorphic genes that code for cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system. (wikipedia.org)
- The major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) is a gene-dense genomic region within which many genes play a role in vertebrate immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we experimentally investigate whether this bias is driven by relatedness per se, or by similarity at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), genes central to vertebrate acquired immunity, where polymorphism is critical to an individual's ability to combat pathogens. (uea.ac.uk)
- The ability of an organism to distinguish self from nonself is determined by a cluster of genes located in the major histocompatibility complex. (wustl.edu)
- The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) comprises a number of genes that occur in many species. (antibodies-online.com)
- To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
- Genetic variants in the major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes are associated with diisocyanate -induced asthma. (cdc.gov)
- 12 - 15 These studies focused mainly on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes, and found evidence that class II alleles such as HLA-DRB1*03:01 are associated with auto-antibody production. (cdc.gov)
Antigen7
- The human MHC is also called the HLA (human leukocyte antigen) complex (often just the HLA). (wikipedia.org)
- Recently, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II tetramers have emerged as a powerful tool for interrogating antigen-specific CD4 + T cells without relying on effector functions. (nih.gov)
- The αβ T-cell coreceptor CD4 enhances immune responses more than 1 million-fold in some assays, and yet the affinity of CD4 for its ligand, peptide-major histocompatibility class II (pMHC II) on antigen-presenting cells, is so weak that it was previously unquantifiable. (lu.se)
- Likewise, antigen/antibody complexes are bound by the FcR of APCs and processed in a unique fashion dependent on the epitope specificity of the bound antibody. (hindawi.com)
- Using lacZ-inducible T cells as a probe, we screened a splenic cDNA library in transiently transfected antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and isolated a cDNA clone that allowed expression of the appropriate peptide/K b MHC complex in APC. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Abnormal expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules in the placenta may trigger the initiating immunologic event in this organ, which is followed by cross-reactivity with an antigen present in the skin and the characteristic cutaneous signs of the disease. (medscape.com)
- Major histocompatibility complex class III associations have also been observed, as has a high frequency of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies. (medscape.com)
Peptides1
- Major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC I) help protect jawed vertebrates by binding and presenting immunogenic peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (ab604.uk)
Epitopes3
- These data identify an association between HIV-specific CD4 + T cell targeting of immunodominant Gag epitopes and immune control, particularly the contribution of a single class II MHC-peptide complex to the immune response against HIV-1 infection. (nih.gov)
- The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a part of the immune system which presents epitopes of intracellular antigens on the cell surface. (arizona.edu)
- Although a pivotal role of proteasomes in the proteolytic generation of epitopes for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation is undisputed, their precise function is currently the subject of an active debate: do proteasomes generate many epitopes in definitive form, or do they merely generate the COOH termini, whereas the definitive NH(2) termini are cleaved by aminopeptidases? (ncl.ac.uk)
Peptide-MHC complexes2
- Evidence suggests peptide selection involves transient adoption of alternative, presumably higher energy conformations than native peptide-MHC complexes. (ab604.uk)
- These results illustrate a novel strategy for identifying T cell-stimulating antigens in general and directly show that alloreactive T cells can respond to rather rare peptide/MHC complexes. (johnshopkins.edu)
Genetic6
- Genetic diversity in general has been linked to fitness and reproductive success, and genetic diversity within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been linked to immunocompetence and mate preferences. (blogspot.com)
- Understanding the complex interaction of habitat, pathogens and immunity in protected species will require integrated experimental, genetic and field studies. (datadryad.org)
- In this review article, the genetic organization of the murine and human major histocompatibility complexes and the manner by which their gene products modulate immune responsiveness are discussed. (wustl.edu)
- Although genetic variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is associated with SLE, its role in the development of clinical manifestations and autoantibody production is not well defined. (cdc.gov)
- [ 2 ] RA has a very complex genetic basis, and the combination of genetic and environmental causative factors makes it hard to study. (medscape.com)
- The genetic contribution to RA susceptibility is estimated to be between 30% and 50%, of which the major histocompatibility complex accounts for about one-third. (medscape.com)
Susceptibility2
- Many observations point to a major role for classical HLA loci in determining susceptibility to viral infections 1 . (antibodies-online.com)
- To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located across the major histocompatibility complex and susceptibility to diisocyanate -induced asthma (DA). (cdc.gov)
Murine1
- Several studies indicate that the outcome of experimental murine cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major (Lm) is determined by immunological events occurring shortly after infection. (ox.ac.uk)
Molecules2
- Class I major histocompatibility molecules (MHC) are 45 kilodalton (kD) glycoproteins that associate with a smaller 12 kD polypeptide, β₂-microglobulin. (caltech.edu)
- We compared the resultant peptide-receptive MHC molecules with non-hydrolyzed peptide-loaded MHC complexes by monitoring the exchange of hydrogen for deuterium in solution. (ab604.uk)
Molecule2
- Major histocompatibility complex E (MHC-E) is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule with limited polymorphism that is primarily involved in the regulation of natural killer (NK) cells. (ox.ac.uk)
- Malarkannan, S, Afkarian, M & Shastri, N 1995, ' A rare cryptic translation product is presented by K b major histocompatibility complex class I molecule to alloreactive T cells ', Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol. 182, no. 6, pp. 1739-1750. (johnshopkins.edu)
Genetics2
- Genetics of the major histocompatibility complex: the final act. (wikidata.org)
- genetics of a complex differentiation process. (lu.se)
Adaptive Immune R1
- The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in the adaptive immune response to pathogens due to its extraordinary polymorphism. (bvsalud.org)
Locus1
- George Snell selectively bred two mouse strains, attained a new strain nearly identical to one of the progenitor strains, but differing crucially in histocompatibility-that is, tissue compatibility upon transplantation-and thereupon identified an MHC locus. (wikipedia.org)
Different species1
- The IPD-MHC Database was created which provides a centralised repository for sequences of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) from a number of different species. (wikipedia.org)
Species1
- Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I G (MHCG) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (agctsequencing.com)
Expression1
- Although previous work had found that host response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis involves major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T cells, our results indicate that chronic deficiency of CD8(+) T cells does not lead to a different expression of the disease and that if CD8(+) T cells are involved in the host response, their function can be assumed by other immune cells. (oregonstate.edu)
Antibodies1
- The Fc portion of antibodies in immune complexes can be bound by C1q of the classical complement pathway, which eventually leads to the release of C5a and C3a. (hindawi.com)
Complement1
- Deposited immune complexes can activate complement and effector cells. (hindawi.com)
Variation1
- Overall, these results suggest a complex interplay between neutral evolutionary forces and balancing selection in shaping the spatial patterns of MHC variation. (bvsalud.org)
Immune response3
- Our results demonstrate an association between the frequency of HIV-specific CD4 + T cell responses targeting an immunodominant DRB1*11-Gag41 complex and HIV control, highlighting the important contribution of a single class II MHC-peptide complex to the immune response against HIV-1 infections. (nih.gov)
- 1. Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens have the central role in the immune response of 'presenting' antigenic peptide to CD4 + T-cells. (portlandpress.com)
- Gutmann, DH & Niederhuber, JE 1985, ' Major histocompatibility complex regulation of the immune response ', Journal of Surgical Research , vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 172-181. (wustl.edu)
Humans1
- Much like humans, microbes have complex social and physical communities and are always evolving. (cdc.gov)
Patterns1
- Neutral Forces and Balancing Selection Interplay to Shape the Major Histocompatibility Complex Spatial Patterns in the Striped Hamster in Inner Mongolia: Suggestive of Broad-Scale Local Adaptation. (bvsalud.org)
Contribution1
- Functional macroautophagy induction by influenza A virus without a contribution to major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted presentation. (jefferson.edu)
Human major histoco1
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I G (MHCG) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (agctsequencing.com)
Class II3
- Here, we describe class II major histocompatibility complex (MHCII) as an important component of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. (nih.gov)
- Leishmania major-specific, CD4+, major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cells derived in vitro from lymphoid tissues of naive mice. (ox.ac.uk)
- A role for the involvement of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens seems likely because of the association with human leukocyte antigens DR3 and DR4. (medscape.com)
Polymorphism1
- Due to its high polymorphism and importance for disease resistance, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been an important focus of many vertebrate genome projects. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell5
- Calculations indicated, however, that CD4/pMHC II binding would increase rates of T-cell receptor (TCR) complex phosphorylation by threefold via the recruitment of Lck, with only a small, 2-20% increase in the effective affinity of the TCR for pMHC II. (lu.se)
- Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I G from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (agctsequencing.com)
- Broadly targeted CD8⁺ T cell responses restricted by major histocompatibility complex E. (ox.ac.uk)
- The identity of allogeneic peptide/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complexes that elicit vigorous T cell responses has remained an interesting problem for both practical and theoretical reasons. (johnshopkins.edu)
- When examined with the Y-Ae monoclonal which recognizes complexes formed between I-A(b) and a peptide derived from I-Eα, the T cell area DCs expressed the highest levels. (rockefeller.edu)
Type1
- OBJECTIVE- HLA-DRB1* 03 -DQB1* 0201 /DRB1* 04 -DQB1* 0302 ( DR3/4-DQ8 ) siblings who share both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes identical-by-descent with their proband siblings have a higher risk for type 1A diabetes than DR3/4-DQ8 siblings who do not share both MHC haplotypes identical-by-descent. (diabetesjournals.org)
Region1
- We have determined the complete sequence of 951,695 bp from the class I region of H2, the mouse major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) from strain 129/Sv (haplotype bc). (elsevierpure.com)
Disease1
- OMIM 152700) is a complex autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. (cdc.gov)
Important1
- MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) is a complex of proteins that constitutes an important part of the immune system, helping to reveal the presence of bacteria or a virus in cells, for example. (lu.se)
High1
- High levels of a major histocompatibility complex II-self peptide comp" by Kayo Inaba, Margit D. Witmer-Pack et al. (rockefeller.edu)
Structure2
- The zebra finch MHC exhibits a complex structure and history involving gene duplication and fragmentation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our analyses of the zebra finch MHC suggest a complex history involving chromosomal fission, gene duplication and translocation in the history of the MHC in birds, and highlight striking differences in MHC structure and organization among avian lineages. (biomedcentral.com)