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Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-IndependentOrganic Anion TransportersOrganic Anion Transport Protein 1p-Aminohippuric AcidOrganic Anion Transporters, Sodium-DependentAnion Transport ProteinsAnionsProbenecidSymportersBiological TransportSodiumUricosuric AgentsOrganic Anion Transport Polypeptide CEstroneSulfobromophthaleinBiological Transport, ActiveOrganic Cation Transport ProteinsOchratoxinsBile Acids and SaltsMultidrug Resistance-Associated ProteinsCarrier ProteinsOrganic Anion Transporters, ATP-DependentATP-Binding Cassette TransportersKidneyIleumGlutaratesTaurocholic AcidKidney Tubules, ProximalMembrane Transport ProteinsDicarboxylic AcidsXenopus laevisDicarboxylic Acid TransportersRNA, ComplementaryUnithiolBile CanaliculiOocytesPhenolsulfonphthaleinSodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IChoroid PlexusRenal AgentsOrganic Cation Transporter 1Leukotriene C4LLC-PK1 CellsHyperbilirubinemia, HereditaryIndicanPenicillin GKineticsHyperbilirubinemia2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic AcidMolecular Sequence DataSulfinpyrazoneIodopyracetCatecholamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsCefotiamCell LineFlounderLiverIon TransportRats, Sprague-DawleyCell MembraneJaundice, Chronic IdiopathicAmino Acid SequenceRNA, MessengerMethotrexateCimetidineRats, Mutant StrainsMercury IsotopesDehydroepiandrosterone SulfateTissue DistributionP-GlycoproteinRats, Inbred LECTransfectionDNA, ComplementaryBileCephaloridineCells, CulturedSulfuric Acid EstersPharmaceutical PreparationsDose-Response Relationship, DrugAminopterinPravastatinDrug InteractionsGlutathioneBiotinylationCloning, MolecularSteviaUric AcidAntiportersPhysiological ProcessesSodium ChannelsP-GlycoproteinsSubstrate SpecificityLiddle SyndromeHepatocytesSalicylatesRats, WistarPropionatesKetoglutaric AcidsFurosemideCOS Cells
Canalicular Multispecific Organic Anion TransporterProteinsTransmembraneBicarbonateSoluteGLUCOSE TRANSPORTERSRenalOAT3MetabolitesPotassiumCotransporterIonsEffluxHigh affinity ATP-dependentProximalGradientInhibitorAscorbateUptakeTransportFolateProton-coupledPredominantlyInhibitorsVitaminBileDrugsUrineMetabolicFunctionalInorganicConcentrationBiochemicalInteractionsFamilyAlkalineCGMP
Canalicular Multispecific Organic Anion Transporter1
  • MRP2 can be referred to as a canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT) due to its advanced of appearance in the hepatic canalicular area and since it mediates the transportation of a wide spectral range of nonbile sodium organic anions in the liver organ into bile. (healthanddietblog.info)
Proteins7
  • It is a member of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • These proteins harness the sodium ion gradient to transport bile acids across the plasma membranes of enterocytes of the terminal ileum and hepatocytes, respectively. (elifesciences.org)
  • Membrane transport proteins that actively co-transport ASCORBIC ACID and sodium ions across the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Several sodium-coupled transport proteins have been identified that enable intracellular uptake of phosphate by taking advantage of the steep extracellular-to-intracellular sodium gradient. (medscape.com)
  • MRP2 mRNA and proteins levels could be markedly induced by remedies with metalloid salts including sodium arsenite [As(III)] and potassium antimonyl tartrate in principal rat and individual hepatocytes [22]. (healthanddietblog.info)
  • Under unstressed circumstances, most Nrf2 is within the cytosol and destined to Kelch-like ECH-associated proteins (Keap1) which features being a substrate adaptor for the Cullin-dependent E2 ubiquitin ligase complicated and goals Nrf2 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. (healthanddietblog.info)
  • Proteins involved in the transport of organic anions. (bvsalud.org)
Transmembrane1
  • OAT1 and 3 have 12 predicted transmembrane domains and are primarily expressed in the basolateral (blood-side) membrane of proximal tubule cells in the kidney, with highest levels in the middle segment, and are considered as kidney-specific transporters in humans [1, 2]. (solvobiotech.com)
Bicarbonate1
  • Acetazolamide, a major carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, blocks the re-absorption of sodium bicarbonate, resulting in an alkaline diuresis with loss of sodium and bicarbonate in the urine. (aspetjournals.org)
Solute1
  • The organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) also known as solute carrier family 22 member 6 (SLC22A6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS1
  • Dietary absorption of VITAMIN C is highly dependent upon this class of transporters and a subset of SODIUM GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS which transport the oxidized form of vitamin C, DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
Renal9
  • It plays a central role in renal organic anion transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • The renal organic anion transporters OAT1, OAT3, OATP4C1, MDR1, MRP2, MRP4 and URAT1 are expressed in the S2 segment of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • The secretion of numerous organic anions, including endogenous metabolites, drugs, and xenobiotics, is an important physiological function of the renal proximal tubule. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Glycolic acid is the metabolite that causes the anion gap metabolic acidosis and oxalic acid results primarily in renal toxicity due to the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. (dermatologyadvisor.com)
  • OAT1 and 3 are predominantly renal anion-exchanging antiporters responsible for the uptake of substrates from the blood into renal proximal tubular cells. (solvobiotech.com)
  • OAT1 and 3 are among the several important drug transporters in kidney proximal tubules that maintain systemic levels of endogenous substrates (e.g. uric acid), and facilitate the active renal secretion of drugs into the urine. (solvobiotech.com)
  • The FDA and EMA regulatory guidances recommend evaluation of OAT transporter interactions for NCEs and circulating metabolites, particularly where significant renal elimination of negatively charged drugs is observed. (solvobiotech.com)
  • MRPs) transporters, belong to a suite of renal transporters whose function is to maintain circulating levels of endogenous anionic substances (e.g. uric acid) which might otherwise accumulate in the body. (solvobiotech.com)
  • The finding that improved manifestation of MRP2 in renal BBM upon injection of CDDP suggests that this transporter may be involved in the excretion of CDDP from the kidney. (healthanddietblog.info)
OAT33
  • Along with OAT3, OAT1 mediates the uptake of a wide range of relatively small and hydrophilic organic anions from plasma into the cytoplasm of the proximal tubular cells of the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • OAT1, OAT3, and OATP4C1 transport small organic anions from the plasma into the S2 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • ACV also contains Chlorogenic acid which we we saw in an earlier post inhibits excretion of bumetanide through OAT3 (Organic acid transporter 3). (epiphanyasd.com)
Metabolites1
  • The bile acid sodium symporter (BASS) family transports a wide array of molecules across membranes, including bile acids in humans, and small metabolites in plants. (elifesciences.org)
Potassium2
  • Exported intracellular dicarboxylates are replenished by the action of NaDC (SLC13A3), a sodium-dicarboxylate co-transporter which, in turn, relies on the sodium gradient maintained by sodium-potassium ATPase. (solvobiotech.com)
  • 2003. Final report on the safety assessment of ammonium, potassium, and sodium persulfate. (cdc.gov)
Cotransporter3
  • To prevent the loss of endogenous dicarboxylates, OAT1-positive cells also express a sodium-dicarboxylate cotransporter called NaDC3 that transports dicarboxylates back into the OAT1-positive cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the absence of a sodium gradient across the cell membrane, the NaDC3 cotransporter ceases to function, intra-cellular dicarboxylates are depleted, and the OAT1 transporter also grinds to a halt. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thiazides and loop diuretics exhibit their diuretic effects from the luminal side by inhibiting the Na + -Cl - cotransporter of the distal tubule and the Na + -K + -2Cl - co-transporter of the loop of Henle, respectively ( Ives, 2001 ). (aspetjournals.org)
Ions3
  • A subclass of ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTERS whose transport of organic anions is driven either directly or indirectly by a gradient of sodium ions. (umassmed.edu)
  • The BASS family is characterised by two helices that cross-over in the centre of the protein in an arrangement that is intricately held together by two sodium ions. (elifesciences.org)
  • During molecular dynamics simulations the pantoate remains in this position when sodium ions are present but is more mobile in their absence. (elifesciences.org)
Efflux5
  • adagrasib will increase the level or effect of colchicine by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • amiodarone will increase the level or effect of colchicine by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • Use of transporter knockdown Caco-2 cells to investigate the in vitro efflux of statin drugs. (degruyter.com)
  • the late descending phase of the beta(2)-AR agonist inotropic effect was mimicked by either cAMP or adenosine and abolished by preincubation of diaphragm with pertussis toxin (PTX) (G(i) signaling inhibitor) or the organic anion transporter inhibitor probenecid, indicating a delayed coupling of beta(2)-AR to G(i) protein which depends on cAMP efflux. (unifesp.br)
  • Intriguingly, the replacement of gluconate with ascorbate in the patch-clamp pipette reveals a large ascorbate efflux current, which shows sensitivity to the anion channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (A9C), indicative of the ascorbate release via anion channels. (deepdyve.com)
High affinity ATP-dependent1
  • HEK293 cells had an efficient ef flux system for cGMP and the use of inside-out vesicles (IOVs) showed high affinity ATP-dependent cGMP transport with a K m value of 2.3 μM. (scirp.org)
Proximal2
  • MDR1, MRP2, MRP4 and URAT1 then transports these organic anions from the cytoplasm of the S2 cells into the lumen of the proximal convoluted tubules. (wikipedia.org)
  • The process of secreting organic anions through the proximal tubule cells is achieved via unidirectional transcellular transport involving the uptake of organic anions into the cells from the blood across the basolateral membrane, followed by extrusion across the brush-border membrane into the proximal tubule fluid. (aspetjournals.org)
Gradient1
  • Uptake of substrates is dependent on the outwardly-directed concentration gradient of dicarboxylates (e.g. α-ketoglutarate). (solvobiotech.com)
Inhibitor2
  • Remarkably, the PTX-sensitive beta(2)-AR inotropic effect was inhibited by the A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine and ecto-5'-phosphodiesterase inhibitor alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt, indicating that beta(2)-AR coupling to G(i) is indirect and dependent on A(1) receptor activation. (unifesp.br)
  • Many reports have got showed immediate AZD2014 small molecule kinase inhibitor connections between ABC and GSH transporters [20, 21], recommending that GSH might induce conformational shifts that assist in MRP-mediated substrate carry [11]. (healthanddietblog.info)
Ascorbate2
  • EPR spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that salinity (NaCl) triggers the accumulation of root apoplastic ascorbyl radicals in an A9C-dependent manner, confirming that l-ascorbate leaks through anion channels under depolarization. (deepdyve.com)
  • In water solutions, this substance is present as a monovalent anion, ascorbate- (Asc-), which easily donates electrons to oxidized molecules and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS). (deepdyve.com)
Uptake3
  • When the uptake of one molecule of an organic anion is transported into a cell by an OAT1 exchanger, one molecule of an endogenous dicarboxylic acid (such as glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc.) is simultaneously transported out of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • These diuretics inhibited organic anion uptake mediated by hOAT1, hOAT2, hOAT3, and hOAT4 in a competitive manner. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Amazingly, we also discovered that these steady gene which encodes a copper concentration-dependent transcription aspect for the appearance of many genes mixed up in uptake of iron and copper [49]. (healthanddietblog.info)
Transport2
  • These transporters, many of which are sodium-coupled, have been shown to use an elevator mechanism of transport, but exactly how substrate binding is coupled to sodium ion binding and transport is not clear. (elifesciences.org)
  • The FHA cycle is active inside the cell, detoxifying superoxide anion radicals (O2·-), which are mainly generated as a result of so-called 'electron leakage' to triplet oxygen (O2) in photosynthetic, mitochondrial, peroxisomal, and probably other electron transport chains (Ozyigit et al. (deepdyve.com)
Folate1
  • The proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) is ubiquitously expressed in solid tumors to which it delivers antifolates, particularly pemetrexed, into cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Proton-coupled1
  • The augmentation of intracellular pH, when cells are in a HEPES buffer, should be taken into consideration in studies that encompass all proton-coupled transporter families. (aspetjournals.org)
Predominantly1
  • Phosphate is a predominantly intracellular anion with a concentration of approximately 100 mmol/L, although determination of the precise intracellular concentration has been difficult. (medscape.com)
Inhibitors1
  • 1. Shitara Y, Sugiyama Y. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors: drug-drug interactions and interindividual differences in transporter and metabolic enzyme functions. (degruyter.com)
Vitamin1
  • In vertebrate skeletal muscle, the vitamin C transporter SVCT2 is preferentially expressed in slow muscle fibers. (nih.gov)
Bile1
  • The manuscript represents an important contribution to an ongoing discussion about the substrate binding site and mechanism of the Bile Acid Sodium Symporter (BASS) family of transporters. (elifesciences.org)
Drugs1
  • Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is contraindicated with drugs that are highly dependent on CYP3A for clearance and for which elevated concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening reactions. (medscape.com)
Urine1
Metabolic2
Functional2
  • 1] "Cloning and functional characterization of human sodium-dependent organic anion transporter (SLC10A6). (tcdb.org)
  • This discovery formed the basis of a powerful technique used nowadays to study brain activity: blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (frontiersin.org)
Inorganic1
  • A mixture of organic and inorganic materials that makes uppermost layer of the earth in which plants grow is known as Soil. (intechopen.com)
Concentration2
Biochemical1
  • A cell's activity depends on what biochemical reactions it may complete, and these reactions are dependent on the compounds extracted from the extracellular fluid. (wikibooks.org)
Interactions1
Family2
Alkaline1
  • but the extracellular acidity characteristic of many tumors would be expected to reduce the activity of this transporter, which has a mildly alkaline pH optimum. (curehunter.com)
CGMP1
  • This study shows that the antiproliferative effects of SNP on HEK293 cells are mediated through cGMP - dependent and cGMP-independent mecha nisms. (scirp.org)