Four to five sister chromatid exchanges per chromosome pair, per mitosis is in the normal distribution, while 14-100 exchanges is not normal and presents a danger to the organism. (wikipedia.org)
It has been suggested that sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) might reflect a pathway by which cells can repair certain forms of chromosome damage( Latt & Juergens, 1977 ). (biologists.com)
The resulting recombinase-coated ssDNA filaments can invade the homologous chromosome dsDNA, searching for a complementary sequence (chromosome pairing), which will foster genetic material exchange. (nature.com)
No evidence of a genotoxic effect was detected in the Ames Salmonella, chromosome aberration, mouse lymphoma, or sister-chromatid exchange tests (McGregor et al. (europa.eu)
Micronuclei3
Results: In all patients, the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and the formation of micronuclei were significantly higher in the lymphocytes of blood samples that were taken in day 9 of the therapy compared to those that were collected 1 month after the cessation of therapy. (tubitak.gov.tr)
The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) were scored as genetic endpoints, and mitomycin C was used as a model mutagen. (kombuchabrewers.org)
Further studies were performed to determine whether DCNPA and its major metabolite, 2,4-dichloro-6-aminophenol (DCAP), can induce reverse mutations in Salmonella, gene mutations at the HPRT locus, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronuclei (MN) in V79 cells. (cdc.gov)
Micronucleus1
Materials and Methods: Genotoxicity was evaluated using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (MN) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays in lymphocyte cultures that were prepared from blood samples collected from the 15 patients. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Lymphocytes1
Sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of petroleum retailers. (bmj.com)
Frequency2
The relationship between the 'spontaneous' frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) and tumorigenicity was studied in a series of hybrids between a C57BL melanoma cell line and diploid cells, but no correlation was found between the 2 variables. (biologists.com)
As a result, the frequency of sister chromatid exchange is about 10 times higher than average. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromosomal2
Several in vitro studies addressing Ames-mutagenicity, sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration are available. (europa.eu)
They thought that inefficient removal of peroxide might be responsible for the high rates of sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal damage in Bloom syndrome cells. (medscape.com)
Genotoxicity2
Evaluation of Ribavirin Genotoxicity with Sister Chromatid Exchange an" by ABDULGANİ TATAR, ZÜLAL ÖZKURT et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Genotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the changes in the mitotic index (MI) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). (tubitak.gov.tr)
Induction of sister2
The induction of sister chromatid exchanges in CHO cells was found to be equivocal (NTP TR343, 1989/Anderson et al. (europa.eu)
The induction of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human lypocytes was performed to evaluate mutagenic effects of these compounds. (bvsalud.org)
Mutagenic1
I am referring to taking fluoride internally, where it has been found to cause unscheduled DNA synthesis, sister chromatid exchanges and yes, mutagenic effects on the cells. (drkaslow.com)
Assay1
Further read-across information for sodium fluoride was also negative in an Ames test, Mammalian gene mutation assay and Chromatid Sister Exchange. (europa.eu)
Evidence indicates that, due to the special nearby relationship they share, sister chromatids are not only preferred over distant homologous chromatids as substrates for recombinational repair, but have the capacity to repair more DNA damage than do homologs. (wikipedia.org)
[ 7 , 8 ] Sister chromatid exchanges are considered a sensitive indicator for cell genome instability, as they are thought to be the outcome of DNA double-strand breaks resulting from homologous recombination repair. (medscape.com)
These common DSBs are for the most part easily repaired by a process called homologous recombination in which genetic information is exchanged between sister chromatids. (breastcenter.com)
Frequencies1
Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies have been studied in nine patients with multiple sclerosis and in nine age and sex matched healthy controls. (bmj.com)
Spontaneous1
Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange in multiple sclerosis. (bmj.com)
Genetic material1
Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is the exchange of genetic material between two identical sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
Pathway1
Peacock), indicates that inter-sister recombination occurs frequently during meiosis, and up to one-third of all recombination events occur between sister chromatids, although mainly by a pathway that does not involve Holliday junction intermediates. (wikipedia.org)
Cells1
Two sister chromatide exchange assays, one conducted similar to the OECD guideline 479 protocol, were positive in chinese hamster ovary cells at concentrations of 0.1 or 5 -150 µg/mL. (europa.eu)
Effects1
The effects of cadmium (Cd) on antioxidant responses and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were studied in Vicia faba L. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and the levels of ascorbate (ASC), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde (MDA, indicator of lipid peroxidation) were measured. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Repair2
During oogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans the sister chromatid, or even the same DNA molecule, can serve as a meiotic repair template for both crossover and non-crossover recombination. (wikipedia.org)
For DNA double strand breaks induced throughout meiotic prophase I, the sister or intra-chromatid substrate is available as a recombinational repair partner. (wikipedia.org)
Method2
It was first discovered by using the Giemsa staining method on one chromatid belonging to the sister chromatid complex before anaphase in mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
The FPC method has been modified and improved allowing sister chromatid differential staining in a fraction of the time of published methods. (soton.ac.uk)
Breaks1
During meiosis double-strand breaks (DSBs) that form within such polymorphic regions must be repaired by inter-sister chromatid exchange, rather than by inter-homolog exchange. (wikipedia.org)
Damage1
Researchers suggest that these exchanges may be a response to DNA damage during the copying process. (medlineplus.gov)
Study1
A molecular-level study of recombination during budding yeast meiosis has shown that recombination events initiated by DSBs in regions that lack corresponding sequences in the non-sister homolog are efficiently repaired by inter-sister chromatid recombination. (wikipedia.org)
Process1
The BLM protein helps to prevent excess sister chromatid exchanges and is also involved in other processes that help maintain the stability of the DNA during the copying process. (medlineplus.gov)