• The History and Evolution of Surgical Instruments in Thoracic Surgery. (bvsalud.org)
  • The global hand-held surgical instruments market size was estimated at USD 5.48 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.3% from 2023 to 2030. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The U.S. ophthalmic handheld surgical instruments market size was valued at USD 735.2 million in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.8% from 2023 to 2030. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The global minimally invasive surgical instruments market size was valued at US$ 6.90 billion in 2022 and it is expected to hit US$ 19.33 billion by 2032, poised to grow at a CAGR of 10.90% from 2023 to 2032. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • Nearness of colossal populace experiencing surgeries, expanding number of geriatric populace, rising mindfulness among the doctors about cutting edge surgical innovations and instruments, expanding interest for minimally invasive surgical instruments, and developing government activity to decrease the human services use are driving the growth of minimally invasive surgical instruments market in Asia-Pacific. (emailwire.com)
  • Nonetheless, high cost of cutting edge surgery innovations, shortage of minimal invasive surgery experts, and low reception of cutting edge advancements are limiting the growth of minimally invasive surgical instruments market in Asia-Pacific. (emailwire.com)
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Instruments Market is geographically segmented in regions of Asia Pacific, Latin America, North America, Europe and Middle East and Africa. (emailwire.com)
  • The minimally invasive surgical instruments market in this region is expanding due to the growing prevalence of various kind of disorders. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • In addition, adoption of innovative technologies is also driving the growth of minimally invasive surgical instruments market in North America region. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • China and Japan dominate the minimally invasive surgical instruments market in Asia-Pacific region. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • The factors such as rapid urbanization, growing geriatric population, and growing trend of medical tourism are boosting the growth of minimally invasive surgical instruments market in this region. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • In addition, the increase in healthcare expenditure is paving way for the expansion of Asia-Pacific minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • In addition, the growing prevalence of chronic disorders is also driving the growth of the global minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • This is directly impacting the expansion of global minimally invasive surgical instruments market over the forecast period. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • The impact of the coronavirus outbreak on the growth of global minimally invasive surgical instruments market was quite negative. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • Thus, the growing number of vaccinations had negative outlook on the expansion of global minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • The major market players are adopting marketing strategies for the development of global minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • The key strategies such as new product launch, mergers, collaborations, and acquisitions are creating market position for market players in global minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • The growth of global minimally invasive surgical instruments market is attributed to the growing research and development initiatives for the launch of new minimally invasive surgical instruments in the global market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • All of these aforementioned factors are boosting the growth of the global minimally invasive surgical instruments market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • Shop our surgical instrument catalog of cutting blades, handles, scalpels, surgical trays and over 4,000 forceps for a variety of needs and uses, available in a variety of materials including coated stainless steel and titanium. (mckesson.com)
  • Healthcare facilities (e.g., hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, clinics, and doctors' offices) that utilize reusable medical devices are urged to immediately review current reprocessing practices at their facility to ensure they (1) are complying with all steps as directed by the device manufacturers, and (2) have in place appropriate policies and procedures that are consistent with current standards and guidelines. (cdc.gov)
  • Electrosurgery instruments are becoming popular among veterinary surgeons owing to their inherent features, such as easy handling, high accuracy, and rapid healing, by employing electrode pencils in performing sensitive surgical procedures on innate organs. (credenceresearch.com)
  • The veterinary surgical instruments market is expected to grow from US$ 728.5 million in 2017 to US$ 1,336.9 million by 2026, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0% from 2018 to 2026. (credenceresearch.com)
  • In the veterinary surgical instruments market, handheld devices are the dominant product segment. (credenceresearch.com)
  • In the present scenario, dental surgery dominates the application segment of the veterinary surgical instruments market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • North America currently represents 40% of the regional segment of the veterinary surgical instruments market. (credenceresearch.com)
  • Some surgical instruments are designed for general use in all sorts of surgeries, while others are designed for only certain specialties or specific procedures. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the 1900s, inventions of aseptic surgeries (maintenance of sterile conditions through good hygiene procedures) on the basis of existing antiseptic surgeries (sterilization of tools before, during, and after surgery) led to the manifestations of sale and use of instrument sterilizers, sterile gauze, and cotton. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Midas Rex™ MR7™ high-speed pneumatic drills offer more power and performance* for spine, cranial, ENT, orthopedic and other surgical procedures. (medtronic.com)
  • The Midas Rex Legend EHS Stylus High-Speed Surgical Drill offers high-torque in a compact size, making it suited for a wide range of surgeries, including spine, neurotology, and ENT procedures. (medtronic.com)
  • The Stealth-Midas™ is a high-speed drill with a permanently attached tracker that allows for intraoperative navigation of spinal procedures using the StealthStation surgical navigation system. (medtronic.com)
  • As a result of the CPI investigation , NBC News Chief Medical Editor Dr. Nancy Snyderman took a closer look at the wide range of instruments used during surgical procedures and the care with which they are handled. (today.com)
  • The healthcare guidelines led by the authorities suggested postponement of elective surgical procedures in order to avoid any potential compromise on hospital and intensive care unit capacity and shortages in personal protective equipment . (grandviewresearch.com)
  • However, with the situation finally being under control in second half of the pandemic, hospitals and other settings started performing surgical procedures in full volume. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Significant backlogs in surgical procedures and increasing demand for elective surgeries is further expected to surge the demand for hand-held surgical instruments market. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Increasing number of surgical procedures along with growing demand for aesthetic surgeries is another driver of the hand-held surgical instruments market. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Procedures, such as breast surgery, eyelid, liposuction, nose reshaping, tummy tuck surgeries have been witnessing high demand in over the past few years, which is propelling the uptake of hand-held surgical instruments, thereby driving the market. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The general surgery devices market covers wide-ranging devices used in diagnostic and surgical procedures primarily for the gastrointestinal tract, abdomen, and pelvis. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Surgical Energy Instruments are frequently used during surgical operations helping to prevent blood loss in hospital for inpatient and outpatient procedures. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • It has two 5 mm ports, as well as 10 mm, 12 mm, and 15 mm instrument ports, enabling major colorectal procedures to be performed. (olympus.no)
  • Due to benefits of minimally invasive surgical procedures such as fewer serious operative and post operative problems and quicker recovery times are driving the demand for minimally invasive surgical instruments in the global market. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • it is gas-tight, allowing a range of three-instrument surgical procedures to be performed. (olympus.pl)
  • Surgical instruments are used to perform various medical procedures, and they come into contact with the patient's body tissues. (sivuille.net)
  • Classification of surgical instruments helps surgeons to understand the functions and purposes of the instruments. (wikipedia.org)
  • The technology uses near infrared (NIR) light to allow surgeons to more clearly visualize surgical tools inside the stomach. (pr.com)
  • Growing innovations in the surgical instruments and increasing adoption of advanced devices by surgeons is also predicted to drive the hand-held surgical instruments market over the forecast period. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Surgeons are constantly focusing on using superior quality instruments that would allow them to perform surgeries smoothly and speedily with no compromise on the patient's health. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • For example, Fujifilm Medical Systems USA Inc. introduced its ELUXEO surgical system in July 2020, which combines the company's endoscopic and minimally invasive surgeries and allows surgeons to perform all type of endoscopic surgeries from a single component with improved visualization. (precedenceresearch.com)
  • Surgical personnel such as surgeons, nurses, surgical technicians, and anesthesiologists are at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens if they receive a percutaneous injury (a penetrating injury to the skin) from sharp surgical instruments. (cdc.gov)
  • Studies have shown that the use of blunt-tip suture needles results in substantial reduction or elimination of injuries to surgical personnel with minimal adverse effects on patient care and a general acceptance by participating surgeons. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2005, the American College of Surgeons (ACS) issued a statement supporting universal adoption of blunt-tip suture needles for suturing fascia and encouraging further investigation of their appropriate use in other surgical applications. (cdc.gov)
  • For this purpose the access diameter had to be reduced and the degrees of freedom of movement of the instruments had to be improved to meet the requirements of laparoscopic surgery. (sages.org)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the hand-held surgical instruments market. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • According to a new report, published by KBV research, The Global Hand-held Surgical Instruments Market size is expected to reach $8.9 billion by 2030, rising at a market growth of 6.7% CAGR during the forecast period. (kbvresearch.com)
  • The Hospitals segment is leading the Global Hand-held Surgical Instruments Market by End-use in 2022 thereby, achieving a market value of $5.8 billion by 2030. (kbvresearch.com)
  • We pride ourselves on providing top of the line instruments for a wide variety of surgical specialties. (medicalsupplygroup.com)
  • We have run up to the current time 15 cholecystectomies completely with the new instruments without additional trocars through the umbilical access. (sages.org)
  • Dr Griffiths added that staff at the hospital where the baby was born had followed proper procedure, removing the surgical instruments from use as soon as the mother's condition was known. (rense.com)
  • These workers can be a forgotten and neglected part of the team involved in a surgical procedure. (today.com)
  • Surgical instruments are essential tools that play a vital role in any surgical procedure. (sivuille.net)
  • By following these steps, surgical instruments can be properly cleaned and inspected before surgery, ensuring they are safe and effective to use during the procedure. (sivuille.net)
  • The increasing prevalence of eye disease, favorable government policies, and improving eye care infrastructure to control the burden of eye diseases are the major factors boosting the growth of the ophthalmic handheld surgical instruments market in the U.S. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Thus, leading to a rise in demand for ophthalmic handheld surgical instruments. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The abovementioned statistics represent the overall eye disease burden in the U.S., contributing to the growing demand for ophthalmic handheld surgical instruments. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The scissors segment is expected to undergo maximum growth over the forecast period as it is the most found instrument in the kit while conducting ocular surgeries.A regular surgical kit consists of three to six different types of ophthalmic scissors, especially for trabeculectomy and extracapsular cataract extraction. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Increased availability of surgical instruments to perform complex surgeries, presence of skilled staff, well-equipped emergency care departments, a large number of ophthalmic hospitals in the U.S., and heavy funding to improve infrastructure are certain factors responsible for its large segment share. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • Discover the John Weiss range of ophthalmic surgical instrumentation on Device Online. (device.com.au)
  • HealthTrust Purchasing Group, L.P. has awarded purchasing agreements to PREZIO Health, previously OnSite Services, establishing PREZIO as a contracted provider of endoscopic equipment and surgical instrument repair services for HealthTrusts 1,400 acute-care members, as well as alternate-care facilities, surgery centers and physician practices. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • PREZIO Health will partner with HealthTrust hospitals, providing first-rate services for surgical instrument and endoscopic equipment repair. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • About 25 years ago the technique of Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) was developed in which one angled lens and three surgical instruments can be inserted into the rectum through a 40 mm operating rectoscope. (sages.org)
  • Because Mad Cow/CJD prions can withstand temperatures of approximately 1,000 F, the era of being able to adequately sterilize reusable medical/dental surgical instruments with current technology such as an autoclave is now past. (rense.com)
  • It is now believed the germ can survive the sterilization of surgical instruments. (rense.com)
  • Griffiths said the fact there was as yet no clear proof CJD could survive sterilization on the instruments -- used between October 26 last year and January 29 this year -- meant it would be irresponsible to warn the women who may potentially have contracted it. (rense.com)
  • As the CPI report indicates, the sterilization workers say they feel more like they're doing an unrecognized service, with pressure from nurses and surgical staff to make the process as fast as possible. (today.com)
  • JorVet instrument guards are designed to protect valuable instrument tips from damage during sterilization and handling. (pattersonvet.com)
  • Workers may be exposed to ethylene oxide during sterilization of a variety of items such as medical equipment and products (e.g., surgical instruments, single-use medical devices), disposable health-care products, pharmaceutical and veterinary products, food, spices, and animal feed. (cdc.gov)
  • Other investigations in hospitals across the country have revealed the use of other dirty surgical instruments, such as endoscopes used for colonoscopies, have led to infection outbreaks. (today.com)
  • What NBC found suggests that the handling of the increasingly high-tech instruments can be a weak link in hospitals' patient safety net. (today.com)
  • For almost 50 years, Surgical Instrument Service Company, Inc. (SIS) has been providing superior products and services to hospitals and healthcare facilities across the country. (ziprecruiter.com)
  • With one of the largest catalogs of medical, surgical, and diagnostic supplies available online, Medex Supply can provide your facility with all the medical equipment necessary to ensure a healthy, safe, and sterile environment. (medexsupply.com)
  • A surgical instrument is a medical device for performing specific actions or carrying out desired effects during a surgery or operation, such as modifying biological tissue, or to provide access for viewing it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented and some have been repurposed as medical knowledge and surgical practices have developed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medical Technology company, Endolumik, launches sales of "Safer Technology" surgical device with Nebraska Medicine Bariatrics Center. (pr.com)
  • We are calling for new universal sterile health precautions and policies requiring that ALL invasive medical, surgical, and dental instruments and devices may be used one time, and one time only, after which they must be discarded safely and appropriately. (rense.com)
  • Steris, a medical device company, has completed its acquisition of medical technology company Becton, Dickinson and Co.'s surgical instrumentation platform in a $540 million deal. (beckersasc.com)
  • At Online medical Supply we offer a wide range of surgical and examination instruments for middle and inner. (onlinemedicalsupply.com)
  • Chungwoo Co., Ltd. is the Manufacturer and General Distributor of Electro Medical/Beauty Instruments in Korea. (ecplaza.net)
  • Therefore, the mix required to make quality medical instruments is very specific and has well defined parameters. (kentscientific.com)
  • At McKesson Medical-Surgical, we have a vast selection of medical, surgical instruments and cryosurgical supplies from leading national brands such as Miltex, Sklar and Covidien, in addition to our own private label, McKesson Brands. (mckesson.com)
  • Whether you are a medical professional or simply interested in learning more about the proper care of surgical instruments, this article has something for everyone. (sivuille.net)
  • WestCMR" and "WestCMR Surgical Surplus Marketplace" are trademarks of West Coast Medical Resources, LLC. (westcmr.com)
  • EcoZyme Ultra is an extremely effective multi-enzymatic surgical instrument cleaning solution for cleaning metal, plastic, dental, and veterinarian surgical instrumentation including flexible & rigid endoscopes. (southmedic.com)
  • EcoZyme ULTRA is effective in removing stubborn bioburden, debris and organic/inorganic soil from all materials including: surgical instrumentation, endoscopes, plastic, rubber, and lenses. (southmedic.com)
  • The departments responsible for cleaning and reassembling surgical instruments -- usually known as "sterile processing" -- are frequently found in hospital basements and sometimes staffed by underpaid hourly laborers. (today.com)
  • Thus, increase in geriatric population is expected to boost the demand for handheld surgical equipment. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • In addition, increase in the number of road accidents is one of the high-impact rendering factors leading to increase in the demand for handheld surgical instruments. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • The BASi® basic surgical instrument kit includes a collection of surgical instruments, recommended suture materials, and other small items used in general small animal surgery (vascular surgery, stereotaxic surgery, etc. (basinc.com)
  • In October 2007, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) together released a Safety and Health Information Bulletin titled Use of Blunt-Tip Suture Needles to Decrease Percutaneous Injuries to Surgical Personnel . (cdc.gov)
  • The Bulletin emphasizes that sharp-tip suture needles are the leading source of percutaneous injuries to surgical personnel, causing 51%-77% of these incidents. (cdc.gov)
  • Hence wound infection remained one of the major obstacles to progress in surgery until the development and general acceptance of antisepsis and aseptic surgical techniques. (bvsalud.org)
  • Also note the recent surgical scar, containing implanted (totally internal) sutures, as well as the electrocardiograph (ECG) pad, a totally external device. (medscape.com)
  • Ortho Development Corporation, a designer and producer of orthopedic implants and instruments for hip and knee joint replacement surgery announces a distribution partnership with Naviswiss, a Swiss-based technology company. (pr.com)
  • Additionally, modest surgical instruments are embedded through different openings keeping in mind the end goal to attempt the surgery. (emailwire.com)
  • To ensure the success of the operation and the safety of the patient, it is crucial to properly care for these instruments before, during, and after surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • In this article, we will discuss the best practices for maintaining and cleaning surgical instruments to ensure they are in optimal condition for use during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Instruments that are not properly cared for can become damaged or worn out, which can lead to malfunctions during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Key takeaway: Proper care of surgical instruments is essential to ensure patient safety, prevent infection, maintain instrument quality and longevity, and ensure compliance with proper instrument care before, during, and after surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Before surgery, it is essential to properly clean and inspect surgical instruments to ensure they are safe and effective to use. (sivuille.net)
  • Proper packaging of surgical instruments is crucial to ensure their safety and effectiveness during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Proper labeling of surgical instruments is essential to avoid confusion and errors during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • This information helps to identify the instrument quickly and easily during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • In summary, packaging and labeling of surgical instruments are critical steps in ensuring their proper care before surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Using appropriate packaging materials and clearly labeling the instruments can help to prevent damage and errors during surgery. (sivuille.net)
  • Most importantly, instruments were advanced to be readily and effectively sterilized by replacing wooden and ivory handles with metals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The surgical energy instruments market in China can expand or contract due to a variety of reasons including population demographics, disease incidence and prevalence, macroeconomic issues, and geopolitical considerations. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Due to its complex machining and finishing processes, titanium instruments tend to be more expensive. (kentscientific.com)
  • New research finds that too often, surgical tools are leaving the basements still contaminated with hidden blood, tissue and other debris from previous surgeries. (today.com)
  • One such innovative surgical instrument is technologically improved powered screwdriver specially designed for extremely sensitive surgeries. (grandviewresearch.com)
  • In resource-constrained settings where there is paucity of needed equipment and cost is prohibitive, a method utilizing fewer instruments will be useful.Aim:This study aims to describe a method of primary trocar introduction that utilizes any available port.Methods:A supra- or infra-umbilical incision is made into an everted tubular umbilicus. (bvsalud.org)
  • The HiQ+ needle holders are a versatile series of surgical instruments designed to meet the highest expectations in terms of functionality, ergonomics, and reprocessing. (olympus.no)
  • Our concentrated formula reduces the time required to remove bio-burden from instruments, eliminating the need for both excessive brushing and stain removers. (southmedic.com)
  • Over time, many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two waves in history contributed significantly to the development of surgical tools. (wikipedia.org)
  • Below is a brief history of the inventors and tools created for five commonly used surgical tools. (wikipedia.org)
  • We offer a comprehensive selection of interchangeable attachments and tools for use with electric and pneumatic Midas Rex surgical drills. (medtronic.com)
  • The Onsite Surgical Instrument Repair Technician will be responsible for repairing and refurbishing a full range of surgical instruments according to industry best practices, and manufacturer and company specifications using a company-owned mobile lab. (ziprecruiter.com)
  • To help you care for your instruments, our selection of instrument solutions , disinfectants, care kits, cleaning units and more can help you maintain proper sanitation levels, ensuring the comfort and safety of your patients. (mckesson.com)
  • So, let's dive in and explore the world of surgical instrument care! (sivuille.net)
  • Proper instrument care is essential to ensure patient safety. (sivuille.net)
  • Proper instrument care is also important in preventing infections. (sivuille.net)
  • Proper instrument care is also essential in maintaining the quality and longevity of the instruments. (sivuille.net)
  • In addition, poorly maintained instruments can become difficult to clean and sterilize, which can lead to a cycle of poor care and increased risk of infection. (sivuille.net)
  • Albucasis, a pioneer of modern medicine, devised numerous hooks for surgical retraction including circumcisions, tracheostomies, hemorrhoidectomies, and central extractions in his famous book Al Tasreef Liman 'Ajaz 'Aan Al-Taleef around 1000 AD. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sklar's Surgical Instruments are manufactured with German stainless steel. (dremed.com)
  • The surgical instrument are of the highest quality made from German grade stainless steel and designed to meet the exacting standards required in a surgical setting. (onlinemedicalsupply.com)
  • The more chromium used in making stainless steel, the softer the alloy becomes, which is undesirable in the manufacturing of surgical instruments. (kentscientific.com)
  • The objective of this study is to determine the resistance to autoclaving, corrosion and thermal exposure of the surgical instruments (dental burs) made of stainless steel. (bvsalud.org)
  • EcoZyme ULTRA helps protect against corrosion by removing debris and neutralizing harmful substances, leaving your instruments in great condition for longer. (southmedic.com)
  • Check the instruments for any signs of damage, such as rust, corrosion, or cracks. (sivuille.net)
  • Injury to nearby organs or tissues from surgical instruments. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A packer and excavator is a specially designed double-ended surgical instrument. (germedusa.com)
  • Safe for technicians and for instruments, EcoZyme ULTRA is a Neutral pH, non-hazardous, non-corrosive, non-toxic formulation. (southmedic.com)
  • EcoZyme ULTRA provides a powerful cleaning solution without the use of harsh chemicals, creating a safe cleaning environment for both technicians and your surgical instruments. (southmedic.com)
  • Choose EcoZyme ULTRA for your surgical instrument cleaning needs and enjoy peace of mind knowing your technicians are safe, and your instruments are in the best possible condition. (southmedic.com)
  • Additionally, the labels should be placed in a visible location on the instrument, such as the handle or body. (sivuille.net)
  • Additionally, the industry expansion is anticipated to be fueled by the accessibility of all varieties of surgical devices and qualified specialists. (kbvresearch.com)
  • Our objective with this type of partnership is to help HealthTrust member facilities avoid the clinical and financial risks associated with poor quality instrument and scope maintenance and repair, says Dennis Streppa, president and CEO of PREZIO Health. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • In the late 19th century, Nicholas Senn, an early adopter of Listerism, felt that having a smooth surface on a surgical instrument was important to help to prevent infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Basic energy instruments include monopolar instruments and bipolar instruments. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Award-winning design puts the control firmly in the surgeon's hands with HiQ+ monopolar hand instruments, while strong, precise control is maintained during frequently changing surgical needs and variable patient anatomies. (olympus.no)
  • The HiQ+ bipolar series combines the safety benefits of bipolar technology with the precision and tactility of monopolar hand instruments. (olympus.no)
  • Endolumik, an innovator in minimally-invasive surgical devices, today announced its fluorescence guided Gastric Calibration Tube has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k) clearance. (pr.com)
  • Risk management clinical engineer Jahan Azizi at the University of Michigan ran a video camera through 350 suction instruments and found that all of them contained some kind of debris after they had been sterilized according to protocol. (today.com)
  • Meanwhile, commercially marketed instruments have proven the technical and clinical feasibility of the SPS concept. (sages.org)
  • After intensive testing in animal models, the instrument is in clinical trials. (sages.org)