Using tetrameric complexes of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I to identify antigen-specific T cells ex vivo, we observed high frequencies of circulating MelanA-specific, A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs) in seven of nine HLA-A*0201-positive individuals with vitiligo. (ox.ac.uk)
Finally, we observed that the A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs isolated from vitiligo patients expressed high levels of the skin homing receptor, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, which was absent from the CTLs seen in the single A*0201-positive normal control. (ox.ac.uk)
Target cells expressing single viral proteins were then used to identify the molecules recognized by cytotoxic Tlymphocytes (CTLS). (ox.ac.uk)
We have recently described clonally expanded circulating CD4 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in IgG4-RD that infiltrate affected tissues where they secrete interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1). (elsevierpure.com)
The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically susceptible to antigenic variation. (cdc.gov)
Although cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are thought to be involved in the control of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection, it has not been possible to demonstrate a direct relation between CTL activity and plasma RNA viral load. (ox.ac.uk)
The role of uncultured melanoma cells in the proliferation of autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was investigated. (johnshopkins.edu)
F ) Activation of immune response leads to differentiating CD8 + T lymphocytes into CTLs, capable of destroying virus-infected cells. (news-medical.net)
The T lymphocyte reponse, in particular that mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), is likely to be involved in determining the outcome of infection, although its overall role is not clear. (ox.ac.uk)
After virus infection, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) divide rapidly to eradicate the pathogen and prevent the establishment of persistence. (ox.ac.uk)
Tumor Cells1
Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) of cancer patients exhibit the ability to lyse tumor cells and this feature is of great importance for the control of the immune response against tumor onset and progression. (unife.it)
Antigen6
The small lymphocytes became hyperchromatic and enlarged 3 days after antigen administration, and pyanotic in 7 days, an effect enhanced by reserpine and LSD. (erowid.org)
Conservation of T cell receptor usage by HLA B27-restricted influenza-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes suggests a general pattern for antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted responses. (ox.ac.uk)
PBMC were incubated with noninfectious dengue 1 antigen (Ag)3 for 7 days, and were examined for dengue 1-specific cytotoxic activity. (umassmed.edu)
Using H-2Kd-restricted photoprobe-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones, which permit assessment of T cell receptor (TCR)-ligand interactions by TCR photoaffinity labeling, we observed that the efficiency of antigen recognition by CTL was critically dependent on the half-life of TCR-ligand complexes. (ox.ac.uk)
Most cytotoxic T cells express T-cell receptors (TCRs) that can recognize a specific antigen. (wikipedia.org)
Association of autoimmune pancreatitis with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients. (cdc.gov)
Epitopes3
Most influenza A virus-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes react with antigenic epitopes associated with internal virus determinants. (rupress.org)
Reliable predictions of Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes are essential for rational vaccine design. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the extent to which these proteins are targeted in natural HIV-1 infection as well as precise epitopes targeted by human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) remain to be defined. (ox.ac.uk)
Vitro5
Synergy among thymocytes and peripheral lymph node cells in the in vitro generation of lymphocytes cytotoxic to alloantigens. (ox.ac.uk)
We previously reported cytotoxic activity of dengue virus-specific CD4+ CD8- T cell clones established in long-term in vitro culture. (umassmed.edu)
Scholars@Duke publication: Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins. (duke.edu)
Estos linfocitos citotóxicos pueden generarse in vitro en cultivos mixtos de linfocitos (MLC, siglas en inglés), in vivo durante una reacción de injerto contra huésped (GVH, siglas en inglés), o después de la inmunización con un aloinjerto, célula tumoral o célula diana modificada químicamente o transformada por virus. (bvsalud.org)
These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. (bvsalud.org)
Clones5
Suboptimal Stimulation by Weak Agonist Epitope Variants Does Not Drive Dysfunction of HIV-1-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Clones. (aidshealth.org)
This paper shows that most murine (C57BL/6) influenza A virus-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones tested in limiting dilution did not react with the influenza A virus surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). (rupress.org)
Eight HLA B27-restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383-391-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural infection. (ox.ac.uk)
beta-chain variable-region usage was also conserved, with V beta 7 being used by five clones despite contributing less than 2% of peripheral blood lymphocyte V beta sequences of one individual studied. (ox.ac.uk)
We demonstrate that DEP-based devices can be used to manipulate CTL clustered to target cells with the aim to develop an efficient methodology to quantify CTL-mediated cytolysis and identification of CTL clusters or clones exhibiting high cytotoxic activity. (unife.it)
Proteins4
Identification of type-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to homologous viral proteins in laboratory workers accidentally infected with HIV-1. (jci.org)
Characterization of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against HIV-1 has been limited by the use of target cells expressing viral proteins from laboratory isolates of HIV-1. (jci.org)
These and more recent results with nonviral glycoproteins are consistent with the existence of a mechanism for degrading viral (and perhaps host) proteins and exposing them at the cell surface for recognition by cytotoxic T cells in association with class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. (ox.ac.uk)
The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Tat and Rev are frequently targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes derived from HIV-1-infected individuals. (ox.ac.uk)
Viral5
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and viral turnover in HIV type 1 infection. (ox.ac.uk)
Quantitation of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and plasma load of viral RNA. (ox.ac.uk)
We conclude that after vaccination, antibody-forming cells arise and provide specific anti-viral antibody and that the cytotoxic cells detected in this reaction are K cells. (silverchair.com)
Migration of cytotoxic lymphocytes in cell cycle permits local MHC I-dependent control of division at sites of viral infection. (ox.ac.uk)
Human Lymphocytes2
Here we demonstrate that disrupting the CD6-CD318 axis with UMCD6, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody , prolongs survival of mice in xenograft models of human breast and prostate cancer , treated with infusions of human lymphocytes . (bvsalud.org)
Özgür M, Gül Yılmaz Ş, Uçar A, Yılmaz S. Cytotoxic Effects of Bisphenol A as an Endocrine Disruptor on Human Lymphocytes. (ac.ir)
Cells21
Inflammation and endothelial injury were assessed in selected samples by immunostaining for CD8 T cells, activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
Host endothelial cells are a target of alloreactive donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or cells that are damaged in other ways. (wikipedia.org)
CD8+ T cells are recognized as TC cells once they become activated and are generally classified as having a pre-defined cytotoxic role within the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Activation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Through CD6 Enhances Killing of Cancer Cells. (bvsalud.org)
CD6, expressed by T-lymphocytes and human NK cells , engages in cell - cell interactions by binding to its ligands CD166 ( ALCAM ) and CD318 (CDCP1). (bvsalud.org)
Analysis of tumor -infiltrating immune cells showed that augmentation of lymphocyte cytotoxicity by UMCD6 is due to effects of this antibody on NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells . (bvsalud.org)
Compared with HCs, the "Skyblue module", which contains genes related to cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells, was critically downregulated in both MIS-C and KD patients. (mit.edu)
Based on this analysis, the authors misleadingly conclude that MIS-C and KD may share a similar etiology, and both diseases are associated with the downregulation of cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells responses. (mit.edu)
We show that uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells of many patients contain cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that lyse target cells-at plausible peripheral blood mononuclear cell-to-target ratios-with half-lives of less than 1 day. (ox.ac.uk)
Specific adsorption of cytotoxic thymus-processed lymphocytes (t cells" by P Golstein, E A. Svedmyr et al. (jax.org)
Specific adsorption of cytotoxic thymus-processed lymphocytes (t cells) on glutaraldehyde-fixed fibroblast monolayers. (jax.org)
[ 7 ] Once EBV infection occurs, the virus persists in a person for life, latently in B-cell lymphocytes and chronically replicating in the cells of the oropharynx. (medscape.com)
G ) CD4 + T lymphocytes cells differentiate into Th1, which activates phagocytosis through NK cells and macrophages, promoting pathogen killing. (news-medical.net)
Their peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) harvested at different days after vaccination showed specific activity against target cells infected with vaccinia virus with a peak activity at day 7. (silverchair.com)
The specificity of the cytotoxic activity was not related to HLA markers, since autologous, homologous, and heterologous infected target cells were lysed with the same efficiency. (silverchair.com)
The cytotoxic activity was caused by PBL that did not rosette with sheep erythrocytes and could be depleted by more than 90 percent by removing Fc receptor-bearing cells. (silverchair.com)
If the collaborative requirement of Lyt 1 T helper cells is bypassed by the Lyt 1 T cell-derived mediator of T help, termed I1-2, upon antigenic stimulation, PNA + Lyt 123 thymocytes differentiate into either alloreactive or H-2-restricted PNA - Lyt 23 cytotoxic effector cells. (psu.edu)
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play a key role in the control of many virus infections, and the need for vaccines to elicit strong CD8+ T-cell responses in order to provide optimal protection in such infections is increasingly apparent. (bioskinrevive.com)
Quantifiable cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and HLA-related risk of progression to AIDS. (ox.ac.uk)
Population frequency of HLA types (or supertypes) and their capacity to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses are also negatively correlated. (ox.ac.uk)
Activation1
Thus, the CD6-CD318 axis can regulate the activation state of cytotoxic lymphocytes and their positioning within the tumor microenvironment . (bvsalud.org)
Autoimmune1
High frequency of skin-homing melanocyte-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmune vitiligo. (ox.ac.uk)
HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are believed to play a key part in the control of virus levels throughout HIV infection. (ox.ac.uk)
Together, these findings suggest dysregulated cytotoxic lymphocyte response to SARS-Cov-2 infection in MIS-C. (mit.edu)
Diseases1
Lymphocyte culture: The lymphocytes were taken from two male and female subjects, aged 24 and 25 years, respectively, who were healthy, non-alcoholic, drug-free and without a history of diseases and signed a written informed consent. (ac.ir)
Mice1
Tumor -infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes were found in higher proportions and were activated in UMCD6-treated mice compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)
Complement2
Designed for the microcytotoxicity assay, One Lambda cytotoxic controls are used to test various conditions including the viability of a lymphocyte preparation to the reactivity of complement. (vhbio.com)
Treatment of cultured PBMC with monoclonal antibody to CD3 or CD4 and complement abrogated the cytotoxic activity but treatment with a monoclonal antibody to CD8 and complement did not. (umassmed.edu)
Immunity1
These findings raise the possibility that milk contributes to mucosal immunity not only by furnishing antimicrobial molecules but also by policing the function of lymphocytes and epithelium. (lu.se)
Infections1
Vaccines which successfully protect against virus infections usually need to induce a broadly reactive immune response which includes the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (duke.edu)
MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)
Inflammatory1
The inflammagenic potential of the tested CNP was found to be as follows: GO>C60-TRIS>C60, as evidenced by accumulation of PMNs, macrophages and lymphocytes as well as changes in lung permeability and inflammatory cytokine profiles in the lungs on days 1 and 7 post exposure. (cdc.gov)
Effects1
Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2931 : Cytotoxic Effects Induced by Various Agents in Rat Thymus Lymphocytes. (erowid.org)
Patients2
We aimed to see whether vascular injury mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and microvessel loss arises in patients with chronic GVHD. (nih.gov)
Perivascular CD8 T cell infiltrates in skin correlated with vWF plasma concentrations in patients with GVHD (p=0.01), and activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and endothelial injury were present in these same samples. (nih.gov)
Response1
We find that the CTL response against HCV is vigorous in its early phases but dwindles over time both in terms of lymphocyte number and function. (ox.ac.uk)
Virus1
Why do cytotoxic T lymphocytes fail to eliminate hepatitis C virus? (ox.ac.uk)