• Enhancers are DNA sequences found in 5′ flanking regions of eukaryotic genes that affect transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Silencers are DNA sequences found in the 5′ flanking region of eukaryotic genes, assisting in the silencing of a gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The availability of multiple PAS in the same 3' regulatory region enables the inclusion or exclusion of 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) sequences, resulting in transcripts that may differ in particularities involving post-transcriptional processes such as stability, transport and translation ( Mayr, 2016 ), and even protein localization ( Berkovits and Mayr, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The non-coding regions downstream of coding sequences (CDS) is usually termed terminators. (frontiersin.org)
  • The fragment contains the transcribed region plus 11.5 kb 5'-flanking and 5.5 kb 3'-flanking sequences including all known cis-regulatory elements and the 5' and 3' attachment elements (A-elements) which define the borders of the DNase I sensitive chromatin domain. (eur.nl)
  • In addition, we sequenced 99 ospC flanking sequences from different lineages and compared the complete cp26 sequences of 11 strains as well as the cp26 bbb02 loci of 56 samples. (cdc.gov)
  • TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. (lookformedical.com)
  • The region of DNA which borders the 3' end of a transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located. (lookformedical.com)
  • Mycobacterium genus-specific primers derived from highly conserved sequences in the ITS region and the flanking 16S rRNA gene were used. (cdc.gov)
  • PI-2 is a 7-kb region located between the genes that in PI-2-containing isolates and the fi nding that isolates of encode peptidase T (PepT) and ferrochelatase (HemH) ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
  • all identifi ed serotypes expressed highly conserved PI-2 pili The region is composed of 5 genes, which encode 2 sur- supports their potential as a vaccine candidate. (cdc.gov)
  • The region included a high proportion of genes that did not show homology with genes in other bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The ~1.5 Mb candidate region was shown to contain five protein-coding genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2017). Promoter Variation and Expression Levels of Inflammatory Genes IL1A, IL1B, IL6 and TNF in Blood of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 (SCA3) Patients . (up.pt)
  • Over time, OspC genes were transferred between strains through recombinations involving the whole or parts of the gene and one or both flanks. (cdc.gov)
  • Acquisitions of OspC genes that are novel for the region confer to recipients unique identities to host immune systems and, presumably, selective advantage when immunity to existing types is widespread among hosts. (cdc.gov)
  • Transposition of this element into coding and regulatory regions of genes is responsible for many heritable diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • Flanking SNPs are Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that appear in the flanking region. (wikipedia.org)
  • gzipped]] text table including key columns (marker name, p-value and sample size) for up to ~3 million SNPs. (umich.edu)
  • 2012). Transcript Diversity of Machado-Joseph Disease Gene (ATXN3) Is Not Directly Determined by SNPs in Exonic or Flanking Intronic Regions . (up.pt)
  • However, the regions of each receptor that confer transcriptional potential remain poorly defined. (plos.org)
  • To understand how the B 1 and B 2 regions influenced the transcriptional functions of nuclear HER3, we performed cyclin D1 promoter-luciferase assays in which HER3 deleted of the B 1 and B 2 regions was severely hindered in regulating this promoter. (plos.org)
  • RAN-mediated pRb-inactivation induced securin upregulation, a putative E2F1 target, by inducing misregulation in chromatin remodeling in its promoter region, which led to transcriptional activation and subsequent development of chromosomal instability. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Search for any CsGDBgene or aligned sequence by ID or keyword , and download complete sequence or flanking 5' or 3' regions, exons, or introns (FASTA format). (plantgdb.org)
  • Sequence analysis tools accessed from the Genome Context View menu use the current genomic region as input. (plantgdb.org)
  • Sequence features in the 1 Mb region from map positions 64% to 92% of the genome. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • 2012). Sequence analysis of 5′ regulatory regions of the Machado-Joseph disease gene (ATXN3) . (up.pt)
  • If you have a sequence containing a complete gene, 5'- or 3'-exons, you can use gene structure prediction program FGENEH or exons recognition program FGENEH from the server. (bio.net)
  • The 5′ flanking region contains the promoter, and may contain enhancers or other protein binding sites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other promoter elements found in eukaryotic 5′ flanking regions include initiator elements, downstream core promoter element, CAAT box, and the GC box. (wikipedia.org)
  • If a transcription factor binds to an enhancer in a 5′ flanking region, the DNA strand bends in a way that the transcription factor that is bound to the enhancer can also bind the promoter of a gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is typically 10 nucleotides long, and is present -30 to -20 nucleotides upstream from the transcription start site, in the core promoter region. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polymorphisms in the 5′ flanking region of the gene coding for oxytocin have been linked to mutations in promoter function, ultimately leading to potential disorders related to altered oxytocin levels and functionality. (wikipedia.org)
  • Next, we identified full-length nuclear HER3 association and regulation of a 122 bp region of the cyclin D1 promoter. (plos.org)
  • This fusion protein gene was combined in a plasmid with the promoter and 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the polyhedrin gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • These elements may be found in both promoter and enhancer regions. (lookformedical.com)
  • Since the molecular mechanism underlying securin upregulation remains unclear, this study intended to investigate the association of securin upregulation with the Rb-E2F1 circuit and epigenetic histone (H3) modification patterns both globally and in the promoter region of the securin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ChIP-qPCR assays were performed to evaluate the recruitment of different histone modifications in the core promoter region of securin gene as well as its upstream and downstream regions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increased trimethylation of H3 lysine 4 and acetylation of H3 lysine 9 and 18 both globally and in the promoter region of the securin gene were observed by increasing the levels of lysine-N-methyltransferase 2A, lysine-acetyltransferase, EP-300 and PCAF after RAN treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ChIP-qPCR data revealed that the quantity of DNA fragments retrieved from the immunoprecipitated samples was maximum in the -83 to -192 region than further upstream and the downstream of the promoter for H3K4Me3, H3K9ac, H3K18ac and H3K9me3. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deletion of exon 3 should result in loss of function of the Slc39a8 gene by deleting the N-terminal part of the ZIP domain and the first 2 transmembrane domains, and by generating a frameshift from exon 3 to downstream exons (premature Stop codon in exon 4). (taconic.com)
  • Exons 2 and 3 have been flanked by loxP sites (size of loxP-flanked region: 1.5 kb). (taconic.com)
  • Deletion of exons 2 and 3 should result in in-frame splicing from exon 1 to exon 4 and in expression of a Pdcd1 protein lacking the ligand binding and transmembrane domain. (taconic.com)
  • Insertions and deletions in the 5′ flanking region of the insulin gene have been associated with type 2 diabetes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Amplicon dropouts can sometimes leave zero coverage regions where no in-read deletions were detected. (cdc.gov)
  • It can be useful to differentiate these regions from deletions in the amended consensus. (cdc.gov)
  • The SAM file is processed and deleted regions spanned by reads are restored to deletions. (cdc.gov)
  • The vector pSelAct-KO is a recombination based, markerless knockout system that uses dual selection to engineer seamless deletions of a region of interest, providing opportunities for repeated higher-order genetic knockouts. (biorxiv.org)
  • The remaining recombination sites are located in non-conserved regions of the genome. (taconic.com)
  • For any specified genomic region , download genomic DNA (FASTA format), all aligned/computed transcripts or proteins (FASTA format), or all genome annotations (GenBank, GFF3 or EMBL format). (plantgdb.org)
  • To specify the region to be plotted, you will have to specify the name of a key marker in the region (typically, as an rs-number), name a gene of interest or provide appropriate genome coordinates. (umich.edu)
  • The viral genome is located inside the capsid of the virion, having a positive-sense polarity and a long open reading frame, which is flanked by untranslated regions at the 5' and 3' ends. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The length of the human genome is about 3 billion base pairs. (lookformedical.com)
  • This RNA molecule of about 11k nucleotides in length encodes a polyprotein in a single open reading frame that is flanked by two non-coding regions (NCRs) located at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome. (slideshare.net)
  • The CAAT box is a crucial element of the 5′ flanking region of eukaryotic genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, the 5′ and 3′ UTRs flanking the coding region regulate mRNA translation, half-life, and subcellular localization [2]. (researchgate.net)
  • Traditionally, people in the northeastern region of India consume betel quid consisting of RAN, lime and a small portion of betel leaves without tobacco. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The latter region of NS proteins, at the C-terminal part of the polyprotein, has a great contribution in the RNA replication process. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 1999, PI-2-containing isolates were of the same serotypes kb genetic region present in 21%-27% of clinical isolates, but accounted for only 3.6% of all invasive isolates. (cdc.gov)
  • A genetic variant in buffalo OLR1 at position 8,232 in the 3′-UTR has been affected by fat content and yield in the Mehsana breed [13]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
  • 3 times) was negative for Mycobacterium thology results were available from those operations. (who.int)
  • Involvement of the perianal region in tu- men from the anal ulcer was positive for berculosis is a rare extrapulmonary form acid-fast bacilli and Mycobacterium tub of this disease. (who.int)
  • Specificity of the primers was verified using the MCC member species, 11 non-MCC RGM species, 3 slow-growing mycobacterial (SGM) species (two strains each), and 19 field isolates, including 18 MCC isolates (from in-use MWF) and one non-MCC isolate (from reverse osmosis water). (cdc.gov)
  • The region between yvsA (293°) and yvqA (289°) of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome has been sequenced within the framework of the B. subtilis 168 international sequencing programme. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • If you have a slow connection or would like to save time, you can upload results for a region or chromosome of interest only. (umich.edu)
  • Not to be confused with the 5′ untranslated region, this region is not transcribed into RNA or translated into a functional protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • An SNP within the exon and intron regions of the OLR1 gene is associated with phenotypic traits in cattle, according to Komisarek and Dorynek [6] and Fonseca et al . (researchsquare.com)
  • Besides recombinations with traces limited to the ospC gene itself, there was evidence of lateral gene transfers that involved (i) part of the ospC gene and one of the two flanks or (ii) the entire ospC gene and different lengths of both flanks. (cdc.gov)
  • The viral RNA helicases are attributed to the NS3 region of the viral polyprotein, and they are involved in duplex unwinding, during viral RNA replication. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the NAT2 coding region and a variant in the 3′ flanking region were analyzed in 290 unrelated Kyrgyz and 140 unrelated Romanians by SNP-specific PCR analysis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The A/C SNP in the 3′-UTR fragment of the OLR1 gene has been linked to lactational traits in Iranian Holstein cattle [15]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Physical examination revealed a moder- ate tenderness in the epigastric and right upper quadrant region. (who.int)
  • Flanks are percussed for costovertebral angle tenderness. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Only 3 presented a clinical picture of Löwenstein-Jensen medium later. (who.int)
  • Bacterial RNA polymerase binds to these regions to align itself and begin transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Q5U Hot Start High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase is a modified version of Q5 ® High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase, a novel thermostable DNA polymerase that possesses 3′ to 5′ exonuclease activity, and is fused to a processivity-enhancing Sso7d domain. (neb.com)
  • Exon 3 has been flanked by loxP sites (size of loxP-flanked region: 1.4 kb). (taconic.com)
  • Vav3 contains a calponin homology (CH) domain, an acidic domain (AC), the Dbl homology (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains which are common to all Rho GEFs, an atypical cysteine-rich zinc finger (C1) domain, a proline rich domain, a Src homology-2 (SH2) domain, and two Src homology-3 (SH3) domains flanking the single SH2 region. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Classically, HER family members function from the cell surface, where binding to cognate ligands can induce receptor homo- or hetero-dimerization with other HER family receptors [3] . (plos.org)
  • Direct evidence for the presence of these viruses in human genital tumours is the finding that a small proportion (about 10%) retain fragments of virus DNA from different regions of the virus genomes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • 2012). Glucocerebrosidase gene variants in parkinsonian patients with Machado Joseph/spinocerebellar ataxia 3 . (up.pt)
  • from Madagascar, 14% of 64 patients with Abdominal sonography showed mul- extrapulmonary tuberculosis had tubercular tiple lymphadenopathies in the para-aor- anal fistula [ 3 ]. (who.int)
  • Prediction is performed by linear discriminant function combining characteristics describing donor and acceptor splice sites, 5'- and 3'-intron regions and also coding region for each open reading frames flanked by GT and AG base pairs. (bio.net)
  • These analyses identified a bipartite region of 34 (B 1 ) and 27 (B 2 ) amino acids in length that conferred the majority of HER3's transactivation potential. (plos.org)
  • Method description: ********************** The method is based on the discriminant analysis of open reading frames flanked by GT and AG base pairs. (bio.net)
  • Next, nine HER3-CTD truncation mutants were constructed to map minimal regions of transactivation potential using the Gal4 UAS-luciferase based system. (plos.org)
  • Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) Abdominal aortic diameter ≥ 3 cm typically constitutes an abdominal aortic aneurysm. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Spliced alignment of user-specified transcript datasets to genomic DNA from any region in CsGDB. (plantgdb.org)
  • Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 49 (3), 539 - 543. (up.pt)
  • The depending on the geographic region analyzed. (cdc.gov)
  • Three overlapping but distinct populations of B. burgdorferi corresponded to the geographic regions. (cdc.gov)
  • This gene encodes OLR1 protein and belongs to the C-type lectin family that functions to absorb and degrade low-density lipoproteins [5], which impacts energy balance, in turn influencing reproductive characteristics [3]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Mutational analysis revealed that only the C1 and DH domains are essential for Vav3 GEF activity with the C1 region being involved in binding with the GTPase substrate. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Lyme borreliosis is a vector-borne zoonosis with multiple reservoir hosts within sylvatic cycles in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Regions still containing the mask have zero coverage and are not necessarily due to deletion events. (cdc.gov)
  • MS is a heterogeneous disease but presentation of characteristic symptoms generally follow stages of neurological deficits (relapses) and these can be reversed during periods of total or partial recovery (remissions) [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
  • A 12 base pair insertion in the 5′ flanking region of the Cystatin B gene has been linked to some individuals with Unverricht-Lundborg disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • In most cases, the syndrome is due to a 3 million base pair (Mb) deletion on the chromosomal region 22q11.2 that is flanked by low copy number repeats. (cdc.gov)
  • Annals of Human Biology, 38 (3), 354 - 359. (up.pt)
  • Human Heredity, 60 (3), 156 - 163. (up.pt)
  • These regions primarily function in the regulation of gene transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polymorphisms in this region can lead to changes in the regulation of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • A specific transcription factor called CAAT-binding protein binds to this region and aids in transcription in eukaryotes. (wikipedia.org)
  • To accomplish this goal, various intracellular regions of HER3 were fused to the DNA binding domain of the yeast transcription factor Gal4 (Gal4DBD) and tested for their ability to transactivate Gal4 UAS-luciferase. (plos.org)
  • You can upload summary results of your own genomewide scan or genomewide meta-analysis and request plots of regions of interest using a web-based form. (umich.edu)
  • In a sample of mouse spinal cord, it was shown that neural tracts derived with SAXS-TT reflect the neural tracts more accurately than the ones derived from diffusion MRI, which is the current method of choice for the 3-dimensional mapping of neural tracts. (stanford.edu)
  • In eukaryotes, the 5′ flanking region has a complex set of regulatory elements such as enhancers, silencers, and promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • The silkworm larvae infected with the recombinant virus produced 3·6 mg of the fusion protein per larva and the infected BM-N cells produced 0·3 mg per ml of culture. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • At age 3, the patient had kyphosis, and an abnormal gait was present by age 5. (medscape.com)
  • This allows for multiplexed imaging, where CNS and PNS myelin signals could be analyzed separately enabling the first 3-dimensional rendering of their transition areas between the central and peripheral nervous system, revealing a ball-socket fit. (stanford.edu)