Molecular analysis of a bifunctional fatty acid conjugase/desaturase from tung. Implications for the evolution of plant fatty acid diversity. (1/10)
The seed oil derived from the tung (Aleurites fordii Hemsl.) tree contains approximately 80% alpha-eleostearic acid (18:3delta(9cis,11trans,13trans)), an unusual conjugated fatty acid that imparts industrially important drying qualities to tung oil. Here, we describe the cloning and functional analysis of two closely related Delta(12) oleate desaturase-like enzymes that constitute consecutive steps in the biosynthetic pathway of eleostearic acid. Polymerase chain reaction screening of a tung seed cDNA library using degenerate oligonucleotide primers resulted in identification of two desaturases, FAD2 and FADX, that shared 73% amino acid identity. Both enzymes were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Bright-Yellow 2) cells, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that FADX was expressed exclusively within developing tung seeds. Expression of the cDNAs encoding these enzymes in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that FAD2 converted oleic acid (18:1delta(9cis)) into linoleic acid (18:2delta(9cis,12cis)) and that FADX converted linoleic acid into alpha-eleostearic acid. Additional characterization revealed that FADX exhibited remarkable enzymatic plasticity, capable of generating a variety of alternative conjugated and delta(12)-desaturated fatty acid products in yeast cells cultured in the presence of exogenously supplied fatty acid substrates. Unlike other desaturases reported to date, the double bond introduced by FADX during fatty acid desaturation was in the trans, rather than cis, configuration. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that tung FADX is grouped with delta(12) fatty acid desaturases and hydroxylases rather than conjugases, which is consistent with its desaturase activity. Comparison of FADX and other lipid-modifying enzymes (desaturase, hydroxylase, epoxygenase, acetylenase, and conjugase) revealed several amino acid positions near the active site that may be important determinants of enzymatic activity. (+info)Novel targeting signals mediate the sorting of different isoforms of the tail-anchored membrane protein cytochrome b5 to either endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. (2/10)
Tail-anchored membrane proteins are a class of proteins that are targeted posttranslationally to various organelles and integrated by a single segment of hydrophobic amino acids located near the C terminus. Although the localization of tail-anchored proteins in specific subcellular compartments in plant cells is essential for their biological function, the molecular targeting signals responsible for sorting these proteins are not well defined. Here, we describe the biogenesis of four closely related tung (Aleurites fordii) cytochrome b5 isoforms (Cb5-A, -B, -C, and -D), which are small tail-anchored proteins that play an essential role in many cellular processes, including lipid biosynthesis. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays, we show that Cb5-A, -B, and -C are targeted exclusively to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas Cb5-D is targeted specifically to mitochondrial outer membranes. Comprehensive mutational analyses of ER and mitochondrial Cb5s revealed that their C termini, including transmembrane domains (TMD) and tail regions, contained several unique physicochemical and sequence-specific characteristics that defined organelle-specific targeting motifs. Mitochondrial targeting of Cb5 was mediated by a combination of hydrophilic amino acids along one face of the TMD, an enrichment of branched beta-carbon-containing residues in the medial portion of the TMD, and a dibasic -R-R/K/H-x motif in the C-terminal tail. By contrast, ER targeting of Cb5 depended primarily upon the overall length and hydrophobicity of the TMD, although an -R/H-x-Y/F- motif in the tail was also a targeting determinant. Collectively, the results presented provide significant insight into the early biogenetic events required for entry of tail-anchored proteins into either the ER or mitochondrial targeting pathways. (+info)Benefits and side effects of different vegetable oil vectors on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and P2X7 cell death receptor activation. (3/10)
PURPOSE: Ocular side effects in patients using eye drops may be due to intolerance to the vector used in eye drops. Castor oil is the commonly used lipophilic vector but has been shown to be cytotoxic. Effects on cells of four oils (olive, camelina, Aleurites moluccana, maize) were compared with those of castor oil in human conjunctival cells. METHODS: Human conjunctival cells were incubated with the oils for 15 minutes. After a 24-hour recovery period, cells were tested for viability, proliferation, apoptosis (P2X7 cell death receptor and caspase 3 activation), intracellular redox potential, and reactive oxygen species production. Fatty acid incorporation in cell membranes was also analyzed. In vivo ocular irritation was assessed using the Draize test. RESULTS: Compared to the four other oils, castor oil was shown to induce significant necrosis and P2X7 cell death receptor and caspase 3 activation and to enhance intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Aleurites moluccana and camelina oils were not cytotoxic and increased cell membrane omega-3 fatty acid content. None of the five tested oils showed any in vivo ocular irritation. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that castor oil exerts cytotoxic effects on conjunctival cells. This cytotoxicity could explain the side effects observed in some patients using eye drops containing castor oil as a vehicle. The lack of cytotoxic effects observed with the four other oils, Aleurites, camelina, maize, and olive, suggest that they could be chosen to replace castor oil in ophthalmic formulations. (+info)Tool use by wild New Caledonian crows Corvus moneduloides at natural foraging sites. (4/10)
(+info)The ecological significance of tool use in New Caledonian crows. (5/10)
(+info)The N termini of Brassica and tung omega-3 fatty acid desaturases mediate proteasome-dependent protein degradation in plant cells. (6/10)
The regulation of fatty acid desaturase activity in plants is important for determining the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of cellular membranes, which is often rapidly adjusted in plant cells in response to temperature change. Recent studies have demonstrated that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized omega-3 desaturases (Fad3s) are regulated extensively at the post-transcriptional level by both temperature-dependent changes in translational efficiency, as well as modulation of protein half-life. While the N-terminal sequences of Fad3 proteins were shown to contain information that mediates their rapid, proteasome-dependent protein turnover in both plant and yeast cells, it is currently unknown whether these sequences alone are sufficient to direct protein degradation. In this report, we fused the N-terminal sequences of two different Fad3 proteins to an ER-localized fluorescent protein reporter, consisting of the green fluorescent protein and the ER integral membrane protein cytochrome b5, and then measured (via microscopy) the degradation of the resulting fusion proteins in plant suspension-cultured cells relative to a second, co-expressed fluorescent reporter protein. Overall, the results demonstrate that the N-termini of both Fad3 proteins are sufficient for conferring rapid, proteasome-dependent degradation to an ER-bound marker protein. (+info)Expression of tung tree diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 in E. coli. (7/10)
(+info)Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and wound healing features in animal models treated with a semisolid herbal medicine based on Aleurites moluccana L. Willd. Euforbiaceae standardized leaf extract: semisolid herbal. (8/10)
(+info)Aleurites, in a medical context, refers to the tiny, sand-like particles found in the urine, which are composed of mineral crystals and occasionally, fragments of renal tubular epithelial cells, indicating some form of kidney disease or injury.
I am not aware of a medical definition for the term "Aleurites." The term Aleurites refers to a genus of plants in the euphorbiaceae family, also known as the candle nut tree or kukui nut tree. The seeds of this plant contain saponins and coumarin, which can have toxic effects if ingested. However, there is no commonly recognized medical definition associated with this term. If you are looking for information about a specific medical condition or treatment, I would be happy to help you with that.
Aleurites
Media related to Aleurites at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Aleurites at Wikispecies (Wikipedia articles incorporating a ... 1911). "Aleurites" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 543. "Aleurites moluccanus". ... Aleurites is a small genus of arborescent flowering plants in the Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1776. It is ... The name Aleurites is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἄλευρον meaning "wheaten flour" or "ground meal", because of the ...
Aleurites rockinghamensis
"Aleurites rockinghamensis (Baill.) P.I.Forst". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity ... Aleurites rockinghamensis, the candlenut, is a flowering tree in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae found in northeastern ...
Aleurites moluccanus
"Aleurites moluccana". African plants - a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. Aleurites moluccana usage ... Aleurites moluccanus, the candlenut, is a flowering tree in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, also known as candleberry, Indian ... It was renamed as Aleurites moluccana in 1805 by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in a later edition of Species Plantarum (Sp. Pl. 4: 590 ... While there are many online references to the name "Aleurites moluccana", this is not a name that is accepted by botanic ...
Imshaugia aleurites
It has been found growing on I. aleurites lichen thalli in Scotland and Maine. "Synonymy: Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S.L.F. Mey ... Imshaugia aleurites is widely distributed in Canada and the eastern United States, and grows in well-lit conifer forests on the ... Imshaugia aleurites, commonly known as the salted starburst lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. ... "Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S.L.F. Mey". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 11 June 2023. ...
List of honey plants
Aleurites fordii Hemsl. Croton floribundus Spreng. Croton macrobothrys Baill. Croton salutaris Casar. Dalechampia humilis Müll. ...
Imshaugia
... aleurites (Ach.) S.L.F.Mey. (1985) Imshaugia angustior (Nyl.) Sipman (2021) Imshaugia evernica (Elix & J.Johnst.) ... In a previous study of Parmeliopsis, Meyer noted a group of species (represented by P. aleurites and P. placorodia) that would ... The phycobiont in Imshaugia is green algae - Trebouxia in I. aleurites, and Myrmecia in I. placorodia. The thallus contains ... Imshaugia aleurites, is widely distributed in northern North America, having been recorded from the tree line in the Arctic ...
List of lichens of Maryland
Lendemer & Knapp (2007) - (4. Sharptown) Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S.F. Meyer [Parmeliaceae] Syn.: Parmeliopsis aleurites (Ach ...
Vernicia fordii
"Aleurites fordii Hemsl". Handbook of Energy Crops. Purdue University. 1997. Fairchild, David (1938). The World Was My Garden: ... "Aleurites fordii (Hemsl.) Airy Shaw". Medicinal Plant Images Database. School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University ... Apogee Components Condor: Glider using tung wood "Aleurites fordii". Florida Invasive Plant Education. University of Florida. ... Extracts of Aleurites fordii and its Diterpene Ester 12-O-Hexadecanoyl-16-hydroxyphorbol-13-acetate". Cancer Letters. 18 (1): ...
Jatropha
Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. (as J. moluccana L.) Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg. (as J. montana Willd.) ...
Hypomecis transcissa
Host plants include Aleurites species. "Species Details: Hypomecis transcissa Walker, 1860". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 17 ...
Xylinophylla hypocausta
The larvae feed on Aleurites moluccanus. Holloway, Jeremy Daniel. "Xylinophylla hypocausta Warren stat. rev". The Moths of ...
Candlenut oil
... or kukui nut oil is extracted from the nut of Aleurites moluccanus (Aleurites triloba), the candlenut or kuku'i. ... the oil of Aleurites cordata (now V. cordata) yields "Japanese tung oil". Thompson, Alice R. (1913), "Kukui (Candle-Nut) Oil", ... Aleurites, Triloba, Oil of., p.1556 Mindaryani, A.; Rahayu, S. S. (2010). "Epoxidation of candlenut oil". 2010 International ...
List of Stachys species
Stachys albotomentosa Ramamoorthy Stachys aleurites Boiss. & Heldr. Stachys alpigena T.C.E.Fr. Stachys alpina L. Stachys ...
List of Euphorbiaceae of South Africa
indigenous Genus Aleurites: Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. not indigenous, naturalised Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. var. ...
List of lichens of Soldiers Delight
8 January 1984) L-467 Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S.F. Meyer [EGW] Collected and identified by B. Ball and A. Norden; on scrub ... often grows with Imshaugia aleurites and Ahtiana aurescens. (9 March 1980) L-269 [EGW] Collected and identified by EGW; on bark ...
Conactiodoria
... aleurites Townsend, 1940 Conactiodoria aurea Townsend, 1934 Brazil. Townsend, C.H.T. (1934). "New Neotropical ...
Paleobiota of the London Clay
Urticaceae †Urticicarpum scutellum Euphorbiaceae - the spurge family Aleurites sp. Croton sp. Euphorbia sp. - similar to ...
List of culinary nuts
Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana), used in many South East Asian cuisines. Chestnuts (Castanea spp.) Chinese chestnuts (Castanea ...
Oxydema fusiforme
The other host plants include, Aleurites moluccana and Pandanus odorifer. It is also an intermediate host of the nematode, ...
Coconut crab
Aleurites moluccanus), drupes (Cocos nucifera) and seeds (Annona reticulata); and the pith of fallen trees. However, as they ...
Vernicia
The species have often been included within the related genus Aleurites. They are shrubs or trees growing to 20 m tall. The ...
Ascocoryne sarcoides
In Hawaii, it grows on trunks of fallen Cibotium and Aleurites trees. A. sarcoides occurs most frequently in late summer and ...
Flueggea neowawraea
Aleurites moluccanus), hame (Antidesma pulvinatum), ʻahakea (Bobea sp.), alaheʻe (Psydrax odorata), olopua (Nestegis ...
Mallotus peltatus
It was first described by Eduard Ferdinand Geiseler in 1807 as Aleurites peltatus. Mallotus peltatus is native to southeast ...
Dili
... and Aleurites moluccana. Eucalyptus alba is found in rocky areas, and palm and acacia trees are also found. The eucalyptus ...
Maurice Langeron
Le genre Aleurites Forst (Euphorbiacées) systématique, anatomie, pharmacologie, 1902 - The genus Aleurites (Euphorbiaceae); ...
Alloxylon flammeum
Here Alloxylon flammeum is found with such species as candlenut (Aleurites rockinghamensis), Argyrodendron spp., fishtail ...
Timor
Typical trees of the lowland slopes include Sterculia foetida, Calophyllum teysmannii and Aleurites moluccanus. During the ...
Tubuai tropical moist forests
Montane forests on Tubuai include the trees Metrosideros collina, Aleurites moluccanus, Celastrus vitiensis, Myrsine spp., ...
Balm of Gilead
12.44; 12.98). Cancamon has been held for Commiphora kataf, but also as Aleurites laccifer (Euphorbiaceae), Ficus spec. ( ...
Lake Euramoo
Aleurites moluccana, Macaranga spp.) Myrtaceae (e.g. Austromyrtus spp., Eugenia cormiflora) and Rubiaceae (e.g. Flindersia ...
Coumarinolignoid
... found in Aleurites moluccanus, synthesised by Kim et al in 2023. Aleuritin, found in Aleurites fordii Durantin A and repenins, ... a coumarinolignoid from Aleurites moluccana". Phytochemistry. 27 (6): 1908. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(88)80480-1. Kim, Irene ... and a coumarin from Aleurites fordii". Phytochemistry. 28 (9): 2459. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98005-1. v t e ( ...
Aleuritin
... is a coumarinolignoid found in the tree Aleurites fordii. Fozdar, B. I.; Khan, S. A.; Shamsuddin, T.; Shamsuddin, K. ... M.; Kintzinger, J. (1989). "Aleuritin, a Coumarinolignoid, and a Coumarin from Aleurites fordii". Phytochemistry. 28 (9): 2459- ...
Lumban
It got its name from Aleurites moluccanus, a tree locally named "lumbang". The province's capital town, Santa Cruz, as well as ...
Aleurites - Wikipedia
Media related to Aleurites at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Aleurites at Wikispecies (Wikipedia articles incorporating a ... 1911). "Aleurites" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 543. "Aleurites moluccanus". ... Aleurites is a small genus of arborescent flowering plants in the Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1776. It is ... The name Aleurites is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἄλευρον meaning "wheaten flour" or "ground meal", because of the ...
Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordi Oil | Product - 71184
Consortium of Lichen Herbaria - Imshaugia aleurites
aleurites Nyl., Parmelia aleurites var. diffusa (Weber) Ach., Parmeliopsis aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. ... Cetraria aleurites (Ach.) Th. Fr., moreImbricaria aleurites (Ach.) DC., Imshaugia aleurites f. vulnerata (Hillmann) S.Y. Kondr ... aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. pityreiformis (Hillmann) Grummann, Parmeliopsis aleurites var. roseola ( ... Parmeliopsis aleurites f. eualbescens Maas Geest., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. obsessa (Ach.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. ...
Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordii Oil Copolymer - Cosmetic Analysis
Aleurites Fordii Oil Copolymer. Alternative names: Brassica Campestris/Aleurites For… ... Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordii Oil Copolymer. Rating:log in INCI name. *Brassica campestris / Aleurites fordii OIL ... Please log in to read excerpts from scientific literature and experts statements about Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordii ... Copolymer of hydrogenated rapeseed oil (Brassica campestris oleifera) and tung oil (Aleurites fordii) Monomers, ...
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UConn Biodiversity Conservatory Collections native to Philippines
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Ocular Burn: Rinsing and Healing with Ionic Marine Solutions and Vegetable Oils | Ophthalmologica | Karger Publishers
Alkali burn, Aleurites moluccana oil, Calophyllum inophyllum oil, Marine solution, Vegetable oils ... Satyanarayana P, Kumar KA, Singh SK, Rao GN: A new phorbol diester from aleurites moluccana. Fitoterapia 2001;72:304-306. ... from Calophyllum inophyllum and Aleurites moluccana) were tested in vivo. The regeneration of the corneal epithelium and the ...
kukui - Wehe²wiki² Hawaiian Language Dictionaries
Oils of Aloha Kukui Oil 4 OZ. - Hilo Hattie
Pure Kukui Oil provides, soothing, natural relief for dry skin. This unique oil quickly penetrates and moisturizes, leaving the skin with a greaseless, silky after feel. Also an excellent product for dry scalp and dandruff when used like a hot oil treatment. Perfect makeup remover, since it is safe to use around your e
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Products | mauimedicinal
Kukui2
- The Hawaiian island of Moloka'i recognizes pua kukui (Aleurites moluccana) as the official island lei material. (statesymbolsusa.org)
- The flower of Molokai is the white kukui blossom (Aleurites moluccana) . (aloha-hawaii.com)
Fordii4
- Papua New Guinea, Queensland formerly included moved to other genera: Croton, Mallotus, Omphalea, Reutealis, Vernicia A. cordatus - Vernicia cordata A. erraticus - Omphalea papuana A. fordii - Vernicia fordii A. japonicus - Vernicia cordata A. laccifer - Croton laccifer A. montanus - Vernicia montana A. peltatus - Mallotus peltatus A. saponarius - Reutealis trisperma A. trispermus - Reutealis trisperma A. vernicifluus - Vernicia cordata A. vernicius - Vernicia montana Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families "Genus: Aleurites J. R. Forst. (wikipedia.org)
- Aleurites fordii Hemsl. (funet.fi)
- Aleurites fordii (n. (sensagent.com)
- Studies on the cultivation of the Tung Oil tree, Aleurites fordii. (biodiversitylibrary.org)
Moluccana Seed Oil1
- Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil*, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil*, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil*, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil*, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil*, Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil*, Fragrance/Parfum, Phenoxyethanol. (beautyhabit.com)
Candlenut4
- Accepted species The most widespread species is the candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus), occurring from tropical Asia and the Pacific, from India to China and Polynesia, Australia and New Zealand. (wikipedia.org)
- Candlenut is the seed of the fruit produced by the candlenut tree (Aleurites moluccanus). (webmd.com)
- Fatty acids composition and in vivo biochemical effects of Aleurites moluccana seed (Candlenut) in obese wistar rats. (webmd.com)
- Gonzalez-Stuart AE, Ortiz Rivera J. Toxicity of candlenut seed (aleurites moluccanus), a purported weight loss supplement. (webmd.com)
Minyak Kemiri2
- Pembuatan Serum Penumbuh Rambut Kombinasi Minyak Kemiri (Aleurites moluccanus) dan Ekstrak Buah Apel (Pyrus malus L. (machung.ac.id)
- Pembuatan Serum Penumbuh Rambut Kombinasi Minyak Kemiri (Aleurites moluccanus) dan Ekstrak Buah Apel (Pyrus malus L.). Jurnal Farmasi Ma Chung: Sains, Teknologi, Dan Klinis Komunitas , 1 ((1). (machung.ac.id)
Euphorbiaceae1
- Aleurites is a small genus of arborescent flowering plants in the Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1776. (wikipedia.org)
Imshaugia1
- Imshaugia aleurites f. vulnerata (Hillmann) S.Y. Kondr. (lichenportal.org)
Genus2
- Linnaeus assigned the Latin feminine grammatical gender to the genus name Aleurites, as for example in the species name Aleurites moluccana. (wikipedia.org)
- The current International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants has standardized all genus names ending in -ites to use the masculine gender, so the correct name of the species Aleurites moluccanus. (wikipedia.org)
Seeds1
- It is manufactured from the seeds of a deciduous tree, Aleurites, native to China, on much the same principle as peanut oil is produced by milling from peanuts in that country. (nature.com)
Native1
- A drying oil obtained from the seed nuts of the Aleurites moluccana trees native to southeast Asia. (mfa.org)
China1
- Flora of China Page 265 石栗属 shi li shu Aleurites J. R. Forster & G. Forster, Char. (wikipedia.org)
Copolymer2
- Please log in to read excerpts from scientific literature and experts statements about Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordii Oil Copolymer. (cosmeticanalysis.com)
- This list includes 10 random products that contain Brassica Campestris / Aleurites Fordii Oil Copolymer. (cosmeticanalysis.com)
Candlenut tree1
- candlenut tree ( Aleurites ). (hawaii.edu)
Fordi Oil1
- Brassica Campestris/Aleurites Fordi Oil Co. (cosmeticanalysis.com)
KUKUI NUT1
- KUKUI NUT OIL 4oz Aleurites moluccana. (mauimedicinal.com)
TREE2
- The name of a tree (Aleurites moluccana). (hawaii.edu)
- The Hawaii State Tree is the Candlenut (Kukui) / (aleurites moluccana). (hanaflowers.com)
Species3
- Linnaeus assigned the Latin feminine grammatical gender to the genus name Aleurites, as for example in the species name Aleurites moluccana. (wikipedia.org)
- The current International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants has standardized all genus names ending in -ites to use the masculine gender, so the correct name of the species Aleurites moluccanus. (wikipedia.org)
- Accepted species The most widespread species is the candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus), occurring from tropical Asia and the Pacific, from India to China and Polynesia, Australia and New Zealand. (wikipedia.org)
China1
- Flora of China Page 265 石栗属 shi li shu Aleurites J. R. Forster & G. Forster, Char. (wikipedia.org)