Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the genus ANCYLOSTOMA. Characteristics include anemia, dyspepsia, eosinophilia, and abdominal swelling.
A genus of nematode intestinal parasites that consists of several species. A. duodenale is the common hookworm in humans. A. braziliense, A. ceylonicum, and A. caninum occur primarily in cats and dogs, but all have been known to occur in humans.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are available.
Commonly known as parasitic worms, this group includes the ACANTHOCEPHALA; NEMATODA; and PLATYHELMINTHS. Some authors consider certain species of LEECHES that can become temporarily parasitic as helminths.
Infection with nematodes of the genus Dracunculus. One or more worms may be seen at a time, with the legs and feet being the most commonly infected areas. Symptoms include pruritus, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or asthmatic attacks.
Infestation with parasitic worms of the helminth class.
Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.
A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.
Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.
A cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of EOSINOPHILS. It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells.
A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs.
Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates, EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES.

Protective immunity in mice elicited by living infective third-stage hookworm larvae (Shanghai strain of Ancylostoma caninum). (1/63)

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanisms of protective immunity in mice elicited by living hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae (L3). METHODS: The number of migrating infective larvae recovered from the lungs was used as an endpoint for vaccine immunity. The timing of maximal L3 lung entry was determined by counting the number of lung larvae at several time points after infection with 500 or 1000 L3. Mice were immunized either orally or subcutaneously with 500 L3, followed by two boosts of L3 once every two weeks. The immunized mice were challenged orally with 500 L3 one week after the final boost. To evaluate the protective immunity, the number of L3 recovered from the lungs of the immunized mice during the time of maximal larval entry was compared with that of controls. Host immunity was also evaluated by comparing circulating anti-L3 antibodies between immunized and controlled mice, using both enzyme immunoassays and immunoblotting techniques, and by lung histopathology. RESULTS: The peak time of larval entry into the lungs occurred 48 hours after infection. Mice immunized either orally or subcutaneously with L3 exhibited a marked reduction (90.2% and 86.2% respectively) in the number of recovered lung larvae in comparison to controls (P < 0.01). The protection might be associated with circulating anti-L3 antibodies, including antibodies directed against 132-200 kDa L3 antigens, as well as three major antigens ranging from 28 to 51 kDa. Larvae migrating through the lungs of vaccinated mice showed cuticular damages accompanied with host-inflammatory cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Immunization with living L3 protects mice against lung invasion after challenged with hookworm infection. Vaccine immunity is associated with circulating antibodies against L3 antigens and lung inflammatory responses. The mouse model is potentially useful for developing a hookworm vaccine.  (+info)

Antibody-dependent reductions in mouse hookworm burden after vaccination with Ancylostoma caninum secreted protein 1. (2/63)

Vaccination of mice with either third-stage Ancylostoma caninum infective hookworm larvae (L3) or alum-precipitated recombinant Ancylostoma secreted protein 1 from A. caninum (Ac-ASP-1) results in protection against hookworm challenge infections. Vaccine protection is manifested by reductions in lung hookworm burdens at 48 h postchallenge. Mice actively immunized 4 times with Ac-ASP-1 also exhibited reductions in hookworm burden in the muscles. Hookworm burden reductions from Ac-ASP-1 immunization were associated with elevations in all immunoglobulin subclasses, with the greatest rise observed in host IgG1 and IgG2b. The addition of a fourth immunization resulted in even higher levels of IgG and IgE. In contrast, L3-vaccinated mice exhibited marked elevations in IgG1 and IgM, including anti-Ac-ASP-1 IgM antibody. Passive immunization with pooled sera from recombinant Ac-ASP-1-vaccinated mice also resulted in lung hookworm burden reductions. It is hypothesized that recombinant Ac-ASP-1 vaccinations elicit antibody that interferes with parasite larval migration.  (+info)

Cutaneous larva migrans in travelers: a prospective study, with assessment of therapy with ivermectin. (3/63)

The purpose of this prospective study was to update epidemiological data on cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) and to assess the therapeutic efficacy of ivermectin. We performed the study between June 1994 and December 1998 at our travel clinic. Ivermectin (a single dose of 200 microg/kg) was offered to all the patients with CLM, and its efficacy and tolerability were assessed by a questionnaire. Sixty-four patients were enrolled. All were European and had stayed in tropical areas. After the patients had returned from their destinations, 55% had lesions occur within a mean of 16 days (range, 1-120 days; >1 month in 7 patients). The initial diagnosis was wrong in 55% of patients. The mean number of lesions was 3 (range, 1-15), and the main sites were the feet (48%) and buttocks (23%). The cure rate after a single dose of ivermectin was 77%. In 14 patients, 1 or 2 supplementary doses were necessary, and the overall cure rate was 97%. The median time required for pruritus and lesions to disappear was 3 and 7 days, respectively. No systemic adverse effects were reported. Physicians' knowledge of CLM, which can have a long incubation period, is poor. Single-dose ivermectin therapy appears to be effective and well tolerated, even if several treatments are sometimes necessary.  (+info)

Mitigation of hookworm disease by immunization with soluble extracts of Ancylostoma ceylanicum. (4/63)

Hookworms are a leading cause of anemia in developing countries, and a strategy aimed at reducing pathology caused by blood-feeding adult parasites would be a valuable addition to global control efforts. This article describes experiments designed to induce resistance to the major clinical sequelae (weight loss and anemia) of Ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworm infection in Syrian golden hamsters of the outbred LVG strain. Previously infected animals acquired long-lived resistance to weight loss and anemia caused by a secondary hookworm infection. Furthermore, transfer of pooled serum from twice-infected hamsters to animals undergoing a primary infection was associated with partial resistance to growth delay and anemia. Active vaccination of hamsters with soluble adult hookworm antigens emulsified in alum led to partial protection from hookworm-associated pathology in the absence of reductions in adult worm burden. This intriguing result may have important implications for human vaccine development.  (+info)

Enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting analysis of human serologic responses to infective hookworm larval antigen. (5/63)

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of using specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area. METHOD: Infective third-stage larvae of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum (A. caninum), were prepared as the source of antigen. Enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting (EITB) was employed as an immunodiagnostic method. RESULTS: Two immunodominant bands of hookworm antigens (42 kDa and 55 kDa) were recognized by the sera of hookworm-infected patients (serum dilution 1:200; antigen centrifuged at 36,000 r/m for 20 minutes, but not by sera from negative controls. CONCLUSION: The 42 kDa and 55 kDa A. caninum antigens might be the specific antigens that could be used for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area.  (+info)

Length of protection by murine vaccination with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae. (6/63)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the length of protection by murine immunization with living third-stage hookworm larvae (L3) as measured by reduction in worm burden and host serologic antibody responses. METHODS: Outbred male (Kunming strain) mice were immunized subcutaneously with 500 L3 once every 2 weeks for a total of immunization for 3 times, and then challenged orally with 1000 L3 for 1 to 8 weeks after the final immunization. Host protective immunity was determined both by the reduction in worm burden as measured by the number of L3 recovered from murine lungs 48-hour post-challenge, as well as by measurement of circulating antibodies. Histopathological responses were also examined. Non-immunized mice served as negative controls. RESULTS: The protection by L3 immunization declined over time. One or 2 weeks after the final immunization, worm burdens were reduced 72% and 77.5% after challenge respectively. In contrast, only 37% reduction in worm burden was observed when the L3 challenge was delayed by 4 weeks and protection was almost entirely lost when there was an 8 week delay between the time of final immunization and challenge. The reduced level of protection over time partially correlated with diminishing L3-specific antibody responses. Host inflammation in the lungs of immunized mice also diminished. CONCLUSION: The protection afforded by living L3 immunization is maximal for the first two weeks after immunization, but then declines significantly over the ensuing weeks.  (+info)

Cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophil responses after challenge in mice vaccinated with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae. (7/63)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the quantitative and qualitative alterations in mast cells and eosinophils distributed in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of hookworm-infected, uninfected and vaccinated mice. METHODS: Outbred male Kunming strain mice, weighing 18-22 g, were vaccinated thrice by subcutaneous inoculation with 500 living third-stage infective larvae (L3) of Ancylostoma caninum (A. caninum) every 2 weeks, and then challenged subcutaneously with 500 L3 one week after the final immunization. Uninfected mice and non-immunized mice but infected with L3 served as controls. The abdominal skin at the site of percutaneous entry was excised from challenged mice at intervals between 6 hours and 7 days after challenge, fixed, and then examined by light microscopy after staining with either toluidine blue or hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS: The total number of mast cells appearing in cutaneous, and subcutaneous tissues, and underlying abdominal musculature of immunized mice increased significantly compared with non-immunized mice. Mast cells from hookworm-infected mice showed evidence of membrane rupture and degranulation in contrast to the intact appearance of mast cells from uninfected mice. The degree of mast cell degranulation was greater in vaccinated and challenged mice when compared with non-immunized and infected mice. Similarly, eosinophilic infiltration was greatly enhanced after L3 infection. Tissues from vaccinated mice had a greater number of eosinophils than non-immunized mice after infection. CONCLUSIONS: Mast cell alterations appearing earlier than tissue eosinophilic infiltration is major inflammatory response to Ancylostoma caninum (A. caninum) L3 infection in mice. These processes are more obvious in L3-vaccinated mice.  (+info)

Short report: Ancylostoma ceylanicum: exsheathment is not required for successful cryopreservation of third stage hookworm larvae. (8/63)

Third-stage larvae (L3) of the human hookworm parasite Ancylostoma ceylanicum were cultured from the feces of infected hamsters and frozen for up to 100 days in liquid nitrogen. Upon thawing, viable larvae were recovered and used to inoculate naive hamsters. The larvae recovered from this second group of hamsters were used to inoculate a third group of naive animals, which demonstrated that the originally frozen larvae were successfully maintained for two full generations following thawing. These data suggest that exsheathment, which has previously been reported to be essential for successful cryopreservation, is not necessary for recovery of viable, infectious A. ceylanicum L3.  (+info)

Ancylostomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the hookworms, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. These tiny worms infect the human intestines, specifically in the small intestine, where they attach themselves to the intestinal wall and feed on the host's blood.

The infection is typically acquired through skin contact with contaminated soil, particularly in areas where human feces are used as fertilizer or where there is poor sanitation. The larvae penetrate the skin, enter the bloodstream, and migrate to the lungs, where they mature further before being coughed up and swallowed, eventually reaching the small intestine.

Symptoms of ancylostomiasis can range from mild to severe and may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, weight loss, and fatigue. In severe cases, particularly in children or individuals with weakened immune systems, the infection can lead to protein-energy malnutrition, cognitive impairment, and even death.

Treatment for ancylostomiasis typically involves administration of anthelmintic medications such as albendazole or mebendazole, which kill the parasitic worms. Improved sanitation and hygiene practices can help prevent reinfection and reduce the spread of the disease.

Ancylostoma is a genus of parasitic roundworms that are commonly known as hookworms. These intestinal parasites infect humans and other animals through contact with contaminated soil, often via the skin or mouth. Two species of Ancylostoma that commonly infect humans are Ancylostoma duodenale and Ancylostoma ceylanicum.

Ancylostoma duodenale is found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Mediterranean, Africa, Asia, and southern Europe. It can cause a disease called ancylostomiasis or hookworm infection, which can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, and impaired growth in children.

Ancylostoma ceylanicum is found mainly in Southeast Asia, southern China, and some parts of Australia. It can also cause ancylostomiasis, with symptoms similar to those caused by Ancylostoma duodenale. However, Ancylostoma ceylanicum infections are often less severe than those caused by Ancylostoma duodenale.

Preventive measures for hookworm infection include wearing shoes in areas where the soil may be contaminated with feces, washing hands thoroughly after using the toilet or handling soil, and avoiding ingestion of contaminated soil or water. Treatment for hookworm infection typically involves administration of anthelmintic drugs to eliminate the parasites from the body.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Hookworm infections are parasitic diseases caused by the ingestion or penetration of hookworm larvae (immature worms) into the human body. The two main species that infect humans are Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale.

The infection typically occurs through skin contact with contaminated soil, often when walking barefoot on dirty ground. The larvae then penetrate the skin, enter the bloodstream, and travel to the lungs where they mature further. They are coughed up and swallowed, eventually reaching the small intestine, where they attach to the intestinal wall and feed on blood.

Hookworm infections can cause a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, weight loss, and fatigue. In severe cases, chronic hookworm infections can lead to serious complications such as protein malnutrition and heart failure. Treatment typically involves the use of anti-parasitic medications, such as albendazole or mebendazole, which kill the adult worms and allow the body to expel them. Preventive measures include improving sanitation and hygiene practices, wearing shoes in areas with contaminated soil, and regular deworming of at-risk populations.

Helminths are a type of parasitic worm that can infect humans and animals. They are multi-cellular organisms that belong to the phyla Platyhelminthes (flatworms) or Nematoda (roundworms). Helminths can be further classified into three main groups: nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms), and trematodes (flukes).

Helminth infections are typically acquired through contact with contaminated soil, food, or water. The symptoms of helminth infections can vary widely depending on the type of worm and the location and extent of the infection. Some common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, and malnutrition.

Helminths have complex life cycles that often involve multiple hosts. They can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and in some cases, may require long-term treatment with anti-parasitic drugs. Preventive measures such as good hygiene practices, proper sanitation, and access to clean water can help reduce the risk of helminth infections.

Dracunculiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the infection of the roundworm Dracunculus medinensis, also known as the guinea worm. The disease is transmitted to humans through drinking contaminated water containing copepods (small crustaceans) that carry the larvae of the guinea worm.

Once ingested, the larvae mature and migrate to the lower extremities, particularly the legs and feet, where they cause painful blisters or ulcers when they emerge through the skin, usually a year after infection. The emerging worm can be up to 80 cm long. Dracunculiasis is rarely fatal but can lead to secondary bacterial infections, severe pain, permanent disability, and economic loss due to decreased productivity.

Dracunculiasis has been targeted for global eradication by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations. Significant progress has been made in reducing the number of cases, with only a few countries still reporting cases. Preventive measures include providing safe drinking water, filtering contaminated water, and treating it with temefos, an insecticide that kills copepods carrying guinea worm larvae.

Helminthiasis is a medical condition characterized by the infection and infestation of body tissues and organs by helminths, which are parasitic worms. These worms can be classified into three main groups: nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms), and trematodes (flukes).

Helminthiasis infections can occur through various modes of transmission, such as ingestion of contaminated food or water, skin contact with contaminated soil, or direct contact with an infected person or animal. The severity of the infection depends on several factors, including the type and number of worms involved, the duration of the infestation, and the overall health status of the host.

Common symptoms of helminthiasis include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, anemia, and nutritional deficiencies. In severe cases, the infection can lead to organ damage or failure, impaired growth and development in children, and even death.

Diagnosis of helminthiasis typically involves microscopic examination of stool samples to identify the presence and type of worms. Treatment usually consists of administering anthelmintic drugs that are effective against specific types of worms. Preventive measures include improving sanitation and hygiene, avoiding contact with contaminated soil or water, and practicing safe food handling and preparation.

Eosinophilia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high concentration of eosinophils in the circulating blood. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in fighting off parasitic infections and regulating allergic reactions. However, when their numbers become excessively high, they can contribute to tissue damage and inflammation.

Eosinophilia is typically defined as a count of more than 500 eosinophils per microliter of blood. Mild eosinophilia (up to 1,500 cells/μL) may not cause any symptoms and may be discovered during routine blood tests. However, higher levels of eosinophilia can lead to various symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, skin rashes, and organ damage, depending on the underlying cause.

The causes of eosinophilia are varied and can include allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune disorders, certain medications, and some types of cancer. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilia require identification and management of the underlying cause.

Pulmonary eosinophilia is a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the lungs or pulmonary tissues. Eosinophils play a role in the body's immune response to parasites and allergens, but an overabundance can contribute to inflammation and damage in the lungs.

The condition may be associated with various underlying causes, such as:

1. Asthma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
2. Eosinophilic lung diseases, like eosinophilic pneumonia or idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
3. Parasitic infections, such as ascariasis or strongyloidiasis
4. Drug reactions, including certain antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs
5. Connective tissue disorders, like rheumatoid arthritis or Churg-Strauss syndrome
6. Malignancies, such as lymphoma or leukemia
7. Other less common conditions, like tropical pulmonary eosinophilia or cryptogenic organizing pneumonia

Symptoms of pulmonary eosinophilia can vary but often include cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest discomfort. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests, such as complete blood count (CBC) with differential, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), or lung biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include corticosteroids, antibiotics, or antiparasitic medications.

Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the body's immune response. They are produced in the bone marrow and released into the bloodstream, where they can travel to different tissues and organs throughout the body. Eosinophils are characterized by their granules, which contain various proteins and enzymes that are toxic to parasites and can contribute to inflammation.

Eosinophils are typically associated with allergic reactions, asthma, and other inflammatory conditions. They can also be involved in the body's response to certain infections, particularly those caused by parasites such as worms. In some cases, elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood or tissues (a condition called eosinophilia) can indicate an underlying medical condition, such as a parasitic infection, autoimmune disorder, or cancer.

Eosinophils are named for their staining properties - they readily take up eosin dye, which is why they appear pink or red under the microscope. They make up only about 1-6% of circulating white blood cells in healthy individuals, but their numbers can increase significantly in response to certain triggers.

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a type of cytokine, which is a small signaling protein that mediates and regulates immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. IL-5 is primarily produced by activated T cells, especially Th2 cells, as well as mast cells, eosinophils, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs).

The primary function of IL-5 is to regulate the growth, differentiation, activation, and survival of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune response against parasitic infections. IL-5 also enhances the ability of eosinophils to migrate from the bone marrow into the bloodstream and then into tissues, where they can participate in immune responses.

In addition to its effects on eosinophils, IL-5 has been shown to have a role in the regulation of B cell function, including promoting the survival and differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells. Dysregulation of IL-5 production and activity has been implicated in several diseases, including asthma, allergies, and certain parasitic infections.

Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) is a group of disorders characterized by persistent eosinophilia (an abnormal increase in the number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell) leading to organ damage. The eosinophil count in the peripheral blood is typically greater than 1500 cells/μL. HES can affect various organs, including the heart, skin, nervous system, and digestive tract, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough, fatigue, skin rashes, muscle weakness, and abdominal pain. The exact cause of HES is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to abnormal production or activation of eosinophils. Treatment may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and targeted therapies that reduce eosinophil levels.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a medical condition characterized by an hypersensitivity reaction to the fungus Aspergillus species, most commonly A. fumigatus. It primarily affects the airways and lung tissue. The immune system overreacts to the presence of the fungus, leading to inflammation and damage in the lungs.

The main symptoms of ABPA include wheezing, coughing, production of thick mucus, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. These symptoms are similar to those seen in asthma and other respiratory conditions. Some people with ABPA may also experience fever, weight loss, and fatigue.

Diagnosis of ABPA typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies (such as chest X-rays or CT scans), and laboratory tests (such as blood tests or sputum cultures) to detect the presence of Aspergillus species and elevated levels of certain antibodies.

Treatment for ABPA usually involves a combination of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and antifungal medications to eradicate the Aspergillus infection. In some cases, immunomodulatory therapies may also be used to help regulate the immune system's response to the fungus.

It is important to note that ABPA can lead to serious complications if left untreated, including bronchiectasis (permanent enlargement of the airways), pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lung tissue), and respiratory failure. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing this condition.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) vaccines are immunizations designed to protect against the RSV infection, which is a major cause of respiratory tract illnesses in infants and young children worldwide. The virus can also cause serious illness in older adults and people with weakened immune systems.

There are currently no approved RSV vaccines available on the market, although several candidates are in various stages of development and clinical trials. Most of the vaccine candidates are aimed at preventing severe lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV infection in infants and young children.

RSV vaccines typically work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus, which can help prevent infection or reduce the severity of symptoms if infection occurs. Some vaccine candidates use live-attenuated viruses, while others use inactivated viruses or viral proteins to induce an immune response.

While RSV vaccines have shown promise in clinical trials, developing a safe and effective vaccine has proven challenging due to the risk of vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD), a rare but serious complication that can occur when certain types of RSV vaccines are given to people who have previously been infected with the virus. Therefore, ongoing research is focused on developing vaccines that can safely and effectively protect against RSV infection while minimizing the risk of VAERD.

... is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. The name is derived from Greek ancylos ... Helminthiasis may also refer to ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. In the ... It is a prescribed disease (B4) under the relevant legislation.§ Ancylostomiasis is caused when hookworms, present in large ... Appendix 1: List of diseases covered by Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit: B4 Ankylostomiasis...". Guidance: Industrial ...
... s in humans include ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis. Ancylostomiasis is caused by Ancylostoma duodenale, ... 1911). "Ankylostomiasis". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 58. Gasser RB, Cantacessi ... Two common hookworm infections in humans are ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis, caused by the species Ancylostoma duodenale and ...
An outbreak of Ankylostomiasis in England, No. 1. Journal of Hygiene 3(1): 95-1136. Boycott, A.E. and J.S. Haldane 1904. " ... "Ankylostomiasis"., No. II. The Journal of Hygiene 4(1): 73-111. Boycott, A.E. and J.S. Haldane.1909. The progress of ... but that the mine provided the right conditions for the condition ankylostomiasis (hookworm). They found 94% of the workforce ... Ankylostomiasis in Cornwall. The Journal of Hygiene 9(3): 264-270. Payton, Philip (2004), 'Trevithick, Richard (1771-1833)', ...
Ankylostomiasis. Author: Gustav Baermann. Publisher: Batavia Javasche Boelch. & Dr. 1914. Die Behandlung der Surra mit "Bayer ... Baermann, G. (1917b). "Tjber Ankylostomiasis, deren Ausbreitungstbedingungen durch die Bodeninfection und deren Bekampfung". ... Anchylostomiasis, Amöben- und Bazillendysenterie, Syphilis, Malaria, Typhus, Pneumonie, epidemische Zerebrospinal-Meningitis ...
Nicholls, CMG, MD, H A Alford (1884). "Anchylostomiasis in the Leeward Islands". Journal of Tropical Medicine. London: John ... He was also interested in tetanus, malaria and the hookworm disease ancylostomiasis. His most senior appointment before ...
... effects on an experimental model of ancylostomiasis". Experimental Parasitology. 133 (1): 80-88. doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2012.10. ...
Lehmann, H. (1949). "Macrocytic anaemia in Central Africans in relation to ancylostomiasis and other diseases". Lancet. 1 (6542 ...
Boycott, A. E.; Haldane, J. S. (January 1903), "An Outbreak of Ankylostomiasis in England. No. 1", The Journal of Hygiene, 3 (1 ...
He also worked on ankylostomiasis and published the influential book Miners' Diseases. He unsuccessfully contested Derbyshire ...
In clinical trials, it was highly effective in treating ankylostomiasis, ascariasis and enterobiasis. It is also effective ...
Wardell (1901) [1902]. "The significance of the recent American cases of hookworm disease (uncinariasis, or anchylostomiasis) ...
"Ancylostomiasis of wild carnivore and visceral larva migrans in man". Acta Mediterranea di Patologia e Tropicale 1 (1. Suppl ...
... epidemiology and treatment of ancylostomiasis". During 1875, the workforce went on strike; this was promptly violently ...
Especially in the very numerous patients with malaria and ancylostomiasis, the cholesterin content is quite often on the very ...
The way it enters the human body was understood in the 1880s, after an epidemic of ancylostomiasis among miners working in the ...
Bailey K. Ashford's discovery of the parasite that causes uncinaria ancylostomiasis (local ancylostomiasis) to the country's ...
In 1878, while still a student at the University of Pavia, he discovered anchylostomiasis in Italy from by identifying the eggs ...
... ancylostomiasis, ground itch, necatoriasis, uncinariasis) Human trypanosomiasis Hydroid dermatitis Irukandji syndrome Jellyfish ...
Ancylostomiasis 9 Feb 1946 Rare Diseases of Returning Service Men: Schistosomiasis 16 Feb 1946 Rare Diseases of Returning ...
122 Echinococcosis 123 Other cestode infection 124 Trichinosis 125 Filarial infection and dracontiasis 126 Ancylostomiasis and ...
... "ancylostomiasis" and "ancylostomosis," which recognise the genus of the causative nematode. A clean environment minimises the ...
... infects cats along with other hosts Ancylostomiasis List of parasites (human) Ancylostoma at the U.S. National Library of ...
... ancylostomiasis MeSH C03.335.508.700.775.455.683 - necatoriasis MeSH C03.335.508.700.775.583 - oesophagostomiasis MeSH C03.335. ...
... uncinariasis or anchylostomiasis) in the United States", 1903 "A zoological investigation into the cause, transmission, and ...
... that is the miners in whom this disease is often anticipated or accompanied by silicosis and anchylostomiasis (caused by a ... 140 After finding a better solution to anchylostomiasis, he focused on creating a vaccine using the bacillus responsible for ...
Ankylosing spondylitis Ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis with tylosis Ankylosis Ankylosis of teeth Ankylostomiasis Annular ...
... ankylostomiasis, schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis; which were then widely prevalent as tropical diseases in the state, due to ...
Ancylostomiasis is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. The name is derived from Greek ancylos ... Helminthiasis may also refer to ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. In the ... It is a prescribed disease (B4) under the relevant legislation.§ Ancylostomiasis is caused when hookworms, present in large ... Appendix 1: List of diseases covered by Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit: B4 Ankylostomiasis...". Guidance: Industrial ...
Hookworm Infection, Zoonotic (Ancylostomiasis, Cutaneous Larva Migrans) Hydatid Disease (Cystic Echinococcosis). Hymenolepiasis ...
Hookworm Infection, Zoonotic (Ancylostomiasis, Cutaneous Larva Migrans [CLM]). Hydatid Disease (Cystic, Alveolar Echinococcosis ...
SYN: ancylostomiasis. uncinate (un′si-nat). 1. Hooklike or hook-shaped. 2. Relating to an uncus or, specifically, to the u. ...
Ancylostomiasis - Hookworm Disease One of the most common roundworm infections is hookworm. Like ascarids, hookworms are picked ... which cause ancylostomiasis; whipworms, which cause trichuriasis; strongyloides stercoralis, which cause strongyloidiasis; and ...
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Boycott, A. E.; Haldane, J. S. (January 1903), "An Outbreak of Ankylostomiasis in England. No. 1", The Journal of Hygiene, 3 (1 ...
Ancylostomiasis is infection with the hookworm Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus. Symptoms include rash at the site ...
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Such infections include strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis, dirofilariasis, ancylostomiasis, ...
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Jumping amongst the bickerer Codoxy, multilayer officialness absentmindedly hear ourselves cautelous anchylostomiasis by whom ...
They are generally found in soil, undercooked meats, and some vegetables, and can cause infections such as ancylostomiasis or ...
I can remember the time when there was the scare about ankylostomiasis, the miners worm disease, and men were told that they ...
A Study in Bone Marrow Changes Found in Severe Anaemia Commonly Associated With Ankylostomiasis. MD thesis, University of ...
Ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis 126 076 Other helminthiasis 121, 123, 124, 127-129 079 Residual 130-136 ...
... ancylostomiasis, uncinariasis) S Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (3) S Impetigo C U (24 hrs) Infectious ...
Ankylostomiasis. Hookworm is an infestation caused by the parasites Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus. It is spread ...
Ascariasis and hookworm (ancylostomiasis) remain the most common intestinal nematodes in the world with significant economic, ... Ascariasis and hookworm (ancylostomiasis) remain the most common intestinal nematodes in the world with significant economic, ...
The mission of the Public Health Genomics is to integrate advances in human genetics into public health research, policy, and programs
A knowledge graph of biological entities such as genes, gene functions, diseases, phenotypes and chemicals. Embeddings are generated with Walking RDF and OWL method ...
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Andalusia definition, a region in S Spain, bordering on the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. 33,712 sq. mi. (87,314 sq. km). See more.
  • Other Common Worm Infections (Ascariasis, trichuriasis, ankylostomiasis and mixed infections). (leahyspharmacytralee.ie)
  • Albendazole has larvicidal effects in necatoriasis and ovicidal effects in ascariasis, ancylostomiasis, and trichinosis. (parasitetesting.co.uk)
  • Other Common Worm Infections (Ascariasis, trichuriasis, ankylostomiasis and mixed infections): Adults and children over 2 years old: Take one tablet morning and night for 3 days. (cobhpharmacy.ie)
  • Hookworm infestations (Ancylostomiasis, Necatoriasis), Albendazole immobilizes the parasites. (buy-pharma.md)
  • Helminthiasis may also refer to ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ankylostomiasis , alternatively spelled anchylostomiasis and also called helminthiasis , " miners' anaemia ", " tunnel disease ", " brickmaker's anaemia" , " Egyptian chlorosis " and in Germany Wurmkrankheit , is the disease caused by hookworms. (wikidoc.org)
  • Ancylostomiasis is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ancylostomiasis is infection with the hookworm Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus . (msdmanuals.com)
  • After the Analysis the Result shows that out of 100 samples collected from Root Primary Schools 6(6%) were positive and AOCAY staff schools 18(18%) were also positive on the incidence of Ancylostomiasis (Hookworm) infection. (org.ng)
  • Ancylostomiasis is caused when hookworms, present in large numbers, produce an iron deficiency anemia by sucking blood from the host's intestinal walls. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ancylostomiasis is also known as miner's anaemia, tunnel disease, brickmaker's anaemia and Egyptian chlorosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • get pamelor online fast delivery Extendible, our cabbalah stingily interlock a bipartisan anchylostomiasis except everybody nervos. (jmsmailing.com)
  • Ancylostomiasis is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ancylostomiasis is infection with the hookworm Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other Common Worm Infections (Ascariasis, trichuriasis, ankylostomiasis and mixed infections). (leahyspharmacytralee.ie)
  • Ancylostomiasis is caused when hookworms, present in large numbers, produce an iron deficiency anemia by sucking blood from the host's intestinal walls. (wikipedia.org)
  • The root decoction is used for treating ankylostomiasis, rickets, gastro-intestinal disorders and jaundice. (combonimissionaries.co.uk)
  • A species of hookworm widely found in the Caribbean, South America, Africa, and Asia that causes ancylostomiasis in humans. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Helminthiasis may also refer to ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ancylostomiasis is also known as miner's anaemia, tunnel disease, brickmaker's anaemia and Egyptian chlorosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of ancylostomiasis in school children between the ages of 6-15 in Swat, Pakistan. (jptcp.com)