Aortopulmonary Septal Defect
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular
Heart Septal Defects, Atrial
Pulmonary Atresia
Heart Septal Defects
Pulmonary Artery
Arterio-Arterial Fistula
Heart Defects, Congenital
Septal Occluder Device
Collateral Circulation
Tetralogy of Fallot
Aortopulmonary window and double aortic arch. A rare association. (1/20)
We report the case of a 27-year-old male patient with dyspnea on physical exertion. Clinical assessment and various tests led to the diagnosis of aortopulmonary window and double aortic arch. According to a literature search, this may be the first report on such association. (+info)Magnetic resonance imaging of hearts with atrioventricular valve atresia or double inlet ventricle. (2/20)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging in defining cardiac anatomy in patients with double inlet ventricle or atrioventricular valve atresia. DESIGN: Magnetic resonance images were reviewed retrospectively without reference to other morphological data. SETTING: A tertiary referral centre for paediatric cardiology. PATIENTS: 18 patients (aged 8 days to 27 years) with a suspected univentricular atrioventricular connection. METHODS: Imaging by a 1.5 T whole body magnetic resonance system with imaging planes adjusted to individual patient anatomy to best define the cardiac morphology. A complete sequential diagnosis obtained from an independent interpretation of the images was compared with the diagnosis obtained from cross sectional echocardiography and angiocardiography. RESULTS: There was substantial accord between the diagnosis from magnetic resonance alone and that from other methods. In the six instances where there was not accord the magnetic resonance diagnosis was considered to be correct in two cases and incorrect in three cases. In the remaining case no consensus could be reached. In eight patients magnetic resonance imaging provided anatomical information additional to that from other methods. The strengths of magnetic resonance were in imaging the pulmonary arteries and their abnormalities and identifying juxtaposed atrial appendanges but there were some deficiencies in identifying Blalock-Taussig shunts. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging provided detailed information about all aspects of cardiac morphology in patients with a suspected diagnosis of univentricular atrioventricular connection. Often it provided additional information to echocardiography. Its use in selected patients should give valuable complementary information. (+info)Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts. (3/20)
A left-to-right shunt is accompanied by an increased plasma and blood volume. Since this is likely realized through renin/aldosterone-mediated salt and water retention, other body fluid compartments may be changed too. Therefore, we studied blood volume and body fluid compartments by a single-injection, triple-indicator dilution technique in nine 8-wk-old lambs with an aortopulmonary left-to-right shunt (55 +/- 3% of left ventricular output; mean +/- SEM) and in 11 control lambs, 2.5 wk after surgery. Systemic blood flow was maintained at the same level as in control lambs, but the aortic pressure of the shunt lambs was lower. Blood volume in shunt lambs was larger than in control lambs (110 +/- 6 vs. 84 +/- 7 ml/kg, P < 0.001) through an increase in plasma volume, which correlated significantly with the magnitude of the left-to-right shunt (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Red blood cell volume was equal to that of control lambs. Evidence was obtained that the increase in plasma volume was induced by a transient increase in renin (8.0 +/- 2.2 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.2 nmol.l-1.h-1; P < 0.02) and aldosterone (0.51 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.09 nmol/liter) concentrations. Interstitial water volume, however, was not significantly different from that in control lambs. The amount of intravascular protein was significantly higher than in control lambs (5.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.5 +/- 0.2 g/kg body mass, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in intracellular and total body water volumes between the two groups. We conclude that the increased amount of intravascular protein confines the fluid retained by the kidneys to the vascular compartment. (+info)Mayer-von Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome in association with a hitherto undescribed variant of the Holt-Oram syndrome with an aorto-pulmonary window. (4/20)
We report on the association of Mayer-von Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS) with a unique form of Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) with an aorto-pulmonary window. A 24-year-old Turkish woman was referred to our hospital because of primary amenorrhoea. Both her vagina and uterus were absent, and the diagnosis of MRKHS was established. Laparoscopic creation of a neovagina by the modified Vecchietti technique was performed. A rare congenital malformation of the heart, namely an aorto-pulmonary window, had required cardiac surgery when the patient was a 6-month-old infant. This cardiac malformation plus associated upper limb anomalies led to the clinical diagnosis of HOS. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second report in the scientific literature on the concurrence of MRKHS and HOS, and the first published case of HOS with an aorto-pulmonary window as the cardiac malformation. (+info)Aortopulmonary window with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia: prenatal diagnosis and successful early surgical correction. (5/20)
We report a case in which aortopulmonary window (APW) in combination with pulmonary atresia was diagnosed correctly in a neonate by echocardiography. Prenatal echocardiography showed progression of tetralogy of Fallot to pulmonary atresia with retrograde pulmonary perfusion, concealing the concomitant APW in fetal life. Due to intractable heart failure, primary correction was successfully performed at the age of 4 weeks (weight 2280 g). (+info)Congenital semilunar valvulogenesis defect in mice deficient in phospholipase C epsilon. (6/20)
Phospholipase Cepsilon is a novel class of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C, identified as a downstream effector of Ras and Rap small GTPases. We report here the first genetic analysis of its physiological function with mice whose phospholipase Cepsilon is catalytically inactivated by gene targeting. The hearts of mice homozygous for the targeted allele develop congenital malformations of both the aortic and pulmonary valves, which cause a moderate to severe degree of regurgitation with mild stenosis and result in ventricular dilation. The malformation involves marked thickening of the valve leaflets, which seems to be caused by a defect in valve remodeling at the late stages of semilunar valvulogenesis. This phenotype has a remarkable resemblance to that of mice carrying an attenuated epidermal growth factor receptor or deficient in heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor. Smad1/5/8, which is implicated in proliferation of the valve cells downstream of bone morphogenetic protein, shows aberrant activation at the margin of the developing semilunar valve tissues in embryos deficient in phospholipase Cepsilon. These results suggest a crucial role of phospholipase Cepsilon downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor in controlling semilunar valvulogenesis through inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein signaling. (+info)Aortopulmonary window with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: two cases highlighting the importance of complete pre-operative echocardiographic evaluation of the coronary arteries in all conotruncal anomalies. (7/20)
This report describes two infants with an aortopulmonary window in association with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. In both cases the diagnosis was made pre-operatively by transthoracic echocardiography, with the initial clue being extensive collateral flow within the myocardium. In each case there was surgical confirmation of the echocardiographic findings. These two cases demonstrate that coronary artery evaluation should be an integral part of every new echocardiographic evaluation, particularly in the setting of conotruncal anomalies. (+info)Aortopulmonary window--impact of associated lesions on surgical results. (8/20)
OBJECTIVES: The aortopulmonary window (APW) is a communication between the pulmonary artery (PA) and the ascending aorta in the presence of two separate semilunar valves. This review describes the natural history of the APW and the impact of associated defects on surgical results in patients treated at our institution. METHODS: Retrospective longitudinal study, based on the review of medical files of patients diagnosed between 1995 and 2005. RESULTS: Of nine patients diagnosed as having APW, six had associated lesions. Seven patients were submitted to surgical treatment with two deaths. One patient was not submitted to surgery due to pulmonary hypertension and another one died before the surgery due to a respiratory infection complication. CONCLUSION: The surgical results are satisfactory when the APW presents as an isolated defect and when surgery is performed early, preventing the development of irreversible arterial pulmonary hypertension (APH). The presence of associated complex congenital heart disease is a bad prognostic factor in our series. (+info)An aortopulmonary septal defect, also known as a congenital heart defect, is a type of ventricular septal defect (VSD). It is a hole in the wall that separates the two lower chambers of the heart - the left and right ventricles. In an aortopulmonary septal defect, the hole is located in the part of the ventricular septum that is next to the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve. This defect allows oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to mix with deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle, resulting in inefficient oxygenation of the blood and increased workload on the heart.
The severity of an aortopulmonary septal defect can vary depending on the size of the hole and the presence of other cardiac abnormalities. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, poor feeding, and failure to thrive in infants. If left untreated, this condition can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and infective endocarditis. Treatment typically involves surgical closure of the defect, which is usually performed during the first year of life.
A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a type of congenital heart defect that involves a hole in the wall separating the two lower chambers of the heart, the ventricles. This defect allows oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to mix with deoxygenated blood in the right ventricle, leading to inefficient oxygenation of the body's tissues. The size and location of the hole can vary, and symptoms may range from none to severe, depending on the size of the defect and the amount of blood that is able to shunt between the ventricles. Small VSDs may close on their own over time, while larger defects usually require medical intervention, such as medication or surgery, to prevent complications like pulmonary hypertension and heart failure.
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a type of congenital heart defect that involves the septum, which is the wall that separates the two upper chambers of the heart (atria). An ASD is a hole or abnormal opening in the atrial septum, allowing oxygen-rich blood to leak into the oxygen-poor blood chambers in the heart. This leads to an overload of blood in the right side of the heart, which can cause enlargement of the heart and increased work for the right ventricle.
ASDs can vary in size, and small defects may not cause any symptoms or require treatment. Larger defects, however, can result in symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and heart rhythm abnormalities. Over time, if left untreated, ASDs can lead to complications like pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and stroke.
Treatment for ASD typically involves surgical closure of the defect or catheter-based procedures using devices to close the hole. The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the size and location of the defect, the patient's age and overall health, and the presence of any coexisting conditions.
Pulmonary atresia is a congenital heart defect where the pulmonary valve, which controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs, doesn't form properly and instead of being open, there is a membranous obstruction or atresia. This results in an absence of communication between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
The right ventricle is often small and underdeveloped due to this condition, and blood flow to the lungs can be severely limited. In some cases, there may be additional heart defects present, such as a ventricular septal defect (a hole between the two lower chambers of the heart) or patent ductus arteriosus (an abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta).
Pulmonary atresia can range from mild to severe, and treatment options depend on the specific anatomy and physiology of each individual case. Treatment may include medications, catheter-based procedures, or open-heart surgery, and in some cases, a heart transplant may be necessary.
A heart septal defect is a type of congenital heart defect, which means it is present at birth. It involves an abnormal opening in the septum, the wall that separates the two sides of the heart. This opening allows oxygen-rich blood to leak into the oxygen-poor blood chambers in the heart.
There are several types of heart septal defects, including:
1. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): A hole in the atrial septum, the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart (the right and left atria).
2. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): A hole in the ventricular septum, the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart (the right and left ventricles).
3. Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD): A combination of an ASD and a VSD, often accompanied by malformation of the mitral and/or tricuspid valves.
The severity of a heart septal defect depends on the size of the opening and its location in the septum. Small defects may cause no symptoms and may close on their own over time. Larger defects can lead to complications, such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or infective endocarditis, and may require medical or surgical intervention.
The pulmonary artery is a large blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. It divides into two main branches, the right and left pulmonary arteries, which further divide into smaller vessels called arterioles, and then into a vast network of capillaries in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The thin walls of these capillaries allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood and carbon dioxide to diffuse out, making the blood oxygen-rich before it is pumped back to the left side of the heart through the pulmonary veins. This process is crucial for maintaining proper oxygenation of the body's tissues and organs.
An arterio-arterial fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between two arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Under normal circumstances, arteries do not directly communicate with each other; instead, they supply blood to capillaries, which then deliver the blood to veins.
An arterio-arterial fistula can result from various causes, including congenital defects, trauma, or as a complication of medical procedures such as arterial catheterization or surgical interventions. The presence of an arterio-arterial fistula may lead to several hemodynamic consequences, depending on the size, location, and chronicity of the communication. These can include altered blood flow patterns, increased pressure in the affected arteries, and potential cardiac complications due to volume overload.
Symptoms of an arterio-arterial fistula may vary widely, from being asymptomatic to experiencing palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, or even congestive heart failure in severe cases. The diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT angiography, or MRI angiography to visualize the abnormal communication and assess its hemodynamic impact. Treatment options may include observation, endovascular interventions, or surgical repair, depending on the individual case.
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural abnormalities in the heart that are present at birth. They can affect any part of the heart's structure, including the walls of the heart, the valves inside the heart, and the major blood vessels that lead to and from the heart.
Congenital heart defects can range from mild to severe and can cause various symptoms depending on the type and severity of the defect. Some common symptoms of CHDs include cyanosis (a bluish tint to the skin, lips, and fingernails), shortness of breath, fatigue, poor feeding, and slow growth in infants and children.
There are many different types of congenital heart defects, including:
1. Septal defects: These are holes in the walls that separate the four chambers of the heart. The two most common septal defects are atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD).
2. Valve abnormalities: These include narrowed or leaky valves, which can affect blood flow through the heart.
3. Obstruction defects: These occur when blood flow is blocked or restricted due to narrowing or absence of a part of the heart's structure. Examples include pulmonary stenosis and coarctation of the aorta.
4. Cyanotic heart defects: These cause a lack of oxygen in the blood, leading to cyanosis. Examples include tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries.
The causes of congenital heart defects are not fully understood, but genetic factors and environmental influences during pregnancy may play a role. Some CHDs can be detected before birth through prenatal testing, while others may not be diagnosed until after birth or later in childhood. Treatment for CHDs may include medication, surgery, or other interventions to improve blood flow and oxygenation of the body's tissues.
A septal occluder device is a type of medical implant used to close defects or holes in the heart, specifically within the septum, which is the wall that separates the two sides of the heart. The device typically consists of two disc-shaped components connected by a waist, resembling a button or an umbrella.
The procedure for implanting a septal occluder device involves inserting it through a catheter, which is introduced into a vein in the leg and guided to the heart. Once in position, the discs of the device expand and are pressed against the septum on both sides of the hole, effectively closing it. Over time, tissue grows over the device, permanently sealing the defect.
Septal occluder devices are commonly used to treat atrial septal defects (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO), which are two types of congenital heart defects that can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and heart palpitations. The use of these devices has revolutionized the treatment of these conditions, allowing for less invasive procedures and faster recovery times compared to traditional surgical methods.
Collateral circulation refers to the alternate blood supply routes that bypass an obstructed or narrowed vessel and reconnect with the main vascular system. These collateral vessels can develop over time as a result of the body's natural adaptation to chronic ischemia (reduced blood flow) caused by various conditions such as atherosclerosis, thromboembolism, or vasculitis.
The development of collateral circulation helps maintain adequate blood flow and oxygenation to affected tissues, minimizing the risk of tissue damage and necrosis. In some cases, well-developed collateral circulations can help compensate for significant blockages in major vessels, reducing symptoms and potentially preventing the need for invasive interventions like revascularization procedures. However, the extent and effectiveness of collateral circulation vary from person to person and depend on factors such as age, overall health status, and the presence of comorbidities.
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that consists of four components: ventricular septal defect (a hole between the lower chambers of the heart), pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve and outflow tract), overriding aorta (the aorta lies directly over the ventricular septal defect), and right ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the right ventricular muscle). This condition results in insufficient oxygenation of the blood, leading to cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes) and other symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and poor growth. Treatment typically involves surgical repair, which is usually performed during infancy or early childhood.
Aortopulmonary septal defect
Barry A. Love
Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect
Yasui procedure
Pulmonary atresia
Continuous murmurs
Aortopulmonary window
Interrupted aortic arch
Major aortopulmonary collateral artery
Aorticopulmonary septum
Ortner's syndrome
Protein signalling in heart development
Heart septal defect
List of MeSH codes (C16)
Francisco Orts Llorca
List of MeSH codes (C14)
Persistent truncus arteriosus
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
Anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Bidirectional Glenn procedure
Aortopulmonary septal defect - Wikipedia
Aortopulmonary Septal Defect: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Detection of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries by transesophageal echocardiography in pulmonary atresia with ventricular...
Percutaneous Interventions for Congenital Heart Disease - 1st Edition
Surgical Strategy for Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries in Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect | Japanese...
Dr. Ayman Iskander, MD, Internal Medicine Specialist - Liverpool, NY | Sharecare
Dr. Duccio Baldari, MD, Cardiology Specialist - Wellington, FL | Sharecare
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Eisenmenger Syndrome: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - Pediatrics - MSD Manual Professional Edition
Vikki's Story. - Little Hearts Matter
CHD-Vol. 16, No. 3, 2021
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ESC 365 - A rare case of aortopulmonary window in an adult- A postpregnancy diagnosis
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Eisenmenger's syndrome
Dr. Hani Salti, MD | Cardiology in Vernon Hills, IL | Healthline FindCare
Aortic insufficiency
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Aortopulmonary Window Surgery: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem
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Wolfgang A.K. Radtke, MD - Pediatric Cardiology
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Aortic Valve Stenosis in Children - Children's Health Issues - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Atrioventricular Septal3
- Atrioventricular Septal Defect Atrioventricular (AV) septal defect consists of an ostium primum type atrial septal defect and a common AV valve, with or without an associated inlet (AV septal type) ventricular septal defect. (msdmanuals.com)
- Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) or atrioventricular canal defect (AVCD), also known as " common atrioventricular canal " or " endocardial cushion defect " (ECD), is characterized by a deficiency of the atrioventricular septum of the heart that creates connections between all four of its chambers. (wikipedia.org)
- This is a model of a patient with an unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with a hypoplastic left ventricle who underwent a Fontan procedure as the final stage of the surgical palliation. (3dheartproject.com)
Patent Ductus Art6
- Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is encountered in almost three fourths of patients with aortopulmonary septal defect. (medscape.com)
- Originally described in association with a large VSD, Eisenmenger syndrome can also manifest with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) or, less frequently, with other congenital cardiac anomalies, such as atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) and atrial septal defects (ASDs). (medscape.com)
- A number of congenital heart defects can cause Eisenmenger syndrome, including atrial septal defects , ventricular septal defects , patent ductus arteriosus , and more complex types of acyanotic heart disease . (en-academic.com)
- The hemodynamic abnormalities are similar to those seen with a large, unrestrictive ventricular septal defect (VSD) or patent ductus arteriosus. (medscape.com)
- With the exception of a few procedures - ligation of isolated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) , closure of isolated atrial septal defects (ASD) and ventricular septal defects (VSD) - surgical treatment of congenital heart disease is more often palliative than curative. (cgh.com.sg)
- Dr. Prem Sekar has special interest in Transcatheter therapeutic Interventional procedures for structural heart anomalies such as Device Closure of Atrial Septal defect (ASD), Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Occlusion of other shunt lesions like Coronary fistula, Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva, Aortopulmonary window, Aortopulmonary collaterals, Balloon dilatation of stenotic valvular and vascular lesions, Stent Angioplasties and hybrid procedures, Congenital heart disease. (betsercare.com)
Collateral arteries6
- Background: We advocate one-stage unifocalization concomitant with palliative right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction (pRVOTR) for patients with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) in pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defects. (jspccs.jp)
- Our 'Peanut' had Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect and Major Aorto-Pulmonary Collateral Arteries, and we were advised to terminate. (lhm.org.uk)
- Patients with large major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) were also excluded from this study. (bvsalud.org)
- Female patient aged 18 months and weighing 9kg with a diagnosis of pulmonary atresia plus ventricular septal defect, plus systemic pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAS) with absence of pulmonary branches. (modelosmedicos.com)
- Case report 2: 6-month-old male patient diagnosed with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAS). (modelosmedicos.com)
- We often encounter patients with PAH occurring after surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), especially patients with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs). (elsevierpure.com)
Major aortopulmonary1
- Neonates with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and very small pulmonary arteries without major aortopulmonary collaterals are ductus dependent from birth and are not amenable to a primary corrective procedure in neonatal period. (pediatrikkalpcerrahisi.com)
Ascending aorta1
- These types are: Type I: simple defects leading to communication between the ascending aorta and pulmonic trunk Type II: defects that extend to the origin of the right pulmonary artery Type III: anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta It is also classified as simple or complex. (wikipedia.org)
Anomalies5
- Complex defects are those that occur with other anatomical anomalies or require non-standard repair. (wikipedia.org)
- Although this classification system may correlate with the various embryologic origins of aortopulmonary septal defect itself, it does not account for other anomalies encountered with aortopulmonary septal defect. (medscape.com)
- 2] The most frequent accompanying cardiovascular anomalies include Tetralogy of Fallot or septal defects. (narayanahealth.org)
- Arch anomalies are defects relating to the aorta, affecting the oxygenated blood leaving the left ventricle. (3dheartproject.com)
- Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequent type of birth defect and a leading cause of perinatal death due to congenital anomalies. (e-ultrasonography.org)
Tetralogy1
- Tetralogy of Fallot is made up of 4 defects: a hole between the two ventricles (VSD), A narrow pulmonary valve and artery (pulmonary stenosis), a misplaced aorta which is over both ventricles, and thicker muscles in the right ventricle. (3dheartproject.com)
Transposition1
- coarctation of the aorta (either isolated or in combination with a ventricular septal defect), subvalvular aortic stenosis , transposition of the great arteries (either isolated or in combination with ventricular septal defect or pulmonary stenosis), Taussig-Bing malformation and coarctation, congenitally corrected transposition and pulmonary stenosis, and Scimitar syndrome. (narayanahealth.org)
Closure2
- The influence of the timing of transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure on ventricular remodeling at 6 months after ASD closure is unclear. (techscience.com)
- PAH might be caused by pulmonary agenesis, hypoplasia and/or thrombosis, inadequate closure of the ventricular septal defect, relief of the pulmonic stenosis, or an excessively large prior systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. (elsevierpure.com)
Interrupted aort4
- [ 5 , 6 ] An interrupted aortic arch type A or severe coarctation is present in 10-15% of patients with aortopulmonary septal defect. (medscape.com)
- Interrupted aortic arch type B is frequently associated with DiGeorge/velocardiofacial/22q-chromosome arm deletion, unlike interrupted aortic arch type A. When interrupted aortic arch occurs without a ventricular septal defect (VSD) , an aortopulmonary septal defect is usually present. (medscape.com)
- Although this defect appears to have clinical similarities with truncus arteriosus and interrupted aortic arch type B, aortopulmonary septal defect is not associated with the 22q-/ DiGeorge syndrome as are the other malformations. (medscape.com)
- The common association of distal arch obstruction or interrupted aortic arch with aortopulmonary window acts as an obstruction to systemic flow and further increases the left-to-right shunt. (medscape.com)
Collaterals1
- Congenital heart diseases associated with more malformations, complex aortopulmonary collaterals and anomalous coronary artery. (blogspot.com)
Pulmonary stenosis1
- These four defects include: a ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, a misplaced aorta, and a thickened right ventricular wall. (3dheartproject.com)
Left-to-ri3
- An atrial septal defect (ASD) is an opening in the interatrial septum, causing a left-to-right shunt and volume overload of the right atrium and right ventricle. (msdmanuals.com)
- Aortopulmonary window produces a large and usually unrestricted left-to-right shunt that worsens as pulmonary vascular resistance falls during the newborn period. (medscape.com)
- Aortopulmonary window is characterized by a large left-to-right shunt that becomes progressively worse as pulmonary vascular resistance falls during the newborn period. (medscape.com)
Embryologic2
- The 2 competing embryologic theories are (1) that aortopulmonary window is part of a spectrum of conotruncal abnormalities, which includes truncus arteriosus at one end of the spectrum, and (2) that aortopulmonary window is unrelated to truncus arteriosus because the lesions associated with each defect are so dissimilar. (medscape.com)
- Therefore, the fact that isolated congenital tricuspid stenosis belongs to the group of tricuspid atresia defects and that their embryologic developments are similar is no surprise. (naqlafshk.com)
Tricuspid valve1
- The septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve mostly develops from the inferior endocardial cushion with a small contribution from the superior cushion. (naqlafshk.com)
Aortic valve1
- Large subaortic VSD with aortic valve riding the septal defect. (modelosmedicos.com)
Rheumatic Tricuspid Disease1
- They frequently treat conditions like Rheumatic Tricuspid Disease, Mitral Valve Regurgitation and Atrial Septal Defect along with other conditions at varying frequencies. (healthline.com)
Congenital cardiac defect2
- Aortopulmonary septal defect (APSD), an uncommon congenital cardiac defect, is a deficiency in the septum between the aorta and pulmonary artery, resulting in a communication between the two. (medscape.com)
- Eisenmenger syndrome refers to any untreated congenital cardiac defect with intracardiac communication that leads to pulmonary hypertension, reversal of flow, and cyanosis. (medscape.com)
Truncus arteriosus1
- Developmentally, the defect results from incomplete separation of the common tube of the truncus arteriosus and the aorticopulmonary trunk. (medscape.com)
Hypoplastic1
- Modified Mee Shunt is an aortopulmonary central shunt developed in 2012 by Dr.Bugra HARMANDAR for the palliation of newborns with ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary atresia and very hypoplastic pulmonary arteries. (pediatrikkalpcerrahisi.com)
Ductus1
- Simple defects are those that do not require surgical repair, occur with no other defects, or those that require minor stright-forward repair (ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect). (wikipedia.org)
Atresia2
- Little more than 3 decades ago, the terminology for this defect (eg, tricuspid atresia, univentricular heart, univentricular atrioventricular connection) was intensely debated. (naqlafshk.com)
- Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect. (blogspot.com)
Cardiac defects1
- Aortopulmonary window is frequently associated with other cardiac defects that affect outcome and complicate repair. (medscape.com)
Atrial septum1
- The abnormal blood flow inside the heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both. (bvsalud.org)
Shunt2
- This was the first description of a link between a large congenital cardiac shunt defect and the development of pulmonary hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Large, non-restrictive ventricular septal defect with bidirectional shunt. (modelosmedicos.com)
Window6
- Aortopulmonary window (APW) is a defect between the great vessels that results from failure of the conotruncal ridges to fuse. (medscape.com)
- Aortopulmonary window was first described in the 19th century, and the first repair was performed in 1952 by Robert E. Gross, MD, at Boston Children's Hospital. (medscape.com)
- Currently, an incision directly into the aortopulmonary window or the aorta is used. (medscape.com)
- Aortopulmonary window may occur as an isolated lesion or as part of a larger complex of lesions and represents approximately 0.2% of all congenital cardiac lesions. (medscape.com)
- Aortopulmonary window represents a failure of the conotruncus to differentiate into the aorta and pulmonary artery. (medscape.com)
- 3] Aortopulmonary window. (narayanahealth.org)
Valves2
- [ 4 ] The first subtype is believed to result from nonfusion between the aorticopulmonary septum above and the truncal septum below, resulting in a small-to-moderate defect midway between the semilunar valves and the pulmonary bifurcation. (medscape.com)
- Defects may involve abnormal formation of the heart's walls or valves or of the blood vessels that enter. (msdmanuals.com)
Complex3
- Aortopulmonary septal defects occur in isolation in about half of cases, the remainder are associated with more complex heart abnormalities. (wikipedia.org)
- This defect is present as an isolated lesion in about one half of patients and in conjunction with another defect or more complex heart disease in the other half of patients. (medscape.com)
- Heart models with multiple defects, or a more complex and difficult to categorize diagnosis. (3dheartproject.com)
Ventricle1
- Defects where the left or right ventricle of the heart is under developed, which affects to blood flow throughout the heart. (3dheartproject.com)
Right pulmon1
- the defect is large and without a posterior border, and the right pulmonary artery may arise directly from the aorta. (medscape.com)
Lesions2
- Lesions in Eisenmenger syndrome, such as large septal defects, are characterized by high pulmonary pressure and/or a high pulmonary flow state. (medscape.com)
- Most lesions are repaired by direct patch repair of the defect. (medscape.com)
Birth defects2
- Among birth defects, congenital heart disease is the leading cause of infant mortality. (msdmanuals.com)
- Preterm births have increased gradually until the last decade, accounting for 5%−12% of births in the US and Europe [ 1 , 2 ], and birth defects are one of the important causes of preterm birth [ 3 ]. (e-cep.org)
Live births2
- The incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Singapore was 0.81% of total live births based on the birth defect registry from 1994-2000 but this has increased to 0.97% in 2021. (cgh.com.sg)
- Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most commonly reported birth defect, with prevalences of 4−50 per 1,000 live births [ 4 , 5 ] and 1.7−3 per 1,000 live births for critical CHD [ 5 - 7 ]. (e-cep.org)
Disease2
- The most serious congenital heart defects are called critical congenital heart disease . (medlineplus.gov)
- AMT is used in ophthalmology to reconstruct the conjunctiva and the cornea after scaring due to disease, acute burns, and corneal persistent epithelial defects. (avocure.com)