Astroviridae
Astroviridae Infections
Molecular epidemiology of childhood astrovirus infection in child care centers. (1/92)
This study assessed the role of human astrovirus (HAstV) in outbreaks and sporadic cases of diarrhea among children attending child care centers (CCCs) and determined the infecting astrovirus antigenic types by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequence analysis. Eight astrovirus outbreaks occurred in 6 CCCs. Of 179 children with diarrhea, 36 (20%) had astrovirus-associated diarrhea. Diarrhea stools obtained during diarrhea outbreaks were more likely to contain astrovirus (40/476) than were samples not associated with a diarrhea outbreak (14/452) (P<.001). Type-specific RT-PCR and DNA sequencing identified 5 outbreaks associated with HAstV-1 and 3 outbreaks with HAstV-2. Sequential outbreaks in 2 CCCs occurred with a different type in the same year. Phylogenetic analysis identified 6 clades of HAstV-1 and 2 clades of HAstV-2 during this 1-year surveillance. Astrovirus was a significant cause of diarrhea outbreaks, and 2 antigenic types were present in the community during 1 diarrhea season. (+info)Prevalence of group A rotavirus, human calicivirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus type 40 and 41 infections among children with acute gastroenteritis in Dijon, France. (2/92)
Group A rotaviruses, human caliciviruses, astroviruses, and adenovirus types 40 and 41 were detected by enzyme immunoassay or reverse transcription-PCR in 61, 14, 6, and 3% of stool specimens from 414 children consulting for gastroenteritis between 1995 and 1998. These data highlight the importance of caliciviruses in infantile gastroenteritis. Among these, Norwalk-like viruses belonging to genogroup II were predominant. (+info)Epidemiology of astrovirus infection in young children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Melbourne, Australia, over a period of four consecutive years, 1995 to 1998. (3/92)
The incidence of astrovirus infection in children less than 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Melbourne, Australia, from 1995 to 1998 was determined. Astrovirus was detected in 40 of 449 specimens tested by Northern hybridization, and astrovirus infection was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR with or without culture in CaCO-2 cells. This represented 3.0% (40 of 1, 327) of all children tested for enteric pathogens, including viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens, over the survey period. The incidences of astrovirus infection in each year were 4.4% (1995), 2. 2% (1996), 3.9% (1997), and 1.4% (1998). In 1995 and 1997, the incidences of astrovirus infection were greater than the incidence of infection with all individual bacterial pathogens and were either greater than or equal to the incidence of adenovirus infection. Astrovirus exhibited an unusual biennial winter peak of incidence that correlated with a greater incidence of serotype 1 virus and an increased rate of hospitalization of children aged 6 to 12 months. Uncommon (serotype 2 and 4) and rare (serotype 8) serotypes were detected during the survey period. Genetic analysis of ORF2 (which encodes the astrovirus capsid precursor) of Melbourne isolates showed nucleotide sequence variation from year to year. This was not accompanied by significant amino acid substitutions. However, geographical variation was apparent by comparison of Melbourne astrovirus isolates with prototype strains identified in the United Kingdom. (+info)Molecular characterization of an avian astrovirus. (4/92)
Astroviruses are known to cause enteric disease in several animal species, including turkeys. However, only human astroviruses have been well characterized at the nucleotide level. Herein we report the nucleotide sequence, genomic organization, and predicted amino acid sequence of a turkey astrovirus isolated from poults with an emerging enteric disease. (+info)Astrovirus diarrhea in Egyptian children. (5/92)
This study describes the epidemiology of astrovirus diarrhea among a population-based cohort of 397 children aged <3 years residing in rural Egypt from 1995 to 1998. The age-specific incidence rates of astrovirus diarrheal episodes per person-year were 0.38 for infants aged <6 months, 0.40 for those aged 6-11 months, 0.16 for those aged 12-23 months, and 0.05 for those aged 24-35 months. The overall incidence rate of astrovirus diarrhea was the same as that of rotavirus diarrhea, 0.19 episodes per person-year. Astrovirus infection was pathogenic and associated with severe dehydration in 17% of the cases. The most frequent serotype was HAstV-1, and, in order of decreasing frequency, HAstV-5, HAstV-8 and HAstV-3, HAstV-6, HAstV-4, and HAstV-2. In determining whether astrovirus diarrhea was associated with a reduced incidence of subsequent disease, there was evidence to suggest HAstV-1 homotypic immunity but not heterotypic immunity. Because we observed 38% of the incidence of astrovirus diarrhea to occur in infants aged <6 months, a candidate astrovirus vaccine would have to confer immunity very early in life. (+info)Identification and type distribution of astroviruses among children with gastroenteritis in Colombia and Venezuela. (6/92)
Astrovirus infections were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 12 (5%) of 251 stool samples from children with gastroenteritis from Bogota, Colombia. In addition, astroviruses were detected by reverse transcription-PCR in 3 (10%) of 29 stool samples negative for other enteric pathogens collected in Caracas, Venezuela, from children with gastroenteritis. Astrovirus type 1 was the most frequently detected virus. (+info)Molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus diarrhea among children from a periurban community of Mexico City. (7/92)
Human astroviruses (HAstVs) were detected in 23 stool samples from 365 diarrhea episodes among 214 children (<18 months old) prospectively monitored for diarrhea in Mexico City. Stool samples were tested by EIA and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. EIA was less sensitive (74%) and equally specific, compared with RT-PCR analysis using type-common primers for HAstV detection. Of 31 HAstV isolates, EIA typed 18 (69%) of 26 EIA-positive samples, and RT-PCR analysis typed 26 (84%) of 31 RT-PCR-positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3' end of the capsid region (363 nucleotides) confirmed the type assignment by EIA and RT-PCR analysis and determined the type for 5 previously untyped samples. Six HAstV antigenic types cocirculated in the community: HAstV-2 (42%), HAstV-4 (23%), HAstV-3 (13%), HAstV-1 (10%), HAstV-5 (6%), and HAstV-7 (6%). RT-PCR and sequence analysis provided more detailed epidemiology of HAstV in the community than did antigenic detection methods. (+info)Comparison of capsid sequences from human and animal astroviruses. (8/92)
We have sequenced the genomic 3'-end, including the structural gene, of human astrovirus (HAstV) serotype 7 and morphologically related viruses infecting pig (PAstV), sheep (OAstV) and turkey (TAstV-1). These sequences were compared with corresponding astrovirus sequences available in the nucleic acid databases, including sequences of the seven other HAstV serotypes, two other avian astroviruses (TAstV-2 and avian nephritis virus) and astrovirus from cat (FAstV). A 35 nt stem-loop motif near the 3'-end of the genome, previously described as being highly conserved, was present in all of the astroviruses except TAstV-2. In the N-terminal half of the capsid precursor protein, there were several short conserved peptide motifs. Otherwise the capsid proteins of astroviruses infecting different hosts were highly divergent. Calculation of genetic distances revealed that the distance between FAstV and HAstV is comparable to the largest distances between different HAstV serotypes. Higher similarities between the HAstV, FAstV and PAstV capsid sequences suggest interspecies transmissions involving humans, cats and pigs relatively recently in the evolutionary history of astroviruses. (+info)Astroviridae is a family of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that primarily infect animals, including mammals and birds. The name "astrovirus" comes from the star-like appearance of the viral particles under an electron microscope. Astroviruses are associated with gastroenteritis in humans and various enteric diseases in animals. They are typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route and replicate in the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Human astrovirus strains are classified into eight serotypes (HAstV1-HAstV8), with HAstV1 being the most common cause of infection in humans.
Astroviridae is a family of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that can cause infectious diseases in humans and animals. The most common symptoms of Astroviridae infections in humans include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. These symptoms are typically mild and last for only a few days.
Astroviruses are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food or water. They can also be spread from person to person, particularly in settings where there is close contact between individuals, such as childcare centers and nursing homes.
In addition to humans, Astroviridae infect a wide range of animals, including birds, mammals, and reptiles. Some strains of Astroviruses can cause more severe disease in animals, particularly in young or immunocompromised individuals.
Prevention measures for Astroviridae infections include good hygiene practices, such as handwashing, and avoiding contact with individuals who are sick. There is currently no specific treatment for Astroviridae infections, and management typically involves supportive care to relieve symptoms.
Mamastrovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Astroviridae, which infect mammals. These non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses are responsible for gastroenteritis in various mammalian species, including humans. The name "mamastrovirus" is derived from "mammal astrovirus."
Human mastastroviruses (HAstV) are further divided into eight major serotypes (HAstV-1 to HAstV-8), with additional genotypes and variants identified. Infection usually occurs through the fecal-oral route, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. While mastastrovirus infections are often self-limiting, they can cause severe dehydration and other complications, particularly in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly.
Research into mamastroviruses continues to advance our understanding of their epidemiology, pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic targets for treating astrovirus-induced gastroenteritis.
Astroviridae
Astrovirus
Enterotoxin
Viral disease
Avastrovirus 2
VPg
RNA virus
Astroviridae - Wikipedia
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Louping ill
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Reoviridae4
- Reoviridae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Reoviridae Infections" by people in this website by year, and whether "Reoviridae Infections" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Reoviridae Infections" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
- Less than 1% of the viral reads were related to viral families that infect humans, including members of the Adenoviridae, Reoviridae, Picornaviridae and Astroviridae families. (edu.pe)
Adenoviridae1
- A = Rotavirus , B = Adenovirus (Adenoviridae), C = Norovirus and D = Astrovirus (Astroviridae). (web.app)
Astrovirus1
- In animals, gastroenteritis is usually undiagnosed because most astrovirus infections are asymptomatic. (wikipedia.org)
Reovirus Infection1
- Cardiac cell-specific apoptotic and cytokine responses to reovirus infection: determinants of myocarditic phenotype. (ctsicn.org)
Gastroenteritis2
- Causan gastroenteritis en humanos y también infectan a otros vertebrados. (bvsalud.org)
- They are shown at the same magnification of approximately x 200,000: Date: 9 December 2007 (original upload date) Source: Transferred from en.wikipedia by Ronhjones: Author Gastroenteritis se običajno diagnosticira klinično na osnovi znakov in simptomov prizadete osebe. (web.app)
Avastrovirus2
- Avastrovirus 1-3 are associated with enteric infections in turkeys, ducks, chicken and guinea fowl. (wikipedia.org)
- In the absence of vaccines, sanitation is the prevalent way to prevent Avastrovirus infections. (wikipedia.org)
Viral6
- The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) established Astroviridae as a viral family in 1995. (wikipedia.org)
- The viral particles can be detected in fecal matter within 2 days and peak virus shedding occurs 4-5 days after infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. (web.app)
- However, the detection of a viral genome alone does not necessarily indicate there is a risk of infection or disease development. (edu.pe)
- Thus, further investigation is crucial for correlating the detection of viral metagenomes in samples with the risk of infection. (edu.pe)
- Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) 1, formerly called DHV-1, is one of three viruses which cause duck viral hepatitis (DVH), an acute, highly contagious, often-fatal viral infection of young ducklings. (poultrydvm.com)
Hepatitis2
- Astroviruses most frequently cause infection of the gastrointestinal tract but in some animals they may result in encephalitis (humans and cattle), hepatitis (avian) and nephritis (avian). (wikipedia.org)
- The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994. (unt.edu)
Disease2
- dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease that is frequently fatal, for which there are no vaccines or treatments, or a related agent with unknown risk of transmission. (absa.org)
- [7] There is no evidence of human infection or any disease associated with BAV. (wikimili.com)
Humans2
- Astroviruses (AstVs) are responsible for infection of a large diversity of mammalian and avian species, including bats, aquatic birds, livestock and humans. (biomedcentral.com)
- TIBV infection of humans has not been reported. (wikimili.com)
Viruses4
- Astroviridae is a family of non-enveloped ssRNA viruses that cause infections in different animals. (wikipedia.org)
- Infections with viruses of the family FLAVIVIRIDAE. (uams.edu)
- The results do, however, indicate that known mammalian viruses were present in the intestine as early as 24-48 hours after birth, indicating immediate infection post-partum or possibly transplacental infection. (slu.se)
- Biological differences in the virulence of viruses from different regions are also apparent as manifested by differences in mortality rates in infections in mice and plaque sizes in cell culture. (anipedia.org)
Diseases1
- Sheep- and goatpox are malignant systemic pox diseases of sheep and goats characterized by fever, macules developing into papules and necrotic lesions in the skin and nodular lesions in internal organs, secondary infections and death in susceptible stock. (anipedia.org)
Parechovirus4
- Sasidharan A, Banerjee D, Harrison CJ, Selvarangan R. Emergence of Parechovirus A3 as the Leading Cause of Central Nervous System Infection, Surpassing Any Single Enterovirus Type, in Children in Kansas City, Missouri, USA, from 2007 to 2016. (childrensmercy.org)
- Kilbride H, Jackson MA, Selvarangan R. Childhood Outcomes Following Parechovirus Infections in a US Young Infant Cohort. (childrensmercy.org)
- Sasidharan A, Harrison CJ, Banerjee D, Selvarangan R. Emergence of Parechovirus A4 Central Nervous System Infections among Infants in Kansas City, Missouri, USA. (childrensmercy.org)
- Severe Parechovirus 3 Infections in Young Infants-Kansas and Missouri, 2014. (childrensmercy.org)
Laboratory1
- 72, 76 Louping ill (LI) is a zoonosis associated with occasional infections in laboratory workers or persons engaged in the livestock industry who are exposed to tick bites or to infected animal tissues. (anipedia.org)
Virus4
- Birds infected by avian nephritis virus typically die within 3 weeks of infection. (wikipedia.org)
- The use of standard infection control precautions with the addition of transmission-based precautions most likely contained the spread of the virus in this situation. (dundee.ac.uk)
- Measles virus infection in rhesus macaques: altered immune responses and comparison of the virulence of six different strains. (unt.edu)
- Familia de pequeños virus de ARN, constituida por algunos patógenos importantes en humanos y animales. (bvsalud.org)
Family1
- Avastroviruses are members of the Astroviridae family that infect birds. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
- Human infections are usually self-limiting but may also spread systematically and infect immunocompromised individuals. (wikipedia.org)
Evidence1
- Bjoersdorff A, Brouqui P, Eliasson I, Massung RF, Wittesjo B, Berglund J. Serological evidence of Ehrlichia infection in Swedish Lyme borreliosis patients. (unt.edu)
Early1
- An in vitro tissue culture bilayer model to examine early events in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. (unt.edu)
Infect3
- Human infections are usually self-limiting but may also spread systematically and infect immunocompromised individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- Avastroviruses are members of the Astroviridae family that infect birds. (wikipedia.org)
- Viruses that infect eukaryotic cells within the human fecal virome have been identified to belong to families Astroviridae , Anelloviridae , Picornaviridae , Caliciviridae , and Herpesviridae , among others [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sapovirus3
- Enteric viruses such as adenovirus-F and -G (Adenoviridae), norovirus and sapovirus (Caliciviridae), astrovirus (Astroviridae), and rotavirus (Reoviridae) are spread by fecal-oral transmission resulting in localized intestinal infections characterized by tissue inflammation, disruption of the epithelial barrier, malabsorption, diarrhea, and vomiting. (nih.gov)
- While Norovirus causes winter-vomiting disease, Sapovirus infection is predominantly a diarrheal disease occurring chiefly in sporadic cases but also in outbreaks with no reported seasonality. (medscape.com)
- [ 42 , 43 , 44 ] Sapovirus infections occur mostly in children less than 5 years of age, although it has been suggested that a subset of Sapoviruses may be associated with disease in all age groups. (medscape.com)
Enteric3
- Avastrovirus 1-3 are associated with enteric infections in turkeys, ducks, chicken and guinea fowl. (wikipedia.org)
- How infection with FPV might impact the composition of the entire eukaryotic enteric virome in cats has not been characterized. (authorea.com)
- The differences in eukaryotic virome composition found in this study indicate that further investigations to determine associations between enteric viral co-infections on clinical disease severity in cats with FPL are warranted. (authorea.com)
Chronic infections2
- These gaps highlight the need for vaccines to prevent infections from RV, HAdV, HuNoV, HAstV, and HuSaV, which together account for most acute and chronic infections in people of all ages. (nih.gov)
- hepatitis , hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic infections), and cirrhosis . (mdwiki.org)
Mesh1
- Flaviviridae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
Vaccines2
- In the absence of vaccines, sanitation is the prevalent way to prevent Avastrovirus infections. (wikipedia.org)
- dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease that is frequently fatal, for which there are no vaccines or treatments, or a related agent with unknown risk of transmission. (absa.org)
Gastrointestinal2
- Astroviruses most frequently cause infection of the gastrointestinal tract but in some animals they may result in encephalitis (humans and cattle), hepatitis (avian) and nephritis (avian). (wikipedia.org)
- and 3) develop and advance new vaccine candidates to prevent infection or severe gastrointestinal disease. (nih.gov)
Include1
- Symptoms of this infection include seizure, lateral recumbency and impaired coordination. (wikipedia.org)
People2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Flaviviridae Infections" by people in this website by year, and whether "Flaviviridae Infections" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
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