A disorder associated with three or more of the following: eating until feeling uncomfortably full; eating large amounts of food when not physically hungry; eating much more rapidly than normal; eating alone due to embarrassment; feeling of disgust, DEPRESSION, or guilt after overeating. Criteria includes occurrence on average, at least 2 days a week for 6 months. The binge eating is not associated with the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (i.e. purging, excessive exercise, etc.) and does not co-occur exclusively with BULIMIA NERVOSA or ANOREXIA NERVOSA. (From DSM-IV, 1994)
A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.
An eating disorder that is characterized by a cycle of binge eating (BULIMIA or bingeing) followed by inappropriate acts (purging) to avert weight gain. Purging methods often include self-induced VOMITING, use of LAXATIVES or DIURETICS, excessive exercise, and FASTING.
Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".
Individuals' concept of their own bodies.
Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.
An eating disorder that is characterized by the lack or loss of APPETITE, known as ANOREXIA. Other features include excess fear of becoming OVERWEIGHT; BODY IMAGE disturbance; significant WEIGHT LOSS; refusal to maintain minimal normal weight; and AMENORRHEA. This disorder occurs most frequently in adolescent females. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)
Categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features. It is produced by the American Psychiatric Association. (DSM-IV, page xxii)
A person's view of himself.
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).
Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food.
The consumption of edible substances.
An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about personal characteristics which the subject checks.
A direct form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.
A directed conversation aimed at eliciting information for psychiatric diagnosis, evaluation, treatment planning, etc. The interview may be conducted by a social worker or psychologist.
Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.
Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.
A form of therapy in which two or more patients participate under the guidance of one or more psychotherapists for the purpose of treating emotional disturbances, social maladjustments, and psychotic states.
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standard of acceptable or desirable weight. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".
The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.
Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.
Mental disorders related to feeding and eating usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood.
Motivational state produced by inconsistencies between simultaneously held cognitions or between a cognition and behavior; e.g., smoking enjoyment and believing smoking is harmful are dissonant.
The selection of one food over another.
The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.
Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.
Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.
A diet designed to cause an individual to lose weight.
Preoccupations with appearance or self-image causing significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning.
A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
A generic term for the treatment of mental illness or emotional disturbances primarily by verbal or nonverbal communication.
The behavior of performing an act persistently and repetitively without it leading to reward or pleasure. The act is usually a small, circumscribed behavior, almost ritualistic, yet not pathologically disturbing. Examples of compulsive behavior include twirling of hair, checking something constantly, not wanting pennies in change, straightening tilted pictures, etc.
Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.
The desire for FOOD generated by a sensation arising from the lack of food in the STOMACH.
An act performed without delay, reflection, voluntary direction or obvious control in response to a stimulus.
Behavior-response patterns that characterize the individual.
Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.
An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.
Personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his or her own behavior versus fate, luck, or external forces. (ERIC Thesaurus, 1996).
Disorders related to substance abuse.
Behavioral response associated with the achieving of gratification.
The observable, measurable, and often pathological activity of an organism that portrays its inability to overcome a habit resulting in an insatiable craving for a substance or for performing certain acts. The addictive behavior includes the emotional and physical overdependence on the object of habit in increasing amount or frequency.
Any substances taken in by the body that provide nourishment.
Organizations which provide an environment encouraging social interactions through group activities or individual relationships especially for the purpose of rehabilitating or supporting patients, individuals with common health problems, or the elderly. They include therapeutic social clubs.
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.
Full gratification of a need or desire followed by a state of relative insensitivity to that particular need or desire.
Unconscious process used by an individual or a group of individuals in order to cope with impulses, feelings or ideas which are not acceptable at their conscious level; various types include reaction formation, projection and self reversal.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
The application of modern theories of learning and conditioning in the treatment of behavior disorders.
Books designed to give factual information or instructions.
Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.
The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.
Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.
Acquired or learned food preferences.
Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties.
Abnormal distention of the STOMACH due to accumulation of gastric contents that may reach 10 to 15 liters. Gastric dilatation may be the result of GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION; ILEUS; GASTROPARESIS; or denervation.
Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.
The study of significant causes and processes in the development of mental illness.
Method for obtaining information through verbal responses, written or oral, from subjects.
Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.
Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.
Any observable response or action of an adolescent.
A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.
Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.
Persistent, unwanted idea or impulse which is considered normal when it does not markedly interfere with mental processes or emotional adjustment.
Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.

Prefrontal cortical and striatal activity to happy and fear faces in bipolar disorder is associated with comorbid substance abuse and eating disorder. (1/142)

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Salivary cortisol and binge eating disorder in obese women after surgery for morbid obesity. (2/142)

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Patterns of co-morbidity of eating disorders and substance use in Swedish females. (3/142)

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Screening for binge eating disorders using the Patient Health Questionnaire in a community sample. (4/142)

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Overvaluation of shape and weight in binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and sub-threshold bulimia nervosa. (5/142)

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Validity and utility of subtyping anorexia nervosa. (6/142)

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Frequency of binge eating episodes in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: Diagnostic considerations. (7/142)

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Significance of overvaluation of shape/weight in binge-eating disorder: comparative study with overweight and bulimia nervosa. (8/142)

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Binge-Eating Disorder (BED) is a type of eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time, often to the point of discomfort or pain. These episodes are accompanied by a loss of control over eating and are not followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging or excessive exercise.

To be diagnosed with BED, an individual must experience these binge-eating episodes at least once a week for three months or more, along with feelings of distress, shame, or guilt about their eating habits. Additionally, the binge eating must occur on average at least once a week for three months.

BED is different from overeating and can cause significant emotional and physical problems, including depression, anxiety, obesity, and other health issues related to weight gain. It is important to seek professional help if you suspect that you or someone you know may have BED.

Eating disorders are mental health conditions characterized by significant disturbances in eating behaviors and associated distressing thoughts and emotions. They include several types of disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED). These disorders can have serious medical and psychological consequences if left untreated.

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by restrictive eating, low body weight, and an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. Individuals with anorexia may also have a distorted body image and deny the severity of their low body weight.

Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging (e.g., self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics), fasting, or excessive exercise to prevent weight gain.

Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of food in a short period of time, often to the point of discomfort, accompanied by feelings of loss of control and distress. Unlike bulimia nervosa, individuals with binge eating disorder do not engage in compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain.

Other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED) include atypical anorexia nervosa, subthreshold bulimia nervosa, and subthreshold binge eating disorder, which may have similar symptoms to the above disorders but do not meet all the diagnostic criteria.

Eating disorders can affect people of any age, gender, race, or ethnicity, and they are often associated with other mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Treatment typically involves a combination of psychological therapy, nutrition counseling, and medical management to address both the physical and psychological aspects of the disorder.

Bulimia nervosa is a mental health disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. These compensatory behaviors may include self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Individuals with bulimia nervosa often experience a lack of control over their eating habits and may feel intense shame, guilt, and distress about their binge eating and compensatory behaviors. The disorder can lead to serious medical complications, such as electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, dental problems, and gastrointestinal issues.

Bulimia nervosa typically begins in late adolescence or early adulthood and affects women more often than men. The exact cause of the disorder is not known, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic, biological, psychological, and social factors. Treatment for bulimia nervosa may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication, nutrition counseling, and support groups.

Bulimia nervosa is a mental health disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. These compensatory behaviors may include self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Individuals with bulimia nervosa often have a fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, which can lead to a cycle of binge eating and purging that can be difficult to break. The disorder can have serious medical consequences, including electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, dental problems, and damage to the digestive system.

Bulimia nervosa typically begins in late adolescence or early adulthood and affects women more often than men. Treatment for bulimia nervosa may include cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication, and nutritional counseling. If left untreated, bulimia nervosa can lead to serious health complications and negatively impact a person's quality of life.

Body image is a person's perception and attitude towards their own physical appearance, shape, and size. It involves how a person thinks and feels about their body, including their self-perceived strengths and flaws. Body image can be influenced by many factors, such as cultural and societal standards of beauty, personal experiences, and media messages. A positive body image is associated with higher self-esteem, confidence, and overall well-being, while a negative body image can contribute to emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and disordered eating behaviors.

Feeding behavior refers to the various actions and mechanisms involved in the intake of food and nutrition for the purpose of sustaining life, growth, and health. This complex process encompasses a coordinated series of activities, including:

1. Food selection: The identification, pursuit, and acquisition of appropriate food sources based on sensory cues (smell, taste, appearance) and individual preferences.
2. Preparation: The manipulation and processing of food to make it suitable for consumption, such as chewing, grinding, or chopping.
3. Ingestion: The act of transferring food from the oral cavity into the digestive system through swallowing.
4. Digestion: The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food within the gastrointestinal tract to facilitate nutrient absorption and eliminate waste products.
5. Assimilation: The uptake and utilization of absorbed nutrients by cells and tissues for energy production, growth, repair, and maintenance.
6. Elimination: The removal of undigested material and waste products from the body through defecation.

Feeding behavior is regulated by a complex interplay between neural, hormonal, and psychological factors that help maintain energy balance and ensure adequate nutrient intake. Disruptions in feeding behavior can lead to various medical conditions, such as malnutrition, obesity, eating disorders, and gastrointestinal motility disorders.

Anorexia nervosa is a psychological eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight, a distorted body image, and extremely restrictive eating behaviors leading to significantly low body weight. It primarily affects adolescent girls and young women but can also occur in boys and men. The diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), include:

1. Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health. Significantly low weight is defined as a weight that is less than minimally normal or, for children and adolescents, less than that expected.
2. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight.
3. Disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight.
4. In postmenarcheal females, amenorrhea (the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles). A woman is considered to have amenorrhea if her periods occur only following hormone replacement therapy.

Anorexia nervosa can manifest in two subtypes: the restricting type and the binge-eating/purging type. The restricting type involves limiting food intake without engaging in binge eating or purging behaviors, while the binge-eating/purging type includes recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging through self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas.

Anorexia nervosa can lead to severe medical complications, including but not limited to malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, heart problems, bone density loss, and hormonal disturbances. Early identification, intervention, and comprehensive treatment, which often involve a combination of psychotherapy, nutrition counseling, and medication management, are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of long-term health consequences.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a publication of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that provides diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. It is widely used by mental health professionals in the United States and around the world to diagnose and classify mental health conditions.

The DSM includes detailed descriptions of symptoms, clinical examples, and specific criteria for each disorder, which are intended to facilitate accurate diagnosis and improve communication among mental health professionals. The manual is regularly updated to reflect current research and clinical practice, with the most recent edition being the DSM-5, published in 2013.

It's important to note that while the DSM is a valuable tool for mental health professionals, it is not without controversy. Some critics argue that the manual medicalizes normal human experiences and that its categories may be too broad or overlapping. Nonetheless, it remains an essential resource for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in the field of mental health.

I am not a medical doctor, but I can provide you with some information on this topic. Self-concept is more commonly discussed in psychology than in medicine, but it still has relevance to understanding individual experiences and behaviors in health and illness.

Self-concept refers to an individual's perception, beliefs, and attitudes about themselves, encompassing various dimensions such as:

1. Physical self (how one perceives their physical appearance, abilities, and health)
2. Social self (how one perceives their relationships with others, social roles, and status)
3. Psychological or personal self (how one perceives their personality traits, values, and beliefs)

Self-concept can influence how people view their own health, cope with illness, and engage in health behaviors. For example, a positive self-concept may contribute to better adherence to treatment plans and healthier lifestyle choices, while negative self-concepts might lead to poorer health outcomes due to decreased motivation or self-efficacy.

Understanding an individual's self-concept can help healthcare professionals tailor their communication style, recommendations, and interventions to better meet the patient's needs and preferences.

Obesity is a complex disease characterized by an excess accumulation of body fat to the extent that it negatively impacts health. It's typically defined using Body Mass Index (BMI), a measure calculated from a person's weight and height. A BMI of 30 or higher is indicative of obesity. However, it's important to note that while BMI can be a useful tool for identifying obesity in populations, it does not directly measure body fat and may not accurately reflect health status in individuals. Other factors such as waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar levels should also be considered when assessing health risks associated with weight.

Hyperphagia is a medical term that describes excessive eating or increased appetite, often to the point of compulsive overeating. It's more than just a simple increase in hunger or appetite; it's characterized by consuming large amounts of food beyond what is needed for normal growth and health.

This condition can be associated with several medical conditions. For instance, it's a common symptom in Prader-Willi syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects appetite, growth, and cognitive development. It can also occur in certain types of brain injuries or disorders affecting the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that regulates hunger and fullness signals.

However, it's important to note that hyperphagia should not be confused with binge eating disorder, another eating disorder characterized by consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time, but without the feeling of loss of control that is typical of binge eating.

As always, if you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of hyperphagia, it's important to seek medical advice to identify and treat any underlying conditions.

The medical definition of "eating" refers to the process of consuming and ingesting food or nutrients into the body. This process typically involves several steps, including:

1. Food preparation: This may involve cleaning, chopping, cooking, or combining ingredients to make them ready for consumption.
2. Ingestion: The act of taking food or nutrients into the mouth and swallowing it.
3. Digestion: Once food is ingested, it travels down the esophagus and enters the stomach, where it is broken down by enzymes and acids to facilitate absorption of nutrients.
4. Absorption: Nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and transported to cells throughout the body for use as energy or building blocks for growth and repair.
5. Elimination: Undigested food and waste products are eliminated from the body through the large intestine (colon) and rectum.

Eating is an essential function that provides the body with the nutrients it needs to maintain health, grow, and repair itself. Disorders of eating, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, can have serious consequences for physical and mental health.

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure used to assess whether a person has a healthy weight for their height. It's calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters. Here is the medical definition:

Body Mass Index (BMI) = weight(kg) / [height(m)]^2

According to the World Health Organization, BMI categories are defined as follows:

* Less than 18.5: Underweight
* 18.5-24.9: Normal or healthy weight
* 25.0-29.9: Overweight
* 30.0 and above: Obese

It is important to note that while BMI can be a useful tool for identifying weight issues in populations, it does have limitations when applied to individuals. For example, it may not accurately reflect body fat distribution or muscle mass, which can affect health risks associated with excess weight. Therefore, BMI should be used as one of several factors when evaluating an individual's health status and risk for chronic diseases.

A Personality Inventory is a standardized test used in psychology to assess an individual's personality traits and characteristics. It typically consists of a series of multiple-choice questions or statements that the respondent must rate according to their level of agreement or disagreement. The inventory measures various aspects of an individual's behavior, attitudes, and temperament, providing a quantifiable score that can be compared to normative data to help diagnose personality disorders, assess personal strengths and weaknesses, or provide insights into an individual's likely responses to different situations. Examples of well-known personality inventories include the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the California Psychological Inventory (CPI).

Cognitive Therapy (CT) is a type of psychotherapeutic treatment that helps patients understand the thoughts and feelings that influence behaviors. It is a form of talk therapy where the therapist and the patient work together to identify and change negative or distorted thinking patterns and beliefs, with the goal of improving emotional response and behavior.

Cognitive Therapy is based on the idea that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are all interconnected, and that negative or inaccurate thoughts can contribute to problems like anxiety and depression. By identifying and challenging these thoughts, patients can learn to think more realistically and positively, which can lead to improvements in their mood and behavior.

In cognitive therapy sessions, the therapist will help the patient identify negative thought patterns and replace them with healthier, more accurate ways of thinking. The therapist may also assign homework or exercises for the patient to practice between sessions, such as keeping a thought record or challenging negative thoughts.

Cognitive Therapy has been shown to be effective in treating a wide range of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is often used in combination with other forms of treatment, such as medication, and can be delivered individually or in group settings.

A psychological interview is a clinical assessment tool used by mental health professionals to gather information about a person's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral status. It is a structured or unstructured conversation between the clinician and the client aimed at understanding the client's symptoms, concerns, personal history, current life situation, and any other relevant factors that contribute to their psychological state.

The interview may cover various topics such as the individual's mental health history, family background, social relationships, education, occupation, coping mechanisms, and substance use. The clinician will also assess the person's cognitive abilities, emotional expression, thought processes, and behavior during the interview to help form a diagnosis or treatment plan.

The psychological interview is an essential component of a comprehensive mental health evaluation, as it provides valuable insights into the individual's subjective experiences and helps establish a therapeutic relationship between the clinician and the client. It can be conducted in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, private practices, or community centers.

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales are standardized assessment tools used by mental health professionals to evaluate and rate the severity of a person's psychiatric symptoms and functioning. These scales provide a systematic and structured approach to measuring various aspects of an individual's mental health, such as mood, anxiety, psychosis, behavior, and cognitive abilities.

The purpose of using Psychiatric Status Rating Scales is to:

1. Assess the severity and improvement of psychiatric symptoms over time.
2. Aid in diagnostic decision-making and treatment planning.
3. Monitor treatment response and adjust interventions accordingly.
4. Facilitate communication among mental health professionals about a patient's status.
5. Provide an objective basis for research and epidemiological studies.

Examples of Psychiatric Status Rating Scales include:

1. Clinical Global Impression (CGI): A brief, subjective rating scale that measures overall illness severity, treatment response, and improvement.
2. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): A comprehensive scale used to assess the symptoms of psychosis, including positive, negative, and general psychopathology domains.
3. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) or Montgomery-Ã…sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS): Scales used to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms.
4. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS): A scale used to assess the severity of manic or hypomanic symptoms.
5. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) or Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R): Scales that measure a broad range of psychiatric symptoms and psychopathology.
6. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF): A scale used to rate an individual's overall psychological, social, and occupational functioning on a hypothetical continuum of mental health-illness.

It is important to note that Psychiatric Status Rating Scales should be administered by trained mental health professionals to ensure accurate and reliable results.

A questionnaire in the medical context is a standardized, systematic, and structured tool used to gather information from individuals regarding their symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, or other health-related factors. It typically consists of a series of written questions that can be either self-administered or administered by an interviewer. Questionnaires are widely used in various areas of healthcare, including clinical research, epidemiological studies, patient care, and health services evaluation to collect data that can inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and population health management. They provide a consistent and organized method for obtaining information from large groups or individual patients, helping to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection while minimizing bias and variability in the information gathered.

Group psychotherapy is a form of psychotherapy in which a trained therapist treats a small group of individuals together as a group. The therapy focuses on interpersonal relationships and social interactions among the members of the group. The group becomes a social microcosm for each individual, allowing them to understand and work through their issues in relation to others.

The size of the group typically ranges from 5-12 members, and meetings can be held in various settings such as hospitals, community mental health centers, or private practice offices. The duration of the therapy can vary, ranging from brief, time-limited groups that meet for several weeks to longer-term groups that meet for several months or even years.

Group psychotherapy can be used to treat a wide range of psychological issues, including depression, anxiety, personality disorders, trauma, and relational difficulties. The therapist facilitates the group process by creating a safe and supportive environment where members can share their thoughts, feelings, and experiences with one another. Through this process, members can gain insights into their own behavior, develop new social skills, and improve their relationships with others.

Medically, 'overweight' is a term used to describe a person whose body weight is greater than what is considered healthy for their height. This excess weight often comes from fat, muscle, bone, or water accumulation. The most commonly used measure to define overweight is the Body Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters. A BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of 30.0 or higher is considered obese. However, it's important to note that BMI doesn't directly measure body fat and may not accurately reflect health status for all individuals, such as athletes with high muscle mass.

Comorbidity is the presence of one or more additional health conditions or diseases alongside a primary illness or condition. These co-occurring health issues can have an impact on the treatment plan, prognosis, and overall healthcare management of an individual. Comorbidities often interact with each other and the primary condition, leading to more complex clinical situations and increased healthcare needs. It is essential for healthcare professionals to consider and address comorbidities to provide comprehensive care and improve patient outcomes.

Psychometrics is a branch of psychology that deals with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, such as the development and standardization of tests used to measure intelligence, aptitude, personality, attitudes, and other mental abilities or traits. It involves the construction and validation of measurement instruments, including the determination of their reliability and validity, and the application of statistical methods to analyze test data and interpret results. The ultimate goal of psychometrics is to provide accurate, objective, and meaningful measurements that can be used to understand individual differences and make informed decisions in educational, clinical, and organizational settings.

Body weight is the measure of the force exerted on a scale or balance by an object's mass, most commonly expressed in units such as pounds (lb) or kilograms (kg). In the context of medical definitions, body weight typically refers to an individual's total weight, which includes their skeletal muscle, fat, organs, and bodily fluids.

Healthcare professionals often use body weight as a basic indicator of overall health status, as it can provide insights into various aspects of a person's health, such as nutritional status, metabolic function, and risk factors for certain diseases. For example, being significantly underweight or overweight can increase the risk of developing conditions like malnutrition, diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.

It is important to note that body weight alone may not provide a complete picture of an individual's health, as it does not account for factors such as muscle mass, bone density, or body composition. Therefore, healthcare professionals often use additional measures, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood tests, to assess overall health status more comprehensively.

Weight loss is a reduction in body weight attributed to loss of fluid, fat, muscle, or bone mass. It can be intentional through dieting and exercise or unintentional due to illness or disease. Unintentional weight loss is often a cause for concern and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan. Rapid or significant weight loss can also have serious health consequences, so it's important to approach any weight loss plan in a healthy and sustainable way.

Depression is a mood disorder that is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities. It can also cause significant changes in sleep, appetite, energy level, concentration, and behavior. Depression can interfere with daily life and normal functioning, and it can increase the risk of suicide and other mental health disorders. The exact cause of depression is not known, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. There are several types of depression, including major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, postpartum depression, and seasonal affective disorder. Treatment for depression typically involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy.

"Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood" is a diagnostic category in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which is used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental disorders. This category includes several specific feeding and eating disorders that typically first occur during childhood or infancy. They are:

1. Pica: The persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances for a period of at least one month.
2. Rumination Disorder: The repeated regurgitation of food for a period of at least one month.
3. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): The avoidance or restriction of food intake that leads to significant nutritional deficiency or failure to gain weight, but it's not due to lack of available food or a cultural practice.
4. Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders: This includes disorders that don't meet the criteria for any specific feeding or eating disorder, such as a child who eats only a very limited range of foods and has significant distress about it.
5. Unspecified Feeding and Eating Disorders: This is used when the clinician chooses not to specify the reason for not meeting the criteria for any specific feeding or eating disorder.

These disorders can lead to significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. It's important to note that children with these disorders should receive comprehensive evaluation and treatment from a mental health professional who specializes in eating disorders.

Cognitive dissonance is a term used in psychology to describe the uncomfortable feeling or stress that results from holding two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or attitudes at the same time, or from engaging in behavior that conflicts with one's beliefs or values. This discrepancy can also occur when a person's actions do not align with their expectations or goals.

The theory of cognitive dissonance was first introduced by Leon Festinger in 1957. According to Festinger, people strive for internal consistency and will go to great lengths to reduce the discomfort caused by inconsistency. When faced with cognitive dissonance, individuals may change their beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors to bring them into alignment, or they may justify their behavior by creating new rationalizations or excuses.

For example, a person who values being environmentally friendly might experience cognitive dissonance if they purchase a gas-guzzling car. To reduce the discomfort caused by this inconsistency, they might try to justify their decision by convincing themselves that they need the car for work or family reasons, or they might decide to offset their carbon emissions by engaging in other environmentally friendly behaviors.

Cognitive dissonance can have significant implications for health and well-being, as it has been linked to stress, anxiety, and depression. It is also an important concept in the field of psychology because it helps to explain how people change their attitudes and behaviors over time.

Food preferences are personal likes or dislikes towards certain types of food or drinks, which can be influenced by various factors such as cultural background, individual experiences, taste, texture, smell, appearance, and psychological factors. Food preferences can also be shaped by dietary habits, nutritional needs, health conditions, and medication requirements. They play a significant role in shaping an individual's dietary choices and overall eating behavior, which can have implications for their nutritional status, growth, development, and long-term health outcomes.

Prevalence, in medical terms, refers to the total number of people in a given population who have a particular disease or condition at a specific point in time, or over a specified period. It is typically expressed as a percentage or a ratio of the number of cases to the size of the population. Prevalence differs from incidence, which measures the number of new cases that develop during a certain period.

Anxiety disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by feelings of excessive and persistent worry, fear, or anxiety that interfere with daily activities. They include several different types of disorders, such as:

1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): This is characterized by chronic and exaggerated worry and tension, even when there is little or nothing to provoke it.
2. Panic Disorder: This is characterized by recurring unexpected panic attacks and fear of experiencing more panic attacks.
3. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): Also known as social phobia, this is characterized by excessive fear, anxiety, or avoidance of social situations due to feelings of embarrassment, self-consciousness, and concern about being judged or viewed negatively by others.
4. Phobias: These are intense, irrational fears of certain objects, places, or situations. When a person with a phobia encounters the object or situation they fear, they may experience panic attacks or other severe anxiety responses.
5. Agoraphobia: This is a fear of being in places where it may be difficult to escape or get help if one has a panic attack or other embarrassing or incapacitating symptoms.
6. Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD): This is characterized by excessive anxiety about separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (such as a parent, sibling, or partner).
7. Selective Mutism: This is a disorder where a child becomes mute in certain situations, such as at school, but can speak normally at home or with close family members.

These disorders are treatable with a combination of medication and psychotherapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy). It's important to seek professional help if you suspect that you or someone you know may have an anxiety disorder.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

In medical and psychological terms, "affect" refers to a person's emotional or expressive state, mood, or dispositions that are outwardly manifested in their behavior, facial expressions, demeanor, or speech. Affect can be described as being congruent or incongruent with an individual's thoughts and experiences.

There are different types of affect, including:

1. Neutral affect: When a person shows no apparent emotion or displays minimal emotional expressiveness.
2. Positive affect: When a person exhibits positive emotions such as happiness, excitement, or enthusiasm.
3. Negative affect: When a person experiences and displays negative emotions like sadness, anger, or fear.
4. Blunted affect: When a person's emotional response is noticeably reduced or diminished, often observed in individuals with certain mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia.
5. Flat affect: When a person has an almost complete absence of emotional expressiveness, which can be indicative of severe depression or other mental health disorders.
6. Labile affect: When a person's emotional state fluctuates rapidly and frequently between positive and negative emotions, often observed in individuals with certain neurological conditions or mood disorders.

Clinicians may assess a patient's affect during an interview or examination to help diagnose mental health conditions, evaluate treatment progress, or monitor overall well-being.

A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. It's associated with distress and/or impaired functioning in social, occupational, or other important areas of life, often leading to a decrease in quality of life. These disorders are typically persistent and can be severe and disabling. They may be related to factors such as genetics, early childhood experiences, or trauma. Examples include depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and personality disorders. It's important to note that a diagnosis should be made by a qualified mental health professional.

A diet that is reduced in calories or portion sizes, often specifically designed to help a person achieve weight loss. A reducing diet typically aims to create a caloric deficit, where the body takes in fewer calories than it uses, leading to a reduction in body fat stores and overall body weight. These diets may also focus on limiting certain types of foods, such as those high in sugar or unhealthy fats, while encouraging increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any reducing diet to ensure it is safe, appropriate, and nutritionally balanced for the individual's needs.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where an individual becomes obsessed with perceived flaws or defects in their appearance, which are often either minimal or not observable to others. The preoccupation with these real or imagined physical imperfections can cause significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, and other areas of functioning.

Individuals with BDD may spend excessive time examining themselves in the mirror, seeking reassurance from others, or trying to camouflage or cover up their perceived flaws. They may also engage in repetitive behaviors such as skin picking, hair pulling, or excessive grooming. The obsessions and compulsions related to BDD can lead to significant anxiety, depression, and social isolation.

BDD typically begins in adolescence and is more common in women than men. It is important to note that BDD is different from normal concerns about appearance, as the preoccupation with perceived flaws in BDD is excessive and causes significant distress or impairment. Treatment for BDD often involves a combination of medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). When you become depressed, you may feel sad or hopeless and lose interest or pleasure in most activities. When your mood shifts to mania or hypomania (a less severe form of mania), you may feel euphoric, full of energy, or unusually irritable. These mood swings can significantly affect your job, school, relationships, and overall quality of life.

Bipolar disorder is typically characterized by the presence of one or more manic or hypomanic episodes, often accompanied by depressive episodes. The episodes may be separated by periods of normal mood, but in some cases, a person may experience rapid cycling between mania and depression.

There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:

* Bipolar I Disorder: This type is characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, which may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.
* Bipolar II Disorder: This type involves the presence of at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode, but no manic episodes.
* Cyclothymic Disorder: This type is characterized by numerous periods of hypomania and depression that are not severe enough to meet the criteria for a full manic or depressive episode.
* Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders: These categories include bipolar disorders that do not fit the criteria for any of the other types.

The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown, but it appears to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurochemical factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes to help manage symptoms and prevent relapses.

Follow-up studies are a type of longitudinal research that involve repeated observations or measurements of the same variables over a period of time, in order to understand their long-term effects or outcomes. In medical context, follow-up studies are often used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of medical treatments, interventions, or procedures.

In a typical follow-up study, a group of individuals (called a cohort) who have received a particular treatment or intervention are identified and then followed over time through periodic assessments or data collection. The data collected may include information on clinical outcomes, adverse events, changes in symptoms or functional status, and other relevant measures.

The results of follow-up studies can provide important insights into the long-term benefits and risks of medical interventions, as well as help to identify factors that may influence treatment effectiveness or patient outcomes. However, it is important to note that follow-up studies can be subject to various biases and limitations, such as loss to follow-up, recall bias, and changes in clinical practice over time, which must be carefully considered when interpreting the results.

Psychotherapy is a type of treatment used primarily to treat mental health disorders and other emotional or behavioral issues. It involves a therapeutic relationship between a trained psychotherapist and a patient, where they work together to understand the patient's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, identify patterns that may be causing distress, and develop strategies to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

There are many different approaches to psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, interpersonal therapy, and others. The specific approach used will depend on the individual patient's needs and preferences, as well as the training and expertise of the therapist.

Psychotherapy can be conducted in individual, group, or family sessions, and may be provided in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, clinics, private practices, or online platforms. The goal of psychotherapy is to help patients understand themselves better, develop coping skills, improve their relationships, and enhance their overall quality of life.

Compulsive behavior is a type of repetitive behavior that an individual feels driven to perform, despite its negative impact on their daily life and mental health. It is often driven by an overwhelming urge or anxiety, and the person may experience distress if they are unable to carry out the behavior. Compulsive behaviors can be associated with various psychiatric conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder, eating disorders, and impulse control disorders.

Examples of compulsive behaviors include:

1. Excessive handwashing or cleaning
2. Repeatedly checking locks, light switches, or appliances
3. Ordering or arranging items in a specific way
4. Compulsive hoarding
5. Compulsive shopping or spending
6. Compulsive eating or purging behaviors (such as those seen in bulimia nervosa)
7. Compulsive sexual behavior (sex addiction)
8. Compulsive exercise
9. Compulsive hair pulling (trichotillomania)
10. Compulsive skin picking (excoriation disorder)

Treatment for compulsive behaviors typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy), and lifestyle changes to help manage the underlying causes and reduce the urge to engage in the compulsive behavior.

Mood disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by significant and persistent changes in mood, affect, and emotional state. These disorders can cause disturbances in normal functioning and significantly impair an individual's ability to carry out their daily activities. The two primary types of mood disorders are depressive disorders (such as major depressive disorder or persistent depressive disorder) and bipolar disorders (which include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymic disorder).

Depressive disorders involve prolonged periods of low mood, sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in activities. Individuals with these disorders may also experience changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, concentration, and self-esteem. In severe cases, they might have thoughts of death or suicide.

Bipolar disorders involve alternating episodes of mania (or hypomania) and depression. During a manic episode, individuals may feel extremely elated, energetic, or irritable, with racing thoughts, rapid speech, and impulsive behavior. They might engage in risky activities, have decreased sleep needs, and display poor judgment. In contrast, depressive episodes involve the same symptoms as depressive disorders.

Mood disorders can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Proper diagnosis and treatment, which may include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, are essential for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.

In medical terms, "hunger" is not specifically defined as a clinical condition. However, it generally refers to the physiological need or desire for food and calories, driven by mechanisms in the brain and body that regulate energy balance. This sensation often arises when the body's energy stores are depleted, or when there has been a prolonged period without food intake.

Hunger is primarily mediated by hormones such as ghrelin, which stimulates appetite, and leptin, which signals satiety. The hypothalamus in the brain plays a crucial role in integrating these hormonal signals to regulate hunger and energy balance. Additionally, other factors like sleep deprivation, stress, and certain medical conditions can also influence feelings of hunger.

Impulsive behavior can be defined medically as actions performed without proper thought or consideration of the consequences, driven by immediate needs, desires, or urges. It often involves risky or inappropriate behaviors that may lead to negative outcomes. In a clinical context, impulsivity is frequently associated with certain mental health conditions such as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, and some neurological conditions. It's important to note that everyone can exhibit impulsive behavior at times, but when it becomes a persistent pattern causing distress or functional impairment, it may indicate an underlying condition requiring professional assessment and treatment.

In the context of medicine and psychology, personality is a complex concept that refers to the unique patterns of thoughts, behaviors, and emotions that define an individual and differentiate them from others. It is the set of characteristics that influence how we perceive the world, how we relate to other people, and how we cope with stress and challenges.

Personality is thought to be relatively stable over time, although it can also evolve and change in response to life experiences and maturation. It is shaped by a combination of genetic factors, environmental influences, and developmental experiences.

There are many different theories and models of personality, including the Five Factor Model (FFM), which identifies five broad domains of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Other approaches to understanding personality include psychoanalytic theory, humanistic psychology, and trait theory.

It's important to note that while the term "personality" is often used in everyday language to describe someone's behavior or demeanor, in medical and psychological contexts it refers to a more complex and multifaceted construct.

'Diseases in Twins' is a field of study that focuses on the similarities and differences in the occurrence, development, and outcomes of diseases among twins. This research can provide valuable insights into the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to various medical conditions.

Twins can be classified into two types: monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal). Monozygotic twins share 100% of their genes, while dizygotic twins share about 50%, similar to non-twin siblings. By comparing the concordance rates (the likelihood of both twins having the same disease) between monozygotic and dizygotic twins, researchers can estimate the heritability of a particular disease.

Studying diseases in twins also helps understand the role of environmental factors. When both twins develop the same disease, but they are discordant for certain risk factors (e.g., one twin smokes and the other does not), it suggests that the disease may have a stronger genetic component. On the other hand, when both twins share similar risk factors and develop the disease, it implies that environmental factors play a significant role.

Diseases in Twins research has contributed to our understanding of various medical conditions, including infectious diseases, cancer, mental health disorders, and developmental disorders. This knowledge can lead to better prevention strategies, early detection methods, and more targeted treatments for these diseases.

A depressive disorder is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. It can also include changes in sleep, appetite, energy levels, concentration, and self-esteem, as well as thoughts of death or suicide. Depressive disorders can vary in severity and duration, with some people experiencing mild and occasional symptoms, while others may have severe and chronic symptoms that interfere with their ability to function in daily life.

There are several types of depressive disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), persistent depressive disorder (PDD), and postpartum depression. MDD is characterized by symptoms that interfere significantly with a person's ability to function and last for at least two weeks, while PDD involves chronic low-grade depression that lasts for two years or more. Postpartum depression occurs in women after childbirth and can range from mild to severe.

Depressive disorders are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy (talk therapy), and lifestyle changes.

I am not aware of a medical definition for "Internal-External Control." However, the term "locus of control" is commonly used in psychology and medicine to describe an individual's belief about the degree to which they have control over events and outcomes in their life.

Locus of control can be categorized as either internal or external:

* Internal locus of control refers to the belief that one has control over their own life outcomes, and that these outcomes are determined by their own efforts, abilities, and choices.
* External locus of control, on the other hand, refers to the belief that events and outcomes in one's life are controlled by external factors such as luck, chance, or powerful others.

Both internal and external locus of control can have implications for health behaviors and medical outcomes. For example, individuals with an internal locus of control may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviors such as exercise and healthy eating, while those with an external locus of control may be more likely to engage in risky behaviors such as smoking or substance abuse. Similarly, a strong internal locus of control has been associated with better medical outcomes, including improved mental health and reduced symptoms of chronic illness.

Substance-related disorders, as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), refer to a group of conditions caused by the use of substances such as alcohol, drugs, or medicines. These disorders are characterized by a problematic pattern of using a substance that leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. They can be divided into two main categories: substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders. Substance use disorders involve a pattern of compulsive use despite negative consequences, while substance-induced disorders include conditions such as intoxication, withdrawal, and substance/medication-induced mental disorders. The specific diagnosis depends on the type of substance involved, the patterns of use, and the presence or absence of physiological dependence.

Satiety response is a term used in the field of nutrition and physiology to describe the feeling of fullness or satisfaction that follows food consumption. It is a complex process regulated by several factors, including the mechanical and chemical signals generated during digestion, hormonal responses, and psychological factors. The satiety response helps control food intake and energy balance by inhibiting further eating until the body has had enough time to metabolize and absorb the nutrients from the meal.

The satiety response can be influenced by various factors such as the type, volume, and texture of food consumed, as well as individual differences in appetite regulation and metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the satiety response is important for developing strategies to promote healthy eating behaviors and prevent overeating, which can contribute to obesity and other health problems.

Addictive behavior is a pattern of repeated self-destructive behavior, often identified by the individual's inability to stop despite negative consequences. It can involve a variety of actions such as substance abuse (e.g., alcohol, drugs), gambling, sex, shopping, or using technology (e.g., internet, social media, video games).

These behaviors activate the brain's reward system, leading to feelings of pleasure and satisfaction. Over time, the individual may require more of the behavior to achieve the same level of pleasure, resulting in tolerance. If the behavior is stopped or reduced, withdrawal symptoms may occur.

Addictive behaviors can have serious consequences on an individual's physical, emotional, social, and financial well-being. They are often associated with mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Treatment typically involves a combination of behavioral therapy, medication, and support groups to help the individual overcome the addiction and develop healthy coping mechanisms.

A medical definition of 'food' would be:

"Substances consumed by living organisms, usually in the form of meals, which contain necessary nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. These substances are broken down during digestion to provide energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate bodily functions."

It's important to note that while this is a medical definition, it also aligns with common understanding of what food is.

Self-help groups (SHGs) are peer-led support groups that provide a structured, safe, and confidential environment for individuals who share similar experiences or conditions to come together and offer each other emotional, social, and practical support. SHGs can be focused on various health issues such as mental illness, addiction, chronic diseases, or any personal challenges. The members of these groups share their experiences, provide mutual aid, education, and empowerment to cope with their situations effectively. They follow a common self-help philosophy that emphasizes the importance of personal responsibility, self-advocacy, and mutual respect in the recovery process. SHGs can complement professional medical or therapeutic treatments but are not intended to replace them.

Vomiting is defined in medical terms as the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. It is a violent, involuntary act that is usually accompanied by strong contractions of the abdominal muscles and retching. The body's vomiting reflex is typically triggered when the brain receives signals from the digestive system that something is amiss.

There are many potential causes of vomiting, including gastrointestinal infections, food poisoning, motion sickness, pregnancy, alcohol consumption, and certain medications or medical conditions. In some cases, vomiting can be a symptom of a more serious underlying condition, such as a brain injury, concussion, or chemical imbalance in the body.

Vomiting is generally not considered a serious medical emergency on its own, but it can lead to dehydration and other complications if left untreated. If vomiting persists for an extended period of time, or if it is accompanied by other concerning symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, fever, or difficulty breathing, it is important to seek medical attention promptly.

Satiation is a term used in the field of nutrition and physiology, which refers to the feeling of fullness or satisfaction that one experiences after eating food. It is the point at which further consumption of food no longer adds to the sensation of hunger or the desire to eat. This response is influenced by various factors such as the type and amount of food consumed, nutrient composition, energy density, individual appetite regulatory hormones, and gastric distension.

Satiation plays a crucial role in regulating food intake and maintaining energy balance. Understanding the mechanisms underlying satiation can help individuals make healthier food choices and prevent overeating, thereby reducing the risk of obesity and other related health issues.

Defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies that individuals use to cope with stressful, threatening, or uncomfortable situations. These mechanisms help protect the ego from being overwhelmed by anxiety, fear, or other negative emotions. They can also help individuals maintain a positive self-image and a sense of control in difficult circumstances.

There are many different types of defense mechanisms, including:

1. Repression: The unconscious forgetting or pushing aside of painful memories or thoughts.
2. Denial: Refusing to acknowledge the existence or reality of a threatening situation or feeling.
3. Projection: Attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or emotions to someone else.
4. Displacement: Channeling unacceptable feelings toward a safer or less threatening target.
5. Rationalization: Creating logical explanations or excuses for unacceptable behavior or feelings.
6. Reaction formation: Converting unconscious impulses or desires into their opposite, conscious attitudes or behaviors.
7. Sublimation: Transforming unacceptable impulses or instincts into socially acceptable behaviors or activities.
8. Regression: Returning to an earlier stage of development in order to cope with stress or anxiety.
9. Suppression: Consciously pushing aside unwanted thoughts or feelings.
10. Identification: Adopting the characteristics, attitudes, or behaviors of another person as a way of coping with anxiety or fear.

Defense mechanisms can be adaptive or maladaptive, depending on the situation and how they are used. While they can help individuals cope with stress and maintain their emotional well-being in the short term, relying too heavily on defense mechanisms can lead to problems in relationships, work, and other areas of life. It is important for individuals to be aware of their defense mechanisms and work to develop healthier coping strategies over time.

Medical Definition:

"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.

Psychological models are theoretical frameworks used in psychology to explain and predict mental processes and behaviors. They are simplified representations of complex phenomena, consisting of interrelated concepts, assumptions, and hypotheses that describe how various factors interact to produce specific outcomes. These models can be quantitative (e.g., mathematical equations) or qualitative (e.g., conceptual diagrams) in nature and may draw upon empirical data, theoretical insights, or both.

Psychological models serve several purposes:

1. They provide a systematic and organized way to understand and describe psychological phenomena.
2. They generate hypotheses and predictions that can be tested through empirical research.
3. They integrate findings from different studies and help synthesize knowledge across various domains of psychology.
4. They inform the development of interventions and treatments for mental health disorders.

Examples of psychological models include:

1. The Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality, which posits that individual differences in personality can be described along five broad dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.
2. The Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) model, which suggests that maladaptive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected and can be changed through targeted interventions.
3. The Dual Process Theory of Attitudes, which proposes that attitudes are formed and influenced by two distinct processes: a rapid, intuitive process (heuristic) and a slower, deliberative process (systematic).
4. The Social Cognitive Theory, which emphasizes the role of observational learning, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations in shaping behavior.
5. The Attachment Theory, which describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between humans, particularly the parent-child relationship.

It is important to note that psychological models are provisional and subject to revision or replacement as new evidence emerges. They should be considered as useful tools for understanding and explaining psychological phenomena rather than definitive truths.

Behavior therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on modifying harmful or unhealthy behaviors, thoughts, and emotions by applying learning principles derived from behavioral psychology. The goal of behavior therapy is to reinforce positive behaviors and eliminate negative ones through various techniques such as systematic desensitization, aversion therapy, exposure therapy, and operant conditioning.

Systematic desensitization involves gradually exposing the individual to a feared situation or stimulus while teaching them relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. Aversion therapy aims to associate an undesirable behavior with an unpleasant stimulus to discourage the behavior. Exposure therapy exposes the individual to a feared situation or object in a controlled and safe environment to help them overcome their fear. Operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to encourage desirable behaviors and discourage undesirable ones.

Behavior therapy has been found to be effective in treating various mental health conditions, including anxiety disorders, phobias, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders. It is often used in combination with other forms of therapy and medication to provide a comprehensive treatment plan for individuals seeking help for mental health concerns.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Manuals as Topic" is not a recognized medical term or concept. A manual typically refers to a book or guide that provides instructions or information about a particular subject or task. In a medical context, manuals may include clinical practice guidelines, procedural manuals, policy manuals, or training manuals that provide guidance for healthcare professionals in diagnosing, treating, and managing various medical conditions or situations. However, "Manuals as Topic" is too broad and does not refer to a specific medical concept. If you have a more specific question about a particular type of medical manual, I'd be happy to help!

"Energy intake" is a medical term that refers to the amount of energy or calories consumed through food and drink. It is an important concept in the study of nutrition, metabolism, and energy balance, and is often used in research and clinical settings to assess an individual's dietary habits and health status.

Energy intake is typically measured in kilocalories (kcal) or joules (J), with one kcal equivalent to approximately 4.184 J. The recommended daily energy intake varies depending on factors such as age, sex, weight, height, physical activity level, and overall health status.

It's important to note that excessive energy intake, particularly when combined with a sedentary lifestyle, can lead to weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, inadequate energy intake can lead to malnutrition, decreased immune function, and other health problems. Therefore, it's essential to maintain a balanced energy intake that meets individual nutritional needs while promoting overall health and well-being.

Interpersonal relations, in the context of medicine and healthcare, refer to the interactions and relationships between patients and healthcare professionals, as well as among healthcare professionals themselves. These relationships are crucial in the delivery of care and can significantly impact patient outcomes. Positive interpersonal relations can lead to improved communication, increased trust, greater patient satisfaction, and better adherence to treatment plans. On the other hand, negative or strained interpersonal relations can result in poor communication, mistrust, dissatisfaction, and non-adherence.

Healthcare professionals are trained to develop effective interpersonal skills, including active listening, empathy, respect, and cultural sensitivity, to build positive relationships with their patients. Effective interpersonal relations also involve clear and concise communication, setting appropriate boundaries, and managing conflicts in a constructive manner. In addition, positive interpersonal relations among healthcare professionals can promote collaboration, teamwork, and knowledge sharing, leading to improved patient care and safety.

"Sex factors" is a term used in medicine and epidemiology to refer to the differences in disease incidence, prevalence, or response to treatment that are observed between males and females. These differences can be attributed to biological differences such as genetics, hormones, and anatomy, as well as social and cultural factors related to gender.

For example, some conditions such as autoimmune diseases, depression, and osteoporosis are more common in women, while others such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer are more prevalent in men. Additionally, sex differences have been observed in the effectiveness and side effects of various medications and treatments.

It is important to consider sex factors in medical research and clinical practice to ensure that patients receive appropriate and effective care.

"Food habits" refer to the established patterns or behaviors that individuals develop in relation to their food choices and eating behaviors. These habits can include preferences for certain types of foods, meal timing, portion sizes, and dining experiences. Food habits are influenced by a variety of factors including cultural background, personal beliefs, taste preferences, social norms, and economic resources. They can have significant impacts on an individual's nutritional status, overall health, and quality of life.

It is important to note that while "food habits" may not be a formal medical term, it is often used in the context of nutrition and public health research and interventions to describe the behaviors related to food choices and eating patterns.

Emotions are complex psychological states that involve three distinct components: a subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral or expressive response. Emotions can be short-lived, such as a flash of anger, or more long-lasting, such as enduring sadness. They can also vary in intensity, from mild irritation to intense joy or fear.

Emotions are often distinguished from other psychological states, such as moods and temperament, which may be less specific and more enduring. Emotions are typically thought to have a clear cause or object, such as feeling happy when you receive good news or feeling anxious before a job interview.

There are many different emotions that people can experience, including happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, disgust, and shame. These emotions are often thought to serve important adaptive functions, helping individuals respond to challenges and opportunities in their environment.

In medical contexts, emotions may be relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of various mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety disorders, and bipolar disorder. Abnormalities in emotional processing and regulation have been implicated in many psychiatric illnesses, and therapies that target these processes may be effective in treating these conditions.

Gastric dilatation, also known as stomach dilation or distention, refers to the abnormal enlargement or expansion of the stomach. This condition often occurs when the stomach fills with gas, food, or fluids and is unable to empty properly. Gastric dilatation can be caused by various factors such as overeating, swallowing excessive air, gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying), intestinal obstruction, or certain medical conditions like hiatal hernia or pregnancy.

In severe cases, gastric dilatation may lead to gastric volvulus, where the stomach twists on itself, cutting off its blood supply and leading to ischemia and necrosis of the stomach tissue. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms of gastric dilatation include abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, loss of appetite, and difficulty breathing.

A diet, in medical terms, refers to the planned and regular consumption of food and drinks. It is a balanced selection of nutrient-rich foods that an individual eats on a daily or periodic basis to meet their energy needs and maintain good health. A well-balanced diet typically includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products.

A diet may also be prescribed for therapeutic purposes, such as in the management of certain medical conditions like diabetes, hypertension, or obesity. In these cases, a healthcare professional may recommend specific restrictions or modifications to an individual's regular diet to help manage their condition and improve their overall health.

It is important to note that a healthy and balanced diet should be tailored to an individual's age, gender, body size, activity level, and any underlying medical conditions. Consulting with a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian or nutritionist, can help ensure that an individual's dietary needs are being met in a safe and effective way.

Psychopathology is a branch of psychology and medicine that involves the study and classification of mental disorders, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws on various methods and perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, genetics, sociology, and other related disciplines to understand and explain abnormal behavior and mental processes.

The term "psychopathology" can also refer specifically to the presence of a mental disorder or to the symptoms and features of a particular mental disorder. For example, one might say that someone has a psychopathology or that they exhibit certain psychopathological symptoms.

Psychopathology is often contrasted with normal psychology, which focuses on understanding and explaining typical behavior and mental processes. However, it is important to note that the boundary between normal and abnormal behavior is not always clear-cut, and many psychological phenomena exist on a continuum rather than falling neatly into one category or the other.

A "self-report" in a medical context refers to the information or data provided by an individual about their own symptoms, experiences, behaviors, or health status. This can be collected through various methods such as questionnaires, surveys, interviews, or diaries. Self-reports are commonly used in research and clinical settings to assess various aspects of health, including physical and mental health symptoms, quality of life, treatment adherence, and substance use.

While self-reports can be a valuable source of information, they may also be subject to biases such as recall bias, social desirability bias, or response distortion. Therefore, it is important to consider the potential limitations and validity of self-reported data in interpreting the results. In some cases, self-reports may be supplemented with other sources of information, such as medical records, physiological measures, or observer ratings.

A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that examines the relationship between variables at one point in time. It provides a snapshot or a "cross-section" of the population at a particular moment, allowing researchers to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition and identify potential risk factors or associations.

In a cross-sectional study, data is collected from a sample of participants at a single time point, and the variables of interest are measured simultaneously. This design can be used to investigate the association between exposure and outcome, but it cannot establish causality because it does not follow changes over time.

Cross-sectional studies can be conducted using various data collection methods, such as surveys, interviews, or medical examinations. They are often used in epidemiology to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition in a population and to identify potential risk factors that may contribute to its development. However, because cross-sectional studies only provide a snapshot of the population at one point in time, they cannot account for changes over time or determine whether exposure preceded the outcome.

Therefore, while cross-sectional studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying potential associations between variables, further research using other study designs, such as cohort or case-control studies, is necessary to establish causality and confirm any findings.

I apologize for any confusion, but "students" is not a medical term. It refers to individuals who are engaged in studying or learning at an educational institution, such as a school, college, or university. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.

Adolescent behavior refers to the typical behaviors, attitudes, and emotions exhibited by individuals who are within the developmental stage of adolescence, which generally falls between the ages of 10-24 years old. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an adolescent as "an individual who is in the process of growing from childhood to adulthood, and whose age ranges from 10 to 19 years." However, it's important to note that the specific age range can vary depending on cultural, societal, and individual factors.

During adolescence, individuals experience significant physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that can influence their behavior. Some common behaviors exhibited by adolescents include:

1. Increased independence and autonomy seeking: Adolescents may start to challenge authority figures, question rules, and seek more control over their lives as they develop a stronger sense of self.
2. Peer influence: Adolescents often place greater importance on their relationships with peers and may engage in behaviors that are influenced by their friends, such as experimenting with substances or adopting certain fashion styles.
3. Risk-taking behavior: Adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as reckless driving, substance use, and unsafe sexual practices, due to a combination of factors, including brain development, peer pressure, and the desire for novelty and excitement.
4. Emotional volatility: Hormonal changes and brain development during adolescence can lead to increased emotional intensity and instability, resulting in mood swings, irritability, and impulsivity.
5. Identity exploration: Adolescents are often preoccupied with discovering their own identity, values, beliefs, and goals, which may result in experimentation with different hairstyles, clothing, hobbies, or relationships.
6. Cognitive development: Adolescents develop the ability to think more abstractly, consider multiple perspectives, and engage in complex problem-solving, which can lead to improved decision-making and self-reflection.
7. Formation of long-term relationships: Adolescence is a critical period for establishing close friendships and romantic relationships that can have lasting impacts on an individual's social and emotional development.

It is essential to recognize that adolescent development is a complex and dynamic process, and individual experiences may vary significantly. While some risky behaviors are common during this stage, it is crucial to provide support, guidance, and resources to help adolescents navigate the challenges they face and promote healthy development.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is a statistical technique used to compare the means of two or more groups and determine whether there are any significant differences between them. It is a way to analyze the variance in a dataset to determine whether the variability between groups is greater than the variability within groups, which can indicate that the groups are significantly different from one another.

ANOVA is based on the concept of partitioning the total variance in a dataset into two components: variance due to differences between group means (also known as "between-group variance") and variance due to differences within each group (also known as "within-group variance"). By comparing these two sources of variance, ANOVA can help researchers determine whether any observed differences between groups are statistically significant, or whether they could have occurred by chance.

ANOVA is a widely used technique in many areas of research, including biology, psychology, engineering, and business. It is often used to compare the means of two or more experimental groups, such as a treatment group and a control group, to determine whether the treatment had a significant effect. ANOVA can also be used to compare the means of different populations or subgroups within a population, to identify any differences that may exist between them.

Weight gain is defined as an increase in body weight over time, which can be attributed to various factors such as an increase in muscle mass, fat mass, or total body water. It is typically measured in terms of pounds or kilograms and can be intentional or unintentional. Unintentional weight gain may be a cause for concern if it's significant or accompanied by other symptoms, as it could indicate an underlying medical condition such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, or heart disease.

It is important to note that while body mass index (BMI) can be used as a general guideline for weight status, it does not differentiate between muscle mass and fat mass. Therefore, an increase in muscle mass through activities like strength training could result in a higher BMI, but this may not necessarily be indicative of increased health risks associated with excess body fat.

Obsessive behavior is defined in the medical context as repetitive, persistent, and intrusive thoughts, images, or urges that cause distress or anxiety. These obsessions are not simply excessive worries about real-life problems, but rather they are irrational and uncontrollable. Often, individuals with obsessive behavior attempt to ignore or suppress their obsessions, which can lead to increased distress and anxiety. In some cases, the obsessions may become so overwhelming that they interfere with a person's daily life and ability to function.

Obsessive behavior is a key feature of several mental health conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and hoarding disorder. In these conditions, the obsessions are often accompanied by compulsive behaviors that are performed in an attempt to alleviate the anxiety or distress caused by the obsessions.

It is important to note that everyone experiences unwanted thoughts or urges from time to time. However, when these thoughts become so frequent and distressing that they interfere with a person's daily life, it may be indicative of an underlying mental health condition. In such cases, it is recommended to seek professional help from a qualified mental health provider.

Anxiety: A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome. In a medical context, anxiety refers to a mental health disorder characterized by feelings of excessive and persistent worry, fear, or panic that interfere with daily activities. It can also be a symptom of other medical conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, or substance abuse disorders. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and phobias.

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Compulsive eating. Binge eating, with associated loss of control. Self-induced vomiting. Disordered eating also includes ... Disordered eating includes behaviors that are common features of eating disorders, such as: Chronic restrained eating. ... eating disorders] predict disordered eating behaviour in their daughters." This suggests that poor eating habits result as a ... Night eating syndrome Overeaters Anonymous "Definitions". nedic.ca. Retrieved 31 August 2014. "Binge eating disorder". www.nedc ...
Binge Eating Disorder Association Keynote Speakers'". Binge Eating Disorder Association. Retrieved 17 March 2017. "'Kai Hibbard ... Hibbard was a featured speaker at the Binge Eating Disorder Association (BEDA) national conference addressing the positive ... Biggest Loser's Kai Hibbard Says Show Triggered Eating Disorder'". ABC News. Retrieved 17 March 2017. "'A Dose of Reality Part ...
Types of eating disorders include binge eating disorder, where the patient eats a large amount in a short period of time; ... Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without use of inappropriate compensatory ... "The Science Behind the Academy for Eating Disorders' Nine Truths About Eating Disorders". European Eating Disorders Review. 25 ... Rates of other eating disorders are not clear. These eating disorders are specified as mental disorders in standard medical ...
... in its recommendations for alcohol use disorder. Other uses include treatment of obesity, binge eating disorder, and off- ... "Topiramate for Binge Eating Disorder". wa.kaiserpermanente.org. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 3 August ... Brandt C, Elsner H, Füratsch N, Hoppe M, Nieder E, Rambeck B, et al. (June 2010). "Topiramate overdose: a case report of a ... Enke O, New HA, New CH, Mathieson S, McLachlan AJ, Latimer J, et al. (July 2018). "Anticonvulsants in the treatment of low back ...
Binge drinking Binge eating disorder Cognitive behavioral treatment of eating disorders Counterregulatory eating Overeating ... It is a common symptom of eating disorders such as binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa. During such binges, a person ... Marx R (2014). "New in the DSM-5: Binge Eating Disorder". Retrieved 2020-02-19. "Binge Eating Disorder". nationaleatingdisorder ... "Age of onset for binge eating: Are there different pathways to binge eating?". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 21 (1 ...
... less than 17 Moderate binging; 18-26 Severe binging; 27 and greater Binge eating disorder Bulimia nervosa Eating disorders ... doi:10.1002/eat.20057. PMID 15558644. Binge Eating Scale - Online Questionnaire (Eating disorders screening and assessment ... and eating disorder examination questionnaire with instructions with the eating disorder examination in the assessment of binge ... The Binge Eating Scale is a sixteen item questionnaire used to assess the presence of binge eating behavior indicative of an ...
Similar recommendations apply to binge eating disorder. SSRIs provide short-term reductions in binge eating behavior, but have ... "Eating disorders in over 8s: management" (PDF). Clinical guideline [CG9]. United Kingdom: National Institute for Health Care ... Hetrick SE, McKenzie JE, Bailey AP, Sharma V, Moller CI, Badcock PB, et al. (Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group) (May 2021 ... Bupropion is not recommended for the treatment of eating disorders, due to an increased risk of seizure. ...
"Daily and nightly anxiety amongst patients affected by night eating syndrome and binge eating disorder". Eating Disorders. 17 ( ... Although there is some degree of comorbidity with binge eating disorder, it differs from binge eating in that the amount of ... "Binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome: psychological and behavioral characteristics". International Journal of Eating ... Stunkard A.J.; Berkowitz R.; Wadden T.; Tanrikut C.; Reiss E.; Young L. (1996). "Binge eating disorder and the night-eating ...
"Binge eating disorder: the next generation of research". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 46 (3): 193-207. doi: ... Binge eating disorder (commonly referred to as BED) is described as eating excessively (or uncontrollably) between periodic ... and binge eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder characterized as severe dietary restriction and intense fear ... Dysregulation of appetite contributes to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, cachexia, overeating, and binge eating disorder. A ...
... bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. EDDS is a continuous eating disorder symptom composite score. The PhenX Toolkit uses ... The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) is a self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence of three eating disorders ... in 2000 from the validated structured psychiatric interview: The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and the eating disorder ... anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. It was adapted by Stice et al. ...
"Expertise in Binge-Eating Disorder: Marc N Potenza". Expertscape. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved ... He was also recognized by Expertscape as being among the world's top experts in binge-eating disorder. "Potenza, Marc N., 1965 ... "Expertscape Names White, Other Faculty World Experts in Binge-Eating Disorder". Yale University. February 23, 2021. Retrieved ... He is also the director of the Women and Addictive Disorders Core of Women's Health Research and the Program for Research on ...
Casey, Tim (March 11, 2015). "Monica Seles sheds light on binge eating disorder". USA Today. Retrieved January 30, 2017. "The ... My Self which chronicles her bout with depression and binge eating disorder (BED) after her stabbing, her father's cancer ... Seles did not play tennis for two years and suffered from depression as well as an eating disorder as a result of the attack. ... Seles would eat normal amounts of food at meals, and then secretly eat large amounts of junk food when she was alone. In 1993, ...
Compulsive overeating Counterregulatory eating Behavioral addiction Binge eating Binge eating disorder Food drunk Gluttony ... "Binge-eating disorder". mayoclinic.org. "Overeating During the Holidays". americanaddictioncenters.org. "Binge-eating disorder ... Overeating is the defining characteristic of binge eating disorder. This term may also be used to refer to specific episodes of ... Overeating can be a symptom of binge eating disorder or bulimia nervosa. In a broader sense, hyperalimentation includes ...
... and Internet addiction disorder. New disorders include compulsive hoarding and binge eating disorder. The act of diagnosis ... "Schizoaffective disorder merges schizophrenia and bipolar disorders as one disease-there is no schizoaffective disorder". Curr ... This exclusion in the DSM has resulted in a "rather convoluted" separate disorder-schizoaffective disorder. Citing poor ... "The scientific foundation for understanding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as a valid psychiatric disorder". Eur ...
"Binge Eating Disorder and Night Eating Syndrome: A Comparative Study of Disordered Eating". Journal of Consulting and Clinical ... "Binge eating disorder: its further validation in a multisite study". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 13 (2): 137 ... as it is sometimes present in other eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Studies published in ... "Eating related and general psychopathology in obese females with binge eating disorder". International Journal of Eating ...
"Current pharmacotherapy options for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 13 (14): ... Gao X, Xie C, Wang Y, Luo Y, Yagai T, Sun D, et al. (November 2016). "The antiandrogen flutamide is a novel aryl hydrocarbon ... Tsushima T, Nasu Y, Saika T, Maki Y, Noda M, Suyama B, et al. (2001). "Optimal starting time for flutamide to prevent disease ... Narayan P, Trachtenberg J, Lepor H, Debruyne FM, Tewari A, Stone N, et al. (April 1996). "A dose-response study of the effect ...
Other similar disorders include binge eating disorder, Kleine-Levin syndrome, and borderline personality disorder. Bulimia ... This activity aims to expel the body of calories eaten from the binging phase of the process. Binge eating refers to eating a ... "Self-oriented perfectionism in eating disorders". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 40 (6): 562-8. doi:10.1002/eat ... Bulimia nervosa, also known as simply bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging or ...
Clinical development is underway in the US, for mood disorders in children and adolescents for binge eating disorder and ADHD. ... Lisdexamfetamine is used primarily as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and binge eating disorder ... "FDA expands uses of Vyvanse to treat binge-eating disorder". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 30 ... In January 2015, lisdexamfetamine was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of binge eating disorder in ...
Similar recommendations apply to binge eating disorder. SSRIs provide short-term reductions in binge eating behavior, but have ... generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), eating disorders, chronic pain, and, in some ... "Eating disorders in over 8s: management" (PDF). Clinical guideline [CG9]. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence ... Hetrick SE, McKenzie JE, Bailey AP, Sharma V, Moller CI, Badcock PB, et al. (Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group) (May 2021 ...
... eating disorder not otherwise specified including binge eating disorder. The original questionnaire consisted of 64 questions, ... the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3). The Eating Disorder Inventory is a ... The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) is a self-report questionnaire used to assess the presence of eating disorders, (a) ... The Eating Disorder Symptom Checklist is a separate self-report form used to measure the frequency of symptoms (i.e., binge ...
In 2021, White was ranked the world's third top expert in binge-eating disorder by Expertscape's PubMed-based algorithms, ... "Expertscape Names White, Other Faculty World Experts in Binge-Eating Disorder". medicine.yale.edu. February 23, 2021. Retrieved ...
"Weight and Shape Overconcern and Emotional Eating in Binge Eating Disorder". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 19 (1 ... leaf eating), frugivory (fruit eating), nectarivory (nectar eating), gummivory (gum eating) and mycophagy (fungus eating). The ... Look up eating in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikiquote has quotations related to Eating. Media related to Eating at ... Animals and other heterotrophs must eat in order to survive - carnivores eat other animals, herbivores eat plants, omnivores ...
Its characters included those with bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorder. Eric Schaeffer created the show as well as ... felt that Starved might focus attention on eating disorders as a serious medical condition. The National Eating Disorders ... "National Eating Disorders Association calls new TV sitcom Starved "No Laughing Matter"" (Press release). National Eating ... the treatment of eating disorders expressed concern that the program would either make light of or glamorize eating disorders. ...
University of Cincinnati (2005). "Zonegran in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder Associated With Obesity". ClinicalTrials. ... lability Anxiety Insomnia Psychotic disorder Bradyphrenia Disturbance in attention Nystagmus Paraesthesia Speech disorder ... Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1380 (3): 297-304. doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(97)00156-6. PMID 9555064. ...
In an Instagram post, Jennings said she has binge eating disorder. After her acceptance to Harvard, Jennings began to binge eat ... "Jazz Jennings Grapples with Binge-Eating Disorder as She Prepares for Harvard in I Am Jazz Trailer". People. Retrieved February ... "Jazz Jennings reveals 'mental health struggles' led to binge eating in 'I Am Jazz' trailer". USA TODAY. Retrieved February 14, ...
... the inclusion of binge eating disorder as a discrete eating disorder; the renaming and reconceptualization of paraphilias, now ... Criteria for pica and rumination disorder were changed and can now refer to people of any age. Binge eating disorder graduated ... Other changed mental disorders included: Autism spectrum disorder Bipolar I disorder, Bipolar II disorder, and related bipolar ... Requirements for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder were changed from "at least twice weekly for 6 months" to "at least ...
Binge eating disorder (BED) Obese individuals with binge eating disorder have been compared with obese controls to see if there ... and binge eating disorder (BED). Individuals with eating disorders show increased tendencies to direct their attention towards ... Int J Eat Disord. 45, 17-25 Schienle, A., Schafer, A., Hermann, A., & Vaitl, D. (2009). Binge-eating disorder: reward ... This suggests that regardless of the type of eating disorder, individuals with eating disorders view food in similar ways and ...
... binge-eating type" to bulimia nervosa. It is not unusual for a person with an eating disorder to "move through" various ... "The co-morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders: A review". European Eating Disorders Review. 15 (4): 253-274. doi: ... "Patterns of personality disorders in women with chronic eating disorders". Eating and Weight Disorders. 9 (3): 200-205. doi: ... Food avoidance emotional disorder is an eating disorder that affects children which involves a fear of eating which is not ...
Disordered eating behaviors include binge eating episodes, excessive fasting, vomiting, and diet pills. National data from 2017 ... Studies examining eating disorders (ED) symptoms in college students reported that only 20 percent of those with positive ED ... Meat-eating can involve discrepancies between the behavior of eating meat and various ideals that the person holds. Some ... Some school programs discuss body image and eating disorders of children and adolescents. ...
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Binge eating is a type of eating disorder. This article explains what it is, how to recognize it, and how to get help. ... Many people who binge eat are overweight. But those at a healthy weight can also have a binge eating disorder. Binge eating is ... But binge eating is different from eating too much during the holidays. People with a binge eating problem regularly eat much ... Why Do Some People Binge Eat?. Experts dont know the exact cause of binge eating disorder. Its likely a combination of things ...
Compulsive overeating often occurs sporadically, whereas binge eating tends to happen repeatedly. ... The main difference between binge eating disorder and compulsive overeating is the frequency of consumption. ... Table 1: DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for binge-eating disorder. Management and outcomes of binge-eating disorder [ ... Read more about disordered eating behaviors.. Binge eating disorder definition. BED causes a person to feel like they cannot ...
This information looks at what binge eating disorder is, why it happens and how its treated. ... About binge eating disorder. *Binge eating disorder, NHS - Information on binge eating disorder from the NHS ... Binge eating disorder, Beat - Information on binge eating disorder from the eating disorder charity Beat ... Binge eating disorder is treatable. It is important that people who have binge eating disorder seek help and are provided with ...
... from binge eating disorder remind me that theres always more to uncover about myself and eating disorders like binge eating ... In the time Ive spent recovering from binge eating disorder and disordered eating, Ive learned how to start over in recovery ... Those of us who have experienced binge eating disorder (BED), or eating disorders in general, know the pain and frustration ... Using medication in binge eating disorder recovery can be a wonderful tool that helps your recovery blossom. There are those ...
Learn the facts about binge eating disorder, including its symptoms, how its treated, and where to find support. Were ... Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder. Heres what living with binge eating disorder is like, and how ... Binge eating disorder is one of the most common and misunderstood eating disorders. Learn about what causes binge eating here. ... Binge eating disorder is a challenging condition but help is available. Treatment for binge eating disorder may include talk ...
I have struggled almost every day with binge eating, night eating (getting up in the middle to eat),eating when bored,stress at ... Anorexia to binge eating Hi kcsauk,. I know its been years but I just saw your post about going from anorexia to binge eating ... Binge eating Hi aleahick,. I just saw this post and feel like I am going through something similar. I have been binging for ... A few years after we got married she developed a binge-eating disorder. It slowly ramped up and she didnt open up to me about ...
Her Campus at American Binge Eating: The Most Common and Most Hidden Eating Disorder Binge eating disorder is one that many ... Dont We All Binge? Although it is one of the lesser known eating disorders, binge eating is over three times more common than ... Her Campus at MSU 4 Common Myths Surrounding Binge-Eating Disorder With the hope of bringing awareness to this disorder, I have ... Types of Eating Disorders & Warning Signs In honor of National Eating Disorder Awareness week, Her Campus Tufts aims to spread ...
... binge eating disorder is much more balanced between the genders. According to Psycom, 40 percent of binge eating disorder ... binge eating disorder is a common and possibly life-threatening form of eating disorder. The symptoms include recurring binge ... Home Eating Disorder Does Binge Eating Disorder Affect Men?. Eating Disorder Does Binge Eating Disorder Affect Men?. ... The stereotype of eating disorders as only affecting young women makes it harder for men with BED and other eating disorders to ...
Binge-eating disorder or BED is a type of eating disorder. It involves episodes of eating a lot of food in a short amount of ... many people try to keep binge-eating symptoms a secret. You cant tell if someone experiences binge-eating disorder just from ... Binge-eating disorder is treatable. Talk to your doctor or a mental health professional if you think you might have binge- ... Jessies Legacy eating disorders prevention and awareness. *BODYWHYS Binge Eating: Breaking the Cycle A self-help guide towards ...
Binge eating disorder is a complex mental illness that encompasses many different factors. It is more than a lack of will power ... Medical Nutrition Therapy for Binge Eating Disorder. Binge eating disorder is a complex mental illness that encompasses many ... What is Binge Eating Disorder: Symptoms, Risks, & Causes » Medical Nutrition Therapy for Binge Eating Disorder ... Reasonable Exercise Plans for Someone Recovering from Binge Eating Disorder. *Using Mindfulness and DBT to Treat Binge Eating ...
Recovery from a binge eating disorder requires hard work and dedication. Learn more about the recovery process and what to ... Binge eating disorder (BED) is a severe, life-threatening eating disorder. People with BED experience uncontrollable urges to ... Binge eating disorder is a serious and life-threatening disorder characterized by compulsive overeating. ... What to Expect When Recovering from Binge Eating Disorder. By Sarah Greene , February 11, 2023 , Health ...
... the incidence of binge-eating disorder may be as high as 3.5% in women and 2% in men. Do you know the characteristics, workup, ... However, binge-eating disorder is a significant clinical condition that can affect daily life for millions of people. One US ... How much do you know about the characteristics of binge-eating disorder, as well as the appropriate workup and treatment? Test ... Surge in Eating Disorders Tied to COVID-19 Pandemic * 2001/viewarticle/medical-crowdfunding-neurologic-disorders-soars- ...
A significant number of women with binge eating disorder continue to have symptoms and the prevalence of binge eating disorder ... of the women with binge eating disorder prior to pregnancy stopped binging during pregnancy, 711 new cases of binge eating ... Binge eating was the most commonly reported eating disorder: 1,856 (4.8%) acknowledged bingeing during pregnancy. While 39% ... nervosa and binge eating disorder continue to have symptoms during pregnancy and that the prevalence of binge eating disorder ...
Categorized as eating disorders, body image & similar topics, wordless wednesday Tagged binge eating disorder, eating disorders ...
Forums>Anorexia, Bulimia & Binge Eating>friend passing out and having tremors from eating disorder(anorexia) PLEASE HELP!!! ... Most people who have an eating disorder dont believe that they actually have one. Not eating and throwing up sounds like the ... I dont think I have an eating disorder. Just because i like never eat and sometimes make myselve throw up doesnt mean ... I hope you know that I am talking about you when I told them about a friend that has an eating disorder!!! And I think you do ...
... including binge-eating disorder. It offers specific guidance for conducting thorough clinical assessments and conceptualizing ... this book provides evidence-based tools for tailoring psychotherapy to the needs of clients with bulimia nervosa or eating ... Treatment Plans and Interventions for Bulimia and Binge-Eating Disorder Rene D. Zweig and Robert L. Leahy ... Treatment Plans and Interventions for Bulimia and Binge-Eating Disorder. Rene D. Zweig and Robert L. Leahy. A Paperback ...
Compulsive and Binge eating disorder is where someone feels compelled to eat when they are not hungry and who cannot stop when ... Is binge and compulsive eating a dieting disorder? A dieting disorder? Binge eating disorder generally only occurs in someone ... Is binge or compulsive eating a stress disorder? A stress disorder? Experts regard all the eating disorders as a response to " ... Binge Eating Disorder is the name of an eating disorder where a person is unable to prevent himself or herself from eating ...
Here one woman who has a binge eating disorder discusses what its like to live with it. ... Binge eating is an eating disorder that can seriously harm ones health. ... Binge Eating Disorder is actually the most common eating disorder and affects 2.8 million people in the United States. ( ... Binge Eating Disorder is the most common eating disorder.. By Liza Walter - Last updated on Aug 13, 2023 ...
We offer the best specialized binge eating disorder treatment for women and girls suffering from BED. Call us today for help ... Binge Eating Treatment. Understanding Binge Eating Disorder. Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder in ... We are equipped to address a wide range or eating disorders from anorexia and bulimia to binge eating and eating disorders in ... Eating Disorders and Romantic Relationships: How to Cope When Your Partner Has an Eating Disorder ...
When she met her husband Jim several years later, she was still battling binge eating disorder and bulimia. Theyve coped as a ... couple as Melinda began her recovery for her eating disorder. ... Melinda developed an eating disorder while she served in the ... She hid her eating disorder relatively well from those who werent extremely close to her. I was not aware of her binge eating ... I had never heard of binge eating disorder (BED) at this point in my life. I didnt believe that my struggle could be labeled ...
But Id never heard binge eating described as a disorder until my nephew was diagnosed with it. How is it treated? ... What is binge eating disorder? Ive heard of anorexia and bulimia. ... What is binge eating disorder? Ive heard of anorexia and bulimia. But Id never heard binge eating described as a disorder ... During a binge, people who have this disorder feel unable to control or stop their eating. Treatment for binge eating disorder ...
... and binge eating disorder (BED), evidence for its long-term efficacy is weak. Empirical research support the efficacy of brief ... baseline to one year after treatment termination for the severity of the BN and BED features as measured by the Eating Disorder ... baseline to one year after treatment termination for the severity of the BN and BED features as measured by the Eating Disorder ... and binge eating disorder (BED), evidence for its long-term efficacy is weak. Empirical research support the efficacy of brief ...
Objective: To examine the comorbidity ofpsychiatric disorders in obese women with binge-eating disorder (BED) as a function of ... Psychiatric Comorbidity in Binge-Eating Disorder as a Function of Smoking History.. Marney A. White PhD; and Carlos M. Grilo, ... Conclusions: It is possible that for some obese women with BED, binge eating and cigarette smoking share common functions, i.e ... panic disorder (p = .01), posttraumatic stress disorder (p , .05), and substance abuse or dependence (p = .01). Even after ...
Zonisamide in the Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder: An Open-Label, Prospective Trial. Susan L. McElroy, MD; Renu Kotwal, MD; ... Method: Fifteen outpatients with DSM-IV-TR binge-eating disorder were enrolled from Jan. 25, 2002, through Sept. 10, 2002, in ... Background: Binge-eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of uncontrollable overeating without compensatory ... The purpose of this study was to preliminarily assess zonisamide in the treatment of binge-eating disorder. ...
Binge Eating Disorder Treatment can help you conquer this challenge and regain control. We can help you by learning new skills ... Is Binge Eating a Disorder?. Binge eating is a form of disordered eating and can lead to intense emotional pain, but it doesnt ... The Features of Binge Eating Disorder Are:. A. Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of binge eating is characterized ... Binge eating disorder symptoms often appear after a period of dieting. *People struggling with Binge Eating Disorder can be in ...
Binge-eating disorder is characterized by overeating or consuming large quantities of food even past the point of feeling full. ... Binge-eating disorder is a type of eating disorder and emotional disorder that is characterized by frequent binge eating ... While binge-eating disorder is classified as an eating disorder, this disorder is not simply a behavior problem, but it is also ... Restoration of a regular eating pattern is key to overcoming the symptoms of binge-eating disorder. As a persons eating binges ...
... patients and their families struggling with eating disorders. Learn more here. ... Eating Recovery Centers treatment programs have guided 20,000+ ... Binge Eating Disorder. Binge eating disorder is characterized ... Eating Disorders. An eating disorder is a treatable mental illness that includes a number of different symptoms, including ... Eating Recovery At Home: Online Eating Disorder Treatment. In Eating Recovery At Home, our virtual Intensive Outpatient Program ...
... patients and their families struggling with eating disorders. Learn more here. ... Eating Recovery Centers treatment programs have guided 20,000+ ... Binge Eating Disorder. Binge eating disorder is characterized ... Eating Disorders. An eating disorder is a treatable mental illness that includes a number of different symptoms, including ... Eating Recovery At Home: Online Eating Disorder Treatment. In Eating Recovery At Home, our virtual Intensive Outpatient Program ...
  • In addition, if someone observes a close family member or friend eating compulsively, they may repeat this behavior from time to time. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When you have BED, you regularly experience binge eating episodes during which you eat an objectively large amount of food in a relatively short time period, and you feel as if you can't control your behavior. (psychcentral.com)
  • They're often prone to think asking for help is a sign of weakness and will try to manage their disordered behavior alone, which often worsens the issue. (healthstatus.com)
  • Understand your triggers and create healthy habits to replace patterns of behavior that lead to binge eating episodes. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • My extreme behavior to counteract my binges led to my (honorable) medical discharge from the Navy, although you won't see anything about an eating disorder in my medical or service records. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • When I moved in with Jim, my disordered behavior was visible to another person for the first time. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • This therapy can provide patients with a better sense of control over their behavior and help them regulate their eating patterns. (medicalxpress.com)
  • BN and BED are psychopathological conditions characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating behavior ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • While binge-eating disorder is classified as an eating disorder, this disorder is not simply a behavior problem, but it is also linked to a number of emotional issues that can both trigger and result from binge-eating behaviors. (mccallumplace.com)
  • The person may have feelings of guilt, embarrassment, or disgust and may binge eat alone to hide the behavior. (thecarlatreport.com)
  • Binge eating disorder, which affects about 3-5% of the U.S. population, is characterized by frequent episodes of eating large amounts of food and a sense of having no control over the behavior. (usc.edu)
  • Introduction to Eating Disorders Eating disorders involve a persistent disturbance of eating or of behavior related to eating that Alters consumption or absorption of food Significantly impairs physical health and/or psychosocial. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by some form of inappropriate compensatory behavior such as purging (self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Older women may be less likely to talk with their physician about their eating behavior because of the perceived stereotype that eating disorders primarily occur in teenage or young adult women, according to Jennifer Thomas, PhD, co-director of the Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. (medscape.com)
  • This is really high for any disordered eating behavior in any age group," Hooper said. (medscape.com)
  • The binge eating is not associated with the recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (for example, purging) and does not occur exclusively during the course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. (sashahighmd.com)
  • The goal of treatment is to get control of binge eating behavior, return to a healthy diet and lose weight if necessary. (healthyplace.com)
  • Most binge eaters already judge themselves harshly for their binge eating behavior. (healthyplace.com)
  • Good ways to offer binge eating support is to welcome the opening up of the overeater and by celebrating the overeater's achievements in stopping binge eating behavior. (healthyplace.com)
  • Unlike more traditionally defined eating disorders, BED doesnt normally reflect avoidance of caloric intake or a purging behavior. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • Binge eating disorder signs can also manifest physically, especially after the disordered behavior has been continuing for some time. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • The binge eating is not associated with the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (i.e. purging, excessive exercise, etc.) and does not co-occur exclusively with BULIMIA NERVOSA or ANOREXIA NERVOSA. (bvsalud.org)
  • One study showed that women with binge eating disorder experienced more adverse life events in the year prior to the onset of the development of the disorder, and that binge eating disorder was positively associated with how frequently negative events occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • While 39% of the women with binge eating disorder prior to pregnancy stopped binging during pregnancy, 711 new cases of binge eating disorder were reported. (womensmentalhealth.org)
  • To examine the comorbidity ofpsychiatric disorders in obese women with binge-eating disorder (BED) as a function of smoking history. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Seventy-two women with binge eating disorder were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions for 12 weeks: pure self-help (PSH), guided self-help (GSH), or a waiting list (WL) control condition (followed by PSH or GSH). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Many, but not all, women with binge eating disorder are overweight or obese. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • Over time, the episodes of binge eating can generalize to a regular pattern of uncontrolled overeating. (medscape.com)
  • Binge eating disorder (BED) was first characterized in 1959 by Stunkard as the presence of recurrent episodes of binge eating. (medscape.com)
  • The condition is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, which is defined as consuming an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most people eat in a similar period under similar circumstances. (medscape.com)
  • BED is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, feeling out of control while binging, and feeling guilt and shame afterward - without the regular use of compensatory behaviors (vomiting, laxative usage, over exercising, etc.) to offset the binge episode. (centerforchange.com)
  • Like those with BN, individuals suffering from BED present episodes of binge eating associated with marked distress, but in absence of inappropriate compensatory weight control methods ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • BED is characterised by recurrent episodes of binge eating, which involves eating a large amount of food in a short period of time. (nedc.com.au)
  • Recurrent episodes of binge eating. (sashahighmd.com)
  • Binge- eating disorder is a problem that involves repeated episodes of binge-eating. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder characterized by frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes with associated negative psychological and social problems, but without the compensatory behaviors common to bulimia nervosa, OSFED, or the binge-purge subtype of anorexia nervosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Read more about disordered eating behaviors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This can help prevent these eating behaviors from developing into an eating disorder. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In the most recent 6-7 months, I have gained all that weight back I binge eat consistently without partaking in old ED behaviors. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • Also, it is very normal to have trouble adjusting back to eating normally after overcoming an ED. It's awesome that you don't turn to your old ED behaviors to compensate for when you feel like your eating feels out of control - that is such a big step in recovery. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • Depending on the severity of your eating disorder behaviors and symptoms, you may meet with your dietitian in different settings, ranging from inpatient to outpatient. (eatingdisorderhope.com)
  • Dietitians who are specialized in eating disorder recovery will understand how to guide you towards making peace with food and your body by making recommendations that can help you overcome challenges with food as well as normalize eating habits and behaviors. (eatingdisorderhope.com)
  • Writing down your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors will allow you to look for patterns in your actions that may trigger a binge eating episode. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • Treatment for binge eating disorder focuses on changing a person's behaviors and attitudes about eating and weight. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Binge-eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of uncontrollable overeating without compensatory weight-loss behaviors. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Instead, in treatment for binge eating, you will learn to make lifestyle changes that work and address the underlying issues that are fueling the binge eating behaviors. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Additionally, while individuals who suffer from binge-eating disorder will not take any extreme purging behaviors following their eating binges, like those who have bulimia would, they may attempt frequent diets in order to compensate for binge-eating behaviors and the large amount of calories consumed during binges. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Patients who struggle with binge-eating behaviors may respond to treatments that target emotion regulation, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy, which use cognitive reappraisal techniques, anticipation, mindfulness and exposures. (mccallumplace.com)
  • The best treatment to stop eating binges is to follow an eating disorder treatment program that addresses the behavioral and dietary problems as well as the underlying emotional issues and behaviors that an individual has developed. (mccallumplace.com)
  • An eating disorder is a treatable mental illness that includes a number of different symptoms, including extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding weight and food issues. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • Binge eating disorder is characterized by frequent overeating - at least once a week for three months - combined with a lack of control, intense feelings of distress and several other characteristic behaviors. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • Compulsive overeating can involve binge eating and weight gain, but it can also involve other behaviors. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • Individuals who were raised in a family where their parents invalidated their views or feelings are more likely to binge and purge or have other disordered eating behaviors. (libsyn.com)
  • Because the binge eating episodes that define the disorder are not followed by purging behaviors such as vomiting, laxative abuse or excessive exercise that are associated with bulimia nervosa, people with BED may be in a larger body. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • In fact, I have gone through phases of all eating disorder behaviors . (healthyplace.com)
  • However, other research suggests that binge eating disorder can also be caused by environmental factors and the impact of traumatic events. (wikipedia.org)
  • While it appears that many women with eating disorders may experience a remission of their symptoms during pregnancy, a new study from researchers at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and the University of Oslo, Norway suggests that binge eating disorder may be triggered during pregnancy. (womensmentalhealth.org)
  • The study suggests that binge eating disorder is wired in the brain from an early age, says lead author Stuart Murray, director of the Eating Disorders Program at the Keck School of Medicine of USC. (usc.edu)
  • Binge eating can be associated with an acute feeling of loss of control and marked distress. (medscape.com)
  • The symptoms include recurring binge eating episodes (where the individual eats uncontrollably), feeling shame or distress following the episode and secrecy about the actions and feelings that come with it. (healthstatus.com)
  • This is accompanied by a lack of control over eating during the episode and marked distress associated with the binge-eating episodes. (medscape.com)
  • This disorder is associated with marked distress and occurs, on average, at least once a week over three months. (thecarlatreport.com)
  • During a binge episode, the person feels unable to stop themselves eating, and it is often linked with high levels of distress. (nedc.com.au)
  • Marked distress regarding binge eating is present. (sashahighmd.com)
  • This is a form of talk therapy that helps you learn skills to control your emotions and tolerate distress without binge-eating. (caregiverasia.com)
  • After repeated binge-eating episodes occur, they are often preceded by negative affect. (medscape.com)
  • It sounded like a dream to eat whatever I wanted without guilt or worrying. (healthyplace.com)
  • For 20 years, every bingeing relapse caused me so much guilt, I returned to binge eating. (healthyplace.com)
  • Feeling of guilt, shame, or depression after binge eating. (healthstatus.com)
  • Binge eating often evokes feelings of guilt and shame, and a person binge eating may eat alone or be secretive about their eating habits. (nedc.com.au)
  • The person may experience feelings of guilt, shame, disgust, and depression after the episode of binge eating. (nedc.com.au)
  • The associated feelings of hunger, or the resulting feelings of failure and guilt if a 'diet rule' has been broken, can both trigger binge eating. (nedc.com.au)
  • Joyful eating is about determining what works for you and your body, and learning to eat those foods with joy and without guilt or fear. (libsyn.com)
  • You may have binge-eating disorder if you have feelings of guilt from overeating, eat to the point of feeling uncomfortable, eat a large amount of food in a short time, or find yourself eating when you are not hungry. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Since compulsive overeating does not have an official medical diagnosis, doctors may consider a person's eating habits and family and medical history. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Eating disorders manifest in different ways, but they are all characterized by eating patterns that disrupt a person's mental, physical and emotional health. (centerforchange.com)
  • As a person's eating binges subside, we work on developing other strategies for self-regulation. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Eating disorders can have significant impacts on all aspects of a person's life - physical, emotional and social. (nedc.com.au)
  • A person's feelings about their body, weight and shape can also trigger someone to binge eat. (nedc.com.au)
  • However, the circumstances that may trigger symptoms of binge eating may differ, depending on a person's stage in life, Thomas said. (medscape.com)
  • eating disorders is not a young person's disorder," Hooper said. (medscape.com)
  • Managing an eating disorder is hard work and, in spite of a person's best efforts, overeating help will not always work. (healthyplace.com)
  • The condition is more commonly seen in women, people with obesity, and those with a psychiatric disorder, such as a phobia, social anxiety , or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) . (psychcentral.com)
  • It's important to note, however, that most people with obesity don't have binge eating disorder. (psychcentral.com)
  • Binge eating disorder symptoms such as obesity and blood pressure issues for males can affect sexual functioning negatively. (healthstatus.com)
  • Because large quantities of food are typically consumed during binges, individuals with binge-eating disorder may be slightly overweight or suffer from severe obesity. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Binge eating disorder puts people at risk for obesity, metabolic syndrome, abnormal cardiac function and suicidal thoughts. (usc.edu)
  • and preoccupation with body shape, weight, or both are more common in people with obesity who have binge eating disorder than in people of similar weight who do not binge eat. (msdmanuals.com)
  • At the same time, the products being advertised contain greater amounts of addictive ingredients, which encourage binge eating resulting in an unprecedented obesity epidemic. (sacredheart.edu)
  • Binge eating disorder (BED), as the most prevalent eating disorder, is strongly related to obesity and other somatic and psychiatric morbidity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) are mostly seen in specialist services for obesity. (medscape.com)
  • Binge eating disorder commonly develops as a result or side effect of depression, as it is common for people to turn to comfort foods when they are feeling down. (wikipedia.org)
  • People with binge eating disorder are more likely to have other mental health problems, such as depression , anxiety , post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) , and ADHD . (kidshealth.org)
  • The doctor might prescribe medicine to treat binge eating, anxiety, depression, or other mental health concerns. (kidshealth.org)
  • I often talk about my mental illnesses like depression and anxiety but, in my brain, an eating disorder is shameful and hard to discuss, even though I know so many people are going through similar experiences. (yourtango.com)
  • They include anxiety, depression, heart problems and gastrointestinal disorders. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Secondary measures included binge day frequency, body mass index (BMI), weight, Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) scores, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Binge Eating (YBOCS-BE) scores, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) scores, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Because Binge Eating Disorder is often times linked with depression, anxiety and stress, our treatment programs include several different kinds of therapy that can help with feeling a better sense of control, developing better ways of communicating with others and learning how to handle stressful situations. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Individuals will often feel compelled to binge as a result of emotional problems including depression or loneliness. (mccallumplace.com)
  • However, they may also feel increased feelings of self-loathing, disgust, or depression as well as a reduced self-image in the aftermath of an eating binge. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Treatment goals include reducing the frequency of binge eating episodes by removing trigger foods, as well as addressing underlying anxiety or depression. (usc.edu)
  • However several risk factors for BED have been identified including family history, chemicals in the brain, certain life experiences, and other mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, ADHD). (sashahighmd.com)
  • People with binge eating disorder often have other serious mental health illnesses such as depression, anxiety, or substance abuse. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • Grace has lived with an eating disorder and depression since the age of 14. (healthyplace.com)
  • Young people with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have a higher prevalence of eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia, and adults with longstanding diabetes and major medical complications have a higher prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety. (cdc.gov)
  • They often eat quickly, eat when they are stressed or upset (instead of just when they're hungry), and feel like they can't stop eating, even when they're uncomfortably full. (kidshealth.org)
  • Do you sometimes eat food rapidly and feel uncomfortably full? (eddinscounseling.com)
  • I would eat and eat until I felt uncomfortably full, promise myself I'd never do it again, and then the same thing would happen the next day or the next week. (type2diabetes.com)
  • Binge eating disorder normally involves the consumption of a large volume of food in a fairly short span of time, until you're at a point where you're feeling uncomfortably full. (abhig.com)
  • What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder? (kidshealth.org)
  • Restoration of a regular eating pattern is key to overcoming the symptoms of binge-eating disorder. (mccallumplace.com)
  • According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, if you're recognizing symptoms of binge eating disorder , you should talk to your health care provider about the type of help that may be best for you. (healthyplace.com)
  • People who have binge eating disorder have been found to have higher weight bias internalization, which includes low self-esteem, unhealthy eating patterns, and general body dissatisfaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Restrictive Dieting and Poor Body Image - Males that try to maintain a restrictive eating plan are more susceptible to "cheating" on their diet with large amounts of unhealthy food. (healthstatus.com)
  • and not regularly using unhealthy compensatory measures (e.g., purging) to counter the binge eating. (yourtango.com)
  • I continued my unhealthy cycle of restricting and bingeing even after this medical ordeal. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • Bulimia is an eating disorder in which people eat large amounts of food and then try to prevent weight gain in unhealthy ways, such as by inducing vomiting, misusing laxatives, fasting or exercising excessively. (medicalxpress.com)
  • While there may be kernels of truth in expert nutritional advice, nutritional confusion also contributes to unhealthy eating styles. (libsyn.com)
  • and, your common triggers for unhealthy eating. (cdc.gov)
  • REPLACE your unhealthy eating habits with healthier ones. (cdc.gov)
  • Look at the unhealthy eating habits you've highlighted. (cdc.gov)
  • Obviously, you can't avoid all situations that trigger your unhealthy eating habits, like staff meetings at work. (cdc.gov)
  • It helps people to identify and challenge unhealthy thought patterns that trigger binge eating. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Although the mortality rate is lower for bulimia and binge eating disorder, the complications from those conditions also can be severe. (medicalxpress.com)
  • How many people with anorexia, bulimia and binge eating disorder have insecure attachment styles. (libsyn.com)
  • I have absolutely no self control anymore, and it seems that any and all food triggers a binge for me. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • There are several kinds of triggers that cause both males and females to engage in binge eating episodes. (healthstatus.com)
  • One of the most important steps in recovery is understanding your triggers-the situations, emotions, and thoughts that make you feel compelled to overeat or binge eat. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • Treatment for binge eating disorder can help put you back on track by learning new skills, coping strategies, and getting to the root of your binge eating triggers so that you can meet your true needs and find a deeper level of satisfaction and fulfillment in your life. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Identifying possible triggers - understanding the possible triggers of a binge is important so those triggers can be dealt with ahead of time. (healthyplace.com)
  • Binge eating therapy can be used to develop the skills to identify and cope with triggers. (healthyplace.com)
  • Identifying your triggers for binge eating is one of the most critical steps to overcoming this disorder. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Understanding your triggers will help you to anticipate binges better and manage them. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Feelings of shame, and fear, and powerlessness would follow each bingeing episode. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • Shame often prevents people from speaking openly about their food intake, and binge eating occurs privately. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Just overcoming the shame typically surrounding binge eating disorder is a huge step forward in binge eating treatment. (healthyplace.com)
  • They often feel shame and suffer from low self-esteem so the last thing they need is to experience judgment from those offering binge eating support. (healthyplace.com)
  • You have intense feelings of shame about your body or your eating. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Individuals who are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder exhibit similar patterns of compulsive overeating, neurobiological features of dysfunctional cognitive control and food addiction, and biological and environmental risk factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is especially frustrating when you try to recover and leave behind your old cycles and patterns and you realize you're still stuck in a binge eating cycle. (healthyplace.com)
  • Patterns of remission, continuation and incidence of broadly defined eating disorders during early pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). (womensmentalhealth.org)
  • Bulimia is characterized by patterns of bingeing and purging. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • This involves breaking the diet-binge cycle and helps patients develop more structured (and healthier) eating patterns and to become less concerned about their overall body weight and shape. (type2diabetes.com)
  • Pay attention to your eating patterns and the people or events that make you want to overeat. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The objective of the MAMAS study is to assess interest in and test feasibility of behavioral interventions to reduce stress-induced nonhomeostatic eating (eating in response to factors other than hunger or caloric need) during pregnancy by decreasing stress and increasing awareness of hunger, satiety, and automatic eating patterns. (cdc.gov)
  • About 3.5% of women and 2% of men struggle with binge eating disorder and a larger number binge eat. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • McCallum Place is a nationally acclaimed eating disorder treatment center that has helped change the lives of individuals who struggle with binge-eating disorder. (mccallumplace.com)
  • I'm in recovery from binge eating disorder and I always find people asking me whether I consider myself "recovered" from my eating disorder. (healthyplace.com)
  • There are people that do not side with my viewpoint, but this is my belief system: Recovery from binge eating disorder will last my lifetime. (healthyplace.com)
  • Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of consuming large amounts of food with a feeling of loss of control. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A person with BED will recurrently engage in binge eating episodes where they eat a large amount of food in a short period of time, usually less than two hours. (nedc.com.au)
  • This is a form of talk therapy that focuses on fixing relationship problems that trigger binge-eating episodes. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Compulsive overeating and binge eating disorder both involve eating in excess. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This article looks at the differences between compulsive overeating and binge eating disorder (BED). (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Findings from anecdotal research conclude that people often confuse compulsive overeating and binge eating. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Binge eating disorder is a serious and life-threatening disorder characterized by compulsive overeating. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • Binge and compulsive overeating is where someone feels compelled to eat when they are not hungry and who cannot stop when they have had enough. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • Experts and the general public differ in their understanding of compulsive overeating and binge eating disorder. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • Binge Eating Disorder is not just overeating or even compulsive overeating. (sashahighmd.com)
  • It's actually the most common eating disorder in the U.S., sometimes called Compulsive Overeating. (type2diabetes.com)
  • But the cornerstone of effective treatment for binge eating disorder is cognitive behavioral therapy . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Although cognitive behavioral therapy is the gold standard treatments for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED), evidence for its long-term efficacy is weak. (frontiersin.org)
  • The standard evidence-based treatment for binge eating, regardless of age, is cognitive-behavioral therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Even among those who are diagnosed and receive the most validated cognitive-behavioral therapy, 60% of them fail to fully abstain from binge eating [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy for binge eating disorder is often a short-term treatment option. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Even after excluding participants with substance use disorders, significant differences remained, with lifetime smokers having significantly higher rates of co-occurring anxiety disorders. (psychiatrist.com)
  • It is possible that for some obese women with BED, binge eating and cigarette smoking share common functions, i.e., bothbehaviors may serve to modulate negative affect and/or anxiety. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Looking for information on Mood & Anxiety Disorders? (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • Binge eating is one of the most prevalent eating disorders among adults, though there tends to be less media coverage and research about the disorder in comparison to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some eating disorders do not meet all of the diagnostic criteria for specific diagnoses like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • They may experience recurring episodes of eating larger amounts of food than usual. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Binge eating disorder is where someone repeatedly eats large amounts of food whilst feeling out of control and distressed. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • Many of us eat when we aren't hungry, or eat large amounts of food from time to time. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • People with BED experience uncontrollable urges to eat and quickly consume large amounts of food. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • ANSWER: Binge eating disorder is a serious health problem that involves eating unusually large amounts of food in a distinct span of time, such as over a two-hour period. (medicalxpress.com)
  • It involves eating large amounts of food during a time period that lasts two hours or less. (medicalxpress.com)
  • According to the National Institutes of Health, 1.6% of women in the United States have a binge eating disorder, which is defined as consuming large amounts of food while feeling loss of control. (medscape.com)
  • BED is a medical diagnosis that involves eating very large amounts of food over a short period of time, in a way that feels out of control, at least once weekly for 3 months or more. (sashahighmd.com)
  • Eating large amounts of food when you are not hungry. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Binge eating is when you eat huge amounts of food in a small amount of time and feel out of control over how much you are eating. (janinerod.com)
  • The main behavioral symptom of binge eating disorder is the repeated pattern of eating large amounts of food, in short periods of time, beyond the point of being full. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • If you ever ate so much at Thanksgiving that you felt uncomfortable, you know what it feels like to overeat. (kidshealth.org)
  • Usually, people who binge eat aren't aware of what's driving them to overeat. (kidshealth.org)
  • Binge eating is one of the most difficult aspects of my life to discuss because I feel guilty that there are hungry people and I overeat. (healthyplace.com)
  • Do you frequently overeat , binge eat, or feel you cannot stop eating? (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Most people overeat at various times but this is not a binge eating disorder. (janinerod.com)
  • Many people who binge eat are overweight. (kidshealth.org)
  • People who binge eat will often feel ashamed and guilty, and so will often do it in secret. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • Older women who binge eat may be at increased risk for metabolic disorders such as diabetes and high cholesterol, according to research presented at the 2022 annual meeting of the Gerontological Society of America (GSA 2022). (medscape.com)
  • BED was added as a distinct disorder in the DSM-5 after extensive research supported its clinical utility and validity, as it had been in the appendix of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR ) as a proposed disorder. (medscape.com)
  • BED is among the newest eating disorders that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, text revision ( DSM-5-TR ) formally recognizes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A consecutive series of 103 obese treatment-seeking women with current DSM-IV diagnoses of BED were administered structured diagnostic interviews to assess all DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric disorders. (psychiatrist.com)
  • The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) will be published in May 2013. (thecarlatreport.com)
  • To meet diagnostic criteria for BED, the binge eating episodes occur at least once a week for three months. (nedc.com.au)
  • Weight and appearance are not part of the diagnostic criteria for binge eating disorder. (sashahighmd.com)
  • The findings point to a trend towards the valorization of the biological character and aimed at the diagnosis from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, focusing on symptoms and treatments. (bvsalud.org)
  • Diagnostic criteria for binge-eating disorder (307.51, F50.8 in International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems [ICD] 10), as stated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ) are discussed below. (medscape.com)
  • Binge eating, a core diagnostic symptom in binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa, increases the risk of multiple physiological and psychiatric disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Binge eating, a core diagnostic symptom in binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN), is characterized by eating a large amount of food in a short time and a sense of loss of control while eating [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The validated Arabic version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the DSM-IV criteria for eating disorders were used as diagnostic references. (who.int)
  • However, restricting what you eat is incredibly difficult, because it makes you hungry. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • Eating even if they're not hungry. (healthstatus.com)
  • People who experience binge-eating disorder may binge even when they don't feel hungry. (heretohelp.bc.ca)
  • People who have binge eating disorder often eat rapidly during these episodes, and they eat even if they are not hungry. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Someone with binge eating disorder may eat too quickly, even when he or she is not hungry," according to an American Psychiatric Association fact sheet. (thecarlatreport.com)
  • These can include eating very quickly, eating when not physically hungry and continuing to eat even when full or feeling uncomfortable. (nedc.com.au)
  • I learned that dieting seemed to make it worse, and that I needed to eat enough, in regular meals, and not restrict any particular foods, so that I didn't get very hungry or feel deprived. (beateatingdisorders.org.uk)
  • People with this condition may eat even when they are not hungry, and they do not stop eating even when they feel full. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Most of the binges occur when the person is actually not hungry, and is usually done in secret. (janinerod.com)
  • It's good to note how you were feeling when you decided to eat, especially if you were eating when not hungry. (cdc.gov)
  • This may be considered disordered eating rather than a clinical disorder. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, binge-eating disorder is a significant clinical condition that can affect daily life for millions of people. (medscape.com)
  • Eating disorder symptoms and clinical variables were assessed in 168 obese female patients with DSM-5 BED or subthreshold BED, referred to a 6-month outpatient CBT program in a pre-post measurement design. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Binge eating is different from bulimia, another eating disorder . (kidshealth.org)
  • Binge eating disorder involves a cycle of restriction. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • It involves episodes of eating a lot of food in a short amount of time, past the point of feeling full, and feelings of being out of control or unable to stop eating. (heretohelp.bc.ca)
  • A third approach involves helping adults in youth's lives learn how to prevent and treat eating disorders. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • An individual may occasionally binge eat without experiencing many of the negative physical, psychological, or social effects of BED. (wikipedia.org)
  • As with other eating disorders, binge eating is an "expressive disorder"-a disorder that is an expression of deeper psychological problems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our team of medical, psychological and nutritional experts have been carefully selected because of their expertise in treating both the outward symptoms and underlying causes of eating disorders. (centerforchange.com)
  • For these reasons, eating regular and satisfying meals are important to prevent the physiological and psychological responses that can lead to binge eating. (nedc.com.au)
  • Binge eating is not only associated with the human body, but it is also having some certain effects in the psychological and socio-economic factors in a human. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • Studies have identified several psychological risk factors of binge eating, including a strong desire for food, impaired cognitive skills, and distinct personality traits (e.g., quick action without careful thinking). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several risk factors contribute to binge eating disorders, including genetics, environmental factors, and psychological issues. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Whether you're dealing with a binge eating disorder or are trying to help a friend, there are several psychological approaches to treating the disease. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • This review aims to present relevant findings published during the last 2 years related to medical and psychological treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). (medscape.com)
  • Alterations in the left orbitofrontal cortex, as can occur with lesions, result in increased insula volume, a finding that is nonspecific and seen in all eating disorders. (medscape.com)
  • For your doctor to diagnose binge eating disorder, bingeing episodes must occur at least once a week for 3 months . (psychcentral.com)
  • At such times, binge eating is used as a way to cope with or distract from challenging emotions. (nedc.com.au)
  • I was in a stressful situation at work and I felt like I could not cope if I couldn't binge. (beateatingdisorders.org.uk)
  • Developed by Evelyn Tribole and Elyse Resch, the 10 principals of intuitive eating are designed to help people let go of the diet mentality, honor their bodies with gentle nutrition, and cope with emotions without the use of food. (type2diabetes.com)
  • Emotional eating is when you eat food to cope with difficult emotions. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These feelings only led me deeper into my binge cycle because I was, at the time, unable to cope with the intensity of these emotions. (healthyplace.com)
  • Looking for role models who can lift self-esteem and provide a healthy body image is best for binge eating support. (healthyplace.com)
  • So how do you begin to recover from binge eating? (healthyplace.com)
  • The good news is that it is possible to recover from binge eating disorder and lead a more healthy and balanced lifestyle. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • This study suggests that while many women with eating disorders may experience remission of their symptoms while pregnant, it appears that a significant number of women with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder continue to have symptoms during pregnancy and that the prevalence of binge eating disorder increases during pregnancy. (womensmentalhealth.org)
  • However, robust data on the prevalence of binge eating among older women are lacking. (medscape.com)
  • BED can also include night eating with resultant weight gain but by definition does not include the use of vomiting or medications such as laxatives, emetics, or diuretics. (medscape.com)
  • People with bulimia binge eat, but try to make up for overeating by throwing up, using laxatives, or over-exercising to lose weight. (kidshealth.org)
  • Therefore, dopamine is believed to play a critical role in binge eating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Participants in the study included 21 women aged 60 to 75 years who reported at least one episode of binge eating per week within the previous 3 months. (medscape.com)
  • Maladaptive ('neurotic') personality functioning is significantly associated with a less favorable outcome after CBT in patients with binge eating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the high prevalence and negative consequences, many patients with binge eating remain undiagnosed and untreated [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because of these feelings, many people don't get treatment for binge eating until they're older. (kidshealth.org)
  • There are those who are against the use of medication in eating disorder treatment and I believe these people have some valid points. (healthyplace.com)
  • The stereotype of eating disorders as only affecting young women makes it harder for men with BED and other eating disorders to both admit there is a problem and to seek out treatment for it. (healthstatus.com)
  • Anyone seeking treatment for binge eating disorder should contact a BED treatment center for more information. (healthstatus.com)
  • Professional treatment for binge eating disorder will involve the collaboration of multiple professionals, including a therapist/counselor, medical doctor, psychiatrist, and registered dietitian. (eatingdisorderhope.com)
  • Nutritional rehabilitation or medical nutrition therapy is a therapeutic approach to the treatment of eating disorders (as well as other medical conditions) that utilizes specific dietary recommendations for healing as well as incorporates diet therapy counseling. (eatingdisorderhope.com)
  • If you are dealing with binge eating disorder and have begun your treatment, working with a registered dietitian should be incorporated in your treatment plan. (eatingdisorderhope.com)
  • How much do you know about the characteristics of binge-eating disorder, as well as the appropriate workup and treatment? (medscape.com)
  • It is an eating disorder which responds to proper treatment. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • A Penn State football player, Joey Julius, revealed that he's been in treatment for his Binge Eating Disorder. (yourtango.com)
  • Despite all the health issues that can result from BED, there are no risks associated with seeking eating disorder treatment. (centerforchange.com)
  • Effective treatment is available to help overcome an eating disorder . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Multilevel growth curve modeling will be used to estimate the average growth trajectories from baseline to one year after treatment termination for the severity of the BN and BED features as measured by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. (frontiersin.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to preliminarily assess zonisamide in the treatment of binge-eating disorder. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Give us a call at 832-559-2622 to find out more about Binge Eating Disorder Treatment in Houston. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Or click "Get Started Now" to schedule an appointment online with our Binge Eating Disorder Treatment counselors today. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • At Eddins Counseling Group, we specialize in binge eating treatment . (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Proudly serving St. Louis, Missouri and Kansas City, McCallum Place is the premier provider of eating disorder treatment for adolescents and adults of all genders. (mccallumplace.com)
  • As part of the individualized treatment plan for patients diagnosed with Binge Eating Disorder we offer specialized groups for those within the community. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Please don't hesitate to contact us for a free and confidential assessment to see if our binge-eating disorder treatment programs in St. Louis or Kansas City are right for you. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Patients who have not been able to stop their eating binges with outpatient care may benefit from having more structured treatment. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Our treatment centers are nationally recognized for the level of quality care and positive outcomes from a variety of eating disorder treatment programs. (mccallumplace.com)
  • The earlier an eating disorder is identified, and a person can access treatment, the greater the opportunity for recovery or improved quality of life. (nedc.com.au)
  • The question that we don't know, which is something that we will address in time, is whether successful treatment of binge eating disorder in kids helps correct brain development. (usc.edu)
  • Cognitive-behavioral self-help may be of value both as an initial treatment for binge eating disorder and as a form of secondary prevention. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Treatment outcome was assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) global score and self-reported binge eating frequency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To facilitate early diagnosis and to inform the development of novel treatment strategies, there is a critical need to identify the biomarkers that are involved in the development and maintenance of binge eating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Those seeking binge eating disorder treatment know how devastating binge eating disorder can be on themselves and those around them. (healthyplace.com)
  • It is with early intervention that treatment for binge eating disorder has the greatest chance of success. (healthyplace.com)
  • For those with severe health problems, a visit to a doctor will be the first step in treatment for binge eating disorder. (healthyplace.com)
  • Hospitalization is almost never needed in binge eating treatment unless other severe medical complications are present. (healthyplace.com)
  • Medication is sometimes used as part of compulsive binge eating treatment. (healthyplace.com)
  • Antidepressants are one type of medication that is prescribed for the treatment of binge eating disorder. (healthyplace.com)
  • Nutritional treatment for binge eating disorder attempts to create a healthy eating plan that will correct these deficits in the compulsive overeater. (healthyplace.com)
  • It's critical to learn the facts about binge eating disorder through the overeater's doctor, an eating disorder treatment center , a book or a web site. (healthyplace.com)
  • The binge eater may slip up from time-to-time, but this is an expected part of treatment. (healthyplace.com)
  • Recent research on the multimodal treatment of eating disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry has yielded a significant increase in randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews. (medscape.com)
  • Although there is some evidence of the effectiveness of new child and adolescent psychiatric treatment approaches to eating disorders, the relapse rate remains very high, and there is an urgent need for ongoing intensive research. (medscape.com)
  • Anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa are by far the most prevalent eating disorders among patients admitted to child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) treatment or to paediatric units with a CAP liaison service, whereas patients with bulimia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) are seen comparatively less often. (medscape.com)
  • This guideline covers assessment, treatment, monitoring and inpatient care for children, young people and adults with eating disorders. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is important to treat the binge eater with respect and care and understand they have a mental illness and need professional overeating help and not disgust, scorn or ridicule. (healthyplace.com)
  • I would look at myself completely believing that I had gained a substantial amount of weight and then binge again from the feelings of self-disgust . (healthyplace.com)
  • Mindful eating is a way to be fully aware of the experience of eating without judgment or emotional attachment. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • Emotional eaters eat a lot when they have bad emotions and even when they have good feelings. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • So you can see that binge, compulsive, emotional eating and so-called food addiction is much the same thing. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • What is common among binge eaters, emotional eaters and compulsive eaters is that they all have food cravings, they all struggle to control their weight and they feel that they have a very conflicted relationship with food. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • Binge-eating disorder is a type of eating disorder and emotional disorder that is characterized by frequent binge eating episodes. (mccallumplace.com)
  • I'm Carolyn Coker Ross, MD and I'm a specialist in treating binge eating, food addiction and emotional eating and I'd love to teach you how to regain your self-confidence, end your struggle with food and weight and be free to live your life again. (libsyn.com)
  • The number one complaint of people with binge eating, food addiction and emotional eating is usually a digestive one. (libsyn.com)
  • In this episode you will learn: Why I call trauma work, the new "healthism" How black and white thinking has caused an us vs. them mentality in the work with people with food addiction, emotional eating and binge eating. (libsyn.com)
  • How can joyful eating help me with binge eating, food addiction and emotional eating? (libsyn.com)
  • Because emotional eating has nothing to do with hunger, it is typical to eat a lot more calories than your body needs or will use. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Emotional eating often becomes a habit. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Being unhappy with your body may make you more prone to emotional eating. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Emotional eating often means you eat mindlessly and lose track of how much you've taken in. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Often an environmental "cue", or a particular emotional state, is what encourages eating for non-hunger reasons. (cdc.gov)
  • Binge-eating disorder or BED is a type of eating disorder. (heretohelp.bc.ca)
  • Although it's probably the most well-known type of eating disorder, anorexia is the least common. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Brain scans of children ages 9-10 with a type of eating disorder that causes uncontrollable overeating showed differences in gray matter density compared to their unaffected peers, according to a USC-led study. (usc.edu)
  • Stereotypes about the kind of person affected by eating disorders often hinder diagnosis, too. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The lack of accurate diagnosis of binge eating disorder is particularly disheartening because once it is identified, binge eating disorder often can be treated successfully. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The term diabulimia is used to describe the diagnosis of an eating disorder in an individual with type 1 diabetes. (eatingrecoverycenter.com)
  • The doctor will ask questions as part of the diagnosis process and run necessary tests to analyze any damage done by binge eating disorder or associated conditions. (healthyplace.com)
  • The main distinction between the two is that a person who compulsively overeats may not necessarily eat in excess every time they consume food. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In the time I've spent recovering from binge eating disorder and disordered eating, I've learned how to start over in recovery. (healthyplace.com)
  • Around this time last year, I decided to cancel my gym membership and practice yoga at home to support my binge eating disorder (BED) recovery. (healthyplace.com)
  • While a lot of people have the experience of eating too much a few times and feeling uncomfortable after, people who experience binge-eating disorder experience many binges for a long period of time. (heretohelp.bc.ca)
  • At any given point in time 1.0% of young women and 0.1% of young men will suffer from bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge eating disorder (BED) in Europe ( Keski-Rahkonen and Mustelin, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Binge eating disorder is defined as recurring episodes of eating significantly more food in a short period of time than most people would eat under similar circumstances, with episodes marked by feelings of lack of control. (thecarlatreport.com)
  • A person with BED will experience a sense of lack of control and will eat a large amount of food within a relatively short period of time. (nedc.com.au)
  • During all this time I had never talked about my bingeing. (beateatingdisorders.org.uk)
  • During a binge episode, people eat a much larger amount of food than most people would eat in a similar time under similar circumstances. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Some of the participants disclosed that this is the first time they told anyone about their binge eating, especially to a physician," she said. (medscape.com)
  • Future research should follow older women over time to better assess the prevalence of the disorder as well as older women's physical and metabolic risks, Hooper said. (medscape.com)
  • During the initial stages they often start eating soon after their regular food time having a feeling of an unfilled tummy soon after their regular meal. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • When this occurs then wrong message passing from the brain does not allow the body to eat only at the hunger time and may induce you to consume food whenever it is possible. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • Binge-eating refers to eating a larger-than-normal amount of food in a short period of time, usually within two hours. (caregiverasia.com)
  • Binge eating is characterized by eating a large amount of food in a short time and a feeling of difficulty to stop while eating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Easing up on themselves - no one is perfect and no one deals with an eating disorder perfectly all the time. (healthyplace.com)
  • BED is the most common eating disorder in the US and affects about 3.5% of women and 2% of men, and is characterized by eating much more food than normal in a short period of time, all while feeling a loss of control. (type2diabetes.com)
  • It's feasible to stick to a diet for a short period of time, but it won't cure binge eating (I know this from personal experience! (type2diabetes.com)
  • If you know a difficult or stressful time is coming up, set yourself up for healthy eating in advance. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It's not foolproof and it doesn't work every time, but I've gone from probably a weekly binge or maybe once every 10 days to once every three weeks. (abhig.com)
  • Write down the time of day you ate or drank the item. (cdc.gov)
  • By the time binge eating disorder recovery has begun, the individual may have serious health problems resulting from the disorder. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)
  • By setting aside a particular time every day to check in with children, parents can help their children overcome eating challenges. (entrepreneursbreak.com)
  • Regarding cognitive abilities, individuals showing severe binge eating symptoms may experience small dysfunctions in executive functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Binge eating disorder (BED) is a severe, life-threatening eating disorder. (reclaimingthemission.com)
  • That's dangerous because the long-term health risks of eating disorders can be severe. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Depressive Disorders Depressive disorders are characterized by sadness severe enough or persistent enough to interfere with function and often by decreased interest or pleasure in activities. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Once you have been diagnosed, your level of binge-eating disorder will be rated from mild to severe. (caregiverasia.com)
  • What may be of concern, however, is that binge eating may be associated with excessive weight gain in pregnancy and several recent reports have demonstrated that women who are overweight or obese are at greater risk for poor pregnancy outcomes , including birth defects and stillbirth . (womensmentalhealth.org)
  • About 10 million men in the U.S. suffer from eating disorders, as do many people who are overweight or obese. (medicalxpress.com)
  • It may also include educating the binge eater about nutrition and helping them to make more nutritionally balanced food choices every day. (healthyplace.com)
  • Often those who love the binge eater feel pain in knowing that their loved one has binge eating disorder, but this pain can be alleviated through positive action and by offering binge eating support. (healthyplace.com)
  • The binge eater needs a chance to express themselves, the process of recovery and their needs without fearing the overeating help will disappear. (healthyplace.com)
  • The important thing for the binge eater to remember is that recovery is a process and binge eating support practices can help get them through it. (healthyplace.com)
  • Research has shown that among all psychiatric disorders, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Psychiatric Comorbidity in Binge-Eating Disorder as a Function of Smoking History. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Disturbed synaptic pruning is linked to a number of psychiatric disorders. (usc.edu)
  • People with a binge eating problem regularly eat much more food than most people. (kidshealth.org)
  • You will probably find it really difficult to continue to restrict, and might lose control and eat a large amount of food to satisfy your hunger. (rcpsych.ac.uk)
  • Food is a necessary part of a happy, healthy, and normal life, and since you are going to have to face the challenge of eating every day, I really hope you can work toward developing a better relationship with food. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • I haven't gained a lot of weight, but these binges are negatively affecting my relationship with food, my self-confidence, and they give me horrible stomach pain/bloating, and gas. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • Also, it is costing my mom a ton of money since she has to keep re-stocking the cupboards with food, because I eat entire containers of food in one sitting. (nationaleatingdisorders.org)
  • They may feel temporarily comforted by food, and then feel depressed, upset, guilty, or ashamed of their eating. (heretohelp.bc.ca)
  • I even bring food to bed, and in the morning I put the wrappers in an outside dustbin so no-one knows what I've eaten. (eating-disorders.org.uk)
  • While you're eating the food, it feels comfortable like a heated blanket on a snowy day. (yourtango.com)
  • Bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent and distressing binge eating episodes marked by the consumption of a large amount of food in a brief period and feeling out of control while doing so. (frontiersin.org)
  • Do you eat food in secret so no one will see how much you are eating? (eddinscounseling.com)
  • But, if you struggle with binge eating, you may view food as an enemy or an obstacle. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Food can serve as a temporary solution and a source of pleasure , but, after a binge, few people feel happy or satisfied. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • However, through therapy for binge eating you can break free of this destructive cycle and begin to discover that you are not defined by the food you eat each day. (eddinscounseling.com)
  • Binge eating, also known as overeating, is the process of consuming large quantities of food even past the point of feeling full. (mccallumplace.com)
  • Because of their feelings around food, people with BED are often very secretive about their eating habits and choose to eat alone. (nedc.com.au)
  • However, after several months binge-free, I came home from a holiday feeling the 'post-holiday blues', and felt like I needed food to cheer myself up. (beateatingdisorders.org.uk)
  • Ultimately this is about so much more than just food and eating - it's about my whole life. (beateatingdisorders.org.uk)
  • Also many of the binge foods or "food fixes" are foods that can cause inflammation in the gut. (libsyn.com)
  • 126: Emotions, Negative Beliefs and Perfectionism: How insecure attachment can lead to eating disorders Research is now showing that something called "attachment styles" may also explain why people with a history of toxic stress related to childhood trauma or to other specific childhood issues (abandonment, neglect, abrupt separation from a parent, frequent changes in caregivers, or lack of caregiver responsiveness) may have food and body image issues. (libsyn.com)
  • Today, we talked about the toxicity that exists in the world of eating disorders, black and white thinking, backlash from the medical profession, what it means to really do your own trauma work and how social justice is an important part of healing our relationship with food and our bodies. (libsyn.com)
  • 123: Food Shaming Food shaming is when someone criticizes or judges what another person is eating. (libsyn.com)
  • As Kilbourne noted nearly a quarter of a century ago, the majority of food advertisements „normalize bingeing" to the point of making it societally acceptable. (sacredheart.edu)
  • In many occasions, be it a party or a small get together we may have the compulsion to eat still some few more food recipes when already our stomach is full. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • People who are unable to control themselves from eating a huge amount of food even after their regular food and keep on eating, also called overeating is said to have been suffering from the binge eating disorder. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • Many parents in the home often point out their children for not eating properly from their early ages and have developed it as a habit till now which in turn has induced the children to consume more food than they usually eat. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • But make sure that you eat at the regular food timings unlike others and also stick to one snack per day. (healthyfuturesva.com)
  • Down to the types of food you crave, how much you eat, and what you should weigh. (sashahighmd.com)
  • While those offering overeating help should never turn into the "food police," loved ones can offer binge eating support by purchasing, or not purchasing, specific foods likely to spark a binge. (healthyplace.com)
  • Dieting and strict rules worked for a while but made me feel crazy and out of control if I was confronted with a forbidden food, which led to even more binging. (type2diabetes.com)
  • If you feel deprived of food, you may be frustrated and tempted to emotionally eat. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Make yourself slow down and pay attention to the food you are eating. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Implications of food addiction for understanding and treating binge eating disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Create a list of "cues" by reviewing your food diary to become more aware of when and where you're "triggered" to eat for reasons other than hunger. (cdc.gov)
  • People with binge eating disorder tend to be deficient in vitamins and minerals because much of the food they eat is full of fat and sugar, which lack good nutritional value. (clubmentalhealthtalk.com)