Blind Loop Syndrome
Afferent Loop Syndrome
Schilling Test
Jejunum
Gastrointestinal bleeding and iron absorption in the experimental blind loop syndrome. (1/24)
Rats with surgically created self-filling jejunal blind loops and the blind loop syndrome manifested gastrointestinal bleeding and hyperabsorption of iron. Although the mean hematocrit and serum iron levels of rats with self-filling blind loops became overtly anemic and manifested low-serum iron levels. It is suggested that the documented gastrointestinal bleeding in these rats with the experimental blind loop syndrome is another manifestation of damage to the intestinal epithelium in conditions of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. (+info)Absorbable vs. non-absorbable antibiotics in the treatment of small intestine bacterial overgrowth in patients with blind-loop syndrome. (2/24)
BACKGROUND: Small intestine bacterial overgrowth is associated with the presence of predisposing conditions, acting through different mechanisms. Therefore, the failure to define a standardized therapy may be due to a methodological bias: to treat a condition characterized by different pathophysiological mechanisms with the same pharmacological approach. Non-absorbable antibiotics could have a lower efficacy than absorbable drugs in patients with blind loops which exclude a portion of the intestine from the transit. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of absorbable vs. non-absorbable antibiotics in this subgroup of patients. METHODS: A group of small intestine bacterial overgrowth patients with total gastrectomy or gastrojejunostomy and blind loop underwent a therapeutic trial comparing rifaximin to metronidazole. Seven patients underwent a course of rifaximin followed by a course of metronidazole on recurrence of symptoms. To compare the effect of the drugs, another two groups of patients underwent two consecutive courses of rifaximin or metronidazole. Hydrogen breath test after glucose administration and symptom severity measurement were performed. RESULTS: Both drugs reduced breath H(2) excretion but a much better improvement was achieved after metronidazole. Symptom improvement was higher after metronidazole. CONCLUSION: Metronidazole is more effective than rifaximin for the treatment of small intestine bacterial overgrowth associated with the presence of a blind loop. (+info)Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth mimicking acute flare as a pitfall in patients with Crohn's Disease. (3/24)
(+info)Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in systemic sclerosis. (4/24)
(+info)Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome. (5/24)
Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymicrobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO). SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastrointestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacteriostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, immunodeficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, fistulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Non-invasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be complex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complications, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO. (+info)Methane production and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in children living in a slum. (6/24)
(+info)Diarrhoea due to small bowel diseases. (7/24)
(+info)Intestinal disease in cystic fibrosis. (8/24)
Three children with cystic fibrosis developed steatorrhoea unresponsive to changes in pancreatic supplements. The final diagnoses were chronic giardiasis, stagnant loop syndrome, and Crohn's disease. Refractory intestinal symptoms in cystic fibrosis merit further investigation. (+info)Blind Loop Syndrome is a medical condition that occurs when there is an abnormal pocket or pouch in the small intestine that allows digested food to bypass the normal digestive process. This can lead to bacterial overgrowth, malabsorption of nutrients, and various gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, cramps, diarrhea, and weight loss.
The blind loop can be caused by a number of factors, including congenital abnormalities, surgical complications, or structural changes due to diseases such as Crohn's disease or cancer. The diagnosis of Blind Loop Syndrome is often made through radiologic studies, such as a barium X-ray or CT scan, and can be confirmed with a breath test that measures the amount of hydrogen or methane gas produced by intestinal bacteria.
Treatment typically involves antibiotics to eliminate the overgrowth of bacteria, followed by surgery to correct the underlying anatomical abnormality. In some cases, medication may also be prescribed to manage symptoms and improve nutrient absorption.
Afferent loop syndrome is a relatively uncommon complication that can occur after certain gastrointestinal surgeries, particularly those involving the small intestine. The afferent loop refers to a portion of the small intestine that carries digestive secretions from the liver and pancreas towards the main part of the small intestine (the jejunum).
In afferent loop syndrome, this loop becomes obstructed or narrowed, leading to a backup of digestive enzymes and fluids. This can cause various symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The vomit may contain bile, which is a yellowish-green fluid produced by the liver, indicating that the obstruction is located in the afferent loop.
Afferent loop syndrome can be caused by several factors, including post-surgical adhesions (scar tissue), inflammation, or tumors. The diagnosis of afferent loop syndrome typically involves imaging tests such as CT scans or upper gastrointestinal series to visualize the obstruction. Treatment may involve endoscopic procedures to clear the obstruction or surgery to repair or bypass the affected portion of the intestine.
The Schilling test is a medical procedure that was used to diagnose pernicious anemia and malabsorption of vitamin B12. The test measures the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12 from food or supplements.
In the test, the patient is given a small amount of radioactive vitamin B12 to swallow. After a set period of time, a urine sample is collected and measured for the amount of radioactivity present. If the body has properly absorbed the vitamin B12, it will be excreted in the urine.
If the test shows that the patient is not absorbing enough vitamin B12, they may have pernicious anemia or another condition that affects vitamin B12 absorption. The Schilling test has largely been replaced by other diagnostic tests, such as blood tests for anti-intrinsic factor antibodies and parietal cell antibodies.
The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum. It is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption that occurs in the small intestine, particularly carbohydrates, proteins, and some fats. The jejunum is characterized by its smooth muscle structure, which allows it to contract and mix food with digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients through its extensive network of finger-like projections called villi.
The jejunum is also lined with microvilli, which further increase the surface area available for absorption. Additionally, the jejunum contains numerous lymphatic vessels called lacteals, which help to absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins into the bloodstream. Overall, the jejunum plays a critical role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food.
Gastroenterostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an anastomosis (a connection or junction) between the stomach and the small intestine, usually between the stomach's lesser curvature and the jejunum (the second part of the small intestine). This procedure is often performed to bypass a diseased or obstructed portion of the gastrointestinal tract, such as in the case of gastric ulcers, tumors, or other conditions that prevent normal digestion and absorption.
There are different types of gastroenterostomy procedures, including:
1. Billroth I (or "gastroduodenostomy"): The stomach is connected directly to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine).
2. Billroth II (or "gastrojejunostomy"): The stomach is connected to the jejunum, bypassing the duodenum.
3. Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy: A more complex procedure in which a portion of the jejunum is separated and reconnected further down the small intestine, creating a Y-shaped configuration. This type of gastroenterostomy is often used in bariatric surgery for weight loss.
The choice of gastroenterostomy technique depends on the specific medical condition being treated and the patient's overall health status.
Blind loop syndrome
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Hydroxocobalamin
Gastrointestinal disease
Duodenal atresia
BLS
List of ICD-9 codes 520-579: diseases of the digestive system
Jejunoileal bypass
List of MeSH codes (C06)
List of MeSH codes (C18)
List of syndromes
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Malabsorption2
- However, following acute infectious gastroenteritis, patients can also develop post-infectious malabsorption syndrome (PI-MAS), popularly known as tropical sprue. (nih.gov)
- Short bowel syndrome ( SBS , or simply short gut ) is a rare malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine . (wikizero.com)
Intestinal6
- This mobility can be altered in irritable bowel syndrome, the use of drugs such as opioids, diabetes, or intestinal pseudo-obstruction. (tematareramirez.com)
- These are conditions such as intestinal blind loop syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, adhesions from previous surgical interventions or radiotherapy, small bowel tumors, small bowel diverticulosis, ileocecal valve abnormalities, or gastric bypass. (tematareramirez.com)
- Short bowel syndrome in adults and children is most commonly caused by surgery (intestinal resection). (wikizero.com)
- [4] In those who undergo intestinal resection, approximately 15% eventually develop small bowel syndrome (75% of those due to 1 large resection and 25% due to multiple separate intestinal resections). (wikizero.com)
- Abstract: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by an increase in the number and/or presence of atypical bacteria in the small intestine. (am-online.org)
- Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms such as achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, immunodeficiency syndromes and anatomical abnormalities such as small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, fistulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections and motility disorders. (am-online.org)
Celiac Disease1
- Specific diseases or conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome , neurological disorders , diabetes , and autoimmune diseases such as amyloidosis , celiac disease , lupus , and scleroderma can cause constipation. (iiab.me)
Symptoms4
- Most of the symptoms of blind loop syndrome are non specific but nevertheless warrant the utmost attention. (wikipedia.org)
- When a patient presents with symptoms of blind loop syndrome, the treating physician basically has two recognized options for management: Test-and-treat Treat empirically Although it would seem to be the better way to go in terms of management, there has been recent criticism on the need for such testing because of reliability issues. (wikipedia.org)
- Blind loop syndrome : Symptoms & Signs, Diagnosis. (health32.com)
- In groups of people with digestive symptoms such as irritable bowel syndrome, SIBO can be present in up to 65% or, according to some studies, up to 85% of patients. (tematareramirez.com)
Stagnant2
- Blind loop syndrome, also known as stagnant loop syndrome, is a state that occurs when the normal bacterial flora of the small intestine proliferates to numbers that cause significant derangement to the normal physiological processes of digestion and absorption. (wikipedia.org)
- stagnant loop syndrome ( stag -nănt) n. see blind loop syndrome . (encyclopedia.com)
Diagnosis1
- Tests which may be useful for diagnosis include:[citation needed] Abdominal X-ray Abdominal CT scan Contrast enema study The treatment of blind loop syndrome follows two basic principles. (wikipedia.org)
Irritable3
- Small intestine bacterial overgrowth is more likely to affect women, older persons, and those who have other digestive problems, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). (coem.com)
- [8] TD has been linked to later irritable bowel syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome . (wikipedia.org)
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition reported to affect up to 30% of some populations 1 . (gastrolife.ie)
SIBO1
- SIBO can sometimes lead to malebsorption, severe malenutrition and/or other syndromes associated with nutritional deficiency. (am-online.org)
Gastric1
- Chronic or high dose opioid therapy may contribute to blind loop syndrome by reducing gastric motility. (wikipedia.org)
Overgrowth2
- In some cases of blind loop syndrome, overgrowth of pathogenic non-commensal bacteria has also been noted. (wikipedia.org)
- citation needed] It follows that a disruption of any of these factors could lead to bacterial overgrowth and indeed blind loop syndrome has been found to occur in persons with anatomical anomalies that result in stagnation. (wikipedia.org)
Disease2
- This disease is also known as blind loop syndrome sometimes. (coem.com)
- Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones, known as postcholecystectomy syndrome , may severely affect the patient's quality of life, even in the absence of disease progression. (wikipedia.org)
Folate1
- The blind-loop syndrome may produce deficiency of Vitamin B 12 or folate. (drugs.com)
Intestine2
- The problem of blind loop syndrome arises when the bacterial colonies residing in the upper gastrointestinal tract begin to grow out of control or are altered in their makeup thereby creating a burden on the normal physiological processes occurring in the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
- Most patients had undergone some sort of gastrointestinal surgery such procedures sometimes result in increased fermentation thanks to blind loops left in the intestine, where microbes can eat and multiply undisturbed. (dui.com)
Occur1
- Taupathies are syndromes that occur secondary to deposition of abnormal forms of tau protein in the brain. (medscape.com)
Congenital1
- 5 m/s) velocities observed in Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) and congenital hypomyelination neuropathy (CHN). (medscape.com)
Short-bowel sy2
- Short bowel syndrome newly occurs in about three per million people each year. (wikizero.com)
- [4] The prevalence of short bowel syndrome has increased by more than 2 fold in the last 40 years. (wikizero.com)
Prevalence1
- The prevalence of this syndrome in the past forced local police officers to carry sticks with a loop of barbed wire to catch and hold such patients. (stop-depression-meds.com)
Colon1
- E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
Surgical1
- Surgical complications, requiring re-surgery, are a common cause of small bowel syndrome, contributing up to 50% of cases based on some estimates. (wikizero.com)
Resection1
- He underwent en block resection of the cystic mass along with partial bladder dome cystectomy. (bvsalud.org)
Tropical1
- 14 fatigue key facts prostate cancer but not is the proerythroblast or haemocytoblast, which is already explained in a specified number of tropical sprue and blind loop syndrome. (riversideortho.com)
Diseases1
- The hormonal imbalances in polycystic ovary syndrome could cause liver diseases. (icliniq.com)
Cirrhosis1
- Cutaneous manifestations of cirrhosis include jaundice, spider angiomata, skin telangiectasias ("paper money skin"), palmar erythema, white nails, disappearance of lunulae, and finger clubbing, especially in the setting of hepatopulmonary syndrome. (medscape.com)
Patients1
- This was a double-blind trial, with 8442 patients with class II, III, or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, receiving either LCZ696 (200 mg twice daily) or enalapril (10 mg twice daily). (medscape.com)
Treatment4
- Recommendations are varied but seem to find some common ground around the notion that treatment should be individualized to the specific circumstances under which a patient has developed blind loop syndrome since these circumstances affect the complex microbial make up of the affected bowel. (wikipedia.org)
- Tetracyclines have been the mainstay of treatment for blind loop syndrome, but recent studies have concluded rifaximin to be very effective in the treatment of blind loop syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
- concluded metronidazole to be more effective than rifaximin in the treatment of blind loop syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
- METHODS: A randomised placebo-controlled single-blind trial was conducted in 36 healthy volunteers randomly distributed to control (no treatment), conventional acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups. (daneurope.org)
Patient1
- So, with Corot syndrome, the patient begins to think that his long-suffering Yeng could not stand the harms of work and the General injustice of the universe and began to shrink and shrivel up and soon spit on everyone and hide inside, like a turtle. (stop-depression-meds.com)
State1
- In addition to India, this syndrome is found in China, Sri Lanka and the state of Taiwan. (stop-depression-meds.com)
Risk1
- Risk-factors associated with hydropericardium syndrome in broiler flocks. (cdc.gov)
Found1
- Such syndromes, which are not found anywhere except in a single human community, are called cultural. (stop-depression-meds.com)
Case2
- In Japan since the 1950s there have been dozens of published case reports of people feeling drunk after eating carbohydrates such as rice, a condition called meitei-sho or, in English, auto-brewery syndrome. (dui.com)
- Ignorance that you’re impaired, which arguably might apply in the case of auto-brewery syndrome, isn’t necessarily a defense impaired-driving laws in many states don’t require the element of intent. (dui.com)
Simply1
- Amok syndrome, or simply amok (from Malay. (stop-depression-meds.com)
Review1
- Evaluation system: double blind review. (bvsalud.org)
Food1
- Blind loop syndrome happens when the movement of digested food through a portion of the intestines slows down or ceases. (icliniq.com)