A plant genus of the family Cruciferae. It contains many species and cultivars used as food including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, collard greens, MUSTARD PLANT; (B. alba, B. junica, and B. nigra), turnips (BRASSICA NAPUS) and rapeseed (BRASSICA RAPA).
A plant species of the family BRASSICACEAE best known for the edible roots.
A plant species cultivated for the seed used as animal feed and as a source of canola cooking oil.
Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica alba is white mustard, B. juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and B. nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted or used as SPICES, and for its greens used as VEGETABLES or ANIMAL FEED. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS.
A plant family of the order Capparales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are mostly herbaceous plants with peppery-flavored leaves, due to gluconapin (GLUCOSINOLATES) and its hydrolysis product butenylisotrhiocyanate. The family includes many plants of economic importance that have been extensively altered and domesticated by humans. Flowers have 4 petals. Podlike fruits contain a number of seeds. Cress is a general term used for many in the Brassicacea family. Rockcress is usually ARABIS; Bittercress is usually CARDAMINE; Yellowcress is usually RORIPPA; Pennycress is usually THLASPI; Watercress refers to NASTURTIUM; or RORIPPA or TROPAEOLUM; Gardencress refers to LEPIDIUM; Indiancress refers to TROPAEOLUM.
Substituted thioglucosides. They are found in rapeseed (Brassica campestris) products and related cruciferae. They are metabolized to a variety of toxic products which are most likely the cause of hepatocytic necrosis in animals and humans.
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.
The genetic complement of a plant (PLANTS) as represented in its DNA.
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE known for its peppery red root.
The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.
The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.
A major class of water-soluble seed storage proteins. Many proteins from this class are major PLANT ALLERGENS.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
The failure of PLANTS to complete fertilization and obtain seed (SEEDS) as a result of defective POLLEN or ovules, or other aberrations. (Dict. of Plant Genet. and Mol. Biol., 1998)
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.
Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.
PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.
cis-13-Docosenoic Acids. 22-Carbon monounsaturated, monocarboxylic acids.
The reproductive organs of plants.
The chromosomal constitution of a cell containing multiples of the normal number of CHROMOSOMES; includes triploidy (symbol: 3N), tetraploidy (symbol: 4N), etc.
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
The genetic process of crossbreeding between genetically dissimilar parents to produce a hybrid.
A part of the embryo in a seed plant. The number of cotyledons is an important feature in classifying plants. In seeds without an endosperm, they store food which is used in germination. In some plants, they emerge above the soil surface and become the first photosynthetic leaves. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
The parts of plants, including SEEDS.
Diminished or failed response of PLANTS to HERBICIDES.
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
The presence of two or more genetic loci on the same chromosome. Extensions of this original definition refer to the similarity in content and organization between chromosomes, of different species for example.
New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
A mitosporic fungal genus commonly isolated from soil. Some species are the cause of wilt diseases in many different plants.
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE. The common name of white mustard sometimes refers to other plants (MUSTARD PLANT).
Ribonucleic acid in plants having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
Diseases of plants.
Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
The detection of RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS by selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments derived from genomic DNA followed by electrophoretic analysis of the amplified restriction fragments.
A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.
One of many different processes which occur in ANGIOSPERMS by which genetic diversity is maintained while INBREEDING is prevented.
Infection with group A streptococci that is characterized by tonsillitis and pharyngitis. An erythematous rash is commonly present.
Cultivation of PLANTS; (FRUIT; VEGETABLES; MEDICINAL HERBS) on small plots of ground or in containers.
Affection; in psychiatry commonly refers to pleasure, particularly as it applies to gratifying experiences between individuals.
The longterm manifestations of WEATHER. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The CLAVATA1 receptor-like kinase requires CLAVATA3 for its assembly into a signaling complex that includes KAPP and a Rho-related protein. (1/1068)

The CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and CLAVATA3 (CLV3) genes are required to maintain the balance between cell proliferation and organ formation at the Arabidopsis shoot and flower meristems. CLV1 encodes a receptor-like protein kinase. We have found that CLV1 is present in two protein complexes in vivo. One is approximately 185 kD, and the other is approximately 450 kD. In each complex, CLV1 is part of a disulfide-linked multimer of approximately 185 kD. The 450-kD complex contains the protein phosphatase KAPP, which is a negative regulator of CLV1 signaling, and a Rho GTPase-related protein. In clv1 and clv3 mutants, CLV1 is found primarily in the 185-kD complex. We propose that CLV1 is present as an inactive disulfide-linked heterodimer and that CLV3 functions to promote the assembly of the active 450-kD complex, which then relays signal transduction through a Rho GTPase.  (+info)

Q-Band resonance Raman investigation of turnip cytochrome f and Rhodobacter capsulatus cytochrome c1. (2/1068)

The results of a comprehensive Q-band resonance Raman investigation of cytochrome c1 and cytochrome f subunits of bc1 and b6f complexes are presented. Q-band excitation provides a particularly effective probe of the local heme environments of these species. The effects of protein conformation (particularly axial ligation) on heme structure and function were further investigated by comparison of spectra obtained from native subunits to those of a site directed c1 mutant (M183L) and various pH-dependent species of horse heart cytochrome c. In general, all species examined displayed variability in their axial amino acid ligation that suggests a good deal of flexibility in their hemepocket conformations. Surprisingly, the large scale protein rearrangements that accompany axial ligand replacement have little or no effect on macrocycle geometry in these species. This indicates the identity and/or conformation of the peptide linkage between the two cysteines that are covalently linked to the heme periphery may determine heme geometry.  (+info)

Molecular cloning and functional expression of a phospholipase D from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). (3/1068)

We cloned and expressed a full-length cDNA encoding a phospholipase D of type alpha (PLDalpha) from cabbage. Analysis of the cDNA predicted an 812-amino-acid protein of 92.0 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of cabbage PLD has 83% and 80% identity with Arabidopsis PLDalpha and castor bean PLD, respectively. Expression of this cDNA clone in E. coli shows a functional PLD activity similar to that of the natural PLD.  (+info)

Characterization of low-molecular-mass trypsin isoinhibitors from oil-rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera) seed. (4/1068)

A new low-molecular-mass (6767.8 Da) serine proteinase isoinhibitor has been isolated from oil-rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera) seed, designated 5-oxoPro1-Gly62-RTI-III. The 5-oxoPro1-Gly62-RTI-III isoinhibitor is longer than the Asp2-Pro61-RTI-III and the Ser3-Pro61-RTI-III forms, all the other amino acid residues being identical. In RTI-III isoinhibitors, the P1-P1' reactive site bond (where residues forming the reactive site have been identified as PnellipsisP1 and P1'ellipsisPn', where P1-P1' is the inhibitor scissile bond) has been identified at position Arg21-Ile22. The inhibitor disulphide bridges pattern has been determined as Cys5-Cys27, Cys18-Cys31, Cys42-Cys52 and Cys54-Cys57. The disulphide bridge arrangement observed in the RTI-III isoinhibitors is reminiscent of that found in a number of toxins (e.g. erabutoxin b). Moreover, the organization of the three disulphide bridges subset Cys5-Cys27, Cys18-Cys31 and Cys42-Cys52 is reminiscent of that found in epidermal growth factor domains. Preliminary 1H-NMR data indicates the presence of alphaalphaNOEs and 3JalphaNH coupling constants, typical of the beta-structure(s). These data suggest that the three-dimensional structure of the RTI-III isoinhibitors may be reminiscent of that of toxins and epidermal growth factor domains, consisting of three-finger shaped loops extending from the crossover region. Values of the apparent association equilibrium constant for RTI-III isoinhibitors binding to bovine beta-trypsin and bovine alpha-chymotrypsin are 3.3 x 109 m-1 and 2.4 x 106 m-1, respectively, at pH 8.0 and 21.0 degrees C. The serine proteinase : inhibitor complex formation is a pH-dependent entropy-driven process. RTI-III isoinhibitors do not show any similarity to other serine proteinase inhibitors except the low molecular mass white mustard trypsin isoinhibitor, isolated from Sinapis alba L. seed (MTI-2). Therefore, RTI-III and MTI-2 isoinhibitors could be members of a new class of plant serine proteinase inhibitors.  (+info)

The retention and distribution by healthy young men of stable isotopes of selenium consumed as selenite, selenate or hydroponically-grown broccoli are dependent on the isotopic form. (5/1068)

Twenty-seven healthy young men were randomly assigned to diets that supplied low (32.6 microg/d) or high (226.5 microg/d) levels of selenium for a 105-d study. After consuming the diets for 85 d, subjects were fed a test meal that contained 74Se in the form of selenite or selenate and 82Se incorporated into hydroponically-raised broccoli. Urine, fecal and blood samples were collected daily. Isotope absorption was not different (P > 0.05) for selenate and Se in broccoli; Se absorption from selenite was highly variable and was not included in statistical analyses. Significantly more isotope was absorbed by subjects fed the high Se diet (P = 0. 015). Urinary isotope excretion was greater when selenate was fed than when broccoli was fed (P = 0.0001), and consequently more Se from broccoli (as compared to selenate) was retained (59.2 +/- 2.4 and 36.4 +/- 4.6% for Se in broccoli and selenate, respectively; P = 0.0001). Despite the higher retention, less isotope from broccoli than from selenate was present in the plasma. Plasma proteins separated by gel permeation chromatography showed that most of the isotopes were distributed between two medium molecular weight peaks. Less isotope was found in plasma proteins of subjects fed the high Se diet, but the form of Se had no effect on isotope distribution. These results show that dietary Se intake alters the retention of stable isotopes of Se and that humans retain and distribute Se from broccoli in a different manner than Se from inorganic salts.  (+info)

Polyisoprenyl phosphate (PIPP) signaling regulates phospholipase D activity: a 'stop' signaling switch for aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4. (6/1068)

It is of wide interest to understand how opposing extracellular signals (positive or negative) are translated into intracellular signaling events. Receptor-ligand interactions initiate the generation of bioactive lipids by human neutrophils (PMN), which serve as signals to orchestrate cellular responses important in host defense and inflammation. We recently identified a novel polyisoprenyl phosphate (PIPP) signaling pathway and found that one of its components, presqualene diphosphate (PSDP), is a potent negative intracellular signal in PMN that regulates superoxide anion generation by several stimuli, including phosphatidic acid. We determined intracellular PIPP signaling by autocoids with opposing actions on PMN: leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a potent chemoattractant, and lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a 'stop signal' for recruitment. LTB4 receptor activation initiated a rapid decrease in PSDP levels concurrent with activation of PLD and cellular responses. In sharp contrast, activation of the LXA4 receptor reversed LTB4-initiated PSDP remodeling, leading to an accumulation of PSDP and potent inhibition of both PLD and superoxide anion generation. Thus, an inverse relationship was established for PSDP levels and PLD activity with two PMN ligands that evoke opposing responses. In addition, PSDP directly inhibited both isolated human recombinant (Ki = 6 nM) and plant (Ki = 20 nM) PLD. Together, these findings link PIPP remodeling to intracellular regulation of PMN function and suggest a role for PIPPs as lipid repressors in signal transduction, a novel mechanism that may also explain aspirin's suppressive actions in vivo in cell signaling.  (+info)

Recombination and selection at Brassica self-incompatibility loci. (7/1068)

In Brassica species, self-incompatibility is controlled genetically by haplotypes involving two known genes, SLG and SRK, and possibly an as yet unknown gene controlling pollen incompatibility types. Alleles at the incompatibility loci are maintained by frequency-dependent selection, and diversity at SLG and SRK appears to be very ancient, with high diversity at silent and replacement sites, particularly in certain "hypervariable" portions of the genes. It is important to test whether recombination occurs in these genes before inferences about function of different parts of the genes can be made from patterns of diversity within their sequences. In addition, it has been suggested that, to maintain the relationship between alleles within a given S-haplotype, recombination is suppressed in the S-locus region. The high diversity makes many population genetic measures of recombination inapplicable. We have analyzed linkage disequilibrium within the SLG gene of two Brassica species, using published coding sequences. The results suggest that intragenic recombination has occurred in the evolutionary history of these alleles. This is supported by patterns of synonymous nucleotide diversity within both the SLG and SRK genes, and between domains of the SRK gene. Finally, clusters of linkage disequilibrium within the SLG gene suggest that hypervariable regions are under balancing selection, and are not merely regions of relaxed selective constraint.  (+info)

RNA polymerase I transcription in a Brassica interspecific hybrid and its progenitors: Tests of transcription factor involvement in nucleolar dominance. (8/1068)

In interspecific hybrids or allopolyploids, often one parental set of ribosomal RNA genes is transcribed and the other is silent, an epigenetic phenomenon known as nucleolar dominance. Silencing is enforced by cytosine methylation and histone deacetylation, but the initial discrimination mechanism is unknown. One hypothesis is that a species-specific transcription factor is inactivated, thereby silencing one set of rRNA genes. Another is that dominant rRNA genes have higher binding affinities for limiting transcription factors. A third suggests that selective methylation of underdominant rRNA genes blocks transcription factor binding. We tested these hypotheses using Brassica napus (canola), an allotetraploid derived from B. rapa and B. oleracea in which only B. rapa rRNA genes are transcribed. B. oleracea and B. rapa rRNA genes were active when transfected into protoplasts of the other species, which argues against the species-specific transcription factor model. B. oleracea and B. rapa rRNA genes also competed equally for the pol I transcription machinery in vitro and in vivo. Cytosine methylation had no effect on rRNA gene transcription in vitro, which suggests that transcription factor binding was unimpaired. These data are inconsistent with the prevailing models and point to discrimination mechanisms that are likely to act at a chromosomal level.  (+info)

'Brassica' is a term used in botanical nomenclature, specifically within the family Brassicaceae. It refers to a genus of plants that includes various vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and mustard greens. These plants are known for their nutritional value and health benefits. They contain glucosinolates, which have been studied for their potential anti-cancer properties. However, it is not a medical term per se, but rather a taxonomic category used in the biological sciences.

'Brassica napus' is the scientific name for a species of plant that includes both rapeseed and canola. It is a type of cruciferous vegetable that is widely cultivated for its seeds, which are used to produce oil, as well as for its leaves and stems, which are eaten as vegetables in some parts of the world.

Rapeseed oil, which is produced from the seeds of 'Brassica napus', has historically been used as a source of industrial lubricant and as a fuel for diesel engines. However, modern canola oil, which is also produced from 'Brassica napus' but has been bred to have lower levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates, is more commonly used as a food oil due to its mild flavor and high smoke point.

The leaves and stems of 'Brassica napus' are also edible and are commonly consumed in parts of Europe and Asia. They can be prepared in a variety of ways, including boiling, steaming, or stir-frying. The plant is also sometimes used as a cover crop or green manure due to its ability to improve soil health and reduce erosion.

'Brassica rapa' is the scientific name for a species of plant that includes various types of vegetables such as turnips, Chinese cabbages, and bok choy. It is a member of the Brassicaceae family, also known as the mustard or cabbage family. The plants in this species are characterized by their broad leaves and branching stem, and they are native to Europe and Central Asia.

Turnips, which are one of the most common vegetables in this species, are cool-season root crops that are grown for their enlarged taproot. They have a white or yellowish flesh that is crisp and tender with a sweet, slightly bitter flavor. Turnips can be eaten raw or cooked and are often used in soups, stews, and casseroles.

Chinese cabbages, also known as Napa cabbages, are another type of vegetable in the 'Brassica rapa' species. They have elongated, pale green leaves that form a compact head, and they are often used in Asian cuisine. Chinese cabbages have a mild flavor and can be eaten raw or cooked.

Bok choy, also known as pak choi, is another type of vegetable in the 'Brassica rapa' species. It has dark green leaves and white stems, and it is often used in stir-fries and soups. Bok choy has a mild flavor and a crisp texture.

Overall, 'Brassica rapa' is an important species of plant that includes many nutritious and delicious vegetables that are popular around the world.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Mustard Plant" is not a term typically used in medical definitions. Mustard plants are actually a type of crop plant from the Brassicaceae family, which also includes vegetables like broccoli and cabbage. The seeds from these plants are often ground to make mustard condiments and spices. If you're looking for information related to potential medicinal uses or health effects of mustard plants or their derivatives, I would be happy to help with that.

Brassicaceae is a scientific family name in the field of botany, which includes a group of plants commonly known as the mustard family or crucifers. This family includes many economically important crops such as broccoli, cauliflower, kale, cabbage, brussels sprouts, turnips, radishes, and mustards. The name Brassicaceae comes from the genus Brassica, which includes many of these familiar vegetables.

Plants in this family are characterized by their flowers, which have four petals arranged in a cross-like pattern, hence the common name "crucifers." They also typically have four sepals, six stamens, and two fused carpels that form a fruit called a silique or silicle.

Brassicaceae plants are known for their production of glucosinolates, which are sulfur-containing compounds that give these plants their characteristic pungent or bitter flavors. When the plant tissues are damaged, such as during chewing, the glucosinolates are broken down into isothiocyanates, which have been shown to have potential health benefits, including anti-cancer properties.

Glucosinolates are naturally occurring compounds found in various plants, particularly in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and mustard greens. They are sulfur-containing glucosides that can be hydrolyzed by the enzyme myrosinase when the plant tissue is damaged, leading to the formation of biologically active compounds like isothiocyanates, thiocyanates, and nitriles. These breakdown products have been shown to exhibit various health benefits, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. However, excessive intake or exposure may also cause adverse effects in some individuals.

"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.

Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.

Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.

A plant genome refers to the complete set of genetic material or DNA present in the cells of a plant. It contains all the hereditary information necessary for the development and functioning of the plant, including its structural and functional characteristics. The plant genome includes both coding regions that contain instructions for producing proteins and non-coding regions that have various regulatory functions.

The plant genome is composed of several types of DNA molecules, including chromosomes, which are located in the nucleus of the cell. Each chromosome contains one or more genes, which are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins or RNA molecules. Plants typically have multiple sets of chromosomes, with each set containing a complete copy of the genome.

The study of plant genomes is an active area of research in modern biology, with important applications in areas such as crop improvement, evolutionary biology, and medical research. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have made it possible to determine the complete sequences of many plant genomes, providing valuable insights into their structure, function, and evolution.

"Raphanus" is the genus name for a group of plants that include the common radish. The black radish (*Raphanus sativus* var. *niger*) and the white radish (also known as daikon or *Raphanus sativus* var. *longipinnatus*) are examples of species within this genus. These plants belong to the family Brassicaceae, which also includes vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. The roots, leaves, and seeds of Raphanus plants have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including as a digestive aid and to treat respiratory conditions. However, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using these plants or their extracts for medicinal purposes, as they can interact with certain medications and may cause side effects.

Pollen, in a medical context, refers to the fine powder-like substance produced by the male reproductive organ of seed plants. It contains microscopic grains known as pollen grains, which are transported by various means such as wind, water, or insects to the female reproductive organ of the same or another plant species for fertilization.

Pollen can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, particularly during the spring and summer months when plants release large amounts of pollen into the air. These allergies, also known as hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinitis, can result in symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes, and coughing.

It is important to note that while all pollen has the potential to cause allergic reactions, certain types of plants, such as ragweed, grasses, and trees, are more likely to trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals.

A gene in plants, like in other organisms, is a hereditary unit that carries genetic information from one generation to the next. It is a segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contains the instructions for the development and function of an organism. Genes in plants determine various traits such as flower color, plant height, resistance to diseases, and many others. They are responsible for encoding proteins and RNA molecules that play crucial roles in the growth, development, and reproduction of plants. Plant genes can be manipulated through traditional breeding methods or genetic engineering techniques to improve crop yield, enhance disease resistance, and increase nutritional value.

2S albumins are a type of protein found in plants. They are part of the larger family of storage proteins, which are abundant in seeds and provide nutrients to the developing plant embryo. 2S albumins are characterized by their small size, stable structure, and ability to resist digestion in the gut, making them important allergens in some plants.

The name "2S albumins" refers to their sedimentation coefficient, which is a measure of their size and shape in an ultracentrifuge. These proteins typically have a molecular weight of around 8-16 kDa and consist of two subunits held together by disulfide bonds. They are found in a wide variety of plant species, including legumes, cereals, and nuts.

In addition to their role as allergens, 2S albumins have been studied for their potential health benefits. Some studies suggest that they may have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, although more research is needed to confirm these effects and understand their mechanisms of action.

Gene expression regulation in plants refers to the processes that control the production of proteins and RNA from the genes present in the plant's DNA. This regulation is crucial for normal growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants. It can occur at various levels, including transcription (the first step in gene expression, where the DNA sequence is copied into RNA), RNA processing (such as alternative splicing, which generates different mRNA molecules from a single gene), translation (where the information in the mRNA is used to produce a protein), and post-translational modification (where proteins are chemically modified after they have been synthesized).

In plants, gene expression regulation can be influenced by various factors such as hormones, light, temperature, and stress. Plants use complex networks of transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, and small RNAs to regulate gene expression in response to these signals. Understanding the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in plants is important for basic research, as well as for developing crops with improved traits such as increased yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance.

'Plant infertility' is not a standard medical term, as it is typically used in the context of agriculture and plant biology. However, I can provide you with a general definition related to this context:

Plant infertility refers to the inability of a plant to produce viable seeds, fruits, or propagules due to various factors affecting its reproductive system. These factors may include genetic disorders, environmental stressors (such as extreme temperatures, drought, or nutrient deficiencies), pathogens, pests, or poor pollination. In some cases, assisted reproduction techniques, such as hand-pollination or embryo rescue, might be employed to overcome infertility issues in plants.

'Arabidopsis' is a genus of small flowering plants that are part of the mustard family (Brassicaceae). The most commonly studied species within this genus is 'Arabidopsis thaliana', which is often used as a model organism in plant biology and genetics research. This plant is native to Eurasia and Africa, and it has a small genome that has been fully sequenced. It is known for its short life cycle, self-fertilization, and ease of growth, making it an ideal subject for studying various aspects of plant biology, including development, metabolism, and response to environmental stresses.

Chromosomes in plants are thread-like structures that contain genetic material, DNA, and proteins. They are present in the nucleus of every cell and are inherited from the parent plants during sexual reproduction. Chromosomes come in pairs, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent.

In plants, like in other organisms, chromosomes play a crucial role in inheritance, development, and reproduction. They carry genetic information that determines various traits and characteristics of the plant, such as its physical appearance, growth patterns, and resistance to diseases.

Plant chromosomes are typically much larger than those found in animals, making them easier to study under a microscope. The number of chromosomes varies among different plant species, ranging from as few as 2 in some ferns to over 1000 in certain varieties of wheat.

During cell division, the chromosomes replicate and then separate into two identical sets, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information. This process is critical for the growth and development of the plant, as well as for the production of viable seeds and offspring.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material present in the cells of all living organisms, including plants. In plants, DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell, as well as in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Plant DNA contains the instructions for the development, growth, and function of the plant, and is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.

The structure of DNA is a double helix, formed by two strands of nucleotides that are linked together by hydrogen bonds. Each nucleotide contains a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine, forming the rungs of the ladder that make up the double helix.

The genetic information in DNA is encoded in the sequence of these nitrogenous bases. Large sequences of bases form genes, which provide the instructions for the production of proteins. The process of gene expression involves transcribing the DNA sequence into a complementary RNA molecule, which is then translated into a protein.

Plant DNA is similar to animal DNA in many ways, but there are also some differences. For example, plant DNA contains a higher proportion of repetitive sequences and transposable elements, which are mobile genetic elements that can move around the genome and cause mutations. Additionally, plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, which are not present in animal cells, and these structures contain their own DNA.

Genetically modified plants (GMPs) are plants that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits. These modifications can be made to enhance certain characteristics such as increased resistance to pests, improved tolerance to environmental stresses like drought or salinity, or enhanced nutritional content. The process often involves introducing genes from other organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, into the plant's genome. Examples of GMPs include Bt cotton, which has a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that makes it resistant to certain pests, and golden rice, which is engineered to contain higher levels of beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. It's important to note that genetically modified plants are subject to rigorous testing and regulation to ensure their safety for human consumption and environmental impact before they are approved for commercial use.

Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, also known as cis-13-docosenoic acid. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH. It is found in the seeds of members of the Brassica family of plants, including mustard, rapeseed, and turnip.

Erucic acid has been associated with certain health concerns, particularly in relation to heart function. As a result, many modern varieties of rapeseed have been bred to contain very low levels of erucic acid. These low-erucic acid varieties are used to produce canola oil, which is widely consumed and considered to be a healthy cooking oil.

It's worth noting that while erucic acid has been the subject of some concern in the past, more recent research suggests that it may not be as harmful as previously thought. However, it is still recommended that individuals consume erucic acid in moderation as part of a balanced diet.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "flowers" is not a term that has a medical definition. The term "flowers" is commonly used to refer to the reproductive structures of flowering plants (angiosperms), which are characterized by having both male and female reproductive organs or separate male and female flowers.

If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health conditions, I would be happy to try to help answer those for you!

Polyploidy is a condition in which a cell or an organism has more than two sets of chromosomes, unlike the typical diploid state where there are only two sets (one from each parent). Polyploidy can occur through various mechanisms such as errors during cell division, fusion of egg and sperm cells that have an abnormal number of chromosomes, or through the reproduction process in plants.

Polyploidy is common in the plant kingdom, where it often leads to larger size, increased biomass, and sometimes hybrid vigor. However, in animals, polyploidy is less common and usually occurs in only certain types of cells or tissues, as most animals require a specific number of chromosomes for normal development and reproduction. In humans, polyploidy is typically not compatible with life and can lead to developmental abnormalities and miscarriage.

I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Plant leaves" are not a medical term, but rather a general biological term referring to a specific organ found in plants.

Leaves are organs that are typically flat and broad, and they are the primary site of photosynthesis in most plants. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

While leaves do not have a direct medical definition, understanding their structure and function can be important in various medical fields, such as pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal plants) or environmental health. For example, certain plant leaves may contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential, while others may produce allergens or toxins that can impact human health.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

Genetic hybridization is a biological process that involves the crossing of two individuals from different populations or species, which can lead to the creation of offspring with new combinations of genetic material. This occurs when the gametes (sex cells) from each parent combine during fertilization, resulting in a zygote with a unique genetic makeup.

In genetics, hybridization can also refer to the process of introducing new genetic material into an organism through various means, such as genetic engineering or selective breeding. This type of hybridization is often used in agriculture and biotechnology to create crops or animals with desirable traits, such as increased disease resistance or higher yields.

It's important to note that the term "hybrid" can refer to both crosses between different populations within a single species (intraspecific hybrids) and crosses between different species (interspecific hybrids). The latter is often more challenging, as significant genetic differences between the two parental species can lead to various reproductive barriers, making it difficult for the hybrid offspring to produce viable offspring of their own.

A cotyledon is a seed leaf in plants, which is part of the embryo within the seed. Cotyledons are often referred to as "seed leaves" because they are the first leaves to emerge from the seed during germination and provide nutrients to the developing plant until it can produce its own food through photosynthesis.

In some plants, such as monocotyledons, there is only one cotyledon, while in other plants, such as dicotyledons, there are two cotyledons. The number of cotyledons is a characteristic that is used to classify different types of plants.

Cotyledons serve important functions during the early stages of plant growth, including providing energy and nutrients to the developing plant, protecting the embryo, and helping to anchor the seed in the soil. Once the plant has established its root system and begun to produce true leaves through photosynthesis, the cotyledons may wither or fall off, depending on the species.

A plant root is not a medical term per se, but it is a term from botany, which is the study of plants. However, I can certainly provide a definition for you.

Plant roots are the underground organs of a plant that typically grow downward into the soil. They serve several important functions, including:

1. Anchorage: Roots help to stabilize the plant and keep it upright in the ground.
2. Absorption: Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, which are essential for the plant's growth and development.
3. Conduction: Roots conduct water and nutrients up to the above-ground parts of the plant, such as the stem and leaves.
4. Vegetative reproduction: Some plants can reproduce vegetatively through their roots, producing new plants from root fragments or specialized structures called rhizomes or tubers.

Roots are composed of several different tissues, including the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and vascular tissue. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the root, which secretes a waxy substance called suberin that helps to prevent water loss. The cortex is the middle layer of the root, which contains cells that store carbohydrates and other nutrients. The endodermis is a thin layer of cells that surrounds the vascular tissue and regulates the movement of water and solutes into and out of the root. The vascular tissue consists of xylem and phloem, which transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Plant Structures" is not a medical term. It is a term used in the field of botany to refer to the different parts of a plant, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Each of these structures has specific functions that contribute to the overall growth, reproduction, and survival of the plant. If you have any questions related to biology or botany, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!

Herbicide resistance is a genetically acquired trait in weeds that allows them to survive and reproduce following exposure to doses of herbicides that would normally kill or inhibit the growth of susceptible plants. It is a result of natural selection where weed populations with genetic variability are exposed to herbicides, leading to the survival and reproduction of individuals with resistance traits. Over time, this can lead to an increase in the proportion of resistant individuals within the population, making it harder to control weeds using that particular herbicide or group of herbicides.

Chromosome mapping, also known as physical mapping, is the process of determining the location and order of specific genes or genetic markers on a chromosome. This is typically done by using various laboratory techniques to identify landmarks along the chromosome, such as restriction enzyme cutting sites or patterns of DNA sequence repeats. The resulting map provides important information about the organization and structure of the genome, and can be used for a variety of purposes, including identifying the location of genes associated with genetic diseases, studying evolutionary relationships between organisms, and developing genetic markers for use in breeding or forensic applications.

Agricultural crops refer to plants that are grown and harvested for the purpose of human or animal consumption, fiber production, or other uses such as biofuels. These crops can include grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes, among others. They are typically cultivated using various farming practices, including traditional row cropping, companion planting, permaculture, and organic farming methods. The choice of crop and farming method depends on factors such as the local climate, soil conditions, and market demand. Proper management of agricultural crops is essential for ensuring food security, promoting sustainable agriculture, and protecting the environment.

Synteny, in the context of genetics and genomics, refers to the presence of two or more genetic loci (regions) on the same chromosome, in the same relative order and orientation. This term is often used to describe conserved gene organization between different species, indicating a common ancestry.

It's important to note that synteny should not be confused with "colinearity," which refers to the conservation of gene content and order within a genome or between genomes of closely related species. Synteny is a broader concept that can also include conserved gene order across more distantly related species, even if some genes have been lost or gained in the process.

In medical research, synteny analysis can be useful for identifying conserved genetic elements and regulatory regions that may play important roles in disease susceptibility or other biological processes.

A medical definition for "plant shoots" may not be readily available, as the term is primarily used in botany and horticulture. However, I can provide you with a general definition:

Plant shoots refer to the above-ground portion of a plant, which typically includes structures like stems, leaves, flowers, and buds. Shoots originate from the seed or the growing tip of the plant and are responsible for photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and reproduction. In some contexts, "plant shoots" might also refer to new growth that emerges from an existing plant, such as when a leaf or stem sprouts a new branch or flower.

An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.

Verticillium is a genus of filamentous fungi that are widely distributed in the environment, particularly in soil and decaying plant material. The fungi are known for their characteristic growth pattern, with branches of hyphae (thread-like structures) arising at regular intervals, giving the appearance of a whorl or verticil.

There are several species within the Verticillium genus, but two in particular are well-known for their ability to cause plant diseases: Verticillium dahliae and Verticillium albo-atrum. These species can infect a wide range of plants, including vegetables, fruits, flowers, and trees, causing wilting, stunting, yellowing, and necrosis of leaves and stems. The fungi enter the plant through wounds or natural openings in the roots and then colonize the water-conducting tissues, leading to a reduction in water flow and nutrient uptake.

In humans, Verticillium species are not considered primary pathogens, but there have been rare cases of infection associated with contaminated medical devices or traumatic injuries. These infections can cause localized inflammation and tissue damage, and in some cases may disseminate to other parts of the body, leading to more serious complications. However, such infections are extremely rare and not well-studied.

"Sinapis" is not a term commonly used in modern medical terminology. However, in botanical terms, "Sinapis alba" is the scientific name for white mustard, which is a plant from the Brassicaceae family. The seeds of this plant are often used as a spice or condiment, and they contain compounds that can have medicinal properties. For example, they have been used traditionally to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and bronchitis. However, it's important to note that the use of mustard seeds in medical treatments is not well-studied and should be approached with caution.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) in plants refers to the long, single-stranded molecules that are essential for the translation of genetic information from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into proteins. RNA is a nucleic acid, like DNA, and it is composed of a ribose sugar backbone with attached nitrogenous bases (adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine).

In plants, there are several types of RNA that play specific roles in the gene expression process:

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA): This type of RNA carries genetic information copied from DNA in the form of a sequence of three-base code units called codons. These codons specify the order of amino acids in a protein.
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA): tRNAs are small RNA molecules that serve as adaptors between the mRNA and the amino acids during protein synthesis. Each tRNA has a specific anticodon sequence that base-pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA, and it carries a specific amino acid that corresponds to that codon.
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): rRNAs are structural components of ribosomes, which are large macromolecular complexes where protein synthesis occurs. In plants, there are several types of rRNAs, including the 18S, 5.8S, and 25S/28S rRNAs, that form the core of the ribosome and help catalyze peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.
4. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): These are small RNA molecules that play a role in RNA processing, such as splicing, where introns (non-coding sequences) are removed from pre-mRNA and exons (coding sequences) are joined together to form mature mRNAs.
5. MicroRNA (miRNA): These are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in target mRNAs, leading to their degradation or translation inhibition.

Overall, these different types of RNAs play crucial roles in various aspects of RNA metabolism, gene regulation, and protein synthesis in plants.

A plant disease is a disorder that affects the normal growth and development of plants, caused by pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or nematodes, as well as environmental factors like nutrient deficiencies, extreme temperatures, or physical damage. These diseases can cause various symptoms, including discoloration, wilting, stunted growth, necrosis, and reduced yield or productivity, which can have significant economic and ecological impacts.

A plant stem is not typically defined in a medical context, but rather in the field of botany. However, I can certainly provide a general biological definition for you.

In plants, stems are organs that serve primarily as support structures, holding leaves, flowers, and fruits aloft where they can receive sunlight and exchange gases. They also act as conduits, transporting water, nutrients, and sugars made during photosynthesis between the roots and shoots of a plant.

The stem is usually composed of three main tissue systems: dermal, vascular, and ground. The dermal tissue system forms the outermost layer(s) of the stem, providing protection and sometimes participating in gas exchange. The vascular tissue system contains the xylem (which transports water and nutrients upward) and phloem (which transports sugars and other organic compounds downward). The ground tissue system, located between the dermal and vascular tissues, is responsible for food storage and support.

While not a direct medical definition, understanding the structure and function of plant stems can be relevant in fields such as nutrition, agriculture, and environmental science, which have implications for human health.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a molecular biology technique used for DNA fingerprinting, genetic mapping, and population genetics studies. It is based on the selective amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic DNA, followed by separation and detection of the resulting fragments using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

In AFLP analysis, genomic DNA is first digested with two different restriction enzymes, one that cuts frequently (e.g., EcoRI) and another that cuts less frequently (e.g., MseI). The resulting fragments are then ligated to adapter sequences that provide recognition sites for PCR amplification.

Selective amplification of the restriction fragments is achieved by using primers that anneal to the adapter sequences and contain additional selective nucleotides at their 3' ends. This allows for the amplification of a subset of the total number of restriction fragments, resulting in a pattern of bands that is specific to the DNA sample being analyzed.

The amplified fragments are then separated by size using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by staining with a fluorescent dye. The resulting banding pattern can be used for various applications, including identification of genetic differences between individuals, detection of genomic alterations in cancer cells, and analysis of population structure and diversity.

Overall, AFLP analysis is a powerful tool for the study of complex genomes and has been widely used in various fields of biology, including plant and animal breeding, forensic science, and medical research.

Genetic markers are specific segments of DNA that are used in genetic mapping and genotyping to identify specific genetic locations, diseases, or traits. They can be composed of short tandem repeats (STRs), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), or variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs). These markers are useful in various fields such as genetic research, medical diagnostics, forensic science, and breeding programs. They can help to track inheritance patterns, identify genetic predispositions to diseases, and solve crimes by linking biological evidence to suspects or victims.

Self-incompatibility (SI) in flowering plants is a genetic mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and promotes outcrossing. It is a complex system that recognizes and rejects self-pollen, thus preventing the fusion of sperm and egg from the same plant. This ensures genetic diversity within plant populations and reduces the risk of inbreeding depression.

Self-incompatibility systems are classified into two main types: homomorphic and heteromorphic. Homomorphic SI is found in plants where all individuals have the same morphological appearance, but their pollen is rejected by genetically similar stigmas. Heteromorphic SI occurs in plants with distinct morphological differences between individuals (dimorphic or trimorphic), and pollen from one form is rejected by the stigma of another form.

The genetic basis for self-incompatibility involves a specific gene locus, called the S-locus, which contains two tightly linked genes: the pistil S gene (SP) and the pollen S gene (SR). The SP gene encodes a receptor kinase in the stigma that recognizes and interacts with the SR protein on compatible pollen grains. In self-incompatible interactions, the SP and SR proteins interact in a way that triggers a signal transduction cascade leading to the inhibition of pollen tube growth and subsequent rejection of self-pollen.

Self-incompatibility is an essential mechanism for maintaining genetic diversity and ensuring the long-term survival and adaptability of plant populations.

Scarlet Fever is a bacterial illness that mainly affects children and is characterized by a bright red rash on the body, high fever, and a sore throat. It's caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria (Strep throat) and is treatable with antibiotics. The distinctive red rash associated with Scarlet Fever is due to toxins produced by the bacteria, which can also cause other symptoms such as flushed face, strawberry tongue, and a pale ring around the mouth. If left untreated, Scarlet Fever can lead to serious complications like kidney damage or rheumatic fever.

I must apologize, but "Gardening" is not a term that has a medical definition. Gardening is an activity that involves the cultivation and care of plants, typically in a garden or other outdoor space. It may include tasks such as planting, watering, weeding, pruning, and harvesting. While gardening can have physical and mental health benefits, it is not a medical term or concept.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "love" is not a term that has a widely accepted medical or clinical definition. It's a term that's used to describe a strong feeling of affection, protectiveness, warmth, and respect for another person. While there can be psychological and neurobiological aspects to feelings of love, it's not a term that's used in a medical context in the same way that terms like "inflammation" or "hypertension" are used.

If you have any questions related to healthcare or medicine, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!

Climate, in the context of environmental science and medicine, refers to the long-term average of weather conditions (such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, and other meteorological elements) in a given region over a period of years to decades. It is the statistical description of the weather patterns that occur in a particular location over long periods of time.

In medical terms, climate can have significant impacts on human health, both physical and mental. For example, extreme temperatures, air pollution, and ultraviolet radiation levels associated with certain climates can increase the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, heat-related illnesses, and skin cancer. Similarly, changes in climate patterns can affect the distribution and prevalence of infectious diseases, such as malaria and Lyme disease.

Climate change, which refers to significant long-term changes in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years, can have even more profound impacts on human health, including increased rates of heat-related illnesses and deaths, worsening air quality, and altered transmission patterns of infectious diseases.

Sarepta mustard Brassica loncholoma Pomel Brassica macrocarpa Guss. Brassica maurorum Durieu Brassica montana Pourr. Brassica ... Brassica somalensis Hedge & A.G.Mill. Brassica souliei (Batt.) Batt. Brassica spinescens Pomel Brassica taiwanensis S.S.Ying ... Brassica hilarionis Post - St. Hilarion cabbage Brassica incana Ten. Brassica insularis Moris Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. - ... Mallorca cabbage Brassica barrelieri (L.) Janka Brassica beytepeensis Yıld. Brassica bourgeaui (Webb ex Christ) Kuntze Brassica ...
... can refer to: Brassica arvensis Hablitz, a synonym of Brassica rapa L. Brassica arvensis L., a synonym of ... Moricandia arvensis (L.) DC., purple mistress Brassica arvensis (L.) Rabenh., a synonym of Rhamphospermum arvense (L.) Andrz. ...
"Brassica cretica Lam.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-12-25 "Brassica cretica Lam.", Plants of the World ... Bothmer Brassica cretica subsp. cretica Brassica cretica subsp. laconica M.A.Gust. & Snogerup Other sources have recognized ... A 2021 study suggested that it was the origin of cultivated Brassica oleracea, with later admixture from other Brassica species ... Brassica cretica is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to the Eastern Mediterranean, particularly ...
UC Info Page Photo gallery Links to Sahara Mustard articles and photos "Brassica tournefortii". Plants for a Future. Brassica ... Brassica tournefortii is a species of plant known by the common names Asian mustard, pale cabbage, African mustard, and Sahara ... doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35574-2. Abd El-Gawad, A. M. (2014). "Ecology and allelopathic control of Brassica tournefortii in ... USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Brassica tournefortii". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant ...
... , the elongated mustard or long-stalked rape, is a species of the mustard plant that is native to parts of ... Brassica elongata is a perennial plant. Its habitat is often located in semi-arid to arid climates in regions located in Europe ... Brassica elongata has the propagative potential of turning into a horticultural product from what is currently a noxious weed. ... Brassica elongata is a native species that spreads from Eastern European countries starting from Austria to the Asian-Temperate ...
The closely related Brassica napus (rapeseed) is considered a better oilseed crop in comparison. Brassica carinata has been ... It is believed to be a hybrid between Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea. The flowers attract honey bees to collect pollen ... Brassica carinata is a species of flowering plant in the Brassicaceae family. It is referred to by the common names Ethiopian ... "Brassica carinata A.Braun". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved ...
... is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock ... Hexaplex brassica (Lamarck, 1822). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 24 April 2010. v t e (Articles with ...
... is a species of perennial cruciferous plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is endemic to Northern Cyprus ... Brassica hilarionis is endemic to the subtropical Northern Range in Northern Cyprus, from Yayla to Kornos. It inhabits rocky ... Hilarion Cabbage.[citation needed] Brassica hilarionis is a perennial subshrub that grows in the subtropical biome of Northern ... Kyratzis, A; Hadjikyriakou, T (2011). "Brassica hilarionis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1. ...
... can refer to: Brassica sinapis Noulet, a synonym of Rhamphospermum nigrum (L.) Al-Shehbaz Brassica sinapis Vis ...
"Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)". kew.org. Royal Botanic Gardens. Accessed March 23, 2023 "Brassica oleracea groups". ces.ncsu ... PROTAbase on Brassica oleracea (Brussels sprouts) PROTAbase on Brassica oleracea (cauliflower and broccoli) Video Overview of ... Snogerup, Sven; Gustafsson, Mats; Bothmer, Roland Von (1990-01-01). "Brassica sect. Brassica (Brassicaceae) I. Taxonomy and ... Brassica, Brassica oleracea, Plants described in 1753, Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus, Flora of Europe). ...
... fruticulosa Brassica fruticulosa glaberrima Brassica fruticulosa mauritanica Brassica fruticulosa numidica ... Brassica fruticulosa at Florabase - The Western Australian Flora. Brassica fruticulosa at www.calflora.org. "Brassica ... Brassica fruticulosa, the Mediterranean cabbage or twiggy turnip, is a member of the agriculturally significant genus Brassica ... Brassica fruticulosa pomeliana Brassica fruticulosa radicata Brassica fruticulosa has been synthetically cross-bred with ...
Canola oil is sourced from three species of Brassica plants: Brassica rapa and Brassica napus are commonly grown in Canada, ... "Brassica rapa L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 22 August 2022. "Brassica rapa subsp. ... Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera is an oilseed which has many common names, including rape, field mustard, bird's rape, and ... The term rapeseed oil is a general term for oil from Brassica species. Food grade oil made from the seed of low-erucic acid ...
The following subtaxa are currently accepted: Brassica rupestris subsp. hispida Raimondo & Mazzola - Sicily Brassica rupestris ... Brassica rupestris is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to southwestern Italy, and Sicily. The ... Brassica rupestris subsp. rupestris is found in mountainous areas of Calabria and Sicily, and has been reassessed as Least ... Brassica rupestris was described and named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1810. In 1997 Francesco Raimondo and Pietro ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to the northern Sinai Peninsula. An annual ... "Brassica deserti Danin & Hedge". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 22 June 2023. Danin, Avinoam ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Brassica, ...
... another mustard variety Brassica oleracea - wild cabbage Brassica nigra - black mustard, another mustard variety Brassica rapa ... ISBN 0-89672-614-2. PROTAbase on Brassica juncea Brassica juncea " Multilingual taxonomic information". University of Melbourne ... Brassica juncea is also known as gai choi, siu gai choi, xaio jie cai, baby mustard, Chinese leaf mustard or mostaza. Lai shak ... In particular, Brassica juncea was particularly effective at removing cadmium from soil. The process of removing heavy metals ...
The term is also used more loosely to refer to thinnings and trimmed-off leaves of other types of Brassica, including turnip ... Spring greens are a cultivar of Brassica oleracea in the cultivar acephala group, similar to kale, in which the central leaves ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brassica oleracea var. acephala. v t e v t e (Articles with 'species' microformats, All ... "Ocorrência e diversidade de insetos predadores e parasitóides na cultura de couve Brassica oleracea Var. acephala em Lavras MG ...
In biology, the BBCH-scale for other brassica vegetables describes the phenological development of vegetables such as brussels ... The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of other brassica vegetables are: 1 For broccoli 2 For brussels ...
Brassica. "Donors". World Vegetable Center. Retrieved 25 May 2022. "Affiliates , Global Research Alliance". ...
Brassica. "Home". World Vegetable Center. Retrieved 2021-12-05. Turck, Dominique; Bohn, Torsten; Castenmiller, Jacqueline; ...
The species Brassica napus originated as a hybrid between the cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and the turnip (Brassica rapa). ... It originated from a cross between turnip (Brassica rapa) and Brassica oleracea. The resulting cross doubled its chromosomes, ... Brassica napobrassica was first validly published by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum as a variety of B. ... The term turnip is also used for the white turnip (Brassica rapa ssp rapa). Some will also refer to both swede and (white) ...
"Brassica nigra". MaltaWildPlants.com. Retrieved 2022-01-04. Mifsud, Stephen. "Brassica oleracea s.l.". MaltaWildPlants.com. ... "Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris". MaltaWildPlants.com. Retrieved 2022-01-04. Mifsud, Stephen. "Brassica tournefortii". ... "Brassica napus subsp. oleifera". MaltaWildPlants.com. Retrieved 2022-01-04. Mifsud, Stephen. " ...
Brassica spp., Rubus idaeus, Sorbus aucuparia, Pisum sativum. ^ The flight season refers to Belgium and The Netherlands. This ...
Brassica sp., Brassica campestris, Rubus idaeus, Malus domestica, Trifolium sp., Galium sp., Cirsium arvense. . Seitz, A. Ed., ...
"Brassica Growers Association". 30 October 2008. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008. "British Herbs - Home". Bhta.org ... The Asparagus Growers Association The Brassica Growers Association The British Herb Trade Association The British Onion ...
Colewort - Brassica oleracea. Cabbage. Coralwort - Tooth violet. Crosswort - Eupatorium perfoliatum. Lysimachia quadrifolia. ...
Brassica arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Thell. Brassica barbareifolia Ball Brassica kaber (DC.) Wheeler Brassica kaber var. ... Brassica nigra var. villosa (Mérat) Alef. Brassica sinapis Vis. Brassica sinapistrum Boiss. Brassica sinapistrum f. brachycarpa ... Brassica sinapistrum var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Samp. Brassica sinapistrum var. siliqua-hirsuta Boiss. Brassica xinjiangensis Y.C ... orientalis (L.) Scoggan Brassica kaber var. pinnatifida (Stokes) L.C.Wheeler Brassica kaber var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) L.C. ...
Brassica napus grows to 100 cm (39 in) in height with hairless, fleshy, pinnatifid and glaucous lower leaves which are stalked ... Rapeseed (Brassica napus subsp. napus), also known as oilseed rape, is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family ... The species Brassica napus belongs to the flowering plant family Brassicaceae. Rapeseed is a subspecies with the autonym B. ... Media related to Brassica napus at Wikimedia Commons Media related to Rapeseed oil at Wikimedia Commons (Articles with short ...
It is a member of the genus Brassica of the mustard family, Brassicaceae (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis or Brassica ... "Brassica chinensis var. Parachinensis (Choy Sum)". zipcodezoo.com. Archived from the original on 12 April 2013. Retrieved 22 ... Brassica, Cantonese cuisine, East Asian vegetables, Leaf vegetables, All stub articles, Chinese cuisine stubs, Vegetable stubs) ... Kong Cooked choy sum in soy sauce in Hong Kong List of leaf vegetables Bok choy Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brassica ...
"Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris. Pōhata. Wild turnip. - Ngā Rauropi Whakaoranga". rauropiwhakaoranga.landcareresearch.co.nz. ... Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris) "NZGB Gazetteer". New Zealand Geographic Board Ngā Pou Taunaha o Aotearoa. Retrieved 9 April ...
"Brassica rapa var. chinensis in Flora of China". efloras.org. Retrieved 2022-04-28. "Brassica rapa var. glabra in Flora of ... Now considered a subspecies of Brassica rapa, this group was originally classified as its own species under the name Brassica ... Media related to Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis at Wikimedia Commons Bok Choy at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject (Articles ... "Genetic Characterization of Brassica rapa chinensis L.,B. rapa parachinensis (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt, and B. oleracea alboglabra ...
Sarepta mustard Brassica loncholoma Pomel Brassica macrocarpa Guss. Brassica maurorum Durieu Brassica montana Pourr. Brassica ... Brassica somalensis Hedge & A.G.Mill. Brassica souliei (Batt.) Batt. Brassica spinescens Pomel Brassica taiwanensis S.S.Ying ... Brassica hilarionis Post - St. Hilarion cabbage Brassica incana Ten. Brassica insularis Moris Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. - ... Mallorca cabbage Brassica barrelieri (L.) Janka Brassica beytepeensis Yıld. Brassica bourgeaui (Webb ex Christ) Kuntze Brassica ...
2. wild cabbage, Brassica oleracea, crucifer, cruciferous plant. usage: wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western ... 1. cabbage, cultivated cabbage, Brassica oleracea, crucifer, cruciferous plant. usage: any of various cultivars of the genus ... Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers. ...
... of Brassica rapa. Bok choy belongs to a family of plants that includes other vegetables popular in Asian cookery such as ... Brassica rapa), member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) that is a variety (chinensis) ... bok choy, (Brassica rapa), member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) that is a variety (chinensis) of Brassica rapa. ... Also known as: Brassica rapa, variety chinensis, Chinese cabbage, bak choi, pak choi, spoon cabbage ...
Greater Columbus Convention & Visitors Bureau. 277 W. Nationwide Blvd., Ste. 125. Columbus, OH 43215. (614) 221-6623 I 800-354-2657. ...
Brassica carinata is a ANNUAL growing to 1 m (3ft 3in) at a fast rate. See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK ... Most Brassica species are cross-pollinating, which contributes to the great diversity within species. Brassica carinata is an ... Brassica carinata is a ANNUAL growing to 1 m (3ft 3in) at a fast rate.. See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 9 ... Brassica juncea integrifolia strumata. Large Petiole Mustard. Annual. 0.8. 6-10 F. LMH. SN. M. 4. 2. 2. ...
The genus Brassica encompasses 30 or so species of annuals, biennials, perennials, and subshrubs from the Mediterranean region ... Brassica oleracea. The genus Brassica encompasses 30 or so species of annuals, biennials, perennials, and subshrubs from the ... Most Brassica species are grown in the vegetable garden, but others are very decorative, such as the ornamental cabbages, and ... Brassica are also susceptible to black leg, white rust, black leaf spot, downy and powdery mildews, damping off, white mold, ...
Containing more than 50% of omega 9 oleic acid, rapeseed oil is very moisturising and emollient on the skin.
The name "brassica" encompasses all of that. "Cabbage, broccoli, mustard greens, kohlrabi-there are tons of brassicas, and they ... Whisk at Fazenda (Brassica Kitchen + Café coming soon), 3710 Washington St., Jamaica Plain, Boston; 617-756-7571 or Facebook. ... Slowly But Surely, the Whisk Team Is Developing Brassica Kitchen + Café. Chef Jeremy Kean discusses the new concept he and ... "The name, and what the sign is going to say when we finish the renovations, will be Brassica Kitchen + Café." ...
The brassica family of vegetables includes: broccoli, spinach, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale, collard greens, ... Dietary Information & Advice about Brassicas, Brassica Vegetables, Hypothyroidism. Brassicas. Brassicas. Diet Nutrition. The ... This is because brassicas may suppress the function of the thyroid gland. However, modest amounts of brassicas should prove no ... Diet Foods & Nutrition Dietary Information & Advice about Broccoli, Glucosinolates, Brassicas, Calories in Broccoli… Read More ...
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Spring Brassicas. Cole crops are the common name for plants in the Brassica family, including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, ...
... ID: 0000 0000 0321 1629 [detail]. © 2021 Zoya Akulova. Brassica campestris. ID: 0000 0000 0321 1630 [ ... QUERY: SELECT * FROM img WHERE ready=1 and genre = "Plant" and taxon = "Brassica campestris" ORDER BY taxon. Click on the ...
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.. Taxonomic Serial No.: 530957 (Download Help) Brassica oleracea var. botrytis TSN 530957 ...
Brassica rapa L. 蕪菁(圓菜頭) Code: 357 003 09 0. Volume & Page: VI(ed1): 57. ...
5. Brassica nigra (Linnaeus) W. D. J. Koch in J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl. ed. 3. 4: 713. 1833. Black mustard Sinapis nigra ... Brassica nigra is widely cultivated as a condiment mustard. It is also a cosmopolitan weed especially common in the valleys of ...
Find tickets for Brassica concerts near you. Browse 2023 tour dates, venue details, concert reviews, photos, and more at ... About Brassica. Brassica is music by UK producer Michael Anthony Wright. His music distills a storied musical past; capturing ... About Brassica. Brassica is music by UK producer Michael Anthony Wright. His music distills a storied musical past; capturing ... Brassicas Live performances are equally special, as BICEP said recently "WEVE BEEN BRASSICAS BIGGEST FANS FOR YEARS. HIS ...
Brassica rapa Pak Choi Group [kow peck chye]. Family Name:. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). ...
Discover how to plant tasty brassicas like broccoli, cauliflower and cabbages, in our practical guide, from the experts at BBC ... How to plant brassicas. Find out how to plant-out brassicas including sprouting broccoli and cauliflower, in our How-to guide. ... Brassicas form the mainstay of the vegetable plot all year round in the form of summer and winter cabbage, cauliflower, ... Whether youve raised your own brassicas from seed or opted for ready-grown seedlings, spring and early summer is the time to ...
Brassicas are easy to grow but are subject to some insect pests that you should know about. The most common pest I see on ... Brassica is a genus of plants in the mustard, or Brassicaceae, family that includes mustard greens, cabbage, broccoli, collard ... I recommend a permethrin spray to control brassica insects. Bonide Eight is easy to find at your local co-op or garden center ... Flea beetles and aphids are other common pests of brassicas. Flea beetles chew very small holes in the leaves while aphids suck ...
Syngentas new digital data-sharing platform Brassica Alert is now live and ready to help with pest and disease decisions ... Allium & Brassica Centre trials have shown that using Brassica Alert to adapt agronomy programmes, as part of an IPM strategy, ... Created by Syngenta, Brassica Alert draws on independent data and assessments by the Allium & Brassica Centre. ... Using Brassica Alert to assess risks for moth and thrips can help pick the most effective timing in the programme for Minecto ...
Brassica rapa var. trilocularis Kitam.. Synonym. TRO. 2012-04-18. Brassica rapa f. variegata Alef.. Synonym. WCSP (in review). ... Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt. Synonym. TRO. 2012-04-18. Brassica rapa var. perviridis L.H.Bailey. Synonym. ... Brassica chinensis L.. Synonym. WCSP (in review). 2012-03-23. Brassica chinensis var. angustifolia V.G. Sun. Synonym. TRO. 2012 ... Brassica campestris var. pekinensis (Lour.) Viehoever. Synonym. TRO. 2012-04-18. Brassica campestris f. praecox DC.. Synonym. ...
Argentine Canola (Brassica napus) GM Events (45 Events) Event Name and Code. Trade Name. ...
... Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. ... Especially, kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) is characterized by good nutritional and pro-healthy properties, but this ... Background: Cabbage vegetables, like Brassica group, are perceived as very valuable food products. They have a very good ...
Scarlet Kashmir, also known as Scarlet Ball is an heirloom variety with 3 inch diameter roots which are somewhat flat. The color of the skin is rose
... billede af Brassica rapa ssp. campestris. Gratis brug for skoler osv., betalt brug 200 - 400 DKK /foto. Hobro Skov, Jylland, ...
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... impacted the fatty acid elongation process during Brassica evolution. Polyploidization has also increased the number of ELO ... genome-wide analysis and mode of evolution of KCS and ELO gene families have not been investigated in tetraploid Brassica ... 2f). Interestingly, group II and IV proteins were only present in Brassica species suggesting these might be Brassica specific ... Song, X. et al. Brassica carinata genome characterization clarifies Us triangle model of evolution and polyploidy in Brassica ...
  • Brassica napus L. - rapeseed, rutabaga, Siberian kale Brassica nivalis Boiss. (wikipedia.org)
  • the Netherlands and the University of Queensland, Australia) announced it had sequenced the entire genome of rapeseed (canola, Brassica napus) and its constituent genomes present in B. rapa and B. oleracea in 2009. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was used to breed Brassica napus canola and is still investigated for potential sources of genetic diversity for canola. (canolacouncil.org)
  • Genomic fatty acid elongation 1 (FAE1) clones from high erucic acid (HEA) Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea, and low erucic acid (LEA) B. napus cv. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Spatio-temporal expression dynamics differ between homologues of flowering time genes in the allopolyploid Brassica napus. (jic.ac.uk)
  • Here we investigate the retention and spatio-temporal expression dynamics of duplicated genes predicted to regulate the floral transition in Brassica napus (oilseed rape, OSR). (jic.ac.uk)
  • The use of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) straw for combustion purposes: a review of the advantages and disadvantages. (harper-adams.ac.uk)
  • Analysis of Gene Expression in Resynthesized Brassica napus Allopolypl" by Robert T. Gaeta, Suk-Young Yoo et al. (purdue.edu)
  • Studies in resynthesized Brassica napus allopolyploids indicate that homoeologous chromosome exchanges in advanced generations (S5:6) alter gene expression through the loss and doubling of homoeologous genes within the rearrangements. (purdue.edu)
  • A causal inference and Bayesian optimisation framework for modelling multi-trait relationships-Proof-of-concept using Brassica napus seed yield under controlled conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Brassica oleracea var. (johnnyseeds.com)
  • Report: Brassica oleracea var. (itis.gov)
  • Composition and antioxidant activity of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. (nih.gov)
  • Especially, kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, 53 KCS genes were identified in B. carinata compared to 32 and 33 KCS genes in B. nigra and B. oleracea respectively, which suggests that polyploidization might has impacted the fatty acid elongation process during Brassica evolution. (nature.com)
  • The B. oleracea being closest to Arabidopsis thaliana is considered an important Brassica species to study polyploidy 8 . (nature.com)
  • Brassica oleracea is a plant species, that contains 23 different cultivars (plants which evolved primarily due to human selection) of wild cabbage, a relatively nondescript herb, to which many vegetables that we eat belong. (explainxkcd.com)
  • Every year or two, botanists add another plant to Brassica oleracea and see if anyone calls them on it. (explainxkcd.com)
  • Herein we report the fatty acid, amino acid and mineral and trace element content of three leafy plant foods collected in July 2002 in the villages of Droum and Zongon Mallam in the Republic of Niger: cecego (Sesbania pachycarpa), godilo/gudai (Crataeva religiosa), and cabbage leaf (Brassica oleracea var. (cdc.gov)
  • Cole crops are the common name for plants in the Brassica family, including broccoli , Brussels sprouts , cabbage , cauliflower , collards , mustard greens , kale and kohlrabi . (highmowingseeds.com)
  • The results indicated an increase in the total harvest weight of kale ( Brassica alboglabra Bailey). (scirp.org)
  • J. Li, C. Wee and B. Sohn, "Effect of Ammonium- and Potassium-Loaded Zeolite on Kale ( Brassica alboglabra ) Growth and Soil Property," American Journal of Plant Sciences , Vol. 4 No. 10, 2013, pp. 1976-1982. (scirp.org)
  • Brassica species and varieties commonly used for food include bok choy, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, choy sum, kohlrabi, napa cabbage, rutabaga, turnip and some seeds used in the production of canola oil and the condiment mustard. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cabbage, broccoli, mustard greens, kohlrabi-there are tons of brassicas, and they all grow native in New England, as well as a lot of other places in the world," Kean explained. (bostonmagazine.com)
  • Find out how to plant-out brassicas including sprouting broccoli and cauliflower, in our How-to guide. (gardenersworld.com)
  • Brassicas form the mainstay of the vegetable plot all year round in the form of summer and winter cabbage, cauliflower, sprouting broccoli, calabrese and Brussels sprouts. (gardenersworld.com)
  • Using Brassica Alert to assess risks for moth and thrips can help pick the most effective timing in the programme for Minecto One treatments in cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprout and broccoli. (fruitnet.com)
  • The flowers, seeds, stalks, and tender leaves of many species of Brassica can be eaten raw or cooked. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brassica species are sometimes used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species-see List of Lepidoptera that feed on Brassica. (wikipedia.org)
  • The following species are accepted: Brassica assyriaca Mouterde Brassica aucheri Boiss. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genus Brassica encompasses 30 or so species of annuals, biennials, perennials, and subshrubs from the Mediterranean region to Asia. (finegardening.com)
  • Most Brassica species are grown in the vegetable garden, but others are very decorative, such as the ornamental cabbages, and are used in bedding or in a border. (finegardening.com)
  • This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Brassica (family Brassicaceae ). (theplantlist.org)
  • Abstract Brassica rapa L. is an annual Brassicaceae species cultivated for oil and food production, whose wild form is a weed of crops worldwide. (weedscience.com)
  • Possible concomitant exposure to environmental and dietary goitrogens other than lithium (eg, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], thiocyanate, naturally occurring thioglycosides and glucosinolates found in vegetables in the Brassica species, such as Brussels sprouts). (medscape.com)
  • Brassica (/ˈbræsɪkə/) is a genus of plants in the cabbage and mustard family (Brassicaceae). (wikipedia.org)
  • The genus Brassica is known for its important agricultural and horticultural crops and also includes a number of weeds, both of wild taxa and escapees from cultivation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genus Brassica L. pub. (crescentbloom.com)
  • 5. Brassica nigra (Linnaeus) W. D. J. Koch in J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. (efloras.org)
  • Brassica nigra is widely cultivated as a condiment mustard. (efloras.org)
  • Brassica insularis Moris Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. (wikipedia.org)
  • ex O.E.Schulz Brassica carinata A.Braun - Abyssinian mustard or Abyssinian cabbage, used to produce biodiesel Brassica cretica Lam. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brassica carinata - A.Braun. (pfaf.org)
  • Abyssinian cabbage, Brassica carinata, is a tropical erect plant that grows around 100 - 180 cm tall. (pfaf.org)
  • Brassica carinata is a ANNUAL growing to 1 m (3ft 3in) at a fast rate. (pfaf.org)
  • The comparative genome-wide analysis and mode of evolution of KCS and ELO gene families have not been investigated in tetraploid Brassica carinata and its diploid progenitors. (nature.com)
  • Brassicas are easy to grow but are subject to some insect pests that you should know about. (lsuagcenter.com)
  • Flea beetles and aphids are other common pests of brassicas. (lsuagcenter.com)
  • Brassica Alert is now live for the 2023 season, providing growers and agronomists with up-to-date assessments and risks of key pests and diseases, to aid proactive agronomy decisions. (fruitnet.com)
  • Diseases and pests covered by Brassica Alert include ringspot and white blister, thrips, silver Y and diamond back moth. (fruitnet.com)
  • Brassica plants have been the subject of much scientific interest for their agricultural importance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brassica' was Pliny the Elder's name for several cabbage-like plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brassica L." Plants of the World Online. (wikipedia.org)
  • The area was blessed with rain, and you can see new brassica and soybean plants beginning to grow. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • Cabbage vegetables, like Brassica group, are perceived as very valuable food products. (nih.gov)
  • In early Nebraska studies, oats and brassicas (turnips and radishes) planted in mid- to late August after early corn silage harvest were shown to maintain quality from November through January. (hayandforage.com)
  • Whether you've raised your own brassicas from seed or opted for ready-grown seedlings, spring and early summer is the time to plant them out. (gardenersworld.com)
  • Syngenta technical manager, Simon Jackson, advocated Brassica Alert provides a valuable picture of agronomic pressures across the primary eastern counties production areas, along with advance warning of potential risks to optimise crop protection decisions. (fruitnet.com)
  • Priming of Brassica seeds to improve the speed of emergence, resulting in more uniformly germinaton seedlings. (incotec.com)
  • As explained in the video, we often roll the field with a cultipacker after disking (or tilling) to ensure that tiny brassica seeds aren't buried too deep in the fluffy soil, then we roll the field again after spreading seed. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • Is it better to work the soil with a disk and then plant brassicas (left and center photos), or broadcast seed over a weedy field (right) and then flatten the weeds and spray to kill them? (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • And to my knowledge, there's nothing you can spray on his food plot now that will kill weeds but not harm brassicas. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • Yes, the brassicas are growing okay, and deer will feed on them, but weeds are still dominating the food plot. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • In contrast, the no-till field is relatively clean (free of actively growing weeds), and the brassicas look good. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • Over time U-triangle developed on polyploidization of Brassica 's proved its usefulness in studying the evolution of various genes and phenotypes 3 . (nature.com)
  • As expected, yeast cells expressing the FAE1 genes from HEA Brassica spp. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • In light of the inherent limitations of the Arabidopsis microarray to measure gene expression in polyploid Brassicas , further studies are warranted. (purdue.edu)
  • Indian mustard, brown and leaf mustards, Sarepta mustard Brassica loncholoma Pomel Brassica macrocarpa Guss. (wikipedia.org)
  • The energy content of the oats and brassicas remained high into January even though the forage "appeared" brown and wilted. (hayandforage.com)
  • The most common pest I see on brassicas are caterpillars (worms). (lsuagcenter.com)
  • However, modest amounts of brassicas should prove no problem. (annecollins.com)
  • All brassicas like rich, hearty soil, so manure the ground well the autumn before planting. (gardenersworld.com)
  • A Wisconsin deer hunter compares the results of planting brassicas on two food plots - one disked vs. one where the soil wasn't disturbed. (grandviewoutdoors.com)
  • Whisk at Fazenda hasn't taken a day off since the chefs took over the Fazenda Coffee Roasters Café on January 6, but Kruta and Kean have been transforming the space into Brassica Kitchen + Café the whole time. (bostonmagazine.com)
  • Bonide Eight is easy to find at your local co-op or garden center and the label gives a 1-day pre-harvest interval for greens and other brassicas. (lsuagcenter.com)
  • Allium & Brassica Centre trials have shown that using Brassica Alert to adapt agronomy programmes, as part of an IPM strategy, can enable growers to maintain the same high levels of disease control with fewer well-timed fungicide applications, compared to routine fixed-interval treatments. (fruitnet.com)
  • The digestibility of the brassicas was especially high and appeared to be more nutritionally similar to a grain concentrate than a forage. (hayandforage.com)
  • A healthy diet should include regular helpings of brassicas. (annecollins.com)
  • Gaja, Alteni di Brassica Langhe White) Subscribe to see review text. (cellartracker.com)