Callosities
Efficacy of injected liquid silicone in the diabetic foot to reduce risk factors for ulceration: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. (1/21)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of injecting liquid silicone in the diabetic foot to reduce risk factors for ulceration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 28 diabetic neuropathic patients without peripheral vascular disease were randomized to active treatment with 6 injections of 0.2 ml liquid silicone in the plantar surface of the foot or to treatment with an equal volume of saline (placebo). No significant differences were evident regarding age or neuropathy status between the 2 groups. All injections were under the metatarsal heads at sites of calluses or high pressures. Barefoot plantar pressures (pedobarography) and plantar tissue thickness under the metatarsal heads (Planscan ultrasound device) were measured at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the first injection. Injection sites were photographed at all stages, and callus formation was scored as a change from baseline. Throughout the study, patients were treated by the same podiatrist for all podiatry treatment. RESULTS: Patients who received silicone treatment had significantly increased plantar tissue thickness at injection sites compared with the placebo group (1.8 vs. 0.1 mm) (P < 0.0001) and correspondingly significantly decreased plantar pressures (-232 vs. -25 kPa) (P < 0.05) at 3 months, with similar results at 6 and 12 months. A trend was noted toward a reduction of callus formation in the silicone-treated group compared with no change in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the efficacy of plantar silicone injections in reducing recognized risk factors associated with diabetic foot ulceration. (+info)Preliminary investigation of debridement of plantar callosities in rheumatoid arthritis. (2/21)
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of expert debridement of foot callosities on forefoot pain and plantar pressure distribution in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Plantar callosities on 14 feet of eight RA patients were debrided by a single podiatrist. Measurements of subjective pain severity in the forefoot and global arthritis pain were undertaken using a visual analogue scale, repeated at 7-day intervals to the next treatment (28 days). Plantar pressures were recorded at the lesion sites using an in-shoe flexible transducer insole before and after lesion debridement. RESULTS: Following debridement, all patients reported symptomatic relief with an average change in pain score of 48% (P = 0.01) but the treatment effect was lost by 7 days. Immediately following scalpel debridement, peak pressures were elevated in 10 of 14 feet, whilst contact time was reduced and peak force increased. None, however, reached statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Scalpel debridement of forefoot plantar callosities reduces forefoot pain for about 7 days, but pressure distribution is not significantly altered. (+info)Metatarsal osteotomy for metatarsalgia. (3/21)
An oblique osteotomy in the distal half of the metatarsal shaft is described for the treatment of metatarsalgia due to prolapse of one or more of the middle three metatarsal heads. Thirty-eight patients who have had this operation have been followed up for a period of from two to five years. The operation is simple, recovery is rapid and symptoms have been well relieved. (+info)The foot in chronic rheumatoid arthritis. (4/21)
The feet of 200 consecutive admissions with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were studied. 104 were found to have pain or deformity. Clinical involvement of the joints was seen more often than radiological joint damage in the ankle, but the reverse was the case in the midtarsal joints. The metatarsophalangeal joints were involved most frequently both clinically and radiologically. Sixty per cent of the patients required modified shoes but only a third of these had received them. The need for more shoes is clear, and although this is a highly selected group of patients they were all under specialist care. The increased expenditure on special footwear would benefit the patient, firstly by improving ambulation, and secondly perhaps by reducing the number of operations necessary. Hallux valgus was very common and occurred with similar frequency to disease in the other metatarsophalangeal joints. Although not exclusive to rheumatoid arthritis, hallux valgus must have been caused for the most part by the rheumatoid arthritis and if so, then it is suggested that the provision of suitable shoes for patients may be less costly than subsequent surgical treatment. (+info)Corns and calluses resulting from mechanical hyperkeratosis. (5/21)
The formation of corns and calluses can be caused by mechanical stresses from faulty footgear (the wearing of poorly fitting shoes), abnormal foot mechanics (deformity of the foot exerting abnormal pressure), and high levels of activity. Corns and calluses result from hyperkeratosis, a normal physiologic response of the skin to chronic excessive pressure or friction. Treatment should provide symptomatic relief and alleviate the underlying mechanical cause. The lesions will usually disappear following the removal of the causative mechanical forces. Most lesions can be managed conservatively by the use of properly fitting shoes and padding to redistribute mechanical forces. Surgery is only indicated if conservative measures fail and should be aimed at correcting the abnormal mechanical stresses. (+info)The prevalence of foot problems in older women: a cause for concern. (6/21)
BACKGROUND: Painful feet are an extremely common problem amongst older women. Such problems increase the risk of falls and hamper mobility. The aetiology of painful and deformed feet is poorly understood. METHODS: Data were obtained during a pilot case-control study about past high heel usage in women, in relation to osteoarthritis of the knee. A total of 127 women aged 50-70 were interviewed (31 cases, 96 controls); case-control sets were matched for age. The following information was obtained about footwear: (1) age when first wore shoes with heels 1, 2 and 3 inches high; (2) height of heels worn for work; (3) maximum height of heels worn regularly for work, going out socially and for dancing, in 10-year age bands. Information about work-related activities and lifetime occupational history was gathered using a Life-Grid. The interview included a foot inspection. RESULTS: Foot problems, particularly foot arthritis, affected considerably more cases than controls (45 per cent versus 16 per cent, p = 0.001) and was considered a confounder. Cases were therefore excluded from subsequent analyses. Amongst controls, the prevalence of any foot problems was very high (83 per cent). All women had regularly worn one inch heels and few (8 per cent) had never worn 2 inch heels. Foot problems were significantly associated with a history of wearing relatively lower heels. Few work activities were related to foot problems; regular lifting was associated with foot pain (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Most women in this age-group have been exposed to high-heeled shoes over many years, making aetiological research difficult in this area. Foot pain and deformities are widespread. The relationship between footwear, occupational activities and foot problems is a complex one that deserves considerably more research. (+info)The impact of callosities on the magnitude and duration of plantar pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus. A callus may cause 18,600 kilograms of excess plantar pressure per day. (7/21)
BACKGROUND: The importance of high peak plantar pressure (PP) in the development of foot ulcer is well known. However, few studies have analyzed the real impact of callosities on plantar pressure and ulcer formation. METHODS: The plantar pressure (PP) in patients with diabetes mellitus was studied in three groups, of a total number of 33 type 2 diabetic patients, without neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease: subjects with callus (A) (n = 10), subjects without callus (B) (n = 10), and a separate group of patients with callus which was submitted to callus removal (C) (n = 13). The plantar pressure (PP) parameters were measured by FSR 174 sensors and computer analyses were performed by LabView. RESULTS: Both maximum peak PP and duration of PP are significantly higher in patients with callus (peak PP: 314 +/- 52 kPa vs 128 +/- 16 kPa, p < 0.005; duration of PP: 621 +/- 27 ms vs 505 +/- 27 ms, p < 0.05). The intervention group C before and after callus removal showed an identical trend. Callus removal has decreased the peak PP by 58% (p < 0.001) and duration of PP has been decreased by 150 milliseconds by step (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has shown the deleterious role of callus and assuming that an average person walks about 10,000 steps a day, a callus may cause 18,600 kg of excess plantar pressure per day. In addition, this study has proven the importance of early and regular removal of hyperkeratotic tissue. Even more aggressive removal could be recommended in patients with neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. (+info)Pseudo-knuckle pads: an unusual cutaneous sign of obsessive-compulsive disorder in an adolescent patient. (8/21)
Knuckle pads are discrete benign cutaneous lesions overlying the extensor surfaces of the fingers and hand joints and are unrelated to trauma, whereas pseudo-knuckle pads may be considered as a form of callosity that appears after repeated trauma. This type of knuckle pad has been described in children with obsessive behavior as "chewing pads" and in adults as occupational disorder. Cases of pachydermodactyly, benign fibromatosis of the fingers, have been described as the unusual forms of knuckle pads that usually affect young adult males. We believe that pseudo-knuckle pads, chewing pads or pachydermodactyly are terms which have been used to decribe the same clinical situation reported in different patients. Here we describe a 12-year-old male patient with pseudo-knuckle pads along the metacarpophalangeal joints developed secondary to repeated trauma reflecting obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by a tic-like habit. He received fluvaksamine 25 mg/day. The lesions started to disappear after three months of therapy. The recognition of pseudo-knuckle pads by dermatologists and pediatricians is very important in adolescent patients because these lesions may be clues for diagnosis of serious psychiatric problems. The collaboration of a dermatologist or pediatrician with a psychiatrist is essential in the follow-up of these patients. (+info)Callosities are areas of thickened and hardened skin that develop as a result of repeated friction, pressure, or irritation. They typically appear on the hands and feet, particularly on the palms and soles, and can vary in size and shape. Callosities are not harmful but can cause discomfort or pain if they become too thick or develop cracks or sores. They are often seen in people who have jobs or hobbies that involve manual labor or frequent use of their hands, such as musicians, athletes, and construction workers.
Foot dermatoses refer to various skin conditions that affect the feet. These can include inflammatory conditions like eczema and psoriasis, infectious diseases such as athlete's foot (tinea pedis), fungal infections, bacterial infections, viral infections (like plantar warts caused by HPV), and autoimmune blistering disorders. Additionally, contact dermatitis from irritants or allergens can also affect the feet. Proper diagnosis is essential to determine the best course of treatment for each specific condition.
In medical terms, "heel" generally refers to the posterior and largest part of the foot, specifically the calcaneus bone. The heel is the first part of the foot to make contact with the ground during walking or running, and it plays a crucial role in supporting the body's weight and absorbing shock during movement.
The term "heel" can also be used to describe a structure or device that is attached to the back of a shoe or boot to provide additional height, support, or protection to the wearer's heel. These types of heels are often worn for fashion purposes or to compensate for differences in leg length.
Callosity
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Gelada
Right whale
Moor macaque
Seashore wildlife
Pygmy right whale
Skin conditions in instrumental musicians
Palmoplantar keratoderma
Baleen whale
North Atlantic right whale
North Pacific right whale
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Callus
Callosity - Wikipedia
Rostrum and callosities of southern right whale, Eubalaena australis, Puerto Piramides, Chubut, Argentina
Prevention of blisters, callosities and ulcers by absorption of shear forces in: Journal of the American Podiatric Medical...
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Corn/callus (singular: callus, callosity, tyloma; plural: callosities, tylomas, tylomata) Clavus (clavi; singular: clavus, corn...
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Whales8
- In whales, the term callosity refers to the rough, calcified skin patches found on the heads of the three species of right whales. (wikipedia.org)
- Young whales and diseased individuals are often infested with a different species of cyamid, which gives the callosities on those whales an orange hue rather than white. (wikipedia.org)
- Male right whales have a higher density of callosities than females. (wikipedia.org)
- Callosity patterns can be used to identify individual whales. (tonywublog.com)
- Scientists recognize North Atlantic right whales based on the unique set of markings, or callosities, that dot their heads. (nationalgeographic.com)
- Right whales typically have the obvious wart-like callosities on their heads, while the skin of bowhead whales is usually smooth. (alaska.gov)
- Here you can see just how different the callosities of whales can be. (whalewatchsa.com)
- Dion and other experts aboard the ship photographed and documented the whales, using scarring and callosities to identify the whales and distinguish between them, she said. (yahoo.com)
Callus1
- A callosity is another name for callus, a piece of skin that has become thickened as a result of repeated contact and friction. (wikipedia.org)
Whale's head3
- citation needed] Callosities are found on the upper surface of the whale's head: above the eyes, on the jawline and chin, and surrounding the blowholes. (wikipedia.org)
- The whale's callosities are clearly visible, arranged in a characteristic pattern on the whale's head, with each individual's pattern being unique. (tonywublog.com)
- The pattern of whitish markings, or callosities, on a whale's head is key to identifying it-but in an aerial photo, white bits of ocean spray can look remarkably similar to these spots. (nextgov.com)
Eubalaena1
- Callosities are a characteristic feature of the whale genus Eubalaena. (wikipedia.org)
Rostrum3
- There are also callosities (a series of horny growths) behind the blowhole, on the chin, above the eyes, on the lower lip, and on the rostrum (the beak-like upper jaw). (enchantedlearning.com)
- The head and rostrum are covered with callosities, areas of roughened skin to which whale lice attach. (espacotalassa.com)
- The largest callosity usually called the bonnet appears on the top of the rostrum. (earthsendangered.com)
Whale6
- The callosities themselves are grey, but their white appearance is due to large colonies of whale lice, whale barnacles and parasitic worms which reside on them. (wikipedia.org)
- Callosities arise naturally and are present even in late-term whale fetuses, although the work of lice digging into the surface of the skin may make them more jagged and hard over time. (wikipedia.org)
- Callosities form a unique pattern on every right whale and, although callosities which are overgrown break off, the patterns do not change over a lifetime. (wikipedia.org)
- The pattern of callosities on a right whale are unique and serve as a way to identify individuals throughout their lifetime. (oceanlight.com)
- A drawing of Phoenix from the Right Whale Catalog documents her callosity pattern. (si.edu)
- The head has large callosities that are home to a whole colony of whale barnacles, parasitic worms and whale lice. (coolantarctica.com)
Removal1
- There is also a foot care clinic where nurses perform callosity removal, prescribe footwear by the orthotic unit. (thehindu.com)
Treatment1
- Revolutionary in the treatment of cuticles and callosities, the Marlay lotion won an award at the prestigious Lépine innovation Contest in 1990. (cosmebio.org)
Piece1
- National Insurance reader or piece Retaliation callosities. (mecatrocad.eu)
Ischial callosities2
- All Old World monkeys, gibbons, and some chimpanzees have pads on their rears known as ischial callosities. (wikipedia.org)
- The ischial callosities are one of the most distinctive pelvic features which separates Old World monkeys from New World monkeys. (wikipedia.org)
Painful callosities1
- Hard painful callosities on soles-voluptuous tickling in soles which when the part has been scratched a little is almost maddening. (homeopathy360.com)
Plantar3
- Callosities of the plantar skin are commonly seen nowadays due different or modern footwear habits. (homeopathy360.com)
- Vacuum orthoses have been described to aid in lesional clearance for diabetic patients with plantar callosities. (medscape.com)
- Relation between heel position and the distribution of forefoot plantar pressures and skin callosities in rheumatoid arthritis. (google.no)
Right whales5
- In whales, the term callosity refers to the rough, calcified skin patches found on the heads of the three species of right whales. (wikipedia.org)
- Male right whales have a higher density of callosities than females. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, Southern and Northern right whales are identified by the callosity patters in their heads (Picture 1), while humpback whales are mostly identified individually by the shape and the patterns of black and white pigmentation on the underside of their fluke (Picture 2). (oregonstate.edu)
- Southern Right whales are distinguishable by big white callosities (rough patches) on their heads. (planetjune.com)
- Right whales have lighter-colored marks on their heads called callosities , which consist of patches of rough skin that help identify them individually. (ifaw.org)
Blowholes2
- citation needed] Callosities are found on the upper surface of the whale's head: above the eyes, on the jawline and chin, and surrounding the blowholes. (wikipedia.org)
- Behind the callosities, we could see the blowholes, used by the animal to breathe and blow the air from its lungs. (interpatagonia.com)
Splint2
- A disease affecting the splint bones, as a callosity or hard excrescence. (everything2.com)
- It was alleged to be misbranded in that statements in the labeling that it would be efficacious in the treatment of splint, spavin, and bony enlargements or callosities, or for deep-seated lameness including shoulder lameness, sidebone. (nih.gov)
Skin6
- Callosities arise naturally and are present even in late-term whale fetuses, although the work of lice digging into the surface of the skin may make them more jagged and hard over time. (wikipedia.org)
- A callosity is nothing but a greatly thickened and cornified ceases at the periphery and then continued with the normal skin 1 . (homeopathy360.com)
- Callosity presents as a thick skin in the areas of excessive pressure 4 . (homeopathy360.com)
- Tendency to grow callosities - slightest pressure will produce a sore place or callosity, and in working men you will find an unusual tendency to thickening of skin on the soles of the feet. (homeopathy360.com)
- It has distinct roughened areas of skin, known as callosities, on its large head. (marlin.ac.uk)
- The procedure includes the removal of cuticles, the hard skin, callosities (if callosities pedicure is performed), the cutting and shaping of the nails, as well as the application of the special oil for cuticles and the treatment cream with a massage at the end of the session. (mvbeautyart.com)
Nail1
- This may lead to callosity or nail deformity on the tip of the toe. (medscape.com)
Pattern4
- Callosities form a unique pattern on every right whale and, although callosities which are overgrown break off, the patterns do not change over a lifetime. (wikipedia.org)
- The pattern of callosities on a right whale are unique and serve as a way to identify individuals throughout their lifetime. (oceanlight.com)
- The callosity pattern of a southern right whale. (oregonstate.edu)
- These callosities form a unique pattern on each whale, like fingerprints in humans. (projectnoah.org)
Pads1
- The prevalence of knuckle pads (callosities over the knuckles) occurring as a result of occupational exposure among 41 live chicken hangers was reported. (cdc.gov)
White2
- The callosities themselves are grey, but their white appearance is due to large colonies of whale lice, whale barnacles and parasitic worms which reside on them. (wikipedia.org)
- Plastrons of smooth soft-shells are very light or white in color with visible callosities. (tortoise.org)
Head2
- Reduction of heel height may be helpful for patients with metacarpal head callosities. (medscape.com)
- Distinct callosities on its head. (marlin.ac.uk)
Upper1
- Callosities are present above the eye, on the upper jaw, and a line of small callosities is present on each side of the lower jaw leading to a large callosity at the front of the jaw. (marlin.ac.uk)
Pressure1
- Callosity can be defined as a raised patch of hyperkeratosis, increased thickening of epidermis of stratum corneum and granular layer, seen in areas of excessive pressure or repeated trauma 4 . (homeopathy360.com)
Important2
- citation needed] It has also been proposed that the barnacles attached to callosities are important in helping fend off attacks by orcas. (wikipedia.org)
- Although it is a benign condition, it is important to recognize talar callosity to exclude worse conditions and to prevent unnecessary biopsies. (nih.gov)
Patients1
- High-frequency ultrasound was performed in all patients who consulted because of talar callosity. (nih.gov)
Condition1
- Talar callosity is an uncommon condition characterized by asymptomatic hyperkeratotic plaques located on the dorsum of one or both feet. (nih.gov)