Hybridization between two polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species in North-western Spain: discordance between morphological and genetic variation patterns. (1/13)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hybridization is an important evolutionary phenomenon, and therefore a detailed understanding of the dynamics of interspecific gene flow and resulting morphological and genetic patterns is of widespread interest. Here hybridization between the polyploids Cardamine pratensis and C. raphanifolia at four localities is explored. Using different types of data, the aim is to provide simultaneous and direct comparisons between genotype and phenotype variation patterns in the studied hybrid populations. METHODS: Evidence of hybridization has been gathered from morphology, molecular markers (amplified fragment length polymorphism and chloroplast DNA sequences), pollen viability, karyology and nuclear DNA content. KEY RESULTS: All data support extensive gene flow occurring in the hybrid populations. A wide range of morphological and genetic variation is observed, which includes both parental and intermediate types. Unbalanced pollen fertility and several ploidy levels are recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Incongruence reported between genotype and phenotype suggests that parental phenotypes are affected by introgression, and intermediate hybrid phenotypes can be genetically closer to one of the parents. Thus, it is evident that morphology, when used alone, can be misleading for interpreting hybridization, and critical evaluation of other data is needed. (+info)Regulation of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS genes via an upstream-conserved noncoding sequence coordinates leaf development. (2/13)
The indeterminate shoot apical meristem of plants is characterized by the expression of the Class 1 KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX1) genes. KNOX1 genes have been implicated in the acquisition and/or maintenance of meristematic fate. One of the earliest indicators of a switch in fate from indeterminate meristem to determinate leaf primordium is the down-regulation of KNOX1 genes orthologous to SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) in Arabidopsis (hereafter called STM genes) in the initiating primordia. In simple leafed plants, this down-regulation persists during leaf formation. In compound leafed plants, however, KNOX1 gene expression is reestablished later in the developing primordia, creating an indeterminate environment for leaflet formation. Despite this knowledge, most aspects of how STM gene expression is regulated remain largely unknown. Here, we identify two evolutionarily conserved noncoding sequences within the 5' upstream region of STM genes in both simple and compound leafed species across monocots and dicots. We show that one of these elements is involved in the regulation of the persistent repression and/or the reestablishment of STM expression in the developing leaves but is not involved in the initial down-regulation in the initiating primordia. We also show evidence that this regulation is developmentally significant for leaf formation in the pathway involving ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1/2 (AS1/2) gene expression; these genes are known to function in leaf development. Together, these findings reveal a regulatory point of leaf development mediated through a conserved, noncoding sequence in STM genes. (+info)A conserved molecular framework for compound leaf development. (3/13)
(+info)Molecular evolution of phytochromes in Cardamine nipponica (Brassicaceae) suggests the involvement of PHYE in local adaptation. (4/13)
(+info)Application of the isolation with migration model demonstrates the pleistocene origin of geographic differentiation in Cardamine nipponica (Brassicaceae), an endemic Japanese alpine plant. (5/13)
(+info)Cytotype diversity and genome size variation in eastern Asian polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species. (6/13)
(+info)Demographic signatures accompanying the evolution of selfing in Leavenworthia alabamica. (7/13)
(+info)Three new megastigmane glucopyranosides from the Cardamine komarovii. (8/13)
Three new megastigmane glucopyranosides, komaroveside A [(3S,4R,5Z,7E)-3,4-dihydroxy-5,7-megastigmadien-9-one-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (1), komaroveside B [(3S,4S,5S,6R,7E)-5,6-epoxy-3,4-dihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one-3-O-beta-D-glucopyr anoside] (2) and komaroveside C [(3S,4S,5S,6R,7E,9S)-5,6-epoxy-3,4,9-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-3-O-beta-D-glucopyr anoside] (3) were isolated, together with eight known compounds, from Cardamine komarovii. The identification of these compounds and the elucidation of their structures were based on 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral data analysis. The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, HCT15) in vitro using the sulforhodamine B bioassay. (+info)**Cardamine** is a genus (Cardamine spp.) of plants in the Brassicaceae family, also known as cress, which includes various species with some having medicinal properties, such as Cardamine pratensis (L.) Medik., used traditionally for heart conditions due to its potential positive inotropic effect and diuretic properties.**
"Cardamine" is a genus of plants in the family Brassicaceae, also known as the mustard or cabbage family. It includes several species of herbaceous flowering plants that are commonly found in temperate regions around the world. Some common names for plants in this genus include cress, toothwort, and lady's smock. While some species of Cardamine may have medicinal properties, there is no widely recognized medical definition specifically associated with the term "Cardamine."
Brassicaceae5
- Cardamine is a large genus of flowering plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae, known as bittercresses and toothworts. (wikipedia.org)
- Hybridization between two polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species in North-western Spain: discordance between morphological and genetic variation patterns. (lookformedical.com)
- Molecular evolution of phytochromes in Cardamine nipponica (Brassicaceae) suggests the involvement of PHYE in local adaptation. (lookformedical.com)
- Application of the isolation with migration model demonstrates the pleistocene origin of geographic differentiation in Cardamine nipponica (Brassicaceae), an endemic Japanese alpine plant. (lookformedical.com)
- Cytotype diversity and genome size variation in eastern Asian polyploid Cardamine (Brassicaceae) species. (lookformedical.com)
Hirsuta6
- O.E.Schulz - pinnate coralroot Cardamine hirsuta L. - hairy bittercress Cardamine impatiens L. - narrowleaf bittercress Cardamine jamesonii Hook. (wikipedia.org)
- Cardamine hirsuta L. (missouriplants.com)
- Cardamine hirsuta, spring cress, pepperweed, or hairy bittercress, is a very common and supremely useful little wild green. (edinburghforageandeat.com)
- I remember first becoming aware of the diminutive little weed, Cardamine hirsuta, on another gardening blogger's post around this time last year. (thenostalgicgardener.com)
- I realised that Cardamine hirsuta was growing happily in cracks in my patio, and also on my neighbour's side of the front mesh fence, which means that it's now on my side too - weeds don't take much notice of neighbourly barriers, do they? (thenostalgicgardener.com)
- Cardamine hirsuta is high in substances called glucosinolates, which are reputed to have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. (thenostalgicgardener.com)
Concatenata2
- ex S.Watson - small mountain bittercress Cardamine concatenata (Michx. (wikipedia.org)
- Cardamine concatenata cutleaf toothwort Cardamine nuttallii Nuttall's toothwort Cardamine pattersonii Saddle Mountain bittercress Cardamine trifolia trefoil bittercress This plant[clarification needed] is also used as one of the main food sources for the butterfly Pieris oleracea. (wikipedia.org)
Bittercress18
- Select species include: Cardamine amara L. - large bittercress Cardamine angulata Hook. (wikipedia.org)
- seaside bittercress, angled bittercress Cardamine angustata O.E.Schulz - slender toothwort Cardamine bellidifolia L. - alpine bittercress, alpine cress Cardamine bilobata Kirk Cardamine breweri S.Watson - Brewer's bittercress Cardamine bulbifera (L.) Crantz - coralroot Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. (wikipedia.org)
- bulbous bittercress, spring cress Cardamine caldeirarum Guthnick ex Seub. (wikipedia.org)
- Azorean bittercress Cardamine californica (Nutt. (wikipedia.org)
- O.Schwarz - cutleaf toothwort, cut-leaved toothwort Cardamine constancei Detling - Constance's bittercress Cardamine cordifolia A.Gray - heartleaf bittercress, large Mountain bittercress Cardamine corymbosa Hook.f. (wikipedia.org)
- New Zealand bittercress Cardamine debilis DC. (wikipedia.org)
- roadside bittercress Cardamine diphylla (Michx. (wikipedia.org)
- Al-Shehbaz - forkleaf toothwort Cardamine douglassii Britton - limestone bittercress Cardamine enneaphyllos (L.) Crantz - drooping bittercress Cardamine fargesiana Al-Shehbaz Cardamine flagellifera O.E.Schulz - Blue Ridge bittercress Cardamine flexuosa With. (wikipedia.org)
- woodland bittercress, wavy bittercress Cardamine glacialis (G.Forst. (wikipedia.org)
- Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O.E.Schulz - Korean bittercress Cardamine longii Fernald - Long's bittercress Cardamine lyrata Bunge Cardamine macrocarpa Brandegee - largeseed bittercress Cardamine maxima (Nutt. (wikipedia.org)
- Alph.Wood - large toothwort Cardamine micranthera Rollins - small-anthered bittercress, streambank bittercress Cardamine microphylla Adams - small-leaf bittercress Cardamine nuttallii Greene - Nuttall's toothwort Cardamine nymanii Gand. (wikipedia.org)
- Howell - big western bittercress Cardamine oligosperma Nutt. (wikipedia.org)
- Idaho bittercress, little western bittercress Cardamine pachystigma (S.Watson) Rollins - serpentine bittercress Cardamine parviflora L. - sand bittercress, small-flowered bittercress Cardamine pattersonii L.F.Hend. (wikipedia.org)
- Saddle Mountain bittercress Cardamine penduliflora O.E.Schulz - Willamette Valley bittercress Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. (wikipedia.org)
- Pennsylvania bittercress, Quaker bittercress Cardamine pentaphyllos (L.) Crantz Cardamine pratensis L. - cuckoo flower, lady's smock, meadow cress Cardamine purpurascens (O.E.Schulz) Al-Shehbaz & al. (wikipedia.org)
- purple bittercress Cardamine raphanifolia Pourr. (wikipedia.org)
- American bittercress, mountain watercress Cardamine rupicola (O.E.Schulz) C.L.Hitchc. (wikipedia.org)
- cliff bittercress Cardamine trifolia L. - trefoil cress Cardamine uliginosa M.Bieb. (wikipedia.org)
Toothwort1
- Alph.Wood - crinkleroot, twin-leaved toothwort Cardamine dissecta (Leavenw. (wikipedia.org)
Genus3
- citation needed] The genus Cardamine was first formally named in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum. (wikipedia.org)
- The genus name Dentaria is a commonly used synonym for some species of Cardamine. (wikipedia.org)
- Lookalikes - Other small-flowered members of the Cardamine genus, e.g. (missouriplants.com)
Species5
- A confident determination of the small-flowered Cardamine species can be difficult. (missouriplants.com)
- Other Cardamine species will have petals less than 7 mm long. (vplants.org)
- The Cardamine species are known as Milkmaids. (troutsnotes.com)
- formerly Cardamine integrifolia ) but apparently that species has been lumped and no longer exists except as Cardamine californicum . (troutsnotes.com)
- Cardamine pratensis, species information page. (brickfieldspark.org)
Bulbosa3
- Cardamine bulbosa differs by having mainly hairless stems, white flowers, and green sepals. (vplants.org)
- This is strictly a woodland plant and is never found in the open like the preceding one [Cardamine bulbosa], although it may persist for some time in clearings. (vplants.org)
- It grows in a slightly drier habitat and usually has its base covered with leaf mold, and although Cardamine bulbosa sometimes may have its base in leaf mold it is more often found in muddy places and is most abundant in inundated woodland where the fallen leaves have been floated away. (vplants.org)
Subsp2
- Cardamine pratensis subsp. (kew.org)
- Cardamine scutata subsp. (efloraofindia.com)
Lyrata1
- Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant from Japan. (cbaquatics.ca)
Heptaphylla1
- Cardamine gouldii Al-Shehbaz Cardamine gunnii Hewson Cardamine heptaphylla (Vill. (wikipedia.org)
Michx1
- greater cuckooflower Cardamine rotundifolia Michx. (wikipedia.org)
Schulz1
- Cardamine angustata O.E.Schulz var. (unc.edu)
Dissecta2
Oligosperma2
Macrophylla1
- Cardamine macrophylla Willd. (efloraofindia.com)
Raphanifolia1
- Here hybridization between the polyploids Cardamine pratensis and C. raphanifolia at four localities is explored. (lookformedical.com)
Lady's1
- lady's smock Cardamine occidentalis (S.Watson ex B.L.Rob. (wikipedia.org)
Search1
- Home » Organism Search » Cardamine paucijuga Turcz. (wa.gov.au)
Family1
- Cardamine comes from the Greek word kardamon, which refers to plants in the cress family. (vplants.org)
Plants3
- Cardamine L." Plants of the World Online. (wikipedia.org)
- We like to use later emerging plants throughout the patch, which emerge as the cardamine is going dormant. (jlbg.org)
- What later emerging plants would you recommend with Cardamine? (jlbg.org)
Muhl1
- Cardamine multifida (Muhl. (unc.edu)
Pratense1
- Nasturtium pratense majus seu Cardamine latifolia. (henriettes-herb.com)
Kardamon2
- The name Cardamine is derived from the Greek kardaminē, water cress, from kardamon, pepper grass. (wikipedia.org)
- Cardamine is a Greek word (kardamon) which means cress. (tonydegroot.com)
Hook4
- Cardamine subcarnosa (Hook.f. (nzpcn.org.nz)
- Cardamine elegantula Hook. (efloraofindia.com)
- Cardamine griffithii Hook. (efloraofindia.com)
- Cardamine trifoliolata Hook. (efloraofindia.com)
Milkmaids1
- Greene - milkmaids Cardamine clematitis Shuttlew. (wikipedia.org)