The lower part of the SPINAL CORD consisting of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerve roots.
Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.
Neoplasms which arise from peripheral nerve tissue. This includes NEUROFIBROMAS; SCHWANNOMAS; GRANULAR CELL TUMORS; and malignant peripheral NERVE SHEATH NEOPLASMS. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp1750-1)
Mechanical compression of nerves or nerve roots from internal or external causes. These may result in a conduction block to nerve impulses (due to MYELIN SHEATH dysfunction) or axonal loss. The nerve and nerve sheath injuries may be caused by ISCHEMIA; INFLAMMATION; or a direct mechanical effect.
Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.
A surgical procedure that entails removing all (laminectomy) or part (laminotomy) of selected vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and/or SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Vertebral lamina is the thin flattened posterior wall of vertebral arch that forms the vertebral foramen through which pass the spinal cord and nerve roots.
Acute and chronic conditions characterized by external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss, incontinence, and impotence.
Five fused VERTEBRAE forming a triangle-shaped structure at the back of the PELVIS. It articulates superiorly with the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, inferiorly with the COCCYX, and anteriorly with the ILIUM of the PELVIS. The sacrum strengthens and stabilizes the PELVIS.
Paired bundles of NERVE FIBERS entering and leaving the SPINAL CORD at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots are efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and PREGANGLIONIC AUTONOMIC FIBERS.
Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)
X-ray visualization of the spinal cord following injection of contrast medium into the spinal arachnoid space.
A surgical operation for the relief of pressure in a body compartment or on a body part. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.
Narrowing of the spinal canal.
The science of studying projectiles in motion, ballistics, being applied to law. Ballistics on firearm projectiles, such as bullets, include the study of what happens inside the weapon, during the flight of the projectile, and when the projectile strikes the target, such as body tissue.
Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other conditions.
Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.
Diagnosis of disease states by recording the spontaneous electrical activity of tissues or organs or by the response to stimulation of electrically excitable tissue.
'Spinal diseases' is a broad term referring to various medical conditions that affect the structural integrity, function, or health of the spinal column, including degenerative disorders, infections, inflammatory processes, traumatic injuries, neoplasms, and congenital abnormalities.
Region of the back including the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, SACRUM, and nearby structures.
A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)
The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.
A congenital or acquired protrusion of the meninges, unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the skull or vertebral column.
A neural crest tumor usually derived from the chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms.
An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the nucleus pulposus has protruded through surrounding fibrocartilage. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES.
The maturing process of SPERMATOZOA after leaving the testicular SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. Maturation in SPERM MOTILITY and FERTILITY takes place in the EPIDIDYMIS as the sperm migrate from caput epididymis to cauda epididymis.
A disease of elderly men characterized by large osteophytes that bridge vertebrae and ossification of ligaments and tendon insertions.
Restoration of an organ or other structure to its original site.
The paired bands of yellow elastic tissue that connect adjoining laminae of the vertebrae. With the laminae, it forms the posterior wall of the spinal canal and helps hold the body erect.
Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints, developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. A synovial cyst can develop from any joint, but most commonly at the back of the knee, where it is known as POPLITEAL CYST.
A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the CAROTID BODY; GLOMUS JUGULARE; GLOMUS TYMPANICUM; AORTIC BODIES; and the female genital tract. It consists histologically of rounded or ovoid hyperchromatic cells that tend to be grouped in an alveolus-like pattern within a scant to moderate amount of fibrous stroma and a few large thin-walled vascular channels. (From Stedman, 27th ed)
Acute or chronic inflammation of the arachnoid membrane of the meninges most often involving the spinal cord or base of the brain. This term generally refers to a persistent inflammatory process characterized by thickening of the ARACHNOID membrane and dural adhesions. Associated conditions include prior surgery, infections, trauma, SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, and chemical irritation. Clinical features vary with the site of inflammation, but include cranial neuropathies, radiculopathies, and myelopathies. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch48, p25)
A benign tumor of the nervous system that may occur sporadically or in association with VON HIPPEL-LINDAU DISEASE. It accounts for approximately 2% of intracranial tumors, arising most frequently in the cerebellar hemispheres and vermis. Histologically, the tumors are composed of multiple capillary and sinusoidal channels lined with endothelial cells and clusters of lipid-laden pseudoxanthoma cells. Usually solitary, these tumors can be multiple and may also occur in the brain stem, spinal cord, retina, and supratentorial compartment. Cerebellar hemangioblastomas usually present in the third decade with INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION, and ataxia. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2071-2)
Spinal neoplasms are abnormal growths or tumors that develop within the spinal column, which can be benign or malignant, and originate from cells within the spinal structure or spread to the spine from other parts of the body (metastatic).
Subjective cutaneous sensations (e.g., cold, warmth, tingling, pressure, etc.) that are experienced spontaneously in the absence of stimulation.
Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding, including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the volume and composition of URINE.

Cauda equina syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis: a report of six cases. (1/196)

Six patients with ankylosing spondylitis and features of a cauda equina syndrome are described. The myelographic findings are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of the disorder and its natural history. Present experience suggests that the cauda equina syndrome is a more common complication of ankylosing spondylitis than is usually thought.  (+info)

MR imaging of Dejerine-Sottas disease. (2/196)

We report the MR findings in two patients with clinically and histologically proved Dejerine-Sottas disease. One patient had spinal involvement with multiple thickened and clumped nerve roots of the cauda equina; the second had multiple enlarged and enhancing cranial nerves. Although these findings are not specific for Dejerine-Sottas disease, they are suggestive of the diagnosis, which is further corroborated with history and confirmed with sural nerve biopsy and laboratory studies.  (+info)

Lumbar spinal subdural hematoma following craniotomy--case report. (3/196)

A 52-year-old female complained of lumbago and weakness in the lower extremities 6 days after craniotomy for clipping an aneurysm. Neurological examination revealed symptoms consistent with lumbosacral cauda equina compression. The symptoms affecting the lower extremities spontaneously disappeared within 3 days. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging 10 days after the operation demonstrated a lumbar spinal subdural hematoma (SSH). She had no risk factor for bleeding at this site, the symptoms appeared after she began to walk, and MR imaging suggested the SSH was subacute. Therefore, the SSH was probably due to downward movement of blood from the cranial subdural space under the influence of gravity. SSH as a complication of cranial surgery is rare, but should be considered if a patient develops symptoms consistent with a lumbar SSH after craniotomy.  (+info)

Sclerosing spinal pachymeningitis. A complication of intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol for multiple sclerosis. (4/196)

Reported complications of intrathecal steroid therapy include aseptic meningitis, infectious meningitis, and arachnoiditis. We report a case of sclerosing spinal pachymeningitis complicating the attempted intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol for multiple sclerosis. The lesion is characterised by concentric laminar proliferation of neomembranes within the subdural space of the entire spinal cord and cauda equina, resulting from repeated episodes of injury and repair to the spinal dura mater by Depo-Medrol. There is clinical and laboratory evidence that Depo-Medrol produces meningeal irritation and that the vehicle is the necrotising fraction.  (+info)

Intravascular lymphomatosis presenting as an ascending cauda equina: conus medullaris syndrome: remission after biweekly CHOP therapy. (5/196)

A 63 year old man developed dysaesthesia in the legs followed by a subacute ascending flaccid paraparesis with sacral sensory and autonomic involvement. Intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) was favoured by the presence of low grade fever and raised serum C reactive protein, CSF pleocytosis, raised lymphoma markers (serum LDH, soluble IL-2 receptor), and steroid responsiveness. Only muscle, among several organ biopsies, confirmed IVL. A cytogenetic study of the bone marrow showed chromosome 6 monosomy, as previously reported. The monosomy of chromosome 19, which bears the intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, newly found in this case, may be related to the unique tumour embolisation of IVL. The CHOP regimen (six courses in 12 weeks) using granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) led to gradual resolution of myeloradiculopathy and laboratory supported remission lasting for more than 13 months. The biweekly CHOP with G-CSF support may be a choice of chemotherapy in averting rapidly fatal IVL.  (+info)

Nutritional supply to the cauda equina in lumbar adhesive arachnoiditis in rats. (6/196)

Laminectomy-induced cauda equina adhesion has been proved by rat experiments and postoperative serial MRI in humans. A degenerative change of the cauda equina has been proved when cauda equina adhesion has been prolonged. Since it has not been reported how the nutritional supply is changed in such a condition, we evaluated the glucose supply to the adhered cauda equina in rats. Wistar rats were divided into the following three groups: the control group which received no operation, the laminectomy group which underwent L5-L6 laminectomy only, and the koalin group which received 5 mg of kaolin on the dorsal extradural space following L5-L6 laminectomy. Based on 3H-methyl-glucose uptake study, we analyzed (1) glucose transport from the intraneural vessels to the nerve tissue, and (2) glucose transport from the cerebrospinal fluid to the nerve tissue. We evaluated the relation between the severity of cauda equina adhesion and 3H uptake into the cauda equina. Cauda equina adhesion was observed in 2 of 12 rats in the control group, in 3 of 12 rats in the laminectomy group, and in 18 of 20 rats in the kaolin group. In the 3H-methyl-glucose uptake study, at 12 weeks the glucose transport to the cauda equina from the vessels increased by 44%, and that from the cerebrospinal fluid decreased by 64% in the kaolin group compared with the control group. In the condition of complete cauda equina adhesion, the glucose transport to the cauda equina from the vessels increased by 53% and that from the cerebrospinal fluid remarkably decreased by 72% compared with the normal cauda equina. Considering the greater nutritional importance of the cerebrospinal fluid in the cauda equina, it is most likely that the impairment of nutritional supply to adhered cauda equina may lead to eventual neural degeneration.  (+info)

Predictors of outcome in cauda equina syndrome. (7/196)

This retrospective review examined the cause, level of pathology, onset of symptoms, time taken to treatment, and outcome of 19 patients with cauda equina syndrome (CES). The minimum time to follow up was 22 months. Logistical regression analysis was used to determine how these factors influenced the eventual outcome. Out of 19 patients, 14 had satisfactory recovery at 2 years post-decompression; 5 patients were left with some residual dysfunction. The mean time to decompression in the group with a satisfactory outcome was 14 h (range 6-24 h) whilst that of the group with the poor outcome was 30 h (range 20-72 h). There was a clear correlation between delayed decompression and a poor outcome (P = 0.023). Saddle hypoaesthesia was evident in all patients. In addition complete perineal anaesthesia was evident in 7/19 patients, 5 of whom developed a poor outcome. Bladder dysfunction was observed in 19/19 patients, with 12/19 regarded as having significant impairment. Of the five patients identified as having a poor overall outcome, all five presented with a significant sphincter disturbance and 4/5 were left with residual sphincter dysfunction. There was a clear correlation between the presence of complete perineal anaesthesia and significant sphincter dysfunction as both univariate and multivariate predictors of a poor overall outcome. The association between a slower onset of CES and a more favourable outcome did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.052). No correlation could be found between initial motor function loss, bilateral sciatica, level or cause of injury as predictors of a poor outcome (P>0.05). CES can be diagnosed early by judicious physical examination, with particular attention to perineal sensation and a history of urinary dysfunction. The most important factors identified in this series as predictors of a favourable outcome in CES were early diagnosis and early decompression.  (+info)

The appearance on MRI of vertebrae in acute compression of the spinal cord due to metastases. (8/196)

We studied MR images of the spine in a consecutive series of 100 patients with acute compression of the spinal cord due to metastases. All patients had documented neurological deficit and histologically proven carcinoma. MRI was used to localise bony metastatic involvement and soft-tissue impingement of the cord. A systematic method of documenting metastatic involvement is described. A total of 43 patients had compression at multiple levels; 160 vertebral levels were studied. In 120 vertebrae (75%), anterior, lateral and posterior bony elements were involved. Soft-tissue impingement of the spinal cord often involved more than one quadrant of its circumference. In 69 vertebrae (43%) there was concomitant anterior and posterior compression. Isolated involvement of a vertebral body was observed in only six vertebrae (3.8%). We have shown that in most cases of acute compression of the spinal cord due to metastases there is coexisting involvement of both anterior and posterior structures.  (+info)

The Cauda Equina refers to a bundle of nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord within the vertebral column. It originates from the lumbar (L1-L5) and sacral (S1-S5) regions and looks like a horse's tail, hence the name "Cauda Equina" in Latin. These nerves are responsible for providing motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremities, bladder, bowel, and sexual organs. Any damage or compression to this region can lead to serious neurological deficits, such as bowel and bladder incontinence, sexual dysfunction, and lower limb weakness or paralysis.

Polyradiculopathy is a medical term that refers to a condition affecting multiple nerve roots. It's a type of neurological disorder where there is damage or injury to the nerve roots, which are the beginning portions of nerves as they exit the spinal cord. This damage can result in various symptoms such as weakness, numbness, tingling, and pain in the affected areas of the body, depending on the specific nerves involved.

Polyradiculopathy can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, infection, inflammation, compression, or degenerative changes in the spine. Some common causes include spinal cord tumors, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and autoimmune disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Diagnosing polyradiculopathy typically involves a thorough neurological examination, imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans, and sometimes nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) to assess the function of the affected nerves. Treatment for polyradiculopathy depends on the underlying cause but may include medications, physical therapy, surgery, or a combination of these approaches.

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) neoplasms refer to tumors that originate in the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. These tumors can be benign or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumors, such as schwannomas and neurofibromas, grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant tumors, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), can invade nearby tissues and may metastasize (spread) to other organs.

PNS neoplasms can cause various symptoms depending on their location and size. Common symptoms include pain, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the affected area. In some cases, PNS neoplasms may not cause any symptoms until they become quite large. Treatment options for PNS neoplasms depend on several factors, including the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Nerve compression syndromes refer to a group of conditions characterized by the pressure or irritation of a peripheral nerve, causing various symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected area. This compression can occur due to several reasons, including injury, repetitive motion, bone spurs, tumors, or swelling. Common examples of nerve compression syndromes include carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, radial nerve compression, and ulnar nerve entrapment at the wrist or elbow. Treatment options may include physical therapy, splinting, medications, injections, or surgery, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition.

Spinal cord neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors within the spinal cord. These can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They originate from the cells within the spinal cord itself (primary tumors), or they may spread to the spinal cord from other parts of the body (metastatic tumors). Spinal cord neoplasms can cause various symptoms depending on their location and size, including back pain, neurological deficits, and even paralysis. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

A laminectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the lamina, which is the back part of the vertebra that covers the spinal canal. This procedure is often performed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves caused by conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or tumors. By removing the lamina, the surgeon can access the affected area and alleviate the compression on the spinal cord or nerves, thereby reducing pain, numbness, or weakness in the back, legs, or arms.

Laminectomy may be performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with other surgical techniques such as discectomy, foraminotomy, or spinal fusion. The specific approach and extent of the surgery will depend on the patient's individual condition and symptoms.

Spinal cord compression is a medical condition that refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal, which puts pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that branch out from it. This can occur due to various reasons such as degenerative changes in the spine, herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or fractures. The compression can lead to a range of symptoms including pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or loss of bladder and bowel control. In severe cases, it can cause paralysis. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, medication, surgery, or radiation therapy.

The sacrum is a triangular-shaped bone in the lower portion of the human vertebral column, located between the lumbar spine and the coccyx (tailbone). It forms through the fusion of several vertebrae during fetal development. The sacrum's base articulates with the fifth lumbar vertebra, while its apex connects with the coccyx.

The sacrum plays an essential role in supporting the spine and transmitting weight from the upper body to the pelvis and lower limbs. It also serves as an attachment site for various muscles and ligaments. The sacral region is often a focus in medical and chiropractic treatments due to its importance in spinal stability, posture, and overall health.

Spinal nerve roots are the initial parts of spinal nerves that emerge from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramen, which are small openings between each vertebra in the spine. These nerve roots carry motor, sensory, and autonomic fibers to and from specific regions of the body. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerve roots in total, with 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal pair. Each root has a dorsal (posterior) and ventral (anterior) ramus that branch off to form the peripheral nervous system. Irritation or compression of these nerve roots can result in pain, numbness, weakness, or loss of reflexes in the affected area.

Ependymoma is a type of brain or spinal cord tumor that develops from the ependymal cells that line the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces) in the brain, or the central canal of the spinal cord. These tumors can be benign or malignant, and they can cause various symptoms depending on their location and size.

Ependymomas are relatively rare, accounting for about 2-3% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors. They most commonly occur in children and young adults, but they can also affect older individuals. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy, depending on the grade and location of the tumor. The prognosis for ependymomas varies widely, with some patients experiencing long-term survival and others having more aggressive tumors that are difficult to treat.

Myelography is a medical imaging technique used to examine the spinal cord and surrounding structures, such as the spinal nerves, intervertebral discs, and the spinal column. This procedure involves the injection of a contrast dye into the subarachnoid space, which is the area surrounding the spinal cord filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The dye outlines the spinal structures, making them visible on X-ray or CT scan images.

The primary purpose of myelography is to diagnose various spinal conditions, including herniated discs, spinal stenosis, tumors, infection, and traumatic injuries. It can help identify any compression or irritation of the spinal cord or nerves that may be causing pain, numbness, weakness, or other neurological symptoms.

The procedure typically requires the patient to lie flat on their stomach or side while the radiologist inserts a thin needle into the subarachnoid space, usually at the lower lumbar level. Once the contrast dye is injected, the patient will be repositioned for various X-ray views or undergo a CT scan to capture detailed images of the spine. After the procedure, patients may experience headaches, nausea, or discomfort at the injection site, but these symptoms usually resolve within a few days.

Surgical decompression is a medical procedure that involves relieving pressure on a nerve or tissue by creating additional space. This is typically accomplished through the removal of a portion of bone or other tissue that is causing the compression. The goal of surgical decompression is to alleviate symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness caused by the compression.

In the context of spinal disorders, surgical decompression is often used to treat conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or bone spurs that are compressing nerves in the spine. The specific procedure used may vary depending on the location and severity of the compression, but common techniques include laminectomy, discectomy, and foraminotomy.

It's important to note that surgical decompression is a significant medical intervention that carries risks such as infection, bleeding, and injury to surrounding tissues. As with any surgery, it should be considered as a last resort after other conservative treatments have been tried and found to be ineffective. A thorough evaluation by a qualified medical professional is necessary to determine whether surgical decompression is appropriate in a given case.

The lumbar vertebrae are the five largest and strongest vertebrae in the human spine, located in the lower back region. They are responsible for bearing most of the body's weight and providing stability during movement. The lumbar vertebrae have a characteristic shape, with a large body in the front, which serves as the main weight-bearing structure, and a bony ring in the back, formed by the pedicles, laminae, and processes. This ring encloses and protects the spinal cord and nerves. The lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5, starting from the uppermost one. They allow for flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation movements of the trunk.

Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal or the neural foramina (the openings through which nerves exit the spinal column), typically in the lower back (lumbar) or neck (cervical) regions. This can put pressure on the spinal cord and/or nerve roots, causing pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected areas, often in the legs, arms, or hands. It's most commonly caused by age-related wear and tear, but can also be due to degenerative changes, herniated discs, tumors, or spinal injuries.

Forensic ballistics is the scientific examination and analysis of firearms, ammunition, and crime scene bullet evidence to aid in criminal investigations. It involves the application of physics and engineering principles to study the characteristics of firearms, bullets, and the impacts they make. The primary goal is to link a specific firearm to a particular shooting incident or to determine the sequence of events in a shooting. This information can be crucial in helping to establish the facts of a case and can assist law enforcement in identifying suspects and bringing them to justice.

Paraparesis is a medical term that refers to a mild to moderate form of paralysis affecting the lower limbs, specifically the legs. It is characterized by partial loss of strength and mobility, which may result in difficulty walking or maintaining balance. Paraparesis can be caused by various conditions such as spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, or other neurological disorders affecting the spinal cord.

The term "para" means "two," and "paresis" comes from the Greek word "paresis," which means "loosening" or "relaxation." Therefore, paraparesis implies weakness or partial paralysis in two lower extremities. It is important to note that while paraparesis can impact a person's ability to walk and perform daily activities, it does not necessarily lead to complete loss of movement or sensation in the affected limbs.

Proper diagnosis and management of the underlying cause are crucial for improving symptoms and preventing further progression of paraparesis. Treatment options may include physical therapy, medications, assistive devices, or surgical interventions depending on the specific condition causing the paraparesis.

Radiculopathy is a medical term that refers to the condition where there is damage or disturbance in the nerve roots as they exit the spinal column. These nerve roots, also known as radicles, can become damaged due to various reasons such as compression, inflammation, or injury, leading to a range of symptoms.

Radiculopathy may occur in any part of the spine, but it is most commonly found in the cervical (neck) and lumbar (lower back) regions. When the nerve roots in the cervical region are affected, it can result in symptoms such as neck pain, shoulder pain, arm pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms or fingers. On the other hand, when the nerve roots in the lumbar region are affected, it can cause lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs or feet.

The symptoms of radiculopathy can vary depending on the severity and location of the damage to the nerve roots. In some cases, the condition may resolve on its own with rest and conservative treatment. However, in more severe cases, medical intervention such as physical therapy, medication, or surgery may be necessary to alleviate the symptoms and prevent further damage.

Electrodiagnosis, also known as electromyography (EMG), is a medical diagnostic procedure that evaluates the health and function of muscles and nerves. It measures the electrical activity of skeletal muscles at rest and during contraction, as well as the conduction of electrical signals along nerves.

The test involves inserting a thin needle electrode into the muscle to record its electrical activity. The physician will ask the patient to contract and relax the muscle while the electrical activity is recorded. The resulting data can help diagnose various neuromuscular disorders, such as nerve damage or muscle diseases, by identifying abnormalities in the electrical signals.

Electrodiagnosis can be used to diagnose conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, muscular dystrophy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others. It is a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of neuromuscular disorders, helping physicians to develop appropriate treatment plans for their patients.

Spinal diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the spinal column, which is made up of vertebrae (bones), intervertebral discs, facet joints, nerves, ligaments, and muscles. These diseases can cause pain, discomfort, stiffness, numbness, weakness, or even paralysis, depending on the severity and location of the condition. Here are some examples of spinal diseases:

1. Degenerative disc disease: This is a condition where the intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and height, leading to stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility.
2. Herniated disc: This occurs when the inner material of the intervertebral disc bulges or herniates out through a tear in the outer layer, causing pressure on the spinal nerves and resulting in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area.
3. Spinal stenosis: This is a narrowing of the spinal canal or the neural foramen (the openings where the spinal nerves exit the spinal column), which can cause pressure on the spinal cord or nerves and result in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness.
4. Scoliosis: This is a curvature of the spine that can occur in children or adults, leading to an abnormal posture, back pain, and decreased lung function.
5. Osteoarthritis: This is a degenerative joint disease that affects the facet joints in the spine, causing pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.
6. Ankylosing spondylitis: This is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and fusion of the vertebrae.
7. Spinal tumors: These are abnormal growths that can occur in the spinal column, which can be benign or malignant, causing pain, neurological symptoms, or even paralysis.
8. Infections: Bacterial or viral infections can affect the spine, leading to pain, fever, and other systemic symptoms.
9. Trauma: Fractures, dislocations, or sprains of the spine can occur due to accidents, falls, or sports injuries, causing pain, neurological deficits, or even paralysis.

The lumbosacral region is the lower part of the back where the lumbar spine (five vertebrae in the lower back) connects with the sacrum (a triangular bone at the base of the spine). This region is subject to various conditions such as sprains, strains, herniated discs, and degenerative disorders that can cause pain and discomfort. It's also a common site for surgical intervention when non-surgical treatments fail to provide relief.

A neurilemmoma, also known as schwannoma or peripheral nerve sheath tumor, is a benign, slow-growing tumor that arises from the Schwann cells, which produce the myelin sheath that surrounds and insulates peripheral nerves. These tumors can occur anywhere along the course of a peripheral nerve, but they most commonly affect the acoustic nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve), leading to a type of tumor called vestibular schwannoma or acoustic neuroma. Neurilemmomas are typically encapsulated and do not invade the surrounding tissue, although larger ones may cause pressure-related symptoms due to compression of nearby structures. Rarely, these tumors can undergo malignant transformation, leading to a condition called malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor or neurofibrosarcoma.

Dura Mater is the thickest and outermost of the three membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. It provides protection and support to these delicate structures. The other two layers are called the Arachnoid Mater and the Pia Mater, which are thinner and more delicate than the Dura Mater. Together, these three layers form a protective barrier around the central nervous system.

A meningocele is a type of neural tube defect that results in the herniation of the meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) through a defect in the vertebral column. The meninges protrude as a sac-like structure, which may be covered by skin or a thin layer of tissue. Meningoceles usually do not contain neural tissue, but cerebrospinal fluid is present within the sac. They are typically asymptomatic unless there is compression of surrounding structures or infection. Treatment generally involves surgical repair to prevent potential complications such as meningitis or neurological damage.

Paraganglioma is a rare type of tumor that develops in the nervous system, specifically in the paraganglia. Paraganglia are clusters of specialized nerve cells throughout the body that release hormones in response to stress or physical activity. Most paragangliomas are benign (noncancerous), but some can be malignant (cancerous) and may spread to other parts of the body.

Paragangliomas can occur in various locations, including the head and neck region (called "head and neck paragangliomas") or near the spine, abdomen, or chest (called "extra-adrenal paragangliomas"). When they develop in the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney, they are called pheochromocytomas.

Paragangliomas can produce and release hormones such as epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine, leading to symptoms like high blood pressure, rapid heart rate, sweating, anxiety, and headaches. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with medications to manage symptoms and control hormone levels before and after surgery.

Gunshot wounds are defined as traumatic injuries caused by the penetration of bullets or other projectiles fired from firearms into the body. The severity and extent of damage depend on various factors such as the type of firearm used, the distance between the muzzle and the victim, the size and shape of the bullet, and its velocity.

Gunshot wounds can be classified into two main categories:

1. Penetrating gunshot wounds: These occur when a bullet enters the body but does not exit, causing damage to the organs, tissues, and blood vessels along its path.

2. Perforating gunshot wounds: These happen when a bullet enters and exits the body, creating an entry and exit wound, causing damage to the structures it traverses.

Based on the mechanism of injury, gunshot wounds can also be categorized into low-velocity (less than 1000 feet per second) and high-velocity (greater than 1000 feet per second) injuries. High-velocity gunshot wounds are more likely to cause extensive tissue damage due to the transfer of kinetic energy from the bullet to the surrounding tissues.

Immediate medical attention is required for individuals with gunshot wounds, as they may experience significant blood loss, infection, and potential long-term complications such as organ dysfunction or disability. Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to control bleeding, remove foreign material, repair damaged structures, and manage infections if present.

Intervertebral disc displacement, also known as a slipped disc or herniated disc, is a medical condition where the inner, softer material (nucleus pulposus) of the intervertebral disc bulges or ruptures through its outer, tougher ring (annulus fibrosus). This can put pressure on nearby nerves and cause pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area, often in the lower back or neck. The displacement may also lead to inflammation and irritation of the surrounding spinal structures, further exacerbating the symptoms. The condition is typically caused by age-related wear and tear (degenerative disc disease) or sudden trauma.

Medical Definition:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed cross-sectional or three-dimensional images of the internal structures of the body. The patient lies within a large, cylindrical magnet, and the scanner detects changes in the direction of the magnetic field caused by protons in the body. These changes are then converted into detailed images that help medical professionals to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions, such as tumors, injuries, or diseases affecting the brain, spinal cord, heart, blood vessels, joints, and other internal organs. MRI does not use radiation like computed tomography (CT) scans.

Neurogenic bladder is a term used to describe bladder dysfunction due to neurological damage or disease. The condition can result in problems with bladder storage and emptying, leading to symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, hesitancy, incontinence, and retention.

Neurogenic bladder can occur due to various medical conditions, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, diabetic neuropathy, and stroke. The damage to the nerves that control bladder function can result in overactivity or underactivity of the bladder muscle, leading to urinary symptoms.

Management of neurogenic bladder typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medications, bladder training, catheterization, and surgery in some cases. The specific treatment plan depends on the underlying cause of the condition and the severity of the symptoms.

Sperm maturation is the process by which spermatids, immature sperm cells produced in meiosis, transform into fully developed spermatozoa capable of fertilization. This complex process occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and includes several stages:

1. **Golfi formation:** The first step involves the spermatids reorganizing their cytoplasm and forming a cap-like structure called the acrosome, which contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the egg's outer layers during fertilization.
2. **Flagellum development:** The spermatid also develops a tail (flagellum), enabling it to move independently. This is achieved through the assembly of microtubules and other associated proteins.
3. **Nuclear condensation and elongation:** The sperm's DNA undergoes significant compaction, making the nucleus smaller and more compact. Concurrently, the nucleus elongates and aligns with the flagellum.
4. **Mitochondrial positioning:** Mitochondria, which provide energy for sperm motility, migrate to the midpiece of the sperm, close to the base of the flagellum.
5. **Chromatin packaging:** Histones, proteins that help package DNA in non-sperm cells, are replaced by transition proteins and then protamines, which further compact and protect the sperm's DNA.
6. **Sperm release (spermiation):** The mature sperm is finally released from the supporting Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule, where it mixes with fluid secreted by the testicular tissue to form seminal plasma.

This entire process takes approximately 64 days in humans.

Diffuse Idiopathic Hyperostosis (DIH), also known as Forestier's Disease, is a non-inflammatory skeletal disorder characterized by the abnormal thickening and hardening (hyperostosis) of the bony portions of the spine and/or other parts of the skeleton. In DIH, there is an excessive formation of new bone along the edges of these bones, particularly at the sites where ligaments attach to the bones.

The term "idiopathic" indicates that the cause of this condition is currently unknown, while "diffuse" refers to its widespread involvement of multiple skeletal areas. The exact pathogenesis of DIH remains unclear; however, it has been suggested that there might be a connection with abnormal bone metabolism and/or localized inflammation.

DIH primarily affects middle-aged and older adults, with men being more commonly affected than women. Common symptoms include stiffness, pain, and limited mobility in the spine and joints. In some cases, DIH may also lead to complications such as spinal stenosis or nerve compression due to the excessive bone growth.

It is important to note that while hyperostosis can be a feature of various medical conditions, the term "Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis" specifically refers to this distinct clinical entity characterized by the widespread involvement of the skeleton and the absence of inflammation or other underlying causes.

Replantation is a surgical procedure in which a body part that has been completely detached or amputated is reattached to the body. This procedure involves careful reattachment of bones, muscles, tendons, nerves, and blood vessels to restore function and sensation to the greatest extent possible. The success of replantation depends on various factors such as the level of injury, the condition of the amputated part, and the patient's overall health.

The ligamentum flavum is a pair of elastic bands of tissue located in the spine. They connect the laminae, which are parts of the vertebral arch, from one vertebra to the next in the spine. These ligaments help maintain the stability and alignment of the vertebral column, allowing for a limited range of movement while preventing excessive motion that could cause injury. The elasticity of the ligamentum flavum also facilitates the return of the spinal column to its normal position after flexion.

These ligaments are named "flavum" because they have a yellowish color due to their high elastin content. They play an essential role in protecting the spinal cord and nerve roots from damage during movements of the spine. Any degeneration, thickening, or calcification of the ligamentum flavum may lead to conditions such as spinal stenosis, which can cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the back, legs, or arms.

A Synovial Cyst is a type of benign cyst that typically develops in the synovium, which is the membrane that lines and lubricates joint capsules. These cysts are filled with synovial fluid, which is the same lubricating fluid found inside joints. They usually form as a result of degenerative changes, trauma, or underlying joint diseases such as osteoarthritis.

Synovial cysts commonly occur in the spine (particularly in the facet joints), but they can also develop in other areas of the body, including the knees, hips, and hands. While synovial cysts are generally not harmful, they may cause discomfort or pain if they press on nearby nerves or restrict movement in the affected joint. Treatment options for synovial cysts range from conservative measures like physical therapy and pain management to surgical intervention in severe cases.

Paraganglioma, extra-adrenal, is a type of rare tumor that develops in the nervous system's paraganglia, which are groups of specialized cells that are responsible for regulating blood pressure and other bodily functions. Unlike adrenal paragangliomas, which form in the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys, extra-adrenal paragangliomas develop outside of the adrenal glands, in various locations along the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. These tumors can be functional or nonfunctional, meaning they may or may not produce hormones such as catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Functional extra-adrenal paragangliomas can cause symptoms related to excessive hormone production, including hypertension, sweating, headaches, and rapid heartbeat. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with preoperative preparation to manage potential hormonal imbalances.

Arachnoiditis is a medical condition that affects the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). The arachnoid becomes inflamed, often as a result of infection, direct injury, or complications from spinal surgery or chronic exposure to irritants such as steroids or contrast dyes.

The inflammation can cause the formation of scar tissue, which can lead to a variety of symptoms including:

1. Chronic pain in the back, legs, or arms
2. Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs
3. Muscle cramps and spasms
4. Bladder and bowel dysfunction
5. Sexual dysfunction

In severe cases, arachnoiditis can cause permanent nerve damage and disability. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, as there is no cure for the condition.

Hemangioblastoma is a rare, benign (non-cancerous) tumor that develops from the blood vessels in the central nervous system, most commonly found in the brain and spinal cord. These tumors can be associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease, an inherited disorder that predisposes affected individuals to develop various types of tumors and cysts throughout their bodies. Hemangioblastomas are typically slow-growing but can cause symptoms due to pressure on surrounding tissues or by causing the formation of cysts or fluid-filled sacs near the tumor. Symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, balance problems, weakness, numbness, or vision changes depending on the location and size of the tumor. Treatment options usually involve surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, or observation with regular imaging follow-ups.

Spinal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors found within the spinal column, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These tumors can originate in the spine itself, called primary spinal neoplasms, or they can spread to the spine from other parts of the body, known as secondary or metastatic spinal neoplasms. Spinal neoplasms can cause various symptoms, such as back pain, neurological deficits, and even paralysis, depending on their location and size. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent or minimize long-term complications and improve the patient's prognosis.

Paresthesia is a medical term that describes an abnormal sensation such as tingling, numbness, prickling, or burning, usually in the hands, feet, arms, or legs. These sensations can occur without any obvious cause, often described as "pins and needles" or falling asleep in a limb. However, persistent paresthesia can be a sign of an underlying medical condition, such as nerve damage, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, or a vitamin deficiency. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional if experiencing persistent paresthesia to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

Urination disorders, also known as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), refer to a range of clinical conditions that affect the bladder and urethra, resulting in abnormalities in the storage, transportation, and evacuation of urine. These disorders can be categorized into voiding symptoms, such as hesitancy, straining, slow stream, intermittency, and terminal dribble; and storage symptoms, including frequency, urgency, nocturia, and urge incontinence.

The causes of urination disorders are diverse, encompassing congenital abnormalities, neurological conditions, infections, inflammation, medications, and age-related changes. Common underlying pathologies include bladder overactivity, detrusor muscle instability, underactive bladder, and obstruction of the urethra.

Urination disorders can significantly impact an individual's quality of life, causing physical discomfort, sleep disturbances, emotional distress, and social isolation. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management require a comprehensive assessment of the patient's medical history, physical examination, urinalysis, and urodynamic studies. Treatment options may include behavioral modifications, pelvic floor exercises, bladder training, medications, neuromodulation, and surgical interventions.

... syndrome, a rare disorder affecting the bundle of nerve roots (cauda equina) at the lower (lumbar) end of the ... The cauda equina was named after its resemblance to a horse's tail (Latin: cauda equina) by the French anatomist Andreas ... "Cauda Equina Syndrome - The Spine Hospital at The Neurological Institute of New York". 29 April 2021. "Cauda Equina Syndrome". ... "Cauda Equina Syndrome-OrthoInfo - AAOS". orthoinfo.aaos.org. "Cauda Equina Syndrome - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and ...
"Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes". Cauda Equina Syndrome. WebMD. Retrieved 25 April 2009. Brian (2021-10-12). "What Is Cauda Equina ... Cauda equina syndrome can occur during pregnancy due to lumbar disc herniation. The risk of cauda equina syndrome during ... When cauda equina syndrome is caused by a herniated disk early surgical decompression is recommended. Sudden onset cauda equina ... "Cauda Equina". Cauda equina - Bladder and Bowel Community. Bladder and Bowel Support Company Limited. Archived from the ...
W., John (2011-03-18). "Incontience". Cauda Equina Syndrome Resource Center. Archived from the original on 2014-10-11. ...
Asymmetric saddle anesthesia is frequently associated with the spine-related injury cauda equina syndrome. It is also seen ... "Cauda Equina Syndrome". Retrieved 2014-07-23. Gerald L Burke, MD. "Backache from Occiput to Coccyx". Retrieved 2014-07-23. v t ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. This class would have been part of Class A or Class B. From 1969 to 1973, a ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. From 1969 to 1973, a classification system designed by Australian Dr. Bedwell was used ...
Compression of the cauda equina can cause permanent nerve damage or paralysis which can result in loss of bowel and bladder ... This disorder is called cauda equina syndrome. Other complications include chronic pain. When the spine is straight, such as in ... but if a herniation is very large and presses on the nerves on both sides within the spinal column or the cauda equina, both ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. This class would have been part of Class A, Class B, Class C or Class D. From 1969 to ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. For people with spinal cord injuries, this class would have been part of Class A, Class ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. This class would have been part of Class C or Class D. From 1969 to 1973, a ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. Source: Paralympic.org Basketball at the 1968 Summer Olympics Thiboutot, Armand; Craven ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. This class would have been part of Class C or Class D. From 1969 to 1973, a ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. During the 1970s, a debate began to take place in the physical disability sport ...
Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis. This class would have been part of Class A or Class B. From 1969 to 1973, a ...
... cauda equina with functioning thigh muscles. Swimming events took place in the Beatty Park Pool that was built for the main ... cauda equina with functioning thigh muscles) . Club throw involved throwing a wooden object in the form of a club. ... cauda equina with functioning thigh muscles. Precision javelin involved throwing a javelin on a target on the ground. ... cauda equina with functioning thigh muscles. Classification: Class A - paralysed above segment T10 - complete paralysis; Class ...
After the spinal cord tapers out, the spinal nerves continue to branch out diagonally, forming the cauda equina. The pia mater ... The latter contribute more to the vascular supply of the cauda equina. Conus medullaris syndrome is a collection of signs and ... Comparatively, cauda equina syndrome may cause radicular pain, bowel/bladder dysfunction, patchy sensory loss or saddle ... Isolated infarcts of the conus medullaris are rare, but should be considered in patients with acute cauda equina syndrome, ...
She suffered a complication, called cauda equina syndrome. The judge found that there was a causal connection between the ...
Tarlov, I.M. (1953). Sacral nerve-root cysts; another cause of the sciatic or cauda equina syndrome. Springfield, Ill.: C.C. ...
"Tokyo 1964 - swimming - womens-50-m-breaststroke-cauda-equina". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2023-06-19. " ...
This is often caused by polio or cauda-equina syndrome. Swimmers in this class lack full propulsion in their kicks because of a ...
This is often caused by polio or cauda-equina syndrome. Swimmers in this class lack full propulsion in their kicks because of a ...
This is often caused by polio or cauda-equina syndrome. Swimmers in this class lack full propulsion in their kicks because of a ...
The lateral sacral arteries supplies oxygenated blood to the cauda equina. Median sacral artery Iliopelvic glands (lateral view ...
Cauda equina syndrome is a rare syndrome that effects the spinal nerves in the region of the lower back called the cauda equine ... Curley, A.E.; Kelleher, C.; Shortt, C.P.; Kiely, P.J. (2016-01-01). "Cauda Equina Syndrome: A case study and review of the ... osteoporosis and cauda equina syndrome. There are many recognized spinal diseases, some more common than others. Spinal disease ... Latin for "horses tail"). Injury to the cauda equine can have long lasting ramifications for the individual. Symptoms include ...
"Results Archive - Tokyo 1964 - Swimming - Womens 50 M Freestyle Prone Cauda Equina". Paralympic.org. International Paralympic ... "Results Tokyo 1964 Paralympic Games Swimming Women's 50 m Freestyle Prone cauda equina". International Paralympic Committee. ...
Cauda equina syndrome may also be caused by central disc prolapse or slipped disc, infections such as epidural abscess, spinal ... Cauda equina syndrome (CES) results from a lesion below the level at which the spinal cord ends. Descending nerve roots ... Lafuente DJ, Andrew J, Joy A (June 1985). "Sacral sparing with cauda equina compression from central lumbar intervertebral disc ... continue as the cauda equina at levels L2-S5 below the conus medullaris before exiting through intervertebral foraminae. Thus ...
Very rare complications involve neurologic conditions such as the cauda equina syndrome. Mortality is increased in people with ...
"Results Archive - Tokyo 1964 - Swimming - Womens 50 M Freestyle Prone Cauda Equina". International Paralympic Committee. ...
Liu, CC; Lin, YC; Lo, CP; Chang, TP (June 2011). "Cauda equina syndrome and dural ectasia: rare manifestations in chronic ...
"Posterior limbus vertebral lesions causing lumbosacral radiculopathy and the cauda equina syndrome". Spinal Cord. Springer ...
Cauda equina syndrome, a rare disorder affecting the bundle of nerve roots (cauda equina) at the lower (lumbar) end of the ... The cauda equina was named after its resemblance to a horses tail (Latin: cauda equina) by the French anatomist Andreas ... "Cauda Equina Syndrome - The Spine Hospital at The Neurological Institute of New York". 29 April 2021. "Cauda Equina Syndrome". ... "Cauda Equina Syndrome-OrthoInfo - AAOS". orthoinfo.aaos.org. "Cauda Equina Syndrome - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and ...
... ! The Latin words for "horses tail.". Cauda equina! The spinal road becomes a trail!. Cauda equina! Tail is " ... The melody helps students pronounce "cauda equina," especially helping them stress the second syllable of "equina." ... "Caudal" means "toward the tail"; the "cauda equina" is the "horses tail" of nerve fibers immediately inferior to the spinal ...
Learn about cauda equina syndrome, a condition in which the nerves at the end of the spinal cord are compressed. Learn about ... Low back pain is a symptom of cauda equina syndrome.. *Cauda equina syndrome is a complication from the compression of the ... The terminology cauda equina literally means the tail of the horse and refers to the normal anatomy of the end of the spinal ... Top Cauda Equina Syndrome Related Articles. *. Back Pain Quiz. There are numerous causes of chronic lower back pain and only ...
encoded search term (Cauda Equina and Conus Medullaris Syndromes) and Cauda Equina and Conus Medullaris Syndromes What to Read ... Traumatic cauda equina syndrome is not age specific. Atraumatic cauda equina syndrome occurs primarily in adults as a result of ... See the image of cauda equina anatomy below.). Illustration demonstrating the relevant anatomy of the cauda equina region. View ... Cauda equina syndrome after spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric 5% lignocaine: a review of six cases of cauda equina syndrome ...
... and genitals.Cauda equina syndrome is a serious condition in which this bundle of nerve roots is squeezed. ... Top of the pageCauda equina syndromeThe cauda equina is the bundle of nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord that controls ... Cauda equina syndrome. The cauda equina is the bundle of nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord that controls the feeling in ... Cauda equina syndrome is a serious condition in which this bundle of nerve roots is squeezed. Cauda equina syndrome may be ...
Developing cauda equina syndrome due to medical negligence can have devastating consequences. We tell you how you can begin a ... What is cauda equina?. Cauda equina syndrome is a serious spinal condition where the nerves at the bottom of the spine are ... Conditions caused by cauda equina. If cauda equina goes untreated, then it could cause many serious, life-altering conditions. ... Cauda Equina Claims. Developing cauda equina syndrome due to medical negligence can have devastating consequences. We tell you ...
Cauda equina neurinoma associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus--case report. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, ... Neurinoma of the cauda equina associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus].. *[Cauda equina neurinoma associated with ... Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage due to neurinoma of the cauda equina].. *Papilledema and tumours of the cauda equina: a case ... Cauda EquinaHumansHydrocephalusHydrocephalus, Normal PressureMaleMiddle AgedNeurilemmomaPeripheral Nervous System Neoplasms ...
Categories: Cauda Equina, Updates on Cory, Videos of Cory Tags: Cauda Equina, dermagic ... Categories: Cauda Equina, Pictures of Cory, Updates on Cory Tags: Cauda Equina ... Categories: Cauda Equina, Updates on Cory, Videos of Cory Tags: Cauda Equina ... This is the Archive for the Cauda Equina Category. It contains all blog posts related to Cauda Equina. ...
A case of ependymoma of the cauda equina, presumably originating from the filum terminale in a girl aged 17 at the onset of ...
... The Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS) published by the National Institute ... In an attempt to reduce the number of patients left with permanent damage as a result of Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES), NICE have ...
Olive Lewin successfully settles further cauda equina case ... What is cauda equina syndrome?. Cauda equina syndrome (CES) ... 1.1m for client left with cauda equina syndrome. £1.1m for client left with cauda equina syndrome. Olive Lewin successfully ... Cauda equina syndrome is considered a surgical emergency because if left untreated it can lead to permanent loss of bowel and ... Despite an attempt to rectify the position, our client has been left with cauda equina syndrome, is in chronic pain, and unable ...
... and impinging on the conus/origin of the cauda equina.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSmall superior posterior L3 vertebral body ... and impinging on the conus/origin of the cauda equina.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSmall superior posterior L3 vertebral body ... "burst-fracture-with-cauda-equina-syndrome","modality":"CT","series":[{"id":5039511,"content_type":"image/jpeg","frames":[{"id": ... "burst-fracture-with-cauda-equina-syndrome","modality":"MRI","series":[{"id":4995159,"content_type":"image/jpeg","frames":[{"id ...
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The aim of this study was to find the best diagnostic imaging workup of the Cauda equina compression syndrome (CECS) in dogs ... With MRT a good evaluation of the nerve roots of the Cauda equina and the surrounding fat is possible. Additional to these ... Evaluation of Diagnostic Imaging Methods to Diagnose and Prognose the Cauda Equina Compression Syndrome ...
Robert Macfarlane highlights the need for early diagnosis and treatment to avoid irreversible nerve damage in cauda equina ... Cauda equina syndrome. Consultant neurosurgeon Robert Macfarlane highlights the need for early diagnosis and treatment to avoid ... Cauda equina syndrome: the timing of surgery probably does influence outcome. British Journal of Neurosurgery 2005; 19:301-6 ... Cauda equina syndrome secondary to lumbar disc herniation. A metaanalysis of surgical outcomes. Spine 2000; 25:1515-22 ...
Recent Methods of Management of Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina Injuries. Comparative Study of World War II and Korean Experiences ... Recent Methods of Management of Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina Injuries. Comparative Study of World War II and Korean Experiences ...
... were proud partners of Cauda Equina Champions Charity. The patient-led organisation aims to raise awareness of cauda equina ... "Slater and Gordon is proud to support Cauda Equina Champions in their tireless work to improve care for cauda equina patients. ... Delayed diagnosis of Cauda Equina Syndrome Our client shares her story of how she suffered a three-year history of back pain ... Our client, Sarah, suffered from a painful three years of back pain before she was eventually diagnosed with Cauda Equina ...
Cauda equina syndrome caused by isolated spinal extramedullary-intradural cauda equina metastasis is the primary symptom of ... Neoplastic cauda equina syndrome: a neuroimaging-based review. Pract Neurol 16(1): 35-41, 2016. PMID: 26442520. DOI: 10.1136/ ... Cauda equina syndrome caused by primary and metastatic neoplasms. Neurosurg Focus 16(6): e3, 2004. PMID: 15202873. DOI: 10.3171 ... Cauda equina syndrome: a review of the current clinical and medico-legal position. Eur Spine J 20(5): 690-697, 2011. PMID: ...
Walton - Understanding Cauda Equina Syndrome: Protocol for a UK Multicentre Prospective Observational Cohort Study. ...
Walton - What Outcomes are we Analysing After Surgery for Cauda Equina Syndrome. A Systematic Literature Review. ... Cauda Equina Syndrome. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Data Extraction form was used to document ... searches reveal significant difference in reporting of the outcomes for patients who have undergone surgery for Cauda Equina ...
Cauda Equina Syndrome - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the MSD Manuals - Medical Consumer Version ... Symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome People with cauda equina syndrome may have severe pain in the lower back, usually due to the ... Causes of Cauda Equina Syndrome The most common cause of cauda equina syndrome is ... The symptoms that result from compression of or damage to the cauda equina are called the cauda equina syndrome. ...
... is a rare disorder that usually is a surgical emergency. Causes of Cauda Equina Syndrome :-Cauda equina ... Cauda equina syndrome is a relatively rare neurological condition caused by pressure on the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves at ... Cauda equina syndrome (CES) occurs when the nerve roots of the cauda equina are compressed and disrupt motor and sensory ... Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare condition where the cauda equina becomes compressed or severely squeezed. The collection ...
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Primary epidural lumbar Ewing sarcoma presenting as cauda equina syndrome in an adult patient who underwent surgical ... September - October 2022 Primary epidural lumbar Ewing sarcoma presenting as cauda equina syndrome in an... ...
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... termed the cauda equina for its resemblance to a horses tail. ... Cauda equina syndrome. What is cauda equina syndrome? Cauda ... What is the cauda equina? The lumbar and sacral spinal nerves have very long roots, descending from their respective points in ... These roots descend in a bundle from the conus, termed the cauda equina for its resemblance to a horses tail. ...
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Cauda equina syndrome is a rare spinal cord condition that can cause serious complications. Learn about the symptoms, causes, ... Cauda equina syndrome. Understanding Cauda Equina Syndrome. Cauda equina syndrome is a rare spinal cord condition that can ... What Are the Symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome?. Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare condition that affects the cauda equina ... What Causes Cauda Equina Syndrome?. Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare spinal cord disorder that occurs when the nerve roots ...
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  • The cauda equina was named after its resemblance to a horse's tail (Latin: cauda equina) by the French anatomist Andreas Lazarius (André du Laurens) in the 17th century. (wikipedia.org)
  • the "cauda equina" is the "horse's tail" of nerve fibers immediately inferior to the spinal cord. (washington.edu)
  • The terminology cauda equina literally means the tail of the horse and refers to the normal anatomy of the end of the spinal cord in the low back where it divides into many bundles of nerve tracts resembling a horse's tail. (medicinenet.com)
  • Distal to this end of the spinal cord is a collection of nerve roots, which are horsetail-like in appearance and hence called the cauda equina (Latin for horse's tail). (medscape.com)
  • This bundle is called the cauda equina, which means horse's tail in Latin, because that is what the bundle looks like. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These roots descend in a bundle from the conus, termed the cauda equina for its resemblance to a horse's tail. (seekhealthz.com)
  • Cauda equina is Latin for "horse's tail' and is the bottom part of the spinal cord. (spinesdorset.com)
  • At about the level of the waist, the spinal cord splits into a number of smaller nerve roots called cauda equina (Latin for horse's tail as it has the appearance of a horse's tail). (thompsonandco-solicitors.co.uk)
  • 1. Cauda equina gets its name from Latin for "horse's tail," because the nerves at the end of the spine look like a horse's tail as they extend from the spinal cord. (lipkinapter.com)
  • Specifically, cauda equina occurs in the lower back near the end of the spinal cord where the collection of nerves resembles a horse's tail. (brownturnerross.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a serious neurological condition marked by compression of nerve roots in the lower portion of the spinal cord, commonly referred to as horse's tail nerve roots due to their appearance. (keydifference.in)
  • Surgery is often needed to relieve pressure on the cauda equina, and pain relievers and corticosteroids are used to relieve pain. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A tumor can put direct pressure on the cauda equina. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a relatively rare neurological condition caused by pressure on the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves at the base of the spine. (vetcan.org)
  • The most common cause of cauda equina syndrome is a herniated disk which then puts pressure on the cauda equina. (brownturnerross.com)
  • We have extensive experience in handling complex and high-value medical negligence claims and have succeeded in securing millions of pounds in compensation in areas such as child brain injury (including cerebral palsy and Erbs Palsy claims), brain injury claims , spinal injury claims (including cauda equina cases), amputation claims , surgery and cancer cases, infectious diseases, delayed cancer diagnosis, and cases for the loss of sight or hearing. (leighday.co.uk)
  • THE diagnosis and management of cauda equina syndrome (CES) can be fraught with potential difficulties. (mddus.com)
  • Our experts are currently working with a client who experienced a delayed diagnosis of her Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES). (slatergordon.co.uk)
  • Doctors immediately evaluate people with symptoms of cauda equina syndrome and do magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography to confirm the diagnosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a medical emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and treatment. (vetcan.org)
  • Understanding the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of Cauda equina syndrome is essential for those affected by it. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome is a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed or excluded by an urgent MRI scan (even if there is only a moderate amount of suspicion) - therefore urgent medical attention is required. (spinesdorset.com)
  • A man who experienced a catastrophic delay in diagnosis of cauda equina syndrome has been awarded a lump sum of £3,400,000. (rwkgoodman.com)
  • If you reported symptoms to your doctor but were not given a cauda equina syndrome diagnosis until the condition worsened, you may be entitled to compensation. (uk.com)
  • A patient with these symptoms should undergo immediate diagnosis and treatment of Cauda Equina Syndrome. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Ongoing treatment for injuries resulting from medical malpractice during the diagnosis or treatment of Cauda Equina Syndrome includes special medication, physical therapy, medical devices and long-term drug treatments. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • A recent article published by the BBC brought awareness to how critical early diagnosis of cauda equina is, and how failing to identify and treat it is costing the NHS hundreds of millions a year. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • This comprehensive guide seeks to explore the anatomy, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options available for both Cauda Equina and Conus Medullaris Syndromes - their significance and highlighting why it is crucial to recognize them in medical practice. (keydifference.in)
  • Spinal cord/cauda equina was the primary site at diagnosis for 50-60% of ependymal tumours in adult age groups in contrast to about 20% in children and adolescents. (cdc.gov)
  • Although intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma of the cauda equina without von Hippel Lindau syndrome it is a rare pathological entity, this diagnosis must be taken in for cauda equina masses. (bvsalud.org)
  • The cauda equina (from Latin tail of horse) is a bundle of spinal nerves and spinal nerve rootlets, consisting of the second through fifth lumbar nerve pairs, the first through fifth sacral nerve pairs, and the coccygeal nerve, all of which arise from the lumbar enlargement and the conus medullaris of the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cauda equina (Latin for horse tail) is the collection of lumbar and sacral spinal nerve roots that travel caudally prior to exiting at their respective intervertebral foramina. (medscape.com)
  • The nerves that compose the cauda equina innervate the pelvic organs and lower limbs to include motor innervation of the hips, knees, ankles, feet, internal anal sphincter and external anal sphincter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a complication from the compression of the nerves at the end of the spinal cord within the spinal canal. (medicinenet.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome can be caused by any condition that results in direct irritation or pinching of the nerves at the end of the spinal cord. (medicinenet.com)
  • Partial cauda equina syndrome is the terminology that applies when there is incomplete compression of the nerves of the lower spinal cord. (medicinenet.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is caused by anything that takes too much space in the spinal canal and puts pressure on the bundle of nerves. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a serious spinal condition where the nerves at the bottom of the spine are compressed. (first4lawyers.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome (CES) occurs when the nerves in the spinal canal have been damaged. (leighday.co.uk)
  • Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the bundle of nerves that extends from the bottom of the spinal cord is compressed or damaged. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When these nerves are compressed or damaged, it can cause Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES). (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • The spinal cord ends at the conus medullaris around the L1 level (the first lumbar vertebra) when it becomes the cauda equina: all the spinal nerves from L2 - L5, the sacral and coccygeal nerves. (spinesdorset.com)
  • It is caused by compression of the cauda equina nerves. (spinesdorset.com)
  • The circled areas on the MRI scan above shows severe spinal stenosis at the L4/5 level causing compression of the cauda equina nerves. (spinesdorset.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) occurs when there is damage or compression to the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord. (weisspaarz.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a serious condition that occurs when a bundle of nerves in the lower part of your spinal cord called, cauda equina, are compressed. (healthline.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a rare and severe type of spinal stenosis where all of the nerves in the lower back suddenly become severely compressed. (hh-law.uk)
  • Cauda equina syndrome, or CES, is a relatively rare spinal condition affecting a bundle of nerves in the lower back. (uk.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a condition in which a bundle of nerves at the base of the spinal cord sustain damage. (uk.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome is an emergency medical condition in which the Cauda Equina, a group of nerves located in the lower back, become damaged. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome is a serious condition in which the section of nerves at the base of the spinal cord becomes compressed, usually as injury or surgery. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • When the nerves of the Cauda Equina become compressed, the loss of blood flow can result in permanent damage. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome results from compression of the spinal nerves that control bowel and bladder function. (hutterchiro.com)
  • The gold standard of care for cauda equina syndrome is surgery to decompress the spinal nerves. (hutterchiro.com)
  • Well in regards to the nerves that are affected at your L2, it is possible that you have Cauda Equine Syndrome because this is the typical area that is responsible for CES. (inspiredsciforum.com)
  • People with cauda equina syndrome may have severe pain in the lower back, usually due to the disorder causing cauda equina syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Understanding Cauda Equina Syndrome: Protocol for a UK Multicentre Prospective Observational Cohort Study. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • The cauda equina is the conglomeration of lumbar and sacral nerve roots distally to the terminal portion of the spinal cord, starting at the L1-L2 vertebral level in most people. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome results from the dysfunction of multiple sacral and lumbar nerve roots in the lumbar vertebral canal. (vetcan.org)
  • The midline cauda equina syndrome: bilateral lumbar and sacral root lesions. (syrianclinic.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome can often be mistaken for conditions such as spinal stenosis, herniated discs and nerve root compression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome refers to a characteristic pattern of neuromuscular and urogenital symptoms resulting from the simultaneous compression of multiple lumbosacral nerve roots below the level of the conus medullaris (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this study was to find the best diagnostic imaging workup of the Cauda equina compression syndrome (CECS) in dogs and the order of the different methods--radiology, myelography, computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). (vin.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome (CES) frequently results from nerve root compression and damage from herniated lumbar discs, spinal stenosis, post-traumatic fractured vertebral fragments, or tumors, which result in devastating morbidity ( 1 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Neoplastic CES may arise from cauda equina primary tumors or secondary metastases, which may involve the vertebral bones, resulting in fracture and external nerve compression ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • The symptoms that result from compression of or damage to the cauda equina are called the cauda equina syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome typically includes surgery to remove any source of compression or damage to the nerve roots. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • 2. Nerve compression leading to Cauda Equina Syndrome is most often caused by a central lumbar herniated disc. (lipkinapter.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome (CES) - a rare but dangerous medical emergency in which compression of the spinal cord can lead to lifelong disability - has recently hit the headlines. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • Developing cauda equina syndrome due to medical negligence can have devastating consequences. (first4lawyers.com)
  • Simon Elliman, partner and head of our Medical Negligence team, helps explain when cauda equina syndrome can be caused by negligent medical treatment. (rwkgoodman.com)
  • The medical negligence specialists at Potter Rees Dolan Solicitors can help you to make a cauda equina syndrome compensation claim if your condition was misdiagnosed or missed by your doctor. (uk.com)
  • Thanks to our experience helping clients to pursue cauda equina syndrome medical negligence claims, we know how difficult it can be to manage the condition. (uk.com)
  • Therefore, if you visited a doctor to discuss your symptoms and your doctor either ignored your claims or misdiagnosed your cauda equina then you may be able to claim compensation for medical negligence. (brownturnerross.com)
  • Compensation for cauda equina medical negligence claims vary on a case-by-case basis as no two experiences are the same. (brownturnerross.com)
  • As a general rule of thumb, medical negligence claims for cauda equina can be anywhere from £2,000 - £100,000+ depending on your own individual circumstances. (brownturnerross.com)
  • Whether you are calculating medical negligence for cauda equina, or brain injury claims, the general approach remains the same. (brownturnerross.com)
  • If you have experienced medical negligence and have been left with exacerbated symptoms or damages as a result of cauda equina or suffered from this condition following a general injury to your back then get in touch with our serious injury team at Brown Turner Ross and we can talk through your situation with you, help you move forward, and, if applicable, make a claim. (brownturnerross.com)
  • Richard Money-Kyrle , a CES specialist and partner in Boyes Turner 's medical negligence team regularly achieves substantial compensation awards for clients disabled by cauda equina. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome include low back pain , numbness and/or tingling in the buttocks and lower extremities ( sciatica ), weakness in the legs, and incontinence of the bladder and/or bowels. (medicinenet.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome causes severe pain in the lower back, urinary problems (such as incontinence). (msdmanuals.com)
  • 5] Such root dysfunction can cause a combination of clinical features, but the term cauda equina syndrome is used only when these include impairment of â ¦ Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the nerve roots in the lumbar spine are â ¦ Cauda equina syndrome with retention or overflow incontinence. (vetcan.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome can cause incontinence and permanent paralysis . (healthline.com)
  • If the condition is left untreated for any longer than this then you run the risk of cauda equina leading to permanent and irreversible incontinence and even paralysis. (brownturnerross.com)
  • Background/Aim: Intradural cauda equina metastases (ICEM) are rare tumors that reduce functional status. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Although the lesion is technically involves nerve roots and represents a "peripheral" nerve injury, damage may be irreversible and cauda equina syndrome may be a surgical emergency (see Treatment). (medscape.com)
  • Our client, Sarah, suffered from a painful three years of back pain before she was eventually diagnosed with Cauda Equina Syndrome in August 2021. (slatergordon.co.uk)
  • Cauda equina syndrome, a rare disorder affecting the bundle of nerve roots (cauda equina) at the lower (lumbar) end of the spinal cord, is a surgical emergency. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cauda equina (CE) is a bundle of intradural nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord, in the subarachnoid space distal to the conus medullaris. (medscape.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a serious condition in which this bundle of nerve roots is squeezed. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Making a claim could help to prevent future cases of cauda equina negligence from happening in the future. (first4lawyers.com)
  • Clinical negligence specialist and Leigh Day partner Olive Lewin has successfully settled a claim for £1.1 million on behalf of a client who has been left with cauda equina syndrome following an operation for spinal decompression at L5/S1. (leighday.co.uk)
  • A complex Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) clinical negligence case - with ATE insurance and disbursement funding from Temple - has been successfully concluded after a major 3-week trial. (temple-legal.co.uk)
  • How is cauda equina syndrome caused by negligence? (rwkgoodman.com)
  • The amount of compensation awarded in successful compensation cases for cauda equina syndrome claims varies very widely and is particularly dependent on how much better the outcome would have been without the negligence. (thompsonandco-solicitors.co.uk)
  • Delayed treatment of cauda equina accounts for a large proportion of the cost of negligence claims against GPs (general practitioners). (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is considered a surgical emergency because if left untreated it can lead to permanent loss of bowel and bladder control and a reduction in mobility along with permanent pain. (leighday.co.uk)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a rare disorder that usually is a surgical emergency. (vetcan.org)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a rare condition and is a surgical emergency. (spinesdorset.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a rare but serious condition that is deemed a medical surgical emergency. (hutterchiro.com)
  • In adulthood, the cauda equina is made of lumbosacral spinal nerve roots. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome or Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis in dogs, is one of the most frequent pathologies in some breeds of dogs. (smartlifey.com)
  • As expert solicitors in cauda equina claims, we know the issues the court needs to determine and the information required by the medical experts to form opinions on both the standard of medical care that was given and the consequences of failures in care. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • Our specialist cauda equina solicitors are here to help you make a claim for compensation following negligent treatment of the syndrome. (rwkgoodman.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the nerve roots in the lumbar spine are compressed, disrupting sensation and movement. (wikipedia.org)
  • The truth is, the surgery which Cory had on his spine last March (see the Cauda Equina section of this blog) did not bring him the cure we were so hopeful for. (corysstory.com)
  • 3. Trauma to the lumbar spine - such as a car accident, fall, or gunshot wound - can also damage the cauda equina and produce symptoms. (lipkinapter.com)
  • Repeat brain and spine MRI revealed new enhancement of the dura, trigeminal nerve, and cauda equina, indicative of a central infiltrative process. (cdc.gov)
  • A subset of neoplastic CES, intradural cauda equina metastases (ICEM), represent a rare but challenging entity ( 6 , 7 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • In this manuscript we aim to describe a rare case of sporadic intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma of the cauda equina and present a literature review. (bvsalud.org)
  • En este manuscrito nuestro objetivo es describir un caso raro de hemangioblastoma intradural extramedular esporádico de la cauda equina y presentar una revisión de la literatura. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aunque el hemangioblastoma intradural extramedular de la cauda equine sin síndrome de von Hippel-Lindau es una entidad patológica poco frecuente, este diagnóstico debe tenerse en cuenta cuando una masa afecta a la cola de caballo. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, the cauda equina extends to sensory innervation of the perineum and, partially, parasympathetic innervation of the bladder. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a disastrous medical condition that can permanently impact bowel and bladder function, sexual function, your ability to walk, and more. (lipkinapter.com)
  • The loss of bowel and bladder function in cauda equina syndrome is a call for immediate physician consultation. (hutterchiro.com)
  • symptoms include lower back pain, weakness or numbness in legs, and bowel/bladder dysfunction - in contrast with Cauda Equina Syndrome which typically only impacts one side. (keydifference.in)
  • The insurance companies who represent medical practitioners in malpractice claims often fail to offer the total amount of financial support needed for those suffering as a result of Cauda Equina Syndrome, so it is important that victims seek a settlement amount that will truly cover all their medical and financial needs, now and in the future. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • For over 35 years, Lisa Levine has successfully represented clients in hundreds of medical malpractice claims in Florida, including many related to Cauda Equina Syndrome. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Claims for cauda equina are complex and require specialist legal expertise if the patient is to recover their full entitlement to compensation. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • Objectives: In the literature scoping searches reveal significant difference in reporting of the outcomes for patients who have undergone surgery for Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES). (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • At which vertebral level is the lesion in cauda equina syndrome? (syrianclinic.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare spinal cord disorder that occurs when the nerve roots of the cauda equina are compressed or damaged. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • A case of ependymoma of the cauda equina, presumably originating from the filum terminale in a girl aged 17 at the onset of illness, eventually developed remote metastases in the lungs, pleura, and one para-aortic lymph node. (bmj.com)
  • Urgent cauda equina care - have lessons been learned? (rwkgoodman.com)
  • This combination of symptoms is referred to as saddle paresthesia and may be a sign of cauda equina syndrome, which requires urgent treatment and may cause paralysis. (healthline.com)
  • For more information about a possible claim for compensation relating to cauda equina syndrome please contact Olive Lewin on 020 7650 1200 . (leighday.co.uk)
  • If you have suffered Cauda Equina Syndrome as a result of negligent medical treatment then you may have a claim for compensation. (thompsonandco-solicitors.co.uk)
  • After removal of a spinal tumor involving nerve fibers at the cauda equina, his symptoms disappeared and the spinal fluid protein normalized. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • This photo was taken about 15 weeks after he had surgery for Cauda Equina syndrome. (corysstory.com)
  • What Outcomes are we Analysing After Surgery for Cauda Equina Syndrome. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • If cauda equina syndrome is confirmed, emergency surgery is required as soon as possible (within 24-48 hours of onset of symptoms) in order to reverse and/or prevent progression of symptoms. (spinesdorset.com)
  • Luckily, cauda equina can be treated with emergency decompression surgery if identified quickly. (brownturnerross.com)
  • In one report, 14 patients (11 men and 3 women) with a mean age of 48 years (36-57 years) who presented with chronic lower back pain, leg pain and cauda equina symptoms and had surgery performed 1 to 3 months after onset. (hutterchiro.com)
  • This report describes a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the cauda equina that was diagnosed after decompression surgery for LSCS. (bvsalud.org)
  • The numbness of cauda equina syndrome typically is in the distribution of where the body would touch a saddle when sitting upon a horse, and is referred to as 'saddle anesthesia. (medicinenet.com)
  • A lesion in the spinal canal at any level below the tenth thoracic (dorsal) vertebra can cause cauda equina syndrome. (syrianclinic.com)
  • The outlook for patients affected by cauda equina syndrome is determined by the extent of damage to involved nerve tissue. (medicinenet.com)
  • In an attempt to reduce the number of patients left with permanent damage as a result of Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES), NICE have recently made changes to the CKS guidelines relating to sciatica (lumbar radiculopathy) . (anthonygold.co.uk)
  • Long-term care, physical therapy, and medical devices are just a few of the costs facing patients who have been in injured due to medical malpractice related to Cauda Equina Syndrome. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Sadly, for many patients who suffer from Cauda Equina Syndrome, their injuries could have been avoided if proper medical treatment was administered. (floridainjuryclaim.com)
  • Le présent article décrit les manifestations cliniques, le diagnostic et la prise en charge de la schistosomiase médullaire chez cinq patients admis dans les hôpitaux Shaab et Ibn Khaldoun de Khartoum entre 1997 et 2007. (who.int)
  • Methods: Databases of Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus and registries were searched from 1/1/1990 to 30/9/2016 with the term 'Cauda Equina Syndrome. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • download Cauda: A Novel 2016 on Product and seller in daphnids. (tusleutzsch.net)
  • Symptoms of Cauda equina syndrome can range from mild discomfort to severe disability and paralysis, making it a potentially life-altering disorder. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • Whilst cauda equina might begin with an innocuous accident or a slipped disc, where delays or errors in GP, hospital or surgical treatment lead to a lifetime of disability, the patient is entitled to compensation for the avoidable disability and its financial consequences. (boyesturnerclaims.com)
  • In this complex structure, two diseases that are known as Cauda Equina syndrome (CES) and Conus Medullaris Syndrome (CMS) may occur with distinct characteristics and consequences. (keydifference.in)
  • Cauda equina syndrome is a rare spinal cord condition that can cause serious complications. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • Early detection and treatment of Cauda Equina Syndrome are essential to reduce the risk of long-term complications. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • At Slater and Gordon, we're proud partners of Cauda Equina Champions Charity . (slatergordon.co.uk)
  • What is the treatment for cauda equina syndrome? (medicinenet.com)
  • The treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome depends on the underlying cause. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • In a recent article, Simon Elliman explored the new treatment pathway for Cauda Equina Syndrome ('CES'), delivered as part of the NHS's 'Getting in Right First Time' initiative. (rwkgoodman.com)
  • We'll also discuss how to prevent the onset of Cauda equina syndrome and how to manage symptoms if you or someone you know is living with this condition. (spinalligamentinjury.com)
  • The medical research literature is filled with recommendations of "immediately" to discussions of positive results similar to outcomes of immediate surgical interventions when the surgical intervention happened 1 to 3 months after the onset of cauda equina symptoms. (hutterchiro.com)