Infections with true tapeworms of the helminth subclass CESTODA.
A subclass of segmented worms comprising the tapeworms.
A genus of large tapeworms.
Infections by nematodes, general or unspecified.
Infestation of animals with parasitic worms of the helminth class. The infestation may be experimental or veterinary.
Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia.
Species of tapeworm in the genus TAENIA, that infects cattle. It is acquired by humans through the ingestion of raw or insufficiently cooked beef.
Species of tapeworm in the genus TAENIA, that infects swine. It is acquired by humans through the ingestion of cured or undercooked pork.
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Infection with CYSTICERCUS, the larval form of the various tapeworms of the genus Taenia (usually T. solium in man). In humans they penetrate the intestinal wall and invade subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, muscle, heart, liver, lung, and peritoneum. Brain involvement results in NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS.
A plant of the family APIACEAE which is the source of asiatic acid and asiaticoside. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. = Hydrocotyle asiatica L. is known for effect on peripheral circulation.

Rainbow trout leucocyte activity: influence on the ectoparasitic monogenean Gyrodactylus derjavini. (1/92)

The ectoparasitic monogenean Gyrodactylus derjavini from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was exposed in vitro to macrophages isolated as peritoneal exudate cells or as pronephros cells from the host. Cells colonized the parasite especially in the mannose-rich regions in the cephalic ducts where ciliated structures were abundant. Opsonization with fresh serum, in contrast to heat-inactivated serum, enhanced colonization also on other body parts. The adverse effect of the activated macrophages towards G. derjavini was associated with a heat-labile component released from these cells to the culture medium. Analysis of substances released from the cells showed reactivity for a number of enzymes, complement factor C3, interleukin (Il-1) and reactive oxygen metabolites. Chemotaxis assays with pronephric leucocytes showed chemoattractants in G. derjavini, and the respiratory burst level of macrophages was slightly elevated due to parasite exposure. It is suggested that skin leucocytes contribute to an increased level of complement factors in the trout skin during the host response, whereby a hostile microenvironment for the parasites is created. In addition, the IL-1 production could affect mucous cell secretion and hyperplasia and add to the antiparasitic action of the epithelium. Likewise, reactive oxygen metabolites and various enzymes are likely to be involved in the skin response.  (+info)

Identification of a novel eosinophil chemotactic cytokine (ECF-L) as a chitinase family protein. (2/92)

A novel eosinophil chemotactic cytokine (ECF-L) was purified from the culture supernatant of splenocytes of mice by a combination of anion-exchange chromatography, Procion red-agarose affinity chromatography, size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and reverse phase HPLC. The NH(2)-terminal amino acid sequence was determined by direct protein sequencing. An ECF-L cDNA clone of 1,506 nucleotides was isolated from a cDNA library, and the nucleotide sequence predicted a mature protein of 397 amino acids. A recombinant ECF-L showed a level of eosinophil chemotactic activity comparable with that of natural ECF-L, and the activity was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody to ECF-L. ECF-L also attracted T lymphocytes and bone marrow polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro, whereas it caused selective extravasation of eosinophils in vivo. ECF-L mRNA was highly expressed in spleen, bone marrow, lung, and heart. A comprehensive GenBank data base search revealed that ECF-L is a chitinase family protein. ECF-L retains those amino acids highly conserved among chitinase family proteins, but Asp and Glu residues essential for the proton donation in hydrolysis were replaced by Asn and Gln, respectively. Although ECF-L contains a consensus CXC sequence near the NH(2) terminus akin to chemokine family proteins, the rest of ECF-L shows poor homology with chemokines.  (+info)

Occurrence of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in cyprinid fish from three lakes in the flood plain of the Yangtze River, China. (3/92)

Cyprinid fish, Hemiculter leucisculus, Cultrichthys erythropterus and Culter dabryi, were sampled from Liangzi, Honghu and Tangxun lakes in the flood plain of the Yangtze River. The cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 was found in the 3 lakes, but C. erythropterus sampled from Liangzi lake was found uninfected due probably to the small sample size. Findings of the cestode in the 3 lakes represent the first record of the parasite in the flood plain of the Yangtze River, indicating that B. acheilognathi may be distributed much wider in China than previously recognized.  (+info)

First report of the invasive eel pest Pseudodactylogyrus bini in North America and in wild American eels. (4/92)

We detected 2 species of monogenean gill worms, Pseudodactylogyrus bini (Kikuchi, 1929) Gusev, 1965 and P. anguillae (Yin & Sproston, 1948) Gusev, 1965 (Monopisthocotylea: Pseudodactylogyridae), on American eel Anguilla rostrata in 2 rivers in South Carolina, USA. One of these, P. anguillae, was reported 5 yr ago from Nova Scotia; as well as in South Carolina, we also discovered it in 2 localities in Chesapeake Bay. Differences in the morphologies of specimens of either species of worm from North America and northeastern Asia were negligible. Similarly, the level of variation in sequences in the ITS2 (internal transcribed spacers) region of ribosomal RNA was minor, and not consistent with geographical origin. These data indicate that these monogeneans invaded North America only recently, possibly in parallel with the nematode Anguillicola crassus (which is known to have been introduced with commercial imports of foreign eels). We map the current global occurrence of these monogeneans, and conclude that their dispersal from northeastern Asia was largely as a result of the eel trade, and has probably been secondarily augmented by longshore migration of infected eels, and possibly also by transport in ballast waters. With present technology, all eel stocks must still be collected from the wild; unless shipments are disinfected at quarantine, these and other eel pathogens (such as A. crassus) are likely to continue to colonise other regions of the world.  (+info)

Treatment of Microcotyle sebastis infestation in cultured rockfish Sebastes schlegeli by oral administration of praziquantel in combination with cimetidine. (5/92)

The effect of cimetidine on the treatment efficacy of praziquantel against Microcotyle sebastis infestation in cultured rockfish Sebastes schlegeli was investigated. Juvenile rockfish were divided into 7 groups, and orally administered praziquantel alone (50, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body wt, BW) or in combination with cimetidine at a dose of 200 mg kg(-1) BW for each praziquantel dose. The fish in the control group were administered only saline. The results clearly showed that coadministration of cimetidine with praziquantel led to a significantly increased treatment efficacy of the latter drug, and consequently would lead to a lowering of the total dose of praziquantel, and a reduction in the administration times and costs for the treatment of M. sebastis infestation in cultured rockfish.  (+info)

Effects of Schistocephalus solidus infection on brain monoaminergic activity in female three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus. (6/92)

The three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus is an intermediate host of the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus. Changes in predator avoidance, foraging and shoaling behaviour have been reported in sticklebacks infested with S. solidus, but the mechanisms underlying parasite-induced behavioural changes are not understood. Monoamine neurotransmitters are involved in the control of behaviour and central monoaminergic systems are sensitive to various stressors. Thus, the behavioural effects of S. solidus infestation might be a reflection of changes in brain monoaminergic activity in the stickleback host. The concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and their metabolites 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanilic acid (HVA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) were measured in the telencephalons, hypothalami and brainstems of parasitized and non-parasitized female sticklebacks held in the laboratory. The ratios of 5-HIAA:5-HT were significantly elevated in both the hypothalami and brainstems of infected sticklebacks. The concentrations of 5-HT and NE were significantly reduced in the telencephalons of infected fish as compared with controls, but there was no elevation of metabolite concentrations. The results are consistent with chronic stress in infected fish, but may also reflect other alterations of neuroendocrine status resulting from parasite infection.  (+info)

Common sculpin Cottus gobio as a natural paratenic host of Proteocephalus longicollis (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), a parasite of salmonids, in Europe. (7/92)

Common sculpins Cottus gobio L. (Pisces: Cottidae), from the Mlynsky Brook near Ceske Zleby in the Sumava National Park, southwestern Bohemia, Czech Republic, were found to harbour in their intestines juvenile cestodes Proteocephalus longicollis (Zeder, 1800), a common parasite of holarctic salmonids, with a prevalence of 60% and intensity of 1 to 11 (mean 5) parasites per fish; undoubtedly, these prey fish serve as paratenic hosts. In this locality, the definitive host of P. longicollis is the brown trout Salmo trutta m. fario L., large specimens of which apparently acquire infection of this parasite by feeding on infected sculpins. C. gobio is the first known natural paratenic host of P. longicollis in Europe.  (+info)

Indirect fitness consequences of mate choice in sticklebacks: offspring of brighter males grow slowly but resist parasitic infections. (8/92)

'Good genes' models of sexual selection suggest that elaborate male sexual ornaments have evolved as reliable signals of male quality because only males of high genetic viability are able to develop and maintain them. Females benefit from choosing such individuals if quality is heritable. A key prediction is that the offspring of males with elaborate mating displays will perform better than those of less elaborate males, but it has proved difficult to demonstrate such an effect independently of the effects of differences in parental investment. We tested for 'good genes' linked to male ornamentation in the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus using in vitro fertilization to generate maternal half-siblings, which were raised without parental care. Maternal half-siblings sired by brightly coloured males grew less quickly than half-siblings sired by dull males but were more resistant to a controlled disease challenge. Among the offspring that became infected, those with brighter fathers had higher white blood cell counts. This suggests that highly ornamented males confer disease resistance on their offspring. The association with reduced growth suggests a mechanism for the maintenance of heritable variation in both disease resistance and male sexual coloration.  (+info)

Cestode infections, also known as tapeworm infections, are caused by the ingestion of larval cestodes (tapeworms) present in undercooked meat or contaminated water. The most common types of cestode infections in humans include:

1. Taeniasis: This is an infection with the adult tapeworm of the genus Taenia, such as Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm). Humans become infected by consuming undercooked beef or pork that contains viable tapeworm larvae. The larvae then mature into adult tapeworms in the human intestine, where they can live for several years, producing eggs that are passed in the feces.
2. Hydatid disease: This is a zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, which is commonly found in dogs and other carnivores. Humans become infected by accidentally ingesting eggs present in dog feces or contaminated food or water. The eggs hatch in the human intestine and release larvae that migrate to various organs, such as the liver or lungs, where they form hydatid cysts. These cysts can grow slowly over several years and cause symptoms depending on their location and size.
3. Diphyllobothriasis: This is an infection with the fish tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum, which is found in freshwater fish. Humans become infected by consuming raw or undercooked fish that contain viable tapeworm larvae. The larvae mature into adult tapeworms in the human intestine and can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vitamin B12 deficiency.

Preventing cestode infections involves practicing good hygiene, cooking meat thoroughly, avoiding consumption of raw or undercooked fish, and washing fruits and vegetables carefully before eating. In some cases, treatment with antiparasitic drugs may be necessary to eliminate the tapeworms from the body.

Cestoda is a class of parasitic worms belonging to the phylum Platyhelminthes, also known as flatworms. Cestodes are commonly known as tapeworms and have a long, flat, segmented body that can grow to considerable length in their adult form. They lack a digestive system and absorb nutrients through their body surface.

Cestodes have a complex life cycle involving one or two intermediate hosts, usually insects or crustaceans, and a definitive host, which is typically a mammal, including humans. The tapeworm's larval stage develops in the intermediate host, and when the definitive host consumes the infected intermediate host, the larvae mature into adults in the host's intestine.

Humans can become infected with tapeworms by eating raw or undercooked meat from infected animals or through accidental ingestion of contaminated water or food containing tapeworm eggs or larvae. Infection with tapeworms can cause various symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies.

"Taenia" is a genus of tapeworms that are known to infect humans and animals. The most common species that affect humans are Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm).

Humans can become infected with these tapeworms by consuming raw or undercooked meat from infected animals. Once inside the human body, the larvae can mature into adult tapeworms in the intestines, leading to a condition called taeniasis. Symptoms of taeniasis may include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and weight loss.

Ingesting eggs of Taenia solium, through contact with feces from an infected person or contaminated food, can lead to a more serious condition called cysticercosis, where larvae form cysts in various tissues throughout the body, including muscles, brain, and eyes. Cysticercosis can cause a range of symptoms depending on the location of the cysts, and it can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Preventive measures include cooking meat thoroughly, practicing good hygiene, and washing hands and food properly before eating.

Nematode infections, also known as roundworm infections, are caused by various species of nematodes or roundworms. These parasitic worms can infect humans and animals, leading to a range of health problems depending on the specific type of nematode and the location of the infection within the body.

Common forms of nematode infections include:

1. Ascariasis: Caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, this infection occurs when people ingest the parasite's eggs through contaminated food or water. The larvae hatch in the small intestine, mature into adult worms, and can cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, the worms may obstruct the intestines or migrate to other organs, leading to potentially life-threatening complications.
2. Hookworm infections: These are caused by Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. The larvae penetrate the skin, usually through bare feet, and migrate to the small intestine, where they attach to the intestinal wall and feed on blood. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, and protein loss.
3. Trichuriasis: Also known as whipworm infection, this is caused by Trichuris trichiura. The larvae hatch in the small intestine, mature into adult worms, and reside in the large intestine, causing abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal prolapse in severe cases.
4. Strongyloidiasis: Caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, this infection occurs when the larvae penetrate the skin, usually through contaminated soil, and migrate to the lungs and then the small intestine. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and skin rashes. In immunocompromised individuals, strongyloidiasis can lead to disseminated disease, which is potentially fatal.
5. Toxocariasis: This infection is caused by the roundworms Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati, found in dogs and cats, respectively. Humans become infected through ingestion of contaminated soil or undercooked meat. Symptoms include fever, cough, abdominal pain, and vision loss in severe cases.
6. Enterobiasis: Also known as pinworm infection, this is caused by Enterobius vermicularis. The larvae hatch in the small intestine, mature into adult worms, and reside in the large intestine, causing perianal itching and restlessness, especially at night.

Preventive measures include:

1. Proper hand hygiene: Wash hands with soap and water after using the toilet, changing diapers, handling pets or their feces, and before preparing or eating food.
2. Personal hygiene: Keep fingernails short and clean, avoid biting nails, and wear shoes in public areas, especially where soil may be contaminated with human or animal feces.
3. Food safety: Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly, cook meat properly, and avoid consuming raw or undercooked meat, poultry, or fish.
4. Environmental cleanliness: Regularly clean surfaces that come into contact with food, such as countertops, cutting boards, and utensils. Dispose of trash properly and maintain a clean living environment.
5. Pet care: Keep pets healthy and regularly deworm them as recommended by a veterinarian. Pick up pet feces promptly to prevent contamination of the environment.
6. Public health measures: Implement public health interventions, such as regular waste disposal, sewage treatment, and vector control, to reduce the transmission of parasitic infections.

Helminthiasis, in general, refers to the infection or infestation of humans and animals by helminths, which are parasitic worms. When referring to "Animal Helminthiasis," it specifically pertains to the condition where animals, including domestic pets and livestock, are infected by various helminth species. These parasitic worms can reside in different organs of the animal's body, leading to a wide range of clinical signs depending on the worm species and the location of the infestation.

Animal Helminthiasis can be caused by different types of helminths:

1. Nematodes (roundworms): These include species like Ascaris suum in pigs, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in cats, and Toxocara canis in dogs. They can cause gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss.
2. Cestodes (tapeworms): Examples include Taenia saginata in cattle, Echinococcus granulosus in sheep and goats, and Dipylidium caninum in dogs and cats. Tapeworm infestations may lead to gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea or constipation and may also cause vitamin deficiencies due to the worm's ability to absorb nutrients from the host animal's digestive system.
3. Trematodes (flukes): These include liver flukes such as Fasciola hepatica in sheep, goats, and cattle, and schistosomes that can affect various animals, including birds and mammals. Liver fluke infestations may cause liver damage, leading to symptoms like weight loss, decreased appetite, and jaundice. Schistosome infestations can lead to issues in multiple organs depending on the species involved.

Preventing and controlling Helminthiasis in animals is crucial for maintaining animal health and welfare, as well as ensuring food safety for humans who consume products from these animals. Regular deworming programs, good hygiene practices, proper pasture management, and monitoring for clinical signs are essential components of a comprehensive parasite control strategy.

Taeniasis is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm of the genus Taenia. The two most common species that infect humans are Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm).

Humans get infected with T. saginata by consuming raw or undercooked beef from cattle that carry the larval form of the tapeworm, called cysticercus. In contrast, humans acquire T. solium through the consumption of contaminated pork or, more commonly, by accidentally ingesting T. solium eggs due to poor hygiene practices, leading to a more severe infection known as cysticercosis.

After ingestion, the larvae develop into adult tapeworms in the human intestine, where they can grow up to 8-12 meters long for T. saginata and 2-3 meters for T. solium. Adult tapeworms consist of a head (scolex) with hooks and suckers that attach to the intestinal wall, a neck region where new segments called proglottids are continuously formed, and a chain of mature proglottids containing male and female reproductive organs.

Symptoms of taeniasis can be mild or even absent, but they may include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, and the presence of proglottids or tapeworm segments in stools or, rarely, outside the body (e.g., around the anus). In cases of T. solium infection, accidental ingestion of eggs can lead to cysticercosis, which is a more severe condition involving the formation of larval cysts in various tissues, including muscles, brain, and eyes, causing neurological symptoms and potentially life-threatening complications.

Diagnosis of taeniasis typically involves microscopic examination of stool samples to identify tapeworm eggs or proglottids. In some cases, molecular techniques like PCR may be used for species identification. Treatment usually consists of a single oral dose of anthelmintic medication such as praziquantel or niclosamide, which eliminates the adult tapeworm from the intestine. Proper sanitation and hygiene measures are crucial to prevent transmission and reinfection.

Taenia saginata is a type of tapeworm that infects the human intestine. It's also known as the "beef tapeworm" because it typically infects cattle, and humans become infected by eating undercooked or raw beef from an infected animal. The tapeworm can grow up to 15-30 feet long in the human intestine and can survive for several years. Symptoms of infection may include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, weight loss, and the presence of proglottids (segments of the tapeworm) in stool. In some cases, tapeworm segments may migrate outside the intestine and cause additional health problems.

"Taenia solium" is a medical term that refers to a type of tapeworm that infects the human intestines. This parasitic worm is acquired by ingesting undercooked pork containing larval cysts (cysticerci) of the parasite. Once inside the human body, these cysts develop into adult tapeworms, which can grow up to 8 meters in length and live for several years.

The infection caused by T. solium is called taeniasis when it affects the intestines, and cysticercosis when the larval cysts infect other parts of the body, such as muscles, eyes, or the brain. Cysticercosis can cause serious health complications, including seizures, neurological disorders, and even death in some cases.

Preventing taeniasis and cysticercosis involves practicing good hygiene, cooking pork thoroughly before eating it, and avoiding contact with human feces. In areas where T. solium is endemic, public health interventions such as mass deworming campaigns and improvements in sanitation and hygiene can help reduce the burden of infection.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to amplify specific regions of DNA. It enables the production of thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence in a rapid and efficient manner, making it an essential tool in various fields such as molecular biology, medical diagnostics, forensic science, and research.

The PCR process involves repeated cycles of heating and cooling to separate the DNA strands, allow primers (short sequences of single-stranded DNA) to attach to the target regions, and extend these primers using an enzyme called Taq polymerase, resulting in the exponential amplification of the desired DNA segment.

In a medical context, PCR is often used for detecting and quantifying specific pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites) in clinical samples, identifying genetic mutations or polymorphisms associated with diseases, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating treatment effectiveness.

Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm *Taenia solium*. The infection occurs when humans ingest eggs of this tapeworm, usually through contaminated food or water. Once inside the human body, these eggs hatch and release larvae that can invade various tissues, including muscles, brain, and eyes, forming cysts known as "cysticerci." Symptoms depend on the location and number of cysts but may include seizures, headaches, vision problems, or muscle weakness. Prevention measures include proper cooking of pork, improved sanitation, and personal hygiene.

"Centella" is the common name for a plant species known scientifically as *Centella asiatica*, also referred to as gotu kola. It is a herb that has been used in traditional medicine in various cultures, including Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine, for its potential health benefits. The active compounds in centella include saponins called asiaticoside, madecassoside, and madasiatic acid, which are believed to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.

Centella has been studied for its potential effects on various conditions, such as anxiety, cognitive function, and skin health. However, more research is needed to confirm these potential benefits and establish recommended dosages and safety guidelines. As with any supplement or medication, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider before using centella to ensure that it's appropriate for your individual health needs and to avoid potential interactions with other medications.

"Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Niclosamide". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... "Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Praziquantel". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... Most infections (~80%) are asymptomatic. Infections may be long-lasting, persisting for many years or decades (up to 25 years) ... those who consume raw fish are at risk of infection. The infection is often asymptomatic and usually presents only with mild ...
"Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Albendazole". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... It is used for the treatment of a variety of intestinal parasite infections, including ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm ... It is also given for infections by T. crassiceps. Though praziquantel is often better at treating tapeworm infections, ... Corticosteroids are sometimes added in cases of eye and CNS infections. Pinworm infection Filariasis; since albendazole's ...
ISBN 978-0-8036-0655-5. World Health Organization (1995). "Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Niclosamide". WHO model ... Niclosamide is under investigation for applications against types of cancer, bacterial infections, or viral infections. In 2018 ...
Chai, Jong-Yil (2013). "Praziquantel Treatment in Trematode and Cestode Infections: An Update". Infection & Chemotherapy. 45 (1 ... For liver fluke infections, ultrasounds are commonly used to search for evidence of the infection in the body. It is not very ... Infections can be transmitted through aquatic organisms which act as a host for the maturity of the parasite. Foodborne ... When the number of trematodes are high, signs of infection include severe pain in the abdomen. The signs and symptoms of the ...
Chai, Jong-Yil (2013). "Praziquantel Treatment in Trematode and Cestode Infections: An Update". Infection & Chemotherapy. 45 (1 ... "Taenia Infections" (PDF). The Institute for International Cooperation in Animal Biologics and the Center for Food Security and ... The drug successfully killed the larvae and his infection never returned. The most recent case on record to date took place in ... T. multiceps has been reported in regions all over the world (both human and animal infections) and is the most common ...
Chai, Jong-Yil (March 2013). "Praziquantel Treatment in Trematode and Cestode Infections: An Update". Infection & Chemotherapy ... United States: Infection is most common in the Southeast Infection rates were found to be higher among Southeast Asian refugees ... Light infections: Asymptomatic Heavy infections: Toxemia Significant intestinal inflammation Diarrhea Abdominal pain Anorexia ... Infection is most common in children aged 4-10 years, in dry, warm regions of the developing world. Estimated to have 50-75 ...
... usually presents as a single nodule, while other cestode infections such as cysticercosis typically present as ... GIDEON, "Sparganosis." Date viewed February 26, 2009 Walker M.D., Zunt (2005). "Neuroparasitic Infections: Cestodes, Trematodes ... The infection is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated water, ingestion of a second intermediate host such as a frog or ... The first case of sparganosis in the United States was reported by Stiles in 1908; this was a case of infection by Spirometra ...
Niclosamide (2 mg) is very effective against experimental infection in human. In general cestode infections are treated with ... T. asiatica infection in human is usually asymptomatic. There was an isolated report of severe pathogenic lesions in a 60-year- ... Humans contract the infection by eating raw or undercooked meat - a practice common in East and Southeast Asia - which is ... Eom, K S; Rim, H J; Geerts, S (1992). "Experimental infection of pigs and cattle with eggs of Asian Taenia saginata with ...
"WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - Second Edition: Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection ... These infections can damage or sicken the host (humans or other animals). If the intestinal parasite infection is caused by ... An intestinal parasite infection is a condition in which a parasite infects the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other ... Each of these parasites can infect the digestive tract, and sometimes two or more can cause infection at the same time. Good ...
Prevalence of Hymenolepis infections in endemic areas can reach 20%. H. nana is the most common cestode in humans with ... Hymenolepiasis is the most common cestode infection in humans, children are more commonly infected than adults. It is most ... nana infections occur in children in small towns and high-density suburbs. Infections are more frequent in younger children who ... Although the cestode life cycle requires the cysticercoid, or larval, phase to be developed in an intermediate host, H. nana ...
... is the infection of Bertiella, a cestode tapeworm parasite that primarily infects nonhuman primates, rodents and ... A Bertiella infection is typically diagnosed by observing eggs or proglottids in stool. They can be white, around 8 mm wide and ... Human infection occurs when a person inadvertently consumes an oribatid mite infected with Bertiella larvae. Within the human ( ... Occasionally, human infections have been documented by one of two species: Bertiella studeri, or Bertiella mucronata. Of 29 ...
Hosts can become immune to infection by a cestode if the lining, the mucosa, of the gut is damaged. This exposes the host's ... Host antibodies can kill or limit cestode infection by damaging their digestive enzymes, which reduces their ability to feed ... Infections can be long-lasting; in humans, tapeworm infection may last as much as 30 years. No asexual phases occur in the life ... While accidental tapeworm infections in developed countries are quite rare, such infections are more likely to occur in ...
Knoff, M.; S.C. de Sao Clemente; R.M. Pinto & D.C. Gomes (July 2002). "Prevalence and intensity of infection of cestodes ...
... the efficacy and safety of emodepside/praziquantel spot-on solution against naturally acquired nematode and cestode infections ...
Infection with the cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus can cause a reduction in egg mass or complete absence of eggs in ... Heins, David C; Singer, Scarlet S; Baker, John A (1999). "Virulence of the cestode Schistocephalus solidus and reproduction in ... This covariation between parasite infection and host traits is likely a consequence of eco-evolutionary feedback, whereby the ... McPhail, J. D.; Peacock, S. D. (2011). "Some effects of the cestode (Schistocephalus solidus) on reproduction in the threespine ...
... increase in cestode infections in moose and wild boar, with some specimens having up to 30-40 cysts. It also showed that where ... and the symptomatic ascertainment of any rabies infection. The wolf's paw was then amputated and/or its ears were sealed in wax ...
... , Coenurosis, Sparganosis and proliferating Cestode larvae". Diagnostic Pathology of Parasitic Infections with ... Infection can be effectively prevented by personal hygiene and sanitation: this includes cooking pork well, proper toilets and ... Cysticercosis is a tissue infection caused by the young form of the pork tapeworm. People may have few or no symptoms for years ... The description of measled pork in the History of Animals written by Aristotle (384-322 BC) showed that the infection of pork ...
121 Other trematode infections 122 Echinococcosis 123 Other cestode infection 124 Trichinosis 125 Filarial infection and ... 6 infection 058.82 Human herpesvirus 7 infection 058.89 Other human herpesvirus infection 059 Other poxvirus infections 059.0 ... 038.9 Septicemia, NOS 039 Actinomycotic infections 040 Other bacterial diseases 041 Bacterial infection in conditions ... 059.01 Monkeypox 059.09 Other orthopoxvirus infections 059.1 Other parapoxvirus infections 059.10 Parapoxvirus infection, ...
Protozoans, cestodes and nematodes lead to many turtle deaths because of the infections in the liver and intestinal tract they ... Green sea turtles have a variety of parasites including barnacles, leeches, protozoans, cestodes, and nematodes. Barnacles ...
For many years D. dendriticum infection was neglected. Diphyllobothriasis is not a life-threatening disease and most human ... Diphyllobothrium dendriticum is a large pseudophyllid cestode of the family Diphyllobothriidae. ... the second intermediate host probably does not represent an important source of human infection. However, these small second ...
... and surgical removal are used to combat coenuri infection but discretion should be used when treating this evolving cestode of ... The adult cestode produces eggs which are spread into the environment by the feces of the definitive host. This life cycle is ... Accidental infection of humans though, can occur when eggs are ingested from food or water contaminated with dog feces and the ... The infection with the metacestode larval form (coenurus) of T. serialis is called Coenurosis. When humans ingest these eggs ...
Infections by Bertiella are known as bertielliasis. Occasional human infections have been documented by one of two species: ... Bertiella is a genus of cestode tapeworm parasites that primarily infects nonhuman primates, rodents and Australian marsupials ... "FIRST CASE OF HUMAN INFECTION BY Bertiella studeri (Blanchard, 1891) Stunkard,1940 (Cestoda; Anoplocephalidae) IN BRAZIL". Rev ... "FIRST CASE OF HUMAN INFECTION BY Bertiella studeri (Blanchard, 1891) Stunkard,1940 (Cestoda; Anoplocephalidae) IN BRAZIL". Rev ...
... ovis to the development of similar vaccines against infection with the larval stages of other cestode parasites. This led to ... Infection & Immunity 72, 5292-5297. Gonzalez, A.E., Gauci, C.G., Barber, D., Gilman, R.H., Tsang, V.C., Garcia, H.H., ... Cestode vaccines: origins, current status and future prospects. Parasitology 133, S27-42. Yuan, R., Wu, H., Zeng, H., Liu, P., ... Subsequently he was a member of a team of scientists that developed a vaccine against Taenia ovis infection in sheep, the first ...
Cestodes have a dorso-ventrally flattened shape. Cestodes are segmented worms, and their bodies are divided into three distinct ... Infection with D. mansonoides in humans can result in sparganosis. Justus F. Mueller first reported this organism in 1935. D. ... The scolex is the head of the cestode, and it functions as a holdfast organ that is specialized to attach to intestines using a ... Cestodes also have sensory organs in the scolex that detect tactile stimulation. The sensory organs are attached to ...
Specifically predicting that: temporal variation might structure the cestode community, the most common cestode species in ... Seasonal patterns of infection of F. liguloides showed to have the highest prevalence in June and the lowest in December. ... A survey conducted at four sites in southern Spain found the total prevalence of cestode ranging from 45-89% in Artemia with 45 ... There was also no clear relationship between cestode and final host abundances. The gender of A. salina did not significantly ...
It is not uncommon in China, with some communities having a 5% or more infection rate. In Europe, it is considered an emerging ... Ammann RW, Eckert J (1996-09-01). "CESTODES: Echinococcus". Gastroenterology Clinics of North America. 25 (3): 655-689. doi: ... It is considered one of the most life-threatening helminthic infections humans can have. It is most prevalent in China, Eastern ... Rausch RL, Wilson JF, Schantz PM (June 1990). "A programme to reduce the risk of infection by Echinococcus multilocularis: the ...
... cestodes), and flukes (trematodes, such as schistosomes). Diseases caused by helminths are sometimes termed infestations, but ... Urinary tract infection Skin infection Respiratory tract infection Odontogenic infection (an infection that originates within a ... An infection that is inactive or dormant is called a latent infection. An example of a latent bacterial infection is latent ... Persistent infections occur because the body is unable to clear the organism after the initial infection. Persistent infections ...
... a cestode/tapeworm). Infection by the fish tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum is seen in countries where people eat raw or ... Infection risk of anisakis is particularly higher in fishes which may live in a river such as salmon (shake) in Salmonidae, ... Historically, parasite infection of humans eating raw fish has been rare in the developed world, though a 2020 meta-analysis of ... Parasite infections can impair the courtship dance of male threespine sticklebacks. When that happens, the females reject them ...
... a cestode/tapeworm). Infection risk of anisakis is particularly higher in fishes which may live in a river such as salmon (sake ... Parasite infection by raw fish is rare in the developed world (fewer than 40 cases per year in the U.S.[citation needed]), and ... In Japan it is common to eat raw salmon and ikura, but these foods are frozen overnight prior to eating to prevent infections ... Parasitic infections from freshwater fish are a serious problem in some parts of the world, particularly Southeast Asia.[ ...
... opportunistic infections secondary to decreased resistance (often the result of viral infections), or secondary to other ... Hydatidosis is caused by the cestode Echinococcus. It is observed in dogs, wild canids, foxes, etc. Due to its importance as a ... Infection can spread to humans. There are several fungal diseases that are systemic in nature, meaning they are affecting ... Generalized infections, most commonly seen in immunocompromised dogs, can be treated with oral antifungal drugs such as ...
Rosenthal P.J. Rosenthal, Philip J. "Invasive Cestode Infections." Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 Papadakis MA, ... Rosenthal P.J. Rosenthal, Philip J.Invasive Cestode Infections. In: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW, McQuaid KR. Papadakis M. ... Rosenthal P.J. Rosenthal, Philip J. (2023). Invasive cestode infections. Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW, McQuaid KR. ... Cysticercosis is due to tissue infection with cysts of T solium that develop after humans ingest food contaminated with eggs ...
What causes tapeworm infection? * What kinds of animals can give me tapeworms? ...
Praziquantel treatment in trematode and cestode infections: an update.. Jong-Yil Chai. Infection & Chemotherapy 2013 March ... In addition, larval cestode infections, particularly hydatid disease and sparganosis, are not successfully treated by ... Status and emerging issues in the use of praziquantel for treatment of human trematode and cestode infections are briefly ... However, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica infections are refractory to praziquantel, for which triclabendazole, an ...
"Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Niclosamide". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... "Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Praziquantel". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... Most infections (~80%) are asymptomatic. Infections may be long-lasting, persisting for many years or decades (up to 25 years) ... those who consume raw fish are at risk of infection. The infection is often asymptomatic and usually presents only with mild ...
Helminth infections induce strong type 2 cell-mediated immune responses, characterized among other things by production of high ... site of infection, or pathological mechanisms influencing macrophage biology. Here, we reviewed the recent advances from the ... laboratory mouse about macrophage origin, polarization, activation, and effector functions during parasitic helminth infection. ... Cestode Infections. The class Cestoda includes important zoonotic parasites of the family Taeniidae like Echinococcus sp. or ...
Giardiasis (1); Brucellosis (1); Leprosy (1); Whooping cough (1); Tetanus (1); Schistosomiasis (1); Other cestode infection (8 ...
Diphyllobothriasis is defined as human intestinal infection with the cestode Diphyllobothrium latum or other Diphyllobothrium ... Praziquantel treatment in trematode and cestode infections: an update. Infect Chemother. 2013 Mar. 45 (1):32-43. [QxMD MEDLINE ... Tapeworm Infections. Magill AJ, Hill DR, Solomon T, Ryan ET. Hunters Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Disease. Ninth ... Diagnosis of D latum infection is based on identification of the ovoid and operculated eggs in the stool with a typical knob on ...
Diphyllobothriasis is defined as human intestinal infection with the cestode Diphyllobothrium latum or other Diphyllobothrium ... Diphyllobothriasis is defined as human intestinal infection with the cestode D latum, D nihonkaiense, or other broad tapeworm ... 23] Such infection might account for infections with D latum in Brazil [24] and other tropical areas such as Taiwan [25] and ... Praziquantel treatment in trematode and cestode infections: an update. Infect Chemother. 2013 Mar. 45 (1):32-43. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
"Helminths: Cestode (tapeworm) infection: Albendazole". WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Parasitic Diseases - ... It is also given for infections by T. crassiceps.[8] Though praziquantel is often better at treating tapeworm infections, ... For T. saginata, T. solium, and T. crassiceps in humans[7][8] and Taenia infections in dogs[59]. ... For E. cuniculi infections (microsporidiosis) in humans and rabbits Giardia G. lamblia (causative agent of giardiasis) - Also ...
Cestode Infections [C03.335.190]. *Taeniasis [C03.335.190.902]. Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is related to " ... The epidemiology of human Taenia solium infections: A systematic review of the distribution in Eastern and Southern Africa. ...
Categories: Cestode Infections Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted ...
We analysed cestode infection in brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in northern (Atacama) and central Chile and compared them to ... no cestode infection was detected in central Chile, likely because they are temporary wetlands. Parasites of flamingos and ... and distribution of cestodes. Cestode prevalence was higher in larger wetlands but was not related to the sex of either ... We recorded a greater taxonomic richness at the cestode family level in Atacama, but a greater dominance of a single family of ...
Learn about Quick Facts Infections symptoms, diagnosis and treatment in the Merck Manual. HCP and Vet versions too! ... Parasitic Infections: Cestodes (Tapeworms) * Tapeworm Infection * What are tapeworms? * What causes tapeworm infection? * What ... Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) * Overview of Sexually Transmitted Infections * What are sexual transmitted infections ( ... Infections Related to Tuberculosis (TB) * What is a MAC infection? * MAC infections of the lungs ...
Invaded invaders: Infection of invasive Brown Treesnakes on Guam by an exotic larval cestode with a life cycle comprised of non ... Google Analytics Dashboard for Invaded invaders: Infection of invasive Brown Treesnakes on Guam by an exotic larval cestode ...
Fish tapeworm infection is an intestinal infection with a parasite found in fish. ... Fish tapeworm infection is an intestinal infection with a parasite found in fish. ... Tapeworms (cestodes). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennetts Principles and Practice of ... Fish tapeworm infection is an intestinal infection with a parasite found in fish. ...
Members of the genus Bertiella are cestodes (tapeworms) of non-human primates in nature. Human infections are uncommon. ...
a genus of tapeworm of Diphyllobothriidae; found in fish; larval form is SPARGANUM; infection: coord IM with CESTODE INFECTIONS ... Infection in man is caused by eating undercooked fish. The larval form is called SPARGANUM.. Terms. Spirometra Preferred Term ... Infection in man is caused by eating undercooked fish. The larval form is called SPARGANUM.. Registry Number. txid46580. ...
Almeida, F.; Caldas, R.; Corre, C.; Rodriguez- Silva, R.; Siqueira, N.; Machado-Silva, J.R. Co-infection of the cestode ... Sato, H.; Okamato, M.; Ohbayashi, M.; Basanez, M.G. A new cestode, Raillietina (Raillietina) oligocapsultata n. sp. and R. ... Meireles, M.V.; Soares, R.M.; Bonello, F.; Gennari, S.M. Natural infection with zoonotic subtype of Cryptosporidium parvum in ... Harwell, G.M.; Davis, D.S.; Robinson, R.M.; Galvin, T.J. Experimental infection of Collared Peccary (Dioctyles tajacu angulatus ...
The DDDs are based on the treatment of different nematode infections e.g. ascariasis (roundworm) and hookworm infections. ... The anthelmintics are subdivided according to the main type of worms (i.e. trematodes, nematodes and cestodes) causing the ... infections.. P02C ANTINEMATODAL AGENTS. This group comprises drugs mainly used for nematode infections.. ...
For CPEP this includes dogs assessed as high risk for developing GI cestode and nematode infections (eg, hunting dogs, access ... The dog in this case had no travel history off the property, and the most likely source of infection was an infected rodent, ... Dogs with intestinal E multilocularis infection can be a source of zoonotic risk for humans. This can occur through human ... In contrast to enteric E multilocularis infections that are readily treated with praziquantel, therapy of AE in dogs is costly ...
Ito A, Craig PS: Immunodiagnostic and molecular approaches for the detection of taeniid cestode infections. Trends Parasitol. ... Human taeniasis results from intestinal infection with the adult tapeworms Taenia saginata, Taenia asiatica or Taenia solium. ... Bowles J., McManus DP: Genetic characterization of the Asian Taenia, a newly described Taeniid cestode of Humans. Am J Trop Med ... Fan PC, Chung WC, Lin CY, Wu CC: Experimental infection of Thailand Taenia (Chiengmai strain) in domestic animals. Int J ...
Macroparasites[9] (worms or helminths) including nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, tapeworms (cestodes), and ... An infection that is inactive or dormant is called a latent infection.[51] An example of a latent bacterial infection is latent ... Viral infection Bacterial infection Typical symptoms In general, viral infections are systemic. This means they involve many ... Chain of infection; the chain of events that lead to infection. There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, ...
Cestode Infections; Proteome; Adaptation, Physiological; Conserved Sequence; Genes, Helminth; Genes, Homeobox; HSP70 Heat-Shock ...
Anthelminthic drugs classification, mechanism of action & Drugs used in the treatment of Cestode infections March 19, 2023. ...
Echinococcus granulosus: Different cytokine profiles are induced by single versus multiple experimental infections in dogs. ... Echinococcus granulosus: Different cytokine profiles are induced by single versus multiple experimental infections in dogs. ... Differentiating Taenia solium and Taenia saginata infections by simple hematoxylin-eosin staining and PCR-restriction enzyme ...
Nematode (12.8%), cestode (1.8%), trematode (0.9%), and acanthocephalan (2.7%) parasite infections were relevant. Mites (Acari ...
  • The anthelmintics are subdivided according to the main type of worms (i.e. trematodes, nematodes and cestodes) causing the infections. (whocc.no)
  • Macroparasites [9] ( worms or helminths ) including nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms , tapeworms (cestodes), and flukes ( trematodes , such as schistosomes ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Parasitic cysts (i.e., larval forms of acanthocephalans, cestodes and nematodes) and free helminths (i.e., adult nematodes and digeneans) were morphologically and molecularly identified, and statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the correlations between reptiles, infections, and ecological settings. (bvsalud.org)
  • Milpro tablets contain milbemycin oxime, a nematode neurotransmission inhibitor, leading to paralysis of gastrointestinal nematodes and their subsequent expulsion, as well as praziquantel, a cestocide that interferes with muscular calcium metabolism of cestodes, leading to muscular contraction in these parasites and their expulsion or death. (virbac.com)
  • roundworms (nematodes), flatworms or flukes (trematodes), and tapeworms (cestodes). (fsai.ie)
  • Helminths include nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms), and trematodes (flukes). (medscape.com)
  • infected, resulting in damage to organism, which highlighted the Fish-borne zoonotic parasitic diseases include cestodes, zoonotic importance of this genus that belongs to Anisakidae trematodes and nematodes that infect humans by means of family (Vidal-Martinez et al. (bvsalud.org)
  • Anisakidae (nematodes) infection by Eustrongylides sp. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fish-borne, zoonotic cestodes (Diphyllobotrium and relatives) in cold clilmates: A never-ending story of neglected and (re)-emergent parasites. (medscape.com)
  • Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Multiple infections were common, which showed a positive correlation between most of the parasites except Anomotaenia sp. (academicjournals.org)
  • Six species of Cestodes parasites were identified from the intestine of the infected chickens. (edu.pk)
  • Both fresh water and salt water fish are a potential source of human infection with parasites. (fsai.ie)
  • Infection in humans is associated with the consumption of fish containing live parasites. (fsai.ie)
  • What are the human health effects of infection with fish parasites? (fsai.ie)
  • Parasites causing intestinal infections in humans include protozoa and helminths. (medscape.com)
  • Praziquantel treatment in trematode and cestode infections: an update. (qxmd.com)
  • Status and emerging issues in the use of praziquantel for treatment of human trematode and cestode infections are briefly reviewed. (qxmd.com)
  • Zoonotic trematode (brachylaimiasis) and cestode (rodentoleposis) infections have been reported from semi-arid environments. (cgrb.org)
  • The infection is often asymptomatic and usually presents only with mild symptoms, which may include gastrointestinal complaints, weight loss, and fatigue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most infections (~80%) are asymptomatic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most infections with diphyllobothriasis are asymptomatic. (medscape.com)
  • however, the infection is generally asymptomatic. (medscape.com)
  • The severity of the acute infection widely varies, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe tissue destruction. (medscape.com)
  • According to the World Health Organisation, "early and light infections often pass unnoticed, as they are asymptomatic or only scarcely symptomatic. (fsai.ie)
  • Since praziquantel was first introduced as a broadspectrum anthelmintic in 1975, innumerable articles describing its successful use in the treatment of the majority of human-infecting trematodes and cestodes have been published. (qxmd.com)
  • Praziquantel can also be used against other helminth infections, such as most foodborne trematodes and cestodes. (who.int)
  • Diphyllobothriasis is the infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium (commonly D. latum and D. nihonkaiense). (wikipedia.org)
  • Diphyllobothriasis is caused by infection by several species of the Diphyllobothrium genus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diphyllobothriasis is defined as human intestinal infection with the cestode D latum, D nihonkaiense, or other broad tapeworm species. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, infection with larval stages of Taeniids remains an important zoonotic problem. (hindawi.com)
  • Cysticercosis is due to tissue infection with cysts of T solium that develop after humans ingest food contaminated with eggs from human feces, thus acting as an intermediate host for the parasite. (mhmedical.com)
  • Anti-parasitic treatment of neglected tropical diseases caused by cestodes such as echinococcosis and cysticercosis relies on a small number of approved anthelmintic drugs. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is used in relatively high doses in the treatment of the cestode infections cysticercosis and echinococcosis (hydatid disease). (epharmacyke.com)
  • Between February 2018 and January 2019, 76 chickens were examined for Cestodes infection. (edu.pk)
  • Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to azithromycin and Versteria Species Infection in ceftriaxone in China: a retrospective study of national surveillance data from 2013 to 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • http://dx.doi.org/ identity to a Versteria species of cestode found in mink. (cdc.gov)
  • Type 2 cell-mediated immunity is a general feature of helminth infection regardless of the multivariate sites of colonization of the numerous helminth species [ 11 ] and is conserved from jawed fish to mammals [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency is reported more frequently in D latum infections than with other species. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we described the full repertoire of sirtuin-encoding genes in several cestode species. (bvsalud.org)
  • are the Cestode species that have been found. (edu.pk)
  • The clinical manifestations depend on the infecting species and include gastroenteritis, involvement of the eyes, or disseminated infection. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Parasitic infections found in red panda-the shy and charismatic endangered mammal species-could be a major cause of its health, a recent study shows. (kathmandupost.com)
  • The most common flatworms or flukes involved in human infection are liver fluke worms belonging to the family Opisthorchiidae and some species of intestinal fluke worms belonging to the Heterophyidae and Echinostomatidae families. (fsai.ie)
  • methods, increase of raw seafood consumption, and growth in The most involved species in human infection are Pseudoterranova the international market of fish (New et al. (bvsalud.org)
  • Diphyllobothrium pacificum infection is seldom associated with megaloblastic anemia. (medscape.com)
  • Four human cases of Diphyllobothrium latum infection. (medscape.com)
  • NT005 trade name] can also be used, alone or in combination with other medicines, for the control of soil- transmitted helminthiasis (ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections) through mass drug administration programmes. (who.int)
  • Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hookworm infections , [13] including cutaneous larva migrans caused by hookworms of genus Ancylostoma . (wikipedia.org)
  • Albendazole may be effective in the treatment of the tissue nematode infections cutaneous larva migrans, toxocariasis, and trichinosis and, with other anthelmintics, in the management of the filarial nematode infection lymphatic filariasis. (epharmacyke.com)
  • Helminth infections induce strong type 2 cell-mediated immune responses, characterized among other things by production of high levels of interleukin- (IL-) 4 and IL-13. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies on mouse models of helminth infections have provided essential findings towards understanding type 2 immunity induction as well as its effector functions [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections remain the most prevalent parasitic infections in the world. (who.int)
  • The burden of disease associated with schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections is enormous. (who.int)
  • Japan, Oman, the Republic of Korea, and Seychelles have eliminated the public health consequences of soil-transmitted helminth infections. (who.int)
  • Based on the positive experience from countries that have implemented appropriate control measures, on accumulated scientific evidence, and on a broad consensus of key partners, WHO has defined a simple and comprehensive package to reduce the public health impact of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections. (who.int)
  • High- risk groups for soil-transmitted helminth infections are women of child-bearing age and children. (who.int)
  • BACKGROUND: Squamate reptiles cohabiting with companion animals may represent a source of helminth infections, especially through predation by dogs and cats with an outdoor lifestyle. (bvsalud.org)
  • [8] Though praziquantel is often better at treating tapeworm infections, albendazole is used more often in endemic countries due to being cheaper and having a broader spectrum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fish tapeworm infection is an intestinal infection with a parasite found in fish. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The drug of choice for tapeworm infections is praziquantel. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Tapeworm infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic neurological infection caused by the ingestion of larvae from the adult tapeworm Taenia solium . (bmj.com)
  • Overview of Tapeworm Infections Tapeworms (cestodes) are flat, parasitic worms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Niclosamide is a teniacide ("tenia-" referring to tapeworm) in the Anthelmintic family especially effecive against cestodes that infect humans. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
  • Human infections caused by fish tapeworm are most commonly caused by the genus Diphylloborothrium . (fsai.ie)
  • certain localized infections - see body system-related chapters infectious and parasitic diseases complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium [except obstetrical tetanus] (O98. (who.int)
  • [4] The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious diseases . (wikipedia.org)
  • Diseases caused by helminths are sometimes termed infestations, but are sometimes called infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is stressed that while anthelmintics are a drug familiy used to treat worm infections, Niclosamde is used specifically to treat tapeworms and is not effective against worms such as pinworms or roundworms. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
  • From a human infection perspective, the most common roundworms are from the family of Anisakidae and include Anisakis spp. (fsai.ie)
  • Human taeniasis results from intestinal infection with the adult tapeworms Taenia saginata , Taenia asiatica or Taenia solium . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taeniasis is closely attributed to Cestode infections in his research. (research.com)
  • [ 2 , 3 , 4 ] Humans are the definitive host, infected by ingestion of raw fish containing the larval forms of the cestode that evolve into the adult worm finally residing in the intestines. (medscape.com)
  • Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus TAENIA (primarily T. solium in humans). (wakehealth.edu)
  • In Kenya albendazole is used in the treatment of single and mixed intestinal nematode infections including ascariasis, enterobiasis, hookworm, strongyloidiasis, and trichuriasis. (epharmacyke.com)
  • In addition, larval cestode infections, particularly hydatid disease and sparganosis, are not successfully treated by praziquantel. (qxmd.com)
  • In 2009, an alveolar hydatid cyst, the intermediate stage of the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis , was detected in the liver of a dog from Quesnel, British Columbia (BC), Canada ( 1 ), 600 km west of the nearest known record of this parasite in central North America ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
  • Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia. (harvard.edu)
  • Members of the genus Bertiella are cestodes (tapeworms) of non-human primates in nature. (cdc.gov)
  • The DDDs are based on the treatment of different nematode infections e.g. ascariasis (roundworm) and hookworm infections. (whocc.no)
  • The usual dose for adults and children aged 2 years or over with ascariasis, enterobiasis, hookworm infections, or trichuriasis is 400 mg as a single dose. (epharmacyke.com)
  • Rosenthal P.J. Rosenthal, Philip J. Invasive Cestode Infections. (mhmedical.com)
  • Ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae , of an invasive cestode infection. (cdc.gov)
  • As an example, the intestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus produces a TGF- β mimic during its invasive stages causing the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in mice [ 9 ], a T cell subset that controls immunity in infection, allergy, and autoimmunity [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • NT005 trade name] is indicated for the treatment of Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus infections before or after surgery or where surgery is not suitable. (who.int)
  • salmonella foodborne intoxication and infection (A02. (who.int)
  • Second intermediate hosts do not serve as an important source of infection of humans as these are not regularly consumed raw. (wikipedia.org)
  • and dermatophytes , a group of organisms causing infection of skin and other superficial structures in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica infections are refractory to praziquantel, for which triclabendazole, an alternative drug, is necessary. (qxmd.com)
  • Cestodes (tapeworms), as an alternative to praziquantel or niclosamide for adult beef tapewormss and as an alternative to praziquantel for pork tapeworms . (wikipedia.org)
  • Women and adolescent girls are likely to bear a particular burden of iron deficiency anaemia due to hookworm infections as they are generally more heavily infected and more prone to anaemia. (who.int)
  • Parasitic infections due to protozoa and helminths are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chronic irreversible sequelae, such as liver fibrosis, urinary tract obstruction and bladder cancer, become apparent in schistosomiasis during adulthood, as a result of persistent heavy infections during childhood. (who.int)
  • Despite these encouraging results, control of schistosomiasis and helminths is still weak or even nonexistent in many countries in which the infections are highly endemic. (who.int)
  • Schistosomiasis remains a parasitic infection of public health importance especially in Africa south of the Sahara including Cameroon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Parasitic helminths generally induce strong type 2 immunity that normally controls parasite infection and is characterized by production of type 2 cytokines like interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-5, and IL-13 by innate cells (group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages) and CD4 + T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
  • An important aspect about type 2 cell-mediated responses against parasitic helminths is that they are induced for controlling parasite infection but they also mediate the tolerance of parasite persistence [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The study concludes that heavy infestation has a negative impact on the physical health of chickens and points to the need to control Cestodes parasite infection in order to reduce mortality and increase poultry yield. (edu.pk)
  • For discussions of these infections and their treatment, see under Choice of Anthelmintic, and under the individual headings below. (epharmacyke.com)
  • human infection is caused by ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked fish infected with the plerocercoid larva. (en-academic.com)
  • Food chains occurring in a range of Australian ecosystems and environments, some associated with feeding arthropods, others with accidental ingestion of invertebrates, may result in human exposure and infection. (cgrb.org)
  • Both infections are caused by the ingestion of infected fleas. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
  • An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens , their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens , most prominently bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
  • Infections in ICD10 have combined coding requirements for some of their pathogens . (kuality.ca)
  • Escherichia coli infection (A04.0-A04.4) listeriosis (A32. (who.int)
  • Viral infections, including Newcastle disease (ND), constitute a major health problem in the rapidly growing poultry industry of Nepal. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
  • As bacterial and viral infections can both cause the same kinds of symptoms, it can be difficult to distinguish which is the cause of a specific infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • [12] Distinguishing the two is important, since viral infections cannot be cured by antibiotics whereas bacterial infections can. (wikipedia.org)
  • In general, viral infections are systemic. (wikipedia.org)
  • D. latum infection has been shown to cause local changes in the host, leading to altered GI function (including motility) via neuroendocrine modulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis of D latum infection is based on identification of the ovoid and operculated eggs in the stool with a typical knob on the end opposite the operculum. (medscape.com)
  • Some infected sam- ples (70/486) showed double or triple infections and G. lamblia was combined with Hymenolepis nana, Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba histolytica and Iodamoeba buetschlii. (who.int)
  • Antibody prevalence rates up to 10% are recognized in some endemic areas, and the infection is one of the most important causes of seizures in the developing world and in immigrants to the United States from endemic countries. (mhmedical.com)
  • Infection with T. solium is therefore a serious public health problem, notably in endemic areas (Latin America, Africa, Asia), but also in non-endemic areas due to imported cases [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By far, the greatest impact is on residents of resource-limited tropical areas with poor sanitation, but parasitic infections are encountered in resource-rich countries with adequate sanitation systems among immigrants and travelers returning from endemic regions and, on occasion, even among residents who have not traveled, particularly those with HIV infection or other conditions that cause immunodeficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Such evolution may be explained by different phenomena, the most evident being that many helminths undertake specific multiorgan migratory trajectories before reaching their final destination such as the lung, intestine, liver, or blood vessels where they can persist and cause chronic infections. (hindawi.com)
  • The infection may be subacute or chronic, and the severity of symptoms depends on the severity of the host immune response and the location and number of lesions. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Early in the chronic stage of infection, the heart size may be normal or only slightly enlarged, although massive enlargement can occur later. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic infections are invariably associated with severe morbidity [ illness ]. (fsai.ie)
  • The epidemiology of human Taenia solium infections: A systematic review of the distribution in Eastern and Southern Africa. (harvard.edu)
  • Human infections are uncommon. (cdc.gov)
  • Arthropods such as ticks , mites , fleas , and lice , can also cause human disease, which conceptually are similar to infections, but invasion of a human or animal body by these macroparasites is usually termed infestation . (wikipedia.org)
  • Protozoa can multiply in their human hosts, increasing in number to cause overwhelming infection. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Human disease is mainly limited to people who have HIV infection or another severe immunocompromising condition. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Albendazole Zentel in Kenya is given by mouth, usually as a single dose, in the treatment of single or mixed intestinal nematode infections/worms . (epharmacyke.com)
  • Since Albendazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract at the usual therapeutic doses, adverse effects have generally been restricted to gastrointestinal disturbances, such as transient abdominal pain and diarrhoea, and have tended to occur in patients being treated for heavy intestinal infection. (epharmacyke.com)
  • Indirect morbidity is particularly important in children, ranging from malnutrition, anaemia, growth retardation, irritability and cognitive impairment, as well as increased susceptibility to other infections and acute complications such as intestinal obstruction due to roundworm. (who.int)
  • The characteristics of protozoan and helminthic infections vary in important ways. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Low Cure Rates in Controlled Trials of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • [1] An infectious disease , also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease , is an illness resulting from an infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • An infection is not synonymous with an infectious disease, as some infections do not cause illness in a host. (wikipedia.org)