Apiaceae
Coumarins
Plant Extracts
Chiropractic
Manipulation, Chiropractic
Hospital Shared Services
Vitamin A
Research
Vitamin D
Anti-allergic effects of cnidii monnieri fructus (dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri) and its major component, osthol. (1/10)
Anti-allergic effects (types I and IV) of the 70% ethanol extract (CM-ext) obtained from Cnidii Monnieri Fructus (dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri) were investigated on 48 h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis and picryl chloride (PC)-induced contact dermatitis in experimental animals. CM-ext showed inhibitory effects on these allergic models. Osthol isolated from CM-ext also had the inhibitory effects. These results suggested that Cnidii Monnieri Fructus might be useful as an agent for allergic diseases and that its anti-allergic effect was partially attributable to a coumarin derivative, osthol. (+info)Total coumarins from fruits of Cnidium monnieri inhibit formation and differentiation of multinucleated osteoclasts of rats. (2/10)
AIM: To determine the effects of TCFC (total comarins from the fruits of Cnidium monnieri) on the activity of osteoclasts in vitro. METHODS: Osteoclasts isolated from rat marrow cells were co-cultured with osteoblasts under the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamine D3. The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain was used to identify osteoclast morphology. The activity of TRAP was measured by p-nitrophenyl sodium phosphate assay. The resorption pit area on the bone slices formed by osteoclasts was measured by computer image processing. Calcium concentration in the medium of co-culture of bone slices and osteoclasts was determined by atomic absorption spectra. RESULTS: TCFC 2.5-25 mg/L inhibited osteoclast formation and differentiation. TCFC 0.25-25 mg/L inhibited TRAP activity of osteoclasts and TCFC 25 mg/L decreased the TRAP activity by 26.3 % and 24.1 % after 48 h and 72 h, respectively. TCFC 25 mg/L decreased the osteoclastic bone resorption pit area by 25.05 % and Ca2+ release from bone slices by 41.73 %. CONCLUSION: TCFC reduced the bone lose by decreasing the osteoclast formation, its TRAP activity, and osteoclastic bone resorption. (+info)Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Cnidium officinale MAKINO inhibits neuronal cell death by reduction of excessive nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat hippocampal slice cultures and microglia cells. (3/10)
In the present work, we found that the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Cnidium officinale MAKINO (COEA) decreased nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 and primary microglia and suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in BV-2 cells with the same pattern of NO production. In addition, we showed that excessive NO production played an important role in neuronal cell death in LPS-treated rat hippocampal slice cultures. Our data suggest that the COEA inhibits neuronal cell death by reduction of excessive NO production in LPS-treated rat hippocampal slice cultures. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of C. officinale reduced propidium iodide uptake and NO production in cultured media at the same time. (+info)Enemy-free space maintains swallowtail butterfly host shift. (4/10)
Natural enemies can be significant sources of mortality for herbivorous insects and therefore important agents of natural selection. One might expect selection to favor herbivores that escape from their natural enemies into enemy-free space. Although this is an appealing idea, it has received little empirical support, and no studies have documented enemy-free space as part of a nonagricultural, nonartificial host shift. The Alaskan swallowtail butterfly, Papilio machaon aliaska, uses as host plants a species in the family Apiaceae (Cnidium cnidiifolium) along with two Asteraceae species (Artemisia arctica and Petasites frigidus). I analyzed growth and survival of P. m. aliaska larvae in the field on the three host plants in treatments that either exposed or protected them from predators. I found that, in the presence of predators, larval survival is greater on the novel hosts (Asteraceae) than on the ancestral host (Apiaceae), but that in the absence of predators survival and growth are greater on the ancestral host. These results are a demonstration of enemy-free space as a mechanism for maintaining a naturally occurring host shift. (+info)Comparison of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography on fingerprint of Cnidium monnieri. (5/10)
In our studies, micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) was employed in fingerprint analysis of Cnidium monnieri for the first time. Average chromatography of 10 batches Cnidium monnieri from Jiangsu province, China, which have long been considered as the original and genuine herbal medicine, was first established as the characteristic fingerprint. Within 25 min the major effective components were separated by 18 mM borate, 12 mM phosphate and 50 mM SDS (pH 9.2) containing 20% methanol. The relative standard deviations of migration times and peak areas were less than 5%. As a new approach of fingerprint, MKCE was compared to the conventional approach-HPLC in our experiments. The fingerprint developed by HPLC comprised 8 peaks that were collected within 40 min. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of retention times of corresponding peaks in HPLC analysis were very small (maximum 3% and average 0.9%). In conclusion, each two methods had its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, besides HPLC, MEKC as a feasible method, could be used in the development of fingerprint of Cnidium monnieri. (+info)Therapeutic effect of osthole on hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats. (6/10)
AIM: To study the effects of osthole on hyperlipidemic fatty liver and investigate the possible mechanisms. METHODS: A rat model with hyperlipidemic fatty liver was successfully established by feeding fatty milk for 6 weeks. The experimental rats were then treated with 5-20 mg/kg osthole for 6 weeks. The mouse hyperlipidemic model was induced by feeding fatty milk when they were treated with 10-20 mg/kg osthole for 3 weeks. RESULTS: After treatment with osthole, the levels of rat serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol significantly decreased as compared with the fatty liver model group (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Hepatic weight and its coefficient, the hepatic tissue contents of TC, TG, and malondialdehyde, also significantly decreased (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). In fatty milk-induced hyperlipidemic mice, the post-heparin plasma activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and total lipase (TL) significantly increased after treatment with 10-20 mg/kg osthole for 3 weeks (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Importantly, the histological evaluation of rat liver demonstrated that osthole dramatically decreased lipid accumulation (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: Osthole was found to have therapeutic effects on fatty milk-induced rat fatty liver; the mechanisms might be associated with its anti-oxidation and the elevation of the activities of LPL and HL. (+info)Molecular identification of "Chuanxiong" by nucleotide sequence and multiplex single base extension analysis on chloroplast trnK gene. (7/10)
Chloroplast trnK gene sequences of Cnidium officinale and Ligusticum chuanxiong were determined to establish an effective method for identifying Japanese Senkyu and Chinese Chuanxiong, the two which have the same drug name in Chinese characters, similar external feature, but different botanical origins. Three sites of nucleotide differences were found between these 2 species at positions 767,924 and 964 from upstream in trnK gene sequence, allowing molecular identification of the two plants and crude drugs. Further, three kinds of specific primers of 14 mer, 23 mer and 30 mer long were designed to detect these 3 sites of marker nucleotides. By using multiplex single base extension (MSBE) analysis with the 3 specific primers, C. officinale and L. chuanxiong could be distinguished clearly by the electrophoretograms, where 3 peaks with different color of ddTMP, ddCMP and ddTMP were observed in case of C. officinale and those of ddGMP, ddAMP and ddGMP in L. chuanxiong. Moreover, trnK gene sequence of "Dongxiong," a kind of Chuanxiong cultivated in Northeast China, suggested that its botanical origin was C. officinale. (+info)Enhanced antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in combination with HemoHIM in tumor-bearing mice. (8/10)
(+info)Cnidium is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae, also known as Umbelliferae. The name Cnidium may refer to several different plant species, but the one that is most commonly associated with medical use is Cnidium monnieri (also known as Monnier's snowparsley or She Chuang Zi).
Cnidium monnieri has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries to treat a variety of conditions, including skin diseases, fungal infections, and sexual dysfunction. The active components of the plant are thought to include coumarins, osthole, and imperatorin, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
However, it is important to note that while some studies suggest that Cnidium monnieri may have potential health benefits, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety. Additionally, Cnidium monnieri supplements and extracts can interact with certain medications and may cause side effects, so it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using them.
Apiaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as Umbelliferae. It includes aromatic herbs and vegetables such as carrots, parsley, celery, fennel, and dill. The plants in this family are characterized by their umbrella-shaped clusters of flowers (umbels) and hollow stems. Some members of Apiaceae contain toxic compounds, so caution should be taken when identifying and consuming wild plants from this family.
Diynes are organic compounds that contain two carbon-carbon triple bonds in their molecular structure. The general chemical formula for diynes is R-C≡C-C≡C-R, where R can be a hydrogen atom or any organic group. Diynes are important building blocks in organic synthesis and have been used to create complex molecules, nanomaterials, and pharmaceuticals. They are also of interest in materials science due to their unique electronic properties and potential applications in optoelectronics and photonics.
Antipruritics are a class of medications or substances that are used to relieve or prevent itching (pruritus). They work by reducing the sensation of itchiness and can be applied topically to the skin, taken orally, or administered intravenously. Some common antipruritics include diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, and corticosteroids.
Coumarins are a class of organic compounds that occur naturally in certain plants, such as sweet clover and tonka beans. They have a characteristic aroma and are often used as fragrances in perfumes and flavorings in food products. In addition to their use in consumer goods, coumarins also have important medical applications.
One of the most well-known coumarins is warfarin, which is a commonly prescribed anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger. Warfarin works by inhibiting the activity of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver, which helps to prolong the time it takes for blood to clot.
Other medical uses of coumarins include their use as anti-inflammatory agents and antimicrobial agents. Some coumarins have also been shown to have potential cancer-fighting properties, although more research is needed in this area.
It's important to note that while coumarins have many medical uses, they can also be toxic in high doses. Therefore, it's essential to use them only under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.
Chiropractic is a health care profession that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders of the neuromusculoskeletal system, with an emphasis on the spine. Chiropractors use manual therapies, including spinal manipulation and adjustment, to realign the spine and improve function, reduce pain, and promote overall health and well-being.
The primary goal of chiropractic care is to correct subluxations, or misalignments of the vertebrae in the spine, which can cause nerve interference and affect the body's natural ability to heal itself. Chiropractors may also use other therapies such as exercise, nutrition counseling, and lifestyle modifications to help patients achieve optimal health and wellness.
Chiropractic is a drug-free and non-surgical approach to healthcare that is recognized by major regulatory bodies around the world. It has been shown to be effective for a wide range of conditions, including back pain, neck pain, headaches, and other musculoskeletal disorders.
Chiropractic manipulation, also known as spinal manipulative therapy, is a technique used by chiropractors to realign misaligned vertebrae in the spine (subluxations) with the goal of improving function, reducing nerve irritation, and alleviating pain. This technique involves using controlled force, direction, amplitude, and velocity to move joints beyond their passive range of motion but within their physiological limits. The purpose is to restore normal joint motion and function, which can help reduce pain and improve overall health and well-being. It is commonly used to treat musculoskeletal conditions such as low back pain, neck pain, and headaches.
I couldn't find a medical definition for "Hospital Shared Services" as it is more related to hospital administration and management. Here's a definition from a healthcare management perspective:
Hospital Shared Services refer to centralized support services that are shared between different departments or hospitals within a healthcare system. These services can include areas such as:
1. Clinical engineering: Management of medical equipment, maintenance, and repair services.
2. Laboratory services: Centralized laboratory testing and analysis.
3. Radiology and imaging services: Consolidation of radiology and imaging services for improved efficiency and quality.
4. Sterile processing services: Centralization of sterilization and decontamination of medical instruments and supplies.
5. Food and nutrition services: Shared kitchen, meal planning, and delivery services.
6. Environmental services: Shared housekeeping, laundry, and waste management services.
7. Biomedical waste management: Handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous medical waste.
8. Information technology (IT) services: Centralized IT infrastructure, support, and data management.
9. Human resources: Shared HR functions such as recruitment, training, and benefits administration.
10. Financial services: Shared accounting, billing, and revenue cycle management.
The goal of Hospital Shared Services is to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, enhance quality, and standardize processes across the healthcare system.
Spinal manipulation is a manual therapy technique often used in the practice of chiropractic, osteopathic medicine, and physical therapy. It involves applying controlled force to the spinal joints, usually through quick and precise thrusting movements. The goal of this technique is to improve mobility and range of motion in the spine, reduce pain and muscle tension, and promote overall function of the nervous system. Spinal manipulation may also be used to treat various conditions such as low back pain, neck pain, headaches, and other musculoskeletal disorders. It is important to note that spinal manipulation should only be performed by licensed healthcare professionals with proper training and expertise in this technique.
Medical Definition of Vitamin A:
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal vision, immune function, and cell growth. It is also an antioxidant that helps protect the body's cells from damage caused by free radicals. Vitamin A can be found in two main forms: preformed vitamin A, which is found in animal products such as dairy, fish, and meat, particularly liver; and provitamin A carotenoids, which are found in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, and vegetable oils.
The most active form of vitamin A is retinoic acid, which plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness, dry skin, and increased susceptibility to infections. Chronic vitamin A toxicity can cause nausea, dizziness, headaches, coma, and even death.
Research, in the context of medicine, is a systematic and rigorous process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information in order to increase our understanding, develop new knowledge, or evaluate current practices and interventions. It can involve various methodologies such as observational studies, experiments, surveys, or literature reviews. The goal of medical research is to advance health care by identifying new treatments, improving diagnostic techniques, and developing prevention strategies. Medical research is typically conducted by teams of researchers including clinicians, scientists, and other healthcare professionals. It is subject to ethical guidelines and regulations to ensure that it is conducted responsibly and with the best interests of patients in mind.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid that is crucial for the regulation of calcium and phosphate levels in the body, which are essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth. It can be synthesized by the human body when skin is exposed to ultraviolet-B (UVB) rays from sunlight, or it can be obtained through dietary sources such as fatty fish, fortified dairy products, and supplements. There are two major forms of vitamin D: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), which is found in some plants and fungi, and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), which is produced in the skin or obtained from animal-derived foods. Both forms need to undergo two hydroxylations in the body to become biologically active as calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the hormonally active form of vitamin D. This activated form exerts its effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) found in various tissues, including the small intestine, bone, kidney, and immune cells, thereby influencing numerous physiological processes such as calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, cell growth, and immune function.
Cnidium
Cnidium monnieri
Cnidium cnidiifolium
Depressaria pulcherrimella
Xanthotoxol
Agonopterix quadripunctata
List of Apiaceae genera
Lozotaenia cupidinana
Molopospermum
History of general anesthesia
Kadenia dubia
Hanaoka Seishū
Imperatorin
Miriam Rossi (chemist)
Osthol
Carminative
Monnieri
List of MeSH codes (B06)
Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe
Yunker
Potexvirus
List of Canadian plants by family A
Dit da jow
ExtenZe
List of virus species
Cnidium - Wikipedia
Chuan Xiong : sichuan lovage root : Sichuan lovage root, cnidium, chuanxiong root : Herbs : Rootdown.us
Cnidium Seed Extract - HerbaromaTrade
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Cnidium Monnieri Extract Osthole 98% Cas 484-12-8
Cnidium officinale can prevent osteoclastogenesis, bone loss in vivo
The First Report of Fusarium solani Causing Wilting in Cnidium officinale in Korea
Modern medical research has found that Cnidium extract has so many effects-JHD Ingredients - Ingredients Trader
PDF) TAXONOMY OF THE FAMILY CARROT (APIACEAE LINDLEY 1836) IN MONGOLIA
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Officinale3
- Researchers at Kyung Hee University in South Korea investigated the effects of an extract derived from Cnidium officinale (CR), locally known as chungkung, on bone resorption by osteoclasts. (alternativemedicine.news)
- Cnidium officinale is a perennial herb belonging to the family Umbelliferae. (online-rpd.org)
- Cnidium officinale Makino is a perennial crop that belongs to the Apiaceae family and it is used as a natural medicine in Asia. (online-rpd.org)
Scabrosa6
- The Zombie King roared, followed the direction of the big axe, reversed the handle ed pills containing cnidium and scabrosa of the axe, and back injury causing erectile dysfunction continued to chop towards his uncle. (kavithalu.in)
- You sat there motionless, not sure if she didn't want to talk ed pills containing cnidium and scabrosa to her, or fell asleep. (kavithalu.in)
- Damn, can you still play like ed pills containing cnidium and scabrosa this? (kavithalu.in)
- When it bounced back, Madam Qing's hands formed knives ed pills containing cnidium and scabrosa and cut them out continuously, as if she was holding two long knives in her hands, and cut them out continuously in the way of sharp knives. (kavithalu.in)
- The fluctuation is getting bigger and bigger, and it can actually ed pills containing cnidium and scabrosa affect the inside from the outside. (kavithalu.in)
- Each 2,000mg serving also contains the unique ingredients cnidium monnier, and xanthomelia scabrosa. (covenantspice.com)
Extract1
- In modern medical research, it has been found that Cnidium extract has a similar sex hormone-like effect, which can improve human immunity, promote human hematopoietic function, and protect the adrenal cortex. (ingredientstrader.com)
Coumarin2
- The osthol coumarin compound in Cnidium, seems to work like the polyphenols in those bitter herbs, roots, and foods. (1stchineseherbs.com)
- A coumarin isolated from Cnidium Monnier was proven in a well noted clinical study to help the muscles of the corpeous cavernous to relax which results in increased blood flow to the genital region. (vitamarket.net)
Cusson4
- Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson Cnidium silaifolium (Jacq. (wikipedia.org)
- Cnidium warburgii H.Wolff "Cnidium Cusson ex Juss. (wikipedia.org)
- Cnidium Cusson 1782 (3 spp. (researchgate.net)
- Cnidium Cusson 'Palleroputket' - 2 spp. (funet.fi)
Chuang Zi2
- Cnidium Fruit (She Chuang Zi) - Whole Form 1 lb. (1stchineseherbs.com)
- Cnidium monnieri seeds , also known as Monnier's snowparsley or She chuang zi, are native to warmer parts of Europe and Asia, particularly China and India. (josephflach.co.uk)
Ingredients2
- A: Cnidium supplements contains a proprietary blend of naturally sourced ingredients targeted to increase blood flow to your body -especially to your erection- as well as to elevate your endurance. (vigorlabs.com)
- Ingredients like Niacin, Yohimbe, Horny Goat Weed, and Cnidium work in synergy with White Willow to enhance your erection, while Rhodiola and Ginseng keep you going strong all night (or day) long. (vigorlabs.com)
Seeds1
- If you're looking to buy wholesale Cnidium monnieri seeds in bulk, fill out your contact details in our online form, and we'll be in touch soon. (josephflach.co.uk)
Fruit1
- Cnidium fruit has numerous active compounds. (1stchineseherbs.com)
Species1
- As of December 2022[update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: Cnidium bhutanicum M.F.Watson Cnidium cnidiifolium (Turcz. (wikipedia.org)
Plant1
- The cnidium monnieri plant has been used for thousands of years in Chinese medicine. (josephflach.co.uk)
Effects1
- Finally, Cnidium Chinensis extracts paraspinal methyl ether has anti-arrhythmic, vasodilating, and blood pressure lowering effects. (ingredientstrader.com)
Good1
- Cnidium is a Chinese herbal medicine with a long history of use and is considered by medical scientists to be good medicine for skin diseases and pruritus. (ingredientstrader.com)
Family1
- Cnidium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia and North America. (wikipedia.org)
Monnieri12
- Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson Cnidium silaifolium (Jacq. (wikipedia.org)
- Extracts of the fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson are well‑known as an effective herbal medicine for the treatment of pain in female genitalia and carbuncle. (nih.gov)
- However, there have been no studies on the apoptotic effects of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson (CME). (nih.gov)
- cnidium monnieri osthole 98% Cas. (extractspowder.com)
- pid=8796165 type="4" uid="21408" pname="cnidium monnieri osthole 98% Cas. (extractspowder.com)
- It is a calcium channel blocker, found in plants such as Cnidium monnieri, Angelica archangelica and Angelica pubescens. (extractspowder.com)
- Cnidium Monnieri (L.) Cuss. (healthylicious.co.uk)
- 10. Cytotoxic activity of coumarins from the fruits of Cnidium monnieri on leukemia cell lines. (nih.gov)
- Yohimbe Bark, Epimedium (also known as Horny Goat Weed), and Cnidium Monnieri from China help direct that extra blood to your erection. (adameve.com)
- Cnidium Monnieri (Cnidium Fruit) is an annual herb native to China, and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to treat a variety of diseases. (kamedis.com.ph)
- Modern science has shown Cnidium Monnieri to be effective as an anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial agent, and it has even been proven to reduce itching. (kamedis.com.ph)
- Osthole, an active constituent of Cnidium monnieri (L.) CUSSON, has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects and may promote neural stem cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
Monnier4
- Each 2,000mg serving also contains the unique ingredients cnidium monnier, and xanthomelia scabrosa. (covenantspice.com)
- Cnidium Monnier allows erections to be sustained longer by increasing nitric oxide release and inhibiting PDE-5. (illpumpyouup.com)
- Cnidium Monnier - increases nitric oxide release and inhibits PDE-5, allowing erections to be sustained for longer periods of time. (illpumpyouup.com)
- Cnidium monnier Extract The dilation of blood vessels and anti-arrhythmic effect. (ie-extract.com)
Chuan xiong1
- Cnidium root (Chuan xiong), Bulrushes (Pu huang), Tang-kuei root (Dang gui), Somalisa myrrh (Mo yao), Red peony root (Chi shao), Pteropus (Wu ling zhi). (evergreenhealthherbs.com)
Tang1
- Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang, also known as Cnidium and Bulrush Combination dispels stagnant blood from the lower abdomen, warms the meridians, and helps with abdominal pain. (evergreenhealthherbs.com)
Root1
- Therefore, in this study, we tried to solve the problem occurring during continuous cropping in an environmental-friendly way by developing a biological control agent (BCA) against Fusariumsolani , which is known as the causal agent of root rot of Cnidium Rhizoma. (amc-2023.org)
Herb1
- Cnidium is not the most effectively know Chinese herb to raise libido but its a person of the most productive. (brutalbands.net)
Inhibits1
- At the exact time, Cnidium inhibits PDE-5 (just like male manufactured medication) which can prevent an erection from using location. (brutalbands.net)
APIACEAE1
- Cnidium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia and North America. (wikipedia.org)
Plants1
- As of December 2022[update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: Cnidium bhutanicum M.F.Watson Cnidium cnidiifolium (Turcz. (wikipedia.org)
China1
- According to WebMD [3] , Cnidium is native plant to China. (consumerhealthdigest.com)
Common1
- it is common to combine cnidium with zedoaria and sparganium in treatment of abdominal masses. (itmonline.org)