Coffea
Coffee
Chlorogenic Acid
Indian Ocean Islands
Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos: photosynthetic ability and growth of different stage embryos. (1/125)
Coffea arabusta somatic embryos were cultured and development of stomata, rate of CO2 fixation or production, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied in embryos at different stages of development. Cotyledonary and germinated embryos have photosynthetic capacity, although pretreatment at a high photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (100 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) for 14 d increased photosynthetic ability. Except in a very small number of cases, stomata did not develop fully in precotyledonary stage embryos and were absent in torpedo stage embryos. Low chlorophyll content (90-130 microg g(-1) fresh mass) was noted in torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos compared with cotyledonary and germinated embryos (300-500 microg g(-1) fresh mass). Due to the absence of stomata and low chlorophyll content in the torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos, the photosynthetic rate was low and, in some cases, CO2 production was observed. These data suggest that the cotyledonary stage is the earliest stage that can be cultured photoautotrophically to ensure plantlet development. When grown photoautotrophically (in a sugar-free medium with CO2 enrichment in the culture headspace and high photosynthetic photon flux), torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos lost 20-25% of their initial dry mass after 60 d of culture. However, in cotyledonary and germinated embryos, the dry mass of each embryo increased by 10 and 50%, respectively. By using a porous supporting material, growth (especially root growth) was increased in cotyledonary stage embryos. In addition, photoautotrophic conditions, high PPF (100-150 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) and increased CO2 concentration (1100 micromol mol(-1)) were found to be necessary for the development of plantlets from cotyledonary stage embryos. (+info)Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos: development of a bioreactor for large-scale plantlet conversion from cotyledonary embryos. (2/125)
Somatic embryos were developed from in vitro-grown leaf discs of Coffea arabusta in modified Murashige and Skoog medium under 30 micromol m(-2) s(-1) photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). Cotyledonary stage embryos were selected from the 14-week-old cultures and were placed under a high (100 micromol m(-2) s(-1) PPF for 14 d. These pretreated embryos were grown photoautotrophically in three different types of culture systems: Magenta vessel; RITA-bioreactor (modified to improve air exchange); and a specially designed temporary root zone immersion bioreactor system (TRI-bioreactor) with forced ventilation. The aims of the study were to achieve large-scale embryo-to-plantlet conversion, and to optimize growth of plantlets under photoautotrophic conditions. The plantlet conversion percentage was highest (84 %) in the TRI-bioreactor and lowest in the modified RITA-bioreactor (20 %). Growth and survival of converted plantlets following 45 d of photoautotrophic culture in each of the three culture systems were studied. Fresh and dry masses of leaves and roots of plantlets developed in the TRI-bioreactor were significantly greater than those of plantlets developed in the modified RITA-bioreactor or Magenta vessel. The net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents were also highest in plantlets grown in the TRI-bioreactor. Normal stomata were observed in leaves of plantlets grown in the TRI-bioreactor, whereas they could be abnormal in plantlets from the modified RITA-bioreactor. Survival of the plants after transfer from culture followed a similar pattern and was highest in the group grown in the TRI-bioreactor, followed by plants grown in the modified RITA-bioreactor and Magenta vessel. In addition, ex vitro growth of plants transferred from the TRI-bioreactor was faster than that of plants from the other culture systems. (+info)Comparison of somatic embryogenesis-derived coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantlets regenerated in vitro or ex vitro: morphological, mineral and water characteristics. (3/125)
Coffea arabica L. plantlets obtained ex vitro after sowing somatic embryos produced in a bioreactor in horticultural substrate were compared with those obtained in vitro from the same embryo population under conventional culturing conditions on semi-solid media. The intensity and quality of aerial and root system development were compared. Shoot emergence was more efficient in vitro but rooting frequencies were low. In contrast, all ex vitro-regenerated embryos rooted. The cotyledon area of mature embryos produced in a bioreactor positively affected plantlet development when regeneration was carried out ex vitro. Embryos with an intermediate cotyledon area (0.86 cm2) had the highest rates of plant conversion ex vitro (63%), and also resulted in vigorous plantlets. Mortality was higher in nursery conditions, but better plant development was obtained. The quality of plantlets produced under ex vitro conditions was reflected in better growth of the aerial and root systems, and also by similar morphological, mineral and water status characteristics to seedlings. Unlike roots formed on semi-solid media, those produced in soil were branched, fine (30-50% had a diameter of less than 0-5 mm) and they bore root hairs. Leaves of plantlets regenerated ex vitro had a histological structure similar to that of seedling leaves, and a lower stomatal density (100 vs. 233 mm-2). Moreover, they were more turgid, as indicated by higher pressure potential (psiP) (0.91 s. 0.30 MPa) and relative water content values (97 vs. 93%). Furthermore, under in vitro conditions, leaves had larger stomata which were abnormally round and raised. Direct sowing of germinated somatic embryos resulted in the rapid production of vigorous plantlets under ex vitro conditions, whilst removing the need for problematical and costly conventional acclimatization procedures. (+info)Transmission of Leishmania in coffee plantations of Minas Gerais, Brazil. (4/125)
Transmission of Leishmania was studied in 27 coffee plantations in the Brazilian State of Minas Gerais. Eighteen females and six males (11.6% of the people tested), aged between 7-65 gave a positive response to the Montenegro skin test. Awareness of sand flies based on the ability of respondents to identify the insects using up to seven predetermined characteristics was significantly greater among inhabitants of houses occupied by at least one Mn+ve individual. Five species of phlebotomine sand fly, including three suspected Leishmania vectors, were collected within plantations under three different cultivation systems. Four of these species i.e., Lu. fischeri (Pinto 1926), Lu. migonei (Franca 1920), Lu. misionensis (Castro 1959) and Lutzomyia whitmani (Antunes Coutinho 1939) were collected in an organic plantation and the last of these was also present in the other two plantation types. The remaining species, Lu. intermedia (Lutz Neiva 1912), was collected in plantations under both the "adensado" and "convencional" systems. The results of this study indicate that transmission of Leishmania to man in coffee-growing areas of Minas Gerais may involve phlebotomine sand flies that inhabit plantations. (+info)Gene introgression into Coffea arabica by way of triploid hybrids (C. arabica x C. canephora). (5/125)
Interspecific triploid hybrid plants between the tetraploid species Coffea arabica L. and the diploid species C. canephora P. were backcrossed to C. arabica. Although characterised by a low production and an important fruit dropping, all attempted crosses (ie, 6) generated BC(1) progenies. Flow cytometric analysis of the nuclear DNA content revealed that most of the BC1 individuals were nearly tetraploid. Among the male gametes produced by the interspecific triploid hybrids, those presenting a high number of chromosomes appeared strongly favoured. Only pollen mother cells having nearly 22 chromosomes were effective, the others leading to deficient endosperm and fruit dropping. Molecular markers (ie, microsatellite and AFLP) combined with evaluations of morphological characteristics and resistance to leaf rust were applied to verify the occurrence of gene transfer from C. canephora into C. arabica, and to estimate the amount of introgression present in BC(1) individuals. The results reveal a strong deficiency in the C. canephroa alleles indicating a severe counter-selection against the introgression of genetic material from C. canephora into C. arabica by way of triploid hybrids. However, introgressants displaying desirable traits such as a high resistance to leaf rust were obtained. The low level of introgression could be an advantage by facilitating the recovery of the recurrent parent and possibly reducing the number of required backcrosses. On the other hand, this could be a limitation when attempting the transfer of a complex trait or several simply inherited traits. (+info)Isolation of a new dual-functional caffeine synthase gene encoding an enzyme for the conversion of 7-methylxanthine to caffeine from coffee (Coffea arabica L.). (6/125)
In coffee and tea plants, caffeine is synthesized from xanthosine via a pathway that includes three methylation steps. We report the isolation of a bifunctional coffee caffeine synthase (CCS1) clone from coffee endosperm by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique using previously reported sequence information for theobromine synthases (CTSs). The predicted amino acid sequences of CCS1 are more than 80% identical to CTSs and are about 40% similar to those of tea caffeine synthase (TCS1). Interestingly, CCS1 has dual methylation activity like tea TCS1. (+info)Molecular cloning and functional characterization of three distinct N-methyltransferases involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in coffee plants. (7/125)
Caffeine is synthesized from xanthosine through N-methylation and ribose removal steps. In the present study, three types of cDNAs encoding N-methyltransferases were isolated from immature fruits of coffee (Coffea arabica) plants, and designated as CaXMT1, CaMXMT2, and CaDXMT1, respectively. The bacterially expressed encoded proteins were characterized for their catalytic properties. CaXMT1 catalyzed formation of 7-methylxanthosine from xanthosine with a K(m) value of 78 microM, CaMXMT2 catalyzed formation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine (theobromine) from 7-methylxanthine with a K(m) of 251 microM, and CaDXMT1 catalyzed formation of 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (caffeine) from 3,7-dimethylxanthine with a K(m) of 1,222 microM. The crude extract of Escherichia coli was found to catalyze removal of the ribose moiety from 7-methylxanthosine, leading to the production of 7-methylxanthine. As a consequence, when all three recombinant proteins and E. coli extract were combined, xanthosine was successfully converted into caffeine in vitro. Transcripts for CaDXMT1 were predominantly found to accumulate in immature fruits, whereas those for CaXMT1 and CaMXMT2 were more broadly detected in sites encompassing the leaves, floral buds, and immature fruits. These results suggest that the presently identified three N-methyltransferases participate in caffeine biosynthesis in coffee plants and substantiate the proposed caffeine biosynthetic pathway: xanthosine --> 7-methylxanthosine --> 7-methylxanthine --> theobromine --> caffeine. (+info)Effects of caffeine and chlorogenic acid on propidium iodide accessibility to DNA: consequences on genome size evaluation in coffee tree. (8/125)
Estimates of genome size using flow cytometry can be biased by the presence of cytosolic compounds, leading to pseudo-intraspecific variation in genome size. Two important compounds present in coffee trees-caffeine and chlorogenic acid-modify accessibility of the dye propidium iodide to Petunia DNA, a species used as internal standard in our genome size evaluation. These compounds could be responsible for intraspecific variation in genome size since their contents vary between trees. They could also be implicated in environmental variations in genome size, such as those revealed when comparing the results of evaluations carried out on different dates on several genotypes. (+info)"Coffea" is the genus name for the Coffea plant, which belongs to the Rubiaceae family. This plant is native to tropical regions of Africa and Asia, and it is widely cultivated for its seeds, commonly known as coffee beans. These beans are used to produce a popular beverage called coffee, which contains caffeine, a stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system.
Coffee has been consumed for centuries and is one of the most traded commodities in the world. It contains several bioactive compounds, including caffeine, chlorogenic acids, diterpenes, and polyphenols, which have been associated with various health benefits, such as improved cognitive function, increased alertness, and reduced risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease. However, excessive consumption of coffee can lead to adverse effects, including insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, and rapid heart rate.
It is worth noting that the term "Coffea" refers specifically to the plant genus, while "coffee" refers to the beverage produced from its seeds.
Coffee is defined in medical terms as a beverage prepared from the roasted seeds of the Coffea plant. It contains caffeine, a stimulant that can help increase alertness, improve mood, and boost mental and physical performance. Coffee also contains antioxidants and other bioactive compounds that may have health benefits. However, excessive consumption of coffee can lead to side effects such as insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, and rapid heart rate. It's important to consume coffee in moderation and be aware of its potential interactions with medications and medical conditions.
Chlorogenic acid is a type of polyphenolic compound that is found in various plants, including coffee, tea, and several fruits and vegetables. It is a ester of cinnamic acid and quinic acid. Chlorogenic acids are known to have antioxidant properties and may also play a role in regulating glucose metabolism and inhibiting the growth of certain types of cancer cells. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks associated with chlorogenic acid consumption.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Indian Ocean Islands" is a geographical term referring to the islands located in the Indian Ocean, and not a medical term. However, I can provide some general information about these islands.
The Indian Ocean Islands include a diverse group of island nations and territories, such as Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles, Mauritius, Comoros, Réunion (a French territory), and the British Indian Ocean Territory (including the Chagos Archipelago). These islands have unique ecosystems and diverse cultures, with flora and fauna that are often endemic to each island. Some of these islands face challenges in terms of healthcare access, resources, and infrastructure due to their remote locations and smaller populations.
Genetic structures refer to the organization and composition of genetic material, primarily DNA, that contain the information necessary for the development and function of an organism. This includes the chromosomes, genes, and regulatory elements that make up the genome.
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located in the nucleus of a cell that consist of DNA coiled around histone proteins. They come in pairs, with most species having a specific number of chromosomes in each set (diploid).
Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins or RNA molecules, and they are the basic units of heredity. They can be located on chromosomes and can vary in length and complexity.
Regulatory elements are non-coding sequences of DNA that control the expression of genes by regulating when, where, and to what extent a gene is turned on or off. These elements can include promoters, enhancers, silencers, and insulators.
Overall, genetic structures provide the blueprint for an organism's traits and characteristics, and understanding their organization and function is crucial in fields such as genetics, genomics, and molecular biology.
Coffea
Clavus coffea
Coffea racemosa
Coffea kapakata
Coffea affinis
Strigatella coffea
Coffea magnistipula
Coffea arabica
Coffea charrieriana
Clathromangelia coffea
Tomopleura coffea
Melampus coffea
Coffea abbayesii
Coffea benghalensis
Coffea canephora
Coffea stenophylla
Coffea liberica
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. coffea
Conservation and Use of Wild Populations of Coffea arabica
Indaziflam
Gibberella xylarioides
Dendropsophus coffeus
Rose Marie Pangborn
List of Bohol flora and fauna
Rubiaceae
Jessica Rich (designer)
List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes
3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid
Collodictyon
List of Rubiaceae genera
Coffea - Wikipedia
Coffea - Wikipedia
Coffea kihansiensis - Wikispecies
Coffea Arabica pharmaceutical drugs and health products
Coffea (Planta del café) | Project Noah
Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Coffea zanguebariae
PRIME PubMed | Spatial distributions of furan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in unroasted and roasted Coffea arabica beans
Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: individual images: Coffea salvatrix
Ny mat - godkjenning av tørket fruktkjøtt fra kaffefrukten fra Coffea arabica L. og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A....
Coffea arabica Archives - Gaia Garden Herbal Dispensary
Competitive and Noncompetitive Batch Sorption Studies of Aqueous Cd(II) and Pb(II) Uptake onto Coffea canephora Husks, Cyperus...
Coffea Club - Brutarul Cofetarul
Polyhalite Application Improves Coffee (Coffea robusta) Yield and Quality in Vietnam
Coffea arabica - Society of Botanical Artists
Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research - cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms on coffea arabica and ficus sycomorus...
Jamaica Blue Mountain Geisha, Coffea Diversa - Unroasted Green Beans
Coffea arabica cv., fruit | Space for life
Changes in carbon stock and greenhouse gas balance in a coffee (Coffea arabica) monoculture versus an agroforestry system with...
Augmentation of Caffeine Alkaloids by Exogenous Indoleamines in Coffea canephora P. Ex. Fr. in Vitro Cultures: the Possible...
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COFFEE (Coffea arabica L.) LANDRACES AT SEEDLING STAGE COLLECTED FROM GUJI ZONES |...
Coffea Diversa - Variety Duo - Paradise Coffee Roasters
"COFFEE BEAN SELECT INDIA - coffea arabica - SCO2 EXT - Material Safety Data Sheet ( MSDS )...
Buy Jamaica Blue Mountain Rume Sudan - Coffea Diversa - Paradise Roasters - Paradise Coffee Roasters
Nutritional evaluation of silage with coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) cherry for ruminant supplementation
Flora of Malawi: Species information: Coffea salvatrix
Coffea
hobbies | Coffea
Future | Coffea
Canephora8
- Rettsakten godkjenner det tørkede fruktkjøttet og uttrekket (avkoket) fra kaffefrukten Coffea arabica L. og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner som tradisjonelt næringsmiddel fra tredjeland (ny mat), under angitte bruksvilkår. (regjeringen.no)
- Det tørkede fruktkjøttet og uttrekket fra kaffefrukten Coffea arabica L. og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner føres ved forordningen opp i unionslisten over ny mat (forordning (EU) 2017/2470). (regjeringen.no)
- Competitive and Noncompetitive Batch Sorption Studies of Aqueous Cd(II) and Pb(II) Uptake onto Coffea canephora Husks, Cyperus papyrus Stems, and Musa spp. (hindawi.com)
- Coffea canephora , Cyperus papyrus, and Musa spp. (hindawi.com)
- Through intensified farming methods, including irrigation during the dry season, Vietnam has been able to develop robusta coffee ( Coffea robusta or canephora) as a high yielding cash crop (Marsh, 2007). (ipipotash.org)
- Augmentation of Caffeine Alkaloids by Exogenous Indoleamines in Coffea canephora P. Ex. (asic-cafe.org)
- Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner, Notizbl. (efloraofindia.com)
- The 2 major coffee types are arabica ( Coffea arabica ) and robusta ( Coffea canephora ). (medscape.com)
Rubiaceae1
- Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. (wikipedia.org)
Genus1
- In 2011, Coffea absorbed the twenty species of the former genus Psilanthus due to the morphological and genetic similarities between the two genera. (wikipedia.org)
Species6
- Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. (wikipedia.org)
- There are over 120 species of Coffea, which is grown from seed. (wikipedia.org)
- Not all Coffea species contain caffeine, and the earliest species had little or no caffeine content. (wikipedia.org)
- New species of Coffea are still being identified in the 2000s. (wikipedia.org)
- Gonzalo Hernandez likes to brag that he's amassed the world's largest private collection of coffees trees: more than two hundred species, botanical varieties, mutations and cultivars that grow on his exotic Costa Rican "coffee garden", Coffea Diversa. (paradiseroasters.com)
- Background Coffea madurensis is species of flowering tree that been known closesly related to Psilanthus genera. (nusaplant.com)
Diversa4
- The world's leading exotic coffee specialist producer, Coffea Diversa, has established its own farm in the Jamaica Blue Mountains to produce several rare varietals in the fabled Island environment. (seaislandcoffee.com)
- We first visited Coffea Diversa and met Gonzalo 11 years ago, and we've been looking forward to sharing these ever since. (paradiseroasters.com)
- Mokka Medium is a mutation of the dwarf Mokka variety discovered on Coffea Diversa farm that produces larger seeds than most Mokka Plants. (paradiseroasters.com)
- Coffea Diversa has been growing at their Costa Rica botanical garden for many years and it is one of the varieties they chose to plant at their new partner farms in Jamaica and Guatemala. (paradiseroasters.com)
Arabica seeds1
- Coffea arabica seeds were collected and planted at kercha nursery sub-site in plastic pots arranged on randomized block design. (banglajol.info)
Seeds1
- Grow at home your own coffee from the seeds of Coffea arabica. (lesswastecoffee.com)
Liberica1
- Coffea liberica Hiern, Trans. (efloraofindia.com)
Salvatrix1
- Coffea salvatrix Swynn. (co.zw)
Laurifolia1
- Coffea laurifolia Salisb. (efloraofindia.com)
Pierre1
- Coffea welwitschii Pierre ex De Wild. (efloraofindia.com)
Zanguebariae2
- Coffea zanguebariae Lour. (co.zw)
- Coffea zanguebariae sensu Coates Palgrave (1983) non Lour. (malawiflora.com)
Sensu1
- Coffea racemosa sensu Chevalier p.p. non Lour. (co.zw)
Commonly known1
- Coffea arabica Lempira, commonly known as Lempira coffee, originates from the lush coffee-growing regions of Honduras. (plantflowerseeds.com)
Beans2
- For the first time, the spatial distributions of the highly volatile compounds furan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) have been determined in cross sections of green and roasted Coffea arabica beans. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Flourishing in the fertile soil and tropical climate of Honduras, Coffea arabica Lempira produces beans that capture the essence of the region's coffee heritage. (plantflowerseeds.com)
Sudan1
- Coffea Arabica is native to the highlands of Southwest Ethiopia and the neighboring Boma Plateau In South Sudan. (paradiseroasters.com)
Grow1
- The tree of Coffea arabica will grow fruits after three to five years, producing for an average of 50 to 60 years, although up to 100 is possible. (wikipedia.org)
Cherry1
- The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritionally coffee cherry (Coffea Arabica L.) silages with different additives: efficient microorganisms (EM) and kumis, to be used in ruminant supplementation. (unal.edu.co)
Fruits1
- Coffea arabica is a bush-shaped plant with dark green leaves that blooms with white, fragrant flowers that produce red fruits. (lesswastecoffee.com)
Images1
- Attached images are Coffea benghalensis B. (efloraofindia.com)
High3
- Caffeine has evolved independently in multiple lineages of Coffea in Africa, perhaps in response to high pest predation in the humid environments of West-Central Africa. (wikipedia.org)
- Therefore, Coffea arabica landraces having high seedling height, leaf height, number of paired leaves and leaf area should get attention during selection for plantation. (banglajol.info)
- Coffea gives a second life to spent coffee grounds and HDPE (or high density polyethylene) in the form of a new composite material. (dwass.net)
Availability1
- Three kebeles and twenty-five farmers' coffee landraces were selected based on availability of Coffea arabica landraces from each district by the guidance of Developmental Agency in the kebele. (banglajol.info)
Study2
- The present study was aimed to determine genetic diversity of Coffea arabica landraces based on morphological characteristics at seedling stage in Guji zones. (banglajol.info)
- Existence of morphological variation of Coffea arabica at seedling stage was used to determine Coffea arabica diversity in this study area. (banglajol.info)
Wild1
- Coffea laurentii De Wild. (efloraofindia.com)
Made2
- Coffea is a composite material made from recycled HDPE and Spent Coffee Grounds to divert waste from landfills and displace use of first-use plastic. (dwass.net)
- Our product range currently consists of two coffee-plastic compounds: Coffea 20 (made up of 20% SCG and 80% HDPE) and Coffea 40 (40% SCG and 60% HDPE). (dwass.net)
Sources1
- Coffea is a completely innovative product - our lateral competitors include other material manufacturers compounding fillers into plastic to make it more green, and other businesses working with spent coffee grounds to produce food additives, burnable energy sources, or 3D printing filament. (dwass.net)
Includes1
- In order to get our material in the hands of our clients, we manufacture the Coffea Sample Box, which includes a data sheet and samples of both Coffea 20 and Coffea 40, as seen to the left. (dwass.net)