A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. It is best known for the COFFEE beverage prepared from the beans (SEEDS).
A beverage made from ground COFFEA beans (SEEDS) infused in hot water. It generally contains CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE unless it is decaffeinated.
A naturally occurring phenolic acid which is a carcinogenic inhibitor. It has also been shown to prevent paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats. (From J Chromatogr A 1996;741(2):223-31; Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):765-68).
Numerous islands in the Indian Ocean situated east of Madagascar, north to the Arabian Sea and east to Sri Lanka. Included are COMOROS (republic), MADAGASCAR (republic), Maldives (republic), MAURITIUS (parliamentary democracy), Pemba (administered by Tanzania), REUNION (a department of France), and SEYCHELLES (republic).
The biological objects that contain genetic information and that are involved in transmitting genetically encoded traits from one organism to another.

Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos: photosynthetic ability and growth of different stage embryos. (1/125)

Coffea arabusta somatic embryos were cultured and development of stomata, rate of CO2 fixation or production, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied in embryos at different stages of development. Cotyledonary and germinated embryos have photosynthetic capacity, although pretreatment at a high photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (100 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) for 14 d increased photosynthetic ability. Except in a very small number of cases, stomata did not develop fully in precotyledonary stage embryos and were absent in torpedo stage embryos. Low chlorophyll content (90-130 microg g(-1) fresh mass) was noted in torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos compared with cotyledonary and germinated embryos (300-500 microg g(-1) fresh mass). Due to the absence of stomata and low chlorophyll content in the torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos, the photosynthetic rate was low and, in some cases, CO2 production was observed. These data suggest that the cotyledonary stage is the earliest stage that can be cultured photoautotrophically to ensure plantlet development. When grown photoautotrophically (in a sugar-free medium with CO2 enrichment in the culture headspace and high photosynthetic photon flux), torpedo and precotyledonary stage embryos lost 20-25% of their initial dry mass after 60 d of culture. However, in cotyledonary and germinated embryos, the dry mass of each embryo increased by 10 and 50%, respectively. By using a porous supporting material, growth (especially root growth) was increased in cotyledonary stage embryos. In addition, photoautotrophic conditions, high PPF (100-150 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) and increased CO2 concentration (1100 micromol mol(-1)) were found to be necessary for the development of plantlets from cotyledonary stage embryos.  (+info)

Photoautotrophic culture of Coffea arabusta somatic embryos: development of a bioreactor for large-scale plantlet conversion from cotyledonary embryos. (2/125)

Somatic embryos were developed from in vitro-grown leaf discs of Coffea arabusta in modified Murashige and Skoog medium under 30 micromol m(-2) s(-1) photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). Cotyledonary stage embryos were selected from the 14-week-old cultures and were placed under a high (100 micromol m(-2) s(-1) PPF for 14 d. These pretreated embryos were grown photoautotrophically in three different types of culture systems: Magenta vessel; RITA-bioreactor (modified to improve air exchange); and a specially designed temporary root zone immersion bioreactor system (TRI-bioreactor) with forced ventilation. The aims of the study were to achieve large-scale embryo-to-plantlet conversion, and to optimize growth of plantlets under photoautotrophic conditions. The plantlet conversion percentage was highest (84 %) in the TRI-bioreactor and lowest in the modified RITA-bioreactor (20 %). Growth and survival of converted plantlets following 45 d of photoautotrophic culture in each of the three culture systems were studied. Fresh and dry masses of leaves and roots of plantlets developed in the TRI-bioreactor were significantly greater than those of plantlets developed in the modified RITA-bioreactor or Magenta vessel. The net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents were also highest in plantlets grown in the TRI-bioreactor. Normal stomata were observed in leaves of plantlets grown in the TRI-bioreactor, whereas they could be abnormal in plantlets from the modified RITA-bioreactor. Survival of the plants after transfer from culture followed a similar pattern and was highest in the group grown in the TRI-bioreactor, followed by plants grown in the modified RITA-bioreactor and Magenta vessel. In addition, ex vitro growth of plants transferred from the TRI-bioreactor was faster than that of plants from the other culture systems.  (+info)

Comparison of somatic embryogenesis-derived coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantlets regenerated in vitro or ex vitro: morphological, mineral and water characteristics. (3/125)

Coffea arabica L. plantlets obtained ex vitro after sowing somatic embryos produced in a bioreactor in horticultural substrate were compared with those obtained in vitro from the same embryo population under conventional culturing conditions on semi-solid media. The intensity and quality of aerial and root system development were compared. Shoot emergence was more efficient in vitro but rooting frequencies were low. In contrast, all ex vitro-regenerated embryos rooted. The cotyledon area of mature embryos produced in a bioreactor positively affected plantlet development when regeneration was carried out ex vitro. Embryos with an intermediate cotyledon area (0.86 cm2) had the highest rates of plant conversion ex vitro (63%), and also resulted in vigorous plantlets. Mortality was higher in nursery conditions, but better plant development was obtained. The quality of plantlets produced under ex vitro conditions was reflected in better growth of the aerial and root systems, and also by similar morphological, mineral and water status characteristics to seedlings. Unlike roots formed on semi-solid media, those produced in soil were branched, fine (30-50% had a diameter of less than 0-5 mm) and they bore root hairs. Leaves of plantlets regenerated ex vitro had a histological structure similar to that of seedling leaves, and a lower stomatal density (100 vs. 233 mm-2). Moreover, they were more turgid, as indicated by higher pressure potential (psiP) (0.91 s. 0.30 MPa) and relative water content values (97 vs. 93%). Furthermore, under in vitro conditions, leaves had larger stomata which were abnormally round and raised. Direct sowing of germinated somatic embryos resulted in the rapid production of vigorous plantlets under ex vitro conditions, whilst removing the need for problematical and costly conventional acclimatization procedures.  (+info)

Transmission of Leishmania in coffee plantations of Minas Gerais, Brazil. (4/125)

Transmission of Leishmania was studied in 27 coffee plantations in the Brazilian State of Minas Gerais. Eighteen females and six males (11.6% of the people tested), aged between 7-65 gave a positive response to the Montenegro skin test. Awareness of sand flies based on the ability of respondents to identify the insects using up to seven predetermined characteristics was significantly greater among inhabitants of houses occupied by at least one Mn+ve individual. Five species of phlebotomine sand fly, including three suspected Leishmania vectors, were collected within plantations under three different cultivation systems. Four of these species i.e., Lu. fischeri (Pinto 1926), Lu. migonei (Franca 1920), Lu. misionensis (Castro 1959) and Lutzomyia whitmani (Antunes Coutinho 1939) were collected in an organic plantation and the last of these was also present in the other two plantation types. The remaining species, Lu. intermedia (Lutz Neiva 1912), was collected in plantations under both the "adensado" and "convencional" systems. The results of this study indicate that transmission of Leishmania to man in coffee-growing areas of Minas Gerais may involve phlebotomine sand flies that inhabit plantations.  (+info)

Gene introgression into Coffea arabica by way of triploid hybrids (C. arabica x C. canephora). (5/125)

Interspecific triploid hybrid plants between the tetraploid species Coffea arabica L. and the diploid species C. canephora P. were backcrossed to C. arabica. Although characterised by a low production and an important fruit dropping, all attempted crosses (ie, 6) generated BC(1) progenies. Flow cytometric analysis of the nuclear DNA content revealed that most of the BC1 individuals were nearly tetraploid. Among the male gametes produced by the interspecific triploid hybrids, those presenting a high number of chromosomes appeared strongly favoured. Only pollen mother cells having nearly 22 chromosomes were effective, the others leading to deficient endosperm and fruit dropping. Molecular markers (ie, microsatellite and AFLP) combined with evaluations of morphological characteristics and resistance to leaf rust were applied to verify the occurrence of gene transfer from C. canephora into C. arabica, and to estimate the amount of introgression present in BC(1) individuals. The results reveal a strong deficiency in the C. canephroa alleles indicating a severe counter-selection against the introgression of genetic material from C. canephora into C. arabica by way of triploid hybrids. However, introgressants displaying desirable traits such as a high resistance to leaf rust were obtained. The low level of introgression could be an advantage by facilitating the recovery of the recurrent parent and possibly reducing the number of required backcrosses. On the other hand, this could be a limitation when attempting the transfer of a complex trait or several simply inherited traits.  (+info)

Isolation of a new dual-functional caffeine synthase gene encoding an enzyme for the conversion of 7-methylxanthine to caffeine from coffee (Coffea arabica L.). (6/125)

In coffee and tea plants, caffeine is synthesized from xanthosine via a pathway that includes three methylation steps. We report the isolation of a bifunctional coffee caffeine synthase (CCS1) clone from coffee endosperm by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique using previously reported sequence information for theobromine synthases (CTSs). The predicted amino acid sequences of CCS1 are more than 80% identical to CTSs and are about 40% similar to those of tea caffeine synthase (TCS1). Interestingly, CCS1 has dual methylation activity like tea TCS1.  (+info)

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of three distinct N-methyltransferases involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in coffee plants. (7/125)

Caffeine is synthesized from xanthosine through N-methylation and ribose removal steps. In the present study, three types of cDNAs encoding N-methyltransferases were isolated from immature fruits of coffee (Coffea arabica) plants, and designated as CaXMT1, CaMXMT2, and CaDXMT1, respectively. The bacterially expressed encoded proteins were characterized for their catalytic properties. CaXMT1 catalyzed formation of 7-methylxanthosine from xanthosine with a K(m) value of 78 microM, CaMXMT2 catalyzed formation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine (theobromine) from 7-methylxanthine with a K(m) of 251 microM, and CaDXMT1 catalyzed formation of 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (caffeine) from 3,7-dimethylxanthine with a K(m) of 1,222 microM. The crude extract of Escherichia coli was found to catalyze removal of the ribose moiety from 7-methylxanthosine, leading to the production of 7-methylxanthine. As a consequence, when all three recombinant proteins and E. coli extract were combined, xanthosine was successfully converted into caffeine in vitro. Transcripts for CaDXMT1 were predominantly found to accumulate in immature fruits, whereas those for CaXMT1 and CaMXMT2 were more broadly detected in sites encompassing the leaves, floral buds, and immature fruits. These results suggest that the presently identified three N-methyltransferases participate in caffeine biosynthesis in coffee plants and substantiate the proposed caffeine biosynthetic pathway: xanthosine --> 7-methylxanthosine --> 7-methylxanthine --> theobromine --> caffeine.  (+info)

Effects of caffeine and chlorogenic acid on propidium iodide accessibility to DNA: consequences on genome size evaluation in coffee tree. (8/125)

Estimates of genome size using flow cytometry can be biased by the presence of cytosolic compounds, leading to pseudo-intraspecific variation in genome size. Two important compounds present in coffee trees-caffeine and chlorogenic acid-modify accessibility of the dye propidium iodide to Petunia DNA, a species used as internal standard in our genome size evaluation. These compounds could be responsible for intraspecific variation in genome size since their contents vary between trees. They could also be implicated in environmental variations in genome size, such as those revealed when comparing the results of evaluations carried out on different dates on several genotypes.  (+info)

"Coffea" is the genus name for the Coffea plant, which belongs to the Rubiaceae family. This plant is native to tropical regions of Africa and Asia, and it is widely cultivated for its seeds, commonly known as coffee beans. These beans are used to produce a popular beverage called coffee, which contains caffeine, a stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system.

Coffee has been consumed for centuries and is one of the most traded commodities in the world. It contains several bioactive compounds, including caffeine, chlorogenic acids, diterpenes, and polyphenols, which have been associated with various health benefits, such as improved cognitive function, increased alertness, and reduced risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease. However, excessive consumption of coffee can lead to adverse effects, including insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, and rapid heart rate.

It is worth noting that the term "Coffea" refers specifically to the plant genus, while "coffee" refers to the beverage produced from its seeds.

Coffee is defined in medical terms as a beverage prepared from the roasted seeds of the Coffea plant. It contains caffeine, a stimulant that can help increase alertness, improve mood, and boost mental and physical performance. Coffee also contains antioxidants and other bioactive compounds that may have health benefits. However, excessive consumption of coffee can lead to side effects such as insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, and rapid heart rate. It's important to consume coffee in moderation and be aware of its potential interactions with medications and medical conditions.

Chlorogenic acid is a type of polyphenolic compound that is found in various plants, including coffee, tea, and several fruits and vegetables. It is a ester of cinnamic acid and quinic acid. Chlorogenic acids are known to have antioxidant properties and may also play a role in regulating glucose metabolism and inhibiting the growth of certain types of cancer cells. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks associated with chlorogenic acid consumption.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Indian Ocean Islands" is a geographical term referring to the islands located in the Indian Ocean, and not a medical term. However, I can provide some general information about these islands.

The Indian Ocean Islands include a diverse group of island nations and territories, such as Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles, Mauritius, Comoros, Réunion (a French territory), and the British Indian Ocean Territory (including the Chagos Archipelago). These islands have unique ecosystems and diverse cultures, with flora and fauna that are often endemic to each island. Some of these islands face challenges in terms of healthcare access, resources, and infrastructure due to their remote locations and smaller populations.

Genetic structures refer to the organization and composition of genetic material, primarily DNA, that contain the information necessary for the development and function of an organism. This includes the chromosomes, genes, and regulatory elements that make up the genome.

Chromosomes are thread-like structures located in the nucleus of a cell that consist of DNA coiled around histone proteins. They come in pairs, with most species having a specific number of chromosomes in each set (diploid).

Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins or RNA molecules, and they are the basic units of heredity. They can be located on chromosomes and can vary in length and complexity.

Regulatory elements are non-coding sequences of DNA that control the expression of genes by regulating when, where, and to what extent a gene is turned on or off. These elements can include promoters, enhancers, silencers, and insulators.

Overall, genetic structures provide the blueprint for an organism's traits and characteristics, and understanding their organization and function is crucial in fields such as genetics, genomics, and molecular biology.

ex Hook.f. Coffea gallienii Dubard Coffea grevei Drake ex A.Chev. Coffea heimii J.-F.Leroy Coffea homollei J.-F.Leroy Coffea ... Kester Coffea leonimontana Stoff. Coffea leroyi A.P.Davis Coffea liaudii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis Coffea liberica Hiern Coffea ... Coffea bonnieri Dubard Coffea brassii (J.-F.Leroy) A.P.Davis Coffea brevipes Hiern Coffea bridsoniae A.P.Davis & Mvungi Coffea ... Coffea humbertii J.-F.Leroy Coffea humblotiana Baill. Coffea humilis A.Chev. Coffea jumellei J.-F.Leroy Coffea kapakata (A.Chev ...
... is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. The ovate shell has an acuminate ... Clavus coffea (Smith E. A., 1882). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 April 2010. Smith, E.A. (1882a), ... Sealifebase.org : Clavus coffea Tucker, J.K. 2004 Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 682:1- ... Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 5, 10, 206-218 "Clavus coffea". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 12 January 2019. ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coffea racemosa. Wikispecies has information related to Coffea racemosa. World Checklist ... Coffea racemosa is an open-branched shrub or small tree growing up to 3.5 m (11 ft) tall. It has white to pinkish singular ... Coffea racemosa is endemic to the coastal forest belt between northern KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and Zimbabwe, found in an ... Coffea racemosa, also known as racemosa coffee and Inhambane coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. ...
... , also known as kapakata, is a putative species of plant in the genus Coffea, more commonly known as coffee, ... 2017). "Coffea kapakata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T18537573A18539511. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS. ... "Coffea kapakata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T18537573A18539511. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS. ... Coffea, Flora of Angola, Taxa named by Diane Mary Bridson, Taxa named by Auguste Chevalier). ...
... is a species of plant from the family Rubiaceae. It is a largely unknown coffee bean found in West Africa. " ... "Coffea affinis De Wild". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved January 4, ... Davis, Aaron P.; Gargiulo, Roberta; Fay, Michael F.; Sarmu, Daniel; Haggar, Jeremy (2020). "Lost and Found: Coffea stenophylla ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Coffea, Flora ...
... (common name: coffee mitre) is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mitridae, ... Gastropods.com : Mitra (Mitra) coffea; accessed : 13 December 2010 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is ... in the Pacific Ocean along Tahiti and Hawaii Strigatella coffea (Schubert & Wagner, 1829). Retrieved through: World Register of ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a shrub species of Coffea that is endemic to ... The plant is unusual among Coffea species in having adventitious roots. Chadburn, H.; Davis, A.P. (2017). "Coffea magnistipula ... Stoffelen, Piet; Robbrecht, Elmar; Smets, Erik (1997). "Adapted to the rain forest floor: A remarkable new dwarf Coffea ( ... Coffea, Flora of Gabon, Flora of Cameroon, All stub articles, Ixoroideae stubs). ...
Linnaeus placed it in its own genus Coffea in 1737. Coffea arabica is one of the polyploid species of the genus Coffea, as it ... Specifically, Coffea arabica is itself the result of a hybridization between the diploids Coffea canephora and Coffea ... The natural populations of Coffea arabica are restricted to the forests of South Ethiopia and Yemen. Coffea arabica was first ... Coffea arabica is also found on Mount Marsabit in northern Kenya, but it is unclear whether this is a truly native or ...
... is classified under the Rubiaceae family and the genus of Coffea. They are currently 120 species of Coffea ... Coffea charrieriana, also known as Charrier coffee, is a species of flowering plant from the Coffea genus. It is a caffeine- ... Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora, dominate worldwide coffee plant production, making up 99% of produce. This plant is ... This structure is quite similar to those found in other Coffea species. However, comparatively to other Coffea species, the ...
... is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. The shell grows to a ... Clathromangelia coffea Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 16 August 2011. ... xix, 1-741 (Japanese text), 1-489 (English text), 1-51 (Index), pls 1-121 "Clathromangelia coffea". Gastropods.com. Retrieved ...
... is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Borsoniidae. The length of the shell ... Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 "Tomopleura (Tomopleura) coffea". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 16 ... WoRMS (2015). Tomopleura coffea. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www. ...
... , commonly known as the coffee bean snail, is a species of small air-breathing salt marsh snail, a pulmonate ... Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas Malacolog info, spelling Melampus coffea (Articles with short description, Short ... bidentatus is slightly larger and is more likely to be found in a salt marsh as opposed to mangrove habitat for Melampus coffea ... Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melampus coffea (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www. ...
"Coffea abbayesii". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 2018-11-20. "Coffea abbayesii". ... Coffea abbayesii is an endangered species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. It was ... Coffea abbayesii is native to Andohahela National Park and a few other nearby locations in southeastern Madagascar. It is ... "Coffea abbayesii". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2018-11-20. v t e (Articles with short description, ...
... is a species of Coffea found in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. It is primarily found in tropical and ... "Coffea benghalensis in Tropicos)". Chadburn, H. & Davis, A.P. 2018. (2018). "Coffea benghalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened ... Media related to Coffea benghalensis at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Coffea benghalensis at Wikispecies (CS1 maint: ... Chadburn, H.; Davis, A.P. (2018). "Coffea benghalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T18289905A18539081. doi: ...
Coffea arabica Coffea charrieriana Chadburn, H.; Davis, A.P. (2017). "Coffea canephora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ... Coffea canephora (esp. C. canephora var. robusta, so predominantly cultivated that it is often simply termed Coffea robusta, or ... Coffea robusta represents between 40% and 45% of global coffee production, with Coffea arabica constituting most of the ... It was not recognized as a species of Coffea until 1897, over a hundred years after Coffea arabica. It is also reportedly ...
... , also known as highland coffee or Sierra Leone coffee, is a species of Coffea originating from West Africa. ... because its low yield and small berries make it inferior to the two economically dominant species Coffea arabica and Coffea ... "Coffea stenophylla". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2018-06-02. "'Amazing' New Beans Could ... 2017). "Coffea stenophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T18538903A18539566. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS. ...
Coffea dewevrei, Coffea dybowskii and Coffea excelsa were formerly considered as separate species but were reclassified in 2006 ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coffea liberica. Coffea liberica, United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization ... Coffea liberica trees are very tall, reaching up to 20 m (66 ft) high. They are harvested using ladders. The size of the ... Coffea liberica, commonly known as the Liberian coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae from which ...
coffea is a fungal plant pathogen infecting coffee. Index Fungorum USDA ARS Fungal Database v t e v t e (Articles with short ...
COCE is the name of a research project and stands for "Conservation and Use of Wild Populations of Coffea arabica in the ... The montane rain forests in southeast Ethiopia, the birthplace of wild Coffea arabica, were the origin of a large part of ... modern commercially used Coffea breeds. Due to the dwindling size of the montane rain forests as a result of clearing, the ...
... is approved in the United States for hops, Rubus spp., Coffea spp., bushberries, tropical crops, drupes/stone fruit ...
CWD was first seen in Coffea liberica. Main hosts Coffea arabica (arabica coffee) Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) Coffea ... Coffea sp. should not be replanted in soil for six months to avoid infection of seedlings. Care when weeding around coffee ...
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Dendropsophus coffea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ...
Pax Coffea. Retrieved 2018-11-19. "NMSU to honor Carl Faubion and Rose Marie Valdes Pangborn as Aggie Legends". NMSU News ...
Coffea arabica; Coffea canephora or C. robusta (INTRODUCED) kaimito - caimito; Chrysophyllum caninito Linn.; star apple ( ...
The most economically important member of the family is the genus Coffea used in the production of coffee. Coffea includes 124 ... Coffea arabica is the national flower of Yemen. Ixora coccinea is the national flower of Suriname. Warszewiczia coccinea is the ... A wide variety of growth forms are present: shrubs are most common (e.g. Coffea, Psychotria), but members of the family can ... The fruit is a berry, capsule (e.g. Oldenlandia), drupe (e.g. Coffea, Psychotria), or schizocarp (e.g. Cremocarpon). Red fruits ...
"I Am King: Jessica Rich X Jon B Talk Golden Souls". COFFEA Magazine. April 4, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019. "Black History ...
Robyns Craterispermum schweinfurthii Hiern Coffea eugenioides S.Moore Coffea racemosa Lour. Coffea zanguebariae Lour. Guettarda ...
4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid levels as a tool for differentiation of Coffea canephora var. Robusta and Coffea arabica". Food ...
Coffea G (March 2002). "Collodictyon triciliatum and Diphylleia rotans (=Aulacomonas submarina) form a new family of ...
Coffea L. Coffea L. Coleactina N.Hallé = Leptactina Hook.f. Colladonia Spreng. = Palicourea Aubl. Colleteria David W.Taylor = ... Coffea L. Psilanthus Hook.f. = Coffea L. Psilobium Jack = Acranthera Arn. ex Meisn. Psilostoma Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh. = ... Coffea L. Hexodontocarpus Dulac = Sherardia L. Heymia Dennst. = Dentella J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Higginsia Blume = Hypobathrum ... Coffea L. Nesohedyotis (Hook.f.) Bremek. Nettlera Ridl. = Carapichea Aubl. Neurocalyx Hook. Neurocarpaea R.Br. = Pentas Benth. ...
ex Hook.f. Coffea gallienii Dubard Coffea grevei Drake ex A.Chev. Coffea heimii J.-F.Leroy Coffea homollei J.-F.Leroy Coffea ... Kester Coffea leonimontana Stoff. Coffea leroyi A.P.Davis Coffea liaudii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis Coffea liberica Hiern Coffea ... Coffea bonnieri Dubard Coffea brassii (J.-F.Leroy) A.P.Davis Coffea brevipes Hiern Coffea bridsoniae A.P.Davis & Mvungi Coffea ... Coffea humbertii J.-F.Leroy Coffea humblotiana Baill. Coffea humilis A.Chev. Coffea jumellei J.-F.Leroy Coffea kapakata (A.Chev ...
Coffea flower. Coffea fruit cross section. Coffea racemosa fruits. Coffea arabica beans germinating. Coffea arabica flowers. ... Ripe Coffea arabica fruits. Beans inside a Coffea arabica fruit. Coffea branches. Ecology edit The caffeine in coffee beans ... Coffea fruits, Bali. There are over 120 species of Coffea, which is grown from seed. The two most popular are Coffea arabica ( ... Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and ...
Genus: Coffea. Subgenus: Coffea subg. Coffea Species: Coffea kihansiensis Name[edit]. Coffea kihansiensis A.P.Davis & Mvungi ... Retrieved from "https://species.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coffea_kihansiensis&oldid=7784333" ...
Coffea Arabica indications and usages ATC and ICD codes, combinations with other active ingredients and trade names information ... Coffea Arabica. Equisetum. Fucus. Greater Celandine Demerung - Biotecnoquimica Laboratorio Coffea Arabica. Pulchea Quitoc ... "Coffea Arabica". Indications and usages ATC and ICD codes:. ATC codes: N / A. ICD-10 codes: N / A. Alphabetical lists of ... Coffea Arabica. Ammi Visnaga. Atropa Belladonna. Convallaria Majalis. Crataegus. Selenicereus Grandiflorus Aranisan-N - Weber ...
Project Noah is a tool that nature lovers can use to explore and document local wildlife and a common technology platform that research groups can use to harness the power of citizen scientists everywhere.
Tropicos: Coffea zanguebariae. Wikipedia: Coffea zanguebariae. Home. ,. List of families. ,. Rubiaceae. ,. Coffea. ,. ... Coffea arabica L. var. mokka sensu Chevalier p.p. as to Busse 1077, non Cramer.. Coffea ibo A. Froehner Coffea racemosa sensu ... iNaturalist: Coffea zanguebariae. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Coffea zanguebariae. JSTOR Plant Science: Coffea ... Coffea. ,. zanguebariae. Coffea zanguebariae Lour.. Selected images: Click on each image to see a larger version and details of ...
Spatial distributions of furan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in unroasted and roasted Coffea arabica beans. Download Prime PubMed ... Homostachydrine (pipecolic acid betaine) as authentication marker of roasted blends of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora ( ... CoffeaCoffeeFood HandlingFuraldehydeFuransGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHot TemperaturePlant ExtractsSeeds ... Spatial Distributions of Furan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in Unroasted and Roasted Coffea Arabica Beans. Food Res Int. 2019; ...
Coffea. ,. salvatrix. ,. image4. Coffea salvatrix Swynn. & Philipson. Image: Image details: Species id:. 156220. Image id:. 4. ... Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: individual images: Coffea salvatrix. https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/image- ...
... og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner i omsetning som tradisjonelt nær... ... januar 2022 om tillatelse til å bringe tørket fruktkjøtt og dens infusjon fra kaffefrukten fra Coffea arabica L. ... Det tørkede fruktkjøttet og uttrekket fra kaffefrukten Coffea arabica L. og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner føres ... Ny mat - godkjenning av tørket fruktkjøtt fra kaffefrukten fra Coffea arabica L. og/eller Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. ...
Please Note: Our dispensary closes at 5:00pm during the week, 5:00pm on Saturday, and 4:00pm on Sundays. Please come early if you need something poured. Store closed on statutory holidays.. ...
i,Coffea canephora,/i,,,i, Cyperus papyrus,,/i, and,i, Musa ,/i,spp. were studied for competitive and noncompetitive removal of ... Coffea canephora, Cyperus papyrus, and Musa spp. were studied for competitive and noncompetitive removal of aqueous Cd2+ and Pb ... cooking banana peels), Coffea canephora (coffee husks), and Cyperus papyrus (papyrus stems). The cooking banana peels are ... Competitive and Noncompetitive Batch Sorption Studies of Aqueous Cd(II) and Pb(II) Uptake onto Coffea canephora Husks, Cyperus ...
Coffea club ROSSA. amestec fin și elegant italian, cu boabe de cafea atent selectate, 60% Arabica și 40% Robusta, cafea prăjită ... Coffea club NERA. amestec special italian, cu boabe de cafea atent selectate de experți italieni, 90% Arabica și 10% Robusta, ...
Table 4. Effect of fertilizer treatments on leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S contents (%) in Coffea robusta at Bao Lam and Die Linh ... 2b. Effect of fertilizer treatments on fruit weight in Coffea robusta trees grown at Bao Lam and Di Linh districts, Lam Dong ... 2c. Effect of fertilizer treatments on fruit quality in Coffea robusta trees grown at Bao Lam and Di Linh districts, Lam Dong ... 3a. Effect of fertilizer treatments on the total costs of Coffea robusta grown at Bao Lam and Di Linh districts, Lam Dong ...
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nbsp; Key words: Coffea arabica, Ficus sycomorus, fruiting body, mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus,Sholla, coffee ... nbsp; Key words: Coffea arabica, Ficus sycomorus, fruiting body, mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus,Sholla, coffee ... Coffea arabica and Ficus sycomorus leaves were assessed for supporting growth of Pleurotus ostreatus.  ... Coffea arabica and Ficus sycomorus leaves were assessed for supporting growth of Pleurotus ostreatus.  ...
Coffea Diversa Estate - Geisha. The worlds leading exotic coffee specialist producer, Coffea Diversa, has established its own ... ":"UNROASTED - Coffea Diversa, Jamaica Blue Mountain Geisha - 1kg","public_title":"1kg","options":["1kg"],"price":15000,"weight ... ":"UNROASTED - Coffea Diversa, Jamaica Blue Mountain Geisha - 2kg","public_title":"2kg","options":["2kg"],"price":30000,"weight ... ":"UNROASTED - Coffea Diversa, Jamaica Blue Mountain Geisha - 5kg","public_title":"5kg","options":["5kg"],"price":75000,"weight ...
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Changes in carbon stock and greenhouse gas balance in a coffee (Coffea arabica) monoculture versus an agroforestry system with ... 2012 Changes in carbon stock and greenhouse gas balance in a coffee (Coffea arabica) monoculture versus an agroforestry system ...
Augmentation of Caffeine Alkaloids by Exogenous Indoleamines in Coffea canephora P. Ex. Fr. in Vitro Cultures: the Possible ... Augmentation of Caffeine Alkaloids by Exogenous Indoleamines in Coffea canephora P. Ex. Fr. in Vitro Cultures: the Possible ...
Existence of morphological variation of Coffea arabica at seedling stage was used to determine Coffea arabica diversity in this ... The Coffea arabica landrace of Qaqali local (6.25) and Harobora local (5.75) were the highest in number of paired leaves. ... Coffea arabica from Diqisa local (5.25) was the highest for leaf height followed by Didiba local (5.13), Harobora (5.00) and ... Coffea arabica seeds were collected and planted at kercha nursery sub-site in plastic pots arranged on randomized block design ...
We first visited Coffea Diversa and met Gonzalo 11 years ago, and weve been looking forward to sharing these ever since. A few ... Mokka Medium is a mutation of the dwarf Mokka variety discovered on Coffea Diversa farm that produces larger seeds than most ... Coffea Diversa. His collection includes some of the rarest in the world -- coffees many have neither heard of nor tasted.. Of ...
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We first visited Coffea Diversa and met Gonzalo 11 years ago, and weve been looking forward to sharing these ever since. A few ... Coffea Diversa has been growing at their Costa Rica botanical garden for many years and it is one of the varieties they chose ... Coffea Arabica is native to the highlands of Southwest Ethiopia and the neighboring Boma Plateau In South Sudan. It was here ... Coffea Diversa. His collection includes some of the rarest in the world -- coffees many have neither heard of nor tasted.. Of ...
... ... The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritionally coffee cherry (Coffea Arabica L.) silages with different additives: ... El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar nutricionalmente ensilajes de cereza de café (Coffea arabica L.) con diferentes ... Coffea Arabica L.) cherry for ruminant supplementation}, year = {2018-04-01}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate ...
Tropicos: Coffea salvatrix. Wikipedia: Coffea salvatrix Home. ,. List of families. ,. Rubiaceae. ,. Coffea. ,. salvatrix. ... iNaturalist: Coffea salvatrix. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Coffea salvatrix. JSTOR Plant Science: Coffea salvatrix ... Coffea. ,. salvatrix. Coffea salvatrix Swynn. & Philipson. Selected images: Click on each image to see a larger version and ... Flora of Mozambique: Coffea salvatrix. Flora of Zimbabwe: Coffea salvatrix. External websites:. African Plants: A Photo Guide ( ...
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Produit localement, notre matière première est issue du commerce équitable et de lagriculture biologique. ...

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