Corydalis
Berberine Alkaloids
Plant Tubers
Ranunculaceae
Plant Extracts
Effect of Rhizoma Corydalis on focal cerebral infarct in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats. (1/20)
AIM: To investigate the effect of Rhizoma Corydalis (RC) on focal cerebral infarct. METHODS: A total of 30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were studied. Focal cerebral infarct was established b y occluding the bilateral common carotid arteries and the right middle cerebral artery for 90 min. After 24 h reperfusion, the neurological status was evaluated and then the rats were killed and the brain tissue was stained with 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride. The neurological status and the changes in the area of cerebral infarct were used as an index to evaluate the effect of RC on cerebral infarct. In addition, the whole blood was examined 24 h after RC treatment in the other 24 SD rats. RESULTS: Pretreatment with RC 100 mg/kg can improve neurological status and also can reduce the area of cerebral infarct in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats. The counts of erythrocyte and the amount of hematocrit increased in whole blood of RC-treated rats. CONCLUSION: RC can improve neurological status and reduce the area of cerebral infarct in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats. (+info)Modulation of Corydalis tuber on glycine-induced ion current in acutely dissociated rat periaqueductal gray neurons. (2/20)
Traditionally, Corydalis tuber has been used for the control of pain including headache, stomach ache, and neuralgia. In the present study, modulation of the Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in the acutely dissociated periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons was studied by a nystatin-perforated patch-clamp technique. High concentrations of Corydalis tuber elicited ion current, which was suppressed by strychnine application, while low concentrations of Corydalis tuber reduced glycine-induced ion current in the PAG neurons. Inhibitory action of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current was partially abolished by treatment with naltrexone, a non-selective opioid antagonist. Application of N-methylmalemide (NEM), a sulfhydryl alkylating agent, also partially abolished the inhibitory action of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in the PAG neurons. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in the PAG neurons is one of the analgesic mechanisms of the Corydalis tuber. (+info)The combination of rat mast cell and rabbit aortic smooth muscle is the simple bioassay for the screening of anti-allergic ingredient from methanolic extract of Corydalis tuber. (3/20)
We have assessed the release of histamine from mast cells by smooth muscle contraction. 0.3 microg/ml compound 48/80 showed no effect on concentration-response relationship of histamine in rabbit aorta. Compound 48/80 induced release of histamine from rat mast cells. When aorta was stimulated by compound 48/80 in the presence of mast cells, contraction was evoked in concentration-dependent manner. This mast cell-dependent contraction was completely blocked by H1 receptor antagonist, 1 microM diphenhydramine. When mast cells was treated with compound 48/80 inhibitor benzalkonium chloride, mast cell-dependent contraction was inhibited, although benzalkonium chloride itself showed no effect on concentration-response relationship of histamine in rabbit aorta. At high concentration of 10 microg/ml, benzalkonium chloride itself evoked histamine release from mast cells and indeed inhibitory effect of 10 microg/ml benzalkonium chloride on mast cell-dependent contraction was lower than that of 3 microg/ml. We have applied this bioassay to search anti-allergic ingredient from a total methanolic extract of Corydalis tuber (Corydalis turtschaninovii BESSER forma yanhusuo Y. H. CHOU et C. C. HSU). Successively, we have isolated five fractions. The fractions I-IV are identified to be corybulbine (1), tetrahydropalmatine (2), corydaline (3) and yuanhunine (4), respectively. Main component of fraction V is the mixture of 3 and canadine (5). Fractions II and V significantly inhibited mast cell-dependent contraction in rabbit aorta as well as inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells. Furthermore, fractions I, III and V inhibited histamine-induced contraction in rabbit aorta at non-competitive manner. From these results, combination of rat mast cells and rabbit aorta is good bioassay to search the anti-allergic ingredient, and we have obtained effective fractions from Corydalis tuber using this assay. (+info)Effects of l-tetrahydropalmatine on locomotor sensitization to oxycodone in mice. (4/20)
AIM: Recent studies have shown that l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP), an active component of Corydolis yanhusuo, can inhibit the development of the conditional place preference induced by opioid receptor agonists, but the effects of l-THP on locomotor sensitivity induced by opioid receptor agonists have not been documented. In the present study, the effects of l-THP on locomotor sensitization to oxycodone, which is an opioid receptor agonist, were studied. METHODS: Mice treated daily for 7 d with 5 mg/kg oxycodone and challenged with the same dose after 5 days of washout showed locomotor sensitization. In order to study the effects of l-THP on locomotor sensitization induced by oxycodone, l-THP was administered at doses of 6.25, 12.5, and 18.75 mg/kg, 40 min prior to treatment of oxycodone. RESULTS: l-THP per se did not affect the locomotor activity at the doses of 6.25, 12.5, and 18.75 mg/kg, but could antagonize the hyperactivity induced by oxycodone (5 mg/kg). Co-administration of l-THP (18.75 mg/kg), 40 min prior to oxycodone, could inhibit the development of sensitization to oxycodone. In addition, l-THP (6.25, 12.5, and 18.75 mg/kg, i.g.) dose-dependently prevented the expression of oxycodone sensitization. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that l-THP could attenuate the locomotor-stimulating effects of oxycodone and inhibit the development and expression of oxycodone behavioral sensitization. (+info)Regulation of glutamate level in rat brain through activation of glutamate dehydrogenase by Corydalis ternata. (5/20)
When treated with protopine and alkalized extracts of the tuber of Corydalis ternata for one year, significant decrease in glutamate level and increase in glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity was observed in rat brains. The expression of GDH between the two groups remained unchanged as determined by Western and Northern blot analysis, suggesting a post-translational regulation of GDH activity in alkalized extracts treated rat brains. The stimulatory effects of alkalized extracts and protopine on the GDH activity was further examined in vitro with two types of human GDH isozymes, hGDH1 (house-keeping GDH) and hGDH2 (nerve-specific GDH). Alkalized extracts and protopine activated the human GDH isozymes up to 4.8-fold. hGDH2 (nerve- specific GDH) was more sensitively affected by 1 mM ADP than hGDH1 (house-keeping GDH) on the activation by alkalized extracts. Studies with cassette mutagenesis at ADP-binding site showed that hGDH2 was more sensitively regulated by ADP than hGDH1 on the activation by Corydalis ternata. Our results suggest that prolonged exposure to Corydalis ternata may be one of the ways to regulate glutamate concentration in brain through the activation of GDH. (+info)Anti-amnestic activity of pseudocoptisine from Corydalis Tuber. (6/20)
Pseudocoptisine, a quaternary alkaloid with benzylisoquinoline skeleton, was isolated from Corydalis Tuber, one of the important medicinal plants in traditional medicine. Pseudocoptisine inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in a dose-dependent manner, and the concentration required for 50% inhibition was 12.8 microM. In further study, the anti-amnesic activities of pseudocoptisine in mice on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) were examined. This alkaloid (2.0 mg/kg, p.o.) administration significantly reversed cognitive impairments in mice by passive avoidance test (p<0.05). It also reduced escape latencies in training trials and prolonged swimming times in the target quadrant during the probe trial in the water maze task (p<0.05). These results indicate that pseudocoptisine has anti-cholinesterase and anti-amnesic activities that may be useful for cognitive impairment treatment. (+info)Isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo and their binding affinities at the dopamine D1 receptor. (7/20)
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of Corydalis yanhusuo has resulted in the isolation of eight known isoquinoline alkaloids - tetrahydropalmatine, isocorypalmine, stylopine, corydaline, columbamine, coptisin, 13-methylpalmatine, and dehydrocorybulbine. The tertiary alkaloids were further analyzed by chiral HPLC to determine the ratios of d-and l-isomers. The isolated compounds were screened for their binding affinities at the dopamine D(1) receptor. Isocorypalmine had the highest affinity (K(i) = 83 nM). The structure-affinity relationships of these alkaloids are discussed. (+info)Differential effects of nectar robbing by the same bumble-bee species on three sympatric Corydalis species with varied mating systems. (8/20)
(+info)Corydalis is a genus of herbaceous plants in the family Papaveraceae, also known as the poppy family. The name "Corydalis" comes from the Greek word "korydalinos," which means "crested lark," referring to the shape of the flowers. These plants are native to Asia, Europe, and North America. Some species of Corydalis contain alkaloids, which have been used in traditional medicine for their sedative, analgesic, and anti-spasmodic properties. However, it's important to note that these alkaloids can also be toxic in high doses, so these remedies should only be used under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.
Berberine alkaloids are a type of natural compound found in several plants, including the Berberis species (such as barberry and tree turmeric), goldenseal, Oregon grape, and phellodendron. The most well-known and researched berberine alkaloid is berberine itself, which has a yellow color and is commonly used in traditional medicine for various purposes, such as treating diarrhea, reducing inflammation, and combating bacterial and fungal infections.
Berberine alkaloids have a complex chemical structure that includes a nitrogen atom, making them basic in nature. They are known to interact with several biological targets, including enzymes and receptors, which contributes to their diverse pharmacological activities. Some of the key mechanisms of action of berberine alkaloids include:
1. Inhibition of DNA gyrase: Berberine alkaloids can interfere with bacterial DNA replication by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase, an enzyme that helps to unwind and supercoil DNA during replication. This makes them effective against a wide range of bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE).
2. Interaction with cell membranes: Berberine alkaloids can interact with the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, disrupting their integrity and increasing permeability. This can lead to the death of bacteria, fungi, and cancer cells.
3. Modulation of gene expression: Berberine has been shown to regulate the expression of various genes involved in metabolic processes, inflammation, and cell growth. For example, it can activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key enzyme that regulates energy metabolism, which may contribute to its potential benefits in treating diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
4. Inhibition of inflammatory mediators: Berberine alkaloids can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are involved in the development of various inflammatory diseases.
5. Antioxidant activity: Berberine alkaloids have antioxidant properties, which can help protect cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This may contribute to their potential benefits in treating neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.
In summary, berberine alkaloids exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory effects. These properties make them promising candidates for the development of new therapeutic agents to treat various diseases, such as infections, inflammation, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. However, further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and potential side effects before they can be safely and effectively used in clinical settings.
A plant tuber is not a medical term per se, but rather a term from botany. However, I can certainly provide a definition for you.
Tubers are specialized underground stems or roots that serve as storage organs for many types of plants. They consist of enlarged structures filled with nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and other organic compounds. Tubers can be classified into two main categories: true tubers and false tubers.
True tubers are swollen underground stems, such as those found in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). They have nodes and internodes like aboveground stems, but they lack leaves or buds. Instead, they have small bumps called "eyes" that contain dormant buds, which can sprout to produce new plants when conditions are favorable.
False tubers, on the other hand, are enlarged roots, such as those found in cassava (Manihot esculenta). They do not have nodes and internodes like true tubers but instead store nutrients in their fleshy tissues.
While plant tubers may not have a direct medical definition, they are essential to human health and nutrition. Many tuber crops provide important sources of carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients in diets around the world.
Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants, also known as the buttercup family. It includes over 2,000 species distributed across 58 genera. The plants in this family are characterized by their showy, often brightly colored flowers and typically have numerous stamens and carpels. Many members of Ranunculaceae contain toxic compounds, which can be irritants or even poisonous if ingested. Examples of plants in this family include buttercups, delphiniums, monkshood, and columbines.
A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.
Benzophenanthridines are a class of chemical compounds that contain a benzophenanthrene skeleton, which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon structure made up of three benzene rings fused together. Benzophenanthridine alkaloids are naturally occurring compounds found in plants and have various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties. Some well-known benzophenanthridine alkaloids include sanguinarine, chelerythrine, and berberine. These compounds are known to interact with various biological targets such as enzymes, receptors, and DNA, making them of interest in pharmaceutical research and development.
Solida2
- Here is some different colours of Corydalis solida . (nargs.org)
- Corydalis solida (Linneaus) Swartz (sometimes identified as C . bulbosa Persoon), reported from Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, and southern Ontario, can be distinguished from the native species that also are tuberous perennials by its lack of sepals, pedicels usually longer than 10 mm, and sometimes yellow petals. (swbiodiversity.org)
Papaveraceae3
- Corydalis (from Greek korydalís "crested lark") is a genus of about 540 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Papaveraceae, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere and the high mountains of tropical eastern Africa. (wikipedia.org)
- This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Corydalis (family Papaveraceae ). (theplantlist.org)
- [2] Ang Corydalis pauciflora sakop sa kahenera nga Corydalis , ug kabanay nga Papaveraceae . (wikipedia.org)
Cava1
- Corydalis cava and some other tuberous species contain the alkaloid bulbocapnine, which is occasionally used in medicine but scientific evidence is lacking in the correct dosages and side effects. (wikipedia.org)
Aurea7
- Corydalis aurea Willd. (calflora.org)
- The Navaho used Corydalis aurea medicinally for a variety of ailments, including rheumatism, diarrhea, sores on the hands, stomachaches, menstrual problems, and sore throats, and as a general disinfectant (D. E. Moerman 1986, no subspecies cited). (asu.edu)
- Specimen records of Corydalis aurea in the Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria database. (burkeherbarium.org)
- Corydalis aurea checklist entry. (burkeherbarium.org)
- Corydalis aurea information. (burkeherbarium.org)
- Corydalis aurea atlas page. (burkeherbarium.org)
- Corydalis aurea photos. (burkeherbarium.org)
Species10
- Corydalis species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species (butterflies), especially the clouded Apollo. (wikipedia.org)
- Many of the species in Corydalis contain other toxins and alkaloids like canadine, which blocks calcium. (wikipedia.org)
- Although no specific mention has been seen for this species, there is a report that Corydalis species are potentially toxic in moderate doses[222]. (pfaf.org)
- All Corydalis species are delicate, low-growing, and sometimes form mats. (mo.gov)
- There are four species of Corydalis in Missouri, and they are quite similar in appearance. (mo.gov)
- Also, although the other corydalis species flowers range from pale yellow to bright yellow, this species' flowers are always bright yellow. (mo.gov)
- All our corydalis species may be found along roadsides and streams. (mo.gov)
- Our other three corydalis species otherwise tend to occur in drier, more upland sites, such as prairies, glades, savannas, openings in dry upland forests, and so on, and some prefer acidic soils. (mo.gov)
- Corydalis lutea (Linneaus) de Candolle, reported from New York and Oregon, can be distinguished from the native species that also are rhizomatous perennials by its yellow petals and axillary racemes. (swbiodiversity.org)
- Some Corydalis species have sedative and pain-killing compounds, but many also contain toxic alkaloids. (wildflower.org)
Sempervirens2
- Pale Corydalis ( Corydalis sempervirens ) in Beltrami Island State Forest, Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota. (thephotonaturalist.com)
- Corydalis sempervirens (L.) Pers. (wildflower.org)
Fumewort3
- Small-flowered corydalis (or slender fumewort, C. micrantha ) is the second most common corydalis in the state. (mo.gov)
- Incredibly showy, Corydalis shimienensis 'Berry Exciting' (Fumewort) is a striking perennial forming an attractive mound of lacy, highly divided, brilliant yellow leaves adorned with green streaks. (gardenia.net)
- Yellow Fumewort, Yellow Harlequin, Short-spurred Corydalis. (unc.edu)
Plants2
- Corydalis plants look wonderful growing in a rock garden or up along a rock wall. (outsidepride.com)
- 2020. Corydalis gigantea in Kew Science Plants of the World Online . (wikimedia.org)
Nobilis1
- Seeds from Corydalis nobilis which is a rather large corydalis forming clumps of blue-green ferny foliage 1 - 1 1/2 ft. tall and wide. (georgiavines.com)
Flavula1
- Corydalis flavula (Rafinesque) A.P. de Candolle. (unc.edu)
Micrantha1
- Golden Corydalis ( C. micrantha ), a winter annual or biennial found in fields or along roadsides, has long-spurred flowers about 1/2" (1.5 cm) long and highly divided leaves. (wildflower.org)
Pallida3
- Corydalis pallida - (Thunb. (pfaf.org)
- Corydalis pallida is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.3 m (1ft). (pfaf.org)
- Corydalis pallida var. (efloras.org)
Ambigua1
- Two more, Corydalis bracteata and C ambigua. (nargs.org)
Perennial2
- Corydalis ( Corydalis Cheilantifolia Manchu ) - This is a wonderful perennial that can be grown from Corydalis seeds. (outsidepride.com)
- Commonly called Ferny Corydalis, this 'Manchu' fern-leaved Corydalis is a hardy perennial that produces blooms of bright yellow. (outsidepride.com)
Perennials1
- Home Herbaceous Perennials Corydalis flex. (schram.ie)
Yanhusuo2
- Civelli is a professor of pharmaceutical sciences at the UCI School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and is heading up research on the use of Corydalis yanhusuo. (narcotics.com)
- Corydalis yanhusuo is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. (narcotics.com)
Pauciflora1
- Kaliwatan sa tanom nga bulak ang Corydalis pauciflora . (wikipedia.org)
Rock Harlequin1
- Rock-harlequin or pale corydalis is a delicate, lacy, 12-32 in. (wildflower.org)
Seeds1
- After the 6 week period, move the tray of Corydalis flower seeds to a protected area outdoors where the temperatures range from 25 - 39F for an additional 6 week period. (outsidepride.com)
Shade1
- One of the showiest corydalis yet, this hybrid tolerates part sun or shade and blooms from spring often to frost. (sandysplants.com)
Subsp1
- Corydalis curviflora subsp. (edrom-nurseries.co.uk)
Foliage3
- Fern Leaf Corydalis is semi-evergreen, and has bronze-tinted, fern-like foliage. (outsidepride.com)
- The delicate, dangling flowers and bluish-green foliage distinguish this corydalis. (wildflower.org)
- it has similar foliage and pink flowers very like those of Tall Corydalis and occurs most frequently in the Allegheny Mountains. (wildflower.org)
Latin Name1
- The flowers' latin name is corydalis, which gives the design its name. (filcolana.dk)
Pale3
- Pale corydalis is primarily an Ozark flower of south and central Missouri. (mo.gov)
- Pale corydalis, although abundant and common, is still rather inconspicuous. (mo.gov)
- Pale corydalis can become weedy. (wildflower.org)
Herbal Medicine1
- Corydalis Yanhuso: A New Herbal Medicine to Fight Opioid Addiction? (narcotics.com)
Photos1
- I never tire at looking at Corydalis photos, you have some nice colors, I'll be adding to it this topic. (nargs.org)
Bulbosa1
- Corydalis bulbosa var. (naturephoto-cz.com)
Moist1
- Corydalis Manchu does best in moist, shaded conditions, and where it is happy, it will self-sow, but not in an invasive or troublesome way. (outsidepride.com)
Compounds1
- The present results showed that there were 60 compounds related to AMI in Corydalis Herba, involving 73 potential targets. (bvsalud.org)
