Cumulative Trauma Disorders
Interindividual variation of physical load in a work task. (1/387)
OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the variation in physical work load among subjects performing an identical work task. METHODS: Electromyographs from the trapezius and infraspinatus muscles and wrist movements were recorded bilaterally from 49 women during a highly repetitive industrial work task. An interview and a physical examination were used to define 12 potential explanatory factors, namely, age, anthropometric measures, muscle strength, work stress, and musculoskeletal disorders. RESULTS: For the electromyographs, the means of the 10th percentiles were 2.2% and 2.8% of the maximal voluntary electrical activity (%MVE) for the trapezius and infraspinatus muscles, respectively. However, the interindividual variations were very large [coefficients of variation (CV) 0.75 and 0.62, respectively]. Most of the variance could not be explained; only height, strength, and coactivation of the 2 muscles contributed significantly (R2(adj)0.20-0.52). The variation was still large, though smaller (CV < or =0.63), for values normalized to relative voluntary electrical activity (RVE). For the wrist movements, the median velocity was 29 degrees per second, and the interindividual variations were small (CV < or =0.24). Six factors contributed to the explained variance (R2(adj)0.12-0.55). CONCLUSIONS: The interindividual variation is small for wrist movements when the same work tasks are performed. In contrast, the electromyographic variation is large, even though less after RVE normalization, which reduces the influence of strength, than when MVE is used. Because of these variations, several electromyographs are needed to characterize the exposure of a specific work task in terms of muscular load, and individual electromyographs are preferable when the worker' s risk of myalgia is being studied. (+info)In vivo finger flexor tendon force while tapping on a keyswitch. (2/387)
Force may be a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity associated with typing and keying. However, the internal finger flexor tendon forces and their relationship to fingertip forces during rapid tapping on a keyswitch have not yet been measured in vivo. During the open carpal tunnel release surgery of five human subjects, a tendon-force transducer was inserted on the flexor digitorum superficialis of the long finger. During surgery, subjects tapped with the long finger on a computer keyswitch, instrumented with a keycap load cell. The average tendon maximum forces during a keystroke ranged from 8.3 to 16.6 N (mean = 12.9 N, SD = 3.3 N) for the subjects, four to seven times larger than the maximum forces observed at the fingertip. Tendon forces estimated from an isometric tendon-force model were only one to two times larger than tip force, significantly less than the observed tendon forces (p = 0.001). The force histories of the tendon during a keystroke were not proportional to fingertip force. First, the tendon-force histories did not contain the high-frequency fingertip force components observed as the tip impacts with the end of key travel. Instead, tendon tension during a keystroke continued to increase throughout the impact. Second, following the maximum keycap force, tendon tension during a keystroke decreased more slowly than fingertip force, remaining elevated approximately twice as long as the fingertip force. The prolonged elevation of tendon forces may be the result of residual eccentric muscle contraction or passive muscle forces, or both, which are additive to increasing extensor activity during the release phase of the keystroke. (+info)The wrist of the formula 1 driver. (3/387)
OBJECTIVES: During formula 1 driving, repetitive cumulative trauma may provoke nerve disorders such as nerve compression syndrome as well as osteoligament injuries. A study based on interrogatory and clinical examination of 22 drivers was carried out during the 1998 formula 1 World Championship in order to better define the type and frequency of these lesions. METHODS: The questions investigated nervous symptoms, such as paraesthesia and diminishment of sensitivity, and osteoligamentous symptoms, such as pain, specifying the localisation (ulnar side, dorsal aspect of the wrist, snuff box) and the effect of the wrist position on the intensity of the pain. Clinical examination was carried out bilaterally and symmetrically. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 22 drivers reported symptoms. One suffered cramp in his hands at the end of each race and one described a typical forearm effort compartment syndrome. Six drivers had effort "osteoligamentous" symptoms: three scapholunate pain; one medial hypercompression of the wrist; two sequellae of a distal radius fracture. Seven reported nerve disorders: two effort carpal tunnel syndromes; one typical carpal tunnel syndrome; one effort cubital tunnel syndrome; three paraesthesia in all fingers at the end of a race, without any objective signs. CONCLUSIONS: This appears to be the first report of upper extremity disorders in competition drivers. The use of a wrist pad to reduce the effects of vibration may help to prevent trauma to the wrist in formula 1 drivers. (+info)A vascular basis for repetitive strain injury. (4/387)
OBJECTIVE: The blanket term 'repetitive strain injury' (RSI) covers a wide variety of work-related clinical syndromes, most of which are localized lesions. However, some patients complain of diffuse forearm pain, a clinically distinct form of RSI, the aetiology of which is unknown. METHODS: Using Doppler ultrasound, we measured the vascular responses to muscular work in the radial artery in 13 patients with bilateral diffuse forearm pain, seven with unilateral diffuse pain and 19 controls with localized arm pain. RESULTS: We found that in diffuse forearm pain the radial artery is relatively constricted compared to the controls and fails to vasodilate with exercise, which suggests that diffuse forearm pain may be due to physiological claudication of the working forearm muscle. CONCLUSION: A possible explanation is inhibition of local endothelial nitric oxide function, and this may be an unusual secondary, but self-perpetuating, pain condition which can follow other more specific, but chronic, arm pain syndromes in susceptible individuals. (+info)Work related risk factors for musculoskeletal complaints in the spinning industry in Lithuania. (5/387)
OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal complaints in the back, arms or neck, and legs among workers in the spinning industry, and to investigate the relations between these complaints and work related variables. METHODS: An interview based questionnaire survey was carried out in two spinning industry factories in Lithuania. RESULTS: The study group consisted of all workers in production (n = 363). Symptoms of the legs were the musculoskeletal symptom reported most often (61%). Many subjects had arms or neck (55%) or back problems (28%). 20% had experienced pain from all three sites. Almost 25% had had musculoskeletal pain every day and 16% had experienced constant pain during previous year. Packers had the highest risk of arms or neck problems whereas spinners had the highest risk of back or leg problems. Working in a strained posture (bending, work with arms raised up above shoulder level, and repetitive movements of the fingers) was associated with all three complaints. Only arms or neck complaints were associated with age. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal disorders are a common problem among workers producing gobelin or synthetic thread in Lithuania and working in a strained posture is a risk factor for developing musculoskeletal disorders in three body sites: legs, arms or neck, and back. To better understand the different aspects of physical load as risk factors, a more detailed study of the frequency of postural changes as well as an observation of individually adopted postures would be necessary. This applies to intervention studies in factories of the spinning industry to prevent complaints of the legs and shoulders. (+info)Do repetitive tasks give rise to musculoskeletal disorders? (6/387)
Repetitive tasks can undoubtedly cause discomfort and pain, but whether they cause or worsen the pathology causing the pain is most uncertain. Research in this area is difficult as the 'work-related upper limb disorders' do not occur exclusively in workers and because there is no simple, reliable and reproducible test for most 'work-related upper limb disorders'. Furthermore many studies are difficult to interpret as they detect disease by the presence of symptoms: one would expect manual workers to complain of more symptoms than sedentary workers and symptom aggravation does not tell one anything about the causation of the underlying pathology. (+info)Hypothenar hammer syndrome: proposed etiology. (7/387)
PURPOSE: Finger ischemia caused by embolic occlusion of digital arteries originating from the palmar ulnar artery in a person repetitively striking objects with the heel of the hand has been termed hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS). Previous reports have attributed the arterial pathology to traumatic injury to normal vessels. A large experience leads us to hypothesize that HHS results from trauma to intrinsically abnormal arteries. METHODS: We reviewed the arteriography, histology, and clinical outcome of all patients treated for HHS in a university clinical research center study of hand ischemia, which prospectively enrolled more than 1300 subjects from 1971 to 1998. RESULTS: Twenty-one men had HHS. All had occupational (mechanic, carpenter, etc) or avocational (woodworker) exposure to repetitive palmar trauma. All patients underwent upper-extremity and hand arteriography, unilateral in eight patients (38%) and bilateral in 13 patients (62%). By means of arteriogram, multiple digital artery occlusions were shown in the symptomatic hand, with either segmental ulnar artery occlusion in the palm or characteristic "corkscrew" elongation, with alternating stenoses and ectasia. Similar changes in the contralateral asymptomatic (and less traumatized) hand were shown by means of 12 of 13 bilateral arteriograms (92%). Twenty-one operations, consisting of segmental ulnar artery excision in the palm and vein grafting, were performed on 19 patients. Histology was compatible with fibromuscular dysplasia with superimposed trauma. Patency of arterial repairs at 2 years was 84%. One patient (5%) required amputative debridement of necrotic finger tips. No other tissue loss occurred. There have been no recurrences of ischemia in patients with patent bypass grafts. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the largest reported group of HHS patients. The characteristic angiographic appearance, histologic findings, and striking incidence of bilateral abnormalities in patients with unilateral symptoms lead us to conclude that HHS occurs when persons with preexisting palmar ulnar artery fibrodysplasia experience repetitive palmar trauma. This revised theory for the etiology of HHS explains why HHS does not develop in most patients with repetitive palmar trauma. (+info)Evaluation of overuse elbow injuries. (8/387)
The evaluation of elbow pain can be challenging because of the complexity of the joint and its central location in the upper extremity. Diagnosing the injury correctly requires an understanding of the anatomy of the elbow, which includes three articulations, two ligament complexes, four muscle groups and three major nerves. The history should be directed at pinpointing the location of symptoms and the activities that cause the patient's pain. It is important to identify the specific musculotendinous structures that are at risk for overuse or have been injured through overuse. Mechanical symptoms are indicative of intra-articular pathology, whereas neurologic symptoms are characteristic of nerve entrapment syndromes. Physical examination of the elbow and related structures should confirm the diagnosis. Only a minority of patients require diagnostic studies. Basic treatment principles are described by the acronym PRICEMM: protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation, medication and modalities (physical therapy). Surgical consultation is warranted in selected patients. (+info)Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs) are a group of conditions that result from repeated exposure to biomechanical stressors, often related to work activities. These disorders can affect the muscles, tendons, nerves, and joints, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, and reduced range of motion.
CTDs are also known as repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) or overuse injuries. They occur when there is a mismatch between the demands placed on the body and its ability to recover from those demands. Over time, this imbalance can lead to tissue damage and inflammation, resulting in chronic pain and functional limitations.
Examples of CTDs include carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, epicondylitis (tennis elbow), rotator cuff injuries, and trigger finger. Prevention strategies for CTDs include proper ergonomics, workstation design, body mechanics, taking regular breaks to stretch and rest, and performing exercises to strengthen and condition the affected muscles and joints.
I believe you may be looking for the term "human factors engineering" or "ergonomics," as there is no widely recognized medical definition for "human engineering." Human factors engineering is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the design and integration of systems, products, and environments to optimize human well-being and overall system performance. This includes considering human capabilities, limitations, and characteristics in the design process to ensure safe, efficient, and effective interactions between humans and technology.
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Musculoskeletal14
- Conclusions: However, given the multifactorial nature of occupational diseases, it is likely that overweight and obesity may act as a predisposing factor in these diseases, interacting and enhancing the effects of other important risk factors for the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. (bvsalud.org)
- In August 1992 and December 1992 NIOSH investigators videotaped employees using these machines, and two NIOSH ergonomists reviewed these videotapes to assess the potential for ergonomic hazards associated with the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. (cdc.gov)
- With the adjustable sit/stand stool provided at the workstation, this task probably poses little risk for musculoskeletal disorders. (cdc.gov)
- The health records of the employees in a semiconductor industry showed a drastic increase of musculoskeletal disorders for 2007 compared to 2005 and 2006. (upm.edu.my)
- The exact terminology is controversial, but the terms now used by the United States Department of Labor and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) are musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and work-related muscular skeletal disorders (WMDs). (wikipedia.org)
- Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. (wikipedia.org)
- The goal is to create a work environment where people are more productive, more reliable and less likely to suffer from musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). (ehstoday.com)
- Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) refer to injuries of the muscles, ligaments and other soft tissues, including back, neck, shoulder and wrist pain. (iwh.on.ca)
- Does gradually returning to work improve time to sustainable work after a work-acquired musculoskeletal disorder in British Columbia, Canada? (iwh.on.ca)
- These services include physical therapy, ergonomic evaluations, all levels of injury prevention and ergonomic training, direct problem solving of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), wellness, Post-Offer employment screenings, FCEs, ADA job analyses, and computer ergonomics. (roymatheson.com)
- Many workers continue to develop work-related musculoskeletal disorders, soft-tissue injuries that occur gradually and include cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive strain injuries, and overuse injuries. (va.gov)
- The United States Department of Labor OSHA website has excellent information related to prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace. (va.gov)
- With the advent of computers, the number of sedentary jobs has increased, as have the number of musculoskeletal disorders. (dentistrytoday.com)
- RSI is also known as cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive stress injuries, repetitive motion injuries or disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and occupational overuse syndromes. (swindonweb.com)
CTDs3
- Cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) are the most common injuries associated with computerized workstation use. (wichita.edu)
- Factors associated with cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) of the upper extremities were studied retrospectively, using data from three apparel manufacturing plants in the southeastern United States. (uky.edu)
- Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Injuries5
- Shoulder injuries are another disorder of cumulative trauma injury. (odglawgroup.com)
- CTD is can also be referred to as repetitive trauma disorder, overuse symptoms of repetitive strain injuries. (polygonpt.com)
- However, such injuries don't only occur because of an accident, but also those that develop over time referred to as cumulative trauma disorder (CTD). (odglawgroup.com)
- They are also known as repetitive strain injuries and cumulative trauma disorders. (iwh.on.ca)
- The CTD Resource Network, Inc. (CTDRN) is a new California nonprofit corporation that provides educational material and charitable assistance related to the prevention and treatment of cumulative trauma disorders (also known as repetitive strain injuries). (tifaq.org)
Workplace3
- It includes accidents and cumulative trauma injury in the workplace. (odglawgroup.com)
- What is cumulative trauma disorder in the workplace? (pthealth.ca)
- Workplace transformation and the rise in cumulative trauma disorders: Is there a connection? (bvsalud.org)
Prevalence1
- Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders (CTD), overweight and obesity and the association between them, among public health dentists. (bvsalud.org)
Carpal1
- Examples of the conditions that may be caused or aggravated by cumulative trauma include carpal tunnel syndrome, tennis elbow, and low back pain. (thephysicaltherapyassociates.com)
Ergonomic2
- Analysis of surveillance data has led to identification of clusters of occupational diseases in specific work sites and industries, such as silicosis in three Connecticut foundries, industrial mercury poisoning, hypersensitivity pneumonitis in aerospace industries using metal working fluids, clusters of ergonomic disorders in various industries, and a cluster of building related illness in a large office building. (ct.gov)
- The publication discusses ergonomic assessment and cumulative trauma disorders in various industries. (pthealth.ca)
Ergonomi1
- Hubungan Faktor Risiko Ergonomi dan Keluhan Cumulative Trauma Disorders pada Dokter Gigi di PT. (ui.ac.id)
Psychiatric disorders6
- A growing number of studies have suggested that IBD is highly associated with psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression ( 1 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
- OSLO, Norway - Recurrent febrile seizures in children are associated with a higher risk of psychiatric disorders and epilepsy in later life, new research shows. (medscape.com)
- Danish investigators found the 30-year risk of epilepsy and psychiatric disorders in children who had three or more febrile seizures was 15% and 30%, respectively. (medscape.com)
- From other national registries, the investigators collected data on epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. (medscape.com)
- Dreier noted that when looking at the broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders associated with febrile seizures, the "most pronounced" were psychotic disorders including schizophrenia. (medscape.com)
- The researchers wanted to know if the association between febrile seizures and psychiatric disorders could be explained by comorbid epilepsy. (medscape.com)
Stress3
- The intense and cumulative stress of protracted conflict was taking a devastating toll-reflected in high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder, family problems, and an all-time high in suicides. (psychologicalscience.org)
- She leads a research program that focuses on understanding the neuroscience of wellbeing and resilience to stress and trauma, and ways wellbeing and resilience can be promoted via various intervention platforms. (edu.au)
- A/Prof Gatt has since shifted her focus to understanding resilience to trauma and stress, and the neurobiological mechanisms that underpin mental wellbeing and positive mental health. (edu.au)
Incidence1
- The cumulative incidence of epilepsy over a 30-year follow-up period started at 2% at birth. (medscape.com)
Occupational1
- Our Occupational Therapists (OTs) and Certified Hand Therapists will evaluate your condition and promote recovery for a wide variety of upper extremity disorders. (spauldingrehab.org)
Physical Therapy2
- Physical Therapy for Cumulative Trauma Disorders - Get Started Today! (polygonpt.com)
- Welcome to Physical Therapy Associates patient resource about Cumulative Trauma Disorder. (thephysicaltherapyassociates.com)
Head trauma2
- When it comes to cumulative head trauma there are many, many things we just don't know. (foxnews.com)
- Investigators defined three subpopulations of children with febrile seizures and no previous diagnosis of epilepsy, cerebral palsy, intracranial tumors, severe head trauma or intracranial infections. (medscape.com)
Ganglion1
- Other conditions resulting from repetitive strain injury are tenosynovitis, tendinitis of the shoulder or forearm, myofascial damage, cervical radiculopathy, epicondylitis, ganglion cysts, ulnar nerve disorder, thoracic outlet syndrome and fibromyalgia. (acufinder.com)
Diagnosis1
- Cumulative trauma disorder or Repetitive Strain Injury is a diagnosis used for hand and arm pain that is caused by chronic and repeated performance of the same task leading to strain (for instance, working on the computer for long hours). (pthealth.ca)
Exposure5
- Trauma exposure is ubiquitous, but rates of trauma vary by population. (psychiatrist.com)
- This study, therefore, places US veterans at the higher end of populations studied for trauma exposure. (psychiatrist.com)
- Most trauma exposure in veterans therefore came from non-military experience. (psychiatrist.com)
- sexual trauma from childhood or adulthood tops the charts for likely development of PTSD (28% probability of lifetime PTSD with any exposure to forced sexual contact in childhood). (psychiatrist.com)
- Nearly 20% of patients reporting 12-month PTSD report multiple traumas, and greater trauma exposure unsurprisingly correlates with greater functional impairment as well as greater exposure to ongoing trauma in the form of intimate partner violence. (psychiatrist.com)
Risks2
- Based on these probable fac-tors, some suggestions and recommendations were proposed to reduce cumulative trauma disorders risks. (upm.edu.my)
- Reduce the risks associated with cumulative trauma disorders (CTD) and eliminate worker downtime. (bettcher.com)
Tendons1
- Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD) is referred to the excessive wear and tear of muscles, tendons, ligaments, sensitive nerve tissues, and joints caused by repetitive use over a long period of time. (polygonpt.com)
Anxiety2
- Her clinical training involved a specialization in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety and trauma related disorders in adults and she is still working with these populations in her private practice. (mcgill.ca)
- Psychiatric comorbidity of PTSD with major depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and suicidality is enormous, with an odds ratio (OR) of 62.8 of current generalized anxiety disorder in subjects reporting past-month PTSD and an OR of 26.5 for concurrent major depression, compared with those without PTSD. (psychiatrist.com)
Shoulder2
Cohort1
- 6 , 10 Probable PTSD rates declined with age in this sample (from the disturbingly high rate of 33% in the 18- to 29-year-old trauma-exposed cohort to 4.8% among those aged 60 years or older), findings similar to data on non-military risk by age cohort in the non-veteran population. (psychiatrist.com)
Adversity1
- Nevertheless, we have long known that childhood trauma, chronic adversity, and familial stressors increase risk for PTSD and for its biological markers after a traumatic event in adulthood. (psychiatrist.com)
Risk5
- What are the Risk Factors Imparting Cumulative Trauma Disorder? (odglawgroup.com)
- There are several risk factors that contribute to cumulative trauma disorders. (odglawgroup.com)
- The Pitney Bowes (P-B) OCR feeding table was lower (31 inches) than the recommended work surface height (36-42 inches), thereby placing 'feeders' at potential risk for low back disorders. (cdc.gov)
- They used competing risk regression to estimate cumulative incidences, and Cox regression to arrive at hazard ratios (HRs) for risk of onset of these disorders at various ages depending on the number of febrile seizures. (medscape.com)
- General risk factors include disorders that increase urinary salt concentration, either by increased excretion of calcium or uric acid salts, or by decreased excretion of urinary citrate. (msdmanuals.com)
Psychological1
- The complex interaction between psychological disorders and IBD may involve neuroendocrine pathways, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems ( 18 ). (frontiersin.org)
Chronic1
- We don't know why two individuals both exposed to the same number of blows and years of fighting, why one person develops chronic brain disorders and one doesn't," Bernick said. (foxnews.com)
Diseases1
- Cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) is a broad category that includes many common diseases that affect the soft tissues of the body. (thephysicaltherapyassociates.com)
Https1
- Merriam-Webster.com Medical Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/cumulative%20trauma%20disorder. (merriam-webster.com)
Upper2
- A survey questionnaire, interviews and observation methods were used to identify the problems and to provide recom-mendations to prevent or rapidly response to work related upper limb disorders. (upm.edu.my)
- Nonspecific work-related upper extremity disorders. (medscape.com)
Develops1
- It's considered a cumulative trauma disorder or repetitive motion injury because it typically develops after months or years of recurring strain. (odglawgroup.com)
Time1
- Cumulative trauma disorder usually occurs over time. (odglawgroup.com)
Study1
- What is revelatory, however, is how the study highlights the breadth and depth o f t he mental health burden of US veterans, and helps to parse the relationship between trauma, PTSD, and multiple psychiatric comorbidities in veterans. (psychiatrist.com)
Types1
- What are the Most Common Types of Cumulative Trauma Disorder? (odglawgroup.com)
Mechanisms1
- Her main research interests are in family dynamics and understanding mechanisms involved in the intergenerational continuity of trauma and violence. (mcgill.ca)
Potential1
- increases productivity and reduces the potential of cumulative trauma disorders. (arcat.com)