Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume various morphologic patterns and produce various types of lesions.
The emergence of a tooth from within its follicle in the ALVEOLAR PROCESS of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE into the ORAL CAVITY. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
Conditions in which there is histological damage to the lower epidermis along with a grouped chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the papillary dermis disturbing the interface between the epidermis and dermis. LICHEN PLANUS is the prototype of all lichenoid eruptions. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p398)
A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases, intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning, and exudation.
A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic "bull's-eye" lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.
The ash, dust, gases, and lava released by volcanic explosion. The gases are volatile matter composed principally of about 90% water vapor, and carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen. The ash or dust is pyroclastic ejecta and lava is molten extrusive material consisting mainly of magnesium silicate. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A mild exanthematous inflammation of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of salmon-colored maculopapular lesions. The most striking feature is the arrangement of the lesions such that the long axis is parallel to the lines of cleavage. The eruptions are usually generalized, affecting chiefly the trunk, and the course is often self-limiting.
Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.
Complex pain syndrome with unknown etiology, characterized by constant or intermittent generalized vulva pain (Generalized vulvodynia) or localized burning sensations in the VESTIBULE area when pressure is applied (Vestibulodynia, or Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome). Typically, vulvar tissue with vulvodynia appears normal without infection or skin disease. Vulvodynia impacts negatively on a woman's quality of life as it interferes with sexual and daily activities.
This drug combination has proved to be an effective therapeutic agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.
A medical specialty concerned with the skin, its structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.
'Skin diseases' is a broad term for various conditions affecting the skin, including inflammatory disorders, infections, benign and malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, which can cause symptoms such as rashes, discoloration, eruptions, lesions, itching, or pain.
Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.
Visible efflorescent lesions of the skin caused by acne or resembling acne. (Dorland, 28th ed, p18, 575)
The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
Adrenal cortex hormones are steroid hormones produced by the outer portion of the adrenal gland, consisting of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens, which play crucial roles in various physiological processes such as metabolism regulation, stress response, electrolyte balance, and sexual development and function.
An abnormality in the direction of a TOOTH ERUPTION.
Dense fibrous layer formed from mesodermal tissue that surrounds the epithelial enamel organ. The cells eventually migrate to the external surface of the newly formed root dentin and give rise to the cementoblasts that deposit cementum on the developing root, fibroblasts of the developing periodontal ligament, and osteoblasts of the developing alveolar bone.
The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)
Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)

Phase I trial of docetaxel with filgrastim support in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors: a collaborative Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and Children's Cancer Group trial. (1/493)

Neutropenia is the dose-limiting toxicity of docetaxel in children. This Phase I trial was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose, the dose-limiting toxicities, and the incidence and severity of other toxicities of docetaxel with filgrastim (G-CSF) support in children with refractory solid tumors. Docetaxel was administered as an i.v. infusion for 1 h every 21 days with a starting dose of 150 mg/m2 and an escalation to 185 mg/m2 and 235 mg/m2 in subsequent patient cohorts. G-CSF (5 microg/kg/day) was administered s.c., starting 48 h after docetaxel and continuing until the post-nadir neutrophil count reached 10,000/microl. Seventeen patients received 27 courses of docetaxel with G-CSF support. Generalized erythematous desquamating skin rash and myalgias were dose-limiting at 235 mg/m2. Localized and generalized rashes were seen at all of the three dose levels. Neutropenia (median nadir, 95/1microl) occurred at all of the dose levels but was brief in duration and not dose-limiting. Thrombocytopenia was minimal (median platelet count nadir, 139,000/microl), and the severity of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia did not seem to be related to the docetaxel dose. Other docetaxel-related toxicities included hemorrhage (associated with mucositis), sepsis, hypersensitivity reaction, transient elevation of liver enzymes, stomatitis, back pain, asthenia, and neuropathy. One minor response was observed in a patient with colon cancer. The maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel with G-CSF support in children is 185 mg/m2, which is 50% higher than the maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel alone in children and 85 % higher than the recommended adult dose.  (+info)

A phase I single-dose trial of gadolinium texaphyrin (Gd-Tex), a tumor selective radiation sensitizer detectable by magnetic resonance imaging. (2/493)

Gadolinium Texaphyrin (Gd-Tex) is a radiation sensitizer with a novel mechanism of action that sensitizes both oxic and hypoxic cells, localizes selectively in tumors, and is detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This Phase I single-dose trial of Gd-Tex administered concurrently with radiation therapy was carried out to determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities, pharmacokinetics, and biolocalization of Gd-Tex as determined by MRI. Adults with incurable cancers of any histology requiring radiation therapy were eligible. A single i.v. dose of Gd-Tex was followed at least 2 h later by radiation therapy. The Gd-Tex dose was escalated in cohorts of 3 to 5 patients. Thirty-eight patients (median age, 58 years; range, 35-77 years) with incurable cancers of the lung (26), cervix (3), or other solid tumors (9) received a total of 41 single administrations of Gd-Tex. The Gd-Tex dose was escalated from 0.6 to 29.6 mg/kg. Irradiated sites included the thorax, brain, pelvis, bone, soft tissue, and sites of nodal metastases. The MTD was 22.3 mg/kg, determined by reversible acute tubular necrosis as the dose-limiting toxicities. Gd-Tex selectively accumulated in primary and metastatic tumors as demonstrated by MRI. No increase in radiation toxicity to normal tissues was seen. The median half-life of Gd-Tex after single-dose administration is 7.4 h. This study demonstrates that Gd-Tex is well tolerated in doses below the MTD, and that there is selective biolocalization in tumors. The maximum recommended dose for single administrations is 16.7 mg/kg.  (+info)

Effectiveness of clopidogrel and aspirin versus ticlopidine and aspirin in preventing stent thrombosis after coronary stent implantation. (3/493)

BACKGROUND: Ticlopidine has been shown to reduce the incidence of stent thrombosis compared with warfarin, but it may cause serious hematological side effects. Clopidogrel, a new thienopyridine derivative, may be a safe alternative to ticlopidine. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel and aspirin with those of ticlopidine and aspirin in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: The population of this study consisted of 2 groups: patients who underwent coronary stenting and were treated with ticlopidine and aspirin (TA group, n=1406), and patients who underwent coronary stenting followed by treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin (CA group, n=283). At 1-month follow-up, there was no difference in stent thrombosis (1.5% versus 1.4%, P=1.0) or major adverse cardiac events (3.1% versus 2.4%, P=0. 85) between the TA and CA groups, respectively. The probability of any side effect (neutropenia, diarrhea, rash) was significantly higher in the TA group (10.6% versus 5.3%, P=0.006; relative risk, 0. 53; CI, 0.32 to 0.86). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that clopidogrel may be an effective pharmacological regimen after coronary stent implantation. Furthermore, the simpler dosing regimen, the absence of neutropenia, and the lower frequency of other side effects make it a safe alternative to ticlopidine.  (+info)

Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis like drug eruption: a case report. (4/493)

We report a 54-year-old male patient who developed an unusual form of generalized drug eruption. He had pain and breathlessness on the left chest wall. He had history of taking several drugs at private clinics under a diagnosis of herpes zoster. Two weeks later he had a generalized skin eruption. Examination showed multiple variable sized, mild pruritic, erythematous macules and papules on the face and upper extremities. Skin lesions take the form of a clinically consistent with disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP). Methylprednisolone 16 mg, astemisole 10 mg, oxatomide 60 mg was prescribed. Topical corticosteroid cream was applied. Within two months, his eruption had cleared almost completely. The pathogenetic mechanisms of this case are unclear, but drug and UV light have been considered.  (+info)

Management of opioid-induced pruritus: a role for 5-HT3 antagonists? (5/493)

We have evaluated the efficacy of ondansetron in the prevention of opioid-induced pruritus in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Using a 'human model' of opioid-induced pruritus, 80 ASA I-II patients about to undergo routine surgery were given either ondansetron 4 mg i.v. or 0.9% saline i.v. (40 in each group), 30 min before alfentanil 10 mg kg-1 i.v. During the following 5 min, patients were observed for signs of perinasal scratching and at 5 min were asked about symptoms of pruritus. The study was then terminated and anaesthesia was induced. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of scratching in patients receiving ondansetron compared with placebo (42.5% vs 70%, respectively, P = 0.013). The incidence of itching in the ondansetron group was less than that in the placebo group but this was not statistically significant (30% vs 42.5%, respectively, P = 0.245). We conclude that the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron may have a role in the management of opioid-induced pruritus.  (+info)

Modulation of irritation-induced increase of E-selectin mRNA in vivo by topically applied corticosteroids. (6/493)

There is a continuous need for methods to evaluate the biologic effects of topically applied drugs in the skin. Irritation of the epidermis with sodium dodecyl sulfate leads to an upregulation of E-selectin on endothelial cells and E-selectin mRNA can be detected in vivo within a short time. This study was aimed to investigate whether this biologic response can be used as a read-out for the anti-inflammatory effect of topically administered corticosteroids. We investigated skin of healthy volunteers treated according to the two following experimental protocols: (i) topical application of different corticosteroids (versus basic ointments as controls) for 12 h and irritation with sodium dodecyl sulfate 1% for 4 h; (ii) irritation with sodium dodecyl sulfate 1% for 12 h and application of the corticosteroids for 5 h. The biopsy specimens were subjected to RNA extraction and reverse transcription and competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed using defined concentrations of a pre-constructed mimic DNA. As result, we found strong positive signals for wild-type E-selectin mRNA in all biopsies pretreated with basic ointments, whereas in biopsies from areas pretreated with corticosteroids the bands for wild-type E-selectin DNA could be detected at 10-1000 lower levels of mimic DNA concentrations. The reverse experiment, application of corticosteroids after the irritation, again yielded significantly reduced signals for E-selectin mRNA. In both experimental settings, the different strength of the topical corticosteroids used was reflected by significant differences in the amount of E-selectin mRNA found in the biopsies. This study demonstrates the pharmacologic effect of topical corticosteroids on the irritation-induced E-selectin mRNA expression on dermal endothelial cells in vivo using very small tissue samples and this approach may be of value for further pharmaceutical studies.  (+info)

Tissue deposits of hydroxyethyl starch (HES): dose-dependent and time-related. (7/493)

Tissue deposits occur after administration of plasma substitutes. After hydroxyethyl starch (HES), deposits may last for months, causing pruritus and impairment of function. Because elimination of HES deposits has not been demonstrated in humans, we studied 26 patients, for up to 7 yr after HES administration, to assess HES storage. HES dose ranged from 0.34 to 15.00 g kg-1 body weight, and administration intervals from 1 day to 7 yr. Biopsies of the liver, muscle, spleen, intestine or skin were studied using light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. HES storage was dose-dependent, decreased in all organs with time and was greater in patients suffering from pruritus. We conclude that tissue deposition of HES is transitory and dose-dependent, with differences between subjects in severity and duration.  (+info)

Fully human anti-interleukin-8 monoclonal antibodies: potential therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory disease states. (8/493)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent chemotactic cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory disease states. Agents that block the binding of IL-8 to its receptor have been shown to block inflammation in animal models of disease. This suggests that drugs specifically targeting IL-8 may prove efficacious in treating multiple human diseases. To this end, we developed a panel of fully human anti-IL-8 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These human antibodies were generated from XenoMouse strains, mice created by introducing megabase-size unrearranged human immunoglobulin heavy and kappa light chain loci into a mouse genome in which the corresponding endogenous loci have been inactivated. From the panel of more than 50 mAbs, two antibodies, K4.3 and K2.2, were further characterized and evaluated for their specificity, productivity, affinity, and biological activity. Both K4.3 and K2.2 bind human IL-8 with high affinity (Kd of K4.3 = 2.1x10(10) M; Kd of K2.2 = 2.5x10(-10) M). In vitro, in addition to blocking IL-8 binding to human neutrophils, K4.3 and K2.2 blocked a number of IL-8-dependent cellular functions including neutrophil activation, up-regulation of the cell adhesion receptor CD11b/CD18, and neutrophil chemotaxis, suggesting that the fully human anti-IL-8 mAbs derived from XenoMouse strains are potent anti-inflammatory agents. This was further supported by in vivo studies in which K4.3 and K2.2 significantly inhibited IL-8-induced skin inflammation in rabbits. A pharmacokinetic study in Cynomolgus monkeys demonstrated that the alpha phase half-life is 9.4 h and the beta phase 10.9 days, typical of human mAbs in monkeys. These data support advancing a fully human anti-IL-8 mAb into clinical trials to treat inflammatory diseases.  (+info)

A "drug eruption" is a general term used to describe an adverse skin reaction that occurs as a result of taking a medication. These reactions can vary in severity and appearance, and may include symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, redness, blistering, or peeling of the skin. In some cases, drug eruptions can also cause systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, or joint pain.

The exact mechanism by which drugs cause eruptions is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve an abnormal immune response to the medication. There are many different types of drug eruptions, including morphilliform rashes, urticaria (hives), fixed drug eruptions, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), which is a severe and potentially life-threatening reaction.

If you suspect that you are experiencing a drug eruption, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. Your healthcare provider can help determine the cause of the reaction and recommend appropriate treatment. In some cases, it may be necessary to discontinue the medication causing the reaction and switch to an alternative therapy.

Tooth eruption is the process by which a tooth emerges from the gums and becomes visible in the oral cavity. It is a normal part of dental development that occurs in a predictable sequence and timeframe. Primary or deciduous teeth, also known as baby teeth, begin to erupt around 6 months of age and continue to emerge until approximately 2-3 years of age. Permanent or adult teeth start to erupt around 6 years of age and can continue to emerge until the early twenties.

The process of tooth eruption involves several stages, including the formation of the tooth within the jawbone, the movement of the tooth through the bone and surrounding tissues, and the final emergence of the tooth into the mouth. Proper tooth eruption is essential for normal oral function, including chewing, speaking, and smiling. Any abnormalities in the tooth eruption process, such as delayed or premature eruption, can indicate underlying dental or medical conditions that require further evaluation and treatment.

Lichenoid eruptions are skin reactions that resemble the appearance of lichen, a type of slow-growing fungus. These eruptions are characterized by flat, scaly bumps (papules) and rough, discolored patches (plaques) on the skin. They can be caused by various factors, including medications, medical conditions, or as a reaction to certain chemicals or substances that come into contact with the skin.

The term "lichenoid" refers to the resemblance of these eruptions to lichen, which is characterized by its distinctive appearance and growth pattern. Lichenoid eruptions can occur anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on sun-exposed areas such as the arms, legs, and trunk.

The exact cause of lichenoid eruptions can vary, but they are often associated with an autoimmune response in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells. This can lead to inflammation, redness, itching, and other symptoms associated with these eruptions. Treatment for lichenoid eruptions typically involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause, as well as managing symptoms with topical medications or other therapies.

Intertrigo is a skin condition that occurs in warm, moist areas of the body where skin rubs together or overlaps, such as the groin, armpits, beneath the breasts, and between folds of fatty tissue. It is characterized by red, raw, itchy, or painful skin that may ooze or become scaly. Intertrigo can be caused by fungal or bacterial infections, excessive sweating, friction, or poor hygiene. Treatment typically involves keeping the affected area dry and exposed to air, using antifungal or antibacterial medications, and maintaining good personal hygiene.

Erythema multiforme is a skin condition that typically presents as symmetric, red, raised spots or bumps on the skin and mucous membranes. The rash can vary in appearance, but it often has a target-like or irregular shape with central dusky or necrotic areas surrounded by pale rings and red flares. The rash usually begins on the extremities, such as the hands and feet, and then spreads to involve other parts of the body, including the trunk and face.

Erythema multiforme can be caused by various triggers, including infections (most commonly herpes simplex virus), medications, and other medical conditions. The condition is thought to represent a hypersensitivity reaction, where the immune system attacks the skin and mucous membranes.

The severity of erythema multiforme can range from mild to severe, with some cases causing significant pain and discomfort. In more severe cases, the rash may be accompanied by fever, mouth sores, and other systemic symptoms. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause, if known, as well as providing supportive care for the skin lesions. Topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and pain relievers may be used to help manage symptoms.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Volcanic Eruptions" are not a medical term or concept. Volcanic eruptions refer to the release of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano's opening, or vent, onto the Earth's surface. This is a geological event that occurs due to the movement of tectonic plates and the build-up of pressure within the Earth's crust.

If you have any medical questions or terms you would like me to define, please feel free to ask!

Pityriasis rosea is a common, self-limited skin condition characterized by the development of oval or round, scaly, pinkish, inflamed patches on the skin. The initial lesion, known as the "herald patch," often appears before other lesions and measures 2-10 cm in diameter. It usually starts as a single, solitary, scaly, raised patch on the trunk that precedes the generalized eruption by about 1-2 weeks. The rash typically spreads to involve the chest, abdomen, back, arms, and legs, sparing the face, palms, and soles.

The rash is often asymptomatic but can be pruritic (itchy) in some cases. It usually resolves within 6-12 weeks without any treatment, although topical treatments such as corticosteroids or antihistamines may be used to relieve itching. The exact cause of pityriasis rosea is not known, but it is thought to be caused by a viral infection. It is more common in young adults and is more prevalent in the spring and fall seasons.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare, serious and potentially life-threatening skin reaction that usually occurs as a reaction to medication but can also be caused by an infection. SJS is characterized by the detachment of the epidermis (top layer of the skin) from the dermis (the layer underneath). It primarily affects the mucous membranes, such as those lining the eyes, mouth, throat, and genitals, causing painful raw areas that are prone to infection.

SJS is considered a severe form of erythema multiforme (EM), another skin condition, but it's much more serious and can be fatal. The symptoms of SJS include flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat, and fatigue, followed by a red or purplish rash that spreads and blisters, eventually leading to the detachment of the top layer of skin.

The exact cause of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is not always known, but it's often triggered by medications such as antibiotics, anti-convulsants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antiretroviral drugs. Infections caused by herpes simplex virus or Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also trigger SJS.

Treatment for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome typically involves hospitalization, supportive care, wound care, and medication to manage pain and prevent infection. Discontinuing the offending medication is crucial in managing this condition. In severe cases, patients may require treatment in a burn unit or intensive care unit.

Vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition that affects the vulva, which is the external female genital area. The main symptom is persistent, often burning or irritating pain without an identifiable cause. Some women may experience pain only when the area is touched (provoked vulvodynia), while others have constant pain (unprovoked vulvodynia).

The pain can significantly affect a woman's quality of life, making everyday activities like sitting, wearing tight clothes, or having sex uncomfortable or even unbearable. The exact cause of vulvodynia is not known, but it may be associated with nerve damage or irritation, hormonal changes, muscle spasms, allergies, or past genital infections. Treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach and can include medication, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and counseling.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination is an antibiotic medication used to treat various bacterial infections. It contains two active ingredients: trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, which work together to inhibit the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to synthesize folic acid, a vital component for their survival.

Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic agent that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme needed for bacterial growth, while sulfamethoxazole is a bacteriostatic sulfonamide that inhibits the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate by blocking the action of the enzyme bacterial dihydropteroate synthase. The combination of these two agents produces a synergistic effect, increasing the overall antibacterial activity of the medication.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections, middle ear infections, bronchitis, traveler's diarrhea, and pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), a severe lung infection that can occur in people with weakened immune systems. It is also used as a prophylactic treatment to prevent PCP in individuals with HIV/AIDS or other conditions that compromise the immune system.

As with any medication, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination can have side effects and potential risks, including allergic reactions, skin rashes, gastrointestinal symptoms, and blood disorders. It is essential to follow the prescribing physician's instructions carefully and report any adverse reactions promptly.

Dermatology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and conditions related to the skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who has completed specialized training in this field. They are qualified to treat a wide range of skin conditions, including acne, eczema, psoriasis, skin cancer, and many others. Dermatologists may also perform cosmetic procedures to improve the appearance of the skin or to treat signs of aging.

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, refer to any medical condition that affects the skin, which is the largest organ of the human body. These diseases can affect the skin's function, appearance, or overall health. They can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, allergies, environmental factors, and aging.

Skin diseases can present in many different forms, such as rashes, blisters, sores, discolorations, growths, or changes in texture. Some common examples of skin diseases include acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, fungal infections, viral infections, bacterial infections, and skin cancer.

The symptoms and severity of skin diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and individual factors. Some skin diseases are mild and can be treated with over-the-counter medications or topical creams, while others may require more intensive treatments such as prescription medications, light therapy, or even surgery.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual or persistent changes in your skin, as some skin diseases can be serious or indicative of other underlying health conditions. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

Drug hypersensitivity is an abnormal immune response to a medication or its metabolites. It is a type of adverse drug reaction that occurs in susceptible individuals, characterized by the activation of the immune system leading to inflammation and tissue damage. This reaction can range from mild symptoms such as skin rashes, hives, and itching to more severe reactions like anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions can be classified into two main types: immediate (or IgE-mediated) and delayed (or non-IgE-mediated). Immediate reactions occur within minutes to a few hours after taking the medication and are mediated by the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. Delayed reactions, on the other hand, can take several days to develop and are caused by T-cell activation and subsequent cytokine release.

Common drugs that can cause hypersensitivity reactions include antibiotics (such as penicillins and sulfonamides), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), monoclonal antibodies, and chemotherapeutic agents. It is important to note that previous exposure to a medication does not always guarantee the development of hypersensitivity reactions, as they can also occur after the first administration in some cases.

The diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and sometimes skin or laboratory tests. Treatment typically includes avoiding the offending medication and managing symptoms with antihistamines, corticosteroids, or other medications as needed. In severe cases, emergency medical care may be required to treat anaphylaxis or other life-threatening reactions.

Acneiform eruptions refer to skin conditions that resemble or mimic the appearance of acne vulgaris. These eruptions are characterized by the presence of papules, pustules, and comedones on the skin. However, acneiform eruptions are not true acne and can be caused by various factors such as medications, infections, or underlying medical conditions.

Some examples of acneiform eruptions include:

* Drug-induced acne: Certain medications such as corticosteroids, lithium, and antiepileptic drugs can cause an acne-like rash as a side effect.
* Rosacea: A chronic skin condition that causes redness, flushing, and pimple-like bumps on the face.
* Pseudofolliculitis barbae: A condition that occurs when curly hair grows back into the skin after shaving, causing inflammation and acne-like lesions.
* Gram-negative folliculitis: A bacterial infection that can occur as a complication of long-term antibiotic use for acne treatment.

It is important to distinguish acneiform eruptions from true acne vulgaris, as the treatment approach may differ depending on the underlying cause. Dermatologists or healthcare providers specializing in skin conditions can provide an accurate diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options.

In medical terms, the skin is the largest organ of the human body. It consists of two main layers: the epidermis (outer layer) and dermis (inner layer), as well as accessory structures like hair follicles, sweat glands, and oil glands. The skin plays a crucial role in protecting us from external factors such as bacteria, viruses, and environmental hazards, while also regulating body temperature and enabling the sense of touch.

The adrenal cortex hormones are a group of steroid hormones produced and released by the outer portion (cortex) of the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes, including:

1. Glucose metabolism: Cortisol helps control blood sugar levels by increasing glucose production in the liver and reducing its uptake in peripheral tissues.
2. Protein and fat metabolism: Cortisol promotes protein breakdown and fatty acid mobilization, providing essential building blocks for energy production during stressful situations.
3. Immune response regulation: Cortisol suppresses immune function to prevent overactivation and potential damage to the body during stress.
4. Cardiovascular function: Aldosterone regulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure by promoting sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
5. Sex hormone production: The adrenal cortex produces small amounts of sex hormones, such as androgens and estrogens, which contribute to sexual development and function.
6. Growth and development: Cortisol plays a role in normal growth and development by influencing the activity of growth-promoting hormones like insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).

The main adrenal cortex hormones include:

1. Glucocorticoids: Cortisol is the primary glucocorticoid, responsible for regulating metabolism and stress response.
2. Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid, involved in electrolyte balance and blood pressure regulation.
3. Androgens: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate derivative (DHEAS) are the most abundant adrenal androgens, contributing to sexual development and function.
4. Estrogens: Small amounts of estrogens are produced by the adrenal cortex, mainly in women.

Disorders related to impaired adrenal cortex hormone production or regulation can lead to various clinical manifestations, such as Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency), Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism), and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Ectopic tooth eruption is a condition where a tooth fails to erupt into its normal position in the dental arch. Instead, it emerupts in an abnormal location, such as in the wrong direction or through another tissue like the gums, palate, or jawbone. This can occur due to various reasons, including genetics, crowding of teeth, or trauma. Ectopic tooth eruption may cause problems with oral function and dental health, and treatment options depend on the severity and location of the ectopic tooth.

The dental sac, also known as the dental follicle, is a soft tissue structure that surrounds the developing tooth crown during odontogenesis, which is the process of tooth development. It is derived from the ectoderm and mesenchyme of the embryonic oral cavity. The dental sac gives rise to several important structures associated with the tooth, including the periodontal ligament, cementum, and the alveolar bone that surrounds and supports the tooth in the jaw.

The dental sac plays a critical role in tooth development by regulating the mineralization of the tooth crown and providing a protective environment for the developing tooth. It also contains cells called odontoblasts, which are responsible for producing dentin, one of the hard tissues that make up the tooth. Abnormalities in the development or growth of the dental sac can lead to various dental anomalies, such as impacted teeth, dilacerated roots, and other developmental disorders.

In the context of dentistry, a molar is a type of tooth found in the back of the mouth. They are larger and wider than other types of teeth, such as incisors or canines, and have a flat biting surface with multiple cusps. Molars are primarily used for grinding and chewing food into smaller pieces that are easier to swallow. Humans typically have twelve molars in total, including the four wisdom teeth.

In medical terminology outside of dentistry, "molar" can also refer to a unit of mass in the apothecaries' system of measurement, which is equivalent to 4.08 grams. However, this usage is less common and not related to dental or medical anatomy.

An incisor is a type of tooth that is primarily designed for biting off food pieces rather than chewing or grinding. They are typically chisel-shaped, flat, and have a sharp cutting edge. In humans, there are eight incisors - four on the upper jaw and four on the lower jaw, located at the front of the mouth. Other animals such as dogs, cats, and rodents also have incisors that they use for different purposes like tearing or gnawing.

Examples of common drugs causing drug eruptions are antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs, sulfa drugs, nonsteroidal anti- ... In medicine, a drug eruption is an adverse drug reaction of the skin. Most drug-induced cutaneous reactions are mild and ... These are called "simple" drug eruptions. However, more serious drug eruptions may be associated with organ injury such as ... drug eruption is the term for a drug eruption that occurs in the same skin area every time the person is exposed to the drug. ...
Bong JL, Lucke TW, Douglas WS (January 2000). "Lichenoid drug eruption with proton pump inhibitors". BMJ. 320 (7230): 283. doi: ... "Lichenoid drug eruption". Dermatology Online Journal. 15 (8): 13. ISSN 1087-2108. PMID 19891921. ... Lichenoid+eruptions at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) "White : Diseases of the Skin - ... A lichenoid eruption is a skin disease characterized by damage and infiltration between the epidermis and dermis. Examples ...
Mercury Drug, a major pharmaceutical chain, pledged to replenish supply for the masks where prices would remain steady and that ... Phreatomagmatic eruptions, VEI-4 eruptions, Volcanic eruptions in the Philippines, Volcanic eruptions in 2022, Plinian ... "Survivors of Pinatubo eruption send aid to victims of Taal eruption". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on January 13 ... There is also a chance there was another short-lived eruption a few days prior to the eruptions on the 17th. Between January 29 ...
Drug eruptions). ... HIV disease-related drug reaction is an adverse drug reaction ... Diagnosis of HIV drug caused drug induced liver injury (DILI): The most important way to figure out whether the ART drug causes ... Genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes are associated with a higher risk of adverse drug reactions in people with HIV ... there are reports of people who received treatment and developed a severe adverse drug reaction such as a drug-induced liver ...
"Drug Trials Snapshots: Aklief". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 11 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 ... Since faces are typically left uncovered at all stages of life there's little-to-no likelihood for an eruption to appear there ... Aslam I, Fleischer A, Feldman S (March 2015). "Emerging drugs for the treatment of acne". Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs ( ... Aslam I, Fleischer A, Feldman S (March 2015). "Emerging drugs for the treatment of acne". Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs. 20 ...
Harr T, French LE (2012). "Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis". Adverse Cutaneous Drug Eruptions. pp. 149- ... "Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients". Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 74 (1): 80. doi:10.4103/0378- ... Several Zithromax lawsuits have been filed against Pfizer alleging that the drug maker failed to warn the medical community and ... This is a list of drugs and substances that are known or suspected to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome. ...
Patients usually present with the skin eruption 1-2 weeks after use of the cytotoxic drug. Sometimes, the skin eruption can be ... Chemotherapy-induced drug eruptions. In: Dermatopathology in systemic disease. Smoller BR, Horn TD (Eds). Oxford University ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Conditions of the skin appendages, Drug eruptions, ... Skin eruptions can be located on the extremities, trunk, and face. Severe lesions are rare, and can mimic cellulitis. ...
Mancano, Michael A.; Esordi, Morgan V.; Patel, Darshil D.; Milenki, Kristen J. (2019-04-01). "ISMP Adverse Drug Reactions: ... Rosuvastatin-Induced Skin Eruption". Hospital Pharmacy. 53 (1): 15-17. doi:10.1177/0018578717739727. ISSN 0018-5787. PMC ... Mancano, Michael A. (2018-02-01). "ISMP Adverse Drug Reactions: Influenza Vaccine-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; Vilazodone- ... Mancano, Michael A.; Lapin, Jonathan; Paik, Andrew (2019-08-01). "ISMP Adverse Drug Reactions: Pheochromocytoma Crisis Induced ...
Raksha MP, Marfatia YS; Marfatia (2008). "Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients". Indian Journal of ... Determining what drug is the cause is based on the time interval between first use of the drug and the beginning of the skin ... The drug or metabolite covalently binds with a host protein to form a non-self, drug-related epitope. An antigen presenting ... Patients with SJS or TEN caused by a drug have a better prognosis the earlier the causative drug is withdrawn. SJS is a rare ...
Bullous Pemphigoid, Cicatricial Pemphigoid, Drug Eruptions. Epidermolysis Bullosa, Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita, Erythema ... into major and minor signs indicating PNP: Major: Polymorphic mucocutaneous eruption Concurrent internal tumor Serum antibodies ... Widespread lichenoid eruption with severe mucous membrane involvement "Lichen planus-like": Small red flat-topped scaly papules ...
"Cytomegalovirus Disease During Severe Drug Eruptions". Archives of Dermatology. 145 (9): 1030-6. doi:10.1001/archdermatol. ... A different case study found the appearance of an owl's eye in eighteen patients who were induced with drugs with a syndrome. ...
"Adverse cutaneous drug eruptions: current understanding". Seminars in Immunopathology. 38 (1): 75-86. doi:10.1007/s00281-015- ... Severe cutaneous adverse reactions Adverse drug reaction Drug allergy Drug intolerance Drug tolerance List of skin conditions ... These variations influence the levels and duration of a drug or drug metabolite in tissues and thereby impact the drug's or ... Bocquet H, Bagot M, Roujeau JC (December 1996). "Drug-induced pseudolymphoma and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (Drug Rash with ...
... (AGEP) (also known as pustular drug eruption and toxic pustuloderma) is a rare skin ... These variations influence the levels and duration of a drug or drug metabolite in tissues and thereby impact the drug's or ... For individuals developing AGEP while taking multiple drugs, non-essential drugs should be discontinued and essential drugs ... blood mononuclear cells to suspect drugs and ELISPOT tests in which specific drug-reactive lymphocytes or their drug-induced ...
... is known to cause fixed eruptions, which is a type of skin reaction to drugs, due to the quinine content. Various ... "Fixed Drug Eruption". Up To Date. Retrieved 21 January 2022. Wada (20 May 2021). "Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by tonic ... In the United States, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits the quinine content in tonic water to 83 ppm (83 mg per ... The cases of fixed eruptions were seen after the patients drank tonic water, by itself or mixed with gin. Some symptoms of the ...
... and photosensitivity drug reaction. Prickly heat, which is caused by warm weather or heat is not the same as PLE. ... Recurring yearly, the eruption can sometimes last longer than a few days if persistent and repeated sun exposure occurs. ... Benign summer light eruption is a cutaneous condition, and a name used in continental Europe, particularly France, to describe ... Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) presents with itchy red small bumps on sun-exposed skin, particularly face, neck, forearms ...
Jerome Z. Litt (25 January 2013). Litt's Drug Eruptions and Reactions Manual, 19th Edition. CRC Press. pp. 148-. ISBN 978-1- ... Jeffrey K Aronson (4 March 2014). Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A worldwide yearly survey of new data in adverse drug reactions ... The drug has only 2-fold lower affinity for the AR than DHT, the endogenous ligand of the AR in the prostate gland. When LNCaP ... The drug is described as a "second-generation" NSAA because it has greatly increased efficacy as an antiandrogen relative to so ...
Litt JZ (25 January 2013). Litt's Drug Eruptions and Reactions Manual, 19th Edition. CRC Press. pp. 148-. ISBN 978-1-84214-599- ... Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A worldwide yearly survey of new data in adverse drug reactions. Elsevier Science. 1 December ... of clinically important drugs), whereas drug interactions are few and minimal with bicalutamide. SAAs include cyproterone ... These drugs are steroids, and similarly to NSAAs, act as competitive antagonists of the AR, reducing androgenic activity in the ...
301-. ISBN 978-0-387-97972-4. Litt JZ, Shear N (17 December 2014). Litt's Drug Eruptions and Reactions Manual, 19th Edition. ... "Drugs@FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products". United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 17 December 2016. Karch SB (21 ... The drug is metabolized in the liver, mainly by 6β-hydroxylation, 5α- and 5β-reduction, 3α- and 3β-keto-oxidation, and 11β- ... The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological ...
Bandyopadhyay, D. (2003). "Celecoxib-induced fixed drug eruption". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 28 (4): 452. doi: ... and drugs/toxins. The condition may be normal or related to more severe underlying pathology. Its differential diagnosis is ... especially in drug addicts) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - connective tissue disorder, often with many secondary conditions, may be ... Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. 11 (6): 764-5. PMID 22648227. Syed, Reema H.; Moore, Terry L. (2008). "Methylphenidate and ...
Raksha MP, Marfatia YS (2008). "Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients". Indian Journal of Dermatology, ... "New Drug Application (NDA): 017463". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. ... "New Drug Application (NDA): 018989". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. ... "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA strengthens warning that non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause ...
Hormone Drugs Disulone Stress reduction Topical calcipotriol - a topical vitamin D derivative has been known to be beneficial ... Often no specific cause for the eruptions is found. However, it is sometimes linked to underlying diseases and conditions such ... Drugs including finasteride, etizolam (and benzodiazepines), chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, oestrogen, penicillin and ... Hormone Drugs) Lyme disease A skin biopsy can be performed to test for EAC; tests should be performed to rule out other ...
Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Drug eruptions). ... Phytonadione, also known as K1, is synthetically derived, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is available ... "Vitamin-k - Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Renal Dose, Hepatic Dose , Drug ...
Medications inducing fixed drug eruptions are usually those taken intermittently. A painful and itchy reddish/purple patch of ... ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6. Vidal C, Prieto A, Pérez-Carral C, Armisén M (April 1998). "Nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption due to ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Drug eruptions, All stub articles, ... Medications that are commonly implicated as a cause of fixed drug eruptions include the following: Cetirizine Ciprofloxacin ...
... is also different from another drug eruption associated with warfarin, purple toe syndrome, which usually ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Drug eruptions). ... 122-3 This drug eruption usually occurs between the third and tenth days of therapy with warfarin derivatives. The first ... Warfarin necrosis usually occurs three to five days after drug therapy is begun, and a high initial dose increases the risk of ...
... and nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption. Pseudoephedrine, particularly when combined with other drugs including narcotics, may ... American Medical Association, AMA Department of Drugs (1977). AMA Drug Evaluations. PSG Publishing Co., Inc. p. 627. Drug ... ISBN 0-9757919-2-3 Vidal C, Prieto A, Pérez-Carral C, Armisén M (April 1998). "Nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption due to ... In New Zealand, pseudoephedrine is currently classified as a Class B Part II controlled drug in the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975, ...
Tanaka M, Niizeki H, Shimizu S, Miyakawa S (October 1996). "Photoallergic drug eruption due to pyridoxine hydrochloride". The ... In France it is also approved for rheumatoid arthritis as a disease modifying drug, on the basis of the results of clinical ... de Groot AC, Nater JP, Weyland JW (1994). Unwanted Effects of Cosmetics and Drugs Used in Dermatology. Elsevier. p. 307. ISBN ... Since the 1970s, it has been a prescription and OTC drug in several countries for cognitive disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, ...
"Recurrent fixed drug eruption caused by citiolone". Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology. 7 (3): 193-4 ... Citiolone is a drug used in liver therapy. It is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine. Citilone has also been studied with ... The drug has been shown to protect hamster cells subjected to temperature conditions of 8-25 °C. de Barrio M, Tornero P, Prieto ... Drugs with no legal status, Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields, Drugboxes which contain changes to watched ...
"A purpuric drug eruption caused by carbromal". British Medical Journal. 1 (4914): 645-6. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4914.645. PMC ... The drug was later sold by Parke-Davis in combination with pentobarbital, under the name Carbrital. Diethylmalonic acid [510-20 ...
ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. v t e (Drug eruptions, All stub articles, Cutaneous condition stubs). ...
Fixed drug eruption and generalised erythema, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), erythema multiforme like ... Augustine M, Sharma P, Stephen J, Jayaseelan E (2006). "Fixed drug eruption and generalised erythema following etoricoxib". ... eruption and drug induced pretibial erythema are some serious side effects reported, besides the usual innocuous ones. Like any ... It is approved in 63 countries worldwide as of 2007, except the United States where the Food and Drug Administration sent a Non ...
Examples of common drugs causing drug eruptions are antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs, sulfa drugs, nonsteroidal anti- ... In medicine, a drug eruption is an adverse drug reaction of the skin. Most drug-induced cutaneous reactions are mild and ... These are called "simple" drug eruptions. However, more serious drug eruptions may be associated with organ injury such as ... drug eruption is the term for a drug eruption that occurs in the same skin area every time the person is exposed to the drug. ...
Drug-induced cutaneous disorders frequently display a characteristic clinical morphology such as morbilliform exanthem, ... Adverse reactions to medications are common and often manifest as a cutaneous eruption. ... 42] Fixed drug eruptions may account for as much as 16-21% of all cutaneous drug eruptions. The actual frequency may be higher ... Fixed drug eruption due to nabumetone in a patient with previous fixed drug eruptions due to naproxen. J Investig Allergol Clin ...
Drug eruptions can mimic a wide range of dermatoses. The morphologies are myriad and include morbilliform (most common, see ... encoded search term (Drug Eruptions) and Drug Eruptions What to Read Next on Medscape ... Morbilliform eruption localized to striae has been described with clindamycin. [6] Morbilliform drug eruption. View Media ... Drug-induced psoriasis: an evidence-based overview and the introduction of psoriatic drug eruption probability score. Cutan ...
Maculopapular drug eruption, Exanthematous drug eruption, Maculopapular drug exanthem. Authoritative facts from DermNet New ... What is morbilliform drug reaction?. Morbilliform drug eruption is the most common form of drug eruption. Many drugs can ... Morbilliform drug eruption is also called maculopapular drug eruption, exanthematous drug eruption and maculopapular exanthem. ... Who gets morbilliform drug eruption?. About 2% of prescriptions of new drugs cause a drug eruption. About 95% of these are ...
Fixed drug eruption induced by indapamide. Cross-reactivity with sulfonamides. *Mark. De Barrio, M ; Tornero, P ; Zubeldia, J M ... Indapamide is a nontiazidic sulfonamide diuretic which has not been previously reported as a cause of fixed drug eruption. We ... We describe a patient who experienced several episodes of fixed drug eruption during treatment with indapamide. The diagnosis ... Indapamide is a nontiazidic sulfonamide diuretic which has not been previously reported as a cause of fixed drug eruption. ...
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Synonyms (terms occurring on more labels are shown first): drug rash, drug eruption, dermatitis medicamentosa, drug eruptions ... Drug eruption. Definition: Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. ... Drugs with this side effect as MedDRA Preferred Term. *Buscopan *Fixed drug eruption ... Disclaimer: The content of this database of side effects (adverse drug reactions) is intended for educational and scientific ...
Drug eruptions caused by carbamazepine have been widely reported and often present as drug reaction with eosinophilia and ... Sara CS, Julie B, Diwa AH. Follicular mucinosis and mycosis-fungoides-like drug eruption due to leuprolide acetate: A case ... We report this case to draw the attention of the clinicians to this rare form of drug eruption (follicular mucinosis-like) ... In addition, there was a reasonable temporal relationship between the drug exposure and the eruption, and also the lesions ...
Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a type of cutaneous drug reaction that occurs at the same sites upon re-exposure to specific ... Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a type of cutaneous drug reaction that occurs at the same sites upon re-exposure to specific ...
Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema-like eruption: An addition to the spectrum of coronavirus ... Hong JK, Shin SH, Yoo KH, Li K, Seo SJ. Symmetric drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema-like eruption related to ... Orenay OM, Balta I, Yigit D, Eksioglu M. Systemic drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema like eruption after ... Lim PN, Wylie G. Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema like eruption associated with COVID-19 ...
Drug Eruptions and Reactions and Dermatologic Disorders - Learn about from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version. ... Drugs, especially sulfa drugs, antiseizure drugs, and antibiotics, are the most common... read more and toxic epidermal ... Diagnosis of Drug Eruptions and Reactions *. Clinical evaluation and drug exposure history ... Drugs, especially sulfa drugs, antiseizure drugs, and antibiotics, are the most common... read more , hypersensitivity syndrome ...
Buffalo DPW employee arrested on drug charges .cls-3{fill:#fff;fill-rule:evenodd}. ... Previous eruptions occurred in remote valleys, without causing damage. While scientists say that is the likely outcome of the ... Icelands Blue Lagoon spa closes temporarily as earthquakes put area on alert for volcanic eruption by: EGILL BJARNASON, ... "People thought a volcanic eruption was about to happen.". The area around Mount Thorbjorn on the Reykjanes Peninsula has been ...
Hilo Man Charged With Attempted Drug Distribution. Hawaiʻi County Provides Resource Hub For Displaced Maui Residents. Governor ... HVO scientists say they will continue to monitor the ongoing Kīlauea summit eruption from within an area of Hawaii Volcanoes ... Thats the lowest measurement since the eruption began. The reading is still considered elevated, but scientists say its in the ... The summit eruption plume is visible in the background. USGS photo by K. Kamibayashi. ...
Drug eruptions. Certain drugs (like antibiotics) can produce a skin rash as an unwanted side effect. The common appearance is ... If hives are caused by a drug, that drug should be avoided in the future. ... This skin eruption is caused by the occlusion of sweat ducts during hot, humid weather. It can occur at any age but is most ... This bumpy scaling eruption does not weep or ooze. Psoriasis tends to occur on the scalp, elbows, and knees. The skin condition ...
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Chemical photosensitivity. A number of chemicals - drugs, medicated lotions, fragrances, plant products - can induce ... For polymorphous light eruption, some basic questions to ask your health care provider include:. *Whats the most likely cause ... To lessen the likelihood of recurring episodes of polymorphous light eruption, take the following precautions:. *Avoid the sun ... Treatment of polymorphous light eruption usually isnt needed because the rash usually goes away on its own within 10 days. If ...
Drug-induced cutaneous disorders frequently display a characteristic clinical morphology such as morbilliform exanthem, ... Adverse reactions to medications are common and often manifest as a cutaneous eruption. ... 16] Fixed drug eruptions may account for as much as 16-21% of all cutaneous drug eruptions. The actual frequency may be higher ... Fixed drug eruption due to nabumetone in a patient with previous fixed drug eruptions due to naproxen. J Investig Allergol Clin ...
One arrested, suspected drugs, weapons, & stolen … .cls-3{fill:#fff;fill-rule:evenodd}. ... The eruptions from the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano sent ash as high as 13 kilometers (8 miles) above sea level, officials said ... Eruption of Eurasias tallest active volcano sends ash columns above a Russian peninsula by: AP ...
The eruption was so powerful that researchers need to invent a whole new classification for it. ... Can antiviral drugs prevent long COVID?. By Ziyad Al-Aly, Suman Majumdar, Emma Pakula, Michelle Scoullar, Brendan Crabb. ... Such eruptions are known as Surtseyan eruptions.. However, the explosive Jan. 15 eruption - which sent a column of steam rising ... Helens eruption exploded with 24 megatons of energy, while the 1883 Krakatoa eruption unleashed 200 megatons of energy, ...
Drug Eruptions: Fixed Drug Eruptions. July 2, 2019. Fixed drug eruptions are common and manifest as edematous plaques in the ... Posts Categorized: Drug Eruption Drug Eruptions: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). July 4, 2019. ... Tags: Capecitabine drug eruption eruptions sweet Sweets Syndrome. ... Drug Eruptions: Capecitabine induced Sweets Syndrome. July 3, 2019. Sweets syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, ...
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Pleasedo not use this form to submit personal or patient medical information or to report adverse drug events. You are ... Etiology: Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is an acquired disease, but the etiology is not fully known. PMLE is an idiopathic ... Hallmark: The initial eruption consists of an itchy, acute facial or forearm dermatitis with edematous papules and vesicles ( ...
Do generic drugs work as well as brand name? Heres what to know.. *Science ... Tongas volcanic eruption was even more massive than we knew. The ferocious 2021 explosion blew out 2.3 cubic miles of rock, ... The hope is that the worst of the eruption is over. But even if that turns out to be the case, the damage has already been done ... But its too soon to know for sure how things will unfold in the wake of this eruption. So for now, all eyes remain firmly ...
Drugs belonging to indication Pancreatic cancer. *. Title. Drug name. Adverse reaction. Drug class. Herbals and supplements. ...
Annular lesions occur less commonly in persons with fixed drug eruptions, leprosy, immunoglobulin A vasculitis, secondary ... Sehgal VN, Srivastava G. Fixed drug eruption (FDE): changing scenario of incriminating drugs. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45(8):897- ... The rash develops 30 minutes to eight hours after ingestion of the drug. Sulfa drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ... The rash caused by a fixed drug eruption is characterized by groups of erythematous or violaceous patches or plaques (Figure 9) ...
Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is a skin reaction to sunlight. It causes a rash of small bumps or raised plaques. Learn more ... If the drug could be making PLE worse, discuss this with a doctor. ... Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is a common skin rash that occurs due to sunlight exposure. PLE causes small bumps or raised ... 2014). Prevention of polymorphic light eruption by oral administration of a nutritional supplement containing lycopene, β- ...
Dyna Drug Service Announcement 03162020. Read Now. Novel Coronavirus: What You Need to Know. Read Now. Dyna Drug Service ... TUV NORD Quality Certification Awarded to Dyna Drug Corporation. Read Now. Dyna Drug Service Announcement 03232020. Read Now. ... Taal Volcano Eruption: Safety Tips and Preparedness. The eruption of Taal Volcano has caused ash fall to spread to nearby ... Copyright © 2023 Dyna Drug Corporation. All rights reserved. Powered by Passion. ...
Cutaneous drug eruptions cover a spectrum of diseases and clinical signs. They can vary markedly in clinical appearance and ... Cutaneous Drug Eruptions in Dogs. Cutaneous drug eruptions cover a spectrum of diseases and clinical signs. They can vary ... Can occur after the first dose of the drug, or after weeks to months of administration of the same drug due to sensitization ( ... It is likely that many mild drug reactions go unnoticed or unreported; thus, incidence rates for specific drugs are unknown and ...
Psoriasiform Drug Eruption Associated with Sodium Valproate. Gulen Gul Mert , Faruk Incecik , ... , Sakir Altunbasak ...
Fixed drug eruption induced by ibuprofen gel Bengü Nisa AKAY 1, Ayşe BOYVAT 1, Hatice ŞANLI 1, Aynur AKYOL 1, Nihal KUNDAKÇI , ... Fixed drug eruption is a common cutaneous reaction which may be seen in reaction to several medications. For the etiological ... Bullous fixed drug eruption mimicking toxic epidermal necrolysis due to a topical agent has not been previously reported. Here ... evaluation of fixed drug eruption, topical provocation with patch testing on sites of previous lesions is frequently applied. ...
  • HUSAVIK, Iceland (AP) - The Blue Lagoon geothermal spa - one of Iceland's biggest tourist attractions - closed temporarily as a swarm of earthquakes put the island nation's most populated region on alert for a possible volcanic eruption. (wivb.com)
  • People thought a volcanic eruption was about to happen. (wivb.com)
  • Iceland, which sits above a volcanic hotspot in the North Atlantic, averages an eruption every four to five years. (wivb.com)
  • Seismic activity in southwestern Iceland decreased in size and intensity on Monday, but the risk of a volcanic eruption remained significant, authorities said, after earthquakes and evidence of magma spreading underground in recent weeks. (ctvnews.ca)
  • The volcanic eruption in the South Pacific Kingdom of Tonga peaked on Jan. 15 with more explosive force than 100 simultaneous Hiroshima bombs, NASA scientists reported on Monday (Jan 24). (livescience.com)
  • It also makes Tonga the most powerful volcanic eruption seen on Earth in more than 30 years, since the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991. (livescience.com)
  • Learn about the major types of volcanoes, the geological process behind eruptions, and where the most destructive volcanic eruption ever witnessed occurred. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • A 2020 explosion in Lebanon's port city of Beirut led to a southward-bound, high-velocity atmospheric wave that rivaled ones generated by volcanic eruptions. (scitechdaily.com)
  • FILE - Plumes of steam rise above White Island off the coast of Whakatane, New Zealand, on Dec. 11, 2019, following a volcanic eruption on Dec. 9. (wsav.com)
  • A trial of New Zealand tourism operators accused of safety breaches after 22 people died in a 2019 volcanic eruption ended Tuesday, Oct. 31, 2023, with the last remaining defendant being found guilty on one count. (wsav.com)
  • Yakima received over an inch of volcanic ash from the May 18 eruption. (cdc.gov)
  • Volcanic eruptions may release selenium in air. (cdc.gov)
  • Your health care provider can probably make a diagnosis of polymorphous light eruption based on a physical exam and your answers to questions. (mayoclinic.org)
  • If your skin reacts to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, you're considered sensitive to sunlight (photosensitive) and may have polymorphous light eruption or another light-induced disorder. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Treatment of polymorphous light eruption usually isn't needed because the rash usually goes away on its own within 10 days. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Your health care provider may suggest phototherapy to prevent seasonal episodes of polymorphous light eruption if you have disabling symptoms. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Etiology: Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is an acquired disease, but the etiology is not fully known. (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: Polymorphous Light Eruption - Medscape - Jun 01, 2008. (medscape.com)
  • Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is a common skin rash that occurs due to sunlight exposure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • There was no sign of dermal oedema seen in polymorphous light eruption and no germinal follicle formation as would be observed in lymphocytoma cutis or cutaneous follicular centre cell lymphoma. (who.int)
  • In August 2022, a three-week eruption happened in the same area, followed by another in July of this year. (ctvnews.ca)
  • Compared to the peak pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, Canada experienced an uptick in prescription drug shortages in 2022 that Health Canada says has continued throughout 2023. (ctvnews.ca)
  • La Palma Eruption 2022 Follow-up. (hogueprophecy.com)
  • Some of the most severe and life-threatening examples of drug eruptions are erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), hypersensitivity vasculitis, drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), erythroderma and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). (wikipedia.org)
  • Using a combination of satellite and surface-based surveys, researchers calculated the explosive power of the volcano based on the amount of rock that was removed during the blast from the island of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai where it sits, the apparent height of the eruption cloud and several other factors. (livescience.com)
  • NOAA's GOES West satellite captured the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano, located in the South Pacific Kingdom of Tonga. (livescience.com)
  • The Tonga volcano erupted violently on Jan. 15, several weeks after a series of smaller eruptions in late December 2021 shook the uninhabited island of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai. (livescience.com)
  • Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai is located in region of the South Pacific that's jam-packed with volcanoes-some above the waves, some far below-that have a penchant for violent eruptions. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Fixed drug eruption is a pruritic or burning, sharply circumscribed, round-to-oval patch with violaceous or dusky erythema. (aafp.org)
  • The most disruptive in recent times was the 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano, which spewed huge clouds of ash into the atmosphere and led to widespread airspace closures over Europe. (wivb.com)
  • HAWAIʻI VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK - Today, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory noted intermittent spattering from the west vents in the summit crater, and SO2 rates were the lowest recorded since the eruption began. (bigislandvideonews.com)
  • The eruptions from the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano sent ash as high as 13 kilometers (8 miles) above sea level, officials said. (fourstateshomepage.com)
  • The eruption of Taal Volcano has caused ash fall to spread to nearby regions including CALABARZON, NCR, and Region 3. (dynadrug.com)
  • They found that the wave generated by the Beirut blast was slightly larger than a wave generated by the 2004 eruption of Asama Volcano in central Japan, and comparable to ones that followed other recent eruptions on Japanese islands. (scitechdaily.com)
  • White Island, the tip of an undersea volcano also known by its Indigenous Māori name Whakaari, was a popular tourist destination before the eruption. (wsav.com)
  • As I've mentioned, I will be giving a talk here at Denison on the Eyjafjallajökull eruption and how the events unfolded on the internet - specifically, I'm interested in the idea of the general public taking an active role in volcano monitoring. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Bullous fixed drug eruption mimicking toxic epidermal necrolysis due to a topical agent has not been previously reported. (aai.org.tr)
  • Here we describe a case of generalized bullous fixed drug eruption due to ibuprofen gel. (aai.org.tr)
  • Angioedema can also be drug-induced (most notably, by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors). (wikipedia.org)
  • There has been a report in the past of drug eruptions induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that resemble lymphocytic infiltrate (of Jessner-Kanof) [6]. (who.int)
  • The most common type of eruption is a morbilliform (resembling measles) or erythematous rash (approximately 90% of cases). (wikipedia.org)
  • Morbilliform eruption localized to striae has been described with clindamycin. (medscape.com)
  • Morbilliform drug eruption. (medscape.com)
  • Morbilliform drug eruption is the most common form of drug eruption . (dermnetnz.org)
  • A morbilliform skin rash in an adult is usually due to a drug. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Numerous other drugs have been reported to cause morbilliform drug eruptions, including herbal and natural therapies. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Morbilliform drug eruption is a form of allergic reaction. (dermnetnz.org)
  • What are the clinical features of morbilliform drug eruption? (dermnetnz.org)
  • On the first occasion, a morbilliform rash usually appears 1-2 weeks after starting the drug, but it may occur up to 1 week after stopping it. (dermnetnz.org)
  • It is very rare for a drug that has been taken for months or years to cause a morbilliform drug eruption. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Morbilliform drug eruption usually first appears on the trunk and then spreads to the limbs and neck. (dermnetnz.org)
  • In the early phase, it may not be possible to clinically distinguish an uncomplicated morbilliform eruption from other more serious cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR). (dermnetnz.org)
  • How is morbilliform drug eruption diagnosed? (dermnetnz.org)
  • Repeated exposure to the offending drug may cause new lesions to develop in addition to "lighting up" the older hyperpigmented lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Several variants of fixed drug eruption have been described, based on their clinical features and the distribution of the lesions. (medscape.com)
  • [ 10 ] CD8 + effector/memory T cells play an important role in reactivation of lesions with re-exposure to the offending drug. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, when reexposure to the drug occurs, a more rapid response develops in the exact location of any prior lesions. (medscape.com)
  • On re-exposure to the causative (or related) drug, skin lesions appear within 1-3 days. (dermnetnz.org)
  • For the etiological evaluation of fixed drug eruption, topical provocation with patch testing on sites of previous lesions is frequently applied. (aai.org.tr)
  • Whereas Type B or hypersensitivity reactions, are often immune-mediated and reproducible with repeated exposure to normal dosages of a given drug. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike type A reactions, the mechanism of type B or hypersensitivity drug reactions is not fully elucidated. (wikipedia.org)
  • These severe cutaneous drug eruptions are categorized as hypersensitivity reactions and are immune-mediated. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are four types of hypersensitivity reactions and many drugs can induce one or more hypersensitivity reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Desensitization Drug hypersensitivity is an immune-mediated reaction to a drug. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Examples of common drugs causing drug eruptions are antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs, sulfa drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), biopharmaceuticals, chemotherapy agents, anticonvulsants and psychotropic drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sulfa refers to sulfonamides, known as sulfa drugs, while sulfite is commonly found in wine, processed food, and condiments. (healthline.com)
  • Sulfa drugs were the first successful treatment against bacterial infections in the 1930s. (healthline.com)
  • Frequently these medications are taken intermittently and include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (pyrazolone derivatives, paracetamol, naproxen, oxicams and mefenamic acid), sulfonamides, and trimethoprim are frequent offenders. (acadderm.com)
  • Palla S, G S, Sethuraman V. Oral fixed drug eruptions to mefenamic acid - adverse drug reaction to over the counter medication taken for menstrual pain. (medpharmareports.com)
  • However, the occurrence of oral fixed drug eruptions (FDE) to mefenamic acid is unique. (medpharmareports.com)
  • In 2021, the Food and Drug Administration approved 50 new drugs, but 24 will not be described here because they would probably not be used in pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Common examples include photodermatitis due to local NSAIDs (such as piroxicam) or due to antibiotics (such as minocycline), fixed drug eruption due to acetaminophen or NSAIDs (Ibuprofen), and the rash following ampicillin in cases of mononucleosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, they can mimic various other conditions, thus delaying diagnosis (for example, in drug-induced lupus erythematosus, or the acne-like rash caused by erlotinib). (wikipedia.org)
  • The typical amount of time it takes for a rash to appear after exposure to a drug can help categorize the type of reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The starting date of each new drug is documented together with the onset of the rash. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Certain drugs (like antibiotics) can produce a skin rash as an unwanted side effect. (medicinenet.com)
  • The major categories of causative agents of fixed drug eruption include antibiotics, antiepileptics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, sildenafil, and phenothiazines, although numerous other agents and certain foods such as cashews and licorice have also been reported as causative agents. (medscape.com)
  • [ 21 ] Fixed drug eruption may rarely be related to foods, including residual antibiotics in meat products and quinine contained in tonic water. (medscape.com)
  • Many drugs can trigger this allergic reaction , but antibiotics are the most common group. (dermnetnz.org)
  • They mainly affect people prescribed beta-lactam antibiotics ( penicillins , cephalosporins), sulfonamides, allopurinol, anti-epileptic drugs and nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs ( NSAID ) . (dermnetnz.org)
  • While fixed drug eruptions are uncommon with general anesthesia, propofol has been implicated in causing a drug eruption on the penis. (medscape.com)
  • Eruptions can occur frequently with a certain drug (for example, with phenytoin), or be very rare (for example, Sweet's syndrome following the administration of colony-stimulating factors). (wikipedia.org)
  • Because the reaction may not occur until several days or even weeks after first exposure to the drug, it is important to consider all new drugs and not only the one that has been most recently started. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Will there be an eruption and if so, what sort of damage will occur? (ctvnews.ca)
  • Rarely, cases of serum sickness-like reactions can occur around 10 days after a sulfa drug treatment begins. (healthline.com)
  • In medicine, a drug eruption is an adverse drug reaction of the skin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms usually occurs between 15 and 40 days after exposure. (wikipedia.org)
  • A drug-induced reaction should be considered in any patient who is taking medications and who suddenly develops a symmetric cutaneous eruption. (medscape.com)
  • Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a type of cutaneous drug reaction that occurs at the same sites upon re-exposure to specific medications. (escholarship.org)
  • If no substitute drug is available and if the reaction is a mild one, it might be necessary to continue the treatment under careful watch despite the reaction. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Fixed drug eruption is a common cutaneous reaction which may be seen in reaction to several medications. (aai.org.tr)
  • If hives are caused by a drug, that drug should be avoided in the future. (medicinenet.com)
  • Most drug-induced cutaneous reactions are mild and disappear when the offending drug is withdrawn. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. (embl.de)
  • This unprecedented rise in pharmaceutical use has led to an increasing number of observed adverse drug reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two broad categories of adverse drug reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Type A reactions are known side effects of a drug that are largely predictable and are called, pharmatoxicologic. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, the field of pharmacogenomics aims to prevent the occurrence of severe adverse drug reactions by analyzing a person's inherited genetic risk. (wikipedia.org)
  • Drug reactions have characteristic timing. (wikipedia.org)
  • these reactions normally resolve with hyperpigmentation and may recur at the same site with reexposure to the drug. (medscape.com)
  • Adverse reactions to medications are common and often manifest as a cutaneous eruption. (medscape.com)
  • The content of this database of side effects (adverse drug reactions) is intended for educational and scientific research purposes only. (embl.de)
  • Types of Drug Reactions and. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Drugs can cause multiple skin eruptions and reactions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other drug reactions are classified by lesion type. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sensitivity can be definitively established only by rechallenge with the drug, which may be hazardous and unethical in patients who have had severe reactions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Most drug reactions resolve when drugs are stopped and require no further therapy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • More research is needed, as some of the rashes reported in COVID-19 patients resemble drug reactions. (medicinenet.com)
  • thus, incidence rates for specific drugs are unknown and most of the facts available on drug-specific reactions have been extrapolated from reports in the human literature. (petmd.com)
  • Some types of drug reactions appear to have a familial basis. (petmd.com)
  • If the diagnosis is Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS), or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), both potentially fatal drug based skin reactions, your dog will need to be treated on an inpatient basis. (petmd.com)
  • Basically, it is a clinical reference guide to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), drug interactions and other safety information for prescription and over-the-counter medicines. (bmj.com)
  • Not all drugs that contain sulfonamides cause reactions in all people. (healthline.com)
  • The reports on adverse drug reactions(ADR) to self-medication or over-the-counter medication are common across medical literature. (medpharmareports.com)
  • An estimated 2-4% of hospital admissions are related to adverse drug reactions. (medscape.com)
  • Mucocutaneous eruptions are often central to these untoward reactions, and an ever-expanding list of medications is linked to pathologic reactions in the oral and perioral region. (medscape.com)
  • These adverse drug reactions have a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that can mimic those of other disease states, including both local and systemic conditions. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical patterns of adverse drug reactions of the oral cavity include xerostomia, swelling, nonspecific ulceration, vesiculobullous or ulcerative mucositis that mimics other disease states, nonspecific vesiculoulcerative mucositis, pigmentation, gingival enlargement, and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. (medscape.com)
  • Hallmark: The initial eruption consists of an itchy, acute facial or forearm dermatitis with edematous papules and vesicles (Weston, Lane, & Morelli, 2002), all of which are on sun-exposed areas. (medscape.com)
  • For example, Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis usually occurs within 4 days of starting the culprit drug. (wikipedia.org)
  • The company also is accused of hundreds of record-keeping violations and of not submitting reports of its distribution transactions to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, including those involving opioids, from May 2017 to July 2018, officials said. (wkrg.com)
  • 2017). Drug allergy. (healthline.com)
  • The actual frequency may be higher than current estimates, owing to the availability of a variety of over-the-counter medications and nutritional supplements that are known to elicit fixed drug eruptions. (medscape.com)
  • As such, there are clinical examples of inherited genetic alleles that are known to predict drug hypersensitivities and for which diagnostic testing is available. (wikipedia.org)
  • Drug eruptions are diagnosed mainly from the medical history and clinical examination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cutaneous drug eruptions cover a spectrum of diseases and clinical signs. (petmd.com)
  • Recovery of HPA axis function is generally prompt and complete upon discontinuation of the drug. (drugs.com)
  • It produces a red scaling often itchy eruption that characteristically affects the scalp , forehead, brows, cheeks, and external ears. (medicinenet.com)
  • A detailed history is often required for diagnosis, including recent use of over-the-counter drugs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The Icelandic Meteorological Office said on Monday there was a 'significant likelihood' of an eruption in coming days on or just off the Reykjanes peninsula near the capital Reykjavik, despite the size and intensity of earthquakes decreasing. (ctvnews.ca)
  • I never knew how many eruptions and earthquakes happen worldwide, as troubleshooting and thinking outside of the box is what I am trained to do trying to link geological events is a lot of fun. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Satellites saw the Tonga eruption column rise halfway to space on Jan. 15. (livescience.com)
  • That makes the Tonga eruption potentially hundreds of times more explosive than the atomic bomb that the United States dropped on Hiroshima, Japan in August 1945, which is estimated to have exploded with 15 kilotons (15,000 tons) of energy. (livescience.com)
  • The prevalence of drug eruptions has been reported to range from 2-5% for inpatients and greater than 1% for outpatients. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment regimens should take into account the most recent official treatment guidelines (e.g. those of the WHO) and local information on the prevalence of resistance to antimalarial drugs. (who.int)
  • Certain drugs are less likely to cause drug eruptions (rates estimated to be ≤3 per 1000 patients exposed). (wikipedia.org)
  • Occasionally, patch testing can be helpful in patients with fixed drug eruptions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The occurrence of ADR may be avoided by spreading awareness against OTC medication and labeling the specific drug for patients with established ADR. (medpharmareports.com)
  • This new approach is based on regarding users as patients rather than criminals, and follows the minister's successful introduction last year of a bill to provide safe spaces for drug injection. (grapevine.is)
  • Careful attention should be paid to measures designed to foster adherence and to ensure that patients take the drugs as prescribed. (cdc.gov)
  • The essential findings from history, oral/ dental examination, diagnostic approach, and treatment are briefly discussed along with a note on time and dosing for the oral drug provocation tests. (medpharmareports.com)
  • However, the explosive Jan. 15 eruption - which sent a column of steam rising halfway to space - was far more violent than a typical Surtseyan eruption, Garvin said. (livescience.com)
  • This creates a lot of magma that tends to be sticky and filled with gas-a potent recipe for explosive eruptions. (nationalgeographic.com)