Echogenic Bowel
Pregnancy Trimester, Second
Ultrasonography, Prenatal
Pregnancy
Fetal Heart
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Notable contribution of large CFTR gene rearrangements to the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in fetuses with bowel anomalies. (1/3)
(+info)Echogenic bowel on second-trimester ultrasonography: evaluating the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. (2/3)
(+info)Mid-trimester hyperechogenic bowel in a fetus of Turkish origin carrying a rarely seen mutation of cystic fibrosis. (3/3)
(+info)'Echogenic bowel' is a term used in medical imaging, particularly ultrasonography, to describe the appearance of increased echogenicity or brightness in the bowel or intestines of a fetus. Echogenicity refers to the ability of a structure to reflect sound waves, which are emitted by the ultrasound transducer and bounce back to create an image.
An echogenic bowel appears brighter than usual on an ultrasound scan due to the presence of abnormal amounts of gas or protein-containing material in the intestines. This finding can be associated with a range of conditions, from benign and transient to more serious and potentially harmful.
In some cases, an echogenic bowel may be observed as an isolated finding, without any other abnormalities detected on the ultrasound exam. In these instances, the condition is often considered benign and may resolve on its own without causing any harm to the fetus. However, further monitoring and follow-up may be recommended by the healthcare provider to ensure that the echogenic bowel does not indicate a more significant underlying issue.
In other cases, an echogenic bowel may be associated with chromosomal abnormalities, genetic disorders, infections, or other conditions that can affect fetal development and health. For example, an echogenic bowel is more commonly observed in fetuses with Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and certain viral infections.
Therefore, the medical definition of 'echogenic bowel' refers to the appearance of increased brightness or echogenicity in the intestines on an ultrasound exam, which can be associated with a range of conditions and may require further evaluation and monitoring by a healthcare provider.
The second trimester of pregnancy is the period between the completion of 12 weeks (the end of the first trimester) and 26 weeks (the beginning of the third trimester) of gestational age. It is often considered the most comfortable period for many pregnant women as the risk of miscarriage decreases significantly, and the symptoms experienced during the first trimester, such as nausea and fatigue, typically improve.
During this time, the uterus expands above the pubic bone, allowing more space for the growing fetus. The fetal development in the second trimester includes significant growth in size and weight, formation of all major organs, and the beginning of movement sensations that the mother can feel. Additionally, the fetus starts to hear, swallow and kick, and the skin is covered with a protective coating called vernix.
Prenatal care during this period typically includes regular prenatal appointments to monitor the mother's health and the baby's growth and development. These appointments may include measurements of the uterus, fetal heart rate monitoring, and screening tests for genetic disorders or other potential issues.
Prenatal ultrasonography, also known as obstetric ultrasound, is a medical diagnostic procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the developing fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid inside the uterus. It is a non-invasive and painless test that is widely used during pregnancy to monitor the growth and development of the fetus, detect any potential abnormalities or complications, and determine the due date.
During the procedure, a transducer (a small handheld device) is placed on the mother's abdomen and moved around to capture images from different angles. The sound waves travel through the mother's body and bounce back off the fetus, producing echoes that are then converted into electrical signals and displayed as images on a screen.
Prenatal ultrasonography can be performed at various stages of pregnancy, including early pregnancy to confirm the pregnancy and detect the number of fetuses, mid-pregnancy to assess the growth and development of the fetus, and late pregnancy to evaluate the position of the fetus and determine if it is head down or breech. It can also be used to guide invasive procedures such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling.
Overall, prenatal ultrasonography is a valuable tool in modern obstetrics that helps ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus.
Pregnancy is a physiological state or condition where a fertilized egg (zygote) successfully implants and grows in the uterus of a woman, leading to the development of an embryo and finally a fetus. This process typically spans approximately 40 weeks, divided into three trimesters, and culminates in childbirth. Throughout this period, numerous hormonal and physical changes occur to support the growing offspring, including uterine enlargement, breast development, and various maternal adaptations to ensure the fetus's optimal growth and well-being.
The fetal heart is the cardiovascular organ that develops in the growing fetus during pregnancy. It starts to form around 22 days after conception and continues to develop throughout the first trimester. By the end of the eighth week of gestation, the fetal heart has developed enough to pump blood throughout the body.
The fetal heart is similar in structure to the adult heart but has some differences. It is smaller and more compact, with a four-chambered structure that includes two atria and two ventricles. The fetal heart also has unique features such as the foramen ovale, which is a hole between the right and left atria that allows blood to bypass the lungs, and the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta and diverts blood away from the lungs.
The fetal heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood from the placenta to the rest of the body and returning deoxygenated blood back to the placenta for re-oxygenation. The rate of the fetal heartbeat is faster than that of an adult, typically ranging from 120 to 160 beats per minute. Fetal heart rate monitoring is a common method used during pregnancy and childbirth to assess the health and well-being of the developing fetus.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic inflammatory conditions primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The two main types of IBD are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Crohn's disease can cause inflammation in any part of the digestive system, from the mouth to the anus, but it most commonly affects the lower part of the small intestine (the ileum) and/or the colon. The inflammation caused by Crohn's disease often spreads deep into the layers of affected bowel tissue.
Ulcerative colitis, on the other hand, is limited to the colon, specifically the innermost lining of the colon. It causes long-lasting inflammation and sores (ulcers) in the lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum.
Symptoms can vary depending on the severity and location of inflammation but often include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and reduced appetite. IBD is not the same as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is a functional gastrointestinal disorder.
The exact cause of IBD remains unknown, but it's thought to be a combination of genetic factors, an abnormal immune response, and environmental triggers. There is no cure for IBD, but treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce inflammation, potentially leading to long-term remission.
Fetal diseases are medical conditions or abnormalities that affect a fetus during pregnancy. These diseases can be caused by genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. They can range from mild to severe and may impact various organ systems in the developing fetus. Examples of fetal diseases include congenital heart defects, neural tube defects, chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome, and infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis or rubella. Fetal diseases can be diagnosed through prenatal testing, including ultrasound, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling. Treatment options may include medication, surgery, or delivery of the fetus, depending on the nature and severity of the disease.
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Small bowel19
- Computed tomography (CT) scan in a soft-tissue window in a patient with intestinal ischemia demonstrates circumferential small bowel pneumatosis. (medscape.com)
- Three-dimensional volume-rendered computed tomography (CT) scan in a patient with ischemic bowel demonstrates circumferential small bowel pneumatosis intestinalis. (medscape.com)
- In small-bowel obstruction imaging, certain radiologic investigations can be used to confirm the diagnosis and severity of the obstruction, but not its etiology. (medscape.com)
- Conventional plain radiography (see the images below) is the investigation of choice for patients with suspected small-bowel obstructions. (medscape.com)
- The loops of the small bowel are dilated, and associated with small calcific nodules in the right iliac fossa are seen. (medscape.com)
- this caused the small-bowel obstruction. (medscape.com)
- The clinical diagnosis was small-bowel obstruction resulting from adhesions. (medscape.com)
- This radiograph shows markedly distended loops of small bowel, with effacement of the valvulae in the mid abdomen. (medscape.com)
- This plain abdominal radiograph of a 55-year-old woman presenting with features of intestinal obstruction shows dilated loops of the small bowel associated with thickened edematous valvulae conniventes and a strangulated left inguinal hernia (arrow). (medscape.com)
- The abdominal radiograph shows dilated loops of small bowel, but the concentration of several loops of small bowel in the right hypochondrium should be noted as this finding is suggestive of malrotation. (medscape.com)
- A CT scan of a 36-year-old woman with Gardner syndrome presented with features of small-bowel obstruction. (medscape.com)
- The axial contrast-enhanced CT scan through the midabdomen shows an extrinsic mass compressing a loop of small bowel. (medscape.com)
- Atri et al studied 99 adult patients who underwent 105 nonenhanced CTs and enhanced CTs and found that the 2 procedures had comparable accuracy in diagnosing mechanical small-bowel obstruction and that they can be interpreted by reviewers of varying expertise. (medscape.com)
- O'Daly et al conducted a retrospective review of 88 patients who had acute adhesional small-bowel obstruction and underwent CT, and 58 (66%) were managed conservatively and 30 (34%) underwent surgery. (medscape.com)
- Crohn's disease or regional enteritis is a recurrent, transmural inflammatory condition, occurring anywhere in the GI tract, but primarily affecting the small bowel and colon with the terminal ileum commonly affected [ 1 , 2 ]. (ispub.com)
- Contrast enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis was obtained which revealed a large right iliopsoas abscess (figure 2) with fistulous communication to the distal small bowel as well as fistulization between the iliopsoas abscess and the iliopsoas bursa. (ispub.com)
- On day 3, a 30-cm adult female ascaris worm was aspirated from his nasogastric tube (Fig. 1 ), and abdominal ultrasound revealed a heavy worm load (Fig. 2 , Additional file 1: Video 1 and Additional file 2: Video 2): several intra-luminal echogenic tubular structures exhibiting slow curling movements were seen in the small bowel. (biomedcentral.com)
- Small-bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor with a diffusely thickened bowel wall. (medscape.com)
- A more caudal portion of the tumor has areas of necrosis (arrows), with air present within the necrotic cavity that communicates with the lumen of the small bowel. (medscape.com)
Ultrasound11
- What does echogenic mean on an ultrasound? (vivu.tv)
- 1. Evaluation of the fetal bowel should be done routinely during the 16- to 20-week obstetric ultrasound. (radiology.world)
- For pregnant people with negative serum or cell-free DNA screening results and an isolated echogenic intracardiac focus, we recommend no further evaluation as this finding is a normal variant of no clinical importance with no indication for fetal echocardiography, follow-up ultrasound imaging, or postnatal evaluation. (alliedacademies.org)
- In Evelyn's case, prenatal scans showed her growth not progressing and an echogenic bowel, an unusually bright appearance of the bowel on an ultrasound, but doctors did not discuss CMV, according to Spytek. (goodmorningamerica.com)
- The only thing they saw on the ultrasound was an echogenic bowel (bright bowel). (terminationsremembered.com)
- Basically, the bowel area looked bright on the ultrasound. (terminationsremembered.com)
- Bethune M. Literature review and suggested protocol for managing ultrasound soft markers for Down syndrome: thickened nuchal fold, echogenic bowel, shortened femur, shortened humerus, pyelectasis and absent or hypoplastic nasal bone. (ac.ir)
- CF prenatal testing is also performed when ultrasound assessment in the second trimester shows f etal echogenic bowel - when the bowel appears to be brighter than normal in the imaging test. (mecfa.org)
- Repeat obstetric ultrasound showed a viable fetus, ascites, and a 15 × 15 × 3-cm rind of echogenic material anterior to the uterus. (cdc.gov)
- Thiw change has been identified in woman of Greek origin undergoing CFTR mutations analysis due to positive ultrasound for echogenic bowel. (sickkids.on.ca)
- After our 21 week anatomy scan we received a call that you had an echogenic bowel, a bright spot on the ultrasound on the bowel where it shouldn't be bright, and we were being referred to a high risk specialist. (homeonthefarmstead.com)
Second trimester2
- Echogenic fetal bowel during the second trimester: Clinical importance. (dsjuog.com)
- Analyze the outcomes following a diagnosis of echogenic bowel during the second trimester, as compared to a control group. (cardiffmet.ac.uk)
Fetuses2
- Studies suggest that 0.8%-13.3% of fetuses that have echogenic bowels will have CF. (mecfa.org)
- Two studies in which fetal echogenic bowel was detected, prenatal testing determined that 94% of the cases were negative for CF-causing mutations, and 6% of fetuses were identified as positive carriers. (mecfa.org)
Femur1
- The ultrasonographic soft markers of trisomy 21 (increased nuchal fold, nasal bone hypoplasia, echogenic bowels, short femur and humerus, and pelviectasis) were also evaluated. (imrpress.com)
Diagnosis3
- FC is essentially a pathological diagnosis, requiring full thickness biopsy of the bowel wall to demonstrate the characteristic severe submucosal thickening by mature fibrous tissue. (bmj.com)
- Achiron R, Lipitz S, Gabbay U, Yagel S. Prenatal ultrasono-graphic diagnosis of fetal heart echogenic foci: no correlationwith Down syndrome. (ac.ir)
- On June 9 of 2019, days after the diagnosis of baby boy's echogenic bowel, it felt like I'd landed right back in that dark place. (mandigrasmeyer.com)
Intracardiac1
- Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) is one of the so-called soft markers. (imrpress.com)
Lumen2
- A GI polyp is defined as a mass of the mucosal surface protruding into the lumen of the bowel (see the images below). (medscape.com)
- Gas may collect peripherally in the lumen of the bowel, around fecal or contrast material. (medscape.com)
Loops2
- Graded-compression is the application of pressure through the transducer in order to displace and compress underlying bowel loops, thus allowing the visualisation of the appendix. (springer.com)
- Crohn's disease is a recurrent transmural inflammatory condition of the bowel, leading to bowel wall thickening, fixation of bowel loops, frequently complicated by stricture, fistula and abscess formation. (ispub.com)
Gastrointestinal2
- Chronic gastrointestinal manifestations include bowel wall thickening, bowel wall fixation, with stricture, fistula and abscess formation. (ispub.com)
- Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) en face. (medscape.com)
Choroid2
- The most frequent soft marker in the present study was echogenic intra-cardiac foci (EIF) (32.5%), followed by choroid plexus cyst (CPC) (30.6%), pyelectasis (25.2%), and echogenic bowel (EB) (15.8%), respectively. (ac.ir)
- Yet this diagnostic tool includes the risk of detecting fetal demise or anomalies, of missing or falsely detecting anomalies, and of detecting variations in maternal or fetal physiology whose clinical significance is unclear (e.g., choroid plexus cysts or echogenic bowel). (medscape.com)
Perinatal1
- Hyperechoich fetal bowel, Perinatal consequences. (dsjuog.com)
Foci2
- The significance of echogenic foci ('golfballs') in the fetal heart: a prospective study of 147 cases. (ac.ir)
- Focused right hip US revealed a thickened right hip joint capsule, no significant joint effusion and multiple echogenic foci with "dirty shadowing" thought to represent debris or air in the region of the iliopsoas bursa (figure 1). (ispub.com)
Obstructions1
- They could see some kind of obstructions (it's called echogenic bowels). (wordoflife-lcc.org)
Cystic fibrosis1
- An echogenic bowel is a soft marker for cystic fibrosis, chromosomal anomaly like down's syndrome, obstructed or twisted bowel or a viral infection. (homeonthefarmstead.com)
Baby's2
- Even if this happens, your doctor may recommend follow-up ultrasounds to look at your baby's growth pattern and to reassess the bowel. (vivu.tv)
- When I came back, the heart was OK but they could see something wrong with the baby's bowels. (wordoflife-lcc.org)
Chromosomal1
- 4. Grade 2 and 3 echogenic bowel is associated with both chromosomal and nonchromosomal abnormalities. (radiology.world)
Soft Markers1
- Echogenic intracardiacs focus (EIF), a microcalcification of the papillary muscles in either or both ventricles of the fetal heart, is one of the more common ultrasonographic soft markers of trisomy 21. (imrpress.com)
Scan1
- My daughter's IUGR was picked up at the 20 week scan, along with an echogenic bowel, oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid) and two vessels in the umbilical cord instead of one. (childgrowthfoundation.org)
Brighter1
- The bowels were brighter than they have been and there was some fluid in the abdomen. (terminationsremembered.com)
Transducer1
- 2. Echogenic bowel should be identified by comparison with the echogenicity of surrounding bone using an appropriate transducer and gain setting. (radiology.world)
Grade2
- Bowel echogenicity equal to or greater than bone is significant (grade 2 or 3). (radiology.world)
- 3. No further investigations are required for grade 1 echogenic bowel. (radiology.world)
FOCUS1
- The Left ventricular echogenic focus. (dsjuog.com)
Abdominal2
- Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), defined as gas in the bowel wall, is often first identified on abdominal radiographs or computed tomography (CT) scans. (medscape.com)
- Gas bubbles within the bowel wall have been described on abdominal MRI scans of neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis. (medscape.com)
Radiograph1
- On the radiograph an obstruction can only be diagnosed if the bowel has had sufficient time to become air-filled after birth. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Diameter1
- On the left image the bowel is dilated and the diameter exceeds L2 interpedicular width in a patient with meconium ileus. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Bright2
- Everything looked great and other than the bright bowel, our baby looked healthy. (terminationsremembered.com)
- For example, normal tendons are usually homogeneously bright (echogenic) and areas of injury create darker (hypoechoic) areas in comparison. (horsejournals.com)
Wall1
- Microvesicular gas collections, defined as 10-100 mm cysts or bubbles within the lamina propria, are predominantly associated with primary (benign) pneumatosis intestinalis, whereas linear or curvilinear gas collections seen parallel to the bowel wall are found in secondary pneumatosis. (medscape.com)
Scans1
- From then I had to do about 3 other scans until one day they couldn't see anything wrong with the bowels any more. (wordoflife-lcc.org)
Normal1
- An echogenic bowel is in 1-2% of pregnancies and in majority of cases is a normal variant but it is also a soft marker for a list of conditions. (homeonthefarmstead.com)
Time1
- An unchanging bowel gas pattern over time indicates absence of perstalsis. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Signs1
- He didn't show any other more common signs of congenital CMV such as echogenic bowel, brain calcifications, etc. (whattoexpect.com)