Endometrial hyperplasia. Medical search. Web

Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.

Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

Compounds that interact with PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of PROGESTERONE. Primary actions of progestins, including natural and synthetic steroids, are on the UTERUS and the MAMMARY GLAND in preparation for and in maintenance of PREGNANCY.

Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.

Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.

A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.

Excision of the uterus.

Intrauterine devices that release contraceptive agents.

A scraping, usually of the interior of a cavity or tract, for removal of new growth or other abnormal tissue, or to obtain material for tissue diagnosis. It is performed with a curet (curette), a spoon-shaped instrument designed for that purpose. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Dorland, 27th ed)

Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.

Chemical substances or agents with contraceptive activity in females. Use for female contraceptive agents in general or for which there is no specific heading.

Dilatation of the cervix uteri followed by a scraping of the endometrium with a curette.

A synthetic progestational hormone used often in mixtures with estrogens as an oral contraceptive.

Pathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

'Zoo animals' are various species of captive wild animals, housed and displayed in a facility for the purpose of public education, conservation, research, and recreation.

Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the uterus.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Rats bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals.

A specialized agency of the United Nations designed as a coordinating authority on international health work; its aim is to promote the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all peoples.

A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance, congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting, hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among others, underlie these disorders.

A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.

Regression of endometrial hyperplasia after treatment with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue triptorelin: a prospective study. (1/227)

Endometrial hyperplasia is thought to be caused by the prolonged, unopposed oestrogenic stimulation of the endometrium. The regression of hyperplastic back to normal endometrium is the main purpose of any conservative treatment in order to prevent development of adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regression of hyperplastic to normal endometrium in patients with various forms of endometrial hyperplasia after treatment with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) triptorelin for 6 months. Fifty-six patients with endometrial hyperplasia were enrolled in this trial; 39 patients (group I) presented simple hyperplasia, 14 (group II) complex hyperplasia and three (group III) atypical complex hyperplasia. All patients were treated with triptorelin for 6 months. Bleeding control during treatment was excellent. A post-treatment curettage for estimation of endometrial histology was performed on 54 out of 56 patients 100.1 +/- 44.7 days after the last triptorelin dose, following the restoration of pituitary function. Regression of hyperplastic to normal endometrium was observed in 32 (86.5%) out of 37 patients in group I and in 12 (85.7%) out of 14 in group II. Persistence of simple hyperplasia was found in five (14.5%) out of 37 patients in group I. Persistence of complex hyperplasia was found in 1 (7.1%) out of 14 patients and progression to atypical complex hyperplasia in another one (7.1%) woman in group II. In some of these cases, the presence of risk factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and ovulatory disturbances may contribute to the disease persistence despite therapy. On the other hand, in group III, none of the three patients had normal post-treatment endometrial histology. It seems, therefore, that in cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, the administration of the GnRHa triptorelin is associated with high regression rates to normal endometrium. Conversely, the presence of atypia seems to be a poor prognostic factor. Treatment tolerance and bleeding control during therapy is excellent. (+info)

Two-dimensional gel analysis of human endometrial proteins: characterization of proteins with increased expression in hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. (2/227)

In the search for new markers of human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma the method of quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was applied to study the protein expression profiles of metabolically [(35)S]-methionine-labelled proteins of endometrial explants. Approximately 1700 protein spots were resolved by the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the expression pattern of each of these proteins was assessed for increased expression during hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma. In total, six protein spots showed increased expression in hyperplasia, 19 in carcinoma, and eight in both hyperplasia and carcinoma. Twelve of these 33 differentially expressed proteins were identified by peptide mass mapping combined with sequence database searching. Among the identified proteins were proteins involved in cellular transport and chaperoning, i.e. heat shock protein 27 kDa protein, heat shock 70 kDa protein, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, and serotransferrin. Other identified proteins were: regulatory chain protein of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, prohibitin, and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1. Finally we identified proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, vimentin and tropomyosin isoform 3, and the glycolytic pathway, alpha enolase, and phosphoglycerate kinase. The remaining unidentified proteins were either not contained in the database and must be assumed to be novel proteins, or were present in too low amounts to allow characterization. (+info)

The value of sonohysterography combined with cytological analysis of the fluid retrieved from the endometrial cavity in predicting histological diagnosis. (3/227)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy of sonohysterography combined with cytological analysis of the fluid retrieved from the endometrial cavity in predicting histological diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study was conducted comparing sonohysterography combined with endometrial washings for cytology with histological evaluation after surgical procedures. Of 152 patients referred for sonohysterography, 87 were premenopausal and 65 were postmenopausal. Some of the injected fluid was aspirated for cytological analysis. Sixty-one patients (40%) underwent surgical hysteroscopy and eight (5%) had dilatation and curettage as a result of the sonohysterographic findings. Histological diagnoses were compared with the sonohysterographic and cytological findings. RESULTS: In 99 (65%) patients, sonohysterography demonstrated endometrial polypoid lesions. Only 54 endometrial cavitary lesions were confirmed pathologically. Epithelial cells with atypia were more often found in patients without (five of 53) than in those with (two of 99) an endometrial polyp (p < 0.05). Only one out of nine cases of histological diagnosis of hyperplasia was predicted cytologically. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of cytological analysis of the fluid retrieved from the endometrial cavity during sonohysterography did not contribute to the prediction of benign histological diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. (+info)

K-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis. (4/227)

AIMS: Sequential events of endometrial tumorigenesis can be studied by comparison of genetic lesions seen in normal, premalignant, and malignant tissues. The distribution of k-ras mutations in microsatellite stable and unstable premalignant lesions was studied to determine whether this gene is implicated in both tumorigenic pathways. METHODS: K-ras mutations were analysed by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing in matched endometrial normal, premalignant (atypical hyperplasias), and adenocarcinoma tissues from individual patients. Identification of precancers solely by their appearance as atypical endometrial hyperplasias is very subjective; therefore, in addition to histopathological assessment, we performed molecular testing (non-random X inactivation or clonal altered microsatellites) for an expected feature of precancers--that is, monoclonality. RESULTS: Equivalent K-ras mutation frequencies were seen in microsatellite stable (six of 33) and unstable (three of 23) cancers. In both types, K-ras mutation in monoclonal precancers usually corresponded to a change from normal to an equivocal (two of 12) or hyperplastic (10 of 12) histology. Divergent K-ras genotypes among multiple neoplastic tissues of individual patients (two of six patients) are exceptions explained either by multicentric premalignant disease, or acquisition of K-ras mutation late in neoplastic progression. CONCLUSIONS: K-ras mutation occurs in both premalignant microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial neoplasia, sometimes before acquisition of features readily diagnostic as atypical endometrial hyperplasia. (+info)

Tamoxifen induces endometrial and vaginal cancer in rats in the absence of endometrial hyperplasia. (5/227)

Tamoxifen was administered orally to neonatal rats on days 2-5 after birth and the subsequent effects on the uterus were characterized, morphometrically, over the following 12 months. Tamoxifen inhibited development of the uterus and glands in the endometrium, indicating a classical oestrogen antagonist action. Between 24 and 35 months after tamoxifen treatment there was a significant increase in the incidence (26%) of uterine adenocarcinomas and a 9% incidence of squamous cell carcinomas of the vagina/cervix in the absence of any oestrogen agonist effect in the uterus. This demonstrates that an oestrogen agonist effect is not an absolute requirement for the carcinogenic effect of tamoxifen in the reproductive tract of the rat. The unopposed oestrogen agonist effect of tamoxifen on the endometrium may not be the only factor involved in the development of endometrial cancers. It is possible that tamoxifen causes these tumours via a genotoxic mechanism similar to that seen in rat liver. However, using (32)P-post-labelling we failed to find evidence of tamoxifen-induced DNA adducts in the uterus. Tamoxifen may affect hormonal imprinting of oestrogen receptor responses in stem cells of the uterus, causing reproductive tract cancers to arise at a later time, in the same way as has been proposed for diethylstilbestrol. If these rodent data extrapolate to humans, then women who are taking tamoxifen as a chemopreventative may have an increased risk of vaginal/cervical cancer, as well as endometrial cancer. (+info)

Theories of endometrial carcinogenesis: a multidisciplinary approach. (6/227)

Historical observations have suggested that endometrial carcinomas vary in histopathologic appearance and clinical features. More recent, systematic studies have provided epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and molecular support for these observations. Specifically, studies suggest that the most common type of endometrial carcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, develops from endometrial hyperplasia in the setting of excess estrogen exposure and usually pursues an indolent clinical course. In contrast, a minority of endometrial carcinomas, best represented by serous carcinoma, do not seem to be related to estrogenic risk factors or elevated serum hormone levels, and these tumors seem to develop from atrophic rather than hyperplastic epithelium. We have proposed that serous carcinomas develop from "endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma," a lesion representing malignant transformation of the endometrial surface epithelium. Whereas endometrioid carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia are associated with microsatellite instability and ras and PTEN mutations, serous carcinoma and endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma are associated with p53 mutations and abnormal accumulation of p53 protein. Based on these data regarding the pathogenesis of endometrioid and serous carcinoma, we have proposed a dualistic model of endometrial carcinogenesis incorporating a "classic" estrogen-driven pathway and an "alternative" pathway seemingly unrelated to hormones. It is hoped that further studies may permit the extension and modification of this model and that these advances will lead to improved diagnosis, management, and prevention. (+info)

Problems in the differential diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. (7/227)

The differential diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma is complicated not only by the resemblance of these lesions to each other, but also by their tendency to be overdiagnosed (particularly hyperplasia) on the background of polyps, endometritis, artifacts, and even normally cycling endometrium. Atypical hyperplasia may also be overdiagnosed when epithelial metaplastic changes occur in simple or complex hyperplasia without atypia. Low-grade adenocarcinomas are best recognized by architectural evidence of stromal invasion, usually in the form of stromal disappearance, desmoplasia, necrosis, or combinations of these findings between adjacent glands. Endometrioid adenocarcinomas are usually Type 1 cancers associated with manifestations of endogenous or exogenous hyperestrogenic stimulation and a favorable prognosis. Subtypes include adenocarcinomas with squamous differentiation and secretory, ciliated cell and villoglandular variants. Rules and pitfalls in the grading of endometrioid adenocarcinomas and the estimation and reporting of myometrial invasion are presented. (+info)

The endometrial effects of SERMs. (8/227)

The ideal selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) would retain an oestrogen-like effect on the bones, the heart and cardiovascular apparatus, and the central nervous system, while acting as an anti-oestrogen on the breast and the genital tract. It seems, however, that such a compound is not available for clinical use yet. The uterine tissue, and particularly the endometrium, defines an area of special interest in the SERM action, since endometrial hyperplasia and cancer has been linked to agonistic oestrogen effects. Additionally, tamoxifen, the SERM which accumulates most of the clinical experience, has been associated with stimulatory effects on endometrium, including the development of cancer. In contrast, the more recent benzothiophenes, led by raloxifene, seem to operate as endometrial antagonists, thus providing an interesting alternative for clinical use. This review analyses the endometrial action of tamoxifen, including the information gathered from laboratory models, the observed endometrial effects in women using tamoxifen, and the epidemiological and molecular data which link the use of tamoxifen with endometrial cancer. A parallel examination of the raloxifene data presents the available experimental and clinical information, suggesting the endometrial neutrality of this compound. (+info)

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the lining of the uterus (endometrium) becomes thickened due to an overgrowth of cells. This occurs as a result of excessive estrogen stimulation without adequate progesterone to balance it. The thickening of the endometrium can range from mild to severe, and in some cases, it may lead to the development of abnormal or precancerous cells.

There are different types of endometrial hyperplasia, including simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia, and atypical hyperplasia. Simple hyperplasia has an increased number of glands but no significant architectural distortion, while complex hyperplasia shows crowded glands with architectural complexity. Atypical hyperplasia is a more serious condition characterized by the presence of abnormal cells, which can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer if left untreated.

The primary symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia include irregular menstrual periods, heavy or prolonged bleeding, and postmenopausal bleeding. The diagnosis typically involves a transvaginal ultrasound and an endometrial biopsy to evaluate the tissue sample for cell changes. Treatment options depend on the type and severity of hyperplasia, as well as the patient's age and overall health. Hormonal therapy, progestin-based medications, or a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) may be recommended to manage this condition.

Endometrial neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the endometrium, which is the innermost lining of the uterus. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The two main types of endometrial cancer are type I, also known as endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and type II, which includes serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma.

Type I endometrial cancers are usually estrogen-dependent and associated with risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and prolonged exposure to estrogen without progesterone. They tend to grow more slowly and have a better prognosis than type II cancers.

Type II endometrial cancers are less common but more aggressive, often presenting at an advanced stage and having a worse prognosis. They are not typically associated with hormonal factors and may occur in women who have gone through menopause.

Endometrial neoplasms can also include benign growths such as polyps, hyperplasia, and endometriosis. While these conditions are not cancerous, they can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer and should be monitored closely by a healthcare provider.

Hyperplasia is a medical term that refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, leading to an enlargement of the affected area. It's a response to various stimuli such as hormones, chronic irritation, or inflammation. Hyperplasia can be physiological, like the growth of breast tissue during pregnancy, or pathological, like in the case of benign or malignant tumors. The process is generally reversible if the stimulus is removed. It's important to note that hyperplasia itself is not cancerous, but some forms of hyperplasia can increase the risk of developing cancer over time.

The endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus, which lines the uterine cavity and has a critical role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. It is composed of glands and blood vessels that undergo cyclic changes under the influence of hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium thickens in preparation for a potential pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, it will break down and be shed, resulting in menstruation. In contrast, if implantation takes place, the endometrium provides essential nutrients to support the developing embryo and placenta throughout pregnancy.

Progestins are a class of steroid hormones that are similar to progesterone, a natural hormone produced by the ovaries during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. They are often used in hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control pills, shots, and implants, to prevent ovulation and thicken the cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Progestins are also used in menopausal hormone therapy to alleviate symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness. Additionally, progestins may be used to treat endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and breast cancer. Different types of progestins have varying properties and may be more suitable for certain indications or have different side effect profiles.

Uterine diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the uterus, which is the reproductive organ in females where fetal development occurs. These diseases can be categorized into structural abnormalities, infectious diseases, and functional disorders. Here are some examples:

1. Structural abnormalities: These include congenital malformations such as septate uterus or bicornuate uterus, as well as acquired conditions like endometrial polyps, fibroids (benign tumors of the muscular wall), and adenomyosis (where the endometrial tissue grows into the muscular wall).

2. Infectious diseases: The uterus can be affected by various infections, including bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agents. Examples include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), tuberculosis, and candidiasis.

3. Functional disorders: These are conditions that affect the normal functioning of the uterus without any apparent structural abnormalities or infections. Examples include dysmenorrhea (painful periods), menorrhagia (heavy periods), and endometriosis (where the endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus).

4. Malignant diseases: Uterine cancer, including endometrial cancer and cervical cancer, are significant health concerns for women.

5. Other conditions: Miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility can also be considered as uterine diseases since they involve the abnormal functioning or structural issues of the uterus.

A polyp is a general term for a small growth that protrudes from a mucous membrane, such as the lining of the nose or the digestive tract. Polyps can vary in size and shape, but they are usually cherry-sized or smaller and have a stalk or a broad base. They are often benign (noncancerous), but some types of polyps, especially those in the colon, can become cancerous over time.

In the digestive tract, polyps can form in the colon, rectum, stomach, or small intestine. Colorectal polyps are the most common type and are usually found during routine colonoscopies. There are several types of colorectal polyps, including:

* Adenomatous polyps (adenomas): These polyps can become cancerous over time and are the most likely to turn into cancer.
* Hyperplastic polyps: These polyps are usually small and benign, but some types may have a higher risk of becoming cancerous.
* Inflammatory polyps: These polyps are caused by chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, such as from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Polyps can also form in other parts of the body, including the nose, sinuses, ears, and uterus. In most cases, polyps are benign and do not cause any symptoms. However, if they become large enough, they may cause problems such as bleeding, obstruction, or discomfort. Treatment typically involves removing the polyp through a surgical procedure.

Carcinoma, endometrioid is a type of cancer that arises from the glandular cells of the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus. This type of cancer is named for its similarity in appearance to the normal endometrial cells, and it is the second most common type of endometrial cancer after serous carcinoma.

Endometrioid carcinomas are typically divided into different grades based on how abnormal the cells look under a microscope. Low-grade tumors tend to grow more slowly and are less likely to spread beyond the uterus than high-grade tumors.

Risk factors for endometrioid carcinoma include obesity, older age, early menstruation, late menopause, never having been pregnant, and a history of taking estrogen hormone replacement therapy without progesterone. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and nearby lymph nodes, followed by radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy in some cases.

Levonorgestrel is a synthetic form of the natural hormone progesterone, which is used in various forms of birth control and emergency contraceptives. It works by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovaries), thickening cervical mucus to make it harder for sperm to reach the egg, and thinning the lining of the uterus to make it less likely for a fertilized egg to implant.

Medically, Levonorgestrel is classified as a progestin and is available in various forms, including oral tablets, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and emergency contraceptive pills. It may also be used to treat endometriosis, irregular menstrual cycles, and heavy menstrual bleeding.

It's important to note that while Levonorgestrel is a highly effective form of birth control when used correctly, it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Therefore, condoms should still be used during sexual activity if there is any risk of STI transmission.

Uterine hemorrhage, also known as uterine bleeding or gynecological bleeding, is an abnormal loss of blood from the uterus. It can occur in various clinical settings such as menstruation (known as menorrhagia), postpartum period (postpartum hemorrhage), or in non-pregnant women (dysfunctional uterine bleeding). The bleeding may be light to heavy, intermittent or continuous, and can be accompanied by symptoms such as pain, dizziness, or fainting. Uterine hemorrhage is a common gynecological problem that can have various underlying causes, including hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities, coagulopathies, and malignancies. It is important to seek medical attention if experiencing heavy or prolonged uterine bleeding to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Endometritis is a medical condition that refers to the inflammation of the endometrium, which is the innermost layer of the uterus. It is often caused by infections, such as bacterial or fungal infections, that enter the uterus through various routes, including childbirth, miscarriage, or surgical procedures.

The symptoms of endometritis may include abnormal vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, fever, and abdominal cramping. In severe cases, it can lead to complications such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or sepsis. Treatment typically involves the use of antibiotics to clear the infection, as well as supportive care to manage symptoms and promote healing.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of endometritis, as prompt treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the uterus (womb). Depending on the specific medical condition and necessity, a hysterectomy may also include the removal of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and surrounding tissues. There are different types of hysterectomies, including:

1. Total hysterectomy: The uterus and cervix are removed.
2. Supracervical (or subtotal) hysterectomy: Only the upper part of the uterus is removed, leaving the cervix intact.
3. Radical hysterectomy: This procedure involves removing the uterus, cervix, surrounding tissues, and the upper part of the vagina. It is typically performed in cases of cervical cancer.
4. Oophorectomy: The removal of one or both ovaries can be performed along with a hysterectomy depending on the patient's medical condition and age.
5. Salpingectomy: The removal of one or both fallopian tubes can also be performed along with a hysterectomy if needed.

The reasons for performing a hysterectomy may include but are not limited to: uterine fibroids, heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic prolapse, cervical or uterine cancer, and chronic pelvic pain. The choice of the type of hysterectomy depends on the patient's medical condition, age, and personal preferences.

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small, T-shaped birth control device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. A medicated IUD is a type of IUD that contains hormones, which are released slowly over time to provide additional benefits beyond just contraception.

There are two types of medicated IUDs available in the US market: levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD). The LNG-IUS releases a progestin hormone called levonorgestrel, which thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, thins the lining of the uterus to make it less likely for a fertilized egg to implant, and can also inhibit ovulation in some women. The Cu-IUD is non-hormonal and works by releasing copper ions that create a toxic environment for sperm, preventing them from reaching the egg.

Medicated IUDs are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, with typical use failure rates of less than 1% per year. They can remain in place for several years, depending on the brand, and can be removed at any time by a healthcare provider if a woman wants to become pregnant or experience side effects. Common side effects of medicated IUDs may include irregular menstrual bleeding, cramping, and spotting between periods, although these tend to improve over time.

Curettage is a medical procedure that involves scraping or removing tissue from the lining of an organ or body cavity, typically performed using a curette, which is a long, thin surgical instrument with a looped or sharp end. In gynecology, curettage is often used to remove tissue from the uterus during a procedure called dilation and curettage (D&C) to diagnose or treat abnormal uterine bleeding, or to remove residual placental or fetal tissue following a miscarriage or abortion. Curettage may also be used in other medical specialties to remove damaged or diseased tissue from areas such as the nose, throat, or skin.

Uterine neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the uterus, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These growths can originate from different types of cells within the uterus, leading to various types of uterine neoplasms. The two main categories of uterine neoplasms are endometrial neoplasms and uterine sarcomas.

Endometrial neoplasms develop from the endometrium, which is the inner lining of the uterus. Most endometrial neoplasms are classified as endometrioid adenocarcinomas, arising from glandular cells in the endometrium. Other types include serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and mucinous carcinoma.

Uterine sarcomas, on the other hand, are less common and originate from the connective tissue (stroma) or muscle (myometrium) of the uterus. Uterine sarcomas can be further divided into several subtypes, such as leiomyosarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma.

Uterine neoplasms can cause various symptoms, including abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pelvic pain, and difficulty urinating or having bowel movements. The diagnosis typically involves a combination of imaging tests (such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI scans) and tissue biopsies to determine the type and extent of the neoplasm. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and patient's overall health but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy.

Contraceptive agents, female, are medications or devices specifically designed to prevent pregnancy in women. They work by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, or implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus. Some common examples of female contraceptive agents include:

1. Hormonal methods: These include combined oral contraceptives (COCs), progestin-only pills, patches, vaginal rings, and hormonal implants. They contain synthetic forms of the female hormones estrogen and/or progesterone, which work by preventing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to make it harder for sperm to reach the egg, or thinning the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.
2. Intrauterine devices (IUDs): These are small, T-shaped devices made of plastic or copper that are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. They release hormones or copper ions that interfere with sperm movement and prevent fertilization or implantation.
3. Barrier methods: These include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, and sponges. They work by physically preventing sperm from reaching the egg.
4. Emergency contraception: This includes medications such as Plan B or Ella, which can be taken up to 5 days after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. They work by delaying ovulation or preventing fertilization of the egg.
5. Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs): These involve tracking a woman's menstrual cycle and avoiding sexual intercourse during her fertile window. Some FABMs also involve using barrier methods during this time.

It is important to note that different contraceptive agents have varying levels of effectiveness, side effects, and risks. Women should consult with their healthcare provider to determine the best method for their individual needs and circumstances.

Dilatation and Curettage (D&C) is a medical procedure commonly performed on the uterus. The term "dilatation" refers to the widening or opening of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. This is achieved using dilators, which are gradually inserted into the cervical canal to stretch it open.

The term "curettage" refers to the scraping or suctioning out of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium). A curette, a long, loop-shaped surgical instrument, is used to scrape the lining, or suction equipment may be used to remove the tissue.

A D&C procedure is typically performed to diagnose and treat various conditions affecting the uterus, such as abnormal uterine bleeding, heavy menstrual periods, endometrial hyperplasia, or to remove residual tissue after a miscarriage or abortion. It's usually a minor surgical procedure that can be done in a hospital, clinic, or doctor's office, and is often performed under local anesthesia, conscious sedation, or general anesthesia depending on the situation and patient preference.

Lynestrenol is a synthetic form of progestogen, which is a female sex hormone. It is used in various medications for different purposes, such as treating abnormal menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, and preventing premature labor. Lynestrenol works by mimicking the effects of natural progesterone in the body, helping to regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce inflammation associated with endometriosis. It is important to note that lynestrenol should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, as it can have side effects and interact with other medications.

A precancerous condition, also known as a premalignant condition, is a state of abnormal cellular growth and development that has a higher-than-normal potential to progress into cancer. These conditions are characterized by the presence of certain anomalies in the cells, such as dysplasia (abnormal changes in cell shape or size), which can indicate an increased risk for malignant transformation.

It is important to note that not all precancerous conditions will eventually develop into cancer, and some may even regress on their own. However, individuals with precancerous conditions are often at a higher risk of developing cancer compared to the general population. Regular monitoring and appropriate medical interventions, if necessary, can help manage this risk and potentially prevent or detect cancer at an early stage when it is more treatable.

Examples of precancerous conditions include:

1. Dysplasia in the cervix (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or CIN)
2. Atypical ductal hyperplasia or lobular hyperplasia in the breast
3. Actinic keratosis on the skin
4. Leukoplakia in the mouth
5. Barrett's esophagus in the digestive tract

Regular medical check-ups, screenings, and lifestyle modifications are crucial for individuals with precancerous conditions to monitor their health and reduce the risk of cancer development.

"Animals, Zoo" is not a medical term. However, it generally refers to a collection of various species of wild animals kept in enclosures or exhibits for the public to view and learn about. These animals are usually obtained from different parts of the world and live in environments that attempt to simulate their natural habitats. Zoos play an essential role in conservation efforts, education, and research. They provide a unique opportunity for people to connect with wildlife and understand the importance of preserving and protecting endangered species and their ecosystems.

Prostatic hyperplasia, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine and semen out of the body. When the prostate gland enlarges, it can squeeze or partially block the urethra, causing problems with urination, such as a weak stream, difficulty starting or stopping the flow, and more frequent urination, especially at night. Prostatic hyperplasia is a common condition as men age and does not necessarily lead to cancer. However, it can cause significant discomfort and decreased quality of life if left untreated. Treatment options include medications, minimally invasive procedures, and surgery.

The uterus, also known as the womb, is a hollow, muscular organ located in the female pelvic cavity, between the bladder and the rectum. It has a thick, middle layer called the myometrium, which is composed of smooth muscle tissue, and an inner lining called the endometrium, which provides a nurturing environment for the fertilized egg to develop into a fetus during pregnancy.

The uterus is where the baby grows and develops until it is ready for birth through the cervix, which is the lower, narrow part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The uterus plays a critical role in the menstrual cycle as well, by shedding its lining each month if pregnancy does not occur.

Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from glandular epithelial cells. These cells line the inside of many internal organs, including the breasts, prostate, colon, and lungs. Adenocarcinomas can occur in any of these organs, as well as in other locations where glands are present.

The term "adenocarcinoma" is used to describe a cancer that has features of glandular tissue, such as mucus-secreting cells or cells that produce hormones. These cancers often form glandular structures within the tumor mass and may produce mucus or other substances.

Adenocarcinomas are typically slow-growing and tend to spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. They can be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these treatments. The prognosis for adenocarcinoma depends on several factors, including the location and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and age.

Carcinoma in situ is a medical term used to describe the earliest stage of cancer, specifically a type of cancer that begins in the epithelial tissue, which is the tissue that lines the outer surfaces of organs and body structures. In this stage, the cancer cells are confined to the layer of cells where they first developed and have not spread beyond that layer into the surrounding tissues or organs.

Carcinoma in situ can occur in various parts of the body, including the skin, cervix, breast, lung, prostate, bladder, and other areas. It is often detected through routine screening tests, such as Pap smears for cervical cancer or mammograms for breast cancer.

While carcinoma in situ is not invasive, it can still be a serious condition because it has the potential to develop into an invasive cancer if left untreated. Treatment options for carcinoma in situ may include surgery, radiation therapy, or other forms of treatment, depending on the location and type of cancer. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for each individual case.

Hysteroscopy is a diagnostic procedure that allows healthcare professionals to examine the interior of the uterus (hyster(o)- and -scopy from Greek "womb" + "examination"). It is performed using a hysteroscope, which is a thin, lighted tube with a camera attached to its end. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, enabling the visualization of the uterine cavity and the detection of any abnormalities, such as polyps, fibroids, or structural issues like a septum.

Hysteroscopy can be performed in a doctor's office or an outpatient surgical center under local, regional, or general anesthesia depending on the situation and patient comfort. The procedure may also be used for minor surgical interventions, such as removing polyps or fibroids, or to assist with other procedures like laparoscopy.

In summary, hysteroscopy is a medical examination of the uterine cavity using a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope, which can aid in diagnosing and treating various conditions affecting the uterus.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used in pathology and laboratory medicine to identify specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. It combines the principles of immunology and histology to detect the presence and location of these target molecules within cells and tissues. This technique utilizes antibodies that are specific to the protein or antigen of interest, which are then tagged with a detection system such as a chromogen or fluorophore. The stained tissue sections can be examined under a microscope, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the distribution and expression patterns of the target molecule in the context of the tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to help identify various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Rats, Mutant Strains" is not a recognized medical term or concept. It may be a term used in science fiction, gaming, or other non-medical contexts to refer to genetically modified rats with altered characteristics. However, in the field of medical research, scientists do conduct studies using various strains of lab rats, some of which have been selectively bred or genetically modified to exhibit specific traits, but these are not referred to as "mutant strains." If you have any questions related to medical definitions or concepts, I'd be happy to help with those!

The World Health Organization (WHO) is not a medical condition or term, but rather a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. Here's a brief description:

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as the global authority on public health issues. Established in 1948, WHO's primary role is to coordinate and collaborate with its member states to promote health, prevent diseases, and ensure universal access to healthcare services. WHO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and has regional offices around the world. It plays a crucial role in setting global health standards, monitoring disease outbreaks, and providing guidance on various public health concerns, including infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, mental health, environmental health, and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of inherited genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands, which are triangular-shaped glands located on top of the kidneys. The adrenal glands are responsible for producing several essential hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens.

CAH is caused by mutations in genes that code for enzymes involved in the synthesis of these hormones. The most common form of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which affects approximately 90% to 95% of all cases. Other less common forms of CAH include 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency and 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency.

The severity of the disorder can vary widely, depending on the degree of enzyme deficiency. In severe cases, the lack of cortisol production can lead to life-threatening salt wasting and electrolyte imbalances in newborns. The excess androgens produced due to the enzyme deficiency can also cause virilization, or masculinization, of female fetuses, leading to ambiguous genitalia at birth.

In milder forms of CAH, symptoms may not appear until later in childhood or even adulthood. These may include early puberty, rapid growth followed by premature fusion of the growth plates and short stature, acne, excessive hair growth, irregular menstrual periods, and infertility.

Treatment for CAH typically involves replacing the missing hormones with medications such as hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone, and/or sex hormones. Regular monitoring of hormone levels and careful management of medication doses is essential to prevent complications such as adrenal crisis, growth suppression, and osteoporosis.

In severe cases of CAH, early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent or minimize the risk of serious health problems and improve quality of life. Genetic counseling may also be recommended for affected individuals and their families to discuss the risks of passing on the disorder to future generations.

Leiomyoma is a benign (non-cancerous) tumor that originates from the smooth muscle cells. It most commonly occurs in the uterus, where it is also known as a fibroid, but can also develop in other parts of the body such as the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system. Leiomyomas are typically slow-growing and often cause no symptoms, although they can lead to various complications depending on their size and location. Treatment options for leiomyomas include surveillance, medication, or surgical removal.

Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia can be made by endometrial biopsy, which is done in the office setting or through ... Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia is a significant risk factor for the development or even co-existence of endometrial cancer ... Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia Endometrial carcinoma Hyperplasia Rao, Shalinee; Sundaram, Sandhya; Narasimhan, Raghavan ... Like other hyperplastic disorders, endometrial hyperplasia initially represents a physiological response of endometrial tissue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_hyperplasia

If left untreated, it can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer. ... Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the lining of the uterus becomes thicker than normal. This can occur due to an ... Endometrial Hyperplasia Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the lining of the uterus becomes thicker than normal. ... If left untreated, it can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer. Search. ...

https://www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/condition/362/endometrial-hyperplasia

... with atypia is associated with co-existing Endometrial Cancer in as many as 42% of cases ... Management: Endometrial Hyperplasia without cellular atypia * Progestin Options. *Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) 10 mg ... V. Associated Conditions: Endometrial Cancer *Simple hyperplasia. *Without cellular atypia: 1% risk of progression to ... Management: Endometrial Hyperplasia with cellular atypia *Precautions. *Hysterectomy is the optimal definitive management in ...

https://fpnotebook.com/Gyn/HemeOnc/EndmtrlHyprpls.htm

Complete information about Endometrial Hyperplasia, including conditions that suggest it; contributing risk factors; what else ... Endometrial Hyperplasia: Overview. Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of part or all of the lining of the ... Hyperplasia without atypia rarely progresses to endometrial cancer while hyperplasia with atypia is a precancerous condition ... Endometrial Hyperplasia: Overview Conditions that suggest it Contributing risk factors What else it can lead to Recommendations ...

https://www.diagnose-me.com/symptoms-of/endometrial-hyperplasia.php

Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of part or all of the lining of the uterus. This diagnosis can only be ... Endometrial Hyperplasia. Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of part or all of the lining of the uterus. ... Hyperplasia without atypia rarely progresses to endometrial cancer while hyperplasia with atypia is a precancerous condition ... Endometrial hyperplasia is currently the reason for 5% of all hysterectomies performed in the U.S. ...

https://digitalnaturopath.com/conditions/endometrial-hyperplasia/

Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of the endometrium (lining of the uterus) which may involve part or all ... Endometrial Hyperplasia. Table Of Contents. *What is Endometrial Hyperplasia?*What is the Treatment for Endometrial Hyperplasia ... What is Endometrial Hyperplasia?. Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of the endometrium (lining of the ... What is the Treatment for Endometrial Hyperplasia?. The first step in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia is a thorough ...

https://althysterectomy.org/hyperplasia.htm

Endometrial Hyperplasia Treatment in Odessa, FL. Endometrial hyperplasia occurs when endometrial cells-which normally form the ... Endometrial hyperplasia can manifest in three different forms:. * Simple hyperplasia: Minor crowding of endometrial glands and ... Endometrial Hyperplasia Causes & Risk Factors. Endometrial hyperplasia is most common in older women who are already in ... Endometrial Hyperplasia Diagnosis. If left undiagnosed and untreated, endometrial hyperplasia will usually not abate on its own ...

https://www.gynecology-doctors.com/odessa/fl/endometrial-hyperplasia-treatment.html

Endometrial hyperplasia Endometrial hyperplasia occurs when your endometrial glands cause the tissue to grow more quickly. This ... In some cases, endometrial hyperplasia can become malignant.. Endometrial cancer According to the American Cancer Society, ... Endometrial cells can appear in other parts of your body as a symptom of endometriosis, but an "endometrial stripe" ... In some cases, a thick endometrial stripe may be a sign of:. Polyps Endometrial polyps are tissue abnormalities found in the ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/endometrial-stripe

Home/endometrial hyperplasia pathology outlines. endometrial hyperplasia pathology outlines. * Womens Health. Hopkin RxMarch ... Endometrial Hyperplasia: Types, Causes, 3 Main Symptoms and Complete Treatments. endometrial hyperplasia ...

https://hopkinrx.com/tag/endometrial-hyperplasia-pathology-outlines/

... endometrial hyperplasia without atypia; benign endometrial hyperplasia/atypical hyperplasia) as well as patient specific ... and medium-risk endometrial hyperplasia [Orbo 2014]. Data from a randomized study in patients with endometrial hyperplasia ... Endometrial hyperplasia, treatment (off-label use): Intrauterine device (Mirena): 20 mcg/day for hyperplasia without atypia or ... Endometrial hyperplasia, treatment (off-label use): Endometrial sampling every 3 to 6 months, although most appropriate ...

https://www.drugs.com/ppa/levonorgestrel-iud.html

Find out what Endometrial Hyperplasia is, its symptoms, and causes. Learn about the available treatment options for this common ... may also be at risk for endometrial hyperplasia.. Symptoms of Endometrial Hyperplasia. Endometrial hyperplasia may not cause ... Does endometrial hyperplasia turn into cancer? In some cases, endometrial hyperplasia can progress to endometrial cancer if ... TYPES OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA. Simple Hyperplasia. This type of hyperplasia occurs when the cells in the endometrium begin ...

https://www.glamyohealth.in/health/endometrial-hyperplasia

Endometrial hyperplasia can be harmless, but in some cases it can cause problems with fertility or even be a precursor to womb ... Endometrial hyperplasia treatment. In some cases, endometrial hyperplasia can go away on its own and no treatment would be ... Atypical hyperplasia: In this variation of endometrial hyperplasia, the cells show signs of abnormality (e.g. they are atypical ... Atypical endometrial hyperplasia. If you have this type of hyperplasia, the most commonly recommended treatment is a ...

https://www.ivi.uk/blog/endometrial-hyperplasia/

... and treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia. Medicines for Endometrial Hyperplasia have also been listed. ... Further, it talks about the causes and symptoms of Endometrial Hyperplasia, along with the diagnosis, tests, ... Medicines for Endometrial Hyperplasia Medicines listed below are available for Endometrial Hyperplasia. Please note that you ... Endometrial hyperplasia. Julia E Palmer. Endometrial hyperplasia.. * Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. [ ...

https://www.myupchar.com/en/disease/endometrial-hyperplasia

Simple endometrial hyperplasia: both of endometrial glands and stroma proliferate; glands are increased significantly, varying ... For this reason, Cystic hyperplasia of endometrium is called Swiss-cheese hyperplasia. Through the microscope, endometrial ... There is papillary hyperplasia in the cavity, while there is bud-shape hyperplasia in interstitial substance. The hyperplasia ... Generally speaking, there are four types of endometrial hyperplasia: simple hyperplasia, complex thickening, glandular ...

https://global.fuyanpills.com/DT/PID/2010/1216/33.html

Im 43 year old woman with PCOS and Type 2 Diabetes and have endometrial hyperplasia atypia. My doctor initially recommend a ... Another form of hyperplasia that sometimes occurs with PCOSi s adenomatous hyperplasia and this IS ASSOCIATED with atypia and ... would this be the same way you would approach the issue of a patient with endometrial hyperplasia atypia who would like to have ... The commonest form of EH in women with PCOS is cystic glandular hyperplasia and this is not commonly associated with atypia and ...

https://sherfertilitysolutions.com/ask-our-doctors/endometrial-hyperplasia/

ISGyP 3rd Annual Meeting 2023 - Endometrial hyperplasia/EIN. October 21, 2023. Dr. Diego Castrillon (US) ...

https://isgyp.ca/event-presentations/isgyp-3rd-annual-meeting-2023-endometrial-hyperplasia-ein/

Objective A number of patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer have not yet given birth when they ... Methods Data from 110 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer who received fertility-preserving ... Results 25 patients (9 with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and 16 with endometrial cancer) received fertility-preserving ... the safety and efficacy of fertility-preserving retreatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial ...

https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/30/12/1902

keywords = "Cyclin, Endometrial hyperplasia, Foxa2, Uterine gland, Wnt/β-catenin",. author = "M. Villacorte and K. Suzuki and A ... β-Catenin signaling regulates Foxa2 expression during endometrial hyperplasia formation. In: Oncogene. 2013 ; Vol. 32, No. 29. ... β-Catenin signaling regulates Foxa2 expression during endometrial hyperplasia formation. M. Villacorte, K. Suzuki, A. Hirasawa ... β-Catenin signaling regulates Foxa2 expression during endometrial hyperplasia formation. Oncogene. 2013 Jul 18;32(29):3477-3482 ...

https://keio.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/%CE%B2-catenin-signaling-regulates-foxa2-expression-during-endometrial

Endometrial hyperplasia. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. Endometrial cancer. This condition is associated with increased risk for adverse ...

https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/mmwr/mec/appendixk.html

Endometrial hyperplasia. N91.0. Primary amenorrhea. N92. Excessive, frequent and irregular menstruation. N92.6. Irregular ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2013-2014/RXQ_RX_H.htm

ISGyP LiVE Webinar - Dr Diego H Castrillon - Challenges in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. August 4, 2022 @ 12:00 pm ...

https://isgyp.ca/live-event/isgyp-live-webinar-dr-diego-h-castrillon-challenges-in-the-diagnosis-of-endometrial-hyperplasia/

Hormone therapy in postmenopausal women and risk of endometrial hyperplasia. S. Furness, H. Roberts, J. Marjoribanks, A. ... Dive into the research topics of Hormone therapy in postmenopausal women and risk of endometrial hyperplasia. Together they ...

https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/hormone-therapy-in-postmenopausal-women-and-risk-of-endometrial-h/fingerprints/

Endometrial biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for examination. ... Endometrial biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for examination. ... Malignant diseases of the uterus: endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, sarcoma: diagnosis and management. In: ... Endometrial biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for examination. ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003917.htm

Block estrogen activity in the breast and uterus, reducing the risk of breast cancer and endometrial hyperplasia (thickening). ... SERMs reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia that can occur with estrogen therapy. ... Endometriosis (a disorder in which endometrial tissue is present outside the uterus) ...

https://www.rxlist.com/how_do_selective_estrogen_receptor_modulators_work/drug-class.htm

endometrial cancer; endometrial hyperplasia; endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia; endometrioid adenocarcinoma; ... INTRODUCTION: Progestogens are widely used for the conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial ... INTRODUCTION: Progestogens are widely used for the conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial ... Immunohistochemical predictive markers of response to conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial ...

https://irinsubria.uninsubria.it/handle/11383/2162236

Endometrial hyperplasia involves the proliferation of endometrial glands that results in a greater than normal gland-to-stroma ... Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia is usually made by sampling the endometrial cavity with an endometrial biopsy in the ... Endometrial Hyperplasia is benign hyperplasia and correlates closely to simple hyperplasia, whereas EIN is a pre-malignant ... The behavior of endometrial hyperplasia. A long-term study of "untreated" hyperplasia in 170 patients. Cancer. 1985 Jul 15. 56( ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/269919-overview

Endometrial cancer has the highest TP53-ARID1A mutual exclusivity rate. However, the functional relationship between TP53 and ... TP53 loss with oncogenic PIK3CAH1047R in the endometrial epithelium results in features of endometrial hyperplasia, ... Co-existing TP53 and ARID1A mutations promote aggressive endometrial tumorigenesis PLoS Genet. 2021 Dec 23;17(12):e1009986. doi ... Endometrial cancer has the highest TP53-ARID1A mutual exclusivity rate. However, the functional relationship between TP53 and ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34941867/

Unopposed estrogen in patients with an intact uterus increases the likelihood of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial ... Endometrial hyperplasia: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2004 May. 59(5):368-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Endometrial effects of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate: two-year substudy results. ... Combining a SERM with CEs lowers the risk of uterine hyperplasia caused by estrogens. This eliminates the need for a progestin ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/276107-overview

Conclusion Diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia by endometrial biopsy may often resulted in under- or over-estimation ... 2022-RA-988-ESGO Clinical over and under estimation in patients who underwent hysterectomy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia ... 2022-RA-988-ESGO Clinical over and under estimation in patients who underwent hysterectomy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia ... Introduction/Background Studies on atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) consistently reported high risk for the coexistence ...

https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/32/Suppl_2/A124.3

Endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer and prevention: gaps in existing research of modifiable risk factors. Eur J Cancer ... Endometrial hyperplasia, Obesity, Sedentary life, Physical activity, Irisin Abstract. Aim: Irisin, which is proteolytically ... Evaluation of serum irisin levels in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: A controlled cross-sectional study Authors. * Erdem ... Endometrial hyperplasia - the dilemma of management remains: a retrospective observational study of 280 women. Eur J Obstet ...

https://jsurgmed.com/article/view/536426

Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia is a significant risk factor for the development or even co-existence of endometrial cancer, so careful monitoring and treatment of women with this disorder is essential. (wikipedia.org)
The most commonly used classification system for endometrial hyperplasia is the World Health Organization (WHO) system, which previously had four categories: simple hyperplasia without atypia, complex hyperplasia without atypia, simple atypical hyperplasia and complex atypical hyperplasia. (wikipedia.org)
In 2014, the WHO updated the classification system and removed the distinction between simple or complex hyperplasia, instead only on presence or absence of atypia. (wikipedia.org)
If untreated with hysterectomy, endometrial hyperplasia progresses to adenocarcinoma within 20 years in: 28% of cases with atypia (95% CI, 8.6% to 42.5%), and about 5% of cases without atypia. (wikipedia.org)
Failure of hyperplasia without atypia to resolve in a repeat D&C is cause for alarm. (diagnose-me.com)
Hyperplasia without atypia may resolve spontaneously or following a D&C. On the other hand, hyperplasia with atypia tends to persist (in 75% of cases) even after multiple D&Cs and hormone treatment. (diagnose-me.com)
Hyperplasia without atypia rarely progresses to endometrial cancer while hyperplasia with atypia is a precancerous condition that may progress to overt malignancy. (diagnose-me.com)
Both, hyperplasia with atypia and without atypia may regress spontaneously over months or years. (althysterectomy.org)
Hyperplasia without atypia (including adenomatous type) can be effectively treated with progestins (hormones with progesterone activity). (althysterectomy.org)
Following continuous progestin treatment of 3-4 months duration, repeat sampling of the endometrial lining is required to demonstrate resolution of the hyperplasia and exclude the presence of atypia. (althysterectomy.org)
In these situations, the addition of progesterone (by taking a progestin) or resumption of ovulation (spontaneously or with medications) can eliminate hyperplasia, especially hyperplasia without atypia. (althysterectomy.org)
In another study, Simple hyperplasia without atypia regressed in 79% over 3 years as did 94% of Complex hyperplasia without atypia. (althysterectomy.org)
Hyperplasia without atypia often regresses spontaneously, after D&C or progestin treatment. (althysterectomy.org)
Data from a randomized study in patients with endometrial hyperplasia without atypia also support the use of levonorgestrel IUD to treat endometrial hyperplasia [Dolapcioglu 2013] . (drugs.com)
This is a common first-line treatment for endometrial hyperplasia, especially for those with simple or complex hyperplasia without atypia. (glamyohealth.in)
Monitoring: In some cases, regular monitoring and surveillance may be recommended, especially for women with simple or complex hyperplasia without atypia. (glamyohealth.in)
I'm 43 year old woman with PCOS and Type 2 Diabetes and have endometrial hyperplasia atypia. (sherfertilitysolutions.com)
I am having a check up very soon after being on this medication for 10 weeks, and my question to you Dr Sher is, would this be the same way you would approach the issue of a patient with endometrial hyperplasia atypia who would like to have a family? (sherfertilitysolutions.com)
The commonest form of EH in women with PCOS is cystic glandular hyperplasia and this is not commonly associated with atypia and is not premalignant. (sherfertilitysolutions.com)
Another form of hyperplasia that sometimes occurs with PCOSi s adenomatous hyperplasia and this IS ASSOCIATED with atypia and can be pemalignant. (sherfertilitysolutions.com)
On the other hand, the final diagnosis may turn out to be benign pathology (hyperplasia without atypia or normal endometrium) after hysterectomy for AEH. (bmj.com)
Complex hyperplasia with atypia is associated with the highest risk of endometrial carcinoma. (proprofs.com)
Complex hyperplasia indicates an increased number of glands in the endometrium, while atypia suggests the presence of abnormal cells within these glands. (proprofs.com)
This combination of complex hyperplasia with atypia indicates a higher likelihood of progression to endometrial carcinoma compared to the other options listed. (proprofs.com)
Simple hyperplasia without atypia has a lower risk, while simple hyperplasia with atypia and complex hyperplasia without atypia fall in between. (proprofs.com)

Atypical endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Simple or complex architectural changes, with worrisome (atypical) changes in gland cells, including cell stratification, tufting, loss of nuclear polarity, enlarged nuclei, and an increase in mitotic activity. (wikipedia.org)
Findings from a systematic review indicate that levonorgestrel IUD may be preferred over oral progestins in the treatment of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia [Abu Hashim 2016] . (drugs.com)
According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) committee opinion paper on endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (formerly called atypical endometrial hyperplasia), levonorgestrel IUD may be used in the nonsurgical management of endometrial precancers in patients who desire future fertility or who are not candidates for surgery [ACOG 631 2015] . (drugs.com)
Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system vs oral progestins for non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized trials. (myupchar.com)
Objective A number of patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer have not yet given birth when they relapse after achieving complete response with initial fertility-preserving treatment. (bmj.com)
This study intends to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fertility-preserving retreatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer after recurrence following initial fertility-preserving treatment. (bmj.com)
Methods Data from 110 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer who received fertility-preserving treatment in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital (December 2005 to September 2019) were collected, and a retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical characteristics, histopathology results, and outcomes of 25 patients with recurrence. (bmj.com)
Results 25 patients (9 with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and 16 with endometrial cancer) received fertility-preserving retreatment. (bmj.com)
Conclusion The response rate is high and obstetrical outcomes are favorable after fertility-preserving retreatment in patients with recurrence of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. (bmj.com)
We also observe that β-catenin and Foxa2 expression levels are augmented in the human specimens of complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia, which is considered to have a greater risk of progression to EACs. (elsevierpure.com)
Introduction/Background Studies on atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) consistently reported high risk for the coexistence of endometrial cancer (EC) or progression to EC. (bmj.com)
Conclusion Diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia by endometrial biopsy may often resulted in under- or over-estimation. (bmj.com)

Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia can be made by endometrial biopsy, which is done in the office setting or through curettage of the uterine cavity to obtain endometrial tissue for histopathologic analysis. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis can only be made by a pathologist who examines a sample of tissue removed from the thickened lining by a sampling procedure such as endometrial biopsy or dilatation and curettage (D&C). By microscopic exam it can be determined if hyperplasia with or without atypical cells is present. (diagnose-me.com)
This diagnosis can only be made by a pathologist who examines a sample of tissue removed from the thickened lining by a sampling procedure such as endometrial biopsy or dilatation and curettage ( D&C ). (digitalnaturopath.com)
Currently, endometrial hyperplasia is the indication for 5% of all hysterectomies performed in the U.S. In 43% of women undergoing hysterectomy because of atypical hyperplasia (diagnosed by endometrial biopsy), the removed uterus contained endometrial carcinoma. (althysterectomy.org)
When a biopsy reveals endometrial hyperplasia, it is critical to evaluate the uterus before surgery with a D&C due to the high risk that concurrent cancer is present. (althysterectomy.org)
An endometrial biopsy is one surefire method for diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia-and it can also be used to rule out endometrial cancer. (gynecology-doctors.com)
However, your doctor will need to carry out some diagnostic tests, such as an ultrasound scan or an endometrial biopsy , in which some cells are removed from the endometrium for analysis. (ivi.uk)
Endometrial biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for examination. (medlineplus.gov)
A prospective multicenter trial has been started in Korea to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial aspiration biopsy compared with dilatation and curettage in patients treated with progestin for endometrial hyperplasia. (ewha.ac.kr)
Endometrial tissues are obtained via endometrial aspiration biopsy using a pipelle and dilatation and curettage. (ewha.ac.kr)
In the case of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, endometrial aspiration biopsy will be done with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in uterus and then, after the removal of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, dilatation and curettage will be done. (ewha.ac.kr)

Complex atypical hyperplasia progresses to endometrial carcinoma in 29% of women. (althysterectomy.org)
Eight percent of Simple atypical hyperplasia and 23% of Complex atypical hyperplasia progressed to carcinoma. (althysterectomy.org)
Endometrial Hyperplasia eventually leads to endometrial carcinoma. (glamyohealth.in)
Malignant diseases of the uterus: endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, sarcoma: diagnosis and management. (medlineplus.gov)
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecologic malignancy and the fourth most common cancer in women in the United States. (medscape.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia is believed to produce lesions that may be the precursor to endometrial carcinoma of endometrioid histology. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] Part of the difficulty in diagnosing concurrent carcinoma is due to lack of reproducibility in diagnosing hyperplasia, especially atypical hyperplasia versus adenocarcinoma among even expert gynecologic pathologists. (medscape.com)
TP53 loss with oncogenic PIK3CAH1047R in the endometrial epithelium results in features of endometrial hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma, and intraepithelial carcinoma. (nih.gov)

Endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Irregularity and cystic expansion of glands (simple) or crowding and budding of glands (complex) without worrisome changes in the appearance of individual gland cells. (wikipedia.org)
Examination under the microscope of the endometrial tissue shows proliferation (excessive growth) of both the endometrial glands as well as the surrounding tissue (stroma). (althysterectomy.org)
The glands in the condition of hyperplasia are more crowded than normal and they show additional changes. (althysterectomy.org)
Endometrial hyperplasia occurs when your endometrial glands cause the tissue to grow more quickly. (healthline.com)
Endometrial Hyperplasia is an abnormal proliferation of endometrium or endometrial glands. (glamyohealth.in)
Through the microscope, endometrial glands vary in shapes and sizes. (fuyanpills.com)
The small endometrial glands have the same size with the early proliferative glands, and the diameter of the larger ones is several times or tenfold the length of that of the small ones. (fuyanpills.com)
Both of the two types of endometrial glands are lined with pseudostratified columnar or cubic-storey epithelium. (fuyanpills.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia involves the proliferation of endometrial glands that results in a greater than normal gland-to-stroma ratio. (medscape.com)
With glandular hyperplasia, the lumen between the endometrial glands is disturbed. (abchealthonline.com)

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus. (wikipedia.org)
A transvaginal ultrasound (an interior ultrasound performed with a wand inserted into the vagina) to assess your endometrium is also used for diagnosing hyperplasia, as well as through the use of a hysteroscopy which uses a thin telescopic instrument to detect and treat hyperplasia. (gynecology-doctors.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, becomes thicker than normal due to an increase in the number of cells. (glamyohealth.in)
Hormonal imbalances: An increase in the hormone estrogen can cause the endometrium to thicken, leading to hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
This type of hyperplasia occurs when the cells in the endometrium begin to grow more than normal, but they remain normal in appearance and do not show any signs of abnormal growth or changes. (glamyohealth.in)
In this type of hyperplasia, the cells in the endometrium become abnormal in appearance, with some cells growing larger and more irregularly shaped than normal. (glamyohealth.in)
This is the most severe form of hyperplasia, where the cells in the endometrium become highly abnormal and can potentially become cancerous. (glamyohealth.in)
Due to certain alterations in oestrogen levels, this endometrium remains thick, and this condition is known as endometrial hyperplasia. (myupchar.com)
For this reason, Cystic hyperplasia of endometrium is called Swiss-cheese hyperplasia. (fuyanpills.com)
its structure of tissues is similar to that of the adenomatous hyperplasia of endometrium. (fuyanpills.com)
Sometimes, it is difficult to distinguish atypical hyperplasia of endometrium from well differentiated adenocarcinoma. (fuyanpills.com)
Some people do believe that atypical hyperplasia of endometrium is the preneoplastic changes of adenocarcinoma endometrium. (fuyanpills.com)
Mutant endometrial epithelial cells were transcriptome profiled and compared to control cells and ARID1A/PIK3CA mutant endometrium. (nih.gov)
These data suggest TP53 and ARID1A mutations drive shared and distinct tumorigenic programs in the endometrium and promote invasive endometrial cancer when existing simultaneously. (nih.gov)
With an increase in the thickness of the endometrium - the inner mucous layer of the uterus, they speak of endometrial hyperplasia. (abchealthonline.com)
Focal hyperplasia means that polyps have formed in the endometrium, in the form of separate foci. (abchealthonline.com)
In the focus of hyperplasia, the thickness of the endometrium can be up to 6 cm. (abchealthonline.com)
As for the glandular and cystic hyperplasias of the endometrium, doctors consider them benign, not prone to degeneration. (abchealthonline.com)
Cancer of the Uterus The most common type of cancer of the uterus develops in the lining of the uterus (endometrium) and is called endometrial cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

In one study, 1.6% of patients diagnosed with these abnormalities eventually developed endometrial cancer. (wikipedia.org)

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition in which the lining of the uterus becomes thicker than normal. (centerwatch.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia is an overgrowth or thickening of part or all of the lining of the uterus . (diagnose-me.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia occurs when endometrial cells-which normally form the internal lining of the uterus and then shed each month in the menstrual flow-proliferate abnormally and cause a thickening of the uterine endometrial lining. (gynecology-doctors.com)
A similar and more commonly known condition is endometriosis , in which the endometrial cells escape the uterine walls and grow unchecked outside the uterus. (gynecology-doctors.com)
Endometrial cells can appear in other parts of your body as a symptom of endometriosis , but an "endometrial stripe" specifically refers to endometrial tissue in your uterus. (healthline.com)
Endometrial polyps are tissue abnormalities found in the uterus. (healthline.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia is caused by an overgrowth of cells in the lining of the uterus. (glamyohealth.in)
Hysterectomy: Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus and is usually recommended for women with atypical hyperplasia, especially for those who have completed their family planning or who are postmenopausal. (glamyohealth.in)
Endometrial Ablation: Endometrial ablation is a minimally invasive procedure in which the lining of the uterus is destroyed or removed to treat endometrial hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
Block estrogen activity in the breast and uterus , reducing the risk of breast cancer and endometrial hyperplasia (thickening). (rxlist.com)
There is an increased risk of endometrial cancer in a woman with a uterus who uses unopposed estrogens. (medicinenet.com)
Unlike the menstrual tissues that form monthly inside the uterus and expelled during the monthly period, this endometrial tissue has no exit and can irritate, form adhesions, and damage surrounding healthy tissues. (dignityhealth.org)

A workup for endometrial disease may be prompted by abnormal uterine bleeding, or the presence of atypical glandular cells on a pap smear. (wikipedia.org)
Endometrial hyperplasia is often discovered because of abnormal uterine bleeding either between periods or after menopause. (gynecology-doctors.com)
According to the American Cancer Society, almost all uterine cancers start in the endometrial cells. (healthline.com)
In the current study, we investigate the downstream target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the uterine epithelia and the mechanism leading to the formation of endometrial hyperplasia. (elsevierpure.com)
We report that conditional ablation and activation of β-catenin in the uterine epithelia lead to aberrant epithelial structures and endometrial hyperplasia formation, respectively. (elsevierpure.com)
The uterine remnant is markedly enlarged, has numerous randomly dispersed foci of mineralization, and has multiple lobulated, irregularly margined, contrast medium-filled defects (arrowheads), consistent with endometrial polyps diagnosed on histologic examination. (avma.org)

Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens, combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Hyperplasia usually develops in the presence of continuous estrogen stimulation unopposed by progesterone. (diagnose-me.com)
Similarly, hormone replacement therapy consisting of estrogen without progesterone may lead to endometrial hyperplasia. (diagnose-me.com)
Endometrial hyperplasia usually occurs after menopause , when ovulation stops and progesterone is no longer made. (diagnose-me.com)
The addition of progesterone or resumption of ovulation (which produces progesterone) can eliminate the hyperplasia. (diagnose-me.com)
When oestrogen levels are high and progesterone levels are relatively low, it results in endometrial hyperplasia. (myupchar.com)
Induction of apoptosis by metformin and progesterone in estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia in rats: involvement of the bcl-2 family proteins. (jsurgmed.com)

This procedure may be used to diagnose and treat endometrial hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
For conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia, orally administered progestins are most commonly used method with various treatment regimens and more recently, the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system also has been used successfully to treat endometrial hyperplasia. (ewha.ac.kr)

Combination Hormone Therapy: Combination hormone therapy with estrogen and progestin may be recommended in some cases, such as in postmenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
Endometrial hyperplasia is most frequently diagnosed in postmenopausal women, but women of any age can be at risk if they are exposed to a source of unopposed estrogen. (medscape.com)
Adequate diagnostic measures, including directed or random endometrial sampling when indicated, should be undertaken to rule out malignancy in postmenopausal women with undiagnosed persistent or recurring abnormal genital bleeding. (medicinenet.com)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors related to endometrial cancer (EC) in postmenopausal women with endometrial thickening and the value of endometrial thickness (ET) in predicting EC. (bvsalud.org)

Treatment of endometrial hyperplasia is individualized, and may include hormonal therapy, such as cyclic or continuous progestin therapy, or hysterectomy. (wikipedia.org)

These changes are similar to those seen in true cancer cells, but atypical hyperplasia does not show invasion into the connective tissues, the defining characteristic of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
The previously mentioned study found that 22% of patients with atypical hyperplasia eventually developed cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Many studies have shown that endometrial hyperplasia can progress to cancer, particularly when there are atypical cells. (wikipedia.org)
A review of 65 articles on estimated risk of progression to cancer concludes that none of those studies reported estimates specifically for non-atypical hyperplasia patients. (wikipedia.org)
Further it states the need for population based studies including both non-atypical and atypical hyperplasia to accurately estimate the risk of progression to cancer. (wikipedia.org)
If left untreated, it can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer. (centerwatch.com)
In both gynecological conditions, endometrial cancer can develop or coexist alongside these conditions. (gynecology-doctors.com)
Instances of complex atypical hyperplasia may require more aggressive treatment to decrease the risk of cancer development. (gynecology-doctors.com)
If you no longer experience any vaginal bleeding, an endometrial stripe above 4 mm or more is considered to be an indication for endometrial cancer. (healthline.com)
Farquhar CM. Obesity and endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in premenopausal women: A systematic review. . (myupchar.com)
Dysregulated β-catenin signaling is associated with the formation of endometrial adenocarcinomas (EACs), which is considered as the common form of endometrial cancer in women. (elsevierpure.com)
INTRODUCTION: Progestogens are widely used for the conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer. (uninsubria.it)
We aimed to analyze the usefulness of each immunohistochemical marker studied in predicting the response to progestogens in endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer. (uninsubria.it)
All studies assessing the association of immunohistochemical markers with the outcome of the progestogen-based therapy in endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer were included. (uninsubria.it)
CONCLUSIONS: Several immunohistochemical markers might be helpful in predicting the response to conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer on pretreatment and follow-up specimens. (uninsubria.it)
[ 1 ] Significant morbidity or mortality can occur if endometrial hyperplasia is untreated with progression to cancer. (medscape.com)
Simple hyperplasia was associated with a 1% rate of progression to cancer, complex hyperplasia 3% rate of progression, simple atypical hyperplasia 8% rate of progression, whereas complex atypical hyperplasia had a 29% rate of progression to cancer. (medscape.com)
Studies report only 40-69% interobserver agreement for hyperplasia or cancer. (medscape.com)
Classification as complex atypical hyperplasia (WHO'94) or as EIN had similar sensitivities and negative predictive values for coexisting endometrial cancer. (medscape.com)
Endometrial cancer has the highest TP53-ARID1A mutual exclusivity rate. (nih.gov)
Regulation of cell proliferation and malignant potential by irisin in endometrial, colon, thyroid and esophageal cancer cell lines. (jsurgmed.com)
Adding a progestin to estrogen therapy has been shown to reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia, which may be a precursor to endometrial cancer . (medicinenet.com)
Contraindications for hormone therapy include having a history of breast cancer , coronary heart disease , active liver disease, unexplained vaginal bleeding, high-risk endometrial cancer , transient ischemic attack , and a previous venous thromboembolic event or stroke. (medscape.com)
Endometrial cancer usually affects women after menopause. (msdmanuals.com)
endometrial cancer), even in young women. (msdmanuals.com)

Due to the poor reproducibility of diagnosis, and confusion regarding optimal clinical management, gynecologic pathologists proposed a simpler classification of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) versus endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) using a computerized morphometric analysis. (medscape.com)

The clinical significance of this diagnosis is progression to or concurrent endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
If cysts are found among the tissues, then the diagnosis already sounds like glandular cystic hyperplasia. (abchealthonline.com)

Usually, oestrogen is the one that stimulates the endometrial lining to grow in thickness. (myupchar.com)
In those taking 15 mg of estetrol, mean endometrial thickness increased from 2 to 6 mm but returned to baseline after progestin therapy. (medscape.com)

In a small percentage of cases, endometrial polyps can become malignant. (healthline.com)

In cases of endometrial hyperplasia, the hormonal balance is disrupted. (ivi.uk)

It is not fully understood why some people experience symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia, while others do not. (gynecology-doctors.com)

What is the Treatment for Endometrial Hyperplasia? (althysterectomy.org)

In general, endometrial hyperplasia primarily speaks of hormonal disorders, which may result in a number of other diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary disease, and infertility. (abchealthonline.com)

it is characterized by the dense arranged glandular hyperplasia and interstitial substance is very little in amount. (fuyanpills.com)
There is also such a thing as glandular hyperplasia, which occurs before the onset of menstruation. (abchealthonline.com)
If we talk about glandular hyperplasia, then there are several types of proliferation - cell proliferation, causing tissue proliferation, which are determined by the degree of disturbance. (abchealthonline.com)

In some cases, endometrial hyperplasia can become malignant. (healthline.com)
Endometrial Hyperplasia is benign hyperplasia and correlates closely to simple hyperplasia, whereas EIN is a pre-malignant condition. (medscape.com)
The danger in terms of degeneration into a malignant formation is represented by atypical hyperplasia and focal. (abchealthonline.com)

This abnormal thickening is endometrial hyperplasia. (ivi.uk)

A D&C is repeated after 3-4 months of treatment to demonstrate resolution of the hyperplasia. (diagnose-me.com)

Also, it is important to monitor such patients closely (using ultrasound, endometrial biopsies, etc.) long after the completion of a successful course of treatment. (althysterectomy.org)

Like other hyperplastic disorders, endometrial hyperplasia initially represents a physiological response of endometrial tissue to the growth-promoting actions of estrogen. (wikipedia.org)
Your endometrial tissue will begin to thicken later in your cycle. (healthline.com)
Unless you're experiencing unusual symptoms, thick endometrial tissue generally isn't a cause for concern. (healthline.com)
Hyperplasia means that in some tissue of the body (it has nothing to do with a tumor) or an organ, the number of cells has increased and this has led to an increase in the volume of education or organ. (abchealthonline.com)

These may be used in women with endometrial hyperplasia caused by estrogen-producing tumors or disorders. (glamyohealth.in)

If we talk about the symptoms of physiological hyperplasia, then we will talk about the reproduction of the mammary gland epithelium that occurs during pregnancy. (abchealthonline.com)

Endometrial hyperplasia is most common in older women who are already in menopause or approaching menopause (perimenopause). (gynecology-doctors.com)
Observation - It is the most common technique used because after attaining menopause, in the absence of oestrogen, hyperplasia subsides or symptoms subside. (myupchar.com)

Patients with histologically confirmed endometrial hyperplasia are offered hormonal treatment with any one of the following three options: oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg/day for 14 days per cycle, continuous oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg/day or insertion of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. (ewha.ac.kr)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Women with PCOS have hormonal imbalances that can increase their risk of developing endometrial hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
There are several reasons you could develop a hormonal imbalance which could lead to hyperplasia. (ivi.uk)
However, there is no report about the accuracy of endometrial sampling during hormonal treatment for follow-up evaluation of endometrial hyperplasia. (ewha.ac.kr)

Thus, our study indicates that β-catenin regulates Foxa2 expression, and this interaction is possibly essential to control cell cycle progression during endometrial hyperplasia formation. (elsevierpure.com)

while significant endometrial pathology predominated in women aged =50 years. (bvsalud.org)

During a mean follow-up of 11.4 years, disease regressed in 69% of women with Simple atypical hyperplasia and 57% of patients with Complex atypical hyperplasia. (althysterectomy.org)

In the largest meta-analysis study to date, researchers find that a levonorgestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) used for 3 to 6 months is likely more effective than non‐intrauterine progestogens for reversing endometrial hyperplasia (EH). (contemporaryobgyn.net)

benign endometrial hyperplasia/atypical hyperplasia) as well as patient specific factors [Armstrong 2012] , [Trimble 2012] . (drugs.com)

Since endometrial overgrowth is commonly associated with obesity, eating a healthy diet, avoiding fatty foods, losing weight and daily exercise may decrease your risk. (gynecology-doctors.com)
Obesity: Excess body weight can lead to an increase in estrogen levels, which can contribute to the development of endometrial hyperplasia. (glamyohealth.in)
Endometrial hyperplasia is increasingly seen in young women with chronic anovulation due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or obesity . (medscape.com)

Severe diffuse epithelial hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis was observed along the upper respiratory tract and keratinized stomach. (cdc.gov)

The rates are more favorable in cases with simple rather than complex hyperplasia, but as mentioned above this terminology was phased out of the WHO classification in 2014. (wikipedia.org)
Generally speaking, there are four types of endometrial hyperplasia: simple hyperplasia, complex thickening, glandular thickening, and atypical hyperplasia. (fuyanpills.com)

The primary endpoint is to compare the pathological outcome of endometrial aspiration with dilatation and curettage. (ewha.ac.kr)

Scheduling regular pelvic examinations can aid in early detection of endometrial or other gynecological abnormalities. (gynecology-doctors.com)
Clinical observation finds patients with endometrial hyperplasia always accompanied by pelvic inflammatory disease or pelvic effusion, which indicates that the stimulation of inflammation is the major cause of endometrial hyperplasia. (fuyanpills.com)

Our goal was to evaluate the serum irisin levels in patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). (jsurgmed.com)
Conclusion: The data from the current study indicate that serum irisin levels were significantly decreased in patients with endometrial hyperplasia. (jsurgmed.com)

If you're of reproductive age, the overall appearance of your endometrial stripe will depend on where you are in your menstrual cycle. (healthline.com)
For women of reproductive age, the endometrial stripe thickens and thins according to their menstrual cycle . (healthline.com)
The first sign that endometrial hyperplasia may have appeared is a violation of the menstrual cycle. (abchealthonline.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms2

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Health Care1

Regression of endometrial hyperplasia after treatment with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue triptorelin: a prospective study. (1/227)

Two-dimensional gel analysis of human endometrial proteins: characterization of proteins with increased expression in hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. (2/227)

The value of sonohysterography combined with cytological analysis of the fluid retrieved from the endometrial cavity in predicting histological diagnosis. (3/227)

K-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis. (4/227)

Tamoxifen induces endometrial and vaginal cancer in rats in the absence of endometrial hyperplasia. (5/227)

Theories of endometrial carcinogenesis: a multidisciplinary approach. (6/227)

Problems in the differential diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. (7/227)

The endometrial effects of SERMs. (8/227)

Endometrial Hyperplasia

Endometrial Neoplasms

Hyperplasia

Endometrium

Progestins

Uterine Diseases

Polyps

Carcinoma, Endometrioid

Levonorgestrel

Uterine Hemorrhage

Endometritis

Hysterectomy

Intrauterine Devices, Medicated

Curettage

Uterine Neoplasms

Contraceptive Agents, Female

Dilatation and Curettage

Lynestrenol

Precancerous Conditions

Animals, Zoo

Prostatic Hyperplasia

Uterus

Adenocarcinoma

Carcinoma in Situ

Hysteroscopy

Immunohistochemistry

Rats, Mutant Strains

World Health Organization

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital

Leiomyoma

Regression of endometrial hyperplasia after treatment with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue triptorelin: a prospective study. (1/227)

Two-dimensional gel analysis of human endometrial proteins: characterization of proteins with increased expression in hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. (2/227)

The value of sonohysterography combined with cytological analysis of the fluid retrieved from the endometrial cavity in predicting histological diagnosis. (3/227)

K-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis. (4/227)

Tamoxifen induces endometrial and vaginal cancer in rats in the absence of endometrial hyperplasia. (5/227)

Theories of endometrial carcinogenesis: a multidisciplinary approach. (6/227)

Problems in the differential diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. (7/227)

The endometrial effects of SERMs. (8/227)

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Evaluation of serum irisin levels in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: A controlled cross-sectional study | Journal...

Atypia25

Atypical endometrial12

Biopsy11

Carcinoma8

Glands10

Endometrium19

Developed endometrial cancer1

Uterus12

Uterine6

Progesterone7

Treat endometrial hyperplasia2

Postmenopausal women4