Enterobiasis
Enterobius
Mebendazole
Antinematodal Agents
A survey of helminthic infections in the residents of rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. (1/53)
A total of 738 samples was collected to survey the helminthic infections of residents in two rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia for 2 weeks from July 23 to August 2, 1998. Among 391 scotch-taped slides of anal swabs of children and of young teenagers. Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected in 138 cases (35.3%). With the fecal samples of 206 Kato-Katz thick smear slides from adults, the eggs of E. vermicularis were observed in 9 cases and Taenia sp. in one case, respectively. And by ELISA on 141 blood samples absorbed to blood sampling paper, 12 cases (8.5%) were found to be positive against the hydatid cyst antigen. Enterobiasis and hydatidosis are two major endemic diseases which are related closely to the life style of Mongolian. (+info)Epidemiology and control of enterobiasis in a developmental center. (2/53)
OBJECTIVE: To determine if enterobiasis could be controlled in a developmental center. DESIGN: Population-based study. Annual screening of all residents by perianal swabs for enterobiasis and on admission or discharge. Treatment of infected residents and their contacts with mebendazole, 100 mg orally, with two doses given 14 days apart. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of residents with enterobiasis and the cost of the program. RESULTS: The prevalence of enterobiasis fell rapidly and progressively, from 21% before mass medication to 1% after 3 years. CONCLUSION: Mass medication of residents with enterobiasis and their contacts was beneficial, harmless, and cost effective. (+info)Cytologic diagnosis of Enterobius vermicularis eggs in an enterocutaneous fistula. (3/53)
A middle-aged female underwent a laparotomy for suspected ovarian cancer and developed a discharging sinus in the right iliac fossa. Smears of the discharge showed helminthic eggs which were characterised as those of Enterobius Vermicularis. The possibility of an enterocutaneous fistula was suggested which was subsequently confirmed during a relook laparotomy. (+info)Enterobius vermicularis egg positive rate in a primary school in Chungchongnam-do (province) in Korea. (4/53)
The egg positive rate of Enterobius vermicularis was investigated among students of a primary school and a kindergarten located in the rural area of Tangjin-gun, Chungchongnam-do in December, 1998. Of the 189 examinees, 28 (14.8%) were found to be infected with E. vermicularis by the adhesive cellotape anal swab method. The infection rates ranged from 4.2% to 26.1% among school children, and the highest rate was observed in children attending kindergarten. Three months after treatment with albendazole, four (14.3%) out of 28 infected children still remained infected with E. vermicularis. Through this survey, we were able to determine that E. vermicularis infection is still prevalent among children in rural areas of Korea. (+info)Intestinal parasite infections at an institution for the handicapped in Korea. (5/53)
Stool and cellotape anal swab examinations were carried out in August 1997 on handicapped people at an institution located in Chorwon-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea. A total of 112 stool samples (78 males and 34 females) revealed three cases of Trichuris trichiura infection and one case of Enterobius vermicularis infection. Other helminth eggs were not detected. The overall prevalence rate was 35.7% (38.5% for males and 29.4% for females). More than two different kinds of parasites were found in 42.0% of the positive stool samples (17 cases). The infection rates for protozoan cysts are as follow: Entamoeba coli (25.0%), E. histolytica (1.8%), Endolimax nana (21.4%), Iodoamoeba butschlii (1.8%) and Giardia lamblia (0.9%). In cellotape anal swab examinations (165 samples), the prevalence rate of E. vermicularis was 20.6% (25.7% of males and 9.6% of females). In conclusion, the handicapped people in the institution showed higher infection rates of protozoan parasites and E. vermicularis, possibly due to more accessibility to the infection. (+info)Enterobius vermicularis egg positive rate of pre-school children in Chunchon, Korea (1999). (6/53)
Pre-school children were examined for the presence of Enterobius vermicularis egg by perianal swab method. We visited 67 nurseries and 25 kindergartens between January, 1999 and April, 1999 in Chunchon, Korea. Of the 4,711 children examined, 434 (9.2%) were found to be positive for E. vermicularis egg. The egg positive rates of boys and girls were 10.1% and 8.1%, respectively. The rates were 7.8% in kindergartens and 9.7% in nurseries. Positive rate of 50 institutions was less than 10%. Rate in 35 institutions was from 10% to less than 20%. Rate in 7 institutions was equal to or over 20%. Out of 1,113 children examined twice, 28 (2.5%) children were positive consecutively, 53 (4.8%) were positive with negative conversion, 47 (4.2%) were negative with positive conversion, and 985 (88.5%) were consecutively negative. It means that in the low endemic area of enterobiasis with around 10% positive rate, the two consecutive examinations may increase the egg detection rate of 4.2-4.8%. The small number of consecutive egg positive children also suggests that the worm burden of the positive children might be low. Since the egg positive rate of that age group in this City increased from 1.85% (1997), and 3.0% (1998), the more intensive regular control should be executed. (+info)Pinworm control and risk factors of pinworm infection among primary-school children in Taiwan. (7/53)
Longitudinal pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) infection rates were estimated at a mass screening for first-grade children during 1991-1996; children were provided medication at the screening. This campaign was able to decrease the infection rates for the 1991 cohort from 16.3% to 0.6%. A case-control study was further conducted for the investigation of risk factors among fourth-graders. Cases comprised 429 children with at least one infection between September 1996 to June 1999, and controls were 280 randomly selected uninfected classmates. Parents were asked to complete a questionnaire survey to report students' personnel hygiene habits. The case-control study revealed that significant factors associated with the infection included playing on the floor (odds ratio [OR], 2.5), nail biting (OR, 2.1), failure to wash hands before meals (OR, 1.7) and living in nonapartment dwellings (OR, 1.6). Girls were at a higher, but not significant, risk (OR, 1.4), than boys. In conclusion, inadequate personal hygiene increases the risk for pinworm infection. The mass screening-medication campaign can be adapted to countries with a similar parasitic problem. (+info)Infection rates of Enterobius vermicularis and Clonorchis sinensis of primary school children in Hamyang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do (province), Korea. (8/53)
The egg positive rate of Enterobius vermicularis and Clonorchis sinensis of school children in the rural area was studied in Hamyang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do in Korea. Cellotape anal swab and formalin ether concentration methods were performed one time to 720 primary school children. The total egg positive rate of E. vermicularis was 12.6% in two schools (Baekjeon and Wiseong). In the Baekjeon and Wiseong primary school, the egg positive rate of E. vermicularis was 4.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Pinworm egg positive rate was 17.6% in the lower grades (1st, 2nd and 3rd), and 7.7% in higher grades (4th, 5th and 6th). The total egg positive rate of male and female was 12.6% and 12.7%, respectively. The egg positive rate of C. sinensis of Baekjeon and Wiseong primary school was 1.5% and 0.46%, respectively. The total egg positive rate of C. sinesis was 0.56%. This survey showed that continuous education and chemotherapy is necessary to treat and prevent reinfection of E. vermicularis. In the case of C. sinensis, health education for school children is recommended to prevent potential infection of adolescents. (+info)Enterobiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis. It is also commonly known as "pinworm infection" or "threadworm infection." The infection occurs when the parasite's eggs are ingested, often through contaminated hands, food, or dust. Once inside the body, the larvae hatch and migrate to the large intestine, where they mature into adult worms. Female worms then lay their eggs near the anus, typically at night, causing intense itching.
Symptoms of enterobiasis may include anal itching, restless sleep, and irritability. The infection is usually diagnosed by identifying pinworm eggs through a "cellophane tape test," where adhesive tape is applied to the anal region and then examined under a microscope for the presence of eggs.
Enterobiasis is typically treated with oral anti-parasitic medications, such as albendazole or mebendazole, which kill both adult worms and larvae. It is also essential to maintain good hygiene practices, including frequent handwashing, regular nail trimming, and avoiding nail-biting, to prevent the spread of pinworm eggs.
'Enterobius' is a genus of small, parasitic intestinal worms also known as pinworms or threadworms. The most common species that infect humans is *Enterobius vermicularis*. These worms are thin and white, and adult females measure about 8-13 millimeters in length while males are smaller, measuring around 2-5 millimeters.
The life cycle of Enterobius involves eggs being laid around the anus, primarily at night, by the female worm. The eggs then become infectious within a few hours and can be ingested through contaminated hands, food, or dust. Once inside the human body, the larvae hatch from the eggs, migrate to the small intestine, and mature into adult worms. After mating, female worms move to the large intestine and lay their eggs near the anus, which leads to the start of a new life cycle.
Enterobius infection often causes symptoms such as anal itching, restless sleep, and irritability. In some cases, there may be no noticeable symptoms at all. Diagnosis typically involves identifying Enterobius eggs through cellophane tape tests or detecting adult worms in stool samples. Treatment usually consists of administering anti-parasitic medications such as albendazole or mebendazole to eliminate the infection.
Mebendazole is a medication used to treat various types of worm infections, such as roundworm, whipworm, hookworm, and threadworm. It belongs to a class of drugs called anthelmintics, which work by preventing the worms from absorbing nutrients, leading to their eventual death and elimination from the body.
Mebendazole is available in various forms, including tablets, chewable tablets, and suspensions. It is usually taken as a single dose or for several days, depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated.
It's important to note that mebendazole is not effective against all types of worm infections, so it should only be used under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional. Additionally, while taking mebendazole, it's recommended to maintain good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding contaminated food or water, to prevent reinfection.
Antinematodal agents are a type of medication used to treat infections caused by nematodes, which are also known as roundworms. These agents work by either killing the parasitic worms or preventing them from reproducing. Some examples of antinematodal agents include albendazole, ivermectin, and mebendazole. These medications are used to treat a variety of nematode infections, such as ascariasis, hookworm infection, and strongyloidiasis. It is important to note that the use of antinematodal agents should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can have side effects and may interact with other medications.
A "mentally disabled person" is a term that generally refers to an individual who has significant limitations in cognitive functioning, such as intellectual disability, developmental disabilities, or mental illness, which impact their daily living, including their ability to learn, communicate, make decisions, and interact with others. This term is often used interchangeably with "intellectually disabled," "developmentally disabled," or "individuals with cognitive impairments." However, it's important to note that the terminology can vary depending on the context and geographical location.
Mental disability can manifest in various ways, such as difficulties with problem-solving, memory, attention, language, and social skills. These limitations may be present from birth or acquired later in life due to injury, illness, or other factors. Mentally disabled persons require varying levels of support and accommodations to ensure their full participation in society, access to education, healthcare, and community resources.
It's crucial to approach this topic with sensitivity and respect for the individual's dignity and autonomy. The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates using person-centered language that focuses on the strengths and abilities of individuals rather than their limitations or deficits. Therefore, it is generally recommended to use more specific and descriptive terms when referring to an individual's condition, such as "a person with intellectual disability" or "a person experiencing mental illness," instead of broad and potentially stigmatizing labels like "mentally disabled."
Pinworm (parasite)