Esophageal Fistula
Fistula
Arteriovenous Fistula
Intestinal Fistula
Medication-induced oesophageal injury leading to broncho-oesophageal fistula. (1/145)
Medication-induced oesophageal injury is one of the least recognised side-effects of oral medication and, in contrast to other oesophageal pathologies, is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of chest pain. We describe a case of medication-induced oesophageal injury with a rare complication in which the diagnosis was not considered until the characteristic features were demonstrated at endoscopy. (+info)Two cases of aorto-gastrointestinal fistula. (2/145)
We report two cases of aorto-gastrointestinal fistula. Case 1, a 60-year-old man, suffered from repeat hematemesis. He was preoperatively diagnosed as aortoesophageal fistula with thoracic aortic aneurysm and was successfully treated by graft replacement of the aneurysm. Case 2, a 73-year-old man, presented with massive gastrointestinal bleeding, yet repeat endoscopical examination did not reveal the origin of the bleeding. He died of catastrophic hematochezia. The pathological findings at autopsy revealed an aortoduodenal fistula. These two cases suggested the importance to consider an aorto-gastrointestinal fistula in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting gastrointestinal hemorrhage. (+info)Congenital broncho-oesophageal fistula associated with bronchiectasis in adults. Report of two cases and review of the literature. (3/145)
Congenital broncho-oesophageal fistula is a rare entity in adult patients. This anomaly may cause various symptoms such as respiratory infections, coughing bouts when eating or drinking and even haemoptysis. Even rarer than its occurrence with the above-mentioned symptoms is its presentation with bronchiectasis. A congenital broncho-oesophageal fistula presenting with bronchiectasis in a 28-year-old male and 36-year-old female are described. In reported cases, symptoms of chronic recurrent pulmonary suppuration were initially attributed to alternative aetiologies. In both cases, with such an unusual presentation, the observation of the fistulous tract was coincidental. Surgical division of the fistula associated with lobectomy resulted in complete resolution of symptoms. (+info)Rat gastric mucous gel layer contains sialomucin not produced by the stomach. (4/145)
The sialylated mucus components of the normal gastric mucosa and mucous gel layer of rats were studied by using various histochemical staining methods including Maackia amurensis II (MAL-II) and Sambucus nigra (SNA) lectins, alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 -- periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and high iron diamine (HID) -- AB pH 2.5. The acidic and neutral mucins characterized by the AB-PAS staining were abundantly present in the mucous gel layer as well as in the gastric mucosa. The sialomucin characterized by HID-AB was barely found in either the mucous gel layer or the mucosa. The sialomucin positive to MAL-II and SNA, which react with the N-acetyl neuraminic acid residue linked to galactose via an alpha-linkage, was moderately detected only in the mucous gel layer, but not in the entire mucosal layer. Furthermore, in animals given surgery to form an esophageal fistula through which saliva was excluded or in animals subjected to salivectomy, the mucous gel layer stained with MAL-II and SNA lectins was markedly decreased. These results indicate that a part of the sialomucin containing-mucous gel layer covering normal rat gastric mucosa originates from the saliva and that MAL-II and SNA lectins are useful for detecting this specific sialomucin. (+info)Aortoesophageal fistula caused by aneurysm of the thoracic aorta: successful surgical treatment, case report, and literature review. (5/145)
Aortoesophageal fistula induced by atherosclerotic thoracic aortic aneurysm is rare, but is usually a fatal disorder, with few survivors reported. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with aortoesophageal fistula successfully treated in a two-stage operation. In the first stage, we performed resection and replacement of the aortic aneurysm with a prosthetic graft in situ, esophagectomy, cervical esophagostomy, and jejunostomy. After the patient recovered well postoperatively, a transmediastinal retrosternal interposition of the stomach was performed, with esophagogastroanastomosis in the cervical area, to re-establish the gastrointestinal tract. We include a discussion of the causes, diagnostic approach, management of the aorta and esophagus, and review of the literature. (+info)Extra-anatomic bypass grafting for aortoesophageal fistula: a logical operation. (6/145)
Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is an uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Usually, but not always, patients present with a small sentinel bleed followed by a variable interval of apparent resolution, and then they experience a massive exsanguinating hemorrhage. The variable interval of time after the sentinel bleed is the period in which most AEFs resulting from thoracic aortic aneurysm have been successfully treated. Although only a few successful cases have been reported in the literature, most describe an in situ repair. We describe treatment of a late-presenting AEF due to a thoracic aneurysm with an extra-anatomic bypass graft for the aortic repair. (+info)Clinical experiences of stenting in patients with esophago-bronchial fistula: report of four cases. (7/145)
The esophagorespiratory fistula is difficult to treat, and the patients' quality of life is generally poor due to suffering from dysphagia and dyspnea. We performed stent therapy in four cases of the esophagorespiratory fistula associated with esophageal cancer. Three of four patients showed improved symptoms, enabling oral liquid or food intake, although one died of dyspnea despite the therapy. The findings suggest that stent therapy is an effective method to close the esophagorespiratory fistula and to improve the patients' quality of life, although it is temporary and not a radical treatment. (+info)Unresectable carcinoma of the oesophagus. (8/145)
One hundred and eighty-one patients with unresectable carcinoma of the oesophagus have been seen and treated during the past 10 years. When the general condition of the patient was judged to be such that he was able to withstand a major operation a bypass procedure was adopted. No cases were rejected, but when the patient was in extremis oesophagostomy and gastrostomy only were performed. The results of treatment are presented and the difficulties encountered discussed. (+info)An esophageal fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between the esophagus (the tube that carries food and liquids from the throat to the stomach) and another organ, such as the trachea (windpipe) or the skin. This condition can result from complications of certain medical conditions, including cancer, prolonged infection, or injury to the esophagus.
Esophageal fistulas can cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, coughing, chest pain, and fever. They can also lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia or sepsis, if left untreated. Treatment for an esophageal fistula typically involves surgical repair of the abnormal connection, along with management of any underlying conditions that may have contributed to its development.
A fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between two organs, vessels, or body parts that usually do not connect. It can form as a result of injury, infection, surgery, or disease. A fistula can occur anywhere in the body but commonly forms in the digestive system, genital area, or urinary system. The symptoms and treatment options for a fistula depend on its location and underlying cause.
An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. This connection causes blood to flow directly from the artery into the vein, bypassing the capillary network that would normally distribute the oxygen-rich blood to the surrounding tissues.
Arteriovenous fistulas can occur as a result of trauma, disease, or as a planned surgical procedure for patients who require hemodialysis, a treatment for advanced kidney failure. In hemodialysis, the arteriovenous fistula serves as a site for repeated access to the bloodstream, allowing for efficient removal of waste products and excess fluids.
The medical definition of an arteriovenous fistula is:
"An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein, usually created by surgical means for hemodialysis access or occurring as a result of trauma, congenital defects, or disease processes such as vasculitis or neoplasm."
An intestinal fistula is an abnormal communication or connection between the intestines (or a portion of the intestine) and another organ or the skin surface. This connection forms a tract or passage, allowing the contents of the intestines, such as digestive enzymes, bacteria, and waste materials, to leak into other body areas or outside the body. Intestinal fistulas can develop due to various reasons, including inflammatory bowel diseases (like Crohn's disease), infections, complications from surgery, radiation therapy, or trauma. They can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin irritation, and infection. Treatment of intestinal fistulas often involves a combination of medical management, nutritional support, and surgical intervention.
A cutaneous fistula is a type of fistula that occurs when a tract or tunnel forms between the skin (cutaneous) and another organ or structure, such as the gastrointestinal tract, vagina, or urinary system. Cutaneous fistulas can result from various medical conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, surgical complications, trauma, or malignancies.
Cutaneous fistulas may present with symptoms such as drainage of fluid or pus from the skin, pain, redness, swelling, or irritation around the affected area. The treatment for cutaneous fistulas depends on their underlying cause and can range from conservative management with antibiotics and wound care to surgical intervention.
It is essential to seek medical attention if you suspect a cutaneous fistula, as untreated fistulas can lead to complications such as infection, sepsis, or tissue damage. A healthcare professional can provide an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan based on the individual's needs.