Head Protective Devices
Mouth Protectors
Civil Disorders
Sports Equipment
Maxillofacial Injuries
Orbital Fractures
Hockey
Skull Fractures
Craniocerebral Trauma
Facial Nerve
Facial Paralysis
Wounds and Injuries
Facial Muscles
Brain Injuries
Facial Nerve Diseases
Facial Bones
Face
Non-fatal injuries sustained by seatbelt wearers: a comparative study. (1/169)
The injuries sustained by 969 drivers and front-seat passengers in road-traffic accidents were studied. Altogether 196 (20-2%) of the drivers and passengers were wearing seat belts and 773 (79-8%) were not. The injuries among the two groups differed greatly in both severity and distribution. A total of 54 (27-6%) of the seatbelt wearers sustained one or more fractures compared with 300 (38-8%) of the non-wearers, and 18 (9-2%) of the seatbelt wearers were severely injured compared with 300 (38-8%) of the non-wearers. Soft-tissue injuries to the face were sustained by only 29 (14-8%) of the seatbelt wearers compared with 425 (55%) of the non-wearers. Since wearing seatbelts may become compulsory, the type and pattern of injuries to be expected in wearers should be appreciated. (+info)Injury rates in Shotokan karate. (2/169)
OBJECTIVE: To document the injury rate in three British Shotokan karate championships in consecutive years. In these tournaments strict rules governed contact, with only "light" or "touch" contact allowed. Protective padding for the head, hands, or feet was prohibited. METHODS: Prospective recording of injuries resulting from 1770 bouts in three national competitions of 1996, 1997, and 1998. Details of ages and years of karate experience were also obtained. RESULTS: 160 injuries were sustained in 1770 bouts. The overall rate of injury was 0.09 per bout and 0.13 per competitor. 91 (57%) injuries were to the head. The average age of those injured was 22 years, with an average of nine years of experience in karate. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of protective padding does not result in higher injury rates than in most other series of Shotokan karate injuries. Strict refereeing is essential, however, to maintain control and minimise contact. (+info)Risk factors for spread of primary adult onset blepharospasm: a multicentre investigation of the Italian movement disorders study group. (3/169)
OBJECTIVES: Little is known about factors influencing the spread of blepharospasm to other body parts. An investigation was carried out to deterrmine whether demographic features (sex, age at blepharospasm onset), putative risk, or protective factors for blepharospasm (family history of dystonia or tremor, previous head or face trauma with loss of consciousness, ocular diseases, and cigarette smoking), age related diseases (diabetes, hypertension), edentulousness, and neck or trunk trauma preceding the onset of blepharospasm could distinguish patients with blepharospasm who had spread of dystonia from those who did not. METHODS: 159 outpatients presenting initially with blepharospasm were selected in 16 Italian Institutions. There were 104 patients with focal blepharospasm (mean duration of disease 5.3 (SD 1.9) years) and 55 patients in whom segmental or multifocal dystonia developed (mainly in the cranial cervical area) 1.5 (1.2) years after the onset of blepharospasm. Information was obtained from a standardised questionnaire administered by medical interviewers. A Cox regression model was used to examine the relation between the investigated variables and spread. RESULTS: Previous head or face trauma with loss of consciousness, age at the onset of blepharospasm, and female sex were independently associated with an increased risk of spread. A significant association was not found between spread of dystonia and previous ocular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, neck or trunk trauma, edentulousness, cigarette smoking, and family history of dystonia or tremor. An unsatisfactory study power negatively influenced the validity and accuracy of the negative findings relative to diabetes, neck or trunk trauma, and cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this exploratory study confirm that patients presenting initially with blepharospasm are most likely to experience some spread of dystonia within a few years of the onset of blepharospasm and suggest that head or face trauma with loss of consciousness preceding the onset, age at onset, and female sex may be relevant to spread. The suggested association between edentulousness and cranial cervical dystonia may be apparent because of the confounding effect of both age at onset and head or face trauma with loss of consciousness. The lack of influence of family history of dystonia on spread is consistent with previous findings indicating that the inheritance pattern is the same for focal and segmental blepharospasm. (+info)Epistaxis: study of aetiology, site and side of bleeding. (4/169)
The present study comprises 300 cases of epistaxis. The analysis of these cases revealed a higher incidence in young males. Unilateral bleeding was seen in almost 60% each of indoor and outdoor cases. Litte's area was the most common site responsible for epistaxis in 28.8% of the indoor and 26.2% of the outdoor patients. Hypertension was the most common systemic cause among indoor patients (62.2%) and sickle cell disorder among the outdoor patients (37.5%). Atrophic rhinitis with myiasis was the local cause of epistaxis in maximum (27%) of the indoor patients and traumatic epistaxis was the commonest cause (33%) among outdoor patients-fingernail trauma in 75.9% of them. Idiopathic epistaxis contributed for 16.5% indoor and 26.1% of outdoor cases. Intractable epistaxis was seen in one case following accidental facial trauma. (+info)Acceptability of baseball face guards and reduction of oculofacial injury in receptive youth league players. (5/169)
GOALS: To assess the relative injury reduction effect and acceptability of face guards on batter's helmets. METHODS: A non-randomized prospective cohort study among 238 youth league baseball teams in Central and Southern Indiana during the 1997 season. Coaches, parents, and players were asked to respond to pre-season and post-season questionnaires. Approximately one half of the teams were supplied with face guard helmets (intervention); all others used this protection at their discretion (comparison). RESULTS: Parents, players, and coaches on the intervention teams reported a reduction in the incidence of oculofacial injuries compared with comparison team respondents (p=0.04). There was no reported adverse effect of face guard use on player performance. CONCLUSIONS: Helmet face guards should be required for batters to prevent facial injuries in baseball. (+info)Treating traumatic tattoo by micro-incision. (6/169)
OBJECTIVE: To design a micro-incision operation for treating traumatic tattoo. METHODS: With an 11-gauge blade, a micro-incision was made on each side of the small tattoo spot and the tattoo skin was removed. For a longer tattoo particle, a longer incision was needed. The skin incision was sutured with 6-0 silk. For a complex tattoo, dermabrasion could be used first to remove the superficial one so as to expose the deep one which was removed in the same way as mentioned above. When there was a large number of tattoo particles, many operations were needed. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were treated by this method with good to excellent result. CONCLUSION: Micro-incision for treating traumatic tattoo is an effective method. (+info)Incidence of injury in amateur rugby league sevens. (7/169)
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence, site, and nature of injuries sustained in amateur rugby league sevens tournaments. METHODS: A total of 168 players competing in three amateur rugby league sevens tournaments were studied. All injuries sustained during matches were recorded. Information recorded included the name of the injured player and the time, cause, anatomical site, and nature of the injury. RESULTS: The incidence of injury was 283.5 per 1000 playing hours. Some 40% (113.4 per 1000 playing hours) of all injuries sustained were to the lower limb (chi(2) = 5.3, df = 1, p<0.05). Contusions were the most common type of injury (113.4 per 1000 hours, 40%, chi(2) = 9.5, df = 4, p<0.05), with most (198.4 per 1000 hours, 70%, chi(2) = 31.5, df =4, p<0.001) occurring in physical collisions and tackles. An increasing injury incidence was observed over the first (99.2 per 1000 hours), second (198.4 per 1000 hours), third (347.2 per 1000 hours), and fourth (694.4 per 1000 hours) matches played during the tournaments (chi(2) = 9.2, df = 3, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that amateur rugby league sevens tournaments, which require players to compete repeatedly on the same day, may hasten the onset of fatigue and predispose to injury. (+info)Orthodontic facebows: safety issues and current management. (8/169)
Some patients treated with extra-oral traction provided by simple elasticated materials and a standard facebow have experienced problems with the standard facebow coming out of the buccal tubes at night and the catapult effect of the extra-oral traction. The disengagement of the facebow at night has affected the success of treatment and occasionally injured the patient. This paper draws on material from a variety of papers and lists the known causes and considers the associated safety issues. It also provides some clinical tips and makes several suggestions for the continued use of this very useful form of additional orthodontic anchorage. (+info)Facial injuries refer to any damage or trauma caused to the face, which may include the bones of the skull that form the face, teeth, salivary glands, muscles, nerves, and skin. Facial injuries can range from minor cuts and bruises to severe fractures and disfigurement. They can be caused by a variety of factors such as accidents, falls, sports-related injuries, physical assaults, or animal attacks.
Facial injuries can affect one or more areas of the face, including the forehead, eyes, nose, cheeks, ears, mouth, and jaw. Common types of facial injuries include lacerations (cuts), contusions (bruises), abrasions (scrapes), fractures (broken bones), and burns.
Facial injuries can have significant psychological and emotional impacts on individuals, in addition to physical effects. Treatment for facial injuries may involve simple first aid, suturing of wounds, splinting or wiring of broken bones, reconstructive surgery, or other medical interventions. It is essential to seek prompt medical attention for any facial injury to ensure proper healing and minimize the risk of complications.
Head protective devices are equipment designed to protect the head from potential injuries or trauma. These devices often include helmets, hard hats, and bump caps. They are engineered to absorb the impact force, shield the head from sharp objects, or prevent contact with harmful substances. The specific design and construction of these devices vary depending on their intended use, such as for construction, sports, military, or healthcare purposes. It's important to choose and use a head protective device that is appropriate for the specific activity and follows established safety guidelines.
Mouth protectors, also known as mouthguards, are devices worn to protect the mouth, teeth, and gums from injury during physical activities or sports that involve body contact or the risk of falling. They typically cover the upper teeth and are designed to absorb and distribute the force of an impact, preventing damage to the teeth, jaw, and soft tissues of the mouth. Mouth protectors can be custom-made by dental professionals, or they can be purchased as prefabricated or boil-and-bite models in sports stores. Using a properly fitted mouth protector is essential for athletes participating in contact sports like football, hockey, basketball, and boxing, as well as non-contact activities such as skateboarding, rollerblading, and bicycling, where accidents or falls can still result in oral injuries.
Civil disorders refer to disturbances of peace and order in a civil society, often involving large groups of people engaging in protest, rioting, or other forms of disorderly conduct. These events can result in property damage, injury, and even loss of life. Civil disorders may be sparked by a variety of factors, including social inequality, political unrest, or economic instability. In the medical field, civil disorders can have significant impacts on public health, as they can disrupt access to healthcare services, increase the risk of violence and trauma, and exacerbate existing health disparities.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sports Equipment" is not a term that typically has a medical definition. It generally refers to the physical items or gear used in sports and athletic activities, such as balls, bats, helmets, protective pads, etc. If you're looking for a term related to sports that has a medical definition, I'd be happy to help with that!
Maxillofacial injuries, also known as facial trauma, refer to injuries that occur in the face and/or maxillofacial region. This region includes the bones of the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), cheeks, eyes, nose, and forehead. Maxillofacial injuries can range from minor soft tissue injuries, such as lacerations or bruises, to more severe injuries involving fractures of the facial bones. These types of injuries may result from various causes, including motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, interpersonal violence, and falls. Treatment for maxillofacial injuries typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, involving specialists such as oral and maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, and emergency medicine physicians.
Orbital fractures refer to breaks in the bones that make up the eye socket, also known as the orbit. These bones include the maxilla, zygoma, frontal bone, and palatine bone. Orbital fractures can occur due to trauma, such as a blunt force injury or a penetrating wound.
There are several types of orbital fractures, including:
1. Blowout fracture: This occurs when the thin bone of the orbital floor is broken, often due to a direct blow to the eye. The force of the impact can cause the eyeball to move backward, breaking the bone and sometimes trapping the muscle that moves the eye (the inferior rectus).
2. Blow-in fracture: This type of fracture involves the breakage of the orbital roof, which is the bone that forms the upper boundary of the orbit. It typically occurs due to high-impact trauma, such as a car accident or a fall from a significant height.
3. Direct fracture: A direct fracture happens when there is a break in one or more of the bones that form the walls of the orbit. This type of fracture can result from a variety of traumas, including motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, and assaults.
4. Indirect fracture: An indirect fracture occurs when the force of an injury is transmitted to the orbit through tissues surrounding it, causing the bone to break. The most common type of indirect orbital fracture is a blowout fracture.
Orbital fractures can cause various symptoms, including pain, swelling, bruising, and double vision. In some cases, the fracture may also lead to enophthalmos (sinking of the eye into the orbit) or telecanthus (increased distance between the inner corners of the eyes). Imaging tests, such as CT scans, are often used to diagnose orbital fractures and determine the best course of treatment. Treatment may include observation, pain management, and in some cases, surgery to repair the fracture and restore normal function.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hockey" is not a medical term. It is a popular sport generally played on an ice surface or a field, depending on the variant. If you have any medical questions or terms you would like defined, I'd be happy to help!
A skull fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that form the skull. It can occur from a direct blow to the head, penetrating injuries like gunshot wounds, or from strong rotational forces during an accident. There are several types of skull fractures, including:
1. Linear Skull Fracture: This is the most common type, where there's a simple break in the bone without any splintering, depression, or displacement. It often doesn't require treatment unless it's near a sensitive area like an eye or ear.
2. Depressed Skull Fracture: In this type, a piece of the skull is pushed inward toward the brain. Surgery may be needed to relieve pressure on the brain and repair the fracture.
3. Diastatic Skull Fracture: This occurs along the suture lines (the fibrous joints between the skull bones) that haven't fused yet, often seen in infants and young children.
4. Basilar Skull Fracture: This involves fractures at the base of the skull. It can be serious due to potential injury to the cranial nerves and blood vessels located in this area.
5. Comminuted Skull Fracture: In this severe type, the bone is shattered into many pieces. These fractures usually require extensive surgical repair.
Symptoms of a skull fracture can include pain, swelling, bruising, bleeding (if there's an open wound), and in some cases, clear fluid draining from the ears or nose (cerebrospinal fluid leak). Severe fractures may cause brain injury, leading to symptoms like confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures, or neurological deficits. Immediate medical attention is necessary for any suspected skull fracture.
Craniocerebral trauma, also known as traumatic brain injury (TBI), is a type of injury that occurs to the head and brain. It can result from a variety of causes, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, sports injuries, violence, or other types of trauma. Craniocerebral trauma can range in severity from mild concussions to severe injuries that cause permanent disability or death.
The injury typically occurs when there is a sudden impact to the head, causing the brain to move within the skull and collide with the inside of the skull. This can result in bruising, bleeding, swelling, or tearing of brain tissue, as well as damage to blood vessels and nerves. In severe cases, the skull may be fractured or penetrated, leading to direct injury to the brain.
Symptoms of craniocerebral trauma can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury. They may include headache, dizziness, confusion, memory loss, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, changes in vision or hearing, weakness or numbness in the limbs, balance problems, and behavioral or emotional changes. In severe cases, the person may lose consciousness or fall into a coma.
Treatment for craniocerebral trauma depends on the severity of the injury. Mild injuries may be treated with rest, pain medication, and close monitoring, while more severe injuries may require surgery, intensive care, and rehabilitation. Prevention is key to reducing the incidence of craniocerebral trauma, including measures such as wearing seat belts and helmets, preventing falls, and avoiding violent situations.
The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve (CN VII), is a mixed nerve that carries both sensory and motor fibers. Its functions include controlling the muscles involved in facial expressions, taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and secretomotor function to the lacrimal and salivary glands.
The facial nerve originates from the brainstem and exits the skull through the internal acoustic meatus. It then passes through the facial canal in the temporal bone before branching out to innervate various structures of the face. The main branches of the facial nerve include:
1. Temporal branch: Innervates the frontalis, corrugator supercilii, and orbicularis oculi muscles responsible for eyebrow movements and eyelid closure.
2. Zygomatic branch: Supplies the muscles that elevate the upper lip and wrinkle the nose.
3. Buccal branch: Innervates the muscles of the cheek and lips, allowing for facial expressions such as smiling and puckering.
4. Mandibular branch: Controls the muscles responsible for lower lip movement and depressing the angle of the mouth.
5. Cervical branch: Innervates the platysma muscle in the neck, which helps to depress the lower jaw and wrinkle the skin of the neck.
Damage to the facial nerve can result in various symptoms, such as facial weakness or paralysis, loss of taste sensation, and dry eyes or mouth due to impaired secretion.
Facial paralysis is a loss of facial movement due to damage or dysfunction of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). This nerve controls the muscles involved in facial expressions, such as smiling, frowning, and closing the eyes. Damage to one side of the facial nerve can cause weakness or paralysis on that side of the face.
Facial paralysis can result from various conditions, including:
1. Bell's palsy - an idiopathic (unknown cause) inflammation of the facial nerve
2. Trauma - skull fractures, facial injuries, or surgical trauma to the facial nerve
3. Infections - Lyme disease, herpes zoster (shingles), HIV/AIDS, or bacterial infections like meningitis
4. Tumors - benign or malignant growths that compress or invade the facial nerve
5. Stroke - damage to the brainstem where the facial nerve originates
6. Congenital conditions - some people are born with facial paralysis due to genetic factors or birth trauma
Symptoms of facial paralysis may include:
* Inability to move one or more parts of the face, such as the eyebrows, eyelids, mouth, or cheeks
* Drooping of the affected side of the face
* Difficulty closing the eye on the affected side
* Changes in saliva and tear production
* Altered sense of taste
* Pain around the ear or jaw
* Speech difficulties due to weakened facial muscles
Treatment for facial paralysis depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, such as Bell's palsy, spontaneous recovery may occur within a few weeks to months. However, physical therapy, medications, and surgical interventions might be necessary in other situations to improve function and minimize complications.
A facial expression is a result of the contraction or relaxation of muscles in the face that change the physical appearance of an individual's face to convey various emotions, intentions, or physical sensations. Facial expressions can be voluntary or involuntary and are a form of non-verbal communication that plays a crucial role in social interaction and conveying a person's state of mind.
The seven basic facial expressions of emotion, as proposed by Paul Ekman, include happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise, anger, and contempt. These facial expressions are universally recognized across cultures and can be detected through the interpretation of specific muscle movements in the face, known as action units, which are measured and analyzed in fields such as psychology, neurology, and computer vision.
A wound is a type of injury that occurs when the skin or other tissues are cut, pierced, torn, or otherwise broken. Wounds can be caused by a variety of factors, including accidents, violence, surgery, or certain medical conditions. There are several different types of wounds, including:
* Incisions: These are cuts that are made deliberately, often during surgery. They are usually straight and clean.
* Lacerations: These are tears in the skin or other tissues. They can be irregular and jagged.
* Abrasions: These occur when the top layer of skin is scraped off. They may look like a bruise or a scab.
* Punctures: These are wounds that are caused by sharp objects, such as needles or knives. They are usually small and deep.
* Avulsions: These occur when tissue is forcibly torn away from the body. They can be very serious and require immediate medical attention.
Injuries refer to any harm or damage to the body, including wounds. Injuries can range from minor scrapes and bruises to more severe injuries such as fractures, dislocations, and head trauma. It is important to seek medical attention for any injury that is causing significant pain, swelling, or bleeding, or if there is a suspected bone fracture or head injury.
In general, wounds and injuries should be cleaned and covered with a sterile bandage to prevent infection. Depending on the severity of the wound or injury, additional medical treatment may be necessary. This may include stitches for deep cuts, immobilization for broken bones, or surgery for more serious injuries. It is important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions carefully to ensure proper healing and to prevent complications.
Facial muscles, also known as facial nerves or cranial nerve VII, are a group of muscles responsible for various expressions and movements of the face. These muscles include:
1. Orbicularis oculi: muscle that closes the eyelid and raises the upper eyelid
2. Corrugator supercilii: muscle that pulls the eyebrows down and inward, forming wrinkles on the forehead
3. Frontalis: muscle that raises the eyebrows and forms horizontal wrinkles on the forehead
4. Procerus: muscle that pulls the medial ends of the eyebrows downward, forming vertical wrinkles between the eyebrows
5. Nasalis: muscle that compresses or dilates the nostrils
6. Depressor septi: muscle that pulls down the tip of the nose
7. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi: muscle that raises the upper lip and flares the nostrils
8. Levator labii superioris: muscle that raises the upper lip
9. Zygomaticus major: muscle that raises the corner of the mouth, producing a smile
10. Zygomaticus minor: muscle that raises the nasolabial fold and corner of the mouth
11. Risorius: muscle that pulls the angle of the mouth laterally, producing a smile
12. Depressor anguli oris: muscle that pulls down the angle of the mouth
13. Mentalis: muscle that raises the lower lip and forms wrinkles on the chin
14. Buccinator: muscle that retracts the cheek and helps with chewing
15. Platysma: muscle that depresses the corner of the mouth and wrinkles the skin of the neck.
These muscles are innervated by the facial nerve, which arises from the brainstem and exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen. Damage to the facial nerve can result in facial paralysis or weakness on one or both sides of the face.
A brain injury is defined as damage to the brain that occurs following an external force or trauma, such as a blow to the head, a fall, or a motor vehicle accident. Brain injuries can also result from internal conditions, such as lack of oxygen or a stroke. There are two main types of brain injuries: traumatic and acquired.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an external force that results in the brain moving within the skull or the skull being fractured. Mild TBIs may result in temporary symptoms such as headaches, confusion, and memory loss, while severe TBIs can cause long-term complications, including physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments.
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is any injury to the brain that occurs after birth and is not hereditary, congenital, or degenerative. ABIs are often caused by medical conditions such as strokes, tumors, anoxia (lack of oxygen), or infections.
Both TBIs and ABIs can range from mild to severe and may result in a variety of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms that can impact a person's ability to perform daily activities and function independently. Treatment for brain injuries typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medical management, rehabilitation, and supportive care.
Facial nerve diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the function of the facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve. This nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression, and it also carries sensory information from the taste buds in the front two-thirds of the tongue, and regulates saliva flow and tear production.
Facial nerve diseases can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the specific location and extent of the nerve damage. Common symptoms include:
* Facial weakness or paralysis on one or both sides of the face
* Drooping of the eyelid and corner of the mouth
* Difficulty closing the eye or keeping it closed
* Changes in taste sensation or dryness of the mouth and eyes
* Abnormal sensitivity to sound (hyperacusis)
* Twitching or spasms of the facial muscles
Facial nerve diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
* Infections such as Bell's palsy, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, and Lyme disease
* Trauma or injury to the face or skull
* Tumors that compress or invade the facial nerve
* Neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis or Guillain-Barre syndrome
* Genetic disorders such as Moebius syndrome or hemifacial microsomia
Treatment for facial nerve diseases depends on the underlying cause and severity of the symptoms. In some cases, medication, physical therapy, or surgery may be necessary to restore function and relieve symptoms.
The facial bones, also known as the facial skeleton, are a series of bones that make up the framework of the face. They include:
1. Frontal bone: This bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the eye sockets.
2. Nasal bones: These two thin bones form the bridge of the nose.
3. Maxilla bones: These are the largest bones in the facial skeleton, forming the upper jaw, the bottom of the eye sockets, and the sides of the nose. They also contain the upper teeth.
4. Zygomatic bones (cheekbones): These bones form the cheekbones and the outer part of the eye sockets.
5. Palatine bones: These bones form the back part of the roof of the mouth, the side walls of the nasal cavity, and contribute to the formation of the eye socket.
6. Inferior nasal conchae: These are thin, curved bones that form the lateral walls of the nasal cavity and help to filter and humidify air as it passes through the nose.
7. Lacrimal bones: These are the smallest bones in the skull, located at the inner corner of the eye socket, and help to form the tear duct.
8. Mandible (lower jaw): This is the only bone in the facial skeleton that can move. It holds the lower teeth and forms the chin.
These bones work together to protect vital structures such as the eyes, brain, and nasal passages, while also providing attachment points for muscles that control chewing, expression, and other facial movements.
In medical terms, the face refers to the front part of the head that is distinguished by the presence of the eyes, nose, and mouth. It includes the bones of the skull (frontal bone, maxilla, zygoma, nasal bones, lacrimal bones, palatine bones, inferior nasal conchae, and mandible), muscles, nerves, blood vessels, skin, and other soft tissues. The face plays a crucial role in various functions such as breathing, eating, drinking, speaking, seeing, smelling, and expressing emotions. It also serves as an important identifier for individuals, allowing them to be recognized by others.
Athletic injuries are damages or injuries to the body that occur while participating in sports, physical activities, or exercise. These injuries can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Trauma: Direct blows, falls, collisions, or crushing injuries can cause fractures, dislocations, contusions, lacerations, or concussions.
2. Overuse: Repetitive motions or stress on a particular body part can lead to injuries such as tendonitis, stress fractures, or muscle strains.
3. Poor technique: Using incorrect form or technique during exercise or sports can put additional stress on muscles, joints, and ligaments, leading to injury.
4. Inadequate warm-up or cool-down: Failing to properly prepare the body for physical activity or neglecting to cool down afterwards can increase the risk of injury.
5. Lack of fitness or flexibility: Insufficient strength, endurance, or flexibility can make individuals more susceptible to injuries during sports and exercise.
6. Environmental factors: Extreme weather conditions, poor field or court surfaces, or inadequate equipment can contribute to the risk of athletic injuries.
Common athletic injuries include ankle sprains, knee injuries, shoulder dislocations, tennis elbow, shin splints, and concussions. Proper training, warm-up and cool-down routines, use of appropriate protective gear, and attention to technique can help prevent many athletic injuries.
Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve
Facial trauma
Devil facial tumour disease
Le Fort fracture of skull
Killing of Cassius Turvey
James Hird
Kevon Looney
Rhytidectomy
Babak Larian
Mark Birighitti
Robert Quarry
Bloody Christmas (1951)
Sunita Narain
Kawhi Leonard
Ryan Inniss
Softball
Brad Keselowski
1936 Paraparaumu train wreck
Vernon A. Walters
Emil Pietzuch
Josh Magette
Albert Kesselring
Drew Miller
Micky Adams
2010 student protest in Dublin
Daniel Jones (footballer)
Dele Alli
2013-14 Port Vale F.C. season
Posterior auricular nerve
Brendan Marrocco
Facial nerve decompression
Trigeminal neuralgia
Facial Injuries| Facial Disorders | MedlinePlus
Facial Soft Tissue Injuries: Practice Essentials, Epidemiology, Sport-Specific Biomechanics
Cell Extraction of Missouri Prisoner Resulting in Facial Injuries Nets $20,000 | Prison Legal News
Facial injury may end French skipper Antoine Dupont's Rugby World Cup | Euronews
Summary of Facial Injuries | High Impact, LLC
BestBets: Role of CT in for screening for facial injuiries in patients having CT for head injury
Facial Nerve Disorders and Injuries - UAB Medicine
Facial Scar Injuries | Atlanta Injury Law Blog
Cranio-facial injury: a man with wounds to his eye, nose and mouth, after incomplete plastic surgery. Reproduction, ca. 1940 (?...
OCULAR INJURIES SUSTAINED DURING BLUNT FACIAL TRAUMA
Facial Injuries | Profiles RNS
Facial Trauma Miami FL, Facial Injuries
Facial Injuries - What Do I Do?
Facial Trauma Brampton ON, Facial Injuries
Facial Injuries - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Lower Facial Injuries | Midwest Sinus and Allergy
Facial Trauma Iowa City IA, Facial Injuries
Topic: Surgical Management of Traumatic Facial Nerve Injuries
Facial Trauma Omaha NE | Facial Injuries Council Bluffs
Management of facial injuries in elite and professional sports - a consensus report - CLOK - Central Lancashire Online...
facial Injury Archives - Oris Dental Clinic
Crooked Teeth: Causes, Concerns, and How to Straighten
Treatment of Facial Injuries by Animal Bite: Case reports
Facial Paralysis | West Virginia Birth Injury Lawyer
Wounds and Injuries - Facial Nerve Injuries | CU Experts | CU Boulder
Chicago Facial Nerve Injury or Paralysis Attorney
Facial Trauma Huntsville | Facial Injury | Jaw Fracture
Facial Trauma Chandler AZ | Facial Injury | Facial Fracture
Facial Trauma: Let a Pro Handle Your Injury
Facial Trauma Treatment - Orlando, FL | Facial Injury / Fracture
Fractures43
- Fractures (broken bones), especially in the bones of your nose, cheekbone and jaw , are common facial injuries. (nih.gov)
- Gunshot injuries to the face that result in fractures of the underlying skeleton present a challenge in management. (medscape.com)
- The goal of this study was to evaluate patterns of facial fractures as a result of gunshot injuries and strategies for management. (medscape.com)
- A retrospective review of facial fractures resulting from gunshot injuries in a level 1 trauma center was performed for the years 2000 to 2012. (medscape.com)
- A total of 190 patients sustained facial fractures from a gunshot injury. (medscape.com)
- Gunshot injuries to the face resulting in fractures of the underlying skeleton have high instances of morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
- Life-threatening concomitant injuries can complicate management of facial fractures in this population. (medscape.com)
- Prompt surgical restoration of soft tissue and bony stabilization of facial fractures are vital to achieve an optimal functional and aesthetic outcome. (medscape.com)
- [ 3 , 4 ] Comprehensive imaging is imperative, especially when other injuries are present, to avoid inaccurate diagnosis of underlying facial fractures and delay of timely and appropriate management. (medscape.com)
- The objective of this study was to examine facial fractures as a result of gunshot injuries in order to elucidate demographics, patterns of injury, concomitant injuries, fracture management, and soft-tissue management at a level 1 trauma center. (medscape.com)
- Skull fractures and other head and facial injuries from motorcycle trauma in Michigan have doubled since that state relaxed its motorcycle helmet laws, reports a study in the June issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). (plasticsurgery.org)
- The difference was significant for fractures and soft tissue injuries. (plasticsurgery.org)
- This translated into a relative 46 percent increase in overall CMF injuries, including a 28 percent increase in fractures and a 56 percent increase in soft tissue injuries. (plasticsurgery.org)
- Fractures of the cheekbones (malar fractures) increased significantly, as did facial lacerations, contusions and abrasions. (plasticsurgery.org)
- Trauma to the face and neck including cuts, hits, stabs or jaw fractures may result in trapping or separation of the facial nerve. (pediatric-ent.com)
- RESULTS: Facial injury was diagnosed in 24.4% of all injured riders, including 411 with one or more facial fractures. (uiowa.edu)
- Significantly increased odds of traumatic brain injury were observed for fracture of all bones of the face, but the highest odds of traumatic brain injury were found in riders with fractures to bones of the upper face. (uiowa.edu)
- Facial fractures are more strongly associated with traumatic brain injury in helmeted riders. (uiowa.edu)
- CONCLUSION: The presence of facial fractures increases the risk of traumatic brain injury. (uiowa.edu)
- Riders with facial fractures should be screened for brain injury, regardless of helmet use status. (uiowa.edu)
- The wounds on the face might include ordinary bruising or selling to other severe impacts like lacerations, gashes, facial burns, and in the worst cases, facial fractures. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- Sports injuries can cause potentially serious broken bones or fractures of the face. (drrobertoliver.com)
- Typically, facial injuries are classified as either soft tissue injuries (skin and gums), bone injuries (fractures), or injuries to special regions (such as the eyes, facial nerves, or the salivary glands). (omsillp.com)
- Since a cast cannot be placed on the face, other means have been developed to stabilize facial fractures. (omsillp.com)
- The treatment of facial fractures should be accomplished in a thorough and predictable manner. (omsillp.com)
- The most common types of sports-related facial trauma are the soft tissue injuries and the fractures of the "T-Zone" bones (the nose, the zygoma, and the mandible). (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Just like injuries to any other bone in your body, facial bones need to be set following fractures or other injuries. (pacificofs.com)
- Any skiing, snowmobiling, snowboarding or ice skating accident could cause facial fractures. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- Oral surgeons understand how to effectively repair facial fractures . (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- With over ten years of experience treating tooth damage, facial fractures and complex sports-related trauma, our board-certified oral and maxillofacial surgeons - Dr. Partridge and Dr. Maxfield - have the advances skills to provide the care you require. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- Teeth can sustain injuries ranging from minor chipping to major segment breakage and even root fractures. (ambaladental.com)
- Although some facial fractures are minor, a complex fracture can result in nerve damage and potentially be life-threatening. (dolmanlaw.com)
- When facial bone fractures are present as the result of trauma, bone healing principles are similar to those of orthopedic surgery. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- Immobilization of facial bone fractures can include internal fixation devices and fastening the jaws together allow complete healing. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- Fractures - In a serious accident, the facial bones including the nose can sustain such great a force that they fracture or shatter. (cordiscosaile.com)
- Facial fractures can occur within the nasal structure, eye (orbital) sockets, or cheekbones. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Due to the thin and delicate nature of the bones and cartilage in the nose, nasal fractures are the most common type of facial fracture. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Much like bone injuries in the extremities, facial fractures require stabilization in order to promote proper healing. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Because of the nose's central positioning on the face, nasal fractures are the most commonly suffered facial fracture. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Some nasal fractures can be treated in the first 7-10 days after injury with a closed nasal reduction. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- T-Zone Fractures: Also very common with sports injuries are fractures of the nose, zygoma (cheek bone) and mandible (jaw). (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
- Skull and facial fractures are breaks in any of the bones of the head and face. (epnet.com)
- Of pediatric patients, 5% have suffered facial fractures. (esentc.com)
Trauma43
- The researchers used a state trauma quality improvement database to analyze changes in the rate of CMF injuries to motorcycle riders since the change in Michigan helmet laws. (plasticsurgery.org)
- Based on their findings, the researchers estimate that wearing a motorcycle helmet can decrease the risk of facial trauma by half, while requiring all riders to wear helmets could decrease facial injuries by more than 30 percent. (plasticsurgery.org)
- Many types of accidents can lead to serious facial injuries and trauma to the face. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Facial trauma can lead to permanent cosmetic scarring and disfigurement requiring multiple facial reconstruction surgeries, plastic surgeries, scar revision treatments or facial prosthetics. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Injuries to the face, by their very nature, impart a high degree of emotional trauma, and affect a person's general self-assurance and the ability to self-confidently socialize. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Victims of facial trauma often require psychological treatment as well as physical treatment for their injuries. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Trauma to the ear may cause a fracture through the ear and hearing organ resulting in hearing loss, disruption of the ear bones, spinal fluid leak, or facial nerve injury. (pediatric-ent.com)
- These types of injuries would usually be the result of significant head trauma, such as a motor vehicle accident, with loss of consciousness. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Facial trauma and the risk of intracranial injury in motorcycle riders. (uiowa.edu)
- Injuries to the face, by their very nature, impart a high degree of emotional as well as physical trauma to patients. (omsillp.com)
- He is trained, skilled, and uniquely qualified to manage and treat facial trauma. (omsillp.com)
- There are a number of possible causes of facial trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents, accidental falls, sports injuries, interpersonal violence, and work-related injuries. (omsillp.com)
- A facial injury often called facial trauma, is any type of injury that affects your face and your mouth. (pacificofs.com)
- With skiing, snowboarding and snowmobiling, the vast speed means any collision has the potential to cause serious facial trauma. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- And, for anyone actively involved in winter sports, we have tips to stay safe and prevent future facial trauma. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- The doctors often see patients with Maxillofacial injuries in emergency trauma care setups. (ambaladental.com)
- We provide all treatments for emergency management of maxillofacial trauma, including minor injuries to teeth as well as significant injuries of jaws. (ambaladental.com)
- Blunt force trauma and penetrating trauma can both cause a facial fracture, as the intense pressure from both can lead to a bone in the face breaking. (dolmanlaw.com)
- In modern post graduate surgical training programs, facial trauma responsibilities are divided between Oral and Maxillofacial, Plastic and Reconstructive, and Otolaryngology/Head and Neck surgical services. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- In the private practice setting, at the local hospital, who takes care of the facial trauma patient varies by community and with surgical specialty availability. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- If you are a facial trauma patient in South Orange County, you will likely be treated at Mission Hospital. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- Our Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) group takes care of facial trauma patients at Mission Hospital and has been doing so for 40 years. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- All surgeons who train in facial trauma management learn how to perform soft tissue wound repair utilizing fine-suture plastic surgery techniques. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- One of these is trauma to the seventh cranial nerve, which can cause facial nerve injury or even complete paralysis of a newborn's face. (carroll-firm.com)
- Did You Experience Facial Trauma? (kendallimplant.com)
- When an injury or accident causes facial trauma, plastic surgery can help restore your facial function and appearance. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- From simple wound closure to skin grafts, flaps, and bony fracture repair, Drs. J. David Kriet and Clinton D. Humphrey can use their expertise to repair facial trauma. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- What are Common Types of Facial Trauma? (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Facial trauma may occur in many ways and may damage the soft tissue, underlying bone, or nerves of the face and jaw. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Because of the sensitive nature of facial injuries and their ability to impart a high degree of physical and emotional distress, early evaluation and prompt treatment of facial trauma is essential to achieving the best possible outcome. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- How is Facial Trauma Treated? (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Not only can trauma to the nose alter an individual's appearance, but these injuries may also lead to impaired breathing, loss of smell, a deviated septum, or other functional complications. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- To schedule a consultation for facial trauma repair and reconstruction, please contact our Kansas City plastic surgery practice. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- It used to be that we would see most of our sports-related facial trauma patients in the fall and winter, when sports participation typically reached its highest point. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
- Even in a "no-contact" or "less-contact" sport where player-to-player injuries are rare, a person can still be hit by a ball, bat, club or other item and experience trauma to the face. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
- If you have any questions about how to protect yourself from sports-related facial trauma, don't hesitate to ask us. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
- The crack of the bat and the splash of kids jumping off a pier also bring some of our youngest patients in the door this time of year, with broken noses or other forms of facial trauma. (esentc.com)
- About three million people a year are treated in emergency departments for facial trauma. (esentc.com)
- Of all facial trauma injuries, a broken nose is the most common. (esentc.com)
- Organ damage can occur due to blunt force trauma, penetrating injuries, or medical complications. (rhllaw.com)
- Facial trauma is bone or soft tissue damage to the face. (rhllaw.com)
- Acute injuries are common after glass cuts or industrial trauma. (drdeepakrathore.com)
- Facial nerve palsy because of trauma or tumors can lead to facial asymmetry on smiling, inability to close eyes, constant drooling from mouth. (drdeepakrathore.com)
Lacerations11
- Basic plastic surgical techniques in repair of facial lacerations. (medscape.com)
- It is important to find otolaryngologists and/or plastic surgeons who are well-trained oral and maxillofacial surgery and are proficient at diagnosing and treating all types of facial lacerations. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Lacerations, gashes, and deep cuts are extremely common, as during an accident, metal, glass, or any other hard object present in the car can cause injury to the face. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- When soft tissue injuries, such as lacerations, occur on the face they are repaired by suturing. (omsillp.com)
- Dr. Pepper is a well-trained oral and maxillofacial surgeon and is proficient at diagnosing and treating all types of facial lacerations. (omsillp.com)
- These range from facial cuts and lacerations to more serious problems, such as broken teeth and facial bones. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- These injuries can range from minor chipping /breakage of the edge of the tooth, fractured tooth, complete loss of the tooth, lacerations, and cuts in mouth /lips to severe injuries of jaws like fracture of jaws. (ambaladental.com)
- Drs. Clark and Schmidt are well-trained oral and maxillofacial surgeons and are proficient at diagnosing and treating all types of facial lacerations . (kendallimplant.com)
- Facial lacerations are typically the result of extreme pressure or blunt force impact. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Based on the severity of your injury, facial lacerations can generally be treated with stitches and suturing. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Soft Tissue Injuries: Lacerations are a common type of injury when playing a variety of sports. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
Fracture14
- Data were collected for patient demographics, fracture distribution, concomitant injuries, and surgical management strategies. (medscape.com)
- Concomitant injuries included skull fracture, intracranial hemorrhage, and intrathoracic injury. (medscape.com)
- France fear that Antoine Dupont could miss the rest of the Rugby World Cup with a facial fracture. (yahoo.com)
- The French Rugby Federation (FFR) have now confirmed that their inspirational skipper suffered a facial fracture and will see a surgical specialist to determine how much time he is set to miss. (yahoo.com)
- IMPORTANT: Often it is difficult to evaluate a nasal fracture immediately after the injury due to the swelling that is present. (pediatric-ent.com)
- STUDY OBJECTIVE: We describe the associations among facial fracture, helmet use, skull fracture, and traumatic brain injury in injured motorcycle riders. (uiowa.edu)
- Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations among helmet use, skull fracture, facial fracture, and traumatic brain injury. (uiowa.edu)
- The odds of traumatic brain injury were 3.5 times greater with than without a facial injury and 6.5 times greater with a facial fracture than with no facial injury. (uiowa.edu)
- Facial fracture with concurrent skull fracture increased the risk of traumatic brain injury dramatically. (uiowa.edu)
- If any of these symptoms occur, be sure to visit the emergency room or the office of a facial plastic surgeon (such as an otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon) where x-rays may be taken to determine if there is a fracture. (drrobertoliver.com)
- It is common to have a Fracture of the facial skeleton after assaults, road traffic accidents, falls, and other injuries. (ambaladental.com)
- A facial fracture occurs when the impact from a motorcycle accident can cause one of the bones in the face to break. (dolmanlaw.com)
- The symptoms of a facial fracture can differ based on what facial bone broke. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Factors that can determine the appropriate treatment for broken facial bones include your age, health, and the severity and location of the fracture. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
Bones10
- Extreme face injuries and disfigurement require pins or plates to be inserted to stabilize the facial bones. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Types of facial injuries can range from injuries to teeth to extremely severe injuries to the skin and bones of the face. (omsillp.com)
- An attempt at accessing the facial bones through the fewest incisions necessary is always made. (omsillp.com)
- Young children are less likely to break a facial bone because they have fat pads that cushion their faces and their bones are more flexible. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- This includes injuries to your soft tissues, your facial bones, and your teeth. (pacificofs.com)
- However, injuries to facial bones cannot be set with a cast. (pacificofs.com)
- Instead, there are a couple of other ways these injuries may be set to allow the bones to heal properly. (pacificofs.com)
- Another way to set facial bones is with plates and screws. (pacificofs.com)
- Prompt treatment is essential for these serious facial injuries - left untreated, broken bones in the cheeks, nose and jaw can create severe complications. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- How the bones set as they heal and the potential for deformity is a huge factor in these types of injuries. (cordiscosaile.com)
Soft-tissue9
- While primary surgical bony and soft-tissue reconstruction is recommended, concomitant injuries that take precedence can hinder such timely approaches. (medscape.com)
- Management of Nasal and Perinasal Soft Tissue Injuries. (medscape.com)
- Sports-related facial injuries account for 8% of all facial soft tissue injuries. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- In addition to impacting facial aesthetics, soft tissue injuries can impact nerves, salivary glands, and salivary ducts. (pacificofs.com)
- Soft tissue injuries include those that affect the soft tissues of your face as well as your intraoral tissues. (pacificofs.com)
- Repairing soft tissue injuries quickly is essential for restoring the functionality of your blood vessels, nerves, and salivary system while also restoring the aesthetics of your face and minimizing scarring. (pacificofs.com)
- Jaws can get fractured along with soft tissue injuries of lip, cheek, and nose. (ambaladental.com)
- This soft tissue injury can be minor, only requiring at-home remedies. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Facial injury complications were infrequent (14, 6%) and included soft tissue infection and prominent scar . (bvsalud.org)
Sports injuries4
- Ocular sports injuries: the current picture. (medscape.com)
- Approximately 11-40% of all sports injuries involve the face. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- But nowadays, we see a steady stream of sports injuries to the face in our office year-round. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
- Facial injuries account for about 11-40 percent of all sports injuries. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
Occur21
- Please refer to TRAUMATIC INJURIES TO THE FACE AND NECK for an overview of the types of injuries that can occur to the face and neck. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Traumatic injuries also occur within the mouth, especially in children. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Most injuries that occur within the mouth heal on their own without stitches. (pediatric-ent.com)
- However, blood vessel injuries can occur, so every injury needs to be carefully evaluated. (pediatric-ent.com)
- For this, one needs to know the common types of facial injuries that might occur due to the accident. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- But they do sometimes occur, which poses the risk of facial burns. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- In children, most facial injuries occur during sports or play or are caused by falls. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Minor facial injuries in young children tend to be less severe than similar facial injuries that occur in older children or adults. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Head injuries may occur at the same time as a facial injury, so be sure to check for symptoms of a head injury . (universityhealthcenter.in)
- But a cut or puncture is likely to occur when a jaw or facial bone is broken. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- These injuries often occur in combination. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- These injuries often occur during automobile accidents, sports or recreational activities, fights or assaults, work-related tasks, projects around the house or accidental falls. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- When facial injuries occur, it is imperative that you seek treatment right away, even if the injury does not seem all that serious at the time. (pacificofs.com)
- You can't always prevent accidents and serious facial injuries, but you can take steps to reduce your risk - and to mitigate the amount of damage you suffer should an incident occur. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- Bruising - Bruises, the least severe type of facial injury, occur when small blood vessels under the skin tear or rupture during the accident. (cordiscosaile.com)
- Burns - Facial burns can occur if there was a fire involved in the wreck or if the victim came into contact with hot vehicle oil or metal. (cordiscosaile.com)
- There are many ways an injury to the face could occur. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Also in this guide, we'll discuss the different types of facial injuries that can occur and the types of accidents that can cause them. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Despite our best efforts to avoid nerve injury during a face lift surgery, it may still occur. (rbcp.org.br)
- Spinal cord injuries occur when the spinal cord is damaged, resulting in partial or complete loss of sensation and mobility. (rhllaw.com)
- Traumatic brachial plexus injury might occur due to blunt injury or sharp cut injuries. (drdeepakrathore.com)
Nerves8
- In addition to the obvious concern of providing a repair that yields the best cosmetic result possible, care is taken to inspect for and treat injuries to structures such as facial nerves, salivary glands, and salivary ducts (or outflow channels). (omsillp.com)
- Injuries to your soft tissues not only impact your appearance, but they can also affect the functioning of nerves and your salivary system. (pacificofs.com)
- In addition to addressing obvious breaks in the skin, great care must be taken to comprehensively treat the underlying facial structures, such as the salivary glands, ducts, and facial nerves. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerves and Nerve Injuries. (wikipedia.org)
- These may be tumors related to nerves or injury to nerves (sharp or avulsion injury). (drdeepakrathore.com)
- These injuries vary from mild traction to total avulsion of spinal nerves. (drdeepakrathore.com)
- of your immune system Nerves What are chest injuries and disorders? (nih.gov)
Victims16
- Hiring an experienced personal injury attorney can help facial injury victims recover fair compensation for their injuries, medical bills, lost wages, expected future medical treatment, and more. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- The award-winning attorneys at Davis Law Group have represented facial injury victims involved in varying types of accidents for more than 20 years and can help you learn more about your legal rights and options after an accident. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Facial nerve injuries are among the most serious type of injuries we see from accident victims. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Many victims have a lasting or permanent change in their appearance and such injuries can also permanently impact vision and speech. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- On top of the physical pain, dog bite victims with facial injuries are often left with a daily reminder of the attack. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Because of the facial injury, victims may withdraw from social situations, even friends and family. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- At Montlick and Associates, Attorneys at Law, our Atlanta car accident attorneys assist car accident victims who have sustained facial injuries in a crash. (montlick.com)
- Our firm has helped many car accident victims with severe facial injuries and we can do the same for you. (montlick.com)
- These injuries can be devastating to accident victims and can have a significant negative affect on their lives. (montlick.com)
- Facial injury victims can seek compensation for their medical expenses, which will include all hospital and doctor's bills, along with surgery bills, if any, and prescription drug costs. (montlick.com)
- Accident victims can also seek compensation for their future medical bills, which can be substantial when serious facial injuries that will likely require additional surgeries or cosmetic procedures, are involved. (montlick.com)
- It is a common confusion among victims suffering from facial injuries whether they can file a claim. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- Victims of motorcycle accidents commonly suffer facial injuries because of how sensitive the face can be to impact. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Car accident victims who sustain facial scarring may develop post-traumatic stress disorder, social disorders, and other mental/emotional traumas, and will undoubtedly experience a reduced quality of life. (cordiscosaile.com)
- Injury recovery from a truck accident is a long and frustrating road that many victims must travel. (attorneystevelee.com)
- Although there is no exact difference between a catastrophic injury and a regular personal injury, a personal injury victim is expected to fully recover after the accident, whereas the injured victims from a catastrophic accident will not. (rhllaw.com)
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2
- Kwang Seog Kim, MD, and colleagues of the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, report the successful use of facial transplant techniques for "autotransplantation" of avulsed facial tissues. (newswise.com)
- As educators at the University of Kansas Medical Center and surgeons at The University of Kansas Health System Dr. J. David Kriet and Dr. Clinton D. Humphrey are trusted leaders and respected educators in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
Nose6
- This topic will present in more detail the types of procedures most commonly performed by an ear, nose, and throat surgeon that aid in the repair of facial and neck injuries. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Therefore, an ear, nose, and throat specialist should do an evaluation about 4 to 5 days after the injury. (pediatric-ent.com)
- It is important to have the nose evaluated immediately after the injury to make sure a septal hematoma is not present. (pediatric-ent.com)
- The ear, nose, and throat specialist is the surgeon of choice for repairing a damaged facial nerve. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Nasal and eye injuries - Damage to the eyes or nose can permanently a car accident victim's vision or sense of smell, not to mention potentially cause disfigurement. (cordiscosaile.com)
- That's why it's best to evaluate the nose 3 to 5 days after the injury when swelling has decreased. (esentc.com)
Paralysis8
- Our Atlanta facial nerve injury or paralysis attorney can help you obtain maximum damages. (carroll-firm.com)
- Either will result in significant harm to an infant, including facial nerve injury or paralysis. (carroll-firm.com)
- Due to the fact that facial nerve injuries or paralysis can be a result of stroke, it is critical to look for symptoms associated with the injury so the child can receive treatment as soon as possible. (carroll-firm.com)
- At Carroll Law Firm, LLC, our Atlanta facial nerve injury or paralysis lawyer can guide you through the process of filing a medical malpractice case so you obtain the maximum damages that are rightfully yours. (carroll-firm.com)
- Injuries resulting in weakness or paralysis of the face should be urgently evaluated. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Complete or incomplete facial paralysis after a facial procedures, may become a very uncomfortable situation between the patient and the surgeon, that is why we propose in this article a guide which intends to help avoid, identify and manage a facial nerve injury in the event of a face lift. (rbcp.org.br)
- However, it is important to note that in a significant number of cases, patients may already have a certain degree of facial paralysis or pre-operative weakness that remains unnoticed in a routine consultation. (rbcp.org.br)
- Spinal cord injuries often lead to paralysis, either paraplegia (loss of function in the lower body) or quadriplegia (loss of function in both the arms and legs). (rhllaw.com)
Disfigurement6
- When facial scars lead to disfigurement, the impact can be traumatic. (montlick.com)
- Facial injuries are not only painful and devastating but take a toll on the mental health of the injured, as one often runs the risk of disfigurement. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- Facial injuries can cause significant scarring and disfigurement that can affect people's lives in a myriad of ways. (dolmanlaw.com)
- And as we already touched on, any facial injuries that lead to scarring or disfigurement can have a very detrimental effect on a person's psyche. (cordiscosaile.com)
- However, injury claims can help fund surgery for severe disfigurement if the procedure can improve a victim's quality of life. (attorneystevelee.com)
- The injuries can cause extreme pain, loss of function, and disfigurement. (rhllaw.com)
Surgery20
- The initial medical treatment alone for injuries to a person's face is often very costly, and the expenses of long-term medical care or plastic surgery to revise scarring and improve the chances of a full recovery can threaten an injured victim's financial future. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- Some facial injuries will even require surgery, which will lengthen the recovery time and increase the potential for permanent scarring. (montlick.com)
- Treatment for a facial injury may include first aid measures, medicine, and in some cases surgery. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Pacific Oral & Facial Surgery Center can help. (pacificofs.com)
- If you have suffered a facial injury, call Pacific Oral & Facial Surgery Center at 925-290-7727 today. (pacificofs.com)
- Contact Pacific Oral and Facial Surgery Center Today! (pacificofs.com)
- Fortunately, when the unforeseen happens, the professional team at Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery of Utah can step in and repair facial injuries. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- If you need expert treatment for facial injuries and you're in the greater Salt Lake City area, turn to the professional team at Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery of Utah. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- Contact Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery of Utah in Cottonwood Heights, South Jordan or Tooele for fast, effective treatment for facial injuries today. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- Facial injuries require steep medical costs, with facial reconstruction surgery possibly needed to heal structural damage. (dolmanlaw.com)
- What's more, if the facial injury requires surgery, additional recovery time can be long and grueling…and extraordinarily expensive. (attorneystevelee.com)
- In 2000, Professor Hutchison launched the Saving Faces Art Project, which charts the physical and emotional journey of facial surgery patients. (sterosport.co.uk)
- He wants to demystify medicine and has participated in many TV and radio programmes about facial surgery. (sterosport.co.uk)
- Professor Hutchison's presentation " Sporting facial injuries and treatment delivering speedy recovery " will discuss facial injuries in sports, treatment, and rehabilitation including examples of how athletes can often return to sports soon after surgery. (sterosport.co.uk)
- For individuals who are concerned with facial scarring, our reconstructive surgeons offer scar revision surgery to minimize the visibility of unsightly scars. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
- Identifying Facial palsy before the surgery: Intending to make the pre-op facial assessment as simple as possible, we suggest a systematic approach examination. (rbcp.org.br)
- Assessment - Facial palsy before surgery: Pre-operative Clinical Examination. (rbcp.org.br)
- Rarely, the zygomatic branches of the facial nerve may be damaged during surgery on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). (wikipedia.org)
- Cosmetic Facial Surgery (2nd ed. (wikipedia.org)
- Microvascular decompression surgery relieves pressure on the facial nerve and can provide relief in many cases. (nih.gov)
Preventable4
- Many injuries are preventable by wearing the proper protective gear, and your attitude toward safety can make a big difference. (drrobertoliver.com)
- Our signature bright orange products help reduce the risk of preventable injuries, errors and infections. (ansell.com)
- If you believe your child was hurt due to a preventable birth injury, you can hold the negligent medical professional responsible. (carroll-firm.com)
- Many of the most common sports-related facial injuries are also preventable. (orangecitysurgicalsolutions.com)
Teeth6
- Isolated injuries to teeth are quite common and may require the expertise of various dental specialists. (omsillp.com)
- These types of injuries are treated by one of a number of forms of splinting (stabilizing by wiring or bonding teeth together). (omsillp.com)
- These types of injuries include chipped and cracked teeth, partially dislodged teeth, or tooth avulsion. (pacificofs.com)
- Cottonwood Heights UT Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Judd E. Partridge, DMD, Matthew N. Maxfield, DMD or Adam C. Stanley, DDS, manages a wide variety of problems relating to the mouth, teeth and facial regions. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- If teeth are damaged or lost as part of the facial injury, modern restorative dental techniques, combined with placement of dental implants can return the patient to normal appearance and function. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- Suffering injuries to your jaw or teeth will limit your ability to talk and eat for a while, which can be a huge inconvenience to say the least. (cordiscosaile.com)
Traumatic Brain5
- Abdul Razak N, Nordin R, Abd Rahman N, Ramli R. A retrospective analysis of the relationship between facial injury and mild traumatic brain injury. (medscape.com)
- The risk of traumatic brain injury was examined by using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. (uiowa.edu)
- A traumatic brain injury can cause physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments including memory loss, difficulty concentrating, mood swings, and motor coordination problems. (rhllaw.com)
- What is traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden injury that causes damage to the brain. (nih.gov)
Accidents5
- Roughly three million people sustain major facial or jaw injuries each year, and car accidents are the second leading cause (assaults are the leading), according to Cengage Learning's Encyclopedia.com. (cordiscosaile.com)
- Injuries to the face can be caused by different circumstances such as criminal assaults , fires, and even workplace accidents. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- People also suffered facial injuries as a result of road traffic accidents. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Facial injuries and accidents, Do I need to see an ENT? (esentc.com)
- After the age of five, many of those injuries are caused by motor vehicle accidents where a seat belt, booster or car seat either wasn't used or installed correctly. (esentc.com)
Reconstruction2
- The proper treatment of facial injuries is now the realm of specialists who are well versed in emergency care, acute treatment, long-term reconstruction, and rehabilitation of the patient. (omsillp.com)
- With extensive experience in facial reconstruction, Drs. Kriet and Humphrey are committed to treating injuries of the face with diligence and precision. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
Reconstructive1
- Gunshot injuries to the face often present as complex reconstructive challenges with regard to acute surgical treatment and long-term management. (medscape.com)
Nasal1
- Stackhouse T. On-site management of nasal injuries. (medscape.com)
Surgeons5
- Typically, surgeons reconstruct these types of injuries using flaps obtained from other areas of the body. (newswise.com)
- When a patient has complex facial injuries including several anatomic regions of the face, surgical repair is often performed jointly with both OMS and PRS surgeons in attendance. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- OMS surgeons have particular expertise in the repair of lower jaw, (mandible) midface (maxilla) and dental injuries. (oralsurgeryteam.com)
- Professor Hutchison wants to inspire and train the doctors of the future and funds PhD students and surgeons in studies on cancer stem cells, the molecular biology of precancer and cancer, and the psychological aspects of facial disease and injury. (sterosport.co.uk)
- Our facial plastic surgeons have devoted much of their careers to helping people overcome traumatic injuries to the face. (kufacialplasticsurgery.com)
Abrasions1
- A facial laceration is a cut to the face and can include abrasions or hematomas. (dolmanlaw.com)
Skull1
- Often, the injury is minor because your skull is hard and it protects your brain. (nih.gov)
Scars3
- However, more severe injuries can leave behind cruel reminders of themselves in the form of scars. (attorneystevelee.com)
- Scars can impede a person's ability to speak, eat, talk, and make facial expressions. (attorneystevelee.com)
- If you have sustained facial scars in a truck wreck, we can help. (attorneystevelee.com)
Complications2
- [ 7 ] Penetrating facial gunshot injuries tend to involve multiple organ systems and present with other complications such as airway compromise and uncontrolled hemorrhage that may delay management. (medscape.com)
- One of the more obvious reasons for addressing facial injuries is the aesthetic complications they cause. (pacificofs.com)
Craniofacial injuries2
- Kim M, Moeller E, Thaller SR. Sports-related craniofacial injuries among pediatric and adolescent females: a National Electronic Injury Surveillance System Database study. (medscape.com)
- The researchers hope to develop the tissue regenerative procedure for human application so that craniofacial injuries could be treated with bony tissue grown alongside natural bone rather than removing bone from elsewhere in the body for grafting and implantation. (nih.gov)
Maxillofacial injuries2
- Papakosta V, Koumoura F, Mourouzis C. Maxillofacial injuries sustained during soccer: incidence, severity and risk factors. (medscape.com)
- Roccia F, Diaspro A, Nasi A, Berrone S. Management of sport-related maxillofacial injuries. (medscape.com)
Different types of facial injuries1
- There are many different types of facial injuries, which range from mild to severe. (pacificofs.com)
Head Injuries1
- For more information, see the topic Head Injuries, Age 3 and Younger or Head Injuries, Age 4 and Older . (universityhealthcenter.in)
Physical6
- Such injuries can have a psychological as well as physical impact, affecting your entire life and even your livelihood. (montlick.com)
- When a dog bite occurs, especially one resulting in facial injuries, the physical, emotional, and legal ramifications can be significant. (southtexaslawfirm.com)
- What are some of the symptoms and physical effects of a facial/jaw injury? (cordiscosaile.com)
- Physical injuries caused by domestic animals are amongthemost common typesof injuries towhichmanisexposed. (bvsalud.org)
- These serious injuries are life-changing and can cause significant physical pain, emotional turmoil, and financial distress. (rhllaw.com)
- A catastrophic injury is defined as a physical injury or illness that is permanent or long-lasting and does severe damage to major body parts. (rhllaw.com)
Face22
- Face injuries and disorders can cause pain and affect how you look. (nih.gov)
- Dr. Kim and colleagues describe their experience with a 56-year-old man who sustained a severe injury of the upper face in a traffic accident. (newswise.com)
- The patient had an avulsion injury, with a 6- by 8-centimeter area of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue torn off the face, leaving exposed bone below. (newswise.com)
- But especially in a highly visible area like the face, these techniques have important limitations, in addition to injury to the donor area. (newswise.com)
- He was taken to hospital with serious injuries to his face. (stv.tv)
- If you are living with injuries to your face from an accident, you need legal help. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- The first thing people notice is your face, making injuries to this area of the body particularly devastating. (montlick.com)
- However, there are other facial injuries that are severe and result in permanent damage, such as scarring to the face. (montlick.com)
- On the down side, they can result in a variety of injuries to the face. (drrobertoliver.com)
- Facial injuries include injuries involving the mouth, face and jaw. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- If you're involved in an accident and notice significant facial swelling, a black eye, blurred vision, a nosebleed or numbness anywhere in the face, seek out treatment from an oral and maxillofacial surgeon right away. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- A helmet is essential to mitigating the chance of incurring a facial injury, as the face shield can protect your face from receiving damage from debris. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Debris impacting the face and road rash can both cause a facial laceration in a motorcycle accident. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Punctures - In some situations, an object may puncture the victim's face, while in other cases, the victim's jaw or facial bone may break, protrude, and puncture the skin. (cordiscosaile.com)
- Professor Iain Hutchison treats patients with diseases, deformities, and injuries affecting the most socially important part of our bodies - the face. (sterosport.co.uk)
- If you would like to speak to an adviser about potentially claiming for an injury to the face, then you are welcome to contact Legal Expert for support today. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Avoiding facial nerve injury during face lifting: Several technical details are discussed along the text aiming to minimize the risk of nerve damage during the surgical procedure. (rbcp.org.br)
- Não é novidade para os cirurgiões plásticos, especialmente aos que se dedicam à cirurgia de face, que o nervo facial pode ser lesado virtualmente em qualquer cirurgia de ritidoplastia. (rbcp.org.br)
- Este artigo, portanto, visa propor de forma clara e sucinta, baseada na experiência dos autores, um guia de como evitar, identificar e tratar uma potencial lesão do nervo facial no contexto de uma cirurgia de face, em especial a ritidoplastia. (rbcp.org.br)
- It is well known that the facial nerve can be injured in virtually every face lift. (rbcp.org.br)
- It is also surprising that on searching for the terms: "face lift/lifting + facial palsy (FP)" or "rhytidoplasty/rhytidectomy + facial palsy", in the PubMed database, there are no answers that fulfill the search criteria 1 , 2 . (rbcp.org.br)
- Although domestic mammal bites to the face are quite common, ocular injury occurs in a minority of cases. (bvsalud.org)
Compensation12
- If you have sustained facial injuries in a car accident, you should be eligible for compensation from the at-fault driver responsible for the accident. (montlick.com)
- If you or a loved one find yourselves facing the aftermath of a dog bite incident, consulting with a knowledgeable personal injury attorney can provide the legal guidance necessary to pursue fair compensation and navigate the intricacies of the legal system. (southtexaslawfirm.com)
- If one has sustained considerable facial injuries where the accident occurred due to the negligence of a third party, one has the right to recover all the losses by claiming compensation. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- Although this is not easy to answer, as the nature of these cases varies from one another, if one is not at fault for the accident or the injuries caused, then one can definitely claim compensation from the negligent party's insurance provider. (articlemarketingnews.com)
- What types of compensation can I recover for facial and jaw injuries? (cordiscosaile.com)
- How Much Compensation Can I Claim For A Facial Injury? (legalexpert.co.uk)
- If you have experienced such an injury yourself because of negligent or criminal behaviour by another party, then you may be able to claim compensation for this. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- We'll also talk about potential compensation amounts if you have strong grounds to make a facial injury claim. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Even if you were unable to identify the assailant, or they are never found, you could potentially lodge a claim with the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- You compensation may be determined by the evidence you can present of your facial injuries and how they have affected you. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- There is however guidance that can show you how your injuries may be valued, and how this form of compensation can be paid in a facial injury claim. (legalexpert.co.uk)
- Our personal injury lawyers will take over your case and work tirelessly to obtain fair compensation for your injuries. (rhllaw.com)
Severity of the injuries1
- Depending on the location and severity of the injuries, important functions like breathing, speaking, and swallowing can be affected. (pacificofs.com)
Oral6
- Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. (medscape.com)
- An oral and maxillofacial specialist is thoroughly qualified to repair facial injuries. (omsillp.com)
- Many patients with facial injuries are first seen in the emergency room and then referred to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon or a plastic surgeon for further treatment. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Winter sports frequently cause facial injuries that require expert care from an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. (oralsurgeryofutah.com)
- There is no consensus in the literature about treatment of these injuries, especially about primary suture and prophylaxis of infectious diseases originating from the contact of the oral mucosa of these animals with the wound. (bvsalud.org)
- He also founded the world's only National Facial, Oral and Oculoplastic Research Centre (NFORC) which launched in 2014. (sterosport.co.uk)
Commonly2
- In areas popular for water sports, such as Florida, this injury is more commonly seen as a result of water-skiing or wakeboarding. (pediatric-ent.com)
- Facial nerve palsy most commonly occurs as Idiopathic which resolves by itself. (drdeepakrathore.com)
Heal5
- Some facial injuries are minor and will heal with prompt medical care, eventually healing with no lasting effects. (montlick.com)
- In most cases, facial injuries are not life-threatening and can usually heal with adequate medical treatment but the damages these injuries inflict go beyond the usual mortal endangerment typically posed by many motorcycle accident injuries. (dolmanlaw.com)
- You will also likely need to take time off from work to heal from your injuries, which may be an issue because of your substantial medical bills. (cordiscosaile.com)
- The goal of injury recovery is to provide treatment and time for your body to heal. (attorneystevelee.com)
- Some brachial plexus injuries may heal without treatment. (nih.gov)
Palsy3
- For example, nerve diseases like trigeminal neuralgia or Bell's palsy sometimes cause facial pain, spasms and trouble with eye or facial movement. (nih.gov)
- Bell's palsy: This condition causes the facial nerve to become inflamed. (carroll-firm.com)
- What to in the event of a post-operative facial palsy: The authors propose a logical approach to the facial palsy, suggesting a planning for diagnosis, classification of the lesion and a rational treatment for the injury. (rbcp.org.br)
Treatment12
- The proper treatment of facial injuries is critical. (injurytriallawyer.com)
- The science and art of treating these injuries requires special training involving a "hands on" experience and an understanding of how the treatment provided will influence the patient's long-term function and appearance. (omsillp.com)
- If the injury is too severe and involves the nerve or pulp, root canal treatment is advised followed by crowns or composite build up. (ambaladental.com)
- There are of course the economic damages of medical bills and lost wages that come with treatment and recovery of these injuries. (dolmanlaw.com)
- Drs. Clark or Schmidt can examine your injury to determine the best treatment. (kendallimplant.com)
- The dental specialist performs the proper treatment of facial injuries. (aceomf.net)
- In 2000, he founded the charity Saving Faces which leads international multi-center clinical trials on facial disease and injury prevention and treatment. (sterosport.co.uk)
- Through its research, NFORC will revolutionise treatment for patients with facial diseases, deformities, and injuries worldwide. (sterosport.co.uk)
- There are very few published studies on the management of nerve injury and they focus mostly on treatment of complete nerve transection which comprises 2.6% of operated cases. (rbcp.org.br)
- Dr. Boudreaux can examine your injury to determine the best treatment. (soafs.com)
- Treatment options are similar like obstetric brachial plexus injury patients. (drdeepakrathore.com)
- Treatment options in such patients involve nerve repairs, nerve grafts, nerve transfers, Cross facial nerve grafting and sling procedures (Dynamic and static). (drdeepakrathore.com)
Suffers2
- A child who suffers from a facial nerve injury will not have complete control of their facial muscles, which is often first noticed in dropping lips and eyelids. (carroll-firm.com)
- Any injury has the potential to be a catastrophic injury as long as the injured party suffers long-term consequences from the accident. (rhllaw.com)
Disorders1
- Certain diseases also lead to facial disorders. (nih.gov)
Jawbone1
- Researchers developed a technique to grow custom-fit bone implants to repair jawbone injuries from a patient's own rib. (nih.gov)
Occurs3
- This often occurs with even a minor injury. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Even if a facial injury does not seem to be serious when it first occurs, it is essential that you seek care to ensure that there are no major issues that might show up later. (pacificofs.com)
- This type of injury occurs during difficult childbirth. (drdeepakrathore.com)
Typically1
- If eye or ear injuries are present, typically the patient will also be managed by an Ophthalmologist (eye surgeon) or Otolaryngologist (ENT). (oralsurgeryteam.com)