The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).
Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.
Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).
The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Effect of 6 beta-methylprednisolone on mouse pregnancy rate. (1/117)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of methyl-prednisolone on the pregnancy rate in mice. For this reason, zona pellucida-intact and zona pellucida-free embryos at the blastocyst stage were transferred to recipient mice at day 2.5 of pseudopregnancy. Embryo transfer was performed into non-immunodepressed and immunodepressed groups of recipient mice using 0.3 or 0.6 microgram/g of 6 beta-methylprednisolone. A higher implantation and developmental rate of zona-free embryos transferred to the immunodepressed group of recipients was observed after using the higher dose of methylprednisolone.  (+info)

Retinoic acid is essential for Shh/Hoxd signaling during rat limb outgrowth but not for limb initiation. (2/117)

Retinoids long have been implicated in limb development and their endogenous contributions to this process are finally being elucidated. Here we use an established model of retinoid depletion during specific gestational windows to investigate the role of endogenous retinoic acid (RA) in supporting limb outgrowth. Rat embryos were deprived of RA starting at days-postcoitum (dpc) 3.0, 5.5, or 7.0 and harvested at the 35-somite stage (dpc 12-12.5). Although embryos from all these windows possessed many characteristics of gestational retinoid deficiency (frontonasal hypoplasia, straight tail, reduced CRBPI and RAR beta), their limb buds emerged with only modest size reductions. Molecular analysis of RA-deficient limb buds revealed enhanced gli-3 and reduced hoxd-12, hoxd-13, shh, and fgf-4, while fgf-8, en-1, and wnt-7a expression remained unaltered. Occasional posterior truncations were observed at low incidence in the longest deficiency window; otherwise, the deficiency window length had no discernable impact on the severity of these changes. At the 45-somite stage, RA-deficient limbs had additional losses of hoxd-13 and fgf-8, accompanied by a flattened AER, suggestive of an ultimate failure in limb bud outgrowth. Results could not confirm a function for endogenous retinoids in limb initiation, but show they are required to maintain the signaling loops between the developing mesenchyme and AER that govern limb outgrowth after the initial emergence of limb bud.  (+info)

Cardiovascular overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta(1) causes abnormal yolk sac vasculogenesis and early embryonic death. (3/117)

Transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) is expressed in the adult and embryonic vasculature; however, the biological consequences of increased vascular TGF-beta(1) expression remain controversial. To establish an experimental setting for investigating the role of increased TGF-beta(1) in vascular development and disease, we generated transgenic mice in which a cDNA encoding a constitutively active form of TGF-beta(1) is expressed from the SM22alpha promoter. This promoter fragment directs transgene expression to smooth muscle cells of large arteries in late-term embryos and postnatal mice. We confirmed the anticipated pattern of SM22alpha-directed transgene expression (heart, somites, and vasculature of the embryo and yolk sac) in embryos carrying an SM22alpha-beta-galactosidase transgene. SM22alpha- beta-galactosidase transgenic mice were born at the expected frequency (13%); however, nearly all SM22alpha-TGF-beta(1) transgenic mice died before E11.5. SM22alpha-TGF-beta(1) transgenic embryos identified at E8.5 to E10.5 had growth retardation and both gross and microscopic abnormalities of the yolk sac vasculature. Overexpression of TGF-beta(1) from the SM22alpha promoter is lethal at E8.5 to E10.5, most likely because of yolk sac insufficiency. Investigation of the consequences of increased vascular TGF-beta(1) expression in adults may require a conditional transgenic approach. Moreover, because the SM22alpha promoter drives transgene expression in the yolk sac vasculature at a time when embryonic survival is dependent on yolk sac function, use of the SM22alpha promoter to drive expression of "vasculoactive" transgenes may be particularly likely to cause embryonic death.  (+info)

Development of mouse-bank vole interspecific chimaeric embryos. (4/117)

One bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) embryo and two mouse embryos were combined at the 8- to 16-blastomere stage and cultured in vitro for 33-47 h. In 66% of cases single regular blastocysts were formed. The chimaeric composition of blastocysts was confirmed karyologically. Out of the 222 blastocysts transplanted to 49 pseudopregnant mouse recipients, a total of 52 implantations were found in 20 recipients. Among the 52 implantations, 14 contained embryos and the remaining were resorptions. The majority of embryos were abnormal and fell into two categories: (1) groups of cells surrounded by Reichert's membrane and lying freely in a cavity filled with giant trophoblastic cells, (2) small and retarded egg-cylinders usually composed of endoderm and ectoderm only, and containing a proamniotic cavity. The ectoplacental cone of these embryos was poorly developed or lacking altogether. Two normal-looking embryos were recovered on the 9th and 10th day (4-somite and ca. 12-somite stage). Chimaerism of the younger embryo was confirmed karyologically. No evidence of chimaerism was available in the case of older embryo which was examined histologically. Thirteen implantations examined between 11th and 17th day contained only resorptions. It is suggested that the main cause of the heavy mortality of chimaeric embryos is the profound difference in the course of embryogenesis of these two species immediately following implantation.  (+info)

Pregnancy loss in the rat caused by bromodichloromethane. (5/117)

Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a trihalomethane, is a by-product of the chlorination of drinking water. In a recent epidemiological study, consumption of BDCM was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion in pregnant women. We have previously shown that BDCM causes pregnancy loss, i.e., full-litter resorption (FLR), in the F344 rat. The mode of action was investigated, with three main findings. First, there was a dramatic difference in sensitivity between F344 and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat strains. Following aqueous gavage treatment on gestational days (GD) 6-10, F344 rats had a 62% incidence of FLR at 75 mg/kg/day, whereas all SD rats maintained their litters. Second, the critical period encompassed the luteinizing hormone (LH)-dependent period of pregnancy. Rats treated on GD 6-10 at 75 mg/kg/day had a 75% incidence of FLR, but rats treated on GD 11-15 at 75 or 100 mg/kg/day were unaffected. Third, 24 h after a single dose, all dams with FLR had markedly reduced serum progesterone levels; however, LH levels were unaffected. The high FLR rate during the LH-dependent period, the lack of response thereafter, and the reduced progesterone levels without an associated reduction in LH levels suggests that BDCM disrupts luteal responsiveness to LH.  (+info)

A study of reproductive performance in pregnant, IL-2 receptor beta-chain overexpressed transgenic mice. (6/117)

Relationships between female reproductive performance and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells were investigated in pregnant IL-2 receptor beta-chain overexpressed transgenic (Tg2Rbeta) mice. At 8 days of pregnancy, all fetuses were alive, suggesting that implantation normally occurred in these mice. However, 47% of fetuses were dead at 10 days of pregnancy and at 12 days all fetuses were resorbing, indicating that fetal loss progressed with the advance of pregnancy. The placenta of Tg2Rbeta mice gradually decreased in weight with the advance of pregnancy. At 10 days the placental labyrinth, decidua basalis, and metrial gland in Tg2Rbeta mice were poorly developed, and more uNK cells were found in Tg2Rbeta mice than in the control mice. We propose that Tg2RPbeta mice are the first and interesting model that uNK cells can cause abortion, to clarify the involvement of uNK cell function in female reproductive performance.  (+info)

Diabetic embryopathy in C57BL/6J mice. Altered fetal sex ratio and impact of the splotch allele. (7/117)

Maternal diabetes (types 1 and 2) induces a broad array of congenital malformations, including neural tube defects (NTDs), in humans. One of the difficulties associated with studying diabetic embryopathy is the rarity of individual malformations. In an attempt to develop a sensitive animal model for maternal diabetes-induced NTDs, the present study uses chemically induced diabetes in an inbred mouse model with or without the splotch (Sp) mutation, a putatively nonfunctional allele of Pax3. Pax3 deficiency has been associated with an increase in NTDs. Female C57BL/6J mice, either with or without the Sp allele, were injected intravenously with alloxan (100 mg/kg), and plasma glucose was measured 3 days later. A wide range of hyperglycemia was induced, and these diabetic mice were bred to C57BL/6J males, some carrying the Sp allele. Gestational-day-18 fetuses were examined for developmental malformations. Fetuses from matings in which either parent carried the Sp allele were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction. Maternal diabetes significantly decreased fetal weight and increased the number of resorptions and malformations, including NTDs. A significant correlation was found between the level of maternal hyperglycemia and the malformation rate. The sex ratio for live fetuses in diabetic litters was significantly skewed toward male fetuses. Matings involving the Sp allele yielded litters with significantly higher percentages of maternal diabetes-induced spina bifida aperta but not exencephaly, and this increase was shown to be associated with the presence of a single copy of the Sp allele in affected fetuses. Thus, Pax3 haploinsufficiency in this murine model of diabetic embryopathy is associated with caudal but not cranial NTDs.  (+info)

Preimplantation exposure to high insulin-like growth factor I concentrations results in increased resorption rates in vivo. (8/117)

BACKGROUND: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome suffer increased rates of miscarriage. Elevated insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations have been implicated. Here, we hypothesize that the high concentrations of IGF-I result in miscarriage, represented by decreased normal pregnancy rates and increased resorption rates in a mouse model. METHODS: In-vitro studies: 2-cell embryos were cultured in either 1.3 or 130 nmol/l IGF-I; or 500 nmol/l IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) sense and antisense oligoprobes for 72 h. Embryos were then transferred into pseudo-pregnant ICR females. In-vivo studies: IGF-I-containing slow-release pellets or mock pellets were implanted within the uterine horn in ICR female mice. For both studies, the recipient females were killed on day 14.5 and the numbers of normal implantation sites versus resorption sites were recorded. RESULTS: In-vitro studies: blastocysts cultured in low IGF-I exhibited significantly higher normal implantation rates than blastocysts cultured in high IGF-I concentrations (P < 0.01). Blastocysts cultured in IGF-IR sense oligoprobes exhibited a significantly higher normal implantation rate than blastocysts cultured in antisense oligoprobes. In-vivo studies: mice implanted with IGF-I-containing pellets exhibited significantly lower normal implantation rates as compared with mock-pellet controls (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: High preimplantation IGF-I concentrations in vitro or in vivo lead to increased resorption rates in the mouse.  (+info)

Fetal resorption, also known as fetal demise or intrauterine fetal death, is a medical term that refers to the absorption of a nonviable fetus by the mother's body after its death in utero. This process typically occurs before the 20th week of gestation and may go unnoticed if it happens early in pregnancy.

During fetal resorption, the fetal tissue is broken down and absorbed by the mother's body, leaving no visible remains of the fetus. The placenta and other surrounding tissues may still be present, but they often undergo changes as well. In some cases, a small amount of fetal tissue may be expelled from the uterus during the resorption process.

The causes of fetal resorption can vary, including chromosomal abnormalities, maternal health conditions, infections, and environmental factors. It is essential to seek medical attention if a woman suspects fetal resorption or experiences any unusual symptoms during pregnancy, such as vaginal bleeding or decreased fetal movement, to ensure proper diagnosis and management.

Fetal death, also known as stillbirth or intrauterine fetal demise, is defined as the death of a fetus at 20 weeks of gestation or later. The criteria for defining fetal death may vary slightly by country and jurisdiction, but in general, it refers to the loss of a pregnancy after the point at which the fetus is considered viable outside the womb.

Fetal death can occur for a variety of reasons, including chromosomal abnormalities, placental problems, maternal health conditions, infections, and umbilical cord accidents. In some cases, the cause of fetal death may remain unknown.

The diagnosis of fetal death is typically made through ultrasound or other imaging tests, which can confirm the absence of a heartbeat or movement in the fetus. Once fetal death has been diagnosed, medical professionals will work with the parents to determine the best course of action for managing the pregnancy and delivering the fetus. This may involve waiting for labor to begin naturally, inducing labor, or performing a cesarean delivery.

Experiencing a fetal death can be a very difficult and emotional experience for parents, and it is important for them to receive supportive care from their healthcare providers, family members, and friends. Grief counseling and support groups may also be helpful in coping with the loss.

Bone resorption is the process by which bone tissue is broken down and absorbed into the body. It is a normal part of bone remodeling, in which old or damaged bone tissue is removed and new tissue is formed. However, excessive bone resorption can lead to conditions such as osteoporosis, in which bones become weak and fragile due to a loss of density. This process is carried out by cells called osteoclasts, which break down the bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the bloodstream.

Pregnancy is a physiological state or condition where a fertilized egg (zygote) successfully implants and grows in the uterus of a woman, leading to the development of an embryo and finally a fetus. This process typically spans approximately 40 weeks, divided into three trimesters, and culminates in childbirth. Throughout this period, numerous hormonal and physical changes occur to support the growing offspring, including uterine enlargement, breast development, and various maternal adaptations to ensure the fetus's optimal growth and well-being.

The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing baby through the umbilical cord. It also removes waste products from the baby's blood. The placenta attaches to the wall of the uterus, and the baby's side of the placenta contains many tiny blood vessels that connect to the baby's circulatory system. This allows for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between the mother's and baby's blood. After the baby is born, the placenta is usually expelled from the uterus in a process called afterbirth.

"Animal pregnancy" is not a term that is typically used in medical definitions. However, in biological terms, animal pregnancy refers to the condition where a fertilized egg (or eggs) implants and develops inside the reproductive tract of a female animal, leading to the birth of offspring (live young).

The specific details of animal pregnancy can vary widely between different species, with some animals exhibiting phenomena such as placental development, gestation periods, and hormonal changes that are similar to human pregnancy, while others may have very different reproductive strategies.

It's worth noting that the study of animal pregnancy and reproduction is an important area of biological research, as it can provide insights into fundamental mechanisms of embryonic development, genetics, and evolution.

Root resorption is a process that occurs when the body's own cells, called odontoclasts, break down and destroy the hard tissue of the tooth root. This can occur as a result of various factors such as trauma, infection, or orthodontic treatment. In some cases, it may be a normal part of the tooth development and eruption process in children. However, excessive or pathological root resorption can lead to weakening and loss of the tooth. It is often asymptomatic and discovered during routine dental x-rays.

Soares, Xenia (13 May 2018). "Guide to Puppy Absorption (Canine Fetal Resorption)". Fetal Resorption at the U.S. National ... Fetal resorption (also known as fetus resorption) is the disintegration and assimilation of one or more fetuses in the uterus ... Fetal resorption in rats is common and can be influenced[how?] by antioxidants. In 1998, an ultrasound study found that the ... Telford, Ira R.; Woodruff, Caroline S.; Linford, Ray H. (January 1962). "Fetal resorption in the rat as influenced by certain ...
"Fetal Resorption - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Jarvis, GE (2016). "Early embryo mortality in natural human reproduction ... stages of prenatal development after organogenesis of the fetus generally results in the similar process of fetal resorption or ... known as embryo resorption. Loss during the ...
Infection in pregnant cats can result in fetal resorption, mummification, abortion, or stillbirth of neonates. Fetuses infected ...
This can happen by implantation failure, miscarriage, embryo resorption, early fetal resorption or vanishing twin syndrome. ... In the later stages of pregnancy, a woman experiencing a stillbirth may cease to sense fetal movements. However, it's important ...
Consequences of maternal infection during this interval are embryonic and fetal death followed by resorption and mummification ... If either fetal or adult bovine serum is incorporated in the nutrient medium of cell cultures used to propagate PPV, it should ... Damage to the fetal circulatory system is indicated by edema, hemorrhage, and the accumulation of large amounts of ... All can reflect embryonic or fetal death or both. The only outward sign may be a decrease in maternal abdominal girth when ...
Types of resorption include: Bone resorption Herniated Disc Resorption Tooth resorption Fetal resorption Blood resorption ... Resorption is the absorption of cells or tissue into the circulatory system, usually by osteoclasts. ... 170 (3). Fernandes, Marina; Ataide, Ida de; Wagle1, Rahul (2013). "Tooth resorption part I - pathogenesis and case series of ... Nutrient resorption, in plants Jones, Sheila J.; Boyde, Alan; Ali, Nadire N. "The resorption of biological and non-biological ...
... similar treatment of female rats causes infertility due to fetal resorption caused by a lack of local retinoic acid synthesis ...
Pregnancy and Infant Loss Remembrance Day Perinatal bereavement Reproductive loss Embryo resorption Fetal resorption The Johns ... Fetal death after 20 weeks of gestation is also known as a stillbirth. The most common symptom of a miscarriage is vaginal ... The term fetal death applies variably in different countries and contexts, sometimes incorporating weight, and gestational age ... Nybo Andersen AM, Wohlfahrt J, Christens P, Olsen J, Melbye M (June 2000). "Maternal age and fetal loss: population based ...
These are thought to be related to lymphedema during the fetal period, specifically to the presence and resorption of excess ... Unusual dermatoglyphics are common to chromosome anomalies and in the case of Turner's may be a consequence of fetal lymphedema ...
These experiments showed intact ETC setae appeared to cause fetal resorption in mice, but frozen ETC setae and ETC setal ... These early fetal losses were soon followed by a sequence of numerous early and late fetal losses and, recognized somewhat ... The fetal loss numbers were large. During the three weeks around the first of May 2001, about 20-30% of Kentucky's pregnant ... Early and late fetal losses were observed within the first and last trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. For EFLs, clinical ...
"The role of geranylgeranylation in bone resorption and its suppression by bisphosphonates in fetal bone explants in vitro: A ... molecules then attach to and enter osteoclasts where they disrupt intracellular enzymatic functions needed for bone resorption ...
... by male harem-mating animals when the alpha male is displaced as well as rodent female infanticide and fetal resorption are ...
"High resorption rates, which cannot be explained on the basis of the expected abortion rate, suggest intense fetal competition ... Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 87 (2): F122-F124. doi:10.1136/fn.87.2.F122. PMC 1721448. PMID 12193519. (Online version required ... A vanishing twin, also known as twin resorption, is a fetus in a multigestation pregnancy that dies in utero and is then ... Peleg, Dan; Ferber, Asaf; Orvieto, Raoul; Bar-Hava, Itai; Ben-Rafael, Zion (October 1998). "Single intrauterine fetal death ( ...
... fetal macrosomia MeSH C13.703.243.300 - fetal resorption MeSH C13.703.277.030 - chorioamnionitis MeSH C13.703.277.060 - ... fetal alcohol syndrome MeSH C13.703.277.370 - fetal growth retardation MeSH C13.703.277.390 - fetal hypoxia MeSH C13.703. ... 277.570 - fetal macrosomia MeSH C13.703.277.677 - fetal nutrition disorders MeSH C13.703.277.785 - meconium aspiration syndrome ... fetal macrosomia MeSH C13.703.733.536 - pregnancy, abdominal MeSH C13.703.733.703 - pregnancy, tubal MeSH C13.703.824.500 - ...
... fetal death MeSH C23.550.260.460.260 - fetal resorption MeSH C23.550.288.500 - syndrome MeSH C23.550.291.125 - acute disease ... fetal macrosomia MeSH C23.888.144.243 - body weight changes MeSH C23.888.144.243.926 - weight gain MeSH C23.888.144.243.963 - ... fetal growth retardation MeSH C23.550.414.300 - blood loss, surgical MeSH C23.550.414.625 - ecchymosis MeSH C23.550.414.712 - ... fetal weight MeSH C23.888.144.699 - overweight MeSH C23.888.144.699.500 - obesity MeSH C23.888.144.699.500.500 - obesity, ...
... and fetal resorption, all related to poor nutrition and inadequate protein intake. In contrast, rabbits fed commercial pelleted ...
... fetal growth retardation, and increased fetal resorption. Exposure to NMU during pre-implantation, post-implantation, ... 1991). Induction of Fetal Malformations After Treatment of Mouse Embryos with Methylnitrosourea at the Preimplantation Stages. ...
... caused by pollution or chemical exposures Implantation failure Molar pregnancy Embryo loss Fetal resorption Blighted ovum ...
Observed adverse effects in rats included fetal resorption in rates (at doses ā‰„50 mg/kg per day), delays in sexual development ... aternal exposure to atrazine in drinking water has been associated with low fetal weight and heart, urinary, and limb defects ...
Methyl iodide-induced fetal hypothyroidism implicated in late-stage fetal death in rabbits". Inhalation Toxicology. 21 (6): 462 ... increase in embryo resorption, suggesting that no standard regulatory study is adequately capable of evaluating the dose- ... and fetal histopathology and teratological evaluation. In a follow-up statistical analysis of these data, it was calculated ... "Absence of embryo-fetal toxicity in rats or rabbits following oral dosing with nelfinavir". Regulatory Toxicology and ...
It may also play a role in physiological regulation of bone resorption by enhancing osteoclast formation. PTHrP is critical in ... December 1990). "Parathyroid hormone-related peptide in normal human fetal development". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 5 ... October 1991). "A carboxyl-terminal peptide from the parathyroid hormone-related protein inhibits bone resorption by ... PTHrP can simulate most of the actions of PTH including increases in bone resorption and distal tubular calcium reabsorption, ...
In humans and other mammals they are more usually called fetal membranes. William K. Purves; Gordon H. Orians; H. Craig Heller ... which among avians stores embryonic waste and assists with the exchange of carbon dioxide with oxygen as well as the resorption ...
During this fusion a resorption process eliminates the partition between the two ducts to create a single cavity. This process ... A study based on hysterosalpingraphic detected arcuate lesions documented increased fetal loss and obstetrical complications as ... Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p. 447. ISBN 978-0-7216-6590-0. ACOG (2001). " ...
They arise during fetal development from structures known as the third and fourth pharyngeal pouch. The glands, usually four in ... kidney it prevents calcium excretion and increases phosphate release and in bone it increases calcium through bone resorption.[ ...
Because of the advent of fetal screening with echocardiography early in life, the incidence of heart defects progressing to ... due to increased uric acid resorption and production with impaired excretion Gallstones One of the most severe and common ...
Fetal bone mineralization peaks during late pregnancy. At this stage, fetal blood has a higher concentration of Ca2+ in ... depletion results in increased osteoclasts differentiation whereas TRPV5 is essential for proper osteoclastic bone resorption. ... In humans, the insufficient maternal-fetal transport caused by pathogenic genomic variants of TRPV6 is thought to be a cause ... TRPV6 also plays important roles in maternal-fetal calcium transport, keratinocyte differentiation, and Ca2+ homeostasis in the ...
... participate in the regulation of bone cell proliferation and differentiation IL-11 causes bone-resorption. It stimulates the ... invade the maternal spiral arteries for stability and the transfer of life-sustaining elements via the maternal and fetal ...
... and increasing resorption of calcium from bones. It has been found that tissue is less responsive to parathyroid hormone ... with a need to replace approximately 30 g of calcium per day due to utilization for fetal growth and fecal and urinary losses. ...
... intrauterine fetal growth restrictions, miscarriage, and/or preterm labor. Decreased fat tissue mass and imbalances between ... estrogen tends to suppress bone resorption and activate bone formation and remodeling units. Because FHA causes hypoestrogenism ... 18.5 kg/m2 due to the increased risks associated with lower BMI including fetal loss, small for gestational age (SGA) babies, ... it has not been adequately studied in premenopausal women and may pose a risk of inadvertent fetal exposure.[citation needed] ...
During this fusion a resorption process eliminates the partition between the two ducts to create a single cavity. This process ... Creasy RK, Resnik R (1994). Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice. Philadelphia: W.B.Saunders. p. 447. ISBN 0-7216- ...
Soares, Xenia (13 May 2018). "Guide to Puppy Absorption (Canine Fetal Resorption)". Fetal Resorption at the U.S. National ... Fetal resorption (also known as fetus resorption) is the disintegration and assimilation of one or more fetuses in the uterus ... Fetal resorption in rats is common and can be influenced[how?] by antioxidants. In 1998, an ultrasound study found that the ... Telford, Ira R.; Woodruff, Caroline S.; Linford, Ray H. (January 1962). "Fetal resorption in the rat as influenced by certain ...
... fetal resorption. Animals, Livestock, One Health , animal and human health , diseases and disorders (animals and humans) , ...
Number of late resorptions: Yes - Other:. Resorption rate % = (resorptions / implantations) x 100. Weight of placentae. Fetal ... resorptions and slightly decreased fetal and placental weights. Based on the data obtained in this study, the dose levels ... dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/day in the form of reduced fetal body weights, increased fetal and/or litter incidences of skeletal ... increased fetal and/or litter incidences of skeletal retardations (retarded ossification) and an increased fetal incidence of ...
Number of early resorptions: Yes. - Number of late resorptions: Yes - Other: percent live and dead fetuses. Fetal examinations: ... Number resorptions: Yes - Other: live and dead fetuses, sexed and weighed. Fetal examinations:. Litter is only 75% of animals ... sex ratio and fetal body weight. The incidence of fetal malformations and variations were comparable between the treatment ... sex ratio and fetal body weight. The incidence of fetal malformations and variations were comparable between the treatment ...
early or late resorptions. Fetal body weight changes:. no effects observed. Description (incidence and severity):. Migrated ... Table 1. Maternal and fetal results of pregnant rats given various amounts if DSS in their diets during gestational days 6 ... No pregnancy with total resorptions was observed in the control or 1.0% DSS group. Early or late resorptions:. effects observed ... early or late resorptions. Key result. Dose descriptor:. NOAEL. Effect level:. 1 074 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received). Based ...
Caused fetal resorptions and malformations in pregnant rats and rabbits. Data insufficient to conclude that the use of this ... Caused fetal resorptions and malformations in pregnant rats and rabbits. Data insufficient to conclude that the use of this ... Fetal complications. Although it might be expected for the offspring of this patient population to have an increased risk of ... Fetal complications. Although it might be expected for the offspring of this patient population to have an increased risk of ...
Number of early resorptions: No - Number of late resorptions: No Fetal examinations:. PARAMETERS EXAMINED. The following ...
... fetal body weights were reduced; at 200 mg/kg/day, there was an increased incidence of fetal resorption. (These doses in the ... Fetal Toxicity. PaceroneĀ® may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Fetal exposure may increase the potential ... Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions. Amiodarone and its metabolite have been shown to cross the placenta. Adverse fetal effects ... Disease-Associated Maternal And Or Embryo/Fetal Risk. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia is increased and may be more ...
showed an increase in incidence of resorption, reduced fertility, delayed delivery and pup mortality. No fetal abnormalities ... Since such experience does not exclude the possibility of fetal damage due to haloperidol, haloperidol decanoate should be used ...
increased post-implantation resorptions at 900+ mg/kg bw per day. *reduced fetal body weights at 400+ mg/kg bw per day ... The main fetal target for DCA was the heart and major vessels. The most common heart defect in fetuses occurred between the ... A statistically significant reduction in fetal body weight (on a per fetus basis and on a per litter basis) was seen in the ... Mild effects on spermiation (i.e., delays) and changes in the degree of resorption of residual bodies were seen at both doses; ...
No changes in litter size or resorptions were observed, but fetal body weight was significantly reduced at 0.75 mg/kg/day. No ... The developmental (fetal) LOEL is 25.0 mg/kg/day based upon 1) decreased mean fetal weight and 2) retardation in skeletal ... Fetal effects were increased skeletal variations including delayed ossification and decreased fetal body weight and increased ... There were no treatment-related effects on embryo/fetal loss, litter size and sex ratio of pups. Variable fetal weights within ...
This dose also caused an increase in fetal resorptions and a decrease in viable fetuses. ... Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Valrubicin intravesical solution can cause fetal harm. Advise females of reproductive potential of the ... was embryo-fetal toxic and teratogenic. Administration of 12 mg/kg resulted in fetal malformations. A dose of 24 mg/kg (about ... Embryo-Fetal Toxicity ā€¢. Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective ...
Fetal morphological examinations of rabbits revealed a significantly increased incidence of renal, cardiovascular, and ventral ... With allyl-chloride (107051) at 80mg/kg, there was a significant increase in resorption and a significant incidence of fetuses ... In injected animals, a significant incidence of delayed fetal development was seen with 2-nitropropane (79469) at 170 ... With methyl-styrene (1319739) at 250mg/kg, resorption was significantly increased. ...
Chloroform affects fetal development of organs and reproductive systems; decreases fetal body weight; causes fetal resorptions ... Formaldehyde crosses the placenta and enters fetal tissues; it is higher in fetal organs than in maternal tissues; causes ... increases fetal resorption and causes skeletal variants. The average half life in humans is 28 hours. Sources: gasoline, ... Benzene crosses the placenta and causes depression of the CNS, decreases hematological cell counts, decreases fetal weight, ...
Itraconazole caused malformations and foetal resorptions when administered at high doses to rats and mice. ...
... resorptions and decreased fetal body weights were reported. ... Based on its mechanism of action, fluorouracil can cause fetal ... Based on its mechanism of action, fluorouracil can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise females of ... Based on its mechanism of action, fluorouracil can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of ... Embryofetal Toxicity: Fluorouracil can cause fetal harm. Advise females and males of reproductive potential of the potential ...
The presence of these antibodies in the mice significantly increased placental damage, fetal growth, and fetal resorption. Zika ...
At 120 mg/m3 and higher, there was severe fetal toxicity with complete early resorption of the litters. At 60 mg/m3, there was ... There was no effect on maternal weight gain, average resorption sites (sites where development began but resorption later ... 1-DCE or any toxic metabolite will be in the fetal compartment. CYP2E1 is not expressed in fetal liver, but begins to be ... Micronucleus test, mouse fetal erythrocytes in vivo. 100 po 1. Sawada et al., 1987. ...
ZDV administered to mice early in gestation was associated with an embryotoxic effect and fetal resorptions; however, ZDV ... Fetal Monitoring. Antepartum testing, including sonographic and nonstress testing and intrapartum fetal monitoring, should be ... Serial sonographic evaluations for fetal growth and amniotic fluid volume as conducted in the study (at entry and every 4 weeks ... The long-term effects of ZDV treatment during pregnancy solely to reduce perinatal transmission or of fetal and neonatal ...
Regarding the phenomenon of foetal resorption, scientists still do not fully understand the causes." ...
Miao D, He B, Karaplis AC, Goltzman D. Parathyroid hormone is essential for normal fetal bone formation. J Clin Invest. 2002; ... Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a critical regulator of skeletal development that promotes both bone formation and bone resorption ... blunt bone resorption (21, 44), and prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss (45). In addition, Tregs are recognized as mediators ... PTH stimulates bone resorption and, to a lesser extent, bone formation, leading to net bone loss (5, 6). Although stimulation ...
Neither placental resorptions nor stillbirths were increased by MRI. Fetal weight at birth and crown-rump length were ... However, the slight but significant reduction in fetal crown-rump length after prolonged exposure justifies further study of ... resorptions, stillbirths) or teratogenicity (homeotic shifts), consistent with the non-ionizing properties of MR. ... Both crown-rump length and fetal weight were significantly reduced after X-irradiation. The percentage of homeotic skeletal ...
Neither placental resorptions nor stillbirths were increased by MRI. Fetal weight at birth and crown-rump length were ... However, the slight but significant reduction in fetal crown-rump length after prolonged exposure justifies further study of ... resorptions, stillbirths) or teratogenicity (homeotic shifts), consistent with the non-ionizing properties of MR. ... Both crown-rump length and fetal weight were significantly reduced after X-irradiation. The percentage of homeotic skeletal ...
During fetal and postnatal life, the membranous bones enlarge by resorption centrally and by apposition of new layers at the ...
Early foetal death with subsequent resorption (only sign: lot of barren ewes) ...
No reproducible evidence of fetal malformations was observed. Increased fetal resorptions were seen in both species at doses ...
However, in vitro treatment with 10 Ī¼M OTA was associated with increased resorption of post-implantation embryos by the mouse ... uterus, and decreased fetal weight upon embryo transfer. Our results collectively indicate that in vitro exposure to OTA ...
  • The presence of these antibodies in the mice significantly increased placental damage, fetal growth, and fetal resorption. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Fetal resorption with many placentomas, placental scars and no viable fetuses steroid at the right time with from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. (showyou.com)
  • Fetal resorption (also known as fetus resorption) is the disintegration and assimilation of one or more fetuses in the uterus at any stage after the completion of organogenesis, which, in humans, is after the ninth week of gestation. (wikipedia.org)
  • With allyl-chloride (107051) at 80mg/kg, there was a significant increase in resorption and a significant incidence of fetuses from treated litters with edema and protruding tongue. (cdc.gov)
  • Fetal morphological examinations of rabbits revealed a significantly increased incidence of renal, cardiovascular, and ventral body wall defects in fetuses from the 160ppm exposure group. (cdc.gov)
  • Conception declined and resorption of fetuses and fetal mortality increased. (brainstorming.com)
  • Itraconazole caused malformations and foetal resorptions when administered at high doses to rats and mice. (drugs.com)
  • When administered to pregnant rabbits during organogenesis from gestation day 6 to 20, an increased incidence of cardiac malformations (cardiac ventricular septal defect), major vessel malformations (truncus arteriosus communis), late spontaneous abortions and resorptions occurred with vericiguat doses of 4 times or more than the human exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD). (pdr.net)
  • Since the placenta co-exists with the fetus, it also encounters various intra-uterine exposures, and experiences certain detrimental effects, which in turn could negatively impact maintenance of a pregnancy or fetal health 2 . (nature.com)
  • As a last resort she will often call upon the macrophages to destroy a fetus that becomes unfit for life well before the time of birth, in a process called resorption. (wnho.net)
  • Before organogenesis, the process is called embryo resorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • Taking tolcapone in mid-gestation barely caused embryo lethality, however, the mice developed preeclampsia-like phenotypes, including maternal hypertension, proteinuria and fetal growth restriction. (biorxiv.org)
  • Pregnancy in young onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) does not often occur, yet the medication in this condition is critical for maternal and fetal health. (biorxiv.org)
  • The placenta is a heterogeneous organ whose development involves complex interactions of trophoblasts with decidual, vascular, and immune cells at the fetal-maternal interface. (nature.com)
  • It maintains a critical balance between maternal and fetal homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Following oral administration to pregnant rats, vericiguat was found to transfer across the placenta resulting in a fetal plasma concentration of approximately 67% of the maternal concentration. (pdr.net)
  • A belly that seems to be getting smaller at this stage of pregnancy could also be a result of Canine fetal resorption. (healthyhomemadedogtreats.com)
  • Generally, canine fetal resorption cannot occur after the 44th-45th day because of the development of the skeletal bones, which cannot get reabsorbed. (healthyhomemadedogtreats.com)
  • Administration of tolcapone in animal gestation has been implicated in fetal growth restriction and malformation, however, the studies are rather limited and the pathogenesis is unknown 10 . (biorxiv.org)
  • This is a biochemical process that forces the tissues of a fetal organism (puppies, for instance) to deteriorate and decompose. (healthyhomemadedogtreats.com)
  • Gallium nitrate inhibits calcium resorption from bone and is effective treatment for cancer-related hypercalcemia. (jci.org)
  • The inhibitory effects on bone resorption were both time- and dose-dependent. (jci.org)
  • This results in bone resorption and calcium resorption in the kidneys, but has minimal effect on calcium absorption in the intestines. (medscape.com)
  • In injected animals, a significant incidence of delayed fetal development was seen with 2-nitropropane (79469) at 170 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and hexachlorobutadiene (87683) at 10mg/kg. (cdc.gov)
  • Fetal resorption in rats is common and can be influenced[how? (wikipedia.org)
  • With methyl-styrene (1319739) at 250mg/kg, resorption was significantly increased. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, no effects on foetal development were seen in the available prenatal developmental toxicity study (Dow Corning Corporation, 1997). (europa.eu)
  • To evaluate the mechanism of drug-induced hypocalcemia, we tested the effects of gallium nitrate upon in vitro release of 45Ca++ from explanted fetal rat bones. (jci.org)
  • During fetal and postnatal life, the membranous bones enlarge by resorption centrally and by apposition of new layers at the edges of the sutures. (aafp.org)
  • however, based on animal reproductive studies, vericiguat may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. (pdr.net)
  • Owing to a low rate of successful fetal delivery in case reports of antepartum liver transplantation, many hepatologists may be hesitant to select orthotopic liver transplantation as the treatment of choice in pregnant women with end-stage liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • An in vivo method was utilized in order to determine any anti-implantation, early abortifacient and/or foetal resorption effects of these extracts. (who.int)
  • The energy deficit resulting from weight loss can also lead to foetal resorption. (agrobs.de)
  • In 1998, an ultrasound study found that the resorption of one or two conceptuses happen in up to 10% of all dog pregnancies, although many cases of assumed complete resorption of an entire litter are likely to have just been the bitch experiencing a pseudopregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Morphological observation, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were used to evaluate the vascularization conditions at the maternal-fetal interface. (bvsalud.org)
  • Western blotting indicated the deficiency of phosphorylated STAT3 and two prime target molecules, PR and HIF-1Ī±, at the maternal-fetal interface under STAT3 inhibition. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, BAR2 or P4 facilitated vascularization at the maternal-fetal interface in STAT3-deficient abortion-prone mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: BAR sustained pregnancy by reviving the systemic immune environment and promoting angiogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface in STAT3-deficient abortion-prone mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Animal models have shown embryofetal toxicity, resorptions, and abortions at doses of 50 mg/kg/day and 12.5 mg/kg/day, or greater in rats and rabbits, respectively. (drugs.com)
  • Fetal resorption (also known as fetus resorption) is the disintegration and assimilation of one or more fetuses in the uterus at any stage after the completion of organogenesis, which, in humans, is after the ninth week of gestation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection may also lead to stillbirth, fetal resorption (fetus disintegration in the uterus), or mummification. (doobert.com)
  • In surviving litters, resorption rates were increased in groups receiving HAA5 at 615 Ć½Ć½mol/kg/day and DBP9 at 307 Ć½Ć½mol/kg/day. (nih.gov)
  • With allyl-chloride (107051) at 80mg/kg, there was a significant increase in resorption and a significant incidence of fetuses from treated litters with edema and protruding tongue. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, although environmental exposure has been linked to altered immune mediators, the effects of BPA and TBBPA on maternal-fetal immune tolerance during pregnancy have not been studied. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally, at the end of gestation (day 21), ultrasound was utilized to confirm pregnancy and measure fetal heart rate. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, while uterine blood loss was similar to that of the M+Pāˆ’ group (confirming pregnancy termination initiation), number of gestational sacs, uterine weights, diameters, approximate fetal weights and fetal heart rates were similar to the Māˆ’Pāˆ’ group. (nature.com)
  • Pregnancy: May cause fetal harm ( 8.1 ). (nih.gov)
  • The aim of this review is to focus on this metal homeostasis, analyzing its normal values, the causes of hypomagnesemia, the interaction with drugs and other conditions, and the diseases associated with magnesium value alteration during pregnancy, in order to study its role in fetal programming of adult diseases. (springer.com)
  • Vanishing Twin formed in 2015 and their name refers to the foetal resorption of Lucas' twin during pregnancy. (firerecords.com)
  • If used during pregnancy, monitor placental blood flow and fetal growth. (drugs.com)
  • Placentitis occurs 10-30 days after infection and may cause fetal death with expulsion, resorption, or mummification. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Benzene crosses the placenta and causes de pression of the CNS, decreases hematological cell counts, decreases fetal weight, increases fetal resorption and c auses skeletal variants. (susansmithjones.com)
  • Average live litter size, average fetal body weight (both sexes), and the incidence of external, visceral, and skeletal malformations or variations were comparable to controls at all doses of MOXY. (nih.gov)
  • A rare congenital disorder of bone resorption characterized by generalized skeletal densification. (cdc.gov)
  • In allogeneic pregnancies, BPA and TBBPA exposure was associated with higher fetal resorption rates and lower maternal Treg number. (nih.gov)
  • universal fetal exposure. (susansmithjones.com)
  • This study was designed to determine whether prenatal mercury exposure, including potential releases from the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster, adversely affects fetal growth and child development. (nih.gov)
  • Transient tachypnea of the newborn is transient respiratory distress caused by delayed resorption of fetal lung fluid. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In 1998, an ultrasound study found that the resorption of one or two conceptuses happen in up to 10% of all dog pregnancies, although many cases of assumed complete resorption of an entire litter are likely to have just been the bitch experiencing a pseudopregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of fetal resorption and quantification of maternal and fetal immune cells by flow cytometry were performed in allogeneic and syngeneic pregnancies. (nih.gov)
  • Jejunoileal atresias generally are attributed to intrauterine vascular accidents, which result in segmental infarction and resorption of the fetal intestine. (consultant360.com)
  • In injected animals, a significant incidence of delayed fetal development was seen with 2-nitropropane (79469) at 170 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and hexachlorobutadiene (87683) at 10mg/kg. (cdc.gov)
  • 1. The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) last considered maternal diet and nutrition in relation to offspring health in its reports on 'The influence of maternal, fetal and child nutrition on the development of chronic disease in later life' (SACN, 2011) and on 'Feeding in the first year of life' (SACN, 2018). (food.gov.uk)
  • They are also leaded with Omega-3 and -6 fatty acids which are important for foetal brain development. (theinformedmum.org)
  • In the absence of an increase in the number of resorptions or fetal deaths at this dose, this result probably reflects normal variation in sex ratio. (nih.gov)
  • Owing to a low rate of successful fetal delivery in case reports of antepartum liver transplantation, many hepatologists may be hesitant to select orthotopic liver transplantation as the treatment of choice in pregnant women with end-stage liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, magnesium is able to influence fetal programming and disease presentation in childhood or adulthood. (springer.com)
  • Animal studies have revealed evidence of embryolethality and fetal resorptions, as well as the a significant decrease in mating and fertility. (drugs.com)