The only specie of the genus Ginkgo, family Ginkgoacea. It is the source of extracts of medicinal interest, especially Egb 761. Ginkgo may refer to the genus or species.
DITERPENES with three LACTONES and a unique tert-butyl group, which are found in GINKGO plants along with BILOBALIDES.
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
A group of 3-hydroxy-4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.
The effect of herbs, other PLANTS, or PLANT EXTRACTS on the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of drugs.
A group of FLAVONOLS based on kaempferol. They are derived from naringenin and can be hydroxylated to QUERCETIN or reduced to leucopelargonidin.
Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.
Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.
Cyclic esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure. Large cyclic lactones of over a dozen atoms are MACROLIDES.
A division of GYMNOSPERMS which look like palm trees (ARECACEAE) but are more closely related to PINUS. They have large cones and large pinnate leaves and are sometimes called cycads, a term which may also refer more narrowly to cycadales or CYCAS.
A mixture of the mesylates (methane sulfonates) of DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and the alpha- and beta-isomers of DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. The substance produces a generalized peripheral vasodilation and a fall in arterial pressure and has been used to treat symptoms of mild to moderate impairment of mental function in the elderly.
Compounds with a 5-membered ring of four carbons and an oxygen. They are aromatic heterocycles. The reduced form is tetrahydrofuran.
Material prepared from plants.
Gymnosperms are a group of vascular plants whose seeds are not enclosed by a ripened ovary (fruit), in contrast to ANGIOSPERMS whose seeds are surrounded by an ovary wall. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally, "naked seed") are borne in cones and are not visible. Taxonomists now recognize four distinct divisions of extant gymnospermous plants (CONIFEROPHYTA; CYCADOPHYTA; GINKGOPHYTA; and GNETOPHYTA).

Antagonistic effects of extract from leaves of ginkgo biloba on glutamate neurotoxicity. (1/290)

AIM: To determine whether the extract of leaves of Ginkgo biloba L (EGb) and several active constituents of EGb have protective effects against glutamate (Glu)-induced neuronal damage. METHODS: Microscopy and image analysis of nucleus areas in the arcuate nuclei (AN) of mice were made. The neuronal viability in primary cultures from mouse cerebral cortex was assessed using MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] staining and the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of single neuron was measured using Fura-2. RESULTS: EGb (2.5 mg.L-1) and its constituent ginkgolide B (Gin B, 2 mg.L-1) protected the neuronal viability against Glu-induced injury, and prevented the Glu-induced elevation in [Ca2+]i. EGb (3-10 mg.kg-1) attenuated the decrease of nucleus areas in arcuate nuclei induced by Glu (1 g.kg-1, s.c.). CONCLUSION: EGb and Gin B prevent neurons from Glu neurotoxicity through reduction of the rise in [Ca2+]i.  (+info)

Herbal remedies: adverse effects and drug interactions. (2/290)

A growing number of Americans are using herbal products for preventive and therapeutic purposes. The manufacturers of these products are not required to submit proof of safety and efficacy to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration before marketing. For this reason, the adverse effects and drug interactions associated with herbal remedies are largely unknown. Ginkgo biloba extract, advertised as improving cognitive functioning, has been reported to cause spontaneous bleeding, and it may interact with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. St. John's wort, promoted as a treatment for depression, may have monoamine oxidase-inhibiting effects or may cause increased levels of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. Although St. John's wort probably does not interact with foods that contain tyramine, it should not be used with prescription antidepressants. Ephedrine-containing herbal products have been associated with adverse cardiovascular events, seizures and even death. Ginseng, widely used for its purported physical and mental effects, is generally well tolerated, but it has been implicated as a cause of decreased response to warfarin. Physicians must be alert for adverse effects and drug interactions associated with herbal remedies, and they should ask all patients about the use of these products.  (+info)

Purification and some chemical properties of 30 kDa Ginkgo biloba glycoprotein, which reacts with antiserum against beta 1-->2 xylose-containing N-glycans. (3/290)

From the seeds of Ginkgo biloba, a glycoprotein, which is a major component that reacts with an antiserum against beta 1-->2 xylose-containing N-glycans, has been purified and characterized. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified glycoprotein was H-K-A-N-X-V-T-V-A-F-V-M-T-Q-H-L-L-F-G-Q-. The molecular mass was estimated to be 17 kDa and 16 kDa by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, however, the molecular mass of this glycoprotein in the native state was 30,762 by MALDI-TOF MS, suggesting that this glycoprotein consists of two subunits; one is glycosylated and the other is not. The structure of N-glycan linked to this glycoprotein (designated 30 kDa GBGP) was identified as Man3Fuc1Xyl1GlcNAc2, which is the predominant N-glycan linked to the storage glycoproteins in the same seeds (Kimura, Y et al. (1998) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 62, 253-261). From the peptic digest of the carboxymethylated glycosylated subunit, one glycopeptide was purified by RP-HPLC and the amino acid sequence was identified as H-K-A-N-N(Man3Fuc1Xyl1Glc-NAc2)-V-T-V-A-F, which corresponded to the N-terminal amino acid sequence.  (+info)

Functional protection of photoreceptors from light-induced damage by dimethylthiourea and Ginkgo biloba extract. (4/290)

PURPOSE: To investigate the functional protective effect of a synthetic (dimethylthiourea, DMTU) and a natural antioxidant (Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761) against light-induced retinal degeneration. METHODS: Wistar rats were exposed for 24 hours to 1700-lux light after treatment with DMTU or EGb 761. Electroretinograms were recorded before and on day (D)1, D3, D8, D15, D22, and D29 after light exposure. The b-wave amplitude was plotted against log L (ganzfeld luminance), providing the b-wave sensitivity curve. The Naka-Rushton function fitted to the sensitivity curve enabled derivation of the parameters Bmax (saturated amplitude) and K (luminance-inducing Bmax/2). In addition, rats from each group were killed for retinal morphometric analyses. RESULTS: In the untreated group, light exposure caused collapse of the b-wave sensitivity curves. Bmax was reduced by 51% at D1 without subsequent recovery. K increased temporarily, reverting to normal values 8 days later. The outer nuclear layer thicknesses decreased markedly in the superior retina. In the treated groups, light exposure had a weaker effect on sensitivity curves. The values of Bmax were not significantly different from those in the unexposed-untreated group, although K increased temporarily. Retinal morphometry was preserved. CONCLUSIONS: Dimethylthiourea and EGb 761 afford functional protection against light-induced retinal damage.  (+info)

Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract against lysophosphatidylcholine-induced vascular endothelial cell damage. (5/290)

AIM: To study the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) against endothelial cell damage induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). METHODS: The vasorelaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) were investigated in the isolated rabbit thoracic aorta. Lipid peroxidation products were determined by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. RESULTS: GbE attenuated the inhibition of vasorelaxation response to ACh and prevented the LPC-induced increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content both in thoracic aortae. GbE prevented the leakage of LDH and the increase of MDA content in cultured endothelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. GbE also markedly increased epoprostenol level in cultured endothelial cells treated with LPC. CONCLUSION: GbE protected endothelial cells against LPC-induced damage due to reduction in lipid peroxidation and facilitation of synthesis and/or release of epoprostenol.  (+info)

Hemorheology and walking of peripheral arterial occlusive diseases patients during treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract. (6/290)

AIM: To study the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract 761 (GbE) from the points of view of hemorheology for patients of peripheral arterial occlusive diseases (PAOD). METHODS: The treatment with GbE (240 mg.d-1, po) and the pain-free walking distance (PFWD) were carried out for 24 PAOD patients (12 nondiabetic, ND and 12 diabetic, D) over 48 wk. The parameters erythrocyte stiffness (ES) and relaxation time (RT), the blood plasma viscosity (eta), the plasma fibrinogen concentration (Cf) and the blood sedimentation rate (BSR), the PFWD, and maximal walking distance (MWD) were determined at 6 wk before treatment (-6), at the beginning of the treatment (0), and after 6, 11, 16, and 48 wk of treatment. RESULTS: At wk -6, ES and RT of both the ND- and D-group were not significantly different from a healthy control group. At wk 0, stiffness and RT were significantly higher than healthy control, and the mean PFWD was only 111 m. The eta value was significantly elevated and Cf and BSR were enhanced. Throughout 11 wk of treatment ES, RT, eta, and Cf decreased gradually and PFWD improved. Between 16 and 48 wk, ES, and RT were no longer significantly different from the controls, whereas eta and Cf decreased gradually but remained higher than normal, BSR decreased, and the PFWD improved by a factor of 3.8 times (D) and 3.3 times (ND). CONCLUSION: GbE gives therapeutic effects in PAOD patients.  (+info)

A review of nutrients and botanicals in the integrative management of cognitive dysfunction. (7/290)

Dementias and other severe cognitive dysfunction states pose a daunting challenge to existing medical management strategies. An integrative, early intervention approach seems warranted. Whereas, allopathic treatment options are highly limited, nutritional and botanical therapies are available which have proven degrees of efficacy and generally favorable benefit-to-risk profiles. This review covers five such therapies: phosphatidylserine (PS), acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC), vinpocetine, Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE), and Bacopa monniera (Bacopa). PS is a phospholipid enriched in the brain, validated through double-blind trials for improving memory, learning, concentration, word recall, and mood in middle-aged and elderly subjects with dementia or age-related cognitive decline. PS has an excellent benefit-to-risk profile. ALC is an energizer and metabolic cofactor which also benefits various cognitive functions in the middle-aged and elderly, but with a slightly less favorable benefit-to-risk profile. Vinpocetine, found in the lesser periwinkle Vinca minor, is an excellent vasodilator and cerebral metabolic enhancer with proven benefits for vascular-based cognitive dysfunction. Two meta-analyses of GbE demonstrate the best preparations offer limited benefits for vascular insufficiencies and even more limited benefits for Alzheimer's, while "commodity" GbE products offer little benefit, if any at all. GbE (and probably also vinpocetine) is incompatible with blood-thinning drugs. Bacopa is an Ayurvedic botanical with apparent anti-anxiety, anti-fatigue, and memory-strengthening effects. These five substances offer interesting contributions to a personalized approach for restoring cognitive function, perhaps eventually in conjunction with the judicious application of growth factors.  (+info)

Serotonin stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase activity through the formation of superoxide anion. (8/290)

Our previous studies have shown that, through an active transport process, serotonin (5-HT) rapidly elevates O(-)(2). formation, stimulates protein phosphorylation, and enhances proliferation of bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We presently show that 1 microM 5-HT also rapidly elevates phosphorylation and activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and ERK2 of SMCs, and the enhanced phosphorylation is blocked by the antioxidants Tiron, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and Ginkgo biloba extract. Inhibition of MAP kinase with PD-98059 failed to block enhanced O(-)(2). formation by 5-HT. Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CCL-39 cells), which demonstrate both 5-HT transporter and receptor activity, showed a similar response to 5-HT (i.e., enhanced mitogenesis, O(-)(2). formation, and ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation and activation). Unlike SMCs, they also responded to 5-HT receptor agonists. We conclude that downstream signaling of MAP kinase is a generalized cellular response to 5-HT that occurs secondary to O(-)(2). formation and may be initiated by either the 5-HT transporter or receptor depending on the cell type.  (+info)

"Ginkgo biloba" is a specific species of tree, and its extract is commonly used in dietary supplements. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Ginkgo biloba extract is derived from the dried leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree and contains several components with antioxidant properties, including flavonoids and terpenoids.

Ginkgo biloba extract has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and it is one of the most commonly used herbal supplements in Europe and the United States. It is often used for its potential benefits on memory, cognitive function, and mood, although the evidence supporting these uses is mixed. Some studies have suggested that Ginkgo biloba extract may help to improve symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, as well as tinnitus (ringing in the ears), but more research is needed to confirm these effects.

It is important to note that Ginkgo biloba can interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, and may increase the risk of bleeding. As with any supplement or medication, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider before taking Ginkgo biloba extract to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Ginkgolides are a group of unique sesquiterpene lactone compounds that are primarily found in the extract of the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, which is one of the oldest living tree species in the world. These compounds are known for their potent antiplatelet and antioxidant properties, which have been studied extensively in various medical research fields, including neurology, cardiology, and pharmacology.

Ginkgolides are believed to work by inhibiting a specific type of receptor in the body called the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, which plays a crucial role in inflammation, blood clotting, and other physiological processes. By blocking this receptor, ginkgolides can help prevent excessive blood clotting, reduce inflammation, and improve blood flow to various organs and tissues in the body.

Ginkgo biloba extract, which contains ginkgolides A, B, C, and J, is commonly used in complementary and alternative medicine to treat a variety of conditions, including cognitive decline, memory loss, tinnitus, and peripheral vascular diseases. However, it's important to note that the use of Ginkgo biloba extract and ginkgolides should be under the guidance of healthcare professionals due to potential side effects and interactions with other medications.

A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.

Flavonols are a type of flavonoid, which is a class of plant and fungal metabolites. They are characterized by the presence of a 3-hydroxyflavone skeleton. Flavonols are found in a variety of plants and are known for their antioxidant properties. Some common dietary sources of flavonols include onions, kale, broccoli, apples, tea, and red wine. They have been studied for their potential health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Flavonols are also known to have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties.

Herb-drug interactions (HDIs) refer to the pharmacological or clinical consequences that occur when a patient takes a herbal product concurrently with a prescribed medication. These interactions can result in various outcomes, such as decreased, increased, or altered drug effects due to changes in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of the drug.

Herbs may contain various bioactive compounds that can interact with drugs and affect their pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. For example, some herbs may induce or inhibit drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes, leading to altered drug metabolism and potentially increased or decreased drug concentrations in the body.

Similarly, herbs can also affect drug transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, which can further alter drug absorption, distribution, and excretion. Moreover, some herbs may have pharmacodynamic interactions with drugs, leading to additive or synergistic effects, or antagonism of the drug's therapeutic action.

Therefore, healthcare providers should be aware of potential HDIs when prescribing medications to patients who use herbal products and consider monitoring their patients' medication responses closely. Patients should also be advised to inform their healthcare providers about any herbal products they are taking, including dosage and frequency of use.

Kaempferol is not a medical term, but a chemical compound. It is a type of flavonoid, a class of plant pigments that are known for their antioxidant properties. Kaempferol can be found in various plants and foods such as tea, broccoli, kale, spinach, grapes, and some types of berries.

Medically, kaempferol has been studied for its potential health benefits due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and determine the appropriate dosages for medical use. It's important to note that consuming foods rich in kaempferol as part of a balanced diet is generally considered safe and beneficial for health.

Phytotherapy is the use of extracts of natural origin, especially plants or plant parts, for therapeutic purposes. It is also known as herbal medicine and is a traditional practice in many cultures. The active compounds in these plant extracts are believed to have various medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or sedative effects. Practitioners of phytotherapy may use the whole plant, dried parts, or concentrated extracts to prepare teas, capsules, tinctures, or ointments for therapeutic use. It is important to note that the effectiveness and safety of phytotherapy are not always supported by scientific evidence, and it should be used with caution and preferably under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Medicinal plants are defined as those plants that contain naturally occurring chemical compounds which can be used for therapeutic purposes, either directly or indirectly. These plants have been used for centuries in various traditional systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, and Native American medicine, to prevent or treat various health conditions.

Medicinal plants contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and saponins, among others. These compounds have been found to possess various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Medicinal plants can be used in various forms, including whole plant material, extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds. They can be administered through different routes, such as oral, topical, or respiratory, depending on the desired therapeutic effect.

It is important to note that while medicinal plants have been used safely and effectively for centuries, they should be used with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Some medicinal plants can interact with prescription medications or have adverse effects if used inappropriately.

I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Plant leaves" are not a medical term, but rather a general biological term referring to a specific organ found in plants.

Leaves are organs that are typically flat and broad, and they are the primary site of photosynthesis in most plants. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

While leaves do not have a direct medical definition, understanding their structure and function can be important in various medical fields, such as pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal plants) or environmental health. For example, certain plant leaves may contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential, while others may produce allergens or toxins that can impact human health.

Chinese herbal drugs, also known as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), refer to a system of medicine that has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the body's vital energy, called Qi, must be balanced and flowing freely for good health. TCM uses various techniques such as herbal therapy, acupuncture, dietary therapy, and exercise to restore balance and promote healing.

Chinese herbal drugs are usually prescribed in the form of teas, powders, pills, or tinctures and may contain one or a combination of herbs. The herbs used in Chinese medicine are typically derived from plants, minerals, or animal products. Some commonly used Chinese herbs include ginseng, astragalus, licorice root, and cinnamon bark.

It is important to note that the use of Chinese herbal drugs should be under the guidance of a qualified practitioner, as some herbs can interact with prescription medications or have side effects. Additionally, the quality and safety of Chinese herbal products can vary widely depending on the source and manufacturing process.

Lactones are not a medical term per se, but they are important in the field of pharmaceuticals and medicinal chemistry. Lactones are cyclic esters derived from hydroxy acids. They can be found naturally in various plants, fruits, and some insects. In medicine, lactones have been used in the synthesis of drugs, including certain antibiotics and antifungal agents. For instance, the penicillin family of antibiotics contains a beta-lactone ring in their structure, which is essential for their antibacterial activity.

Cycadophyta, also known as cycads, is a division of plants that includes several species of mostly tropical and subtropical gymnosperms. These plants are characterized by a large crown of compound leaves, a stout trunk often undergrown by other plants, and a cone-like reproductive structure. Cycads are considered to be living fossils because they have remained relatively unchanged for millions of years and are thought to resemble some of the earliest seed plants. They are found in scattered locations around the world, particularly in the Americas, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Some cycad species are endangered due to habitat loss and overcollection for ornamental purposes.

Ergoloid mesylates are a type of medication that is used to treat symptoms of dementia, particularly in the elderly. They are a combination of several ergot alkaloids, which are derived from a type of fungus called Claviceps purpurea. These alkaloids have been chemically modified to create a preparation that can help improve cognitive function and reduce confusion in people with dementia.

Ergoloid mesylates work by stimulating certain receptors in the brain, which can help improve blood flow and increase the availability of oxygen and nutrients to brain cells. This can help improve mental clarity, memory, and overall cognitive function. The medication can also help reduce agitation and aggression in people with dementia.

Ergoloid mesylates are typically prescribed in low doses and are taken orally, usually several times a day. Common side effects of the medication include dizziness, headache, nausea, and vomiting. In some cases, ergoloid mesylates may interact with other medications, so it is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking before starting this treatment.

It's worth noting that the use of ergoloid mesylates for dementia has been a subject of controversy in recent years, as some studies have suggested that they may not be effective in improving cognitive function or reducing behavioral symptoms. Therefore, it is important to discuss the potential benefits and risks of this medication with your healthcare provider before deciding whether to use it.

Furans are not a medical term, but a class of organic compounds that contain a four-membered ring with four atoms, usually carbon and oxygen. They can be found in some foods and have been used in the production of certain industrial chemicals. Some furan derivatives have been identified as potentially toxic or carcinogenic, but the effects of exposure to these substances depend on various factors such as the level and duration of exposure.

In a medical context, furans may be mentioned in relation to environmental exposures, food safety, or occupational health. For example, some studies have suggested that high levels of exposure to certain furan compounds may increase the risk of liver damage or cancer. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential health effects of these substances.

It's worth noting that furans are not a specific medical condition or diagnosis, but rather a class of chemical compounds with potential health implications. If you have concerns about exposure to furans or other environmental chemicals, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and recommendations.

"Plant preparations" is not a term with a specific medical definition in the field of medicine or pharmacology. However, it is commonly used to refer to various forms of plant material that have been prepared for medicinal use. This can include dried and powdered plant parts, such as leaves, roots, or flowers, as well as extracts or concentrates made from plants. These preparations may be used in traditional medicine or as the basis for modern pharmaceuticals. It is important to note that the safety, effectiveness, and quality of plant preparations can vary widely, and they should only be used under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider.

Gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. The name "gymnosperm" comes from the Greek words "gymnos," meaning naked, and "sperma," meaning seed. This refers to the fact that the seeds of gymnosperms are not enclosed within an ovary or fruit, but are exposed on the surface of modified leaves called cones or strobili.

Gymnosperms are vascular plants, which means they have specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant. They are also heterosporous, meaning that they produce two types of spores: male microspores and female megaspores. The microspores develop into male gametophytes, which produce sperm cells, while the megaspores develop into female gametophytes, which produce egg cells.

Gymnosperms are an important group of plants that have been around for millions of years. They are adapted to a wide range of environments, from temperate forests to deserts and high mountain ranges. Many gymnosperms are evergreen, with needle-like or scale-like leaves that are able to resist drought and cold temperatures.

Conifers, which include trees such as pines, firs, spruces, and redwoods, are the most diverse and widespread group of gymnosperms. They are characterized by their woody cones and needle-shaped leaves. Cycads are another group of gymnosperms that are found in tropical and subtropical regions. They have large, stiff leaves and produce large seeds that are enclosed in a fleshy covering. Ginkgo is a unique gymnosperm that has been around for over 200 million years. It is a deciduous tree with fan-shaped leaves and large, naked seeds.

Gnetophytes are a small group of gymnosperms that include the ephedra, welwitschia, and gnetum. They have unique features such as vessels in their wood and motile sperm cells, which are not found in other gymnosperms.

Overall, gymnosperms are an important group of plants that have adapted to a wide range of environments and play a crucial role in many ecosystems.

Ginkgoopsida, Ginkgoales, Ginkgoaceae, Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) description, The Gymnosperm Database Ginkgo biloba information, ... cranei Extant Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba is a living fossil, with fossils recognisably related to modern ginkgo from the early ... Overconsumption of seeds from Ginkgo biloba can deplete vitamin B6. Since 2016, Ginkgo biloba extract is classified as a ... Wikispecies has information related to Ginkgo biloba. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ginkgo biloba. Scholia has a topic ...
Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as the maidenhair tree, is the last of the division Ginkgophyta and has fossils dating back to ... Ginkgo biloba. Often known as a delisted species, these animals have been moved out of the Rare, Vulnerable, or Endangered ... "Ginkgo". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2020-12-03. "Dwarf cinquefoil". www.biologicaldiversity.org. Retrieved 2021-10-15. "Robbins ...
André van Beek, Teris (2000). Ginkgo biloba. Harwood Academic. p. 548. ISBN 90-5702-488-8. p. 9. "Tianmu Mountain". Retrieved ... the last surviving truly wild population of Ginkgo trees. Prominent among the Japanese cedars is the "Giant Tree King", named ...
28) Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba). North of restaurant. Council planted, 1970 in commemoration of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and ...
Ginkgo biloba does not appear to be effective. The American Academy of Otolaryngology recommends against taking melatonin or ... Hilton, MP; Zimmermann, EF; Hunt, WT (28 March 2013). "Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3 ...
Ginkgo biloba); Japanese laurel (Euonymus japonicus); blue spruce (Picea pungens cv.); dwarf cypress (Chamaecyparis sp./cv.); ...
Ginkgo biloba seeds are crushed and believed under TCM to treat asthma. G. biloba has been used by humans for nearly 5,000 ... Dubey, A. K.; Shankar, P. R.; Upadhyaya, D.; Deshpande, V. Y. (2004). "Ginkgo biloba--an appraisal". Kathmandu University ... However, further scientific studies are needed to establish the efficacy of G. biloba as a medicine. Ginseng root is the most ... "Ginkgo, TCM Basics". Archived from the original on 2011-03-23. Retrieved 2011-03-14. ...
Ginkgo biloba); Plum yew (Cephalotaxus harringtonia); Common columnar hornbeam (Carpinus betulus 'Columnaris'); Large-flowered ... Ginkgo) - over 120 taxa; Lilac (Syringa) - over 160 taxa; False Spiraea (Astilbe) - ca. 90 taxa; Ornamental grasses - over 650 ...
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba); 3. Yulan Magnolia (Magnolia denudata), a Pennsylvania state champion; 4. Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum); ...
Ginkgo biloba belong to Ginkgoaceae. Ginkgo biloba grows slowly and has a very long life span of more than a thousand years. ... There are 10 large ginkgo in the Mountain Putuo. Liquidambar formosana belongs to Hamamelidaceae, deciduous tree. There are 67 ...
The heterokonts generally produce zoids with 2 flagella, while the Ginkgo biloba produce zoids with tens of thousands of ... Ginkgo were originally classified in the Taxaceae, or yew, family. When it was discovered that ginkgo had motile sperm, they ... Ogura, Y. (1967). "History of discovery of spermatozoids in Ginkgo biloba and Cycas revoluta". Phytomorphology. 17: 109-114. ... and Ginkgo biloba. The zoids of each of these groups are large and multi-flagellated. The mature spermatozoids of the fern ...
Selections regarding Ginkgo biloba: 1894a. Fecundation period of Ginkgo biloba. (In Japanese) Bot. Mag., Tokyo 8: 7-9. 1894b. ... Spermatozoid of Ginkgo biloba. (In Japanese) Bot. Mag., Tokyo 10:171. 1896b. On the spermatozoid of Ginkgo. (In Japanese) . Bot ... Etudes sur le Ginkgo biloba (note pröliminaire). Bot. Mag.,Tokyo 9: 239-240. 1895b. Etudes sur la föcondation et l´embryogönie ... Notes on the attraction-spheres in the pollen-cells of Ginkgo biloba. (In Japanese) Bot. Mag., Tokyo 8: 359-60; 361 -364. 1895a ...
Ginkgo biloba is a dioecious plant. Because the females are well known for their foul smelling fruit, the non-fruiting males ... s Urban Forestry Administration failed to suppress the fruiting of thousands of female Ginkgo biloba trees by injecting them ... Fahrenthold, David A. (2008-12-13). "Ginkgo-Lined D.C., Capital of the U.S., and Now P.U." The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 ... However, these city trees were installed before Ginkgo saplings could easily be sexed, so many planted were female. The Urban ...
Ginkgo biloba L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Ligusticum chuanxiong hort, Angelica sinensis, Sea buckthorns, papaya, ...
It also has Ginkgo biloba garden. It is located at an average altitude of 1,150 meters above sea level and spans over an area ...
In other areas the plants are ordered by origin; from Asia can be seen Ginkgo biloba; from Oceania Acacias, Eucalyptus and ...
Ginkgo biloba); 5th tee: blue spruce (Picea pungens), silk tree (Albizzia julibrissen), coastal redwoods; 8th tee: pin oaks ( ...
Ginkgo biloba - the maidenhair tree from China. Ulmus carpinifolia var. variegata or Ulmus minor subsp. minor - the smooth- ...
... is an alkylresorcinol from Ginkgo biloba. Chemically, it is similar in structure to urushiol, the irritant found in ... Bilobol can be found in Ginkgo biloba fruits. Matsumoto, Kazuyuk i; Fujimoto, Masao; Ito, Kazuo; Tanaka, Hitoshi; Hirono, Iwao ...
Ginkgo biloba, considered as a living fossil; Japanese elm - Japanese tertiary era relic. Legally protected species: European ... Coniferous species: White Fir; Eastern Emlock; Douglas Fir; Ginkgo; Giant Sequoia; Siberian Carpet Cypress; Cedar; Larch, Pine ... Far East species (among others): Ginkgo; Dawn Redwood (endangered species); Bhutan Pine; Asunaro; Eucommia ulmoides (near- ...
... biloba. Begović Bego, B.M. (2011). Nature's Miracle Ginkgo biloba, Book 1, Vols. 1-2, pp. 60-61. Zhou, Z.; Quan, C.; Liu, Y-S ( ... Ginkgo cranei is an extinct Ginkgo species in the family Ginkgoaceae described from a series of isolated fossil ovulate organs ... It is the first Ginkgo species to be described from Paleogene period with reproductive structures. Ginkgo cranei is represented ... Both the size and cell structuring is different from the living Ginkgo biloba ovulate organs, which are larger at 30 by 20 ...
November 2016). "Draft genome of the living fossil Ginkgo biloba". GigaScience. 5 (1): 49. doi:10.1186/s13742-016-0154-1. PMC ...
"Ginkgo biloba Extract Increases Ocular Blood Flow Velocity". Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 15 (3): 233-240. ... 2006 Cited by 262 related articles Ginkgo biloba extract increases ocular blood flow velocity; HS Chung, A Harris, JK ...
Kynurenic acid van Beek, Teris A (2002-08-16). "Chemical analysis of Ginkgo biloba leaves and extracts". Journal of ... 6-Hydroxykynurenic acid is a constituent of ginkgo and an amino acid. It is a derivative of kynurenic acid and has similarly ...
However, the female gametophytes of Ginkgo biloba do contain chlorophyll and can produce some of their own energy, though, not ... Friedman, William; Goliber, Thomas (1986). "Photosynthesis in the female gametophyte of Ginkgo biloba". American Journal of ...
Laws, Keith R; Sweetnam, Hilary; Kondel, Tejinder K (November 2012). "Is Ginkgo biloba a cognitive enhancer in healthy ...
1996 - Ginkgo biloba, the last of an illustrious line. The fossil record of the Ginkgoales, with special reference to Gondwana ...
Exotic plants of Ranikhet include Ginkgo biloba and saffron. Ranikhet becomes very cold in the winters and remains moderate in ...
It is extracted from the root bark and leaves of the Ginkgo biloba (ginkyo meaning "silver apricot") tree found native in China ... Stromgaard, K.; Nakanishi, K. (2004). "Chemistry and Biology of Terpene Trilactones from Ginkgo Biloba". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. ... Ginkgolides are biologically active terpenic lactones present in Ginkgo biloba. They are diterpenoids with 20-carbon skeletons ... The class of ginkgolides was first isolated from the tree Ginkgo biloba in 1932. Structural elucidation was accomplished in ...
... fleuryi seedling - note Ginkgo biloba seedling in background. Nageia can be found in the tropical and subtropical moist ...
Ginkgoopsida, Ginkgoales, Ginkgoaceae, Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) description, The Gymnosperm Database Ginkgo biloba information, ... cranei Extant Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba is a living fossil, with fossils recognisably related to modern ginkgo from the early ... Overconsumption of seeds from Ginkgo biloba can deplete vitamin B6. Since 2016, Ginkgo biloba extract is classified as a ... Wikispecies has information related to Ginkgo biloba. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ginkgo biloba. Scholia has a topic ...
Learn about the usage, dosage, side-effects of Ginkgo Biloba. ... Ginkgo Biloba is an herbal remedy for treating alzheimers ... Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is one of the oldest living tree species and its leaves are among the most extensively studied ... Ginkgo and Cylosporine. Ginkgo biloba may be beneficial during treatment with cyclosporine because of its ability to protect ... Ginkgo and Anticonvulsant medications. High doses of Ginkgo biloba could decrease the effectiveness of anticonvulsant therapy ...
A standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves is a well defined product and contains approximately 24% flavone glycosides (p … ... is a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and has antioxidant properties as a free radical scavenger. ... EGb 761 [Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761, Rökan, Tanakan, Tebonin] is a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and has ... EGb 761: ginkgo biloba extract, Ginkor Drugs R D. 2003;4(3):188-93. doi: 10.2165/00126839-200304030-00009. ...
... information on Ginkgo biloba maidenhair tree Conifers from the RHS ... Ginkgo biloba. maidenhair tree. A deciduous tree to 25m, conical when young, becoming more irregular with age. Leaves to 12cm ... Ginkgo are large deciduous trees, developing an irregular, spreading crown with age, fan-shaped, 2-lobed leaves, and on female ...
Testing Status of Ginkgo biloba extract M990050. Testing Status of Ginkgo biloba extract M990050. CASRN: 90045-36-6. Related: ... Systemic exposure to Ginkgo biloba extract in male F344/NCrl rats: Relevance to humans. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Sep;131:110586 ... Dose: Ginkgo Biloba Extract (Lot 1-5) 0, 3, 30, 100, 300, or 1000 mg/kg; 6 males/group. ... Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (CASRN 90045-36-6) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1/N Mice (Gavage ...
Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract 50:1 (Equivalent to 3,000 mg whole leaf). 60 mg. * ... Paradise Ginkgo is a True Full Spectrum 50:1 potent concentration providing active levels of ginkgoflavoneglycosides and ... Ginkgo contains powerful antioxidant flavonoids and supports normal concentration, memory and circulation. new research ...
Eight healthy female volunteers received Ginkgo biloba extract (G.B.E.) 120, 240, 600 mg and placebo according to a randomized ... The psychopharmacological effects of Ginkgo biloba extract in normal healthy volunteers Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1984;4(2):89- ... Eight healthy female volunteers received Ginkgo biloba extract (G.B.E.) 120, 240, 600 mg and placebo according to a randomized ...
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.. ...
Only three quarters of Ginkgo Biloba supplements contain proper ingredients. ConsumerLab.com posts first of its dietary ... WHITE PLAINS, NY, November 16, 1999 - Consumers have a one out of four chance of buying a Ginkgo Biloba product that may not ... To assess the quality of Ginkgo products on the market, ConsumerLab.com purchased 30 Gingko Biloba products in August at retail ... There is no government monitoring of the manufacture of Ginkgo Biloba or other dietary supplements, and there have been reports ...
Ginkgo biloba TROLL Ginkgo biloba TROLL. dwarf maidenhair tree. SIZE/TYPE. low or groundcovering. ...
... Chinese Medicinal Herb Bonsai & Trees. Unique foliage which is fan shaped and leathery with ...
Ginkgo Biloba Extract. Available forms, composition and doses of Medtakan:. *Tablets, Film-Coated; Oral; Ginkgo Biloba Extract ...
Store Ginkgo biloba in room temperature, in a cool, dry place away from light. ... Ginkgo Biloba - Handling. How should I handle Ginkgo Biloba safely?. Ginkgo Biloba - Storage. How should I store Ginkgo Biloba ...
Read customer reviews and ratings for Ginkgo Biloba-120 plus Ginseng-200 - 30 Capsules. Shop online at HSN.com for exclusive ... I had been researching natural products that help with everyday stress and Ginkgo Biloba and Ginseng offered everything I was ... I bought this product for the circulatory benefits of ginkgo biloba, as well as the general overall health benefits of Asian ... GINKGO PLUS GINSENG WORKS VERY WELL FOR MEMORY, CONCENTRATION EVEN ENERGY, AND BECAUSE ITS PRO CAPS-MR ANDREW LESSMANS WE KNOW ...
Rust Edged Green Ginkgo Biloba Leaf. Free Stock Photo. Free for private and commercial use ... Rust Edged Green Ginkgo Biloba Leaf. Rusty edged green ginkco biloba leaves ... leaves green changing discolouration yellow rust edging autumn season ginkgo biloba tree ... Lynn Greyling has released this "Rust Edged Green Ginkgo Biloba Leaf" image under Public Domain license. It means that you can ...
Buy from a wide range of Ginkgo Biloba Extract online. ... Ginkgo Biloba Extract. Who are the top ginkgo biloba extract ... Find Ginkgo Biloba Extract manufacturers, suppliers, dealers & latest prices from top companies in India. ... Herbal Medicinal Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Dried Powder. 1700. Ambe Ns Agro Products Pvt. Ltd.. INR. Herbal Ginkgo Biloba Extract ... How many trusted sellers are available for ginkgo biloba extract?+. There are nineteen trusted sellers of ginkgo biloba extract ...
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NOW Ginkgo Biloba is grown and extracted under the highest quality tandards and is standardized to 24% ginkgoflavonglycosides ... Decrease quantity for Now Ginkgo Biloba Increase quantity for Now Ginkgo Biloba ... Our Ginkgo Biloba Extract is the finest quality available worldwide. Scientific research has demonstrated that Ginkgo Biloba ... Ginkgo Powder (Ginkgo biloba) (Leaf) 200mg. Other Ingredients: Hypromellose (cellulose capsule) and Magnesium Stearate ( ...
Ginkgo biloba. Fossil tree; Kew tree; Maiden hair tree. Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is one of the oldest living tree species. It is ... Snitz BE, et al; Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators. Ginkgo biloba for preventing cognitive decline in older ... Zhang L, Mao W, Guo X, Wu Y, Li C, Lu Z, Su G, Li X, Liu Z, Guo R, Jie X, Wen Z, Liu X. Ginkgo biloba Extract for Patients with ... Ginkgo biloba is the oldest living tree species. A single tree can live as long as 1,000 years and grow to a height of 120 feet ...
Ginkgo Biloba (120mg) information including description from Now, supplement facts, and suggested use. Order online for quick ... Ginkgo Biloba (120mg) Overview Ginkgo Biloba extracts may be a dime-a-dozen but NOW Foods Ginkgo Biloba really stands out from ... Ginkgo Biloba (120mg) Description from Now Our Ginkgo biloba extract is the finest quality available worldwide. Scientific ... Ginkgo Extract (Ginkgo biloba) (Leaf) (50:1 Standardized Extract, min. 24% Ginkgoflavonglycosides. 120mg. †. ...
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Hindmarch, I. (1986) Activite de lextrait de Ginkgo biloba sure la memoire a court terme/ Activity of Ginkgo Biloba extract on ... Ginkgo biloba is one of the worlds oldest living tree species. It is considered a sacred tree in China, and has been used in ... Brown, D. (1992) Ginkgo Biloba-Old and New: Part I. Lets Live 60(4): 46. Chung, K. F. et al. (1987) Effect of a ginkgolide ... Studies to date are very encouraging, and show that about 80% of SSRI patients show a positive response to Ginkgo biloba ...
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Learn the benefits of ginkgo biloba and potential side effects too. ... What does ginkgo biloba help with? What is maidenhair tree? ... What is Ginkgo Biloba?. The ginkgo tree gave the dinosaurs a ... What is the Ginkgo Biloba Dosage for Adults?. Research shows that ginkgo biloba may benefit different wellness needs based on ... What are the Potential Side Effects of Ginkgo Biloba?. While the ginkgo seed is not safe to ingest, the ginkgo leaf is safe to ...
Ginkgo biloba for intermittent claudication. Nicolaï SPA, Kruidenier LM, Bendermacher BLW, Prins MH, Teijink JAW. Ginkgo biloba ... Overall, the authors concluded there is no evidence that Ginkgo biloba has a clinically significant benefit for patients with ... Ginkgo biloba for intermittent claudication Cochrane Systematic Reviews. ... Ginkgo biloba is a vasoactive agent and is used to treat IC. ...
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Ginkgo Biloba (Powder) Leaf 400 mg. Ginkgo Biloba (50:1, 3125 mg DHE*) Leaf. (Standardized to min. 24% Flavone Glycosides & 6% ... "GINKGO BILOBA","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":1300,"weight":0,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_ ... "GINKGO BILOBA","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":1300,"weight":0,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_ ...
  • Unlike many other medicinal herbs, ginkgo leaves are not frequently used in their crude state, but rather, in the form of a concentrated, standardized ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). (healthyplace.com)
  • Although Chinese herbal medicine has used both the ginkgo leaf and seed for thousands of years, modern research has focused on the standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) made from the dried green leaves. (limamemorial.org)
  • I bought this product for the circulatory benefits of ginkgo biloba, as well as the general overall health benefits of Asian ginseng. (hsn.com)
  • One of the lesser-known benefits of ginkgo biloba is its immune-supporting properties. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • What are the Benefits of Ginkgo Biloba 12,000? (euyansang.com)
  • Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko (/ˈɡɪŋkoʊ, ˈɡɪŋkɡoʊ/ GINK-oh, -⁠goh), also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of gymnosperm tree native to East Asia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also known as the ginkgo biloba tree or maidenhair tree, it has no botanical relatives and was even thought to be extinct up until the 1600s when it was found in Japan in monasteries and temple gardens of Buddhist monks. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • An in vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450 inhibition and P-glycoprotein interaction with goldenseal, Ginkgo biloba, grape seed, milk thistle, and ginseng extracts and their constituents. (nih.gov)
  • Ginkgo Biloba extracts may be a dime-a-dozen but NOW Foods Ginkgo Biloba really stands out from the generics and drugstore brands. (allstarhealth.com)
  • This resilience has made ginkgo biloba a wellness staple by using the ginkgo leaf to form an extract that can be found in capsules , liquid extracts and teas . (swansonvitamins.com)
  • The Ginkgo tree has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for over 4,000 years.The German Commission E 'approves' Ginkgo Biloba extracts for effective therapy in cases of memory deficits,depression,impaired concentration,dizziness, tinnitus or migraine. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Products made from standardized ginkgo leaf extracts appear to be safe when used as directed. (cdc.gov)
  • Whether you're looking for Ginkgo Biloba Extract, Ginkgo biloba extract, Grape Seed Capsules etc, you can explore and find the best products from Tradeindia. (tradeindia.com)
  • Buy Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg 100 Capsules & other Ginkgo Biloba Supplements. (puritan.com)
  • The Ginkgo Biloba, Grape Seed and Wisconsin Ginseng dietary supplement is available in a 1-month quantity supply of 60 capsules. (wisconsinmade.com)
  • A standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves is a well defined product and contains approximately 24% flavone glycosides (primarily quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and 6% terpene lactones (2.8-3.4% ginkgolides A, B and C, and 2.6-3.2% bilobalide). (nih.gov)
  • The Ginkgo extract used in Double-Potency Ginkgo Biloba is standardized to contain 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones for optimum potency. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba is made up of ginkgo flavone glycosides, several terpene molecules unique to Ginkgo Biloba (ginkgolides and bilobalide) and organic acids.The therapeutic benefits of GBE rely primarily on two groups of active components : the ginkgo flavone glycosides and the terpene lactones. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • The standard dosage of Ginkgo Biloba is 40 to 80 mg 3 times daily of a 50 : 1 extract standardized to contain 24% ginkgo-flavone glycosides. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • The extraction yields 24% ginkgo flavone glycosides and 6% terpenes (the key constituents) from a 50-to-1 concentration. (vitanetonline.com)
  • Paradise Ginkgo is a True Full Spectrum 50:1 potent concentration providing active levels of ginkgoflavoneglycosides and terpene lactones (quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, ginkgolide C, ginkgolide J). It is naturally extracted without the use of toxic solvents, harsh chemicals or fractionizing gases to ensure all active and synergistic constituents are present in the balanced ratio nature intended. (vitacost.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba Leaf - 12,000mg (containing 240mg of Ginkgo Biloba extract standardised to contain 24% Ginkgo flavonoglycosides and 6% Terpene Lactones). (euyansang.com)
  • Ginkgo leaves also contain two types of chemicals (flavonoids and terpenoids) believed to have potent antioxidant properties. (healthyplace.com)
  • The reason that ginkgo is thought to be helpful for preventing or treating these brain disorders is because it improves blood flow in the brain and because of its antioxidant properties. (healthyplace.com)
  • EGb 761 [Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761, Rökan, Tanakan, Tebonin] is a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and has antioxidant properties as a free radical scavenger. (nih.gov)
  • Ginkgo also benefits vascular microcirculation by improving blood flow in small vessels and has antioxidant activity. (nih.gov)
  • Ginkgo contains powerful antioxidant flavonoids and supports normal concentration, memory and circulation. (vitacost.com)
  • Scientific research has demonstrated that Ginkgo Biloba Extract has antioxidant activity in in vitro studies. (a1supplements.com)
  • Ginkgo extract, from Ginkgo biloba tree leaves, has long been used as an antioxidant and circulatory stimulant, as well as to improve brain function, memory, and blood circulation. (lifestylemarkets.com)
  • Expanding on the antioxidant effects of Ginkgo, this formula includes Turmeric root extract and Resveratrol. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Kaiser Farms has combined three antioxidant (Ginkgo Biloba, Grape Seed and Wisconsin Ginseng) in capsule form as a dietary supplement to energize body and mind. (wisconsinmade.com)
  • Because it's from purity and potency fanatics NOW Foods, with this Ginkgo extract there's no question that you're getting the best possible product made from the best possible raw materials. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Gingko Biloba is one of the most widely used and best characterized herbal supplements. (consumerlab.com)
  • To assess the quality of Ginkgo products on the market, ConsumerLab.com purchased 30 Gingko Biloba products in August at retail stores, online, and through direct and multi-level marketing companies. (consumerlab.com)
  • Federal health authorities in Germany have declared GBE (Gingko biloba extract ) to be an effective treatment for cerebral circulatory disturbances resulting in reduced functional capacity and vigilance. (rxmed.com)
  • One of the better-known uses for gingko biloba is its brain-boosting capabilities. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Gingko biloba has been used for hundreds of years to treat various disorders such as asthma, vertigo, fatigue and, tinnitus or circulatory problems. (molvis.org)
  • Gingko biloba has existed for over 250 million years and is indigenous to Korea, Japan, and China, but can be found worldwide. (molvis.org)
  • Other Ingredients: Ginkgo leaf extract, capsule (vegetable material). (vitacost.com)
  • Only three quarters of Ginkgo Biloba supplements contain proper ingredients. (consumerlab.com)
  • WHITE PLAINS, NY, November 16, 1999 - Consumers have a one out of four chance of buying a Ginkgo Biloba product that may not deliver the ingredients they are seeking. (consumerlab.com)
  • There is no government monitoring of the manufacture of Ginkgo Biloba or other dietary supplements, and there have been reports of dietary supplements not containing their stated ingredients. (consumerlab.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba is one of nature's best ingredients for the brain. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Because ginkgo is reputed to improve blood flow, this herb has been studied in people with intermittent claudication (pain caused by inadequate blood flow [atherosclerosis] to the legs). (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo is widely touted as a "brain herb" and is commonly added to nutrition bars and fruit smoothies to boost memory and enhance cognitive performance. (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo is widely touted as a "brain herb. (limamemorial.org)
  • You'll also get the support of the adaptogenic anti-stress herb Eleuthero as well as Gotu kola, which complements ginkgo by acting as a co-factor for improving circulation in the brain. (allstarhealth.com)
  • The most well-established herbal treatment for Alzheimer's disease and,indeed, one of the few herbs that probably deserves the description 'proven effective', is the ancient herb Ginkgo Biloba (Bratman et al. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Today,Ginkgo Biloba is the most widely prescribed herb in Germany, reaching a total prescription count of over 6 million in 1995 (Schulz et al. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • An analysis of eight published studies revealed that people taking ginkgo tend to walk roughly 34 meters farther than those taking placebo. (healthyplace.com)
  • Studies suggest that ginkgo may help preserve vision in those with ARMD. (healthyplace.com)
  • Laboratory studies have shown that ginkgo improves blood circulation by opening up blood vessels and making blood less sticky. (limamemorial.org)
  • Studies have shown that ginkgo biloba can support heart health . (swansonvitamins.com)
  • The contents of these products were tested against international standards for the quality and concentration of clinically tested Ginkgo Biloba. (consumerlab.com)
  • In addition, patients with arterial disease of the lower limbs who receive Ginkgo extract have shown a clinically and statistically significant improvement in pain-free walking distance, maximum walking distance and in circulation measurements. (rxmed.com)
  • Overall, the authors concluded there is no evidence that Ginkgo biloba has a clinically significant benefit for patients with peripheral arterial disease. (menopause.org.au)
  • Flora's Ginkgo Biloba is manufactured at world-class European facilities in Italy, and is clinically supported with safety, toxicity, and efficacy data. (lifestylemarkets.com)
  • Researchers recently reviewed all of the high-quality published studies on ginkgo and mild memory impairment (in other words, people without Alzheimer's or other form of dementia), and concluded that ginkgo was significantly more effective than placebo in enhancing memory and cognitive function. (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba helps support cognitive function and mental focus, as well as circulation to the extremities, including the brain. (puritan.com)
  • It was accidentally noted that a patient taking SSRI medication experienced improvement in sexual function when he began taking Ginkgo to improve cognitive function. (rxmed.com)
  • Studies show that Ginkgo extract can improve cognitive function and enhance memory in healthy individuals, as well as support blood flow to the brain. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Ginkgo leaf extract is commonly used as a dietary supplement, but there is no scientific evidence that it supports human health or is effective against any disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies have tested ginkgo biloba for emotional wellbeing at 80 mg to 160 mg of a ginkgo leaf extract three times a day for 4 weeks. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Research has suggested 60 to 480 mg per day of ginkgo leaf extract in 2 or 3 doses for up to 1 year for dosage, or 120 mg to 240 mg a day. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Second bottle Ginkgo and Ginseng! (hsn.com)
  • I had been researching natural products that help with everyday stress and Ginkgo Biloba and Ginseng offered everything I was looking for. (hsn.com)
  • American ginseng and ginkgo biloba both increase anticoagulation. (medscape.com)
  • One recent study also found that ginkgo may be as effective as leading AD medications in delaying the symptoms of dementia in people with this debilitating condition. (healthyplace.com)
  • Several studies have found that ginkgo may work as well as some prescription Alzheimer disease medications to delay the symptoms of dementia. (limamemorial.org)
  • In 2008, a well-designed study with more than 3,000 elderly people found that ginkgo was no better than placebo in preventing dementia or Alzheimer disease. (limamemorial.org)
  • Some studies have found that ginkgo helps improve memory and thinking in young and middle-aged people who are healthy. (limamemorial.org)
  • Ginkgo leaves contain flavonoids and terpenoids, which are both antioxidants. (limamemorial.org)
  • 6 Ginkgo contains terpenoids, organic compounds that promote blood circulation by dilating blood vessels. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba dilates blood vessels, increasing blood flow to the brain, therefore keeping brain cells properly fed with nutrients and oxygen. (lifestylemarkets.com)
  • There has been conflicting evidence about the benefits of ginkgo, e.g. the ginkgo clinical trial published in August 2002 in JAMA concluded that a leading ginkgo supplement did not produce measurable benefits for memory in healthy adults over 60, although a month earlier, another study concluded that the same ginkgo extract is effective in helping normal healthy older adults in memory and concentration. (nih.gov)
  • Ginkgo Biloba helps improve memory and concentration. (wisconsinmade.com)
  • Ginkgo-24 is a standardized concentration of prime quality Ginkgo biloba leaves. (vitanetonline.com)
  • Ginkgo biloba is quite popular among those who are experiencing poor memory and concentration. (munchkinpress.com)
  • Antioxidants such as those found in ginkgo can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help prevent some of the damage they cause. (healthyplace.com)
  • Antioxidants like those found in ginkgo fight off free radicals, and stop them from damaging DNA and other cells. (limamemorial.org)
  • Ginkgo is packed with antioxidants and flavonoids , which helps the body get rid of toxins. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Ginkgo biloba is rich in antioxidants that can help deal with the complications of excessive stress. (munchkinpress.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba is an herbal remedy for treating alzheimer's disease and dementia, memory problems and depression. (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo is widely used in Europe for treating dementia. (healthyplace.com)
  • In addition, ginkgo is sometimes used preventively because it may delay the onset of AD in someone who is at risk for this type of dementia (for example, family history). (healthyplace.com)
  • However, in December 2002, the Cochrane Collaboration, the world's most respected scientific reviewer of clinical trials in medicine, concluded that the published literature strongly supports the safety and potential benefits of ginkgo in treating memory loss and cognitive disorders associated with age- related dementia. (nih.gov)
  • Although not all studies agree, ginkgo may help treat dementia (including Alzheimer disease) and intermittent claudication, or poor circulation in the legs. (limamemorial.org)
  • Several studies show that ginkgo has a positive effect on memory and thinking in people with Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia. (limamemorial.org)
  • The resulting analysis concluded that the reviewed research was on par with research conducted on traditional psychoactive medications for treatment of dementia and that Ginkgo Biloba extract is effective in reducing all symptoms of cerebral insufficiency, including impaired mental function and memory loss. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is one of the oldest living tree species and its leaves are among the most extensively studied botanicals in use today. (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo ( Ginkgo biloba ) is one of the oldest living tree species. (limamemorial.org)
  • Ginkgo biloba is the oldest living tree species. (limamemorial.org)
  • The ginkgo tree gave the dinosaurs a run for their money and is now considered a "living fossil," dating all the way back to the Jurassic period. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Ginkgo biloba L. can date back to 300 million years ago and is considered a living fossil. (novapublishers.com)
  • Ginkgo has been used in traditional medicine to treat circulatory disorders and enhance memory. (healthyplace.com)
  • While ginkgo biloba is better known for improving brain function, it's hard to ignore these circulatory benefits for heart health. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • The objective of this review is to provide a scientific opinion on the indications for Ginkgo biloba as an adjuvant therapy for normal tension glaucoma patients and for high tension glaucoma patients progressing despite a normalized IOP. (molvis.org)
  • Because ginkgo improves blood flow, it has been studied in people with intermittent claudication, or pain caused by reduced blood flow to the legs. (limamemorial.org)
  • Systemic exposure to Ginkgo biloba extract in male F344/NCrl rats: Relevance to humans. (nih.gov)
  • Although many of the clinical trials have been scientifically flawed, the evidence that ginkgo may improve thinking, learning, and memory in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been highly promising. (healthyplace.com)
  • Ginkgo used in clinical trials has generally been shown to contain specific amounts of several plant chemicals associated with its activity. (consumerlab.com)
  • A recent meta-analysis,published in the British Journal of Pharmacology, analyzed the quality of research conducted in over 40 clinical studies investigating Ginkgo Biloba extract in the treatment of cerebral insufficiency. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • By inhibiting PAF, ginkgo blocks all these effects, and therefore reduces clotting, bronchospasm and other allergic responses. (rxmed.com)
  • Plant for a Future warns not to eat if allergic to ginkgo, cashew or poison ivy and recommends roasting the seeds first to avoid any possible toxicity. (melindamyers.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba extract is, very rarely, associated with allergic skin reactions and migraines. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Ginkgo is incredibly resilient, can live to be 3,000 years old and has even survived atomic bomb explosions. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Ginkgo extract is known to be an excellent free-radical scavenger in the body. (allstarhealth.com)
  • Sexual function benefits: Ginkgo has also been found to improve sexual dysfunction caused by SSRI medications such as Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, and Zoloft. (rxmed.com)
  • Studies to date are very encouraging, and show that about 80% of SSRI patients show a positive response to Ginkgo biloba extract. (rxmed.com)
  • Antidepressant drugs,especially SSRI : Ginkgo might remedy sexual side effects. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Ginkgo branches grow in length by growth of shoots with regularly spaced leaves, as seen on most trees. (wikipedia.org)
  • In ginkgos, as in other plants that possess them, short shoots allow the formation of new leaves in the older parts of the crown. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a dietary supplement, Nature's Way in the US distributes and markets a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves (the EGb 761 Formula) under the name Gingold Nature's Way. (nih.gov)
  • The only way to receive the benefits of ginkgo is to get them from the leaves' extract. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • This Ginkgo cultivar has cupped, upright, diminutive leaves that grow densely on closely-spaced branches. (dancingoaks.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba supports memory, especially mild memory problems associated with aging. (puritan.com)
  • Ginkgo helps support memory, especially occasional mild memory problems associated with aging. (puritan.com)
  • Ginkgo has a long history of use in treating blood disorders and memory issues. (limamemorial.org)
  • It is not as clear whether ginkgo helps memory in healthy people who have normal, age-related memory loss. (limamemorial.org)
  • Good for your memory and beautiful in the landscape, consider planting a ginkgo tree for years of enjoyment. (melindamyers.com)
  • The psychological and physiological benefits of ginkgo are said to be based on its primary action of regulating neurotransmitters and exerting neuroprotective effects in the brain, protecting against or retarding nerve cell degeneration. (nih.gov)
  • From brain boosts to mood support, heart benefits and more-you better beleaf ginkgo can lend a limb to your wellness routine. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Give your brain some love, with Ginkgo Biloba. (lifestylemarkets.com)
  • One of the leading adaptogenic herbs around, according to holistic healers and scientists alike, is Ginkgo Biloba. (munchkinpress.com)
  • This is when the importance of taking adaptogenic herbs, such as ginkgo Biloba, comes in. (munchkinpress.com)
  • You might remember hearing a lot about the popular herbal supplement, Ginkgo Biloba, so here's your chance to give it a try at a great price. (puritan.com)
  • Fossils very similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Ginkgo, extend back to the Middle Jurassic epoch approximately 170 million years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ginkgo seeds and fruit pulp are toxic if ingested. (rxmed.com)
  • One small study found that people with glaucoma who took 120 mg of ginkgo daily for 8 weeks had improvements in their vision. (limamemorial.org)
  • An analysis of 8 studies showed that people taking ginkgo tended to walk about 34 meters farther than those taking placebo. (limamemorial.org)
  • In numerous research studies involving geriatric patients,remarkable success has been demonstrated using Ginkgo Biloba Extract (GBE) to treat cerebral insufficiency. (chisuk.org.uk)
  • Studies of Ginkgo biloba for preventing altitude illness are inadequate to justify recommendations about its use. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, studies by the National Toxicology Program showed that rodents developed liver and thyroid tumors after being given a ginkgo extract for up to 2 years. (cdc.gov)
  • Ginkgos are large trees, normally reaching a height of 20-35 m (66-115 ft), with some specimens in China being over 50 m (165 ft). (wikipedia.org)
  • Ginkgos are tough, hardy trees and are sometimes planted along urban streets in the United States. (limamemorial.org)
  • Those with female ginkgo trees in their community may want to try harvesting and roasting a few. (melindamyers.com)
  • Ginkgo Biloba (traceable back 300 million years) is the oldest surviving species of tree. (chisuk.org.uk)