Granuloma Annulare
Necrobiosis Lipoidica
Granuloma
Subcutaneous Tissue
Histiocytes
Scalp
Enhanced expression of human metalloelastase (MMP-12) in cutaneous granulomas and macrophage migration. (1/34)
Accumulation of inflammatory cells such as macrophages may lead to degeneration of connective tissue matrix in various skin diseases. Macrophage metalloelastase, is a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-12) capable of degrading elastin as well as various basement membrane components. To investigate the role of human macrophage metalloelastase in skin, we assessed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry 66 specimens representing skin diseases characterized either by changes in elastic fibers or by pronounced infiltrations of extravasating and migrating macrophages. CD68 immunostaining was performed to identify the human macrophage metalloelastase-positive cells and Weigert's Resorcin-Fuchsin staining to reveal the status of elastic fibers. We found abundant expression of human macrophage metalloelastase mRNA in macrophages in areas devoid of normal elastic fibers in granulomatous skin diseases sarcoidosis, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and granuloma annulare. Positive cells for human macrophage metalloelastase protein could be detected in the same regions as well as positive immunostaining for urokinase plasminogen activator. Of the other matrix metalloproteinases capable of degrading elastin, 92 kDa gelatinase colocalized with human macrophage metalloelastase, while 72 kDa gelatinase was produced by surrounding fibroblast-like cells. Furthermore, human macrophage metalloelastase was expressed by macrophages in areas with disrupted basement membrane, as assessed by type IV collagen staining, in pityriasis lichenoides and dermatitis herpetiformis. Specimens of anetoderma, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and pseudoxanthoma elasticum showed no signal for human macrophage metalloelastase. Matrilysin was not detected in any of the samples investigated. Our study suggests that human macrophage metalloelastase may contribute to elastin degradation occurring in granulomatous skin diseases and may aid macrophage migration through the epidermal and vascular basement membranes in inflammatory disorders. (+info)Penile granuloma annulare. (2/34)
A case of granuloma annulare (GA) localised to the shaft of the penis is reported with a brief review of the current literature. We concluded that penile GA, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous lesions of the penis and that histopathological examination of the lesion is essential for the diagnosis. (+info)Papulonecrotic tuberculide and stenosis of the abdominal aorta. (3/34)
Papulonecrotic tuberculide (PNT) is a rare form of skin tuberculosis affecting predominantly young adults, with a history of immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We report a case of a young Caucasian female with PNT who was also documented to have a stenotic segment in the abdominal aorta. The difficulty in clarifying and treating the primary disease and the association between a tuberculous infection and Takayasu's arteritis are discussed. (+info)Subcutaneous granuloma annulare of the extremities in children. (4/34)
OBJECTIVE: To familiarize surgeons to the natural history and treatment of granuloma annulare of the extremities in children. DESIGN: Case review and follow-up by appointment and questionnaire. SETTING: The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, a tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven children (23 girls, 4 boys) seen between 1983 and 1998 with subcutaneous granuloma annulare, proven pathologically. The mean age at initial presentation was 8.3 years (range from 1.8 years to 16.7 years). The mean follow-up was 45 weeks (range from 1 week to 5 years). INTERVENTION: Biopsy excision of the lesions. OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence multiple lesions, the commonest site of occurrence and the incidence of recurrence. RESULTS: Six children presented with multiple lesions for a total of 46 lesions. The anterior pretibial area was the most frequently affected site (16 lesions), followed by the ankle (6 lesions) and the long finger (4 lesions). Five patients suffered recurrence of the lesion, with a total of 7 lesions recurring. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory skin lesion occurring most frequently in the anterior pretibial area in children, predominantly girls. The incidence of recurrence and of multiple lesions is high. Biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis. The lesion resolves spontaneously without treatment. (+info)Treatment of disseminated granuloma annulare with fumaric acid esters. (5/34)
BACKGROUND: Granuloma annulare is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Various therapies have been tried in disseminated granuloma annulare (DGA), including corticosteroids, several variants of psoralen plus ultraviolet-A radiation, ultraviolet- A1 radiation, systemic retinoids, and dapsone, with variable success. We report a patient with recalcitrant DGA who was treated with fumaric acid esters (FAE). CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year old Caucasian woman presented with a 25-year history of recalcitrant DGA. On both legs and the abdomen there were erythematous annular plaques. She was treated with FAE in tablet form using two formulations differing in strength (low strength tablets: 30 mg dimethylfumarate, 67 mg monoethylfumarate Ca salt, 5 mg monoethylfumarate Mg salt, 3 mg monoethylfumarate Zn salt; high strength tablets: 120 mg dimethylfumarate, 87 mg monoethylfumarate Ca salt, 5 mg monoethylfumarate Mg salt, 3 mg monoethylfumarate Zn salt). After three-month therapy, an almost complete clearance of skin lesions was achieved. With the exception of temporary lymphopenia, no adverse effects were observed. The patient remained in remission during a six-month follow up period. CONCLUSIONS: Our observation has demonstrated that FAE is a potentially beneficial therapeutic option for patients with recalcitrant DGA. However controlled trials are necessary to fully explore the efficacy, optimal dosage, and safety of FAE in the management of DGA. (+info)T-cell receptor repertoire and cytokine pattern in granuloma annulare: defining a particular type of cutaneous granulomatous inflammation. (6/34)
Granuloma annulare is a common granulomatous infiltration of the skin of unknown etiopathogenesis. We analyzed granuloma annulare biopsies in 11 patients and could find in all patients significant numbers of CD4-T cells. These cells showed a broad usage of the different T cell receptor Vbeta families and a rather unbiased repertoire when the complementary determining region 3 spectra were analyzed by the Immunoscope technique. Comparison with the peripheral blood mononuclear cell repertoire, however, identified in all patients few skin-specific expansions, which were for one patient also present in two distinct skin sites. Extensive sequence analysis of the complementary determining region 3 region confirmed the presence of a limited number of skin-specific expansions together with various nonspecific T cell infiltrations. Analysis of the intralesional cytokine expression revealed abundant production of interleukin-2, which was not dominant in granulomas from leprosy patients and was not reflected by the cytokine profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results demonstrate the capacity of the granulomatous response to recruit T cells in high numbers with only few clones expanding specifically. The high local production of interleukin-2 might thereby play an important role in the nonspecific attraction of T cells to the granulomatous site. (+info)Is granuloma annulare related to intermediate uveitis with retinal vasculitis? (7/34)
AIM: To report on eight patients with severe idiopathic intermediate uveitis (IU) and granuloma annulare (GA), a self limiting cutaneous condition of unknown aetiology. METHODS: Retrospective case series. Clinical ophthalmic and dermatological data were studied and fluorescein angiography and skin biopsies were reviewed. RESULTS: All patients with idiopathic IU had similar ocular features (eight with vitritis, seven with retinal vasculitis) and developed complications such as cystoid macular oedema (n=5), cataract (n=4), and glaucoma (n=3). Systemic diseases were not found, but a localised type of GA was observed in all. CONCLUSION: Seven out of eight patients with IU and GA developed severe retinal vasculitis. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of this association, a common pathogenesis, and its eventual clinical consequences. (+info)Granuloma annulare of the penis. (8/34)
Granuloma annulare is an uncommon skin condition, most often found on the extremities of young females. A case of granuloma annulare occurring on the penis of a 61 year old man is reported and the current literature associating granuloma annulare and conditions likely to present to genitourinary clinics is reviewed. (+info)Granuloma annulare is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by the formation of small, red or flesh-colored bumps that form rings or arcs. These lesions are usually found on the hands and feet but can occur anywhere on the body. The exact cause of granuloma annulare is unknown, but it may be associated with triggers such as insect bites, viral infections, sun exposure, or certain medications.
Histologically, granuloma annulare is characterized by a specific type of inflammatory cell infiltrate, consisting of histiocytes (a type of white blood cell) arranged in palisades around the edges of small collections of mucin (a glycoprotein). This distinctive pattern helps to differentiate granuloma annulare from other skin conditions.
Granuloma annulare is generally a benign condition that does not cause any symptoms or complications, although some people may experience itching or discomfort in the affected areas. In most cases, the lesions will resolve on their own within a few months to two years, although they can recur in some individuals. Treatment options for granuloma annulare include topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, and intralesional steroid injections, although observation is also a reasonable approach in many cases.
Dermatologic agents are medications, chemicals, or other substances that are applied to the skin (dermis) for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes. They can be used to treat various skin conditions such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections, and wounds. Dermatologic agents include topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, antifungals, retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and many others. They can come in various forms such as creams, ointments, gels, lotions, solutions, and patches. It is important to follow the instructions for use carefully to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare skin condition characterized by the formation of well-circumscribed, yellowish or brownish, slightly depressed plaques with a rolled border, often occurring on the shins. The lesions may be asymptomatic or tender and can ulcerate.
Histologically, it is marked by granulomatous inflammation with degeneration of collagen in the dermis (necrobiosis) and an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages (lipoidosis). The exact cause of necrobiosis lipoidica is unknown, but it is often associated with diabetes mellitus. It primarily affects middle-aged women and can precede the diagnosis of diabetes. Treatment options include corticosteroids, immunomodulatory agents, and phototherapy, but the condition can be resistant to treatment and may require long-term management.
A granuloma is a small, nodular inflammatory lesion that occurs in various tissues in response to chronic infection, foreign body reaction, or autoimmune conditions. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of epithelioid macrophages, which are specialized immune cells with enlarged nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, often arranged in a palisading pattern around a central area containing necrotic debris, microorganisms, or foreign material.
Granulomas can be found in various medical conditions such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, fungal infections, and certain autoimmune disorders like Crohn's disease. The formation of granulomas is a complex process involving both innate and adaptive immune responses, which aim to contain and eliminate the offending agent while minimizing tissue damage.
Penile diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the penis, including infections, inflammatory conditions, and structural abnormalities. Some common penile diseases include:
1. Balanitis: an infection or inflammation of the foreskin and/or head of the penis.
2. Balanoposthitis: an infection or inflammation of both the foreskin and the head of the penis.
3. Phimosis: a condition in which the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the head of the penis.
4. Paraphimosis: a medical emergency in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the head of the penis and cannot be returned to its normal position.
5. Peyronie's disease: a condition characterized by the development of scar tissue inside the penis, leading to curvature during erections.
6. Erectile dysfunction: the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.
7. Penile cancer: a rare form of cancer that affects the skin and tissues of the penis.
These conditions can have various causes, including bacterial or fungal infections, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), skin conditions, trauma, or underlying medical conditions. Treatment for penile diseases varies depending on the specific condition and its severity, but may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Subcutaneous tissue, also known as the subcutis or hypodermis, is the layer of fatty connective tissue found beneath the dermis (the inner layer of the skin) and above the muscle fascia. It is composed mainly of adipose tissue, which serves as a energy storage reservoir and provides insulation and cushioning to the body. The subcutaneous tissue also contains blood vessels, nerves, and immune cells that support the skin's functions. This layer varies in thickness depending on the location in the body and can differ significantly between individuals based on factors such as age, genetics, and weight.
Histiocytes are a type of immune cell that are part of the mononuclear phagocyte system. They originate from monocytes, which are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Histiocytes play an important role in the immune system by engulfing and destroying foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses, as well as removing dead cells and other debris from the body. They can be found in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.
Histiocytes include several different types of cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells. These cells have different functions but all play a role in the immune response. For example, macrophages are involved in inflammation and tissue repair, while dendritic cells are important for presenting antigens to T cells and initiating an immune response.
Abnormal accumulations or dysfunction of histiocytes can lead to various diseases, such as histiocytosis, which is a group of disorders characterized by the abnormal proliferation and accumulation of histiocytes in various tissues.
The scalp is the anatomical region located at the upper part of the human head, covering the skull except for the face and the ears. It is made up of several layers: the skin, the connective tissue, the galea aponeurotica (a strong, flat, tendinous sheet), loose areolar tissue, and the periosteum (the highly vascularized innermost layer that attaches directly to the skull bones). The scalp has a rich blood supply and is home to numerous sensory receptors, including those for touch, pain, and temperature. It also contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
Fumarates are the salts or esters of fumaric acid, a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula HO2C-CH=CH-CO2H. In the context of medical therapy, fumarates are used as medications for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis.
One such medication is dimethyl fumarate (DMF), which is a stable salt of fumaric acid. DMF has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, and it's used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.
The exact mechanism of action of fumarates in these conditions is not fully understood, but they are thought to modulate the immune system and have antioxidant effects. Common side effects of fumarate therapy include gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain, as well as flushing and skin reactions.
Granuloma annulare
Perforating granuloma annulare
Localized granuloma annulare
Subcutaneous granuloma annulare
Generalized granuloma annulare
Patch-type granuloma annulare
Granuloma annulare in HIV disease
Annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma
Rheumatoid nodule
Granuloma multiforme
Dapsone
Necrobiosis
Necrobiosis lipoidica
Walter Freudenthal
Methylprednisolone
Sarcoidosis
Henry Radcliffe Crocker
Granuloma
List of MeSH codes (C23)
List of MeSH codes (C17)
Desonide
List of diseases (G)
List of skin conditions
Histopathologic diagnosis of dermatitis
Granuloma annulare - Wikipedia
Granuloma annulare: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Granuloma Annulare: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Granuloma Annulare | Johns Hopkins Medicine
granuloma annulare | West Indian Medical Journal
Granuloma annulare - NEL - Norsk Elektronisk Legehåndbok
Granuloma Annulare - Skin Disorders - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Granuloma Annulare - Kirksville Dermatologist - Cleaver Dermatology
Granuloma Annulare: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options
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Annular Lesions: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP
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Generalized perforating granuloma annulare with varioliform scars: A case report
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Vista de Granuloma annulare and mesenchymal cancer. Report of two cases
View of Necrobiosis lipoidica and granuloma annulare: Part 2- Granuloma annulare | British Journal of Diabetes
halobetasol propionate topical: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD
Pruney fingers: Causes, conditions, and treatment
BIP! Finder - Florid Granuloma Annulare-Like Reaction in Regional Lymph Nodes After 'Regression' of Red Pigment in Tattoos.
Leg Rash | AAFP
These highlights do not include all the information needed to use ENABLEX safely and effectively. See full prescribing...
William Damsky, MD, PhD | Yale School of Medicine
guidelines - Annals Singapore
Issue November 2000 | Annals Singapore
Subcutaneous7
- Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is characterized by firm or hard asymptomatic nodules in the deep dermis or subcutaneous tissues, with individual lesions measuring from 5 mm to 4 cm in diameter. (medscape.com)
- Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is seen exclusively in children , causing rubbery lumps to develop on the skin. (zwivel.com)
- We report the radiologic appearance of five cases of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. (elsevierpure.com)
- The radiologic images of five patients (three male, two female) with subcutaneous granuloma annulare were retrospectively studied. (elsevierpure.com)
- The radiologic appearance of subcutaneous granuloma annulare is characteristic, typically demonstrating a nodular soft-tissue mass involving the subcutaneous adipose tissue. (elsevierpure.com)
- This radiologic appearance in a young individual is highly suggestive of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. (elsevierpure.com)
- The plaques are asymptomatic, but up to 35% of cases progress to shallow, painful ulcers.3 Histopathologically, the NLD presents with interstitial and palisaded granulomas involving the subcutaneous tissue and dermis. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Cause of granuloma annulare2
- The cause of granuloma annulare is unknown and it is found in patients of all ages. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- The cause of granuloma annulare is not clear, but doctors suspect it is the result of an immune system reaction. (msdmanuals.com)
Lesions8
- Most lesions of granuloma annulare disappear in pre-pubertal patients with no treatment within two years while older patients (50+) have rings for upwards of 20 years. (wikipedia.org)
- Localized granuloma annulare is characterized by skin-colored to violaceous lesions up to 5 cm in diameter. (medscape.com)
- Granuloma annulare is a harmless type of skin rash that often presents with ring-shaped lesions. (cleaverdermatology.com)
- Found in patients of all ages, granuloma annulare is a common and benign skin condition that produces ring-shaped lesions, generally on the hands and feet. (zwivel.com)
- Granuloma Annulare is a skin condition which mostly consists of raised, reddish or skin colored bumps (lesions) that form ring patterns, usually on your hand and feet. (mfine.co)
- The lesions of granuloma annulare can occur anywhere on the body, but most often involve the dorsal surfaces of the hands, feet, elbows, or knees. (aafp.org)
- Annular lesions on the head and neck could also be secondary to petaloid seborrheic dermatitis, tinea corporis, discoid lupus erythematosus, subacute lupus erythematosus, cutaneous sarcoidosis, or granuloma annulare. (ccjm.org)
- Local (intra-articular or intralesional) injection of [CV004 trade name] may be given as part of the short-term management of inflammatory joint and tendon disorders, and localised inflammatory and hypertrophic skin lesions including those of lichen simplex, lichen planus, granuloma annulare, discoid lupus erythematosus, and keloids. (who.int)
Sarcoidosis3
- In clinical practice, he specializes in medical dermatology and dermatopathology with a specific focus in cutaneous granulomatous disorders (sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare). (yale.edu)
- Dr. Damsky is leading a clinical trial in sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare. (yale.edu)
- The differential diagnoses of early NLD include Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, granuloma annulare, and sarcoidosis. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Raised bumps2
- Granuloma annulare is a benign skin condition characterized by small, raised bumps that form a ring with a normal or sunken center. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin disorder in which small, firm, raised bumps appear and spread out to form a ring with normal or slightly sunken skin in the center. (msdmanuals.com)
Necrobiosis1
- Actinic granuloma is difficult to distinguish from other granulomatous disorders, particularly granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica . (dermnetnz.org)
Benign inflammatory4
- Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory dermatosis. (medscape.com)
- Granuloma annulare is an uncommon benign inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the formation of dermal papules with a tendency to form rings. (elsevierpure.com)
- Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign, inflammatory disorder of the skin that has no proven aetiology or widely accepted theory of pathogenesis. (annals.edu.sg)
- Erythema annulare centrifugum is a benign inflammatory skin disease that can occur at any age, without gender predilection. (cmaj.ca)
Tinea1
- The differential diagnosis includes impetigo, annular psoriasis, granuloma annulare and tinea corporis. (cmaj.ca)
Subacute1
- A punch biopsy (4 mm) of the right flank showed subacute spongiotic dermatitis with confluent parakeratosis and a perivascular infiltrate with lymphocytes and eosinophils, consistent with the diagnosis of superficial erythema annulare centrifugum. (cmaj.ca)
Radcliffe Crocker2
- The disease was first described in 1895 by Thomas Colcott Fox as a "ringed eruption of the fingers", and it was named granuloma annulare by Henry Radcliffe Crocker in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
- however, not until 1902 did Radcliffe-Crocker label it as granuloma annulare. (medscape.com)
Uncommon2
- Arcuate dermal erythema: This is an uncommon form of granuloma annulare that manifests as infiltrated erythematous patches that may form large, hyperpigmented rings with central clearing. (medscape.com)
- Actinic granuloma is an uncommon skin disease that presents with asymptomatic annular (ring-shaped) plaques on sun-exposed sites. (dermnetnz.org)
Actinic7
- Some authorities consider actinic granuloma (AG) to be a subset of granuloma annulare, but others view actinic annulare as a separate, but related, entity. (medscape.com)
- What is the cause of actinic granuloma? (dermnetnz.org)
- What are the clinical features of actinic granuloma? (dermnetnz.org)
- Actinic granuloma begins as flesh-coloured or pink papules (small bumps) which coalescence into annular plaques (larger thickened patches) ranging in size from 1 to 10 cm in diameter. (dermnetnz.org)
- How is actinic granuloma diagnosed? (dermnetnz.org)
- What is the treatment of actinic granuloma? (dermnetnz.org)
- Treatment of actinic granuloma can be difficult. (dermnetnz.org)
Perforating3
- Perforating granuloma annulare is usually localized to the dorsal hands and fingers or may be generalized on the trunk and extremities. (medscape.com)
- Perforating granuloma annulare (PGA) is a rare subtype of GA. It is characterized by crops of erythematous umblicated or scaly papules. (iranjd.ir)
- Generalized perforating granuloma annulare with varioliform scars: A case report', Iranian Journal of Dermatology , 10(1), pp. 78-82. (iranjd.ir)
Symptoms6
- What are the symptoms of granuloma annulare? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- The following are the most common signs or symptoms of granuloma annulare. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- The symptoms of granuloma annulare may resemble other skin conditions. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Because granuloma annulare usually causes no symptoms and clears up by itself, you may not need treatment (except for cosmetic reasons). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Most often, granuloma annulare heals without any treatment, so people who have no symptoms usually require no treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
- Although there is no known cure for granuloma annulare and it generally self-resolves, dermatologists may recommend various treatments to alleviate its symptoms. (zwivel.com)
Erythema6
- E. Erythema annulare centrifugum. (patientcareonline.com)
- A) Polycyclic and annular erythematous desquamative plaques on the torso and (B) crusted plaques on the upper arms and armpit area of an 8-year-old boy with a recent diagnosis of superficial erythema annulare centrifugum. (cmaj.ca)
- 1 Pathophysiology is still uncertain and erythema annulare centrifugum has sometimes been associated with infections (particularly dermatophytic infections), foods, drugs, hematologic and endocrine diseases, and neoplasias. (cmaj.ca)
- Superficial erythema annulare centrifugum usually presents as erythematous squamous plaques that grow centrifugally, and evolve over a few weeks into annular or polycyclic, elevated plaques with a clear centre and an internal scaly rim. (cmaj.ca)
- 3 Erythema annulare centrifugum predominantly affects the trunk and proximal extremities, and can sometimes be pruritic. (cmaj.ca)
- Erythema annulare centrifugum may regress spontaneously or recur over a period of months to years. (cmaj.ca)
Clinical1
- The diagnosis of granuloma annulare often may be made by its characteristic clinical presentation. (aafp.org)
Interstitial2
- Interstitial granuloma annulare, also referred to as interstitial granulomatous dermatitis, describes more widespread plaques or papules covering significant areas of the trunk - especially on the back - that cause bouts of itching and burning sensations. (zwivel.com)
- A skin biopsy showed interstitial lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltrates with collagenolysis, consistent with granuloma annulare. (aafp.org)
Corticosteroids1
- Rallis E, Stavropoulou E, Korfitis C. Granuloma annulare of childhood successfully treated with potent topical corticosteroids previously unresponsive to tacrolimus ointment 0.1%: report of three cases. (legehandboka.no)
Asymptomatic1
- Aside from the visible rash, granuloma annulare is usually asymptomatic. (wikipedia.org)
Necrobiotic1
- Granuloma annulare (GA), also known as necrobiotic papulosis, is a relatively common and noncontagious condition that produces smooth, thick patches on the skin. (zwivel.com)
Dermal1
- citation needed] Granuloma annulare microscopically consists of dermal epithelioid histiocytes around a central zone of mucin-a so-called palisaded granuloma. (wikipedia.org)
Dermatol1
- Case of post-herpetic, isotopic granuloma annulare (GA), followed by generalized GA. J Dermatol. (bu.edu)
Predominantly1
- Generalized granuloma annulare: This form occurs predominantly in adults. (medscape.com)
Relatively common2
- Granuloma annulare is relatively common disease that occurs in all age groups, but it is rare in infancy. (medscape.com)
- Granuloma annulare (GA) is a relatively common disorder. (racgp.org.au)
Histologic1
- Transepithelial elimination of mucinous, degenerating collagen fibers and surrounding palisading lymphohistiocytic granulomas, are important histologic features. (iranjd.ir)
Rashes1
- Most granuloma annulare rashes resolve without treatment within 2 years. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Diseases2
- The range of predisposing events and associated diseases is diverse, and granuloma annulare is thought to represent a reaction pattern with many different initiating factors. (medscape.com)
- People with diseases such as HIV infection, may be more likely to develop Granuloma Annulare. (mfine.co)
Malignant2
- Association of Granuloma Annulare With Type 2 Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia, Autoimmune Disorders, and Hematologic Malignant Neoplasms. (legehandboka.no)
- Differential diagnoses of granuloma annulare, malignant melanoma and morphea were considered radiologically. (bvsalud.org)
Rash2
- Granuloma annulare (GA) is a long-term ( chronic ) skin disease consisting of a rash with reddish bumps arranged in a circle or ring. (medlineplus.gov)
- Disseminated granuloma annulare is a rash that affects the extremities, such as the fingers or the ears. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Skin3
- Granuloma annulare (GA) is a common, sometimes chronic skin condition which presents as reddish bumps on the skin arranged in a circle or ring. (wikipedia.org)
- Granuloma annulare also has some predilection for the sun-exposed areas and photodamaged skin. (medscape.com)
- Granuloma annulare is noncancerous, noncontagious condition that causes ring-shaped patches on the skin. (zwivel.com)
Treatments2
- Shop Now for Over-the-Counter Treatments for Granuloma Annulare. (dubaient.com)
- 7 Effective Natural Treatments for Granuloma Annulare. (dubaient.com)
Treatment5
- Joshi TP, Duvic M. Granuloma Annulare: An Updated Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Options. (legehandboka.no)
- Treatment of granuloma annulare with the 585 nm pulsed dye laser. (legehandboka.no)
- Granuloma annulare usually heals without treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
- Granuloma annulare usually resolves on its own, but severe forms may require treatment. (zwivel.com)
- Here are some best Natural home cure for Generalized Granuloma Annulare Treatment completely without any side effects. (natural-health-news.com)
Scaly1
- These raised patches are often discolored and scaly, forming rings (annulare is Latin for "ring-shaped") that can be found anywhere on the body, although the arms, legs, hands and feet are often more severely affected. (zwivel.com)
Ankles1
- Localized granuloma annulare has a predilection for the feet, ankles, lower limbs, and wrists. (medscape.com)
Mechanisms2
- Proposed pathogenic mechanisms for granuloma annulare include cell-mediated immunity (type IV), immune complex vasculitis, and an abnormality of tissue monocytes. (medscape.com)
- The etiology of granuloma annulare is usually unknown, and the pathogenetic mechanisms are poorly understood, with a vast majority of granuloma annulare cases occurring in patients who are otherwise healthy. (medscape.com)
Degenerative1
- Normal lymphoid tissue was seen to be replaced by large palisading granulomas with central degenerative change, abundant stromal mucin, and scattered deposits of tattoo pigment. (athena-innovation.gr)
Reaction3
- Granuloma annulare may be the result of an immune system reaction. (msdmanuals.com)
- Florid Granuloma Annulare-Like Reaction in Regional Lymph Nodes After 'Regression' of Red Pigment in Tattoos. (athena-innovation.gr)
- The nodes were pigmented on gross examination, and on microscopy, a granuloma annulare-like reaction was observed. (athena-innovation.gr)
Cases3
- Familial cases of granuloma annulare observed in identical twins and siblings in several generations, along with an association of granuloma annulare with HLA phenotypes, suggest the possibility of a hereditary component in some cases. (medscape.com)
- Tacrolimus 0.1% and granuloma annulare: description of three cases. (legehandboka.no)
- There have also been cases of NLD co-occurring with sarcoid or granuloma annulare. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Occurs1
- Granuloma annulare occurs twice as often in women as in men. (msdmanuals.com)
Patients1
- The levels of heparin-precipitable fraction of plasma were determined in 17 patients with granuloma annulare and 26 persons used as controls. (umn.edu)
Trigger2
- Some reports associate chronic stress with granuloma annulare as a trigger of the disease. (medscape.com)
- Other drugs that suppress the immune system, such as infliximab and adalimumab , may be used to treat granuloma annulare, but they may also trigger the disorder in some people. (msdmanuals.com)
Immune1
- Young girls and young adults of both sexes are the most commonly affected, but since it arises from an immune response, anyone can develop granuloma annulare. (zwivel.com)