Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine
Arthropod Venoms
Down Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome X
Serum Albumin, Bovine
Herpesvirus 1, Bovine
Nephrotic Syndrome
Sjogren's Syndrome
Quasispecies in the 5' untranslated genomic region of bovine viral diarrhoea virus from a single individual. (1/6)
The variability of the 5' untranslated genomic region (5'UTR) of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) RNA obtained from a single individual was analysed. Lung, kidney and spleen tissues from a naturally infected foetus were used as the source of viral RNA. A fragment of 288 bases of the internal ribosome entry site from the BVDV 5'UTR was amplified by RT-PCR using a proofreading DNA polymerase. PCR products were cloned into pGem and, subsequently, transformed into Escherichia coli. The single-strand conformational polymorphisms of 158 lung-derived clones were analysed; a total of 11 banding patterns was observed. DNAs corresponding to all patterns were sequenced. Of the randomly selected clones, 11 and 10 clones derived from the kidney and spleen, respectively, were also sequenced. All sequences presented differences ranging from 1 to 6 nt substitutions. Analysis of the secondary structure of the variant sequences and comparisons to variant nucleotide sites from the 5'UTR of several BVDV isolates showed that the observed changes were almost free of randomness. Clustering and phylogenetic analyses suggested the existence of low-kinetic variants. BVDV quasispecies may be involved in establishing persistent infections by means of eluding maternal antibodies. The methods described here may be adapted easily both to analyse large numbers of samples from other genomic regions and for the study of BVDV quasispecies evolution in other systems. (+info)The evolution of bovine viral diarrhea: a review. (2/6)
The economic importance of bovine viral diarrhea is increasing with the emergence of seemingly more virulent viruses, as evidenced by outbreaks of hemorrhagic syndrome and severe acute bovine viral diarrhea beginning in the 1980s and 1990s. It appears that evolutionary changes in bovine viral diarrhea virus were responsible for these outbreaks. The genetic properties of the classical bovine viral diarrhea virus that contribute to the basis of current diagnostic tests, vaccines, and our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms are now being reevaluated because of these "new" virus strains. This shift in virulence has confounded both nomenclature and the significance of current bovine viral diarrhea virus categorization. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current understanding of bovine viral diarrhea virus with a chronological review of prevailing scientific tenets and practices as described in clinical and scientific North American veterinary journals and textbooks. The first part of this review describes how we have arrived at our current understanding of the viruses, the diseases, and their nomenclature. The second part of the review deals with current concepts in virology and how these concepts may both explain and predict bovine viral diarrhea virus pathogenesis. By reviewing how knowledge of bovine viral diarrhea has evolved and the theories of how the virus itself is able to evolve, the interpretation of diagnostic tests are more effectively utilized in the control and treatment of bovine viral diarrhea virus associated disease. (+info)Experimental model of type II bovine viral diarrhea virus-induced thrombocytopenia in neonatal calves. (3/6)
Thrombocytopenia has been associated with type II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in immunocompetent cattle, but the mechanism is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize a model of type II BVDV-induced thrombocytopenia. Colostrum-deprived Holstein calves were obtained immediately after birth, given a BVDV-negative and BVDV antibody-negative plasma transfusion, housed in an isolation facility, and randomly assigned to either control (n = 4) or infected (n = 5) groups. Infected calves were inoculated by intranasal instillation on day 3 of age with 10(7) TCID50 of the prototype type II isolate, BVDV 890, whereas control calves were sham inoculated. Blood counts and virus isolations from serum, white blood cells, and platelets were performed daily until day 12 after infection, at which time all experimental calves were euthanatized, and pathologic, virologic, and immunohistochemical examinations were performed. On physical examination, the control calves remained normal, but the infected calves developed pyrexia and diarrhea characteristic of type II BVDV infection. The platelet count decreased in all infected calves, and a statistically significant difference in the platelet count between control and infected calves was observed on days 7-12 after infection. In addition, the mean platelet volume and white blood cell counts also decreased. Examination of the bone marrow from the infected calves revealed immunohistochemical staining for BVDV antigen in megakaryocytes and evidence of concurrent megakaryocyte necrosis and hyperplasia. (+info)Persistence of bovine viral diarrhea virus is determined by a cellular cofactor of a viral autoprotease. (4/6)
Polyprotein processing control is a crucial step in the life cycle of positive-strand RNA viruses. Recently, a vital autoprotease generating an essential viral replication factor was identified in such a virus, namely, the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus. Surprisingly, the activity of this protease, which resides in nonstructural protein 2 (NS2), diminishes early after infection, resulting in the limitation of viral RNA replication. Here, we describe that a cellular chaperone termed Jiv (J-domain protein interacting with viral protein) acts as a cofactor of the NS2 protease. Consumption of the intracellular Jiv pool is responsible for temporal regulation of protease activity: overexpression of Jiv interfered with regulation and correlated with increased accumulation of viral RNA; downregulation of the cellular Jiv level accelerated the decline of protease activity and reduced intracellular viral RNA levels and virion production. Accordingly, the amount of a cellular protein controls pestiviral replication by limiting the generation of active viral protease molecules and replication complexes. Importantly, this unique mechanism of replication control is essential for maintenance of the noncytopathogenic phenotype of the virus and thereby for its ability to establish persistent infections. These results add an entirely novel aspect to the understanding of the molecular basis of viral persistence. (+info)Serological evaluation of precolostral serum samples to detect Bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in large commercial dairy herds. (5/6)
The authors propose that screening newborn calves for Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antibody prior to colostrum feeding is a useful strategy to detect herds with endemic BVDV infection. In the current study, precolostral serum samples of newborn calves in 2 Minnesota and 2 California dairy farms were examined. Precolostral BVDV antibodies were detected by serum neutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 7.4% (33/446) and 6.2% (32/515) of newborn calves in the California and Minnesota herds, respectively. The serum samples were also tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and BVDV was detected in 1.6% (7/446) and 3.5% (18/515) of newborn calves in the California and Minnesota herds, respectively. The primary advantages of precolostral testing are that calves congenitally infected with BVDV and seropositive at birth represent a larger percentage of calves born than BVDV-viremic calves and that fewer animals would need to be tested with an antibody test than a RT-PCR or antigen detection test to detect endemic BVDV infections at the herd level. Testing for BVDV antibody in calves prior to colostrum feeding detects fetal infections in both late-gestating cows and nonlactating heifers. Precolostral serum antibody detection is not confounded by vaccination and may be a more sensitive screening method than bulk milk RT-PCR and nonvaccinated sentinel calf strategies in large dairy herds. (+info)In vitro amplification of BVDV field strains isolated in Argentina: effect of cell line and culture conditions. (6/6)
The aim of this work was to study the in vitro amplification of BVDV (Pestivirus, Flaviridae) field isolates from Argentina in MDBK, BoTur and BHK-21 continuous cell lines. Field isolates 99/134 (mucosal disease), 00/693 (mucosal disease), 04P7016 (respiratory disease) and 04/89 (mucosal disease), genotype 1b, were used and compared with the Singer and NADL reference strains, genotype 1a. Additionally, cell lines derived from explants of bovine testis (RD-420), bovine uterus (NCL-1) and porcine kidney (PKZ) were tested as alternative substrates for BVDV propagation in vitro. The effect of cell line, harvest time and infection protocol was evaluated. The viral titers observed depended on the virus and harvest time but not on the infection protocol. We found that MDBK and BoTur cell lines were susceptible to the infection whereas BHK-21 and PKZ were not. NADL viral titers, 00/693 and 04/89, increased from 24 to 48 h p.i. in BoTur cells and then reached a plateau, whereas those of 99/134 and 04P7016 remained constant between 24 and 72 h p.i. BVDV Singer, on the other hand, presented a maximum titer at 24 h p.i. and then decreased. BVDV-NADL titers increased in MDBK and NCL-1 but not in RD-420 between 24 and 48 h p.i., and then decreased at 72 h p.i. These facts lead us to conclude that neither the subgenotypes (1a, 1b) nor the clinical symptoms of the animal from the virus had been isolated seem to affect the virus cell line kinetics of viral replication in vitro. On the other hand, the most homogenous behavior, the most similar replication curves, and highest titers observed in MDBK and NCL-1 seem to indicate that these lines are generally more susceptible to BVDV replication. (+info)Bovine Hemorrhagic Syndrome (BHS) is a term used to describe a group of diseases in cattle that are characterized by the sudden onset of hemorrhages (bleeding) in various parts of the body. The most common form of BHS is known as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) associated hemorrhagic syndrome, which is caused by a specific strain of the BVDV.
In this syndrome, the virus infects and damages the endothelial cells that line the blood vessels, leading to increased permeability and bleeding. The symptoms of BHS can vary widely, but often include fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, swelling, and bruising of the skin, as well as internal bleeding in the lungs, intestines, and other organs. In severe cases, BHS can lead to rapid death due to extensive blood loss.
It's important to note that BVDV is not the only cause of hemorrhagic syndrome in cattle, and other infectious agents such as bacteria or other viruses can also cause similar symptoms. Accurate diagnosis requires laboratory testing to identify the specific causative agent.
Arthropod venoms are toxic secretions produced by the venom glands of various arthropods, such as spiders, scorpions, insects, and marine invertebrates. These venoms typically contain a complex mixture of bioactive molecules, including peptides, proteins, enzymes, and small molecules, which can cause a range of symptoms and effects in humans and other animals.
The specific composition of arthropod venoms varies widely depending on the species and can be tailored to serve various functions, such as prey immobilization, defense, or predation. Some arthropod venoms contain neurotoxins that can disrupt nerve function and cause paralysis, while others may contain cytotoxins that damage tissues or hemotoxins that affect the blood and cardiovascular system.
Arthropod venoms have been studied for their potential therapeutic applications, as some of their bioactive components have shown promise in treating various medical conditions, including pain, inflammation, and neurological disorders. However, it is important to note that arthropod venoms can also cause severe allergic reactions and other adverse effects in susceptible individuals, making it essential to exercise caution when handling or coming into contact with venomous arthropods.
Hemorrhage is defined in the medical context as an excessive loss of blood from the circulatory system, which can occur due to various reasons such as injury, surgery, or underlying health conditions that affect blood clotting or the integrity of blood vessels. The bleeding may be internal, external, visible, or concealed, and it can vary in severity from minor to life-threatening, depending on the location and extent of the bleeding. Hemorrhage is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate attention and treatment to prevent further blood loss, organ damage, and potential death.
A syndrome, in medical terms, is a set of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or underlying pathological process. It's essentially a collection of signs and/or symptoms that frequently occur together and can suggest a particular cause or condition, even though the exact physiological mechanisms might not be fully understood.
For example, Down syndrome is characterized by specific physical features, cognitive delays, and other developmental issues resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Similarly, metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus type 2 involve a group of risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels that collectively increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
It's important to note that a syndrome is not a specific diagnosis; rather, it's a pattern of symptoms that can help guide further diagnostic evaluation and management.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by intellectual and developmental disabilities, distinctive facial features, and sometimes physical growth delays and health problems. The condition affects approximately one in every 700 babies born in the United States.
Individuals with Down syndrome have varying degrees of cognitive impairment, ranging from mild to moderate or severe. They may also have delayed development, including late walking and talking, and may require additional support and education services throughout their lives.
People with Down syndrome are at increased risk for certain health conditions, such as congenital heart defects, respiratory infections, hearing loss, vision problems, gastrointestinal issues, and thyroid disorders. However, many individuals with Down syndrome live healthy and fulfilling lives with appropriate medical care and support.
The condition is named after John Langdon Down, an English physician who first described the syndrome in 1866.
Metabolic syndrome, also known as Syndrome X, is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. It is not a single disease but a group of risk factors that often co-occur. According to the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, a person has metabolic syndrome if they have any three of the following five conditions:
1. Abdominal obesity (waist circumference of 40 inches or more in men, and 35 inches or more in women)
2. Triglyceride level of 150 milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL) or greater
3. HDL cholesterol level of less than 40 mg/dL in men or less than 50 mg/dL in women
4. Systolic blood pressure of 130 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or greater, or diastolic blood pressure of 85 mmHg or greater
5. Fasting glucose level of 100 mg/dL or greater
Metabolic syndrome is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, such as physical inactivity and a diet high in refined carbohydrates and unhealthy fats. Treatment typically involves making lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and losing weight if necessary. In some cases, medication may also be needed to manage individual components of the syndrome, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is not a medical term per se, but a biochemical term. It is widely used in medical and biological research. Here's the definition:
Bovine Serum Albumin is a serum albumin protein derived from cows. It is often used as a stabilizer, an emulsifier, or a protein source in various laboratory and industrial applications, including biochemical experiments, cell culture media, and diagnostic kits. BSA has a high solubility in water and can bind to many different types of molecules, making it useful for preventing unwanted interactions between components in a solution. It also has a consistent composition and is relatively inexpensive compared to human serum albumin, which are factors that contribute to its widespread use.
Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a species-specific virus that belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, and genus Varicellovirus. This virus is the causative agent of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), which is a significant respiratory disease in cattle. The infection can also lead to reproductive issues, including abortions, stillbirths, and inflammation of the genital tract (infectious pustular vulvovaginitis) in cows and infertility in bulls.
The virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, their respiratory secretions, or contaminated objects. Once an animal is infected, BoHV-1 establishes a lifelong latency in the nervous system, from where it can periodically reactivate and shed the virus, even without showing any clinical signs. This makes eradication of the virus challenging in cattle populations.
Vaccines are available to control IBR, but they may not prevent infection or shedding entirely. Therefore, ongoing management practices, such as biosecurity measures and surveillance programs, are essential to minimize the impact of this disease on cattle health and productivity.
Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate kidney damage, specifically damage to the glomeruli—the tiny blood vessel clusters in the kidneys that filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. The main features of nephrotic syndrome are:
1. Proteinuria (excess protein in urine): Large amounts of a protein called albumin leak into the urine due to damaged glomeruli, which can't properly filter proteins. This leads to low levels of albumin in the blood, causing fluid buildup and swelling.
2. Hypoalbuminemia (low blood albumin levels): As albumin leaks into the urine, the concentration of albumin in the blood decreases, leading to hypoalbuminemia. This can cause edema (swelling), particularly in the legs, ankles, and feet.
3. Edema (fluid retention and swelling): With low levels of albumin in the blood, fluids move into the surrounding tissues, causing swelling or puffiness. The swelling is most noticeable around the eyes, face, hands, feet, and abdomen.
4. Hyperlipidemia (high lipid/cholesterol levels): The kidneys play a role in regulating lipid metabolism. Damage to the glomeruli can lead to increased lipid production and high cholesterol levels in the blood.
Nephrotic syndrome can result from various underlying kidney diseases, such as minimal change disease, membranous nephropathy, or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medications to control inflammation, manage high blood pressure, and reduce proteinuria. In some cases, dietary modifications and lifestyle changes are also recommended.
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own moisture-producing glands, particularly the tear and salivary glands. This can lead to symptoms such as dry eyes, dry mouth, and dryness in other areas of the body. In some cases, it may also affect other organs, leading to a variety of complications.
There are two types of Sjögren's syndrome: primary and secondary. Primary Sjögren's syndrome occurs when the condition develops on its own, while secondary Sjögren's syndrome occurs when it develops in conjunction with another autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
The exact cause of Sjögren's syndrome is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment typically focuses on relieving symptoms and may include artificial tears, saliva substitutes, medications to stimulate saliva production, and immunosuppressive drugs in more severe cases.
Pteridium esculentum
List of MeSH codes (C22)
National Veterinary Research Institute
Veterinary virology
Synovial fluid
List of MeSH codes (C10)
List of MeSH codes (C02)
List of MeSH codes (C01)
Thrombin
Enterovirus
Anticoagulant
Flaviviridae
Leptospirosis
Nafamostat
List of MeSH codes (B04)
Pestivirus
List of MeSH codes (C20)
Heparin
Fascioloides magna
List of ICD-9 codes 001-139: infectious and parasitic diseases
National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases
Preterm birth
History of virology
Batai orthobunyavirus
Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic Escherichia coli
List of skin conditions
Escherichia coli O157:H7
José Esparza
Ungulate protoparvovirus 1
EGF-like domain
Geographic Divergence of Bovine and Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Genotypes, New Zealand - Volume 20,...
Pteridium esculentum - Wikipedia
What is in your farm's microbial terroir? - All About Feed
Pesquisa | Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BRASIL
Brain and Nerves: MedlinePlus
Meat
Research Outputs
An investigation of the expression and adhesin function of H7 flagella in the interaction of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157: H7...
Virus latency. Medical search. Definitions
How to - Bovine Abdominal Exploratory- Left
Bovine virus diarrhoea in cattle *
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Diagnostic antibodies and antigens for bovines/cattle infectious and non-infectious disease testing
Spongiform5
- Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, and haemorrhagic fevers such as Rift Valley fever. (who.int)
- Genemedi developed the antigen and antibody to detect the non-infectious disease such as immune dysfunction, abortion and teratology, nonbacterial diarrheic disease, Prion associated diseases (Scrapie, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Chronical Waste Disease), winter dysentery and so on. (genemedi.com)
- However, are we really going to take the UN's directive and call it by its scientific name: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy? (dailynews.com)
- Cattle that have been fed material that includes nervous tissue are at increased risk of having bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). (scienceopen.com)
- 4. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy. (advocatekhoj.com)
Fever8
- A group of viruses in the genus PESTIVIRUS , causing diarrhea, fever, oral ulcerations, hemorrhagic syndrome, and various necrotic lesions among cattle and other domestic animals. (nih.gov)
- Pestiviruses account for important diseases in animals such as Classical swine fever (CSF) and Bovine viral diarrhoea / Mucosal disease (BVD/MD). According to the current O.I.E. list CSF and BVD/MD are notifiable diseases and eradication programms are administered in many countries worldwide. (bionity.com)
- The family includes Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus (LDV) of mice and Simian Haemorrhagic Fever Virus (SHFV). (bionity.com)
- This tick, which thrives in dry climates and warm weather, can transmit Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF). (anses.fr)
- Find out more about possible emergence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in France . (anses.fr)
- warns that calling a hemorrhagic fever Ebola is ruining tourism on the, otherwise wildly popular, African river, the Ebola. (dailynews.com)
- An Ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by bovine ephemeral fever virus (EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS, BOVINE). (wakehealth.edu)
- Serological and molecular study of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in cattle from selected districts in Uganda [Article]. (sva.se)
Tuberculosis2
- Bovine tuberculosis was a leading zoonotic cause of condemnations accounting for 95.7 of lungs and 100 of all head and carcass condemnations. (bvsalud.org)
- Similarly, the housing of camels indoors with cattle increases the risk that the camels will acquire bovine tuberculosis. (scienceopen.com)
Cattle4
- The aim of the national surveillance and control programme for bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) is to document freedom from the infection in the Norwegian cattle population and to contribute to the maintenance of this favourable situation. (vetinst.no)
- Due to the physiology and structure of bovines, cattle health issues are also unique. (genemedi.com)
- Alimentary and respiratory tract lesions in eight medically fragile Holstein cattle with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). (anandpub.com)
- It is caused by a virus related to the one that causes Bovine Viral Diarrhea disease in cattle. (infonet-biovision.org)
Infectious pustular vulvo1
- 10. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis. (advocatekhoj.com)
Lesions2
- The skin lesions soon enlarge and become vesiculated, producing hemorrhagic bullae with subsequent necrosis and black eschar formation. (medscape.com)
- Do not use in animals suffering from gastro-intestinal lesions, haemorrhagic diathesis, blood dyscrasia, impaired hepatic, cardiac or renal function. (com.vn)
Necrotic2
- The various forms of enteritis such as acute catarrhal enteritis 15.54%, chronic catarrhal enteritis 5.88%, haemorrhagic enteritis 8.82%, necrotic enteritis 3.36%, necro-haemorrhagic enteritis 1.68% and fibrinous enteritis 0.42% were observed. (anandpub.com)
- There may also be necrotic and hemorrhagic ulcers in the GI tract. (msdvetmanual.com)
Haemolytic uremic s1
- Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 : H7 is a bacterial pathogen that can cause haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome. (hw.ac.uk)
Diarrhea3
- clinical signs and symptoms of disease range from diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis to life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- The gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) typically cause acute bloody diarrhea, which may lead to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
- Some patients report diarrhea as being "all blood and no stool," which has given rise to the term hemorrhagic colitis. (msdmanuals.com)
Genital Campylobacteriosis1
- 3. Bovine genital campylobacteriosis. (advocatekhoj.com)
Infection3
- The virus is the cause of mucosal disease and hemorrhagic syndrome, but the economically most important manifestations of disease are related to infection in pregnant animals, resulting in embryonic death, abortion and congenital defects. (vetinst.no)
- The purpura usually begins suddenly, 7-10 days after the onset of the precipitating infection, with the development of progressively enlarging, well-demarcated purplish areas of hemorrhagic cutaneous necrosis with deranged coagulation factors. (medscape.com)
- Anti-inflammation, pain relief, reduce pyretic and respiratory distress in infection diseases, supportive treatment of MMA (Mastitis Metritis Agalactia syndrome) in sow. (com.vn)
Acute4
- A higher incidence of ptaquiloside, and some very high concentrations, are found in areas where bovine enzootic haematuria and/or acute haemorrhagic syndrome was known to occur. (wikipedia.org)
- Betacoronaviruses contain a diverse range of viruses, including the recently-emerged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 (the causeof COVID-19), as well as the original SARS-CoV that emerged in 2002, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from 2012 (MERS-CoV). (liverpool.ac.uk)
- 43], suggested the usage of astaxanthin (nASX) as adjunctive dietary supplement given its prospect of alleviating cytokine surprise, acute lung damage, and acute respiratory system syndrome [44]. (enmd-2076.com)
- USA), include food security, food safety, antimicrobial resistance severe acute respiratory syndrome (Asia, Canada and and strengthening health systems ( 6-8 ). (who.int)
Intestinal2
- Our data demonstrate that the H7 flagellum acts as an adhesin to bovine intestinal epithelium and its involvement in this crucial initiating step for colonization indicates that H7 flagella could be an important target in intervention strategies. (hw.ac.uk)
- Etiopathology of intestinal affections in bovine calves. (anandpub.com)
Disease3
- Bovine virus diarrhoea is a notifiable disease (list B) in Norway. (vetinst.no)
- 2. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease. (advocatekhoj.com)
- During epidemics the sudden occurrence of mass abortions at all stages of pregnancy especially in sheep and camels, deaths in new-born animals and severe influenza like occasionally also fatal haemorrhagic disease in humans are characteristic. (infonet-biovision.org)
Septicaemia2
- 9. Haemorrhagic septicaemia. (advocatekhoj.com)
- 4. Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia. (advocatekhoj.com)
Ulcerative syndrome1
- 7. Epizootic ulcerative syndrome. (advocatekhoj.com)
Babesiosis2
- parasitic (e.g. canine piroplasmosis, bovine babesiosis, anaplasmosis). (anses.fr)
- 2. Bovine babesiosis. (advocatekhoj.com)
Anaplasmosis1
- 1. Bovine anaplasmosis. (advocatekhoj.com)
Isolates3
- To compare the local and large-scale geographic distributions of genotypes of STEC O157:H7 isolates obtained from various bovine and human sources during 2008-2011, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion (SBI) typing. (cdc.gov)
- By using 2 methods and by examining the concordance between them, we could use the combined genotyping datasets to assess structuring and patterns of diversity among STEC O157:H7 isolates of bovine and human origin in New Zealand. (cdc.gov)
- Identification of predominant SNPs as a novel method for genotyping bovine Staphylococcus aureus isolates. (musc.edu)
Respiratory syndrome coronavirus1
- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in September 2012 in Saudi Arabia. (cdc.gov)
20221
- Bovine viral diarrhoea virus was not detected in any of the herds sampled in 2022. (vetinst.no)
Hepatic1
- Etio-pathological studies on calf mortality with special reference to hepatic disorders in bovine calves. (anandpub.com)
O157:H71
- E. coli O157:H7 and other STEC have a bovine reservoir. (msdmanuals.com)
Pestivirus1
- Bovine virus diarrhoea is caused by bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in the genus pestivirus. (vetinst.no)
Mastitis3
- Mastitis, Bovine" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (musc.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Mastitis, Bovine" by people in this website by year, and whether "Mastitis, Bovine" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (musc.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Mastitis, Bovine" by people in Profiles. (musc.edu)
Species2
- Other important members of the betacoronavirus group include mouse hepatitus virus (MHV) which is used in many experimental models of coronavirus biology, as well as human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and equine coronavirus (ECV), which are associated with respiratory (HCoV) or enteric (BCoV, ECV) infections in their target species. (liverpool.ac.uk)
- These syndromes are largely determined by the dose and duration of exposure and the species of the poisoned animal. (msdvetmanual.com)
Abortion1
- BVD is the most commonly diagnosed virus in bovine abortion cases in Europe and North America. (infonet-biovision.org)
Virus1
- Norway is regarded as free from bovine virus diarrhoea. (vetinst.no)
Autosomal recessive1
- Glanzmann Thrombasthenia is a bleeding syndrome type of rare autosomal recessive and characterised by platelet aggregation. (drvikram.com)
Purpura2
- Staphylococcus aureus has been associated with purpura fulminans with accompanying toxic shock syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Purpura fulminans is a rare syndrome of intravascular thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarction of the skin that is rapidly progressive and is accompanied by vascular collapse and disseminated intravascular coagulation. (medscape.com)
Human1
- Characterization of protein S, a gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing protein from bovine and human plasma. (medscape.com)