Herpesviridae
Herpesvirus 1, Ranid
Alphaherpesvirinae
Betaherpesvirinae
Herpesvirus 1, Suid
Carps
Herpesvirus 1, Human
Cytomegalovirus
Viral Envelope Proteins
Molecular Sequence Data
Virus Replication
Amino Acid Sequence
Novel endotheliotropic herpesviruses fatal for Asian and African elephants. (1/2429)
A highly fatal hemorrhagic disease has been identified in 10 young Asian and African elephants at North American zoos. In the affected animals there was ultrastructural evidence for herpesvirus-like particles in endothelial cells of the heart, liver, and tongue. Consensus primer polymerase chain reaction combined with sequencing yielded molecular evidence that confirmed the presence of two novel but related herpesviruses associated with the disease, one in Asian elephants and another in African elephants. Otherwise healthy African elephants with external herpetic lesions yielded herpesvirus sequences identical to that found in Asian elephants with endothelial disease. This finding suggests that the Asian elephant deaths were caused by cross-species infection with a herpesvirus that is naturally latent in, but normally not lethal to, African elephants. A reciprocal relationship may exist for the African elephant disease. (+info)Microsatellite instability, Epstein-Barr virus, mutation of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor and BAX in gastric carcinomas in Hong Kong Chinese. (2/2429)
Microsatellite instability (MI), the phenotypic manifestation of mismatch repair failure, is found in a proportion of gastric carcinomas. Little is known of the links between MI and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status and clinicopathological elements. Examination of genes mutated through the MI mechanism could also be expected to reveal important information on the carcinogenic pathway. Seventy-nine gastric carcinomas (61 EBV negative, 18 EBV positive) from local Hong Kong Chinese population, an intermediate-incidence area, were examined. Eight microsatellite loci, inclusive of the A10 tract of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor (TbetaR-II), were used to evaluate the MI status. MI in the BAX and insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) genes were also examined. High-level MI (>40% unstable loci) was detected in ten cases (12.7%) and low-level MI (1-40% unstable loci) in three (3.8%). High-level MI was detected in two EBV-associated cases (11%) and the incidence was similar for the EBV-negative cases (13%). The high-level MIs were significantly associated with intestinal-type tumours (P = 0.03) and a more prominent lymphoid infiltrate (P = 0.04). Similar associations were noted in the EBV-positive carcinomas. The high-level MIs were more commonly located in the antrum, whereas the EBV-associated carcinomas were mostly located in body. Thirteen cardia cases were negative for both high-level MI and EBV. All patients aged below 55 were MI negative (P = 0.049). Of the high-level MIs, 80% had mutation in TbetaR-II, 40% in BAX and 0% in IGF-IIR. Of low-level MIs, 33% also had TbetaR-II mutation. These mutations were absent in the MI-negative cases. Of three lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas, two cases were EBV positive and MI negative, one case was EBV negative but with high-level MI. In conclusion, high-level MIs were present regardless of the EBV status, and were found in a particular clinicopathological subset of gastric carcinoma patient. Inactivation of important growth regulatory genes observed in these carcinomas confirms the importance of MI in carcinogenesis. (+info)Lymphomatoid granulomatosis following autologous stem cell transplantation. (3/2429)
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare angio-destructive lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) of uncertain etiology, with prominent pulmonary involvement. Recent studies indicate that LYG is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated B cell LPD with large numbers of background reactive T lymphocytes (T cell-rich B cell lymphoma). Although the disease frequently, but not exclusively, occurs in various immunodeficiency states, it has not been reported in association with the transient immunosuppression following autologous bone marrow/peripheral stem cell transplantation (ABM/PSCT). We describe a patient who developed lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the lung approximately 2 weeks after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Although molecular studies showed no evidence of EBV genome in the biopsy material, the serologic profile with high IgM titers was suggestive of primary EBV infection. Complete radiologic remission occurred following reconstitution of the patient's immune response after a 2-week course of ganciclovir treatment. Despite the apparently low frequency of LPD (both LYG and EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoma) in the ABMT setting, we believe that it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients whose clinical course following ABMT is complicated by fevers, in the absence of an identifiable infectious process. (+info)Phenotypic and functional characterization of CD8(+) T cell clones specific for a mouse cytomegalovirus epitope. (4/2429)
A series of CD8(+) T cell clones, specific for the IE1 epitope YPHFMPTNL, of the immediate-early protein 1 of the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) were generated in order to determine their protective activity against this infection and correlate their phenotypic markers with antiviral activity. We found that the adoptive transfer of three of these anti-MCMV CD8(+) T cell clones into irradiated naive mice resulted in protection against challenge, while another CD8(+) T cell clone, of the same specificity, failed to confer protection. The clones that conferred protection against lethal challenge reduced greatly viral replication in the lung and other organs of the mice. Using one of the protective anti-MCMV CD8(+) T cell clones we found that in order to be fully protective the cells had to be transferred to recipient mice no later than 1 day after MCMV challenge. The adoptive transfer of these CD8(+) T cell clones also protected CD4(+) T-cell-depleted mice. Phenotypic characterization of the anti-MCMV clones revealed that the nonprotective clone expressed very low levels of CD8 molecules and produced only small amounts of TNF-alpha upon antigenic stimulation. Most importantly, our current study demonstrates that this MHC class I-restricted IE1 epitope of MCMV is efficiently presented to CD8(+) T cell clones in vivo and further strengthens the possibility of the potential use of CD8(+) T cell clones as immunotherapeutic tools against cytomegalovirus-induced disease. (+info)Human herpesviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome. (5/2429)
We have conducted a double-blind study to assess the possible involvement of the human herpesviruses (HHVs) HHV6, HHV7, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients compared to age-, race-, and gender-matched controls. The CFS patient population was composed of rigorously screened civilian and Persian Gulf War veterans meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's CFS case definition criteria. Healthy control civilian and veteran populations had no evidence of CFS or any other exclusionary medical or psychiatric condition. Patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by PCR for the presence of these HHVs. Using two-tailed Fisher's exact test analyses, we were unable to ascertain any statistically significant differences between the CFS patient and control populations in terms of the detection of one or more of these viruses. This observation was upheld when the CFS populations were further stratified with regard to the presence or absence of major axis I psychopathology and patient self-reported gradual versus acute onset of disease. In tandem, we performed serological analyses of serum anti-EBV and anti-HHV6 antibody titers and found no significant differences between the CFS and control patients. (+info)Persistently high Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) loads in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with chronic active EBV infection. (6/2429)
Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is a severe illness with unusual EBV activation that persists for years, and its pathogenesis is largely unknown. After the creation of an accurate and reproducible polymerase chain reaction system to quantify EBV DNA, virus loads in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were determined in 54 children: 15 with CAEBV, 16 with infectious mononucleosis (IM), and 23 healthy children. Children with CAEBV and those with IM had high virus loads. Lower loads were detected in 47% of seropositive healthy donors. There were two distinct differences between children with CAEBV and those with IM: The former had greater viral replication (10(3)-10(7) copies/2.5x10(5) PBL) than those with IM, and viral replication declined in children with IM whereas active replication persisted for years in subjects with CAEBV. Persisting high virus loads are a possible diagnostic criterion for CAEBV. EBV loads may enable classification and prognosis of EBV infections. (+info)High seroprevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus-8 in Egyptian children: evidence of nonsexual transmission. (7/2429)
BACKGROUND: In western countries, human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) appears to be transmitted mainly by sexual contact. To evaluate the role of other transmission routes, especially in developing countries, we estimated the seroprevalence of HHV-8 in Egyptian children, who, if seropositive, would have acquired the virus through a nonsexual route. METHODS: Sera from 196 children (<1-12 years of age), 20 adolescents (13-20 years of age), and 30 young adults (21-25 years of age) attending a vaccination program in Alexandria, Egypt, were studied. Immunofluorescence assays were used to detect antibodies against HHV-8 lytic-phase antigens (anti-lytic) and latent-phase antigens (anti-latent). Antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus viral cap antigen, cytomegalovirus, and HHV-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Seroprevalence of these herpesviruses was calculated after stratifying the subjects by age. RESULTS: Anti-lytic and anti-latent HHV-8 antibodies were detected in 44.7% and 8.5% of the study participants, respectively. The prevalence of anti-lytic antibodies tended to increase with age, exceeding 50% in children older than 6 years; once children reached the age of 10 years, the prevalence tended to stabilize. The seroprevalence of other herpesviruses tended to be higher than that of HHV-8, ranging from approximately 83% to more than 97% in the 9- to 12-year age group. One- to 3-year-old children had higher titers of antilytic HHV-8 antibodies than children in the other age groups. Anti-latent antibodies were more frequently detected in individuals with high anti-lytic antibody titers. CONCLUSIONS: HHV-8 antibodies are highly prevalent in Egyptian children, suggesting that, in developing countries, HHV-8 infection may be acquired early in life through routes other than sexual transmission. The lower seroprevalence of HHV-8 relative to that of the other herpesviruses suggests that HHV-8 is less transmissible than other common herpesviruses. (+info)Immunological control of a murine gammaherpesvirus independent of CD8+ T cells. (8/2429)
Adult thymectomized C57 BL/6J mice were depleted of T cell subsets by MAb treatment either prior to, or after, respiratory challenge with murine gammaherpesvirus-68. Protection against acute infection was maintained when either the CD4+ or the CD8+ T cell population was greatly diminished, whereas the concurrent removal of both T cell subsets proved invariably fatal. The same depletions had little effect on mice with established infection. The results indicate firstly that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play a significant part in dealing with the acute infection, and secondly that virus-specific antibody contributes to controlling persistent infection with this gammaherpesvirus. (+info)Herpesviridae is a family of large, double-stranded DNA viruses that includes several important pathogens affecting humans and animals. The herpesviruses are characterized by their ability to establish latency in infected host cells, allowing them to persist for the lifetime of the host and leading to recurrent episodes of disease.
The family Herpesviridae is divided into three subfamilies: Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae. Each subfamily includes several genera and species that infect various hosts, including humans, primates, rodents, birds, and reptiles.
Human herpesviruses include:
* Alphaherpesvirinae: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
* Betaherpesvirinae: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A), Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B), and Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7)
* Gammaherpesvirinae: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as HHV-8)
These viruses are responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, from mild skin lesions to life-threatening diseases. Primary infections usually occur during childhood or adolescence and can be followed by recurrent episodes due to virus reactivation from latency.
Herpesviridae infections refer to diseases caused by the Herpesviridae family of double-stranded DNA viruses, which include herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). These viruses can cause a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild skin lesions to severe systemic diseases.
After the initial infection, these viruses typically become latent in various tissues and may reactivate later in life, causing recurrent symptoms. The clinical presentation of Herpesviridae infections depends on the specific virus and the immune status of the host. Common manifestations include oral or genital ulcers (HSV-1 and HSV-2), chickenpox and shingles (VZV), mononucleosis (CMV), roseola (HHV-6), and Kaposi's sarcoma (HHV-8).
Preventive measures include avoiding close contact with infected individuals during the active phase of the infection, practicing safe sex, and avoiding sharing personal items that may come into contact with infectious lesions. Antiviral medications are available to treat Herpesviridae infections and reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.
Herpesvirus 1, also known as Ranid herpesvirus or Frog virus 3 (FV3), is not a human pathogen and does not have any medical relevance to humans. It is a virus that primarily infects amphibians, particularly frogs and toads.
Ranid herpesvirus belongs to the family Alloherpesviridae and is the type species of the genus Ranid herpesvirus. The virus is highly host-specific and has been found to cause fatal diseases in various ranid frog species, including the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) and the green frog (Lithobates clamitans).
The virus typically infects the cells of the frog's immune system and can cause a range of symptoms, including lethargy, loss of appetite, skin lesions, and hemorrhage. In severe cases, it can lead to death. However, Ranid herpesvirus does not pose any threat to humans or other mammals.
'Alphaherpesvirinae' is a subfamily of viruses within the family Herpesviridae. These viruses are characterized by their ability to establish latency in neurons and undergo rapid replication. The subfamily includes several human pathogens, such as:
1. Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1, or HSV-1): also known as herpes simplex virus type 1, it primarily causes oral herpes (cold sores) but can also cause genital herpes.
2. Human herpesvirus 2 (HHV-2, or HSV-2): also known as herpes simplex virus type 2, it mainly causes genital herpes, although it can also cause oral herpes.
3. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV, or HHV-3): responsible for causing both chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster) infections.
After the initial infection, these viruses can remain dormant in the nervous system and reactivate later, leading to recurrent symptoms.
Betaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of herpesviruses, which are a type of double-stranded DNA viruses. This subfamily includes human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), as well as cytomegalovirus (CMV or HHV-5) in humans, and other species-specific betaherpesviruses in various animals.
These viruses are known to cause a range of clinical manifestations, from mild and self-limiting diseases to severe and life-threatening conditions, depending on the immune status of the host. For instance, primary infection with HHV-6 and HHV-7 typically occurs during early childhood and is usually asymptomatic or associated with a mild febrile illness, while reactivation of these viruses in immunocompromised individuals can lead to more severe complications.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause significant morbidity and mortality in newborns infected in utero, as well as in immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV/AIDS or transplant recipients. CMV is also a leading cause of congenital hearing loss and developmental disabilities in children.
Betaherpesvirinae viruses are characterized by their ability to establish latency in host cells, where they can remain dormant for extended periods before reactivating under certain conditions, such as immunosuppression or stress. Effective antiviral therapies and vaccines are available for some betaherpesviruses, but there is still no cure for the viral infection, and lifelong latency is common.
Herpesvirus 1, Suid (Suid Herpesvirus 1 or SHV-1), also known as Pseudorabies Virus (PrV), is a species of the genus Varicellovirus in the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae of the family Herpesviridae. It is a double-stranded DNA virus that primarily infects members of the Suidae family, including domestic pigs and wild boars. The virus can cause a range of symptoms known as Aujeszky's disease in these animals, which may include respiratory distress, neurological issues, and reproductive failures.
SHV-1 is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or their secretions, as well as through aerosol transmission. Although it does not typically infect humans, there have been rare cases of human infection, usually resulting from exposure to infected pigs or their tissues. In these instances, the virus may cause mild flu-like symptoms or more severe neurological issues.
SHV-1 is an important pathogen in the swine industry and has significant economic implications due to its impact on animal health and production. Vaccination programs are widely used to control the spread of the virus and protect susceptible pig populations.
I cannot provide a medical definition for "carps" as it is not a term used in medicine. The term "carp" refers to a type of freshwater fish that belongs to the family Cyprinidae. If you meant to ask about something else, please provide more context or clarify your question.
Medical Definition of "Herpesvirus 1, Human" (also known as Human Herpesvirus 1 or HHV-1):
Herpesvirus 1, Human is a type of herpesvirus that primarily causes infection in humans. It is also commonly referred to as human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) or oral herpes. This virus is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct contact with infected saliva, skin, or mucous membranes.
After initial infection, the virus typically remains dormant in the body's nerve cells and may reactivate later, causing recurrent symptoms. The most common manifestation of HHV-1 infection is oral herpes, characterized by cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth and lips. In some cases, HHV-1 can also cause other conditions such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and keratitis (inflammation of the eye's cornea).
There is no cure for HHV-1 infection, but antiviral medications can help manage symptoms and reduce the severity and frequency of recurrent outbreaks.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a type of herpesvirus that can cause infection in humans. It is characterized by the enlargement of infected cells (cytomegaly) and is typically transmitted through close contact with an infected person, such as through saliva, urine, breast milk, or sexual contact.
CMV infection can also be acquired through organ transplantation, blood transfusions, or during pregnancy from mother to fetus. While many people infected with CMV experience no symptoms, it can cause serious complications in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing cancer treatment or those who have HIV/AIDS.
In newborns, congenital CMV infection can lead to hearing loss, vision problems, and developmental delays. Pregnant women who become infected with CMV for the first time during pregnancy are at higher risk of transmitting the virus to their unborn child. There is no cure for CMV, but antiviral medications can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications in severe cases.
Viral proteins are the proteins that are encoded by the viral genome and are essential for the viral life cycle. These proteins can be structural or non-structural and play various roles in the virus's replication, infection, and assembly process. Structural proteins make up the physical structure of the virus, including the capsid (the protein shell that surrounds the viral genome) and any envelope proteins (that may be present on enveloped viruses). Non-structural proteins are involved in the replication of the viral genome and modulation of the host cell environment to favor viral replication. Overall, a thorough understanding of viral proteins is crucial for developing antiviral therapies and vaccines.
A viral genome is the genetic material (DNA or RNA) that is present in a virus. It contains all the genetic information that a virus needs to replicate itself and infect its host. The size and complexity of viral genomes can vary greatly, ranging from a few thousand bases to hundreds of thousands of bases. Some viruses have linear genomes, while others have circular genomes. The genome of a virus also contains the information necessary for the virus to hijack the host cell's machinery and use it to produce new copies of the virus. Understanding the genetic makeup of viruses is important for developing vaccines and antiviral treatments.
Viral envelope proteins are structural proteins found in the envelope that surrounds many types of viruses. These proteins play a crucial role in the virus's life cycle, including attachment to host cells, fusion with the cell membrane, and entry into the host cell. They are typically made up of glycoproteins and are often responsible for eliciting an immune response in the host organism. The exact structure and function of viral envelope proteins vary between different types of viruses.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Viral DNA refers to the genetic material present in viruses that consist of DNA as their core component. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is one of the two types of nucleic acids that are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in living organisms. Viruses are infectious agents much smaller than bacteria that can only replicate inside the cells of other organisms, called hosts.
Viral DNA can be double-stranded (dsDNA) or single-stranded (ssDNA), depending on the type of virus. Double-stranded DNA viruses have a genome made up of two complementary strands of DNA, while single-stranded DNA viruses contain only one strand of DNA.
Examples of dsDNA viruses include Adenoviruses, Herpesviruses, and Poxviruses, while ssDNA viruses include Parvoviruses and Circoviruses. Viral DNA plays a crucial role in the replication cycle of the virus, encoding for various proteins necessary for its multiplication and survival within the host cell.
A cell line is a culture of cells that are grown in a laboratory for use in research. These cells are usually taken from a single cell or group of cells, and they are able to divide and grow continuously in the lab. Cell lines can come from many different sources, including animals, plants, and humans. They are often used in scientific research to study cellular processes, disease mechanisms, and to test new drugs or treatments. Some common types of human cell lines include HeLa cells (which come from a cancer patient named Henrietta Lacks), HEK293 cells (which come from embryonic kidney cells), and HUVEC cells (which come from umbilical vein endothelial cells). It is important to note that cell lines are not the same as primary cells, which are cells that are taken directly from a living organism and have not been grown in the lab.
Virus replication is the process by which a virus produces copies or reproduces itself inside a host cell. This involves several steps:
1. Attachment: The virus attaches to a specific receptor on the surface of the host cell.
2. Penetration: The viral genetic material enters the host cell, either by invagination of the cell membrane or endocytosis.
3. Uncoating: The viral genetic material is released from its protective coat (capsid) inside the host cell.
4. Replication: The viral genetic material uses the host cell's machinery to produce new viral components, such as proteins and nucleic acids.
5. Assembly: The newly synthesized viral components are assembled into new virus particles.
6. Release: The newly formed viruses are released from the host cell, often through lysis (breaking) of the cell membrane or by budding off the cell membrane.
The specific mechanisms and details of virus replication can vary depending on the type of virus. Some viruses, such as DNA viruses, use the host cell's DNA polymerase to replicate their genetic material, while others, such as RNA viruses, use their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase enzymes. Understanding the process of virus replication is important for developing antiviral therapies and vaccines.
An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.
Virus latency
Rudolph E. Tanzi
STAT1
Foscarnet
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Peregrine falcon
Orthoherpesviridae
Herpes (disambiguation)
Herpes simplex virus
Infection
Epstein-Barr virus infection
Feline viral rhinotracheitis
Equid alphaherpesvirus 4
Liver
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4
Viral disease
Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 9
B virus
Human betaherpesvirus 5
Herpes virus
Roseola
Viral envelope
Macropodid alphaherpesvirus 1
Viviana Simon
Betaherpesvirinae
Equid alphaherpesvirus 9
T cell deficiency
Canid alphaherpesvirus 1
Neurotropic virus
Duck plague
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Diseases2
- Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. (wakehealth.edu)
- Herpesviridae is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain diseases in animals, including humans. (xshotpix.com)
Cytomegalovirus5
- Heterologous Immunity and Persistent Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection. (umassmed.edu)
- CD73 is dispensable for the regulation of inflationary CD8+ T-cells after murine cytomegalovirus infection and adenovirus immunisation. (ox.ac.uk)
- Here we utilised a CD73 knockout mouse model to assess the suppressive ability of CD73 on CD8+ T-cell classical memory and memory "inflation", induced by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection and adenovirus immunisation. (ox.ac.uk)
- Human Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the family Herpesviridae, also known as Human Herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). (medscape.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus and is a member of the Herpesviridae family. (medscape.com)
Subfamily3
- A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, causing infection involving several organs in mice and rats. (umassmed.edu)
- A subfamily of HERPESVIRIDAE characterized by variable reproductive cycles. (nih.gov)
- A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Varicella zoste2
- Failure to correctly diagnose and provide immediate treatment for varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in pregnant patients can lead to life-threatening complications for the mother, and serious congenital malformations to the fetus. (jucm.com)
- This image is composed of a montage of six transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images of viruses that are members of the Herpesviridae family including the chickenpox varicella zoster virus (VZV), also known as Human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3), and herpes simplex virus, type 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2). (cdc.gov)
Establish latent2
- One example is the herpes virus family, Herpesviridae, all of which establish latent infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Herpes and shingles are both caused by members of the Herpesviridae family of viruses, which can establish latent infections that remain dormant before reactivating at a later time under certain conditions. (lifeextension.com)
Humans1
- They all come from the large Herpesviridae family of DNA viruses that affect humans. (xshotpix.com)
Viral infection4
- A latent viral infection is a type of persistent viral infection which is distinguished from a chronic viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
- This argument is at odds with data from at least three independent studies showing Aβ fibrillization mediates host protective activities against viral infection. (alzforum.org)
- Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. (jefferson.edu)
- None of the therapies used as treatment gives a cure to the viral infection, once the drugs only have their effect during the virus active phase. (bvsalud.org)
Mice2
- This, and our finding in the same paper that HSV1 infection accelerates amyloidosis in 5XFAD mice, is nicely confirmed by the Ezzat et al. (alzforum.org)
- Coxsackie B virus infection of mice: inoculation by the oral route protects the pancreas from damage, but not from infection. (knaw.nl)
Persistent infections2
- NK cells controlling virus-specific T cells: Rheostats for acute vs. persistent infections. (umassmed.edu)
- CMV shares many attributes with other herpes viruses, including genome, virion structure, and the ability to cause latent and persistent infections. (medscape.com)
Family2
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) also known as Human herpes virus is a member of the herpes virus family, Herpesviridae. (rapidtest.com)
- The human herpes viruses (HHV) take part of a virus family - Herpesviridae- and these viruses have human as only host. (bvsalud.org)
Cutaneous1
- Complicated HSV infections, cutaneous and/or visceral dissemination, neonatal HSV infection, and severe infections in those who are immunocompromised should be treated promptly with intravenous acyclovir. (medscape.com)
Chronic1
- If chronic infection is established, however, high levels of PD-1 expression can have unfavorable immunological consequences. (frontiersin.org)
HERPESVIRUSES3
- Herpesviruses, such as the one that causes chickenpox and shingles, produce skin lesions that may resemble those seen early in smallpox infection. (duke.edu)
- Herpesviruses can cause both latent or lytic infections. (xshotpix.com)
- Although herpesviruses are ubiquitous in human populations, only a minority of people experience severe recurrent infections. (wustl.edu)
Susceptibility1
- However, abnormal NK cell functional responses were observed in nearly one-third of patients (including 3 with hyporesponsiveness to activating signals and 1 with markedly decreased CD11b expression associated with reduced cytotoxicity and degranulation), which might contribute to those individuals' susceptibility to herpesvirus infections. (wustl.edu)
Newborn1
- Newborn infection. (xshotpix.com)
Viruses that cause1
- In this protocol, you will learn about the viruses that cause herpes and shingles, and how these infections are conventionally treated. (lifeextension.com)
HSV14
- The notion that Aβ fibrils enhance HSV1 infection is not well-supported by the literature and is lacking direct evidence. (alzforum.org)
- The available data continue to support microbial seeding and entrapment as a means for antimicrobial protection and consequent amyloidosis in the brain following HSV1 infection. (alzforum.org)
- Patients with HSV1 infection who received antiherpetic drugs showed a lower risk of all types of dementia compared with the group without these drugs. (uran.ua)
- Diagnostic Automation HSV1 IgA elisa test kit is intended for use in evaluating a patient's serologic status to Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection, or for evaluating paired sera for the presence of a significant increase in herpes specific IgA. (rapidtest.com)
Recurrent3
- In patients who are immunocompromised and have recurrent HSV infections, acyclovir-resistant HSV strains have been identified, and treatment with intravenous foscarnet or cidofovir may be used. (medscape.com)
- The treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections depends on multiple factors, including the location and severity of the disease, immune status, pregnancy, primary or recurrent disease, and frequency of recurrences. (medscape.com)
- To investigate this hypothesis, we broadly analyzed NK cell phenotype and functional responses in a cohort of predominantly pediatric patients with recurrent and/or severe herpesvirus infections and compared them to a healthy control population. (wustl.edu)
Virus8
- Most herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are self-limited and treatment is not always indicated or necessary. (medscape.com)
- Latency is the phase in certain viruses' life cycles in which, after initial infection, proliferation of virus particles ceases. (wikipedia.org)
- To provide further evidence for the potential for disease emergence at the human-NHP interface, we report a human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in an eastern lowland gorilla (Grauer's gorilla, Gorilla beringei graueri ). (cdc.gov)
- Although there is no effective cure for herpes virus infections, several natural interventions may help reduce the frequency of outbreaks. (lifeextension.com)
- Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a double-stranded DNA virus that proliferates in the nuclei of host cells during lytic infection (reviewed in reference 1). (xshotpix.com)
- Upregulation of PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 is observed during acute virus infection and after infection with persistent viruses including important human pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV). (frontiersin.org)
- Anti-herpetic Medications and Reduced Risk of Dementia in Patients with Herpes Simplex Virus Infections-a Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan. (uran.ua)
- The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
Infant1
- One infant with HHV-6 variant B infection had concomitant Escherichia coli bacteremia and urinary tract infection. (johnshopkins.edu)
Asymptomatic1
- HSV is a common pathogen and its primary infection is usually asymptomatic. (rapidtest.com)
MeSH1
- Herpesviridae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
Lesions1
- HSV 1 is generally associated with oral infection and lesions above the waist, and HSV 2 is associated with genital infections and lesions below the waist. (rapidtest.com)
Acute2
- Experimental evidence suggests that insufficient signaling through the PD-1 pathway promotes immunopathology during acute infection by exaggerating primary T cell responses. (frontiersin.org)
- The role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis during viral infections is further complicated by evidence that PD-L1 also mediates inflammatory effects in the acute phase of an immune response. (frontiersin.org)
Severe4
- Recurrences are typically less severe than primary infections and are often heralded by a prodrome of burning pain or stinging prior to the herpetic eruption. (medscape.com)
- Long-term suppressive therapy should be considered in patients with frequent and severe infections, specifically patients with herpes-associated erythema multiforme or eczema herpeticum. (medscape.com)
- The majority of cases are caused by HSV-2, and, like HSV-1, the primary infection is typically more severe. (medscape.com)
- Being relatively immunosuppressed, pregnant women and their fetuses are at an increased risk of certain infections and are more susceptible to severe complications. (jucm.com)
Inflammation1
- The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional cranial nerves. (bvsalud.org)
Hypothesis1
- In conclusion, previously published data support the hypothesis that Aβ inhibits viral infections via an ancient, evolutionarily conserved, AMP agglutination pathway. (alzforum.org)
Cells2
- Using transmission electron microscopy, we observed virions consistent with herpesvirus in shape and size within the nucleus of syncytial cells and budding through the nuclear membrane ( Figure 1 , panel C.). Histopathology and transmission electron microscopy findings were essentially identical to findings from human HSV-1 infections ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- Attrition of T cell memory: selective loss of LCMV epitope-specific memory CD8 T cells following infections with heterologous viruses. (umassmed.edu)
Patients3
- Kaposi's sarcoma is thought of as an opportunistic infection, affecting patients whose immune systems have been compromised, as in the case of patients with HIV/AIDS. (cdc.gov)
- Most patients with CMV infection exhibit few clinical findings on physical examination. (medscape.com)
- In patients with HIV infection, CMV involves the entire GI tract. (medscape.com)
Frequent1
- We hypothesize that uncharacterized NK cell functional deficits predispose individuals to more significant or frequent herpesvirus infections and reactivations. (wustl.edu)
Primary5
- Primary infection with HSV-1 commonly presents a gingivostomatitis in children. (medscape.com)
- [ 51 ] The duration of treatment for primary HSV-1 infection is 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
- Primary CMV infection may be a cause of fever of unknown origin. (medscape.com)
- Symptoms, when apparent, develop 9-60 days after primary infection. (medscape.com)
- They are ubiquitous and latents, and once the primary infection has occurred, they stay within the host's organism for their entire life. (bvsalud.org)
Antiviral3
- Intravenous, oral, and topical antiviral medications are available for treatment of HSV infection and are most effective if used at the onset of symptoms. (medscape.com)
- However, it has recently been shown that Aβ-peptide has antiviral activity and protective effects against HSV infections in the brain. (uran.ua)
- Antiviral treatment is used for immunocompromised individuals who have eye infections or life-threatening illnesses due to CMV. (medscape.com)
Article1
- No article was found for Herpesviridae Infections and GRIN2C[original query] . (cdc.gov)
Disease1
- Alzheimer's Disease-Associated β-Amyloid Is Rapidly Seeded by Herpesviridae to Protect against Brain Infection. (uran.ua)
People1
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Herpesviridae Infections" by people in this website by year, and whether "Herpesviridae Infections" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
