A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)
Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.
A primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the gastrointestinal tract, most often in the jejunum, associated with a history of CELIAC DISEASE or other gastrointestinal diseases.
A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Prolamins in the endosperm of SEEDS from the Triticeae tribe which includes species of WHEAT; BARLEY; and RYE.
Rare, chronic, papulo-vesicular disease characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption consisting of various combinations of symmetrical, erythematous, papular, vesicular, or bullous lesions. The disease is strongly associated with the presence of HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens. A variety of different autoantibodies has been detected in small numbers in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.

Special histologic stains are rarely beneficial for the evaluation of HIV-related gastrointestinal infections. (1/14)

During a 28-month period, endoscopic mucosal biopsy specimens from all HIV-infected patients were submitted for routine histologic evaluation. Immunoperoxidase staining for cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus antigens (esophagus), mycobacterial and fungal staining, and Gram staining of mucosal biopsy specimens were done. Special fungal and acid-fast stains were selectively performed in patients with absolute CD4 cell counts of less than 200 cells per microliter (200 x 10(6)/L) and/or with diarrhea and or wasting syndrome. Treatment was based on the endoscopic and histologic findings, and long-term follow-up was performed. The 121 symptomatic HIV-infected patients underwent 221 upper and/or lower endoscopies with 285 biopsy sites. The sensitivity and specificity of H&E staining for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus were 97% and 100%, respectively. The results of fungal and mycobacterial stains neither altered therapy nor identified previously undiagnosed infections in any patient. Long-term follow-up revealed no patient in whom an infection was missed on routine H&E, which affected outcome. Routine H&E staining is accurate for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. Special histologic stains for fungal, mycobacterial, and viral infections did not increase the diagnostic yield or alter medical therapy but doubled the costs.  (+info)

Monocyte/macrophage traffic in HIV and SIV encephalitis. (2/14)

This short review focuses on the role of central nervous system (CNS) perivascular macrophages as targets of productive infection of the CNS. Data discussed include the importance of these cells as early targets of infection and their productive infection with AIDS. Many of the immune molecules on perivascular macrophages are also found on subsets of blood monocyte/macrophages, some of which are expanded during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These observations paired with the known bone marrow (BM) origin of perivascular macrophages and the BM as a site of HIV infection underscore the importance of the study of monocyte populations in the BM and blood, which are activated and infected as a source of virus that enters the CNS. Data presented and discussed herein suggest a role of HIV-infected BM-derived monocytes as "Trojan horse" cells that traffic to the CNS to become perivascular macrophages. The study of such cells including their timing of infection, activation, and traffic and the role of HIV-specific immune responses controlling their accumulation in the CNS warrant study with regard to CNS neuropathogenesis.  (+info)

HIV infection and the gastrointestinal immune system. (3/14)

 (+info)

Small intestine CD4+ cell reduction and enteropathy in simian/human immunodeficiency virus KS661-infected rhesus macaques in the presence of low viral load. (4/14)

 (+info)

Gastric and intestinal barrier impairment in tropical enteropathy and HIV: limited impact of micronutrient supplementation during a randomised controlled trial. (5/14)

 (+info)

Inflammation and epithelial cell injury in AIDS enteropathy: involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress. (6/14)

 (+info)

Detection of Dientamoeba fragilis in patients with HIV/AIDS by using a simplified iron hematoxylin technique. (7/14)

 (+info)

Enteropathies in the developing world: neglected effects on global health. (8/14)

 (+info)

HIV enteropathy is a term used to describe intestinal damage and dysfunction that can occur in people with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. It is thought to be caused by the direct effects of the virus on the cells lining the intestine, as well as by the immune response to the virus.

The main features of HIV enteropathy include increased permeability of the intestinal lining (which can lead to the leakage of bacteria and other particles into the bloodstream), inflammation, and malabsorption of nutrients. This can result in a range of symptoms, such as chronic diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and malnutrition.

It's important to note that HIV enteropathy is not the same as opportunistic infections (OIs) of the gastrointestinal tract, which can also occur in people with HIV/AIDS. OIs are caused by other infectious agents (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites) that take advantage of the weakened immune system in advanced HIV disease.

The diagnosis of HIV enteropathy is often one of exclusion, meaning that other potential causes of gastrointestinal symptoms must be ruled out first. Treatment typically involves addressing any underlying opportunistic infections or other conditions, as well as providing supportive care to manage symptoms and optimize nutritional status. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is also a critical component of treatment, as it can help to restore immune function and reduce intestinal damage caused by the virus.

Protein-losing enteropathies (PLE) refer to a group of conditions characterized by excessive loss of proteins from the gastrointestinal tract into the intestinal lumen and ultimately into the stool. This results in hypoproteinemia, which is a decrease in the concentration of proteins in the bloodstream, particularly albumin.

The protein loss can occur due to various reasons such as increased permeability of the intestinal mucosa, lymphatic obstruction, or inflammatory processes affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Common causes of PLE include conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal lymphangiectasia, celiac disease, Whipple's disease, and menetrier's disease.

Symptoms of PLE may include edema, ascites, weight loss, diarrhea, and fatigue. The diagnosis of PLE typically involves measuring the concentration of proteins in the stool, as well as other diagnostic tests to determine the underlying cause. Treatment of PLE depends on the underlying cause and may involve dietary modifications, medications, or surgical interventions.

Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare type of lymphoma that is associated with celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine triggered by gluten ingestion. EATL is a form of intestinal T-cell lymphoma and typically affects older adults, with a median age at diagnosis in the sixth to seventh decade of life.

EATL is characterized by the malignant transformation of T-cells, a type of white blood cell, that are present in the intestinal wall. The exact cause of EATL is not fully understood, but it is strongly associated with celiac disease and its complications, such as chronic inflammation and malabsorption.

Symptoms of EATL may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and intestinal obstruction or perforation. The diagnosis of EATL is typically made through a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, endoscopy with biopsy, and laboratory tests.

Treatment for EATL usually involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery to remove the affected portion of the intestine. The prognosis for patients with EATL is generally poor, with a five-year survival rate of less than 20%. However, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment may improve outcomes in some cases.

Celiac disease is a genetic autoimmune disorder in which the consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, leads to damage in the small intestine. In people with celiac disease, their immune system reacts to gluten by attacking the lining of the small intestine, leading to inflammation and destruction of the villi - finger-like projections that help absorb nutrients from food.

This damage can result in various symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, fatigue, anemia, and malnutrition. Over time, if left untreated, celiac disease can lead to serious health complications, including osteoporosis, infertility, neurological disorders, and even certain types of cancer.

The only treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet, which involves avoiding all foods, beverages, and products that contain gluten. With proper management, individuals with celiac disease can lead healthy lives and prevent further intestinal damage and related health complications.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

"Gluten" is not strictly defined as a medical term, but it refers to a group of proteins found in certain grains, including wheat, barley, and rye. Gluten gives these grains their elasticity and helps them maintain their shape, making it possible to bake breads and other baked goods.

From a medical perspective, gluten is significant because some people have adverse reactions to it. The two main conditions related to gluten are celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. In both cases, consuming gluten can lead to various symptoms such as gastrointestinal distress, fatigue, and skin rashes.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten causes damage to the small intestine lining, impairing nutrient absorption. On the other hand, non-celiac gluten sensitivity does not involve an immune response or intestinal damage but can still cause uncomfortable symptoms in some individuals.

It is essential to understand that a gluten-free diet should be medically recommended and supervised by healthcare professionals for those diagnosed with celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity, as it may lead to nutritional deficiencies if not properly managed.

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic, autoimmune blistering skin disorder that is characterized by the presence of symmetrical, pruritic (itchy), papulo-vesicular (papules and small fluid-filled blisters) eruptions on the extensor surfaces of the body, such as the elbows, knees, buttocks, and shoulders. It is often associated with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease, a condition that causes an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.

The exact cause of DH is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from the interaction between genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. The disorder is characterized by the presence of IgA antibodies in the skin, which trigger an immune response that leads to the formation of the characteristic rash.

DH is typically treated with a gluten-free diet, which can help to control the symptoms and prevent complications such as malabsorption and nutritional deficiencies. Medications such as dapsone may also be used to control the itching and blistering associated with the disorder. In some cases, topical corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms.

It is important to note that DH is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management and monitoring. People with DH should work closely with their healthcare provider to develop an appropriate treatment plan and monitor their progress over time.

"HIV Enteropathy - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-09. "eMedicine - Protein-Losing Enteropathy : Article ... Specific types of enteropathy include: Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma Environmental enteropathy, also known as tropical ... Protein losing enteropathy Radiation enteropathy Chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene If the condition also ... Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enteropathy Characterized by chronic diarrhea more than one month in duration with no ...
1990). "HIV-related enteropathy in Zambia: a clinical, microbiological, and histological study". The American Journal of ... 1990). "Impact of HIV on tuberculosis in Zambia: a cross sectional study". BMJ. 301 (6749): 412-415. doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6749. ... She has published numerous journal articles on HIV/AIDS. Luo was elected to parliament representing the Movement for Multi- ... Fleischman, Janet (2002). Suffering in Silence: The Links Between Human Rights Abuses and HIV Transmission to Girls in Zambia. ...
Environmental enteropathy is a less severe, subclinical condition similar to tropical sprue. Preventive measures for visitors ... Malabsorption can also be caused by protozoan infections, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, immunodeficiency, chronic pancreatitis and ... It appears to be a more severe form of environmental enteropathy. The illness usually starts with an attack of acute diarrhoea ... Coeliac disease (also known as coeliac sprue or gluten sensitive enteropathy), has similar symptoms to tropical sprue, with the ...
HIV-induced activation of GPR15 in enterocytes seems to cause HIV enteropathy accompanied with diarrhea and lipid malabsorption ... Maresca M, Mahfoud R, Garmy N, Kotler DP, Fantini J, Clayton F (2003). "The virotoxin model of HIV-1 enteropathy: involvement ... Cunningham AL, Li S, Juarez J, Lynch G, Alali M, Naif H (September 2000). "The level of HIV infection of macrophages is ... August 2005). "Use of alternate coreceptors on primary cells by two HIV-1 isolates". Virology. 339 (1): 136-144. doi:10.1016/j. ...
... dose multiple micronutrient supplementation improves villous morphology in environmental enteropathy without HIV enteropathy: ... Environmental enteropathy (EE or tropical enteropathy or environmental enteric dysfunction) is an acquired small intestinal ... Historically, environmental enteropathy has been prevalent in LMICs. The geographic distribution of environmental enteropathy ... and may be continuous in children with environmental enteropathy. Nutrient availability for growth in environmental enteropathy ...
These include blood cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphoma, or myeloma, HIV, nephrotic syndrome, poor ... nutrition, protein-losing enteropathy, getting an organ transplant, or radiation therapy. This also includes medications which ...
... or HIV enteropathy, among others. There is no good evidence that gluten-free diets are an alternative medical treatment for ...
... hiv enteropathy MeSH C06.405.469.420 - ileal diseases MeSH C06.405.469.420.501 - ileal neoplasms MeSH C06.405.469.420.520 - ...
... hiv enteropathy MeSH C20.673.480.500 - hiv seropositivity MeSH C20.673.480.520 - hiv wasting syndrome MeSH C20.673.483.260 - ... hiv-associated lipodystrophy syndrome MeSH C20.673.480.480 - ...
Yegorov S, Joag V, Galiwango RM, Good SV, Okech B, Kaul R (2019). "Impact of Endemic Infections on HIV Susceptibility in Sub- ... Protein-losing enteropathy Partial or complete bowel obstruction Appendicitis (rare) Approximately 10-50% of people living in ... In women, genitourinary disease can also include genital lesions that may lead to increased rates of HIV transmission. If ... S. mansoni infection epidemiologically overlaps with high HIV prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa, where gastrointestinal ...
... hiv enteropathy MeSH C02.782.815.616.400.500 - hiv seropositivity MeSH C02.782.815.616.400.520 - hiv wasting syndrome MeSH ... hiv enteropathy MeSH C02.800.801.400.500 - hiv seropositivity MeSH C02.800.801.400.520 - hiv wasting syndrome MeSH C02.825. ... hiv infections MeSH C02.782.815.616.400.040 - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome MeSH C02.782.815.616.400.048 - aids arteritis ... hiv infections MeSH C02.800.801.400.040 - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome MeSH C02.800.801.400.048 - aids arteritis, central ...
Aug 2003). "Comparison of diagnostic techniques for porcine proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis infection)". ... "The Warthin-Starry stain in the diagnosis of small intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-infected patients" (PDF). Folia ...
Risk factors for gastric lymphoma include the following: Helicobacter pylori Long-term immunosuppressant drug therapy HIV ... lymphomas involving the stomach include mantle cell lymphoma and T-cell lymphomas which may be associated with enteropathy; the ...
While it is not clear what role A1 has in infectious disease, some linkage with infection rates in HIV remain associated within ... The A1-B8-DR3-DQ2 haplotype has a known association with Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, approximately 70% of patients ... viral induced hepatitis and accelerated progression of HIV are examples. A1 with B8 showed an increase risk of measles ...
Maurer TA (2005). "Dermatologic manifestations of HIV infection" (PDF). Top HIV Med. 13 (5): 149-54. PMID 16377853. Archived ... Immune dysfunction-polyendocrinopathy-enteropathy-X-linked syndrome Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome Johanson-Blizzard syndrome ... Exanthem of primary HIV infection (acute retroviral syndrome) Farmyard pox Generalized vaccinia Genital herpes (herpes ... Granuloma annulare in HIV disease Granuloma multiforme (Mkar disease, granuloma multiforme (Leiker)) Hand-Schüller-Christian ...
sIL-2Rα amount in plasma of HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus) positive patients has a correlation to HIV viral load and so to ... Enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, caused by mutations in FOXP3 gene. Levels of CD25 soluble form, called sIL-2Rα, has been ...
Xia D, Morgan EA, Berger D, Pinkus GS, Ferry JA, Zukerberg LR (January 2019). "NK-Cell Enteropathy and Similar Indolent ... Risk factors for common types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas include autoimmune diseases, HIV/AIDS, infection with human T- ... natural killer cell enteropathy, a disease wherein NK cell infiltrative lesions occur in the intestine, colon, stomach, or ... nasal type Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma Blastic NK cell lymphoma Mycosis fungoides/ ...
Aziz S, Fackler OT, Meyerhans A, Müller-Lantzsch N, Zeitz M, Schneider T (January 2005). "Replication of M-tropic HIV-1 in ... and enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma. The chief ligand for αEβ7 is E-cadherin, a cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) found ...
Kaku M, Simpson DM (November 2014). "HIV neuropathy". Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS. 9 (6): 521-6. doi:10.1097/COH. ... About 25% of the patients will have evidence of enteropathy on biopsy (CD [celiac disease]) but the presence or absence of an ... Gonzalez-Duarte A, Cikurel K, Simpson DM (August 2007). "Managing HIV peripheral neuropathy". Current HIV/AIDS Reports. 4 (3): ... HIV Sarcoidosis Cryoglobulinemia Reactions to exposure to chemical agents, including trichloroethylene and dapsone[medical ...
In HIV infection, these T cells are the main index to identify the individual's immune system integrity. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells ... protein-losing enteropathy, strenuous exercise, carcinoma Immune dysfunction - arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren ...
Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2014 Dec;75(12):691-7. Non-infectious respiratory disease in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Jose RJ1 ... nasal type Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma Intestinal T-cell ... Infectious respiratory disease in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Jose RJ1, Dickey BF, Brown JS. PMID: 25488531 doi: ...
Additionally, Treg cells can be infected by HIV, increasing the size of the HIV reservoir directly. Thus, Treg cells are being ... Enteropathy X-linked (IPEX) syndrome. The IPEX syndrome is characterized by the development of overwhelming systemic ... Kleinman AJ, Sivanandham R, Pandrea I, Chougnet CA, Apetrei C (2018). "Regulatory T Cells As Potential Targets for HIV Cure ... Treg cells play major roles during HIV infection. They suppress the immune system, thus limiting target cells and reducing ...
Children with chronic diseases like HIV have a higher risk of malnutrition, since their bodies cannot absorb nutrients as well ... environmental enteropathy, nutrition, and early child development: making the links". Annals of the New York Academy of ...
Protein-losing enteropathy is an abnormal loss of protein from the digestive tract. It can also refer to the inability of the ... Protein-losing enteropathy is an abnormal loss of protein from the digestive tract. It can also refer to the inability of the ... Protein-losing enteropathy is an abnormal loss of protein from the digestive tract. It can also refer to the inability of the ... There are many causes of protein-losing enteropathy. Conditions that cause serious inflammation in the intestines can lead to ...
For those living with HIV, identifying the causes for diarrhea can help to determine the right treatments for long-term ... Diarrhea is one of the most common complications of HIV. It can be severe or mild, and it can be ongoing. ... a person with HIV who has diarrhea for more than a month is diagnosed with HIV enteropathy when no other cause is found. ... HIV-1 is one of the two types of HIV. Worldwide, most people with HIV have HIV-1. We explain HIV-1 transmission, symptoms, ...
"HIV Enteropathy - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-09. "eMedicine - Protein-Losing Enteropathy : Article ... Specific types of enteropathy include: Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma Environmental enteropathy, also known as tropical ... Protein losing enteropathy Radiation enteropathy Chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene If the condition also ... Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enteropathy Characterized by chronic diarrhea more than one month in duration with no ...
Lactose intolerance is a common disorder and is due to the inability to digest lactose into its constituents, glucose and galactose, secondary to low levels of lactase enzyme in the brush border of the duodenum. Lactase deficiency is the most common form of disaccharidase deficiency.
HIV Enteropathy HIV Wasting Syndrome HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome HMG-CoA synthase 2 deficiency ... congenital diarrhea 7 with exudative enteropathy Congenital Dislocation of Hip, with Hyperextensibility of Fingers and Facial ...
Categories: HIV Enteropathy Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 5 ...
This constellation of pathology is reminiscent of HIV enteropathy [13,14].. Recent reports have implicated MV as one possible ... not unlike the intestinal inflammation seen on patients with other viral infections such as HIV-associated enteropathy ( ... As controls, the study used 8 cases of either healthy children or children with SSPE, SLE or HIV-1. The results were:. * 1/8 ... This tissue from the lymph glands has been stained with an antibody specific for HIV. You see the distribution of the protein ...
Pursuing Research on HIV Comorbidities, Coinfections, and Complications (DP1- Clinical Trial Optional) PAR-23-024. NIDDK ... For example, loss of intestinal epithelial barrier function in HIV-associated enteropathy may result in systemic inflammation ... While these HIV CCCs also occur in people without HIV, there are important and unique biological mechanisms underlying their ... The guidelines for allocation of HIV funding have been described most recently described in NOT-20-018, UPDATE: NIH HIV/AIDS ...
Candida should always prompt testing for HIV and diabetes.. *IPEX syndrome (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, ... enteropathy, X-linked). *IL-2 receptor alpha-chain deficiency. *CARD9 deficiency. Best Tests. Copy. Subscription Required ...
Radiation enteropathy, drugs for HIV/AIDS or previous bariatric surgery may be overlooked. Immunocompromised patients, in ...
Antibody testing may be inaccurate if the patient has liver disease, severe renal disease, protein-losing enteropathy, HIV ... Antibody testing may be inaccurate if the patient has liver disease, severe renal disease, protein-losing enteropathy, HIV ... Coeliac disease is defined as an autoimmune enteropathy of the small intestine, caused by exposure to dietary gluten in ... Coeliac disease is defined as an autoimmune enteropathy of the small intestine, caused by exposure to dietary gluten in ...
"HIV immunization - neutralization and beyond". *25.09.2007. Johnson Mak, Melbourne. "HIV assembly - from a probe of lipid ... "Mitogenic signaling pathways involved in lentivirus-induced acute lethal enteropathy". *26.10.2004. Olivier Schwartz, Paris. " ... "HIV-1 induced disassembly of stress granules". *22.07.2014. Baek Kim, Atlanta. "Restricting HIV-1 reverse transcription ... "Determining the quantity of Gag in the HIV virion". *27.01.2004. Carsten Münk, Langen. "Post-entry restrictions of HIV-1 in ...
Research snapshot1 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression is often marked by enteropathy, which contributes to ... FEX: Review of evidence of role of nutrition in HIV infection. Summary of published research1 A HIV infected mother and HIV ... Zambia has a generalised HIV epidemic, where more than 900,000 Zambians are living with HIV (PLHIV), with 280,000 on ART6. ... FEX: HIV/AIDS Home Based Care in Zimbabwe. By Hisham Khogali Hisham Khogali is currently the Senior Food Security Officer of ...
Enteropathy, an inflammatory chronic syndrome typically affecting long-term HIV/AIDS survivors, brings on chronic diarrhea. We ... FDA for the symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adults with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy and the only oral ... is an antidiarrheal indicated for the symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on ... for the indications of inflammatory diarrhea and HIV-related diarrhea. The preliminary terms under discussion include an ...
The efficacy of different novel HIV-1 immunogens based on the conserved and/or functional protective site of HIV-1 proteome has ... Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a well-known neutrophil-related tissue factor released during enteropathy that could drive gut-derived ... Therapeutic vaccination is an alternative approach to alter the HIV-1 infection course. It can induce effective HIV-1-specific ... Mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic and reduced outpatient HIV and syphilis testing in Brazil Original Article. ...
She died at age 6 years and 8 months following a persistent VZV keratitis and HIV enteropathy. Autopsy permission was denied. ... Encephalitis due to HIV occurred in the two patients in whom HIV was identified in the ectatic arteries and either absent or ... Vasculitis due to HIV is another possible cause of CACA and evidence of this infection was suggested by detection of HIV ... HIV vasculitis is also a possibility, as suggested by the detection of HIV protein or genomic material in two of the four ...
HIV disease. IgA nephropathy has been reported in patients with HIV infection, both whites and blacks, despite the rarity of ... Gluten enteropathy (celiac disease). Glomerular IgA deposition occurs in up to a third of patients with gluten enteropathy. ... HIV infection and the kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997 Jan. 8(1):138-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
Ficarra G. Oral ulcers in HIV-infected patients: an update on epidemiology and diagnosis. Oral Dis. 1997 May. 3 Suppl 1:S183-9 ... GI disorders, such as regional enteropathy (Crohn disease), ulcerative colitis, and celiac disease (gluten-sensitive ... Systemic disorders: Disorders such as cyclic neutropenia, Reiter syndrome, Behçet disease, or HIV infection may result in ... Effects of dietary gluten elimination in patients with recurrent minor aphthous stomatitis and no detectable gluten enteropathy ...
Serum Bovine Immunoglobulins Improve Inflammation and Gut Barrier Function in Persons with HIV and Enteropathy on Suppressive ... Relationship of self-reported prior testing history to undiagnosed HIV positivity and HIV risk. Current HIV research, 7 6, 580- ... HIV, 5 1, e23-e34. Rai, Mohammad A; Pannek, Sam; Fichtenbaum, Carl J 2018. Emerging reverse transcriptase inhibitors for HIV-1 ... Pilot Integration of HIV Screening and Healthcare Settings with Multi- Component Social Network and Partner Testing for HIV ...
A Potential Role for Host-Microbe Dysbiosis in Enteropathy Associated with HIV Infection, Immune Complex Diseases. Editorial: J ... Vitamin D and HIV Infection: A Systematic Review. Review Article: J Immunodefic Disor 2014, 3:1. DOI: 10.4172/2324-853X.1000107 ... Mast Cells as Reservoirs for HIV Latency. Editorial: J Immunodefic Disor 2013, 2:1. DOI: 10.4172/2324-853X.1000e108. Silvia ...
Celiac disease -gluten enteropathy or gluten intolerance * Chronic infections, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid ... Infections involving the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS and Epstein-Barr virus ...
Immune deficiencies: Ulcers (aphthous-like ulcers) may be seen in patients with HIV, neutropenias, and some other immune ... gluten-sensitive enteropathy) but, occasionally, Crohn disease, pernicious anemia, and dermatitis herpetiformis. HLA DRW10 and ... or immune defects such as HIV/AIDS. [3] ...
keywords = "Antibody microarrays, Epithelial cells, HIV enteropathy, Micropatterned co-cultures, Mucosal immune system, T- ... Financial support for this work was provided in part by the California Research Center for the Biology of HIV in Minorities, ... Financial support for this work was provided in part by the California Research Center for the Biology of HIV in Minorities, ... Here, we describe a novel approach for creating co-cultures of healthy or HIV-infected T-lymphocytes (Jurkat) and human ...
Bovine Immunoglobulin Improves Duodenal Immune Reconstitution and Absorption Function in Patients with HIV Enteropathy. Aids. ...
HIV enteropathy (HIVE) and Slim disease (SD): historical and current perspectives. International Journal of Infectious Diseases ... Plasmatic HIV-1 soluble gp120 is associated with correlates of immune dysfunction and inflammation in ART-treated individuals ... Screening for tuberculosis infection and effectiveness of preventive treatment among people living with HIV in low-incidence ...
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Infecções por HIV/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Mucosa ... Transcriptomic analysis of enteropathy in Zambian children with severe acute malnutrition. Chama, Mubanga; Amadi, Beatrice C; ... Infecções por HIV , Enteropatias , Adulto , Criança , Infecções por HIV/patologia , Humanos , Enteropatias/metabolismo , ... eight HIV-negative and three HIV-positive), six adults without EE in Boston, United States, and two adults in Durban, South ...
Simian immunodeficiency virus-induced intestinal cell apoptosis is the underlying mechanism of the regenerative enteropathy of ... HIV and inflammation: mechanisms and consequences. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2012;9(2):139-47. doi: 10.1007/s11904-012-0118-8 ... Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2017;14(3):93-100. PubMed PMID: ... Montreal Primary Hiv Infection Study tCCoHIVSP, the Canadian HIV, Aging Cohort G. Plasma Levels of C-Type Lectin REG3alpha and ...
HIV status and CD4 count were determined annually. HIV seroprevalence was 31% and the prevalence of immunosuppression (CD4 ... HIV has an impact on intestinal infection at all stages, with an increased disease-to-infection ratio. The aggregation of ... and there is currently great interest in the impact of HIV on intestinal barrier function. A three year longitudinal cohort ... was used to assess the impact of HIV on susceptibility to intestinal infectious disease. We measured the incidence and ...
  • In pigs, porcine proliferative enteropathy is a diarrheal disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) is the etiologic agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), which is reported in many swine breeding countries all over the world, and has caused enormous economic losses in intensive pig production systems. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Celiac disease is also known by other names including celiac sprue , non-tropical sprue, and gluten enteropathy. (medicinenet.com)
  • A differential diagnosis of infections {amoebiasis, giardiasis}, Celiac disease, cystic fibrosis, congenital immunodeficiencies, liver disease and protein losing enteropathy should be considered in this child. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • Since diarrhea started at one month of age, celiac disease seems unlikely and since albumin: globulin ratio is maintained, protein losing enteropathy may be unlikely. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • Protein-losing enteropathy is an abnormal loss of protein from the digestive tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There are many causes of protein-losing enteropathy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The health care provider will treat the condition that caused protein-losing enteropathy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Primary antibody deficiency syndromes include congenital and acquired antibody deficiencies but not those secondary to other diseases such as myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, or protein losing enteropathy. (bmj.com)
  • Specific types of enteropathy include: Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma Environmental enteropathy, also known as tropical enteropathy An incompletely defined syndrome of inflammation related to the quality of the environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • 17. HIV-related plasmablastic lymphoma causing extensive bone destruction in the mandible. (nih.gov)
  • The number of women with HIV infection and AIDS has been increasing steadily worldwide. (nih.gov)
  • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 16 million women are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide, accounting for 46 percent of the 32.4 million adults living with HIV/AIDS. (nih.gov)
  • As HIV/AIDS research becomes more focused, there is growing evidence that alcohol consumption may play an important role in sexual transmission, susceptibility to infection, and progression of HIV disease among women. (nih.gov)
  • Special emphasis will be given to research which examines the effectiveness of interventions that extend beyond the level of the individual woman, with the aim of bringing all of the resources of a given community to bear on the twin epidemics of alcohol and other substance abuse and HIV/AIDS. (nih.gov)
  • Such research will encompass secondary analysis of existing data sets from studies of HIV/AIDS among women. (nih.gov)
  • The community-level focus of this RFA is, in turn, consistent with goals articulated by the international AIDS research community in its attempt to stem the spread of HIV/AIDS in resource poor areas of the world. (nih.gov)
  • and those with prior research experience in the area of co- occurring HIV/AIDS and alcohol and other substance abuse. (nih.gov)
  • HIV/AIDS is now the third leading cause of death among women ages 25 to 44 and the leading cause of death among African American women in this age group. (nih.gov)
  • There is a strong association between the abuse of alcohol and other substances and the acquisition and progression of HIV/AIDS among women. (nih.gov)
  • and those with p rior research experience in the area of co-occurring HIV/AIDS and alcohol and other substance abuse. (nih.gov)
  • and they were free, effectively available to the majority of pulmonary TB is the commonest severe AIDS- the people who are infected with HIV. (who.int)
  • [ 2 ] . Ulcers with similar clinical features but rarely resolving spontaneously with age may be associated with systemic conditions such as Behçet syndrome, auto-inflammatory syndromes, gastrointestinal disease, or immune defects such as HIV/AIDS . (medscape.com)
  • MYTESI is an anti-diarrheal indicated for the symptomatic relief of non-infectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on anti-retroviral therapy. (nih.gov)
  • Known conditions like multiple myeloma (a type of blood cancer) and HIV/AIDs. (cura4u.com)
  • AIDS, HIV is a viral infection that destroys the white blood cells and weakens the immune system. (planetayurveda.net)
  • A key example is seen with the depletion of T cells, mediated by infections such as from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the severe secondary immune deficiencies that develop, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • HIV/AIDS treatment IRIS complicates recovery of immune status. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Estimation of the prevalence of AIDS, opportunistic infections, and standard of care among patients with HIV/AIDS receiving care along the U.S.-Mexico border through the Special Projects of National Significance: a cross-sectional study. (ouhsc.edu)
  • However, the impact of HEV infections in communities heavily affected by HIV remains poorly studied. (nih.gov)
  • Most cure-related research on HIV has been limited to subtype B virus, which constitutes the majority of infections in North America, South America, Australia, and Western Europe, with the highest prevalence in cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM). (nih.gov)
  • Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (ouhsc.edu)
  • Glomerular IgA deposition occurs in up to a third of patients with gluten enteropathy. (medscape.com)
  • 2,5 In addition, they may have long term complications, such as enteropathy leading to malabsorption and anaemia. (bmj.com)
  • Eosinophilic enteropathy A condition in which eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract and in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) encourages applications that primarily focuses on HIV-1 reservoirs in anatomical sites relevant to its mission, particularly the gastrointestinal mucosa, liver, kidney, male genital tract, and adipose tissue depots including those at ectopic sites. (nih.gov)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enteropathy Characterized by chronic diarrhea more than one month in duration with no obvious infectious cause in an HIV-positive individual. (wikipedia.org)
  • Family physicians who care for patients with HIV infection have a key role in identifying and managing many of these chronic complications. (nih.gov)
  • A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an HIV -positive individual. (bvsalud.org)
  • Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection often develop complications related directly to the infection, as well as to treatment. (nih.gov)
  • HIV-associated neurologic complications encompass a wide spectrum of pathophysiology and symptomatology. (nih.gov)
  • However, diarrhea secondary to ART and HIV enteropathy is common in HIV-infected persons. (nih.gov)
  • Although enteritis specifically refers to an inflammation of the intestine, and is thus a more specific term than "enteropathy", the two phrases are sometimes used interchangeably. (wikipedia.org)
  • Farmer and his colleagues stress the importance of should include a CD4 count, as accurate diagnosis both prevention and treatment of HIV, in the light of and appropriate selection of patients for treatment is an unparallelled global catastrophe (1). (who.int)
  • HIV enteropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (bvsalud.org)
  • Additionally, one study of replication-competent persistent reservoirs in subtype C infection in Uganda demonstrated a smaller overall reservoir size as compared to individuals with subtype B infection in the U.S. These few studies indicate more research is needed to understand how HIV reservoir dynamics and immune control vary in diverse populations. (nih.gov)
  • A clinical study of a medication to treat the immune disorder common variable immune deficiency (CVID) enteropathy. (nih.gov)
  • In the United States, although subtype B is predominant, the prevalence of non-subtype B HIV is increasing. (nih.gov)
  • High HBV and HCV prevalence have been reported in southern Africa, where HIV prevalence is also high ( 13 ). (cdc.gov)
  • National Institute on Allergy and Infectious Disease-sponsored cohort studies in the U. S. have found that factors associated with an increased risk of heterosexual HIV transmission include alcohol use, history of childhood sexual abuse, current domestic abuse, and use of crack/cocaine. (nih.gov)
  • Community-based treatment of advanced HIV or in collaboration with the North, including disease: introducing DOT-HAART. (who.int)
  • Gene editing in HSC has advanced to clinical trials for several conditions (such as HIV, thalassemia) and is coming to the clinic for several more conditions, including some types of PI, sickle cell disease, and other illnesses. (primaryimmune.org)
  • Thought to be due to direct or indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • HEV data were correlated with HIV status and morphometric analysis of small intestinal biopsies. (nih.gov)
  • We set out to examine age-related seroprevalence in a community where we have previously carried out studies on environmental enteropathy. (nih.gov)
  • Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its association with dolutegravir-based regimen among people with HIV in Zambia: can we predict MetS using cheaper and easily accessible biomarkers in resource-limited settings? (vumc.org)
  • CD55 / DAF deficiency / CHAPLE syndrome is hyper activation of angiopathic thrombosis and severe losing enteropathy. (planetayurveda.net)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) encourages applications in basic, preclinical, or clinical research studies using existing human samples to analyze and compare HIV human reservoir establishment, dynamics, persistence, and post-treatment control in diverse cohorts of people living with HIV. (nih.gov)
  • Recent reports indicate that HEV coinfections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may have a more protracted course. (nih.gov)
  • This Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) is to highlight NIAID s interest in HIV cure-related research in diverse cohorts of people living with HIV to determine similarities and differences in the establishment and dynamics of persistent non-subtype B HIV reservoirs, as well as in post-treatment control of viremia. (nih.gov)
  • Enteropathy refers to any pathology of the intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Crofelemer is the first US FDA-approved drug for symptomatic relief in HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) who have non-infectious diarrhea. (nih.gov)
  • A clinical study to evaluate if a chemotherapy treatment regimen used to treat cancer is also effective in treating the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (nih.gov)
  • We tested blood samples from HIV-uninfected and -infected populations of women and men enrolled in research studies in Malawi during 1989-2008 to determine the seroprevalence of HEV, hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). (cdc.gov)
  • Cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions are common among persons with HIV infection. (nih.gov)
  • In adults, villous height and crypt depth measurements showed that HEV seropositivity was associated with worse enteropathy (P = .05 and P = .005, respectively). (nih.gov)
  • This article provides a nice overview of HIV-associated wasting. (cancernetwork.com)
  • This article provides a nice overview of HIV-associated wasting.The paper makes a number of strong points. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Efficacy and safety of crofelemer for noninfectious diarrhea in HIV-seropositive individuals (ADVENT trial): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-stage study. (nih.gov)
  • Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution in patients infected with HIV . (nih.gov)
  • With increasing knowledge of the dimensions of the HIV epidemic in parts of Asia and Africa has come heightened awareness of the critical importance of involving community members as equal partners in every aspect of the research process. (nih.gov)
  • Almost 70% of all people living with HIV worldwide live in Sub-Saharan Africa and over 50% are cisgender women. (nih.gov)
  • Improving the Immunogenicity of Native-like HIV-1 Envelope Trimers by Hyperstabilization Cell Rep. 2017 Aug 22;20(8):1805-1817. (moleculardepot.com)
  • A total of 696 HIV-positive patients in three placebo-controlled trials received MYTESI for a mean duration of 78 days. (nih.gov)
  • The availability of crofelemer will likely have a positive impact on the quality of life in HIV-infected persons and also increase compliance to ART. (nih.gov)
  • No clear trends over time were observed in the seroprevalence of HEV, and HIV status was not associated with hepatitis seroprevalence. (cdc.gov)
  • Relevant objectives identified in the plan include: - Characterize the relative importance of alcohol use in the acquisition and subsequent transmission of HIV in order to identify and apply appropriate alcohol use interventions as public health measures. (nih.gov)
  • The goal of this Program Announcement is to encourage multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and collaborative studies that focus on a range of epidemiologic and intervention issues within HIV and alcohol among women. (nih.gov)
  • Studies including samples from people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are encouraged. (nih.gov)
  • 3: Huybens N, Houeix J, Licois D, Mainil J, Marlier D. Pyrosequencing of epizootic rabbit enteropathy inocula and rabbit caecal samples Vet J. 2013 Apr;196(1):109-10. (moleculardepot.com)
  • HIV envelope trimer-elicited autologous neutralizing antibodies bind a region overlapping the N332 glycan supersite Sci Adv. 2020 Jun 5;6(23):eaba0512. (moleculardepot.com)
  • Studies designed to develop and utilize relevant, non-subtype B HIV model systems and assays will also be supported. (nih.gov)
  • In these studies,weight loss occurred in HIV-infected patients despite caloricintakes above their calculated requirements. (cancernetwork.com)