Equidae
African horse sickness virus
Colic
Equine Infectious Anemia
Hoof and Claw
Perissodactyla
Physical Conditioning, Animal
Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine
Fusariotoxicosis from barley in British Columbia. I. Natural occurrence and diagnosis. (1/1799)
Clinical sickness was observed in domestic ducks, geese, horses and swine during October 1973. All species showed upper alimentary distress with mortalities occurring in the geese. Barley derived from a common source had been fed. Examination of the barley revealed invasion by Fusarium spp and detection of a high level of dermatitic fusariotoxins. (+info)Urethrorectal fistula in a horse. (2/1799)
Anomalies of the urethra are uncommon. Urethrorectal fistula in horses has only been reported in foals and only in conjunction with other congenital anomalies. This report describes the diagnosis, surgical management, and possible etiologies of a unique case of urethrorectal fistula in a mature gelding. (+info)Mediators of anaphylaxis but not activated neutrophils augment cholinergic responses of equine small airways. (3/1799)
Neutrophilic inflammation in small airways (SA) and bronchospasm mediated via muscarinic receptors are features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in horses (COPD). Histamine, serotonin, and leukotrienes (LTs) are reported to be involved in the exacerbation of COPD, and currently, histamine has been shown to increase tension response to electrical field simulation (EFS) in equine SA. We tested the effects of these mediators and the effects of activated neutrophils on the cholinergic responses in SA. Histamine, serotonin, and LTD4 had a synergistic effect on EFS responses and only an additive effect on the tension response to exogenous ACh or methacholine. Atropine and TTX entirely eliminated the EFS-induced tension response in the presence of all three inflammatory mediators, indicating that augmentation of the EFS response applies only to the endogenous cholinergic response. Neutrophils isolated from control and COPD-affected horses were activated by zymosan, producing 18.1 +/- 2.3 and 25.0 +/- 2.3 nmol superoxide. 10(6) cells-1. 30 min-1, respectively. However, in contrast to the profound effect of mediators, incubation of SA for over 1 h in a suspension of up to 30 x 10(6) zymosan-treated neutrophils/ml did not significantly affect EFS responses of SA isolated from either control or COPD-affected horses. We conclude that in equine SA 1) the endogenous cholinergic responses are subject to strong facilitation by inflammatory mediators; 2) activated neutrophils do not affect cholinergic responses in SA; and 3) in acute bouts of equine COPD, histamine, LTD4, and serotonin (mediators primarily associated with type I allergic reaction) rather than mediators derived from neutrophils most likely contribute to increased cholinergic airway tone. (+info)Ballistic shock wave lithotripsy in an 18-year-old thoroughbred gelding. (4/1799)
Prolonged postoperative recuperation time and restricted exercise were circumvented by using ballistic shock wave lithotripsy to break up an 8-cm diameter vesical calculus and by flushing out the sand-like residue under epidural anesthesia with the horse standing. Recovery was uneventful. (+info)Amylopectinosis in fetal and neonatal Quarter Horses. (5/1799)
Three Quarter Horses, a stillborn filly (horse No. 1), a female fetus aborted at approximately 6 months of gestation (horse No. 2), and a 1-month-old colt that had been weak at birth (horse No. 3), had myopathy characterized histologically by large spherical or ovoid inclusions in skeletal and cardiac myofibers. Smaller inclusions were also found in brain and spinal cord and in some cells of all other tissues examined. These inclusions were basophilic, red-purple after staining with periodic acid-Schiff (both before and after digestion with diastase), and moderately dark blue after staining with toluidine blue. The inclusions did not react when stained with Congo red. Staining with iodine ranged from pale blue to black. Their ultrastructural appearance varied from amorphous to somewhat filamentous. On the basis of staining characteristics and diastase resistance, we concluded that these inclusions contained amylopectin. A distinctly different kind of inclusion material was also present in skeletal muscle and tongue of horse Nos. 1 and 3. These inclusions were crystalline with a sharply defined ultrastructural periodicity. The crystals were eosinophilic and very dark blue when stained with toluidine blue but did not stain with iodine. Crystals sometimes occurred freely within the myofibers but more often were encased by deposits of amylopectin. This combination of histologic and ultrastructural features characterizes a previously unreported storage disease in fetal and neonatal Quarter Horses, with findings similar to those of glycogen storage disease type IV. We speculate that a severe inherited loss of glycogen brancher enzyme activity may be responsible for these findings. The relation of amylopectinosis to the death of the foals is unknown. (+info)Genetic divergence with emergence of novel phenotypic variants of equine arteritis virus during persistent infection of stallions. (6/1799)
The persistently infected carrier stallion is the critical natural reservoir of equine arteritis virus (EAV), as venereal infection of mares frequently occurs after breeding to such stallions. Two Thoroughbred stallions that were infected during the 1984 outbreak of equine viral arteritis in central Kentucky subsequently became long-term EAV carriers. EAV genomes amplified from the semen of these two stallions were compared by sequence analysis of the six 3' open reading frames (ORFs 2 through 7), which encode the four known structural proteins and two uncharacterized glycoproteins. The major variants of the EAV population that sequentially arose within the reproductive tract of each carrier stallion varied by approximately 1% per year, and the heterogeneity of the viral quasispecies increased during the course of long-term persistent infection. The various ORFs of the dominant EAV variants evolved independently, and there was apparently strong selective pressure on the uncharacterized GP3 protein during persistent infection. Amino acid changes also occurred in the V1 variable region of the GL protein. This region has been previously identified as a crucial neutralization domain, and selective pressures exerted on the V1 region during persistent EAV infection led to the emergence of virus variants with distinct neutralization properties. Thus, evolution of the EAV quasispecies that occurs during persistent infection of the stallion clearly can influence viral phenotypic properties such as neutralization and perhaps virulence. (+info)Genetic and phenotypic changes accompanying the emergence of epizootic subtype IC Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses from an enzootic subtype ID progenitor. (7/1799)
Recent studies have indicated that epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses can evolve from enzootic, subtype ID strains that circulate continuously in lowland tropical forests (A. M. Powers, M. S. Oberste, A. C. Brault, R. Rico-Hesse, S. M. Schmura, J. F. Smith, W. Kang, W. P. Sweeney, and S. C. Weaver, J. Virol. 71:6697-6705, 1997). To identify mutations associated with the phenotypic changes leading to epizootics, we sequenced the entire genomes of two subtype IC epizootic VEE virus strains isolated during a 1992-1993 Venezuelan outbreak and four sympatric, subtype ID enzootic strains closely related to the predicted epizootic progenitor. Analysis by maximum-parsimony phylogenetic methods revealed 25 nucleotide differences which were predicted to have accompanied the 1992 epizootic emergence; 7 of these encoded amino acid changes in the nsP1, nsP3, capsid, and E2 envelope glycoprotein, and 2 were mutations in the 3' untranslated genome region. Comparisons with the genomic sequences of IAB and other IC epizootic VEE virus strains revealed that only one of the seven amino acid changes associated with the 1992 emergence, a threonine-to-methionine change at position 360 of the nsP3 protein, accompanied another VEE virus emergence event. Two changes in the E2 envelope glycoprotein region believed to include the major antigenic determinants, both involving replacement of uncharged residues with arginine, are also candidates for epizootic determinants. (+info)SFS, a novel fibronectin-binding protein from Streptococcus equi, inhibits the binding between fibronectin and collagen. (8/1799)
The obligate parasitic bacterium Streptococcus equi subsp. equi is the causative agent of strangles, a serious disease of the upper respiratory tract in horses. In this study we have, using shotgun phage display, cloned from S. equi subsp. equi and characterized a gene, called sfs, encoding a protein termed SFS, representing a new type of fibronectin (Fn)-binding protein. The sfs gene was found to be present in all 50 isolates of S. equi subsp. equi tested and in 41 of 48 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates tested. The sfs gene is down-regulated during growth in vitro compared to fnz, a previously characterized gene encoding an Fn-binding protein from S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Sequence comparisons revealed no similarities to previously characterized Fn-binding proteins, but high scores were obtained against collagen. Besides similarity due to the high content of glycine, serine, and proline residues present in both proteins, there was a nine-residue motif present both in collagen and in the Fn-binding domain of SFS. By searching the Oklahoma S. pyogenes database, we found that this motif is also present in a potential cell surface protein from S. pyogenes. Protein SFS was found to inhibit the binding between Fn and collagen in a concentration-dependent way. (+info)I understand you are asking for a medical definition of "Horse Diseases." However, it's important to note that there isn't a specific medical field dedicated to horse diseases as we typically categorize medical fields by human diseases and conditions. Veterinary medicine is the field responsible for studying, diagnosing, and treating diseases in animals, including horses.
Here's a general definition of 'Horse Diseases':
Horse diseases are health issues or medical conditions that affect equine species, particularly horses. These diseases can be caused by various factors such as bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections; genetic predispositions; environmental factors; and metabolic disorders. Examples of horse diseases include Strangles (Streptococcus equi), Equine Influenza, Equine Herpesvirus, West Nile Virus, Rabies, Potomac Horse Fever, Lyme Disease, and internal or external parasites like worms and ticks. Additionally, horses can suffer from musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis, laminitis, and various injuries. Regular veterinary care, preventative measures, and proper management are crucial for maintaining horse health and preventing diseases.
Equidae is the biological family that includes horses, donkeys, zebras, and their extinct relatives. These mammals are known for their hooves, long faces, and distinctive teeth adapted for grazing on grasses. They are also characterized by a unique form of locomotion in which they move both legs on one side of the body together, a gait known as "diagonal couple-hoofed" or "pacing."
The family Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla, which includes other odd-toed ungulates such as rhinos and tapirs. The fossil record of Equidae dates back to the early Eocene epoch, around 56 million years ago, with a diverse array of species that inhabited various habitats across the world.
Some notable members of the family Equidae include:
* Equus: This is the genus that includes modern horses, donkeys, and zebras. It has a wide geographic distribution and includes several extinct species such as the now-extinct American wild horse (Equus ferus) and the quagga (Equus quagga), a subspecies of the plains zebra that went extinct in the late 19th century.
* Hyracotherium: Also known as Eohippus, this is one of the earliest and smallest members of Equidae. It lived during the early Eocene epoch and had four toes on its front feet and three toes on its hind feet.
* Mesohippus: This was a slightly larger and more advanced member of Equidae that lived during the middle Eocene epoch. It had four toes on its front feet and three toes on its hind feet, but its middle toe was larger and stronger than in Hyracotherium.
* Merychippus: This was a diverse and successful member of Equidae that lived during the late Miocene epoch. It had a more modern-looking skeleton and teeth adapted for grazing on grasses.
* Pliohippus: This was a transitional form between early members of Equidae and modern horses. It lived during the Pliocene epoch and had a single toe on each foot, like modern horses. Its teeth were also more specialized for grinding grasses.
African horse sickness (AHS) is a viral disease that primarily affects horses, mules, and donkeys. It is caused by the African horse sickness virus (AHSV), which belongs to the family Reoviridae and the genus Orbivirus. There are nine serotypes of AHSV (AHSV-1 to AHSV-9) that have been identified.
The AHSV is transmitted by certain species of Culicoides midges, also known as biting midges or no-see-ums. The virus replicates in the midgut of the insect and then spreads to other tissues, including the salivary glands. When an infected midge bites a susceptible animal, the virus is transmitted through the saliva.
The disease is characterized by fever, respiratory distress, and edema (fluid accumulation) in various parts of the body, including the lungs, belly, and under the skin. The severity of the disease can vary depending on the species and age of the animal, as well as the strain of the virus. In severe cases, the disease can be fatal.
There is no specific treatment for AHS, and prevention relies on vaccination and control of the midge population. The disease is endemic in many parts of Africa, but it has also occurred in other parts of the world, including Spain, Portugal, and South America. It is considered a List B disease by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), which means that it is important to monitor and control its spread in order to protect international trade in animals and animal products.
Lameness in animals refers to an alteration in the animal's normal gait or movement, which is often caused by pain, injury, or disease affecting the locomotor system. This can include structures such as bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The severity of lameness can vary from subtle to non-weight bearing, and it can affect one or more limbs.
Lameness can have various causes, including trauma, infection, degenerative diseases, congenital defects, and neurological disorders. In order to diagnose and treat lameness in animals, a veterinarian will typically perform a physical examination, observe the animal's gait and movement, and may use diagnostic imaging techniques such as X-rays or ultrasound to identify the underlying cause. Treatment for lameness can include medication, rest, physical therapy, surgery, or a combination of these approaches.
Colic is a term used to describe excessive, frequent crying or fussiness in a healthy infant, often lasting several hours a day and occurring several days a week. Although the exact cause of colic is unknown, it may be related to digestive issues, such as gas or indigestion. The medical community defines colic by the "Rule of Three": crying for more than three hours per day, for more than three days per week, and for longer than three weeks in an infant who is well-fed and otherwise healthy. It typically begins within the first few weeks of life and improves on its own, usually by age 3-4 months. While colic can be distressing for parents and caregivers, it does not cause any long-term harm to the child.
Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a viral disease that affects horses and other equine animals. It is caused by the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), which is transmitted through the bloodstream of infected animals, often through biting insects such as horseflies and deerflies.
The symptoms of EIA can vary widely, but often include fever, weakness, weight loss, anemia, and edema. In severe cases, the disease can cause death. There is no cure for EIA, and infected animals must be isolated to prevent the spread of the virus.
EIA is diagnosed through blood tests that detect the presence of antibodies to the virus. Horses that test positive for EIA are typically euthanized or permanently quarantined. Prevention measures include testing horses before they are bought, sold, or moved, as well as controlling insect populations and using insect repellents. Vaccines are not available for EIA in most countries.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hoof and Claw" is not a medical term or condition. The term "hoof" refers to the hard covering on the toes of animals such as horses, cows, and other ungulates, while "claw" refers to the sharp nail-like structure found on the toes of animals such as cats, dogs, and birds.
If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health concerns, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.
Perissodactyla is not a medical term, but rather a taxonomic order in zoology. It includes mammals with an odd number of toes on each foot and a particular type of digestive system called "hindgut fermentation." The order Perissodactyla includes horses, rhinos, and tapirs.
I apologize for the confusion, but "physical conditioning" is not a term that is typically used in the context of animals in veterinary medicine or animal sciences. The term "physical conditioning" is more commonly used to describe the process of improving an individual's physical fitness through exercise and training.
However, in animal science, the concept of "training" or "exercising" animals may refer to the process of teaching them specific behaviors or skills, improving their physical abilities, or promoting their overall health and well-being. This might involve activities such as providing opportunities for regular exercise, engaging in play, or using positive reinforcement techniques to teach animals new skills or modify their behavior.
If you have any further questions about animal care or training, I would be happy to try to help!
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) is a viral disease that affects horses and other equine animals. The causative agent of this disease is the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), which belongs to the family Retroviridae and genus Lentivirus. This virus is primarily transmitted through the transfer of infected blood, most commonly through biting insects such as horseflies and deerflies.
The EIAV attacks the immune system of the infected animal, causing a variety of symptoms including fever, weakness, weight loss, anemia, and edema. The virus has a unique ability to integrate its genetic material into the host's DNA, which can lead to a lifelong infection. Some animals may become chronic carriers of the virus, showing no signs of disease but remaining infectious to others.
There is currently no cure for EIA, and infected animals must be isolated to prevent the spread of the disease. Vaccines are available in some countries, but they do not provide complete protection against infection and may only help reduce the severity of the disease. Regular testing and monitoring of equine populations are essential to control the spread of this virus.
White line disease
Theiler's disease
List of people with motor neuron disease
Bluetongue disease
Native American disease and epidemics
Equine venereal disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cerebellar abiotrophy
Equine proximal enteritis
Grass sickness
Middelburg virus
Purpura haemorrhagica
Neorickettsia risticii
Bedding (animals)
Hendra virus
Tabanidae
Tracheal collapse
Strongyloides westeri
Impressive (horse)
Horses in Jamaica
Horses in Cuba
Cefiderocol
Foreign animal disease
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction
Dog food
Recurrent airway obstruction
Wobbler disease
Moxidectin
Staphylococcus delphini
Apology (horse)
Diseases and Conditions Archives - The Horse
Diseases Affecting the Equine Vertebral Column - The Horse
85 horses killed by 'highly contagious' disease at Colorado facility
Quiz: Respiratory Diseases of Horses - Merck Veterinary Manual
Developmental Orthopedic Diseases for Horses | BUCKEYE Nutrition
Navicular Disease in Horses - Shane's Tack Store
Diseases with similar symptoms to bleeding canker of horse chestnut - Forest Research
Horse Management Seminar- Genetics, Nutrition, Health, and Disease | Equine Chronicle
Toxoplasmosis and Horse Meat, France - Volume 17, Number 7-July 2011 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Most US owners not too worried about disease risk at horse shows - study - Horsetalk.co.nz
EHV-5 associated with respiratory disease in a survey of alpha- and gamma herpesviruses in 409 Australian horses | IVIS
Mosquito-Transmitted Disease Vaccines for Horses - Veterinary Partner - VIN
Respiratory disease in horses and when a respiratory supplement might help - Your Horse
PPID or Cushing's Disease in Horses, Feed For Cushing's Disease
Lyme Disease in Horses: More Questions than Answers - Barrel Horse News
Evaluation of glucose tolerance and intestinal luminal membrane glucose transporter function in horses with equine motor neuron...
Welfare from a breeding point of view: WFFS & other hereditary diseases in sport horses - EAAP
Horses | Healthy Pets, Healthy People | CDC
Kidney Disease/Failure Solution for Dogs 290g and 633 grams : Natural Chinese Herbal Solutions for Horse and Dog Health
Navicular Disease MRI in Horses - Veterinary Partner - VIN
Overview of Infectious Diarrheal Diseases in Horses - Digestive System - MSD Veterinary Manual
horse diseases - Amity Pets
8 Life-Threatening Infectious Horse Diseases
Ask IFAS: Diseases
Anthrax | Horse Disease | VetandTech
Skin Disease in Horses
Horse - The Disease Daily
Hereditary Disease - Horse ENG
White line disease - Wikipedia
Infectious Diseases of the Horse 2nd Edition | PDFLibrary
Centers for Diseas2
Lameness in Horses2
- Blocking the coffin joint may also improve lameness in horses with navicular. (iastate.edu)
- treating on disease and lameness in horses. (nih.gov)
Cushing's Disease12
- Cushing's Disease, correctly called pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction or PPID, is common in older horses, but monitoring treatment of these cases is difficult. (vin.com)
- If you have a horse over 15 years of age, there is a chance your horse could have some degree of Cushing's Disease. (vin.com)
- Blood test monitoring twice a year is recommended, as Cushing's Disease is progressive, and your horse will likely need a higher dosage as the horse ages. (vin.com)
- Ask your equine veterinarian about checking your older horse for Cushing's Disease. (vin.com)
- Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID), most commonly known as Equine Cushing's Disease, is a benign tumour of the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. (hygain.com.au)
- All equines can be affected with the Cushing's disease but ponies and breeds such as Morgans and Quarter horses seem to be at greater risk. (hygain.com.au)
- Horses with Cushing's Disease can exhibit a variety of symptoms, with an excessively long and curly hair coat that fails to shed in the summer being the most recognisable one. (hygain.com.au)
- In order to understand the mechanisms behind Equine Cushing's Disease we must first understand the hormonal regulation of cortisol as the excessive production of cortisol has many harmful effects on the horse. (hygain.com.au)
- All these important processes are disturbed if cortisol levels are imbalanced (not within the normal range) and this is exactly what happens in horse's with Cushing's Disease as the tumour disturbs the delicate balance of cortisol levels. (hygain.com.au)
- More specific hormone-related tests might be performed to confirm the diagnosis of Cushing's disease following a repeat blood test to establish the consistency of high blood sugar. (hygain.com.au)
- Are horses with Cushing's Disease at increased risk of laminitis? (redmillshorse.com)
- Cushing's Disease/ Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) is considered a disease of ageing, where the control of several hormones, e.g. (redmillshorse.com)
Regarding Lyme disease in horses1
- A veterinarian shares the latest research findings regarding Lyme disease in horses and her practical experience as a veterinary internal medicine specialist in the heart of Lyme country. (thehorse.com)
Diagnosis6
- Diagnosis of EMND was confirmed postmortem in all affected horses. (avma.org)
- Millie A diagnosis of liver disease/failure means there is serious damage to the function of the liver. (forloveofthehorse.com)
- The severity of signs, however, is largely dependent on the amount of toxin, and less severely affected horses might decline slowly, a characteristic that can confuse diagnosis. (extension.org)
- The slow, progressive nature of Crushing's disease may complicate the diagnosis. (ukpets.com)
- The mission of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) is to transform, through technology development, our understanding of disease and its prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment. (nih.gov)
- A diagnosis of parasitic colitis resulting from larval cyathostominosis should be considered when the horse exhibits weight loss, intermittent diarrhea and unremarkable fecal egg counts. (succeed-vet.com)
Laminitis5
- The disease causes multiple symptoms, including laminitis, increased water consumption, decreased or increased sweating and long hair that is not shed in the spring. (vin.com)
- In some horses, clinical signs such as hair shedding can be used to determine if the disease is controlled, but more difficult if laminitis is involved. (vin.com)
- Laminitis and abscesses in the hooves occur more in horses with Crushing's disease, which require regular farriery care. (ukpets.com)
- Thirty-two percent of horses with PPID also have insulin resistance (IR), leaving them very vulnerable to developing laminitis. (redmillshorse.com)
- Soluble epoxide hydrolase activity and pharmacologic inhibition in horses with chronic severe laminitis. (nih.gov)
Neurologic disease3
- This case series reveals that A. phagocytophilum should be included on any differential list for neurologic disease in an exotic equid within or near an enzootic area. (vin.com)
- To determine which agents cause neurologic disease in horses, we conducted reverse transcription PCR on isolates from of a horse with encephalitis and 111 other horses with acute disease. (cdc.gov)
- and behavioral changes and skin hypersensitivity are compatible with neurologic disease. (endurance.net)
Infection9
- Our knowledge of equine Lyme disease, otherwise known as Borrelia burgdorferi infection, is burgeoning and nascent. (thehorse.com)
- Although this is a lot of trouble, it should be considered when a new horse is entering an established herd to prevent strangles infection. (vin.com)
- In horses, brucellosis can cause lameness due to joint infection, including fistulous withers and "poll evil. (cdc.gov)
- Horses: Infection in horses can result in pus-forming lesions on the skin and respiratory infections. (redmountain-capital.com)
- Some infected horses show no symptoms but can serve as sources of infection by shedding B. mallei intermittently or constantly. (redmountain-capital.com)
- White line disease (also known as seedy toe) is a fungal infection of the horse's hoof. (wikipedia.org)
- The exact organism that causes white line disease is not known, but it is known to be caused by bacteria in the soil getting into a weakened spot in the hoof wall, such as a quarter crack, which then sets up a fungal infection that leads to the disease. (wikipedia.org)
- As the food rots down it causes infection in the gap, known as periodontal disease). (remussanctuary.org)
- Marrazzo's background at UAB has been in research on the human microbiome, specifically female reproductive tract infections and hormonal contraception, in addition to the prevention of HIV infection, sexually transmitted diseases and antibiotic resistance in gonorrhea. (cbs42.com)
Symptoms7
- There's a difference between navicular disease and navicular syndrome, although they overlap, and researchers are now uncovering several more causes for the symptoms in horses that have previously all been labeled "navicular. (equisearch.com)
- However, when our farrier Dean Geesen arrived this morning to do his hooves again we found that Roll had some fairly advanced symptoms of White Line Disease in his left hind foot. (luckythreeranch.com)
- While these signs and symptoms can lead you to suspect liver disease/failure, they are also present in other conditions. (forloveofthehorse.com)
- Browse our blog for the latest advice on spotting cat disease symptoms, plus tips and tricks and how to ensure a happy and healthy pet! (catdiseases.biz)
- Lessening the length of time that a young horse is showing clinical symptoms of URD by something as "simple" as a top-dressed BC supplement seems almost too good to be true. (fenwayfoundation.com)
- While COPD is a chronic and irreversible condition, proper treatment and management can alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life for affected horses. (equiniction.com)
- Understanding the intricate dance of causes, symptoms, and treatments of COPD in horses equips you with the tools to best ensure their welfare. (equiniction.com)
Infectious disease10
- Lyme disease is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium B. burgdorferi . (thehorse.com)
- The University of Kentucky Gluck Equine Research Center recently welcomed two accomplished researchers into its infectious disease program. (theplaidhorse.com)
- Feng Li has been named the William Robert Mills Chair in Equine Infectious Disease and Dan Wang joins the department as a virologist. (theplaidhorse.com)
- Their combined expertise in viral respiratory diseases will both complement and enhance the equine infectious disease program at the Gluck Center," said David Horohov, chair of the Department of Veterinary Science, director of the Gluck Equine Research Center and Jes E. and Clementine M. Schlaikjer Endowed Chair. (theplaidhorse.com)
- His lab currently studies several enveloped RNA viruses that cause significant diseases in humans and livestock, including zoonotic influenza A virus, HIV and emerging infectious disease agents such as Zika virus and influenza D virus. (theplaidhorse.com)
- I am very pleased and honored to become a part of the infectious disease research team at the Gluck Equine Research Center. (theplaidhorse.com)
- Biosecurity - The Key to Keeping Your Horses Healthy (pdf 555kb) - Information for horse owners to reduce the changes of an infectious disease being carried into a farm by people, animals, equipment, or vehicles. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- Yet there are always variables beyond the horse owner's control, like coming into contact with another horse coping - likely unknowingly - with an infectious disease. (horsenation.com)
- She has served as a principal investigator on NIH grants since 1997, as well as serving in chair positions on the American Board of Internal Medicine Council and the ABIM Infectious Disease Specialty Board. (cbs42.com)
- CBS 42's Jen Cardone speaks with Dr. Michael Saag, director of the Center for AIDS Reasearch at UAB, and infectious disease expert. (cbs42.com)
Caused by the bacterium1
- Contagious Equine Metritis - A transmissible, exotic, venereal disease of horses caused by the bacterium Taylorella equigenitalis. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
Clinical7
- From 2008-2014, there were four confirmed cases of clinical anaplasmosis in three captive Przewalski's horses ( Equus ferus przewalskii ) at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute in Virginia, USA. (vin.com)
- A fourth horse is suspected to have been affected based on clinical signs, exclusion of other etiologies with CSF testing, and response to empirical therapy. (vin.com)
- Horses over 25 years of age commonly have some degree of the syndrome although they may not develop clinical signs. (vin.com)
- Most horses infected with EAV will show minimal if any clinical signs and recover without incident although stallions can become carriers and lifelong shedders of the virus. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- The new edition emphasises the important role of the clinical and research veterinarian at forefront in recognizing and diagnosing new emerging infectious diseases. (acco.be)
- Physical activity or transporting the horse may worsen clinical signs. (extension.org)
- Dr. Rachel Buchholz explains what "kissing spines" is in horses and its clinical signs. (thehorse.com)
Livestock3
- Orbiviruses are the cause of important and apparently emerging arboviral diseases of livestock, including bluetongue virus (BTV), African horse sickness virus (AHSV), equine encephalosis virus (EEV), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) that are all transmitted by haematophagous Culicoides insects. (nih.gov)
- People who live in areas where anthrax has occurred should consider vaccinating their livestock against the disease every year. (cdc.gov)
- Properties that house horses with livestock should also take appropriate precautions to avoid: Most cases of brucellosis in horses are due to the Brucella abortus bacteria, which is also the cause of the disease in cattle. (redmountain-capital.com)
Humans10
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum (previously known as Ehrlichia equi ) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen of domestic horses that is the causative agent of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis and affects a wide variety of mammals, including humans. (vin.com)
- Arthropod-transmitted viruses (Arboviruses) are important causes of disease in humans and animals, and it is proposed that climate change will increase the distribution and severity of arboviral diseases. (nih.gov)
- In this image, he shows that noble humans often resemble the noblest of animals, the horse. (nih.gov)
- The group of animals where zoonotic diseases are most common is WebIn general contemporary usage, the term zoophilia may refer to sexual activity between human and non-human animals, the desire to engage in such, or to the specific paraphilia ( i.e., the atypical arousal) which indicates a definite preference for animals over humans as sexual partners. (redmountain-capital.com)
- There are indeed some diseases that can be transmitted from horses to humans. (redmountain-capital.com)
- Transmission: The bacteria can be transmitted from horses to humans through direct contact with infected animals. (redmountain-capital.com)
- These diseases are zoonotic, infecting humans, and are a public health concern. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- Moreover, as horses are like humans and regularly have the same type of feed, the teeth wear could become uneven. (abhype.com)
- Similar to Crushing's disease in humans and in dogs, Crushing's disease in horses occurs when a tumour starts to develop in the pituitary gland. (ukpets.com)
- PET technology has been used on humans for a while, but not horses. (latimes.com)
Ticks4
- Groom your horse frequently to find and remove ticks before they have a chance to transmit disease. (thehorse.com)
- Although, Equine Piroplasmosis is primarily transmitted to horses by ticks, this bloodborne disease has been spread mechanically from animal to animal by contaminated needles. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- The disease is spread to horses when biting ticks pass on Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes. (endurance.net)
- Information on ticks and tickborne disease. (nih.gov)
Fatal7
- Anthrax is usually fatal in horses. (cdc.gov)
- West Nile Virus is spread by infected mosquitoes, and can cause serious, life-altering and even fatal disease. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- However, in whichever area a person owns a horse, from a farm to a fair, it is the owner's responsibility to ensure that the horse is always protected, taken proper care of, and is immune, and kept safely away from fatal diseases. (abhype.com)
- This emergence is referred to as larval cyathostominosis, and is known to cause acute and potentially fatal colitis in horses. (succeed-vet.com)
- MLB has designated June 2nd as Lou Gehrig Day, a day to raise awareness about amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the fatal neurodegenerative disease that abruptly ended Gehrig's Hall of Fame career. (synapticure.com)
- Horses live with most strains without issue, but less common neurological variants have periodically been the source of serious - sometimes fatal- outbreaks. (horsenation.com)
- Whitehead has been the go-to subject matter expert for much of the recent media coverage about the outbreak of PHF - an infectious and a potentially fatal disease that causes diarrhea, fever, anorexia, depression, and colic in horses. (ucalgary.ca)
Hoof8
- If your horse seems to be suffering from heel pain, he could be experiencing problems with a small bone at the heart of the hoof. (equisearch.com)
- Better diagnostic tools for imaging the horse's hoof are shedding new light on navicular disease and navicular syndrome in horses. (equisearch.com)
- It is sometimes mistaken for hoof wall separation disease, but is not to be confused because it is not genetic nor as severe. (wikipedia.org)
- The disease may locate in the toe area of the hoof, giving rise to the name seedy toe. (wikipedia.org)
- White line disease may not be noticed by the horse owner and is most often diagnosed by a farrier during routine hoof trims or shoeing. (wikipedia.org)
- Hoof infections are often attributed to poor management, but with white line disease this is often not the case, as it is seen even in horses kept in very clean stables and facilities. (wikipedia.org)
- White line disease is sometimes treated by applying borax or bleach solution to the affected area of the hoof, but this is not often successful. (wikipedia.org)
- It is all well to treat the inflamed area however, without changing the alignment of the horses hoof to support changes within their lower lime the affects of injecting your horses joint will wear thin quickly. (racetrackvetservices.com)
Reportable1
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis is a Foreign Animal Disease and therefore reportable at both the Federal and State level. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
Contagious7
- Last program I talked about preventing contagious equine diseases from spreading at boarding stables and horse farms by quarantining all new horses for 3 weeks. (vin.com)
- Strangles is a serious upper respiratory tract disease that is caused by the bacteria strep equi and is highly contagious. (vin.com)
- a horse could enter a stable and appear completely normal and yet be contagious. (vin.com)
- Treating these pouches with penicillin can kill the organism and prevent the horse from being contagious. (vin.com)
- Influenza is another contagious disease but is a virus and because the incubation period is very short, the 3-week quarantine period for new horses recommended on our last program will catch any influenza-infected horses to prevent exposure to the entire herd. (vin.com)
- Join us on our next program when we will continue to discuss methods of preventing contagious equine diseases. (vin.com)
- Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) is a contagious viral disease in horses caused by Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV). (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
Viral6
- Li's laboratory is interested in understanding, treating and preventing communicable disease caused by viral pathogens. (theplaidhorse.com)
- Our research group is particularly interested in understanding, treating and preventing animal infectious diseases caused by viral pathogens. (theplaidhorse.com)
- Infectious Canine Hepatitis is one of the most common viral liver diseases diagnosed in dogs although there are many other diseases affecting the dog's liver. (forloveofthehorse.com)
- Equine Herpes Virus or Equine Rhinopneumonitis virus or EHV is a highly infectious viral disease. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- Equine Infectious Anemia - EIA is a viral disease of members of the horse family. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- Vesicular Stomatitis is a viral disease characterized by fever, vesicles, and subsequent erosions in the mouth and epithelium on the teats and feet. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
Colitis in horses3
- Parasitic colitis in horses, or larval cyathostominosis, occurs when encysted small strongyle larvae emerge en masse from the intestinal wall, causing inflammation and damaging the mucosa. (succeed-vet.com)
- The small strongyles are specifically associated with colitis in horses . (succeed-vet.com)
- Diagnosing small strongyles as the cause of colitis in horses is challenging, as the syndrome is related to the worm's larval stage. (succeed-vet.com)
Veterinary care2
- By providing your horse with routine veterinary care and following the Healthy People tips, you are less likely to get sick from touching or owning a horse. (cdc.gov)
- With top-tier products like the "HayGain Hay Steamer," the " The Smart Halter," "Ventipulmin Syrup" , and Pelletized Bedding from Tractor Supply Co combined with professional veterinary care, horses affected by COPD can still bask in the joy of trotting beneath the open sky, the wind whistling through their manes. (equiniction.com)
Clinically2
- Objective -To confirm whether the plasma glucose concentration curve obtained during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in horses with equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is decreased, compared with that obtained in clinically normal horses, and determine whether that decrease is a result of defective glucose metabolism or intestinal glucose transport dysfunction. (avma.org)
- With severe forms of this disease, a clinically proven therapy is indicated. (nih.gov)
Cattle1
- Disease is sheep, cattle, or horses. (cdc.gov)
Older horses2
- Another crucial factor to note is the increased risk in older horses. (equiniction.com)
- Hence, careful attention should be paid to the management and living conditions of older horses. (equiniction.com)
Navicular bone4
- The result is the inflammation or degeneration of the navicular bone and its surrounding tissues, typically in the front feet of the horse. (iastate.edu)
- The navicular bone of horses that are exercised is also more dense than that of inactive horses. (equisearch.com)
- Some limit navicular disease to abnormalities in the navicular bone and its cartilage. (equisearch.com)
- Others use the terms navicular disease and navicular syndrome interchangeably and include the navicular bone, navicular bursa, and the deep flexor tendon behind those structures. (equisearch.com)
Respiratory10
- Most horses die of cardio-respiratory failure within 2-5 days, but it can take up to 2 weeks in some cases. (redmountain-capital.com)
- Respiratory paralysis usually forces euthanasia, or the horse will die spontaneously. (extension.org)
- Researchers reported favorable findings in the use of a bovine colostrum supplement in the treatment of upper respiratory disease (URD) in young horses. (fenwayfoundation.com)
- Feeding a Bovine Colostrum Supplement Decreases the Duration of Upper Respiratory Disease in Thoroughbred Yearlings. (fenwayfoundation.com)
- The equine respiratory system plays a huge role in disease prevention - and in more ways than people believe. (horsenation.com)
- A lot of the outside world enters the horse through its nose, the sole point of entry and exit for the respiratory tract. (horsenation.com)
- That's why the horse's respiratory defense mechanisms must be healthy to fight off disease. (horsenation.com)
- They emerged while studying the roles mucosa, airborne pathogens and respirable hazards play in equine respiratory health and disease prevention and management. (horsenation.com)
- Not dissimilar to its human counterpart, COPD in horses is a result of inflamed airways that hinder the normal respiratory process, leading to labored breathing and reduced stamina. (equiniction.com)
- However, both afflictions result in progressive breathing difficulties, leaving the patient, whether human or horse, in a state of chronic respiratory distress. (equiniction.com)
Periodontal disease1
- Dental care Frequent dental check-ups are suggested for horses with Crushing's disease as the condition risks sinus infections and periodontal disease. (ukpets.com)
Prevention1
- Prevention of navicular disease includes maintaining a balanced foot, heel support, and exercising the horse on the ground with sound footing. (iastate.edu)
Signs4
- Typically, when a horse develops navicular disease, they will show signs through low-grade bilateral lameness. (iastate.edu)
- Using radiographs is highly debated when determining navicular disease because some horses may not show signs on a radiograph. (iastate.edu)
- Shuni virus was found in 7 horses, 5 of which had neurologic signs. (cdc.gov)
- Like some other equine maladies, Lyme disease is somewhat difficult to diagnose because signs are vague, confusing, or nonexistent in some infected horses. (endurance.net)
Veterinarians5
- American Farriers Journal is the "hands-on" magazine for professional farriers, equine veterinarians and horse care product and service buyers. (americanfarriers.com)
- In the case of horses, veterinarians relied on a set of Classical and Byzantine Greek texts called the "Hippiatrica," which was based strongly on ancient Greek texts by physicians like Hippocrates. (nih.gov)
- Veterinarians did the same with horses. (nih.gov)
- Physiology, or the science of how the body functions, was studied in tandem by horse veterinarians and physicians, as each tested their hypotheses on patients. (nih.gov)
- Dr. Rachel Buchholz explains how bone scans work and how veterinarians use them to diagnose unsoundness in horses. (thehorse.com)
Intestinal3
- All grazing horses are exposed to intestinal parasites, which have the potential to cause gastrointestinal disease. (slu.se)
- Adult horses are most at risk when the intestinal microbiota has suffered a disturbance. (succeed-vet.com)
- When a horse ingests spores, the spores usually pass harmlessly through the intestinal tract, unaltered. (succeed-vet.com)
Foals2
- Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile are the two clostridial species most likely to cause colitis in adult horses and foals. (succeed-vet.com)
- 2001) found that Clostridium difficile was detected in 22% of adult horses with colitis, and 17% of foals with colitis, while Clostridium perfringens was identified in 19% of adult colitis cases, and 29% of foal cases. (succeed-vet.com)
Genetics2
- This is a hard question to answer, some would say its bad luck, the horses genetics left them with no chance of avoiding this all too common and debilitating disease. (racetrackvetservices.com)
- NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
Brucellosis3
- Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by contact with infected animals and contaminated animal products like raw milk. (cdc.gov)
- It is rare for people to get brucellosis from horses. (cdc.gov)
- In horses, brucellosis causes fistulous withers, or "poll evil," which is when there is inflammation and swelling in the bursa (the sac of fluid between bone and soft tissue) of ligaments. (cdc.gov)
Coronary artery1
- His medical history included severe smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease. (cdc.gov)
Healthy5
- Liver Disease/Failure Solution restores healthy liver function, halts hepatocellular (liver cell) death and assists in the regeneration of liver cells. (forloveofthehorse.com)
- Before you decide on getting a horse of your own, do your research and see if you are willing to do all that you have to in order to make sure your horse is secure and healthy. (abhype.com)
- Use these four methods and ensure to keep your horse healthy and protected from deadly diseases. (abhype.com)
- Another tool for all of us to help keep our young horses healthy and thriving. (fenwayfoundation.com)
- METHODS: sEH activity was measured in digital laminae from euthanised healthy and laminitic horses (n = 5-6/group). (nih.gov)
Botulism1
- Within 48 hours, horses affected with botulism can be recumbent and unable to rise, typically with their chins resting on the ground. (extension.org)
Common4
- It is more common in mature riding horses (between the age of 8 and 10 years old) and is associated more commonly with certain breeds such as warmbloods, Quarter horses, and thoroughbreds. (iastate.edu)
- Besides touching a horse, common chores such as cleaning stalls and grooming might put you at risk. (cdc.gov)
- A common chart from medieval and Renaissance medical texts is "Disease Man," wherein the diseases that can affect different parts of the body are laid out schematically around the body. (nih.gov)
- The most common way of a horse acquiring this disease is by ingestion of the toxin (not the bacterial spores themselves) in contaminated feed or water. (extension.org)
Swine1
- This year, the Assembly has added peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and classical swine fever (CSF) to the list of diseases for which Member Countries can apply for official recognition of their disease free status. (thepoultrysite.com)
Stables1
- Poorly ventilated stables, for instance, can exacerbate COPD in horses due to the high levels of irritants in the air. (equiniction.com)
Potentially2
- Similarly, although there have been somewhat less dramatic recent alterations in the distribution of EHDV, AHSV, and EEV, it is not yet clear what the future holds in terms of these diseases, nor of other potentially important but poorly characterized Orbiviruses such as Peruvian horse sickness virus. (nih.gov)
- Contact and transmission: Barn workers, stable personnel and equine competitiors are potentially at risk for various horse-to-human diseases. (redmountain-capital.com)
Seedy toe1
- Kawell develops and produces copper alloy horseshoes and inserts, giving horses the care that they need to fight issues associated with white line disease, seedy toe and thrush. (americanfarriers.com)
Degenerative disease2
- When looking at treatments, it's important to remember that navicular is a degenerative disease and therefore is not curable. (iastate.edu)
- That being so, you are able to treat the area in order to reduce inflammation and stunt the degenerative disease. (racetrackvetservices.com)
Often diagnosed1
- This disease is often diagnosed in horses over the age of ten. (ukpets.com)
Organism1
- Carrier horses can maintain the organism in two pouches in the back of their throats called guttural pouches. (vin.com)
Commonly5
- The disease can be very serious to horses, particularly because it is most commonly seen in geriatric horses. (hygain.com.au)
- Containing I. A description of the medicinal simples, commonly made use of in the Diseases of Horses, with their Virtues and Manner of Operation, distributed into proper Classes, &c. (jamesgray2.me)
- It stands to reason that Steamed Hay could also help an EHV-infected horse by protecting it from the further physiological strain of fending off other airborne particles commonly found in forage. (horsenation.com)
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), commonly referred to as 'heaves,' is a bane in the lives of many horses and the individuals who care for them with unwavering commitment. (equiniction.com)
- Lesions in horses are solitary or multiple nodules that are often ulcerated and most commonly occur on the head, pinnae, legs, and neck. (cdc.gov)
Parasite4
- In Sweden, there is a concern about an increase in parasite-related equine gastrointestinal disease, in particular Strongylus vulgaris, since the implementation of prescription-only anthelmintics approximately 10 years ago. (slu.se)
- Overall, 36% of the horse owners used only fecal egg counts (FEC), 32% used FEC combined with specific diagnostics for S. vulgaris or A. perfoliata , and 29% dewormed routinely without prior parasite diagnostics. (slu.se)
- Hedberg-Alm Y, Penell J, Riihimäki M, Osterman-Lind E, Nielsen MK, Tydén E. Parasite Occurrence and Parasite Management in Swedish Horses Presenting with Gastrointestinal Disease-A Case-Control Study. (slu.se)
- Parasite control Horses suffering from Crushing's disease are more prone to internal parasites since their immune system is compromised. (ukpets.com)
Severe4
- Sometimes, if the problem is severe enough, the horse may need to be specially shod with a heart-bar shoe. (wikipedia.org)
- In severe cases successful treatment can be expected in around 40% of horses (Mair 2002). (succeed-vet.com)
- California horse owners and event managers are currently working diligently to contain cases of the more severe strains. (horsenation.com)
- Is it because this is an unusually severe outbreak, or has the COVID-19 pandemic changed the way we think and talk about infectious diseases? (ucalgary.ca)
Severely1
- Thoroughbred horses appear to be more severely affected by the disease than other breeds. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
Chronic1
- OBJECTIVES: To determine soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity in the digital laminae, sEH inhibitor potency in vitro, and efficacy of a sEH inhibitor as an adjunct analgesic therapy in chronic laminitic horses. (nih.gov)
Influenza2
- It is often difficult to differentiate from other fever-producing diseases, including anthrax, influenza, and equine encephalitis. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- For instance, horses can be vaccinated against illnesses like equine influenza or equine herpes. (abhype.com)
Susceptible3
- Birds and rodents are the primary reservoirs, but unvaccinated horses are particularly susceptible and often serve as sentinels. (oregonhorsecouncil.com)
- One highly-rated product is the "HayGain Hay Steamer," which mitigates the dust and mold spores in the hay, making it safer for horses susceptible to COPD. (equiniction.com)
- lines drawn from horse to circle indicate location and type of disease to which the horse is susceptible. (nih.gov)
Occur3
- This disease is believed to be genetic but can occur due to the conformation of the distal limbs. (iastate.edu)
- Navicular does not always occur in both hooves, and one foot may develop a harsher disease. (iastate.edu)
- Most catastrophic injuries to horses occur in the fetlock or joint area of the leg , not the shoulder area or pelvis. (latimes.com)
Horse's1
- On the other hand, you can provide your horse with low-sugar and high-fibre feed, mineral supplement, or multivitamin to meet your horse's nutrient needs, most especially the older/senior horses. (ukpets.com)
Sexually transmit3
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are generally acquired by sexual contact. (redmountain-capital.com)
- The stud owner insists on a bacterial culture of your mares uterus prior to live breeding to reduce the chances of her passing any sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) she might have to the stallion. (redmountain-capital.com)
- For her work, Marrazzo was awarded the American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association's Distinguished Career Award, the highest recognition of contributions to research and mentoring in the field. (cbs42.com)
Bacteria1
- Anthrax is a naturally occurring disease of animals caused by bacteria found in the environment. (cdc.gov)