The use of humans as investigational subjects.
Human experimentation that is not intended to benefit the subjects on whom it is performed. Phase I drug studies (CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE I AS TOPIC) and research involving healthy volunteers are examples of nontherapeutic human experimentation.
Criminal acts committed during, or in connection with, war, e.g., maltreatment of prisoners, willful killing of civilians, etc.
Human experimentation that is intended to benefit the subjects on whom it is performed.
The use of animals as investigational subjects.
The moral and ethical bases of the protection of animals from cruelty and abuse. The rights are extended to domestic animals, laboratory animals, and wild animals.
The fundamental dispositions and traits of humans. (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)
Procedures, such as TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES; mathematical models; etc., when used or advocated for use in place of the use of animals in research or diagnostic laboratories.
The protection of animals in laboratories or other specific environments by promoting their health through better nutrition, housing, and care.
'Laboratory animals' are non-human creatures that are intentionally used in scientific research, testing, and education settings to investigate physiological processes, evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs or medical devices, and teach anatomy, surgical techniques, and other healthcare-related skills.
The doctrines and policies of the Nazis or the National Social German Workers party, which ruled Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1933-1945. These doctrines and policies included racist nationalism, expansionism, and state control of the economy. (from Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. and American Heritage College Dictionary, 3d ed.)

The place of medicine in the American prison: ethical issues in the treatment of offenders. (1/494)

In Britain doctors and others concerned with the treatment of offenders in prison may consult the Butler Report (see Focus, pp 157) and specialist journals, but these sources are concerned with the system in Britain only. In America the situation is different, both in organization and in certain attitudes. Dr Peter L Sissons has therefore provided a companion article to that of Dr Paul Bowden (page 163) describing the various medical issues in prisons. The main difference between the treatment of offenders in prisons in America and in Britain lies in the nature of the federal system which means that each state may operate a different system in a variety of prisons and prison medical services are as various. Nationally, the prison systems are 'structured to treat and cure the offender'. Therefore it follows that the prison medical officer is only one of the professionals concerned with this 'cure' of the offender. This principle also applies to any form of research: medical research in prisons is part of a programme which covers a wide field of social and judicial research. The prison medical officer (where there is one) has of course to look after sick prisoners, and the American idea of 'cure' is also expressed in the need for more corrective surgery where, for example, it is necessary to remove physical impediments to social rehabilitation. But a doctor is only found on the staff of those institutions which are large: in the smaller prisons there may be only first-aid facilities, and no specially appointed doctor in the community. Moreover medicines are often dispensed by medical auxiliaries who are sometimes prisoners themselves. Finally, in America prisoners are regularly invited to volunteer as subjects for medical and social research for which they are paid. In short, although it is hoped to 'cure' a prisoner he is a criminal first and a patient second.  (+info)

Human experimentation with Neisseria gonorrhoeae: progress and goals. (2/494)

Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae has adverse consequences for reproductive health and facilitates the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. A major limitation in the development of gonococcal vaccines has been the lack of an animal model. Urethral infection can be initiated in male volunteer subjects through urethral inoculation. Several hundred patients have participated in studies using this experimental infection model. These studies have helped define the natural history of experimental infection and provided a better understanding of phenotypic and genotypic variation of gonococci in vivo. Isogenic molecular mutants can be used to define a role for gonococcal surface structures, including pilin and transferrin-binding proteins; recent results demonstrate that gonococci unable to express transferrin- and lactoferrin-binding proteins cannot cause urethral infection. The experimental model has proven to be an efficient means of studying gonococcal infection and focusing vaccine development. In addition, this model should allow vaccines to be tested quickly and efficiently.  (+info)

An evaluation of "informed consent" with volunteer prisoner subjects. (3/494)

"Informed consent" sets a goal for investigators experimenting with human subjects, but little is known about how to achieve or evaluate it in an experiment. In a 3-year, double-blind study with incarcerated men, we attempted to provide a "free and informed consent" and evaluated our efforts with an unannounced questionnaire administered to subjects after they completed the experiment. At that time, approximately two-thirds had sufficient information for an informed consent, but only one-third was well informed about all key aspects of the experiment and one-third was insufficiently informed to give an informed consent. We found that institution- or study-based coercion was minimal in our experiment. From our evaluation of the questionnaire and experience at the study institution, we conclude that an experiment with human subjects should be designed to include an ongoing evaluation of informed consent, and active attempts should be made to avoid or minimize coercive inducements. Experiments with significant risk, which require a long duration and/or large sample size relative to the institution's population, should probably not be performed on prisoner subjects. The experimenter should be independent of the penal institution's power structure. Presenting and explaining a consent form to volunteers on one occasion is probably an in adequate procedure for obtaining and maintaining an informed consent.  (+info)

Can the written information to research subjects be improved?--an empirical study. (4/494)

OBJECTIVES: To study whether linguistic analysis and changes in information leaflets can improve readability and understanding. DESIGN: Randomised, controlled study. Two information leaflets concerned with trials of drugs for conditions/diseases which are commonly known were modified, and the original was tested against the revised version. SETTING: Denmark. PARTICIPANTS: 235 persons in the relevant age groups. MAIN MEASURES: Readability and understanding of contents. RESULTS: Both readability and understanding of contents was improved: readability with regard to both information leaflets and understanding with regard to one of the leaflets. CONCLUSION: The results show that both readability and understanding can be improved by increased attention to the linguistic features of the information.  (+info)

Should Zelen pre-randomised consent designs be used in some neonatal trials? (5/494)

My aim is to suggest that there is a case for using a randomised consent design in some neonatal trials. As an example I use the trials of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in neonates suffering pulmonary hypertension. In some trials the process of obtaining consent has the potential to harm the subject, for example, by disappointing those who end in the control group and by creating additional anxiety at times of acute illness. An example of such were the trials of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in neonates suffering pulmonary hypertension. Pre-randomised consent could avoid or lessen these harms. However, a number of ethical objections are made to these research designs. They involve denial of information, using people, denial of choice, and "overselling" of allocated treatment. Furthermore, they are the wrong response; better communication might be the answer, for example. I argue that these objections are not completely persuasive. However, they are enough to suggest caution in the use of such designs.  (+info)

Environmental ethics. (6/494)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) held the first meeting on environmental ethics sponsored by the Scientific Advisory Panel and Board on 10-11 December 1998 in Arlington, Virginia (1). The report from the meeting will more completely inform scientists and the community of current issues. This editorial should serve as an initial brief of this meeting [which was held on the fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Human Rights (adopted by the United Nations on 10 December 1948)].  (+info)

The role of the individual and the community in the research, development, and use of biologicals with criteria for guidelines: a memorandum. (7/494)

In view of the widely recognized need to use available vaccines and other biologicals and to develop new ones to control many diseases of world-wide importance, this Memorandum considers the increasingly complex problems that face investigators and public authorities that must review and approve pre-licensing studies and also large-scale regular use. It is stressed that the proper conduct of biologicals research in human beings must be considered from the scientific, sociological, ethical, and legal points of view. The Declaration of Helsinki is regarded of fundamental importance and its applicability to biologicals research is discussed. Recommendations are made for continued international collaboration in this field and "Criteria on the Role of the Individual and the Community in the Research, Development, and Use of Biologicals" are formulated. General criteria and specific criteria related to the design of field trials, human involvement in field trials, and surveillance of safety and effectiveness of biologicals in routine use are discussed.  (+info)

Starting clinical trials of xenotransplantation--reflections on the ethics of the early phase. (8/494)

What kind of patients may be recruited to early clinical trials of xenotransplantation? This is discussed under the assumption that the risk of viral infection to the public is non-negligible. Furthermore, the conditions imposed by the Helsinki declaration are analysed. The conclusion is that only patients at risk of dying and with no alternative treatment available should be recruited to xenotransplantation trials in the early phase. For some of the less dangerous cell or islet cell xenotransplantation other categories might be recruited. The risk of cell and islet cell xenotransplantation should, however, be weighted against the development of other technologies. In order to safeguard the public, the opt-out clause in the Helsinki declaration should not be fully applied. Legally binding rules on obligatory monitoring and restrictions should be imposed--before clinical trials start.  (+info)

Human experimentation is a branch of medical research that involves conducting experiments on human subjects. According to the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki, which sets ethical standards for medical research involving human subjects, human experimentation is defined as "systematic study designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge."

Human experimentation can take many forms, including clinical trials of new drugs or medical devices, observational studies, and interventional studies. In all cases, the principles of informed consent, risk minimization, and respect for the autonomy and dignity of the research subjects must be strictly adhered to.

Human experimentation has a controversial history, with many instances of unethical practices and abuse, such as the notorious Tuskegee syphilis study in which African American men were deliberately left untreated for syphilis without their informed consent. As a result, there are strict regulations and guidelines governing human experimentation to ensure that it is conducted ethically and with the utmost respect for the rights and welfare of research subjects.

Nontherapeutic human experimentation refers to medical research studies in which the primary goal is not to directly benefit the participants, but rather to advance scientific knowledge or develop new medical technologies. These studies often involve some level of risk or discomfort for the participants, and may include the administration of experimental treatments, procedures, or interventions.

Nontherapeutic human experimentation can take many forms, including clinical trials, observational studies, and other types of research involving human subjects. In these studies, researchers must carefully weigh the potential benefits of the research against the risks to the participants, and ensure that all participants are fully informed of the nature of the study, its purposes, and any potential risks or benefits before providing their consent to participate.

It's important to note that nontherapeutic human experimentation is subject to strict ethical guidelines and regulations, designed to protect the rights and welfare of research participants. These guidelines and regulations are intended to ensure that all research involving human subjects is conducted in a responsible and ethical manner, with the goal of advancing scientific knowledge while minimizing harm to participants.

I am not a medical professional, but I can tell you that the term "war crimes" is a legal concept and does not fall under the category of medical definitions. War crimes are serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in armed conflicts. They include acts such as deliberate attacks on civilians or civilian infrastructure, torture, hostage-taking, and the use of weapons that cause unnecessary suffering or superfluous injury.

If you have any questions related to medical definitions or health-related topics, I would be happy to try to help answer them!

Therapeutic human experimentation, also known as clinical research or clinical trials, is a branch of medical research that involves the testing of new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures on human subjects. The goal of this type of research is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these interventions in order to determine whether they should be approved for use in clinical practice.

The term "therapeutic" is used to distinguish this type of research from non-therapeutic research, which does not involve direct medical benefit to the participant. In therapeutic human experimentation, participants may receive some potential direct medical benefit from their participation, although they may also experience risks or side effects.

Therapeutic human experimentation is subject to strict ethical guidelines and regulations, including informed consent, risk-benefit analysis, and independent review by ethics committees or institutional review boards (IRBs). These safeguards are designed to protect the rights and welfare of research participants and ensure that the research is conducted in a responsible and transparent manner.

Animal experimentation, also known as animal testing, refers to the use of non-human animals in scientific research and testing to understand the effects of various substances, treatments, or procedures on living organisms. This practice is performed with the goal of advancing medical and veterinary knowledge, developing new medications, treatments, and surgical techniques, as well as studying basic biological processes and diseases.

In animal experimentation, researchers expose animals to specific conditions, treatments, or substances and then analyze their responses, behaviors, physiological changes, or other outcomes. The selection of animal species for these experiments depends on the research question and the similarities between the animal model and the human or target species under investigation. Commonly used animals include mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, primates, and dogs.

Animal experimentation has been instrumental in numerous scientific breakthroughs and medical advancements throughout history. However, it remains a controversial topic due to ethical concerns regarding the treatment and welfare of animals used in research. Many organizations advocate for the reduction, refinement, or replacement (3Rs) of animal testing, aiming to minimize animal suffering and find alternative methods whenever possible.

"Animal rights" is a term that refers to the philosophical and moral stance that non-human animals have inherent value and basic rights to live free from exploitation, harm, and unnecessary suffering. This perspective holds that animals are not merely property or resources for human use, but sentient beings capable of experiencing pleasure and pain, just like humans.

The concept of animal rights is often associated with the abolitionist movement, which advocates for an end to all forms of animal exploitation, including farming, hunting, fishing, entertainment, experimentation, and clothing production. Instead, proponents of animal rights argue that animals should be treated with respect and compassion, and that their interests and well-being should be considered on par with those of humans.

It is important to note that the concept of animal rights can vary in scope and specifics, with some advocates focusing on certain species or issues, while others take a more comprehensive approach. Ultimately, the goal of the animal rights movement is to promote a more just and equitable relationship between humans and animals, based on respect for their inherent worth and dignity.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "human characteristics" is not a medical term or concept. It refers to the typical traits, attributes, and features that define humans as a species, both physically and behaviorally. Physical human characteristics include bipedal locomotion, large brains, and fine motor skills, while behavioral characteristics can include complex language use, self-awareness, and sociality.

However, if you have any specific medical or health-related questions, I would be happy to help answer them to the best of my ability!

Animal testing alternatives, also known as alternative methods or replacement methods, refer to scientific techniques that can be used to replace the use of animals in research and testing. These methods aim to achieve the same scientific objectives while avoiding harm to animals. There are several categories of animal testing alternatives:

1. In vitro (test tube or cell culture) methods: These methods involve growing cells or tissues in a laboratory setting, outside of a living organism. They can be used to study the effects of chemicals, drugs, and other substances on specific cell types or tissues.
2. Computer modeling and simulation: Advanced computer programs and algorithms can be used to model biological systems and predict how they will respond to various stimuli. These methods can help researchers understand complex biological processes without using animals.
3. In silico (using computer models) methods: These methods involve the use of computational tools and databases to predict the potential toxicity or other biological effects of chemicals, drugs, and other substances. They can be used to identify potential hazards and prioritize further testing.
4. Microdosing: This method involves giving human volunteers very small doses of a drug or chemical, followed by careful monitoring to assess its safety and pharmacological properties. This approach can provide valuable information while minimizing the use of animals.
5. Tissue engineering: Scientists can create functional tissue constructs using cells, scaffolds, and bioreactors. These engineered tissues can be used to study the effects of drugs, chemicals, and other substances on human tissues without using animals.
6. Human-based approaches: These methods involve the use of human volunteers, donated tissues, or cells obtained from consenting adults. Examples include microdosing, organ-on-a-chip technology, and the use of human cell lines in laboratory experiments.

These animal testing alternatives can help reduce the number of animals used in research and testing, refine experimental procedures to minimize suffering, and replace the use of animals with non-animal methods whenever possible.

Animal welfare is a concept that refers to the state of an animal's physical and mental health, comfort, and ability to express normal behaviors. It encompasses factors such as proper nutrition, housing, handling, care, treatment, and protection from harm and distress. The goal of animal welfare is to ensure that animals are treated with respect and consideration, and that their needs and interests are met in a responsible and ethical manner.

The concept of animal welfare is based on the recognition that animals are sentient beings capable of experiencing pain, suffering, and emotions, and that they have intrinsic value beyond their usefulness to humans. It is guided by principles such as the "Five Freedoms," which include freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury or disease, freedom to express normal behavior, and freedom from fear and distress.

Animal welfare is an important consideration in various fields, including agriculture, research, conservation, entertainment, and companionship. It involves a multidisciplinary approach that draws on knowledge from biology, ethology, veterinary medicine, psychology, philosophy, and law. Ultimately, animal welfare aims to promote the humane treatment of animals and to ensure their well-being in all aspects of their lives.

'Laboratory animals' are defined as non-human creatures that are used in scientific research and experiments to study various biological phenomena, develop new medical treatments and therapies, test the safety and efficacy of drugs, medical devices, and other products. These animals are kept under controlled conditions in laboratory settings and are typically purpose-bred for research purposes.

The use of laboratory animals is subject to strict regulations and guidelines to ensure their humane treatment and welfare. The most commonly used species include mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, dogs, cats, non-human primates, and fish. Other less common species may also be used depending on the specific research question being studied.

The primary goal of using laboratory animals in research is to advance our understanding of basic biological processes and develop new medical treatments that can improve human and animal health. However, it is important to note that the use of animals in research remains a controversial topic due to ethical concerns regarding their welfare and potential for suffering.

National Socialism, also known as Nazism, is not a medical term. It is a political ideology that originated in Germany in the early 20th century and was associated with the Nazi Party and its leader, Adolf Hitler. The ideology was characterized by extreme nationalism, racism, anti-Semitism, and totalitarianism.

While National Socialism is not a medical term, it has had significant impacts on the history of medicine, particularly during World War II when the Nazi regime implemented policies that led to the systematic persecution and murder of millions of people, including six million Jews in the Holocaust. The Nazi regime also conducted unethical medical experiments on prisoners in concentration camps, which have been widely condemned.

Therefore, while National Socialism is not a medical term, it is important for medical professionals to be aware of its historical context and the ways in which political ideologies can impact medical ethics and practice.

Human Rights in Human Experimentation: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 98. ISBN 978-0- ... Annas, George J. (1992). The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. Oxford University ... Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department Human experimentation in North Korea Unethical human experimentation in ... Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on prisoners by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps mainly ...
... is human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics. Such practices have ... Human Rights in Human Experimentation. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 105-107. Gardella, JE (1999). "The cost- ... is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human research ethics. Nazi Germany performed human experimentation on large ... Beecher had been writing about human experimentation and publicizing cases that he considered to be bad practice for nearly a ...
Nazi human experimentation Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services Unethical human experimentation Unethical human ... Human rights abuses in North Korea, Medical experimentation on prisoners, Torture in North Korea, Human subject research by ... Human experimentation in North Korea is an issue raised by some North Korean defectors and former prisoners. They have ... Human experimentation in North Korea has been described by several North Korean defectors, including former prisoner Lee Soon- ...
This is a list of countries banning non-human ape experimentation. The term non-human ape here refers to all members of the ... Banning in this case refers to the enactment of formal decrees prohibiting experimentation on non-human apes, though often with ... Experimentation on great apes-a smaller family within the ape superfamily-is currently banned in the European Union, the United ... debilitating condition endangering human beings is warranted, and no other species or alternative method would suffice in order ...
Annas, George J.; Grodin, Michael A. (1995). The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. ... Conahan, Frank (September 28, 1994). "Human Experimentation An Overview of Cold War Experimentation Programs" (PDF). United ... apology for Human Radiation Experiments Physicians for Human Rights Accuses CIA of Carrying Out Illegal Human Experimentation ... Human Subject Research and Experimentation in the "Enhanced" Interrogation Program, Physicians for Human Rights, June 2010 See ...
Human scientific self-experimentation principally (though not necessarily) falls into the fields of medicine and psychology. ... Self-experimentation has a long and well-documented history in medicine which continues to the present day. For example, after ... Self-experimentation refers to single-subject research in which the experimenter conducts the experiment on themselves. Usually ... Also referred to as Personal science or N-of-1 research, self-experimentation is an example of citizen science, since it can ...
During the second World War, Nazi human experimentation occurred in Germany with particular bias towards euthanasia. At the ... Human subject research, Prisoner abuse, Medical experimentation on prisoners). ... Human Guinea Pigs. New York Times. Skloot, Rebecca (2010). The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. New York: Broadway Paperbacks ... The Plutonium Files, for which Eileen Welsome won a Pulitzer Prize, documents the early human tests of the toxicity of ...
History and theory of human experimentation: the Declaration of Helsinki and modern medical ethics. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner ... Human Experimentation used in the Nuremberg Code. A notable change from the Nuremberg Code was a relaxation of the conditions ... "Human Experimentation. Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki". British Medical Journal. 2 ( ... is a set of ethical principles regarding human experimentation developed originally in 1964 for the medical community by the ...
... nonconsensual human experimentation; and war crimes." The following joint statement from the plaintiffs and the defendants was ... The lawsuit, based on the Alien Tort Statute, alleged Mitchell and Jessen committed gross human rights violations "for their ... with a bucket for human waste, and without notable heat during the winter months." Detainees were forced to stand with their ...
Haugen, David M.; Musser, Susan (2007). Human Embryo Experimentation. Paul, Ron (Chapter 9: No form of stem cell research ... Rockwell, Lew (December 13, 2010). "Ron Paul, Defender of Human Dignity". LewRockwell.com. "Ron Paul on Education: Republican ...
Cormier LA (15 September 2011). "Ethics: Human Experimentation". The ten-thousand year fever: rethinking human and wild primate ... cynomolgi from human to human by a mosquito vector has also been shown in laboratory experiments. P. cynomolgi also infects a ... Singh, B.; Kadir, K.A.; Hu, T.H.; Raja, T.N.; Mohamad, D.S.; Lin, L.W.; Hii, K.C. (August 2018). "Naturally acquired human ... Infection of humans with P. cynomolgi was once thought to be exceedingly rare. However, documented cases of natural infection ...
... non-consensual human experimentation; and war crimes-"all of which are violations of 'specific, universal, and obligatory' ... In 2015, Human Rights Watch called for the prosecution of Jessen "for [his] alleged direct participation in torture, often ... Human Rights Watch. December 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015. McLaughlin, Jenna (October 13, 2015). "Former U.S. Detainees Sue ... Visit to the United States and Guantánamo Detention Facility by the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human ...
"No form of stem cell research should be federally funded (Chapter 9)." In: Human Embryo Experimentation. Edited by David M. ...
Mulford, R.D. (1967). "Experimentation on Human Beings". Stanford Law Review. 20 (1): 99-117. doi:10.2307/1227417. JSTOR ... Tests Indicate Victims Lack Some Mechanisms That Well Human Being Has Cancer Recurred Deficiency Is Noted Warning by Southam". ...
Mulford, R.D. (1967). "Experimentation on Human Beings". Stanford Law Review. 20 (1): 99-117. doi:10.2307/1227417. JSTOR ... He ran many experiments involving the injection of live cancer cells into human subjects, without disclosing that they were ... Tests Indicate Victims Lack Some Mechanisms That Well Human Being Has Cancer Recurred Deficiency Is Noted Warning by Southam". ...
How Human Experimentation Works. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved 2016-01-12. Podcast Archive (Articles with short description, Short ... Why do humans have body hair?. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved 2016-01-04. How can a lake explode?. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved 2016-01- ... Is spontaneous human combustion real?. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved 2016-01-12. What's a brownfield remediation project?. ...
... non-consensual human experimentation; and war crimes - "all of which are violations of 'specific, universal, and obligatory' ... In 2015, Human Rights Watch called for the prosecution of Jessen "for [his] alleged direct participation in torture, often ... Human Rights Watch. December 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015. McLaughlin, Jenna (October 13, 2015). "Former U.S. Detainees Sue ...
Mulford, R.D. (1967). "Experimentation on Human Beings". Stanford Law Review. 20 (1): 99-117. doi:10.2307/1227417. JSTOR ... while telling them that they were normal human cells. Southam was eventually convicted of fraud, deceit and unprofessional ...
Subjects or objects? Prisoners and human experimentation. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1806-1807. Lerner BH. When diseases disappear- ...
Nazi human experimentation Sweet, Frederick; Csapó-Sweet, Rita M. (December 2012). "Clauberg's eponym and crimes against ...
"Informed Consent to Human Experimentation". Springer Publishing Company. Retrieved 26 September 2013. "PUBLIC LAW 114-255-DEC. ... Annas, Glantz, Katz, George, Leonard, Barbara (1977). Informed Consent to Human Experimentation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: ... prior and informed consent Human experimentation Informed assent Informed refusal International Conference on Harmonisation of ... According to 10 USC 980, the United States Code for the Armed Forces, Limitations on the Use of Humans as Experimental Subjects ...
1990). Human experimentation and antivivisection in turn-of-the-century America. University Microfilms. OCLC 997444549. ( ... Lederer's dissertation was titled Human experimentation and antivivisection in turn-of-the-century America. Her advisor was ... Lederer, Susan E. (1997). Subjected to science: human experimentation. The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0801857090. ...
Krugman engaged in human experimentation. Under his direction, a number of children with intellectual disabilities were ... Human experimentation in the United States "Saul Krugman". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2023-09-29. "Case: Willowbrook ... From 1958 to 1964, Krugman conducted human testing and trials with live hepatitis virus. After subjects, Krugman and his team ... The results of these studies were acquired through unethical medical practices involving experimentation on disabled children, ...
There are three characteristics which are the make-up of a market experimentation: Experimental subjects - Humans are usually ... Marketing experimentation is a research method which can be defined as "the act of conducting such an investigation or test". ... Marketing experimentation is commonly used to find the best method for maximizing revenues through the acquisition of new ... cite web}}: Check ,url= value (help) Keller, Godfrey (July 1999). "MARKET EXPERIMENTATION IN A DYNAMIC DIFFERENTIATED-GOODS ...
... : Experimentation on Man is a book about unethical human experimentation, written by Maurice Pappworth and ... "Human Guinea Pigs Experimentation on Man". Mental Health. 26 (3): 38. PMC 5092581. Baker, Robert (2020). "18. Human guinea-pigs ... "Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on Man". Routledge & CRC Press. v t e (Books with missing cover, Medical ethics, Ethics ... "Human guinea pigs. Experimentation on man". The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 19 (95): 364. June 1970 ...
Roberts I, Kwan I, Evans P, Haig S (February 2002). "Does animal experimentation inform human healthcare? Observations from a ... They have developed a microfluidic human-on-a-chip, culturing four different cell types to mimic four human organs: liver, lung ... Culture cells were grown on either side of the membrane: human alveolar epithelial cells on one side, and human pulmonary ... Human skin is the first line of defense against many pathogens and can itself be subject to a variety of diseases and issues, ...
Experimentation with human beings; the authority of the investigator, subject, professions, and state in the human ... p. 7. reprinted in Katz (1972). Experimentation with human beings, pp. 342-343. Cohen, Richard M. (February 7, 1970). "Genetic ... p. 5. reprinted in Katz (1972). Experimentation with human beings, pp. 343-344. Bauer, Diane (May 4, 1970). "Criminal-prone ... p. 1. reprinted in Katz (1972). Experimentation with human beings, p. 344. "Congenital criminals?". Newsweek. Vol. 75, no. 20. ...
Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on Man named those responsible for the research and fully cited its sources. It detailed ... 1978 ISBN 0 407 62603 4 Human Guinea Pigs. Experimentation on man. London: Beacon Press 1968. ISBN 978 0 80702191 0 Published ... Pappworth, Maurice Henry (1967). Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on Man. Routledge and Kegan Paul. ISBN 978-0-8070-2191-0. " ... but ultimately helped lead to stricter codes of practice for human experimentation. Maurice Henry Papperovitch was born on 9 ...
Human Rights in Human Experimentation. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-19-977226-1. Cymes, Michel (2015- ... "Human Experimentation at Ravensbrück Concentration Camp". 13 December 2016. Dawson, Mackenzie (2016-05-08). "After Hitler's pal ... A survivor of Ravensbrück called Oberheuser "a beast masquerading as a human". In 1937, Oberheuser obtained her medical degree ... Nazi human subject research, German people convicted of crimes against humanity, People from the Rhine Province, Women in Nazi ...
Kaye, Jeffery (September 27, 2009). "Smoking Gun on CIA Torture Conspiracy? Human Experimentation Central to EIT Program". ... Morgan has written over 100 peer reviewed science papers about PTSD and the nature of acute stress on human cognition and ... Another article by Morgan and his team looked at dissociative psychological effects of SERE techniques upon human subjects. ( ... Assessment of Humans Experiencing Uncontrollable Stress: The SERE Course,' in Special Warfare (PDF), Morgan and his Special ...
Human Rights in Human Experimentation: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 98. ISBN 978-0- ... Annas, George J. (1992). The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. Oxford University ... Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department Human experimentation in North Korea Unethical human experimentation in ... Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on prisoners by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps mainly ...
When one researches about the medical ethics in human experimentation, it is difficult to disregard the harsh realities of it. ... The Pros And Cons Of Human Experimentation. Human experimentation has lead to advancements on the knowledge on how humans ... Opposition To Human Experimentation. I am on the opposition and I oppose to human experimentation. According to studies by the ... Is Human Experimentation Ethical?. The topic for the debate was whether human experimentation is ethical or unethical. I am the ...
Informed consent in human experimentation before the Nuremberg code BMJ 1996; 313 :1445 doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7070.1445 ... New research, however, indicates that ethical issues of informed consent in guidelines for human experimentation were ... controversy and public debate ensued about the ethics of human experimentation.1 2 3 4 ... Informed consent in human experimentation before the Nuremberg code. BMJ 1996; 313 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7070. ...
Posted in *English , Tagged FOIA, human experimentation, Inequality, ingestion, injection, Lisa Martino-Taylor, Nuclear Weapons ... Tag Archives: human experimentation Breaking News: Secret US military testing of radiological materials on poor and minority ...
The Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) says that it should also be framed as illegal and unethical human experimentation. ... This was human experimentation on nonconsenting prisoners who were being tortured, a crime within a crime." ... "Theres evidence that CIA personnel recognized that illegal human experimentation was taking place. The CIAs own contracts ... Michael Cook edits BioEdge, a bioethics newsletter, and MercatorNet, an on-line magazine whose focus is human dignity. He ...
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Mobilizing health workers for the protection of human rights and the promotion of the right to health ...
... called on the Senate to vote in support of life and against lethal human experimentation by voting for S. 2754, the Alternative ... It would prevent the use of human fetal tissue (such as fetal stem cells) obtained by growing human embryos in a human or ... He said, "CLS supports a national prohibition on such grotesque forms of lethal human experimentation for the same legal and ... Christian Legal Society calls on the United States Senate to Vote in Support of Life and Against Lethal Human Experimentation ...
Human experimentation Since the beginning of mankind we have managed to be the dominate species of the Earth; however, we are ... Human Experimentation. I Paige disagree with human experimentation and feel we need To stop the human cruelty. Many things have ... The Pros And Cons Of Human Experimentation. Human experimentation is nothing new to the human race. Thousands of years ago the ... Pros And Cons Of Human Experimentation. Human Experimentation - Position Paper II. Background (paragraph form) Human ...
"Human experimentation is repugnant, and offensive to the post-WWII legacy that our nations veterans fought and died to ... The new Physicians for Human Rights report on research and experimentation by the CIA suggests that psychologists and other ... The CIA has denied the allegations and has refused to investigate evidence of experimentation presented by Physicians for Human ... "Until senior officials responsible for human experimentation and torture programs face justice, our nation will continue to ...
... Dana Yeo. March 21, 2013. ... The most arousing issue to emerge from the human experimentation of the Cold War Era is the topic of informed consent. Though ... Due to the multi-generational timespan and sheer scope of the human experimentation sponsored by the government throughout this ... human experimentation. The pregnant women treated at Vanderbilt won a $10.3 million lawsuit against the university, along with ...
human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics ... unethical human experimentation. human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics ...
Human Experimentation. https://www.lewrockwell.com/2015/06/david-swanson/human-experimentation/ ... Will the USG Wipe Out the Human Race?. https://www.lewrockwell.com/2014/03/david-swanson/will-the-usg-wipe-out-the-human-race/ ...
"Human Experimentation" by people in this website by year, and whether "Human Experimentation" was a major or minor topic of ... "Human Experimentation" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Human Experimentation" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Human Experimentation". ...
Human experimentation[edit]. Mairanovsky and his colleagues tested a variety of lethal poisons on prisoners from the Gulags, ... In addition to human experimentation, Mairanovsky personally executed people with poisons, under the supervision of Sudoplatov. ... Poisons capable of killing humans. The poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, alternatively known as Laboratory 1, ... Karinna Moskalenko, a human rights lawyer who defended Litvinenko and other anti-Putin dissidents in court. She fell ill from ...
Interrogation or Experimentation? Assessing Non-Consensual Human Experimentation During the War on Terror Duke Journal of ... Valuing Life: A Human Rights Perspective on the Calculus of Regulation Law and Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice, ... international law, human rights, cost-benefit analysis, VSL, value of a statistical life, right to life ... Two Stories About Skin Color and International Human Rights Advocacy 14 Washington University Global Studies Law Review 563 ( ...
Sign Petition Protest ongoing nonconsensual human experimentations ! Bring human rights abusers to justice!! Posted by ron on ... Bring human rights abusers to justiceJuly 03, 2003Dear Mr. Ramcharan,I , a victim of the nonconsensual human experimentation, ... ILLEGAL HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION IS BEING COVERED UP BY THE MENTAL HEALTH ACT. Posted by Gretta Fahey on August 27, 2018 at 5:00pm ... HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION RAMPANT IN THE UNITED STATES Posted by FREEDOM FIGHTERS FOR AMERICA on March 28, 2016 at 6:15am ...
Acres of Skin - Human Experimentation at Holmesburg Prison. Book review by Anil Pundlik Gokhale Acres of Skin-Human experiments ... Human Experimentation: US to Apologize for Medical Atrocities in Guatemala John Doe Friday, October 1, 2010. 5 Comment ... Human Experimentation: Vietnam Veterans want CIA Sanctioned John Doe Saturday, August 28, 2010. 5 Comment ... Human Experimentation is a CIA Habit John Doe Thursday, July 2, 2015. 5 Comment ...
Ukrainian Biolabs: Targeted Bioweapons, Human Experimentation & Ethnic Cleansing. 754 views - Published on Jan 28, 2023 at 17: ...
Fahs-Beck Fund for Research and Experimentation. C/O The New York Community Trust 909 Third Avenue 22nd Floor New York, NY ... Fahs-Beck Fund for Research and Experimentation Communications and Inquires. James Herbert Williams, PhD.. Program Officer. ... Survivor or Laborer: How Human Service Managers Perceive Sex Workers?. edit By bhadmin • February 2, 2021 ... This article uses qualitative interviews with managers of human service organizations in the city of Chicago to determine how ...
Experimentation on a human being is the experimentation of humans to help find cures and to help fight off things like ... Human Experimentation Persuasive Essay. 944 Words , 4 Pages. If someone searches human experimentation online it will tell you ... There is a lot of debate over human experimentation and whether it is right, if it works, or if it is needed at all. ... When it comes to researches involving human subjects, grisly thoughts comes to mind remembering the unethical handling of human ...
Blow to human-embryo-experimentation hub. Posted on February 22, 2023 by biglychee ... was handed a prison term in 2019 for illegally experimenting on human embryos… ...
Theoretical and Practical Possibilities in Human Embryo Experimentation *Davor Solter, D. Beyleveld, M. B. Friele, J. Hołówka, ... ranging from a discussion of the theoretical and practical possibilities in human-embryo experimentation and its alternatives ... Topics: Theory of Medicine/Bioethics, Social Sciences, general, Ethics, Human Genetics, Genetic Engineering, Philosophy, ... Attitudes toward Embryo Experimentation in Europe *Davor Solter, D. Beyleveld, M. B. Friele, J. Hołówka, H. Lilie, R. Lovell- ...
Experimentation on Man by M. H. Pappworth In 1967, before the first heart transplants were performed, Human Guinea Pigs was ... already the storm-centre of a passionate dispute about the medical ethics of hospital experiments on human beings. In this ... Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on Man by M. H. Pappworth. In 1967, before the first heart transplants were performed, Human ... Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on Man by M. H. Pappworth. Regular price $52.00 ...
Sample Essay on Experimentation and Research on Human Subjects. Research and experimentation is usually marked by ethical and ... One of the primary arguments against using human subjects is the human error-prone nature of research and experimentation. In ... Ethical tensions are exacerbated when humans are used as test subjects in experimentation and research. Despite the litany of ... In occlusion, human are important test subjects which offer a deep insight into various variables through better result and ...
Ballinger, c1977. Description: xix, 333 pISBN: 9780884101475; 0884101479Subject(s): Human Experimentation , Informed Consent , ... Informed consent to human experimentation : the subjects dilemma / George J. Annas, Leonard H. Glantz, Barbara F. Katz. By: ...
NEW ZEALAND TO PROCEED WITH IVF EXPERIMENTATION ON HUMAN EMBRYOS CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND, May 9, 2002 (LSN.ca) - New Zealand ... Kenney, who is Canadian Alliance M.P. for Calgary Southeast, said: "A human embryo is a living human being. This is not an ... the Canadian Cancer Society continues to support the human experimentation. In a form letter response the Cancer Society said ... guidelines for human embryonic stem cell research will "ensure that human embryonic stem cell research takes place in a […] ...
"Infectability of human BrainSphere neurons suggests neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2", ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation ... Infectability of human BrainSphere neurons suggests neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 Article Sidebar. ... We employed a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)- derived BrainSphere model, which we used earlier for Zika, Dengue, ... Thomas Hartung, Food for Thought ... the first ten years , ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation: Vol. 34 No. 2 (2017 ...
Japanese doctors human experimentation in wartime China: Ethical challenges and socio-cultural dimensions. By Principal ... Moral quandaries in healthcare, life sciences, and biotechnologies do not respect natural and human boundaries, the boundaries ...
Rickham, P. P. Human experimentation. Code of ethics of the world medical association. Declaration of helsinki. Br. Med. J. 2, ... The present study was performed in accordance with the guideline for human studies adopted by the Medical Review Board of Gifu ...
  • Justin Pitts had made efforts to report violations of security clearance and abusive experimentation on Americans, going up the chain of command as per his Army training. (everydayconcerned.net)
  • Scientific researchers may be able to obtain institutional facilities for research on humans who are not always in a position to give their free consent. (uia.org)
  • In particular, no one shall be subjected without his free consent to medical or scientific experimentation. (yahoo.com)
  • Medical experimentation on human subjects without their knowledge or consent? (rorotoko.com)
  • Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on prisoners by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps mainly between 1942 and 1945. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nazi human experimentation (from l. to r. (do-you-see-him.com)
  • High-value detainees captured during the Bush administration's "war on terror," who were subjected to brutal torture techniques, were used as "guinea pigs" to gauge the effectiveness of various torture techniques, a practice that has raised troubling comparisons to Nazi-era human experimentation. (veracityradio.com)
  • One would assume this bizarre brand of medical experimentation on humans is a mere relic from the World War II days when Nazi prisoners were used as human guinea pigs, but it is clearly still happening to today to innocent children in the Third World. (pakalertpress.com)
  • An empirical approach to HIV vaccine development relies on observation and experimentation to quickly move vaccine candidates into human clinical trials. (nih.gov)
  • This utilitarian approach to "balancing values" provides a highly flawed ethical framework that has been used to justify other immoral biomedical research projects like the German medical experiments on prisoners during the Second World War, human embryonic stem cell research, and other forms of exploitative human experimentation. (northtexascatholic.org)
  • This risks sweeping away the vital interests of human subjects in a tide of appeals to societal utility or medical progress. (northtexascatholic.org)
  • Moral codes to be followed when human subjects are used for experimentation have been adopted by the Nuremberg Tribunal, the Helsinki Declaration, and USA, UK and French medical associations. (uia.org)
  • Such acts may be seen as the conduct of research and experimentation by health professionals on prisoners, which could violate accepted standards of medical ethics, as well as domestic and international law. (veracityradio.com)
  • Written by medical and psychological experts, some of who have worked with victims of torture, the report said the research and experimentation on detainees violate medical professional standards, the Geneva Conventions on treatment of detainees, and international law based on the Nuremberg principles that were embraced by the civilized world after it was revealed that the Nazis engaged in medical atrocities on prisoners during World War II. (veracityradio.com)
  • 138 MPs, to date, are now calling for UAR to submit the name of their scientist for a rigorous public medical debate - overseen by independent experts from the relevant fields of science - about false claims that laboratory animal models can predict the responses of human patients. (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • Scientists from the wider community, outside the animal-based research sector, are increasingly reporting on the failure of animal models for human patients, including the Editor in Chief of the British Medical Journal and pharmaceutical companies . (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • Add in the gruesome history of human medical trials, the disagreements between experts, and the immediacy of a global pandemic, and you're left with an ethical conundrum that exposes both the movement's promise and its potential perils. (discovermagazine.com)
  • There were hundreds of medical students each year who needed to dissect human cadavers to learn anatomy and to gain certification of their skills, but the only type of cadaver that was available legally were convicted, executed murderers, and there simply were not enough murderers in Scotland to keep up with the medical school demand. (rorotoko.com)
  • The American Tradition Institute Environmental Law Center (ATI) issued a complaint against the Agency last Friday , stating it "failed to comply with laws controlling human experimentation" in studies that were apparently testing the effect of "fine particles" on human subjects who were "more susceptible to the effects of air pollutants," in other words, participants who were already ill. (criticalunity.org)
  • Schnare feels it his obligation to expose the EPA's experiments as members of his own family were unwilling participants of experimentation conducted at the Buchenwald concentration camp in 1945. (criticalunity.org)
  • Working in close collaboration with the radiochemistry laboratory of Dr. Victor Pike, my laboratory uses in vivo imaging to evaluate novel positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands, first in animals, then in healthy human participants, and finally in patients. (nih.gov)
  • Since coronavirus gain-of-function research began, three new coronaviruses have emerged, causing severe illness in humans. (newstarget.com)
  • Rascher published an article on his experience of using Polygal, without detailing the nature of the human trials, and set up a company staffed by prisoners to manufacture the substance. (wikipedia.org)
  • The essence of the ethical and legal protections for human subjects is that the subjects, especially vulnerable populations such as prisoners, must be treated with the dignity befitting human beings and not simply as experimental guinea pigs," the PHR report said. (veracityradio.com)
  • Frank Donaghue, PHR's chief executive officer, said the report appears to demonstrate that the CIA violated "all accepted legal and ethical standards put in place since the Second World War to protect prisoners from being the subjects of experimentation. (veracityradio.com)
  • This theory had never been - and could not legally or ethically be - tested, and their program involved not only torturing prisoners but experimenting on them in violation of the international ban on non-consensual human experimentation. (aclu.org)
  • During World War II, the Japanese operated a secret biological warfare research facility in Manchuria and carried out human experiments on Chinese prisoners. (medscape.com)
  • The EPA, and Jackson in her official capacity, are targeted in the lawsuit for knowingly "conducting experiments on humans that involved exposing those persons to toxic substances the Agency believes will cause death and which the Agency therefore regulates under the auspices of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S. C. Chapter 85. (criticalunity.org)
  • Patients Campaigning For Cures The PR company for animal experimentation fails science AND morality, for human patients! (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • Patients Campaigning For Cures raise awareness of the vital moral issue of human suffering and death, caused by the now proven failure of animal experiments to help in the search for effective treatments and cures. (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • This human aspect is often overlooked in questioning the morality of animal experiments. (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • My laboratory has multidisciplinary expertise in pharmacology, animal experimentation, clinical neuroscience, digital image analysis, and human evaluation of investigational radiopharmaceuticals. (nih.gov)
  • Every conceivable law and regulation covering human experimentation has been violated. (farmwars.info)
  • A bill for regulation of scientific experimentation upon human beings and animals in District of Columbia. (nih.gov)
  • Our government officials are well aware that these crimes are taking place on a national scale and originate within the U.S. Military Intelligence complex, yet have done nothing to stop them, out of fear that they would become targeted for such non consensual human experimentation. (blogspot.com)
  • In 1955, the CIA also released a bacteria withdrawn from the Army's biological warfare arsenal over Tampa Bay, Fl in order to test its ability to infect human populations with biological agents," Paul Watson wrote. (criticalunity.org)
  • Biological warfare became more sophisticated against both animals and humans during the 20th century. (medscape.com)
  • A utilitarian approach to justifying scientific research on humans usually implies that we need to "balance" the value of new scientific discoveries against the dignity of human experimental subjects. (northtexascatholic.org)
  • In addition to Amnesty International's list, we'll also look at what Boston Center for Refugee Health and Human Rights cites as five common forms of torture, including burns, penetrating injuries, asphyxiation, forced human experimentation and traumatic removal of tissue and appendages. (yahoo.com)
  • In 2000, human rights group Amnesty International and African social sciences organization CODESRIA (Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa) published a handbook for watchdog groups monitoring prisons with suspected torture. (yahoo.com)
  • Health professionals working for and on behalf of the CIA monitored the interrogations of detainees, collected and analyzed the results of [the] interrogations, and sought to derive generalizable inferences to be applied to subsequent interrogations," said the 27-page report , entitled "Experiments in Torture: Human Subject Research and Evidence of Experimentation in the 'Enhanced' Interrogation Program. (veracityradio.com)
  • Two collections of his writings have been published: Writings on an Ethical Life, which he edited, and Unsanctifying Human Life, edited by Helga Kuhse. (videolectures.net)
  • This article examines how human security is measured from a development agency perspective in Ghana. (fahsbeckfund.org)
  • I also speak of how this fits into colonizing both 'the other' (Non-white peoples and nature) and how vivisection on non-human animals today is connected to the interlocking system of oppression and suffering that allowed Dr. Sims to repeatedly cut into black female slave's vagina's (without anesthesia, remorse, or regret). (abreezeharper.com)
  • And today, current understanding of evolutionary biology and complexity science has delivered Trans-Species Modeling Theory , which explains how and why animals fail as predictive models of humans. (patientscampaigningforcures.org)
  • New analysis published Thursday of a 5000-year-old cow skull with holes drilled into it suggest Neolithic people practiced brain surgery on animals before trying it on humans. (euronews.com)
  • Like the inverse of what furries do - real animals wearing fake human adornments. (halfbakery.com)
  • The book's engrossing subject demonstrates an acute sensitivity to the wide ranging orangutan sensibility and offers a phenomenology of zooed apes in how they're expected to fit into a human life-world. (leonardo.info)
  • Furthermore, a 2010 federal study commissioned by Health and Human Services and performed by Harvard consultants found " fewer than 1% of vaccine adverse events " are ever reported to VAERS. (naturalnews.com)
  • Department of Health and Human Services. (nih.gov)
  • Meeting Minutes Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Advisory Council CALL TO ORDER Dr. Rodgers Dr. Rodgers called to order the 195th meeting of the National Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Advisory Council at 8:30 a.m., May 14, 2014, in Conference Room 10, Building 31, the NIH Campus, Bethesda, Maryland. (nih.gov)
  • U.S.C. 669(a)(6) which authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services, following a written request from any employer and authorized representative of employees, to determine whether any substance normally found in the place of employment has potentially toxic effects in such concentrations as used or found. (cdc.gov)
  • The negative norm, which requires that one should never harm, exploit, or destroy human life in the pursuit of laudable research goals, can only be fulfilled in one way: by refusing to violate the norm. (northtexascatholic.org)
  • When Patel signed up for the Oxford trial, he became one of nearly 40,000 people around the world who volunteered for infection through 1Day Sooner, a nonprofit that advocates for the wider adoption of human challenge trials. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Casual experimentation (much to the chegrin of my friend) has proven human wigs insufficient. (halfbakery.com)
  • SACHRP will discuss issues pertaining to HHS conducted or supported human subjects research. (nih.gov)
  • Mengele used Auschwitz as an opportunity to continue his anthropological studies and research into heredity, using inmates for human experimentation . (do-you-see-him.com)
  • NIAID-supported scientists are working toward an HIV vaccine from two complementary angles: an empirical approach that quickly moves vaccine candidates into human testing, and a theoretical approach that designs vaccine candidates based on an understanding of the immune response to HIV infection. (nih.gov)
  • according to a disturbing new report released by Physicians for Human Rights, an international doctors' organization. (veracityradio.com)
  • As recent as yesterday, we covered a report put out by KSDK centered on Cold War experimentation conducted on the population of St. Louis and various other cities during the 50s and 60s testing the effects of zinc cadmium sulfide, a known toxic substance, on unsuspecting citizens. (criticalunity.org)
  • The US Environmental Protection Agency and its Administrator Lisa Jackson are on the defendant's end of a federal lawsuit claiming the Agency conducted illegal human experimentation on unsuspecting study volunteers. (criticalunity.org)
  • PET measurement of cyclooxygenase-2 using a novel radioligand: upregulation in primate neuroinflammation and first-in-human study. (nih.gov)
  • For the Tuskegee experiments, the usefulness was the knowledge gained through studying the progression of syphilis in human patients, including what consequences (like blindness, insanity) typically can be expected to occur, at what stages, etc. (northtexascatholic.org)
  • Human subjects for experimentation (in order to acquire knowledge rather than improve the subject's condition) may be coerced into participation or participating unknowingly. (uia.org)
  • The research raises exciting possibilities for human patients who have lost limbs through diseases like Diabetes or a trauma. (euronews.com)
  • And the value of a modern human body, with all saleable parts intact, has been estimated between $100,000 and $400,000. (rorotoko.com)
  • The robot insects are fitted with a special tiny backpack powered by a solar cell and can be deployed in areas too dangerous for humans. (euronews.com)
  • The main function of the Krebs cycle is to produce energy, stored and transported as ATP or GTP, to keep the human body up and running. (howstuffworks.com)
  • The limitations of NGO assessment of human security are examined, and recommendations offered on how to improve measurement. (fahsbeckfund.org)