Crohn Disease
Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
Two way push videoenteroscopy in investigation of small bowel disease. (1/280)
AIMS: To evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of a new push type videoenteroscope (PVE) for diagnosis of small bowel disease. METHODS: Three hundred and thirteen patients were referred for one or two way PVE from December 1993 to June 1996. Indications for PVE were: an unexplained iron deficiency anaemia with or without clinically evident gastrointestinal bleeding; or a complementary investigation for suspected small bowel disease, after a small bowel barium follow through (SBBFT) considered as normal or abnormal, but without a definite diagnosis. RESULTS: A jejunoscopy and a retrograde ileoscopy were carried out in 306 and 234 patients, respectively. In patients with isolated anaemia (n = 131) and those with clinically evident gastrointestinal bleeding associated anaemia (n = 72), PVE provided a diagnosis in 26 (19.8%) and 22 (30.5%) cases, respectively. Lesions found were located in the jejunoileum in 30 (14.7%) patients and in the gastroduodenum or the colon in 18 (8.8%) patients--that is, within the reach of the conventional gastroscope/colonoscope. In patients with normal (n = 54) or abnormal (n = 56) SBBFT, PVE provided a diagnosis in 17 (31%) and 27 (48%) cases, respectively. In 25% of cases, the abnormal appearance of SBBFT was not confirmed. The site of the radiological abnormality was not reached in 27% of cases. Lesions were located at the jejunum and the ileum in 59 (64%) and 33 (36%) cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PVE is useful in around 30% of cases of unexplained anaemia or after an SBBFT which failed to provide an accurate aetiological diagnosis. Use of retrograde videoenteroscopy increases diagnostic yield by one third. (+info)Small intestinal ulceration secondary to carcinoid tumour arising in a Meckel's diverticulum. (2/280)
A solitary small intestinal ulcer associated with a carcinoid tumour in a nearby Meckel's diverticulum was found in a 77 year old man presenting with massive rectal bleeding. Angiography and a radioisotope study localised the bleeding to the ileum. At operation, the Meckel's diverticulum was identified, with bleeding from an ulcer just distal to it. Pathological examination revealed a small carcinoid tumour confined to the Meckel's diverticulum. Close to the opening of the diverticulum, within the ileum, a well demarcated ulcer was present. Histology showed a non-specific ulcer which eroded a large blood vessel. This is the first documented occurrence of solitary small intestinal ulceration in association with a carcinoid tumour. Carcinoid tumour should be added to the list of possible causes of small intestinal ulceration. The ulceration may be secondary to release of cytokines by the tumour. (+info)The effect of octreotide on postoperative adhesion formation. (3/280)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of octreotide, a long-acting analogue of somatostatin, on postoperative adhesion formation, because somatostatin inhibits secretion of some growth factors that have modulatory effects on collagen synthesis. DESIGN: An experimental study. SETTING: Surgical Research and Biochemistry laboratories at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. SUBJECTS: Male Swiss albino mice. INTERVENTIONS: Both sides of a 5-cm ileal segment from Swiss albino mice were scraped 10 times, and transient ischemia was induced by clamping the segmental artery. Animals were injected subcutaneously with 1 mL/d of saline for 3 days (group 1), a single 5-mL intraperitoneal dose of saline (group 2), subcutaneously with 10 micrograms/kg daily of octreotide for 3 days (group 3) or a single 10 micrograms/kg intraperitoneal dose of octreotide (group 4). In half of the animals repeat laparotomy was performed on postoperative day 5. After adhesions were graded, the scraped ileal segments were excised for determination of hydroxyproline quantity. The same procedure was repeated on postoperative day 14 for the remaining animals. OUTCOME MEASURES: Adhesion grading, hydroxyproline levels. RESULTS: On postoperative day 5, the intraperitoneal octreotide group (group 4) had a significantly lower median adhesion score than groups 1 and 2. On postoperative day 14, both octreotide groups (3 and 4) had a significantly lower median adhesion grading than both saline groups (1 and 2). Hydroxyproline levels of the groups were not significantly different on either day 5 or day 14. CONCLUSION: Octreotide has a beneficial effect in decreasing adhesion formation in the early postoperative period. (+info)Multilocular pyogenic hepatic abscess complicating ascaris lumbricoides infestation. (4/280)
A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with frequent right flank pain. The multiple multilocular hepatic abscesses were revealed by computed tomography. Radiographs following a barium meal showed a linear filling defect in the ileum consistent with ascariasis. One day after treatment with pyrantel pamoate, an Ascaris was passed in the stool. The pyogenic hepatic abscesses gradually healed with both antibiotics and continuous drainage. After 2 months, he was discharged. In this case, the pyogenic hepatic abscesses were thus considered to have been caused by an inflammation which spread through the portal vein. (+info)Acute bowel perforation in a fetus with gastroschisis. (5/280)
Gastroschisis is a congenital anomaly with a reported incidence of 1 in 10,000 live births. Although prenatal diagnosis is more common with the widespread use of biochemical markers and obstetric ultrasound, the role of ultrasound in the identification of the fetus that might need early intervention has not been established. Acute bowel perforation was diagnosed by ultrasound at 34 weeks gestation in a fetus with gastroschisis. An immediate Cesarean section was performed, followed by repair with primary closure. The neonatal outcome was favorable. The post-partum findings, including bowel pathology, confirmed the antenatal diagnosis. Acute bowel perforation can be diagnosed antenatally. Immediate intervention, before further bowel injury occurs, might enhance the ability of the surgeon to perform primary closure and obtain a favorable outcome. (+info)Laparoscopic-assisted resection of ileal lipoma causing ileo-ileo-colic intussusception. (6/280)
Adult intussusception is rare, and the majority of cases has an underlying cause that requires surgical resection. We report a case of a 39 yr-old man with ileo-ileo-colic intussusception caused by ileal lipoma that was successfully managed by a laparoscopic-assisted surgical maneuver. Using a three-cannula technique, ileo-colic intussusception was reduced laparoscopically. Then, through a 4-cm transverse incision in the right lower quadrant abdomen, ileo-ileal intussusception was reduced manually, and a resection of the tumor-bearing ileal segment and end-to-end anastomosis was performed extracorporeally. Although the role of laparoscopy in managing intussusception is not clearly defined, laparoscopy may be an alternative approach to the surgical treatment of adult intussusception in selected cases. (+info)Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to cytomegalovirus ileal ulcers in an immunocompetent man. (7/280)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are commonly reported in severely immunocompromised hosts and ulcers of the alimentary tract are frequently observed in systemic CMV infections. However, invasive and ulcerative disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by CMV has also been reported in healthy adults. Many reports show that a CMV infection can produce localized ulcerations in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon in nonimmunocompromised individuals. The most common site of involvement by CMV infection in the GI tract is the colon followed by the upper GI tract and the least common site is the small intestine. Although GI bleeding is one of the major presenting symptoms of patients with CMV infections of the GI tract, lower GI bleeding due to CMV ileal ulcers in immunocompetent patients, to our knowledge, has not been reported in the English literature. Recently, we experienced a case of lower GI bleeding due to CMV ileal ulcers in a 57-year-old man who had no evidence of immunocompromise. This case suggests that small intestinal ulcers due to CMV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of lower GI bleeding even in immunocompetent hosts. (+info)Intussusception associated with bacterial meningitis. (8/280)
Despite its common association with viral illnesses, intussusception has only rarely been found in the presence of bacterial infections. Two infants are described, both of whom were admitted to hospital with bilious vomiting, drowsiness, and dehydration. Both infants required urgent intravenous volume expansion. Intussusception was confirmed, and reduction was achieved by enema in both cases. Recovery was slow, and one infant developed a seizure. Evidence of meningococcal meningitis was found in both, with septicaemia in one. Neurological outcome is normal to date, and there has been no recurrence of intussusception in either case. (+info)Ileal diseases refer to conditions that primarily affect the ileum, which is the final portion of the small intestine. The ileum plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, particularly vitamin B12 and bile salts. Ileal diseases can cause various symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and malnutrition, depending on their nature and extent. Some common ileal diseases include:
1. Crohn's disease: A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileum. Crohn's disease causes chronic inflammation, which can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fatigue.
2. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. In celiac disease, the immune system attacks the lining of the small intestine, including the ileum, causing inflammation and impaired nutrient absorption.
3. Intestinal tuberculosis: A bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileum. Intestinal tuberculosis can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
4. Typhlitis: Also known as neutropenic enterocolitis, typhlitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the cecum and terminal ileum, typically in immunocompromised individuals. It can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea.
5. Meckel's diverticulum: A congenital condition characterized by a small pouch protruding from the wall of the ileum. While many people with Meckel's diverticulum do not experience symptoms, it can sometimes become inflamed or bleed, causing abdominal pain and rectal bleeding.
6. Lymphoma: A type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system and can affect any part of the body, including the ileum. Ileal lymphoma can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Ileitis is a medical term that refers to inflammation of the ileum, which is the last part of the small intestine. The condition can have various causes, including infections, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease.
The symptoms of ileitis may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and nausea or vomiting. The diagnosis of ileitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as CT scans or MRI.
Treatment for ileitis depends on the underlying cause of the inflammation. In cases of infectious ileitis, antibiotics may be used to treat the infection. For autoimmune or inflammatory causes, medications that suppress the immune system may be necessary to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.
In severe cases of ileitis, surgery may be required to remove damaged portions of the intestine or to drain abscesses. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience symptoms of ileitis, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. It is characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, which can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and malnutrition.
The specific causes of Crohn's disease are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. The disease can affect people of any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed in young adults between the ages of 15 and 35.
There is no cure for Crohn's disease, but treatments such as medications, lifestyle changes, and surgery can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options depend on the severity and location of the disease, as well as the individual patient's needs and preferences.
NOD2 (Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing protein 2) signaling adaptor protein, also known as CARD15 (Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing protein 15), is a crucial intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that plays an essential role in the innate immune response. NOD2 is primarily expressed in monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and intestinal epithelial cells.
NOD2 signaling adaptor protein contains two caspase recruitment domains (CARD), a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD), and multiple leucine-rich repeats (LRR). The LRR region is responsible for recognizing and binding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) derived from bacterial cell walls, such as muramyl dipeptide (MDP). Upon recognition of MDP, NOD2 undergoes oligomerization through its NOD domain, which leads to the recruitment of receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) via CARD-CARD interactions. This interaction results in the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which ultimately induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides.
Dysregulation or mutations in NOD2 signaling adaptor protein have been implicated in several inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease, Blau syndrome, and susceptibility to certain mycobacterial infections.
The ileum is the third and final segment of the small intestine, located between the jejunum and the cecum (the beginning of the large intestine). It plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, particularly for vitamin B12 and bile salts. The ileum is characterized by its thin, lined walls and the presence of Peyer's patches, which are part of the immune system and help surveil for pathogens.
June Sutor
Defensin
Paneth cell
Inflammatory bowel disease
Bile acid malabsorption
Crohn's disease
Alan Hofmann
Intraepithelial lymphocyte
Conor P. Delaney
Colestyramine
Malabsorption
ATG16L1
Ileo-anal pouch
Colitis
Angular cheilitis
Neonatal bowel obstruction
Henry Buchwald
Ileostomy
Biliary colic
Partial ileal bypass surgery
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Cryptosporidium parvum
Latent tuberculosis
Type 3 innate lymphoid cells
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Horse colic
List of MeSH codes (C06)
Kidney stone disease
Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
SADI-S surgery
Behçet Disease Complicated by a Perforated Ileal Ulcer Prese... : JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
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Crohn's Disease62
- The precise mechanisms controlling homing of T effector (Teff) cells to the inflamed gut in Crohn's disease (CD) are still unclear and clinical outcome data from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with the anti-α4β7 integrin antibody vedolizumab suggest differences between ulcerative colitis (UC) and CD. (uea.ac.uk)
- Editorial: Can stenosis in ileal Crohn's disease be prevented by current Therapy? (johnshopkins.edu)
- Diagnostic delay is common with Crohn's disease (CD), especially with ileitis. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Dive into the research topics of 'Editorial: Can stenosis in ileal Crohn's disease be prevented by current Therapy? (johnshopkins.edu)
- Bayless, Theodore M. / Editorial : Can stenosis in ileal Crohn's disease be prevented by current Therapy? . (johnshopkins.edu)
- Comment on "Ultrasonographic scores for ileal Crohn's disease assessment: better, worse or the same as contrast‑enhanced ultrasound? (biomedcentral.com)
- comparing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and parameters from a time-intensity curve (TIC) with the SUS-CD score and IBUS-SAS score in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) undergoing gastrointestinal ultrasound (GIUS) and ileocolonoscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
- was a prospective multicenter trial with complete blinding and a clearly defined patient population, including the full activity range of patients with Crohn's disease undergoing endoscopy [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Aim: To examine whether small bowel inflammation at CT enterography correlates with endoscopic severity and CRP in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). (elsevierpure.com)
- Scientists hope that understanding how immune cells adapt as they enter different tissues will spur the design of better, more specific, medicines for Crohn's disease. (sciencedaily.com)
- These cells protect many types of tissues from infection, but they can also promote chronic inflammatory conditions like Crohn's disease, which specifically targets the intestinal tract. (sciencedaily.com)
- As food moves through the digestive tract, these acids are reabsorbed when they reach the ileum -- the final portion of the small intestine -- and the site of ileal Crohn's disease, the most common form of Crohn's. (sciencedaily.com)
- This discovery led the researchers to identify a mechanism where ileal Crohn's disease appears to be induced by bile acids when T cell adaptation does not occur the way it should. (sciencedaily.com)
- This stress caused the TH17 cells to become overactive, leading to Crohn's disease-like intestinal inflammation in mice. (sciencedaily.com)
- Using bile acid sequestrants, an FDA-approved class of drugs used in transplant patients that absorb bile acids like a sponge, scientists were able to restore normal T cell function in the ileum and attenuate Crohn's disease in mice. (sciencedaily.com)
- They found a subset of patients with ileal Crohn's disease had severely impaired MDR1 expression. (sciencedaily.com)
- Not only does this suggest that the cause of Crohn's disease in these patients may be oxidative stress due to dysfunctional MDR1, but that for the subset of patients with this dysfunction, bile acid sequestrants may be an effective treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
- In accord with the notion that a microbiota expressing high levels of flagellin pose danger to the host, flagellin is also a dominant target of adaptive mucosal immunity, particularly in Crohn's disease 11 . (nature.com)
- Clinical-stage Approaches for Imaging Chronic Inflammation and Fibrosis in Crohn's Disease. (nih.gov)
- Strictures may develop as a result of diseases that cause inflammation of the bowels, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) , which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis , can damage the intestines. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Patients were initially given conventional therapy (prednisolone +/- ASA drugs in Crohn's disease, and antidiarrhoeals in the others). (nih.gov)
- The 304 patients were categorised as follows: Group 1: Crohn's disease patients with ileal resection, in clinical remission (n = 37). (nih.gov)
- Group 2: Crohn's disease, unoperated and in clinical remission (n = 44). (nih.gov)
- BACKGROUND/AIMS Intestinal fibrosis and stricture formation is an unresolved problem in Crohn's disease. (bmj.com)
- Fibrosis and stricture formation of the bowel is a common complication and hallmark of Crohn's disease leading to partial or complete obstruction of the lumen, and surgical resection is often required. (bmj.com)
- 1 In Crohn's disease, smooth muscle cells are considered to be the predominant cells involved in the process of stricture formation. (bmj.com)
- ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 20), Crohn's disease (CD) (n = 10) were prospectively assessed in addition to 20 non-IBD participants representing the control group. (scirp.org)
- 1976) Development of a Crohn's disease activity index. (scirp.org)
- National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. (scirp.org)
- 2002) A review of activity indices and efficacy endpoints for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with Crohn's disease. (scirp.org)
- 2006) Bowel ultrasound in Crohn's disease. (scirp.org)
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Blood and Ileal T Cells From Patients With Crohn's Disease Reveals Tissue-Specific Characteristics and Drug Targets. (broadinstitute.org)
- 70% of them for proven or suspected Crohn's disease (CD) of the small bowel. (ima.org.il)
- A registry of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), was created at the University of Puerto Rico in 1995. (hindawi.com)
- Does Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cause Crohn's disease? (bmj.com)
- Similarities between chronic idiopathic granulomatous ileocolitis and mycobacterial infections have been noted since the original descriptions of the clinical syndrome now called Crohn's disease. (bmj.com)
- 1- 4 Interest in a possible infectious origin of this disorder was renewed in 1989 when Chiodini et al cultured apparently identical Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from three patients with Crohn's disease. (bmj.com)
- Additional data to support an association of MAP with Crohn's disease is provided by Autschbach and colleagues 12 in this issue of Gut (see page 944 ) . (bmj.com)
- This carefully performed and well controlled study used nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the IS 900 insertion element of MAP in 52% of Crohn's disease resected tissues versus 2% of ulcerative colitis and 5% of mostly non-inflammatory control tissues. (bmj.com)
- This study provides novel data regarding the prevalence of MAP in various phenotypes of Crohn's disease by showing slightly higher detection of IS 900 DNA in colonic (66.7%) compared with distal ileal (40.5%) tissues and decreased detection rates with corticosteroid use. (bmj.com)
- 17 These results are consistent with two possibilities: either MAP infection could cause Crohn's disease in a subset of patients that are either selectively exposed to this organism or who are genetically susceptible to infection or, alternatively, this relatively common dietary organism may selectively colonise (or a dead organism selectively lodge in) the ulcerated mucosa of Crohn's disease patients but not initiate or perpetuate intestinal inflammation. (bmj.com)
- Man with long-standing history (over 30 years) of Crohn's disease including previous ileocaecal resection and anal fistulectomy. (eurorad.org)
- Another short poorly distensible ileal tract with mural thickening of lesser degree was consistent with known Crohn's disease. (eurorad.org)
- Most ECFs develop either through an abdominal scar weeks or months after gastrointestinal surgery, or as a complication of fistulizing Crohn's disease (CD). (eurorad.org)
- There are two main types of IBD: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. (ucdavis.edu)
- Crohn's disease can involve any part of the intestine from mouth to bottom. (ucdavis.edu)
- A range of omics data revealed that certain members of the Firmicutes bacteria group, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , were less plentiful in individuals with ileal Crohn's disease (ICD) compared to healthy subjects. (nutraingredients.com)
- Crohn's disease, one of two inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), affects 200,000 people in the UK alone, or roughly one in every 500. (arxiv.org)
- We explore the feasibility of deep learning algorithms for identification of terminal ileal Crohn's disease in Magnetic Resonance Enterography images on a small dataset. (arxiv.org)
- Pediatric Crohn's disease is a rare, inflammatory bowel disease characterized by severe, chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall or any portion of the gastrointestinal tract. (rarediseases.org)
- Pediatric Crohn's disease can affect any area of the gastrointestinal tract. (rarediseases.org)
- Crohn's disease is more commonly diagnosed in adults, but approximately 25% of patients are diagnosed as children and teenagers (pediatric population). (rarediseases.org)
- The exact cause of pediatric Crohn's disease is not fully understood, but this is thought to develop because of multiple different factors occurring together including genetic, immunologic and environmental triggers. (rarediseases.org)
- Man who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at age 26, subsequently diagnosed with Crohn's disease, involving jejunum, ileum and colon, at age 42 when he presented with large volume diarrhoea and rectal bleeding. (medscape.com)
- She was diagnosed with ileocolonic Crohn's disease at age 43. (medscape.com)
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The progressive nature of Crohn's disease is highly variable and hard to predict. (bvsalud.org)
- There is therefore an urgent need to better characterize the heterogeneity of disease trajectories in Crohn's disease by utilizing objective markers of inflammation. (bvsalud.org)
- We aimed to better understand this heterogeneity by clustering Crohn's disease patients with similar longitudinal fecal calprotectin profiles. (bvsalud.org)
- METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study at the Edinburgh IBD Unit, a tertiary referral center, and used latent class mixed models to cluster Crohn's disease subjects using fecal calprotectin observed within 5 years of diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)
- RESULTS: Our study cohort comprised 356 patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease and 2856 fecal calprotectin measurements taken within 5 years of diagnosis (median 7 per subject). (bvsalud.org)
- Effect of IBD treatment exposures on serum CRP and Fecal calprotectin in Crohn's disease (Panel A) and ulcerative colitis (Panel B), Related to Figure 4. (cdc.gov)
Resection4
- Bile acids Bile acid turnover By-pass operation Crohn s disease Elimination Faecal excretion Faeces Ileal resection Abstract. (karger.com)
- The outcome of treatment was available in 96 patients with BAM: of the patients with ileal resection 32% responded to antidiarrhoeals, 60% to BAS. (nih.gov)
- Laparotomic en-bloc resection of ileal mass, anterior abdominal wall and subcutaneous tissue involved by enterocutaneous fistulas and a segment of transverse colon was performed (post-surgical status shown in Fig. 2a, b). (eurorad.org)
- Albeit difficult, preoperative diagnosis of malignant ECFs impacts treatment since it requires en-bloc resection plus chemotherapy. (eurorad.org)
Terminal3
- The aim was to compare the accuracy of CEUS and aforementioned scores in predicting terminal ileal inflammatory activity in patients with CD. (biomedcentral.com)
- Marshall, J.B. and Barthel, J.S. (1993) The frequency of total colonoscopy and terminal ileal intubation in the 1990s. (scirp.org)
- Her disease course was complicated by an intra-abdominal abscess, terminal ileal stricture with obstruction and internal penetrating disease over the 5 y after diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Ulcerative8
- abstract = "The precise mechanisms controlling homing of T effector (Teff) cells to the inflamed gut in Crohn{\textquoteright}s disease (CD) are still unclear and clinical outcome data from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with the anti-α4β7 integrin antibody vedolizumab suggest differences between ulcerative colitis (UC) and CD.Methods: Expression of homing molecules was studied with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. (uea.ac.uk)
- The study of Crohn's (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) has been focused on Caucasians, as the incidence and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been more evident in this population. (hindawi.com)
- 1 There are 2 forms of IBD: Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). (pharmacytimes.com)
- How do you approach mild UC [ulcerative colitis] and mild Crohn disease? (hcplive.com)
- For patients with ulcerative colitis mild disease, there may still be a role for both oral and rectal 5-ASA [aminosalicylate] therapy to both induce and maintain remission. (hcplive.com)
- The way I look at ulcerative colitis is this: it's almost 2 flavors, and I don't want to simplify it, because it's multiple diseases. (hcplive.com)
- Woman who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at age 38 and was subsequently diagnosed with ulcerative proctosigmoiditis at age 44. (medscape.com)
- Panel C), Crohn' disease behavior (Panel D) and ulcerative colitis disease extent (Panel E), Related to Table 1. (cdc.gov)
Crohn7
- Crohn disease is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory process that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus (see the image below). (medscape.com)
- The colonoscopy image reveals a large ulcer and inflammation of the descending colon in a 12-year-old boy with Crohn disease. (medscape.com)
- The characteristic presentation in Crohn disease is abdominal pain and diarrhea, which may be complicated by intestinal fistulization or obstruction. (medscape.com)
- Although laboratory results for Crohn disease are nonspecific and are of value principally for facilitating disease management, they may also be used as surrogate markers for inflammation and nutritional status and to screen for deficiencies of vitamins and minerals. (medscape.com)
- Development and Validation of a Pediatric MRI-Based Perianal Crohn Disease (PEMPAC) Index-A Report from the ImageKids Study. (nih.gov)
- In your patients with Crohn disease, especially those with mild isolated ileal disease, you could think about budesonide, of course, as well. (hcplive.com)
- Then, Crohn disease is a little bit trickier. (hcplive.com)
Colonic1
- The 5-aminosalicylates may be used for treatment and maintenance of mild disease in both UC and ileal-to-colonic CD. (pharmacytimes.com)
Bile acid3
- The primary mechanism of disease in patients with PFIC1-2 is a defect in canalicular bile acid transport with primary retention of hydrophobic bile salts. (medscape.com)
- WASHINGTON -- Another ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor has demonstrated in a phase III trial the ability to reduce pruritus and serum bile acids for kids with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). (medpagetoday.com)
- Odevixibat (Bylvay), also an ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor, was approved in July 2021 to treat PFIC-related pruritus in children ages 3 months and up. (medpagetoday.com)
Inflammation4
- Such diseases include inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and diseases characterized by low-grade inflammation, such as metabolic syndrome. (nature.com)
- Irritable bowel disease, which is defined as chronic idiopathic inflammation of the digestive tract, affects 3.1 million adults in the United States. (pharmacytimes.com)
- целіакія Celiac disease is an immunologically mediated disease in genetically susceptible people caused by intolerance to gluten, resulting in mucosal inflammation and villous atrophy, which causes malabsorption. (msdmanuals.com)
- In an animal model of PFIC3, Abcb4 (Mdr2) knockout mice cannot excrete phospholipid into bile and develop progressive liver disease characterized by portal inflammation, proliferation of bile ducts, and fibrosis. (medscape.com)
Inflammatory bowel disease pa1
- Liverani E, Scaioli E, Digby RJ, Bellanova M, Belluzzi A. How to predict clinical relapse in inflammatory bowel disease patients. (wjgnet.com)
Microbiota3
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. (nature.com)
- An array of chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota and a breakdown in the normally mutually beneficial host-microbiota relationship. (nature.com)
- Perturbations in the microbiota do not merely mark disease. (nature.com)
Stenosis2
- Current therapies have also not been shown to reduce the risk of ileal stenosis or rates of surgery, and there are no available therapies to reverse existing fibrosis. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Reported imaging patterns include ileal mass, long stenosis with heterogeneous submucosa, short severe stenosis with upstream bowel dilatation, irregular asymmetric circumferential thickening. (eurorad.org)
Assessment1
- Assessment of small intestinal disease remains a challenge for both clinicians and radiologists. (ima.org.il)
Disorders2
- See Autoimmune Disorders: Making Sense of Nonspecific Symptoms , a Critical Images slideshow, to help identify several diseases that can cause a variety of nonspecific symptoms. (medscape.com)
- Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a class of chronic cholestasis disorders that comprises a variety of genetic diseases. (medscape.com)
Coronary heart d1
- Effect of partial ileal bypass surgery on mortality and morbidity from coronary heart disease in patients with hypercholesterolemia. (ecureme.com)
Small intestine2
- The ileal conduit is made from a short segment of the small intestine. (nih.gov)
- Children and adolescents are less likely than adults to have disease that is limited to the small intestine. (rarediseases.org)
Remission5
- For patients experiencing flare-ups or periods of high disease activity with intensification of symptoms, the goal of therapy is to induce remission or induction. (pharmacytimes.com)
- For patients in remission or periods of low disease activity with minimal symptoms, the goal is to maintain remission or maintenance. (pharmacytimes.com)
- Many medications used for maintenance therapy can be used to induce remission, but corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are often chosen for acute disease activity in both CD and UC. (pharmacytimes.com)
- Patients can become nonadherent when their disease is controlled, thus triggering a relapse and a loss of remission. (pharmacytimes.com)
- Still assessing these patients, especially up front, to ensure that you induced remission and you are maintaining appropriately is critical because a lot of these patients, especially those with isolated rectal disease, often get put into a low-risk box, and they're continually on rectal steroids or courses of steroids because people don't want to advance those patients to biologics because their disease is somewhat more limited. (hcplive.com)
Liver disease3
- Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase are usually suggestive of liver disease whereas elevation of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase suggests common bile duct obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
- From baseline, itch severity dropped by 1.7 points in the maralixibat arm versus a 0.6-point decline in the placebo arm, a full 1-point difference on the 5-point scale (95% CI -0.81 to -0.27, P =0.0098), he said at the annual Liver Meeting sponsored by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease . (medpagetoday.com)
- If approved for PFIC, it would be the second oral medication for the rare liver disease. (medpagetoday.com)
Celiac8
- To assess current knowledge of mucin expression in the small bowel of celiac disease (CD) patients and to determine possible associations between mucin profile and gluten-free diet. (ima.org.il)
- Can Feeding Practices during Infancy Change the Risk for Celiac Disease? (ima.org.il)
- Although often a behavioral issue, underlying pathology from eosinophilic or celiac disease can manifest as picky eating, so these should be considered. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Dr. Crowe is nationally and internationally recognized for her basic and clinical research and patient care contributions related to H. pylori and celiac disease. (gastro.org)
- Spectrum of malabsorption syndrome among adults & factors differentiating celiac disease & tropical malabsorption. (medscape.com)
- Green PH, Shane E, Rotterdam H, Forde KA, Grossbard L. Significance of unsuspected celiac disease detected at endoscopy. (medscape.com)
- Lo A, Guelrud M, Essenfeld H, Bonis P. Classification of villous atrophy with enhanced magnification endoscopy in patients with celiac disease and tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
- Dutta AK, Chacko A, Avinash B. Suboptimal performance of IgG anti-tissue transglutaminase in the diagnosis of celiac disease in a tropical country. (medscape.com)
Mortality1
- The disease course of COVID-19 was generally mild, with low hospitalization and mortality rates (0-8.7% and 0-4.3%, respectively). (bvsalud.org)
Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel d1
- Di Sabatino, A., Armellini, E. and Corazza, G.R. (2004) Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. (scirp.org)
Membranes1
- Widespread fibrin membranes covered thickened ileal loops. (cdc.gov)
Stricture1
- However, liver cirrhosis and intestinal stricture formation are not common in mast cell disease, indicating that besides mast cells additional factors or specific stimulation of mast cells may be necessary to induce severe fibrosis. (bmj.com)
Predictor1
- Prior colorectal neoplasia is the strongest predictor of pouch neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. (bvsalud.org)
Bowel11
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , 23 (3), 379-391. (uea.ac.uk)
- To establish the relevance of their findings, the team tested blood samples from healthy humans, as well as those with a variety of inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's. (sciencedaily.com)
- has been beneficial in evaluating the location, extent and activity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (scirp.org)
- Vucelic, B. (2009) Inflammatory bowel diseases: Controversies in the use of diagnostic procedures. (scirp.org)
- MacKalski, B.A. and Bernstein, C.N. (2006) New diagnostic imaging tools for inflammatory bowel disease. (scirp.org)
- 1994) Sonography of inflammatory bowel disease: Findings and value in differential diagnosis. (scirp.org)
- Pathology reported a 20x18x9 cm bowel mass including skin surface with fistulous orifices, with a 7-cm long ileal adenocarcinoma with transmural growth, infiltrating the perivisceral fat, anterior abdominal wall and subcutaneous planes. (eurorad.org)
- Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBAC) is a rare but dreaded occurrence in CD, which generally affects males with long-standing CD, 33 times more commonly than in the general population, but is disguised by nonspecific and varied manifestations mimicking active or obstructive disease. (eurorad.org)
- Basic knowledge about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will help you better understand your or your child's disease and - more importantly - help you recognize symptoms to help manage the condition. (ucdavis.edu)
- Dr Janet Jansson and Dr Erin Baker from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory detailed a study in which these multi-omics technologies were used to assess the impact of inflammatory bowel disease on the microbiome of a twin cohort. (nutraingredients.com)
- Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an attenuated serologic response to COVID-19 vaccination. (bvsalud.org)
Digestive Diseases3
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 27, 269-277. (scirp.org)
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 22, 6366. (scirp.org)
- AGA honors Anil K. Rustgi, MD, AGAF, with the William Beaumont Prize in Gastroenterology, which recognizes individuals who have made major contributions that have significantly advanced the care of patients with digestive diseases through clinical or translational research. (gastro.org)
Endoscopic1
- The study found 30 patients with active endoscopic disease demonstrating no significant difference between the "inactive" and "active" SUS CD and IBUS-SAS scores. (biomedcentral.com)
Enterography1
- Multiplanar CT-enterography (Fig. 1) with oral polyethylenglycole solution confirmed two ventral enterocutaneous fistulas with characteristic tram-track appearance, mixed fluid and air content, and showed a markedly thickened ileal segment with non-stratified enhancement which appeared to infiltrate the anterior abdominal wall. (eurorad.org)
Partial1
- They demonstrated that this surgery, called a "partial ileal bypass," could reduce cholesterol levels. (ecureme.com)
Gastrointestinal2
- Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in gastrointestinal diseases: A current trend or an indispensable tool? (wjgnet.com)
- Significant improvements in cystic fibrosis (CF) care have focused primarily on the pulmonary system, but addressing the gastrointestinal complications of CF presents a major opportunity for improvement in disease management. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
Severe4
- Over half the patients had an SES-CD ≥ 7, thus moderate to severe disease [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antibodies are reserved for moderate to severe disease refractory to corticosteroids and immunomodulators in both CD and UC. (pharmacytimes.com)
- We tend to focus a lot on the severe, very sick patients, but there are going to be patients who have mild disease, who are at low risk for complications. (hcplive.com)
- Those patients can have severe disease too, and it can have bad outcomes. (hcplive.com)
Heterogeneous1
- The heterogeneous nature of the disease presents challenges, particularly those regarding drug delivery, when selecting pharmacologic therapy. (pharmacytimes.com)
Complications2
- Gram-negative and anaerobic antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, play a role in therapy for patients who develop infections as complications from the disease, but they lack strong evidence supporting use for induction and maintenance therapy. (pharmacytimes.com)
- Most cases were women, had Roux-en-Y surgery years prior to diagnosis and few IBD-related complications. (medscape.com)
Fibrosis2
- 7 , 8 In systemic mast cell disease, association of fibrosis and mast cell infiltrates has been documented in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. (bmj.com)
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in the United States, occurring in 2000 to 4000 newborns. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
Clinical1
- In a randomized clinical study 7 comparing surgery with observation for patients with symptomatic, noncomplicated gallstone disease, approximately 20 percent of patients in the observation group had recurrent biliary pain requiring hospital admission. (aafp.org)
Infectious3
- He claims, as he did last week that vaccines are somehow preventing us to experience the benefit of fighting our own individual battles with infectious disease, and that in some Nietzschean fashion, this makes us weaker. (scienceblogs.com)
- Second, there is no evidence that shows that exposure to infectious disease of one kind somehow makes you stronger, or more able to fight off other infections. (scienceblogs.com)
- Ingrid Hein is a staff writer for MedPage Today covering infectious disease. (medpagetoday.com)
20231
- AGA looks forward to celebrating the recipients during Digestive Disease Week® 2023, May 6-9, in Chicago, Illinois. (gastro.org)
Bypass2
- Woman with IBD-U (pancolitis), who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at age 53 and was subsequently diagnosed with IBD at age 55. (medscape.com)
- Woman who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at age 40, although was subsequently reversed 1 year later. (medscape.com)
Symptoms2
- [4] Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include appendicitis , stomach ulcers , pancreatitis , and gastroesophageal reflux disease . (wikipedia.org)
- Ehrenthal JC, Graetz C, Plaumann A, Dörfer CE, Herzog W.Number of teeth predict depressive symptoms in a longitudinal study on patients with periodontal disease. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Progression2
- Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones, known as postcholecystectomy syndrome , may severely affect the patient's quality of life, even in the absence of disease progression. (wikipedia.org)
- At the 10-year point, fully 85 percent showed disease progression. (ecureme.com)
Correlation1
- In addition, these authors reported weak associations with perianal involvement and a shorter duration of disease but no correlation with patient sex, age at diagnosis, stricturing versus penetrating phenotype, or presence of granulomas. (bmj.com)
Surgery1
- [ 10-14 ] Interestingly, there have also been reports of immune-mediated diseases occurring after weight loss surgery. (medscape.com)