General or unspecified injuries involving the face and jaw (either upper, lower, or both).
Fractures of the lower jaw.
Fractures of the upper or lower jaw.
Fractures of the skull which may result from penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR), radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).
Fractures of the zygoma.
Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and the maxilla and zygoma.
A prosthetic appliance for the replacement of areas of the maxilla, mandible, and face, missing as a result of deformity, disease, injury, or surgery. When the prosthesis replaces portions of the mandible only, it is referred to as MANDIBULAR PROSTHESIS.
A dental specialty concerned with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disease, injuries, and defects of the human oral and maxillofacial region.
Accidents on streets, roads, and highways involving drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or vehicles. Traffic accidents refer to AUTOMOBILES (passenger cars, buses, and trucks), BICYCLING, and MOTORCYCLES but not OFF-ROAD MOTOR VEHICLES; RAILROADS nor snowmobiles.
One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.
The oval-shaped oral cavity located at the apex of the digestive tract and consisting of two parts: the vestibule and the oral cavity proper.
Fractures of the upper jaw.
Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.
A republic in western Africa, south of NIGER between BENIN and CAMEROON. Its capital is Abuja.
Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.
Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.
Surgical insertion of an appliance for the replacement of areas of the maxilla, mandible, and face. When only portions of the mandible are replaced, it is referred to as MANDIBULAR PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION.
Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.
Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.

Experimental study on firearm wound in maxillofacial region. (1/63)

OBJECTIVE: To make clear the range of firearm wound in the maxillofacial region, the optical repair time and the characteristics of accompanied indirect brain damage, and to offer the principle of emergency treatment and the early repair of war wound. METHODS: With the aid of the standard Sweden model, 200 dogs were used in the experiment. Varies tissues around the primary canal were harvested chronologically, in different zone and different tissue, for histopathological examination. RESULTS: The necrotic range of various tissues in the maxillofacial region was less than that in the extremities. In the maxillofacial region, there was a significant temporary cavity following the passing of bullet, which caused indirect brain damages. CONCLUSION: These findings are helpful to the treatment of war wound in the maxillofacial region. Early bone transplantation using microvascular anastomosis in the treatment of gunshot wound in the maxillofacial region is recommendable.  (+info)

Promoting oral health: interventions for preventing dental caries, oral and pharyngeal cancers, and sports-related craniofacial injuries. A report on recommendations of the task force on community preventive services. (2/63)

The Task Force on Community Preventive Services (the Task Force) has conducted systematic reviews of the evidence of effectiveness of selected population-based interventions to prevent and control dental caries (tooth decay), oral (mouth) and pharyngeal (throat) cancers, and sports-related craniofacial injuries. The Task Force strongly recommends community water fluoridation and school-based or school-linked pit and fissure sealant delivery programs for prevention and control of dental caries. Using the rules of evidence it has established, the Task Force found insufficient evidence of effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the remaining interventions reviewed. Therefore, the Task Force makes no recommendation for or against use of statewide or communitywide sealant promotion programs, population-based interventions for early detection of precancers and cancers, or population-based interventions to encourage use of helmets, facemasks, and mouthguards to reduce oral-facial trauma in contact sports. The Task Force's finding of insufficient evidence indicates the need for more research on intervention effectiveness. Until the results of such research become available, readers are encouraged to judge the usefulness of these interventions by other criteria. This report presents additional information regarding the recommendations, briefly describes how the reviews were conducted, and provides information designed to help apply the strongly recommended interventions locally.  (+info)

Maxillofacial injuries related to work accidents: a new concept of a hospital-based full electronic occupational trauma surveillance system. (3/63)

The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of occupational maxillofacial injuries using a newly installed relational database. Twenty-six injuries were identified out of 28,624 patients admitted to the emergency unit during a 12 month period. Falls from height or being struck by moving objects were common causes of these injuries. Two-thirds of those identified were construction workers. This paper demonstrates the power of modern databases to identify specific occurrences that may provide the basis for prevention in the future.  (+info)

Ultrasound stimulation of maxillofacial bone healing. (4/63)

A substantial part of the maxillofacial surgery practice deals with maxillofacial bone healing. In the past decades, low-intensity ultrasound treatment has been shown to reduce the healing time of fresh fractures of the extremities up to 38%, and to heal delayed and non-unions up to 90% and 83%, respectively. Based on the assumption that the process of bone healing in the bones of the extremities and maxillofacial skeleton is essentially the same, the potential of ultrasound to stimulate maxillofacial bone healing was investigated. Although limited evidence is available to support the susceptibility of maxillofacial bone to the ultrasound signal, ultrasound may be of value in the treatment of delayed unions, in callus maturation after distraction, and in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis.  (+info)

Maxillofacial and ocular injuries in motor vehicle crashes. (5/63)

BACKGROUND: Injuries from motor vehicle crashes constitute a leading cause of death in the young and a high degree of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Facial trauma has been consistently shown to be the single most common injury to the occupants of vehicles involved in crashes. This has been confirmed by more recent studies which have demonstrated a continuing high incidence of facial fractures amongst belted drivers. Airbags have been advocated as a supplemental restraint system. However, their deployment can cause injury particularly if the driver is of short stature, unrestrained or out of position within the vehicle. METHODS: The Crash Injury Research Engineering Network (CIREN) project aims to correlate the injuries received by occupants in vehicle crashes with the biomechanics of vehicle deformation. All cases of facial injury which presented to the University of Michigan Medical Center, USA in 1999 were retrospectively evaluated with reference to the methods of occupant restraint and to the correlation between the injuries sustained and vehicle deformation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The case analysis confirmed the value of airbags to the safety of vehicle occupants but reinforced the conclusion that they must still be considered supplemental restraint systems. New generation airbags will minimise the risk of injury even to small stature or out of position occupants as they will prevent deployment in situations where they may have an adverse effect.  (+info)

Management of detachment of pilot balloon during intraoral repositioning of the submental endotracheal tube. (6/63)

Submental endotracheal intubation for surgery was used as an alternative to nasotracheal intubation in patients with craniomaxillofacial injury. Generally extubation was performed in the operation room by pulling the tube through the submental incision site. When extubation is not indicated, intraoral indwelling is preferred to submental intubation. We report a case of a 35-year-old male patient with multiple facial bone fractures. At the end of the surgery, we noticed the oropharyngeal edema, and so the submental intubation was converted into a standard orotracheal intubation. During that procedure, the pilot balloon was accidentally detached from the endotracheal tube. The situation was managed by cutting a pilot tube from a new, unused endotracheal tube and connecting it to the intubated tube using a needle connector.  (+info)

Sports related maxillofacial injuries: the first maxillofacial trauma database in Switzerland. (7/63)

BACKGROUND: With the increase in the amount of medical data handled by emergency units, advances in computerisation have become necessary. New computer technology should have a major influence on accident analysis and prevention and the quality of research in the future. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the occurrence of sports related maxillofacial injuries using a newly installed relational database. To establish the first sports trauma database in Switzerland. METHODS: The Qualicare databank was used to prospectively review 57 248 case histories of patients treated in the Department of Emergency Medicine between January 2000 and December 2002. Pre-defined key words were used to collect data on sports related maxillofacial injuries. RESULTS: A total of 750 patients with maxillofacial injuries were identified. Ninety (12%) were sports related maxillofacial fractures. Most (27%) were sustained during skiing and snowboarding, 22% during team sports such as soccer or ice hockey, and 21% were from cycling accidents. Sixty eight per cent of the cyclists, 50% of the ice hockey players and soccer players, and 48% of the skiers and snowboarders had isolated fractures of the midface. Fractures of the mandible were noted predominantly in contact sports. CONCLUSIONS: Computerisation of trauma and emergency units and the introduction of customised software can significantly reduce the workload of researchers and doctors. The effective use of new computer technology should have a considerable influence on research and the quality of future prospective and retrospective studies.  (+info)

Craniomaxillofacial injury in sport: a review of prevention research. (8/63)

Current decision making in prevention of sport related craniomaxillofacial injury is based on available data derived from surveillance and attitude based studies. The literature on this type of injury prevention lacks the high quality scientific design and evidence on which mandatory interventions can be based. Currently available prevention methodology can provide a better understanding of injury mechanisms and produce valid interventions.  (+info)

Maxillofacial injuries, also known as facial trauma, refer to injuries that occur in the face and/or maxillofacial region. This region includes the bones of the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), cheeks, eyes, nose, and forehead. Maxillofacial injuries can range from minor soft tissue injuries, such as lacerations or bruises, to more severe injuries involving fractures of the facial bones. These types of injuries may result from various causes, including motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, interpersonal violence, and falls. Treatment for maxillofacial injuries typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, involving specialists such as oral and maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, and emergency medicine physicians.

A mandibular fracture is a break or crack in the lower jaw (mandible) bone. It can occur at any point along the mandible, but common sites include the condyle (the rounded end near the ear), the angle (the curved part of the jaw), and the symphysis (the area where the two halves of the jaw meet in the front). Mandibular fractures are typically caused by trauma, such as a direct blow to the face or a fall. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty chewing or speaking, and malocclusion (misalignment) of the teeth. Treatment usually involves immobilization with wires or screws to allow the bone to heal properly.

A jaw fracture, also known as a mandibular fracture, is a break in the lower jawbone. It can occur at any point along the bone, from the condyle (the rounded end that articulates with the skull) to the symphysis (the area where the two halves of the jaw meet in the front).

Jaw fractures are typically caused by trauma, such as a direct blow to the face during sports injuries, traffic accidents, or physical assaults. They can also result from falls, particularly in older adults with osteoporosis.

Symptoms of jaw fractures may include pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty speaking, chewing, or opening the mouth wide, and malocclusion (the teeth do not fit together properly when biting down). In some cases, there may be visible deformity or mobility in the jaw.

Diagnosis of jaw fractures typically involves a thorough physical examination, dental X-rays, CT scans, or other imaging studies to assess the location and severity of the fracture. Treatment may involve immobilization with wires or braces, pain management, antibiotics to prevent infection, and in some cases, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone fragments.

A skull fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that form the skull. It can occur from a direct blow to the head, penetrating injuries like gunshot wounds, or from strong rotational forces during an accident. There are several types of skull fractures, including:

1. Linear Skull Fracture: This is the most common type, where there's a simple break in the bone without any splintering, depression, or displacement. It often doesn't require treatment unless it's near a sensitive area like an eye or ear.

2. Depressed Skull Fracture: In this type, a piece of the skull is pushed inward toward the brain. Surgery may be needed to relieve pressure on the brain and repair the fracture.

3. Diastatic Skull Fracture: This occurs along the suture lines (the fibrous joints between the skull bones) that haven't fused yet, often seen in infants and young children.

4. Basilar Skull Fracture: This involves fractures at the base of the skull. It can be serious due to potential injury to the cranial nerves and blood vessels located in this area.

5. Comminuted Skull Fracture: In this severe type, the bone is shattered into many pieces. These fractures usually require extensive surgical repair.

Symptoms of a skull fracture can include pain, swelling, bruising, bleeding (if there's an open wound), and in some cases, clear fluid draining from the ears or nose (cerebrospinal fluid leak). Severe fractures may cause brain injury, leading to symptoms like confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures, or neurological deficits. Immediate medical attention is necessary for any suspected skull fracture.

Zygomatic fractures, also known as "tripod fractures" or "malar fractures," refer to breaks in the zygomatic bone, which is the cheekbone. This type of facial fracture typically occurs due to significant trauma, such as a forceful blow to the face during sports injuries, traffic accidents, or physical assaults.

In zygomatic fractures, the bone can be displaced or depressed, leading to various symptoms, including:

* Facial asymmetry or flattening of the cheek area
* Bruising and swelling around the eyes (periorbital ecchymosis) and cheeks
* Diplopia (double vision) due to muscle entrapment or trauma to the eye muscles
* Subconjunctival hemorrhage (bleeding in the white part of the eye)
* Trismus (difficulty opening the mouth) due to muscle spasms or injury to the temporomandibular joint
* Numbness or altered sensation in the upper lip, cheek, or side of the nose

Diagnosis is usually made through a combination of physical examination and imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, or MRI. Treatment typically involves closed reduction (manipulation without surgery) or open reduction with internal fixation (surgical reconstruction using plates and screws). The primary goal of treatment is to restore the facial structure's integrity, symmetry, and function while minimizing complications and promoting optimal healing.

Orbital fractures refer to breaks in the bones that make up the eye socket, also known as the orbit. These bones include the maxilla, zygoma, frontal bone, and palatine bone. Orbital fractures can occur due to trauma, such as a blunt force injury or a penetrating wound.

There are several types of orbital fractures, including:

1. Blowout fracture: This occurs when the thin bone of the orbital floor is broken, often due to a direct blow to the eye. The force of the impact can cause the eyeball to move backward, breaking the bone and sometimes trapping the muscle that moves the eye (the inferior rectus).
2. Blow-in fracture: This type of fracture involves the breakage of the orbital roof, which is the bone that forms the upper boundary of the orbit. It typically occurs due to high-impact trauma, such as a car accident or a fall from a significant height.
3. Direct fracture: A direct fracture happens when there is a break in one or more of the bones that form the walls of the orbit. This type of fracture can result from a variety of traumas, including motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, and assaults.
4. Indirect fracture: An indirect fracture occurs when the force of an injury is transmitted to the orbit through tissues surrounding it, causing the bone to break. The most common type of indirect orbital fracture is a blowout fracture.

Orbital fractures can cause various symptoms, including pain, swelling, bruising, and double vision. In some cases, the fracture may also lead to enophthalmos (sinking of the eye into the orbit) or telecanthus (increased distance between the inner corners of the eyes). Imaging tests, such as CT scans, are often used to diagnose orbital fractures and determine the best course of treatment. Treatment may include observation, pain management, and in some cases, surgery to repair the fracture and restore normal function.

A maxillofacial prosthesis is a custom-made device used to replace all or part of a facial feature, such as an eye, ear, nose, or lip, that has been lost due to trauma, cancer surgery, or other causes. It is typically made from materials like silicone, acrylic, or nylon and is designed to mimic the appearance and texture of natural skin and tissues.

Maxillofacial prostheses are created by trained professionals called maxillofacial prosthodontists, who have specialized training in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and rehabilitation of patients with facial defects. The process of creating a maxillofacial prosthesis typically involves taking an impression of the affected area, creating a custom-made mold, and then fabricating the prosthesis to fit precisely over the defect.

Maxillofacial prostheses can help improve patients' appearance, self-confidence, and quality of life by restoring their facial symmetry and functionality. They may also help protect the underlying tissues and structures from injury or infection, and can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy, to enhance their effectiveness.

Oral surgery is a specialized branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of various conditions related to the mouth, teeth, jaws, and facial structures. Some of the common procedures performed by oral surgeons include:

1. Tooth extractions: Removal of severely decayed, damaged, or impacted teeth, such as wisdom teeth.
2. Dental implant placement: Surgical insertion of titanium posts that serve as artificial tooth roots to support dental restorations like crowns, bridges, or dentures.
3. Jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery): Corrective procedures for misaligned jaws, uneven bite, or sleep apnea caused by structural jaw abnormalities.
4. Oral pathology: Diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant growths or lesions in the oral cavity, including biopsies and removal of tumors.
5. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Surgical intervention for issues related to the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull, such as arthroscopy, open joint surgery, or total joint replacement.
6. Facial trauma reconstruction: Repair of fractured facial bones, soft tissue injuries, and lacerations resulting from accidents, sports injuries, or interpersonal violence.
7. Cleft lip and palate repair: Surgical correction of congenital deformities affecting the upper lip and hard/soft palate.
8. Sleep apnea treatment: Surgical reduction or removal of excess tissue in the throat to alleviate airway obstruction and improve breathing during sleep.
9. Cosmetic procedures: Enhancement of facial aesthetics through various techniques, such as chin or cheekbone augmentation, lip reshaping, or scar revision.

Oral surgeons typically complete a four-year dental school program followed by an additional four to six years of specialized surgical training in a hospital-based residency program. They are qualified to administer general anesthesia and often perform procedures in a hospital setting or outpatient surgical center.

Traffic accidents are incidents that occur when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, a pedestrian, an animal, or a stationary object, resulting in damage or injury. These accidents can be caused by various factors such as driver error, distracted driving, drunk driving, speeding, reckless driving, poor road conditions, and adverse weather conditions. Traffic accidents can range from minor fender benders to severe crashes that result in serious injuries or fatalities. They are a significant public health concern and cause a substantial burden on healthcare systems, emergency services, and society as a whole.

The maxilla is a paired bone that forms the upper jaw in vertebrates. In humans, it is a major bone in the face and plays several important roles in the craniofacial complex. Each maxilla consists of a body and four processes: frontal process, zygomatic process, alveolar process, and palatine process.

The maxillae contribute to the formation of the eye sockets (orbits), nasal cavity, and the hard palate of the mouth. They also contain the upper teeth sockets (alveoli) and help form the lower part of the orbit and the cheekbones (zygomatic arches).

Here's a quick rundown of its key functions:

1. Supports the upper teeth and forms the upper jaw.
2. Contributes to the formation of the eye sockets, nasal cavity, and hard palate.
3. Helps shape the lower part of the orbit and cheekbones.
4. Partakes in the creation of important sinuses, such as the maxillary sinus, which is located within the body of the maxilla.

In medical terms, the mouth is officially referred to as the oral cavity. It is the first part of the digestive tract and includes several structures: the lips, vestibule (the space enclosed by the lips and teeth), teeth, gingiva (gums), hard and soft palate, tongue, floor of the mouth, and salivary glands. The mouth is responsible for several functions including speaking, swallowing, breathing, and eating, as it is the initial point of ingestion where food is broken down through mechanical and chemical processes, beginning the digestive process.

Maxillary fractures, also known as Le Fort fractures, are complex fractures that involve the upper jaw or maxilla. Named after the French surgeon René Le Fort who first described them in 1901, these fractures are categorized into three types (Le Fort I, II, III) based on the pattern and level of bone involvement.

1. Le Fort I fracture: This type of maxillary fracture involves a horizontal separation through the lower part of the maxilla, just above the teeth's roots. It often results from direct blows to the lower face or chin.

2. Le Fort II fracture: A Le Fort II fracture is characterized by a pyramidal-shaped fracture pattern that extends from the nasal bridge through the inferior orbital rim and maxilla, ending at the pterygoid plates. This type of fracture usually results from forceful impacts to the midface or nose.

3. Le Fort III fracture: A Le Fort III fracture is a severe craniofacial injury that involves both the upper and lower parts of the face. It is also known as a "craniofacial dysjunction" because it separates the facial bones from the skull base. The fracture line extends through the nasal bridge, orbital rims, zygomatic arches, and maxilla, ending at the pterygoid plates. Le Fort III fractures typically result from high-impact trauma to the face, such as car accidents or assaults.

These fractures often require surgical intervention for proper alignment and stabilization of the facial bones.

Oral surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries performed in the oral cavity and maxillofacial region, which includes the mouth, jaws, face, and skull. These procedures are typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, who are dental specialists with extensive training in surgical procedures involving the mouth, jaws, and face.

Some common examples of oral surgical procedures include:

1. Tooth extractions: This involves removing a tooth that is damaged beyond repair or causing problems for the surrounding teeth. Wisdom tooth removal is a common type of tooth extraction.
2. Dental implant placement: This procedure involves placing a small titanium post in the jawbone to serve as a replacement root for a missing tooth. A dental crown is then attached to the implant, creating a natural-looking and functional replacement tooth.
3. Jaw surgery: Also known as orthognathic surgery, this procedure involves repositioning the jaws to correct bite problems or facial asymmetry.
4. Biopsy: This procedure involves removing a small sample of tissue from the oral cavity for laboratory analysis, often to diagnose suspicious lesions or growths.
5. Lesion removal: This procedure involves removing benign or malignant growths from the oral cavity, such as tumors or cysts.
6. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery: This procedure involves treating disorders of the TMJ, which connects the jawbone to the skull and allows for movement when eating, speaking, and yawning.
7. Facial reconstruction: This procedure involves rebuilding or reshaping the facial bones after trauma, cancer surgery, or other conditions that affect the face.

Overall, oral surgical procedures are an important part of dental and medical care, helping to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws, and face.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nigeria" is not a medical term. It is a country located in West Africa, and it is the most populous country in Africa. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terms, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.

A wound is a type of injury that occurs when the skin or other tissues are cut, pierced, torn, or otherwise broken. Wounds can be caused by a variety of factors, including accidents, violence, surgery, or certain medical conditions. There are several different types of wounds, including:

* Incisions: These are cuts that are made deliberately, often during surgery. They are usually straight and clean.
* Lacerations: These are tears in the skin or other tissues. They can be irregular and jagged.
* Abrasions: These occur when the top layer of skin is scraped off. They may look like a bruise or a scab.
* Punctures: These are wounds that are caused by sharp objects, such as needles or knives. They are usually small and deep.
* Avulsions: These occur when tissue is forcibly torn away from the body. They can be very serious and require immediate medical attention.

Injuries refer to any harm or damage to the body, including wounds. Injuries can range from minor scrapes and bruises to more severe injuries such as fractures, dislocations, and head trauma. It is important to seek medical attention for any injury that is causing significant pain, swelling, or bleeding, or if there is a suspected bone fracture or head injury.

In general, wounds and injuries should be cleaned and covered with a sterile bandage to prevent infection. Depending on the severity of the wound or injury, additional medical treatment may be necessary. This may include stitches for deep cuts, immobilization for broken bones, or surgery for more serious injuries. It is important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions carefully to ensure proper healing and to prevent complications.

Maxillofacial abnormalities, also known as craniofacial anomalies, refer to a broad range of structural and functional disorders that affect the development of the skull, face, jaws, and related soft tissues. These abnormalities can result from genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. They can vary in severity, from minor cosmetic issues to significant impairments of vital functions such as breathing, speaking, and eating.

Examples of maxillofacial abnormalities include cleft lip and palate, craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the skull bones), hemifacial microsomia (underdevelopment of one side of the face), and various other congenital anomalies. These conditions may require multidisciplinary treatment involving surgeons, orthodontists, speech therapists, and other healthcare professionals to address both functional and aesthetic concerns.

Maxillofacial prosthesis implantation is a medical procedure that involves the surgical placement of osseointegrated implants (fixtures that are integrated into the bone) to support and retain a custom-made maxillofacial prosthesis. This type of prosthesis is designed to replace all or part of the facial structures, such as the eyes, nose, ears, or jaw, which may be missing due to congenital defects, trauma, or cancer resection.

The implantation procedure typically involves several steps:

1. Pre-surgical planning: This includes taking detailed measurements and creating a custom-made surgical guide based on the patient's anatomy.
2. Surgical placement of implants: The surgeon uses the surgical guide to place the implants in the bone at precise locations and angles.
3. Healing period: After the surgery, the implants are allowed to heal and integrate with the bone for several months.
4. Prosthesis fabrication: Once the implants have integrated, an impression is taken of the implant abutments (the parts that protrude through the gums) and a custom-made prosthesis is created.
5. Delivery of the prosthesis: The prosthesis is attached to the implant abutments using screws or other attachments.

Maxillofacial prosthesis implantation can significantly improve the patient's quality of life by restoring facial function, appearance, and speech. However, it requires careful planning, surgical skill, and close collaboration between the surgeon, prosthodontist, and patient.

Maxillary neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the maxilla, which is the upper jaw bone. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant sites.

Maxillary neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as swelling, pain, numbness, loose teeth, or difficulty in chewing or swallowing. They may also cause nasal congestion, nosebleeds, or visual changes if they affect the eye or orbit. The diagnosis of maxillary neoplasms usually involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the tumor.

Treatment options for maxillary neoplasms depend on several factors, including the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or metastasis and ensure optimal outcomes.

A brain injury is defined as damage to the brain that occurs following an external force or trauma, such as a blow to the head, a fall, or a motor vehicle accident. Brain injuries can also result from internal conditions, such as lack of oxygen or a stroke. There are two main types of brain injuries: traumatic and acquired.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an external force that results in the brain moving within the skull or the skull being fractured. Mild TBIs may result in temporary symptoms such as headaches, confusion, and memory loss, while severe TBIs can cause long-term complications, including physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments.

Acquired brain injury (ABI) is any injury to the brain that occurs after birth and is not hereditary, congenital, or degenerative. ABIs are often caused by medical conditions such as strokes, tumors, anoxia (lack of oxygen), or infections.

Both TBIs and ABIs can range from mild to severe and may result in a variety of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms that can impact a person's ability to perform daily activities and function independently. Treatment for brain injuries typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medical management, rehabilitation, and supportive care.

Immediate Facial Nerve Reconstruction Following Iatrogenic Injuries". Maxillofacial Surgery. Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Churchill ...
Williams, J Llewellyn (1994). Rowe and Williams' Maxillofacial Injuries. London: Churchhill Livingstone. p. 283. ISBN 978-0-443 ... head injury). It is common for both to be assessed with facial fractures.[citation needed] Finally, vascular injury can result ... The same injury can be seen on the opposite side 3D CT reconstruction of mandible fracture, white arrow marks fracture, red ... In high velocity injuries, the soft tissue can be severely damaged far from the bullet wound itself due to hydrostatic shock. ...
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Injury to the inferior alveolar nerve resulting in numbness or partial numbness of the lower lip and chin has reported rates ... Current Therapy in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. pp. 122-126. Mettes TD, Ghaeminia H, Nienhuijs ME, Perry J, van der Sanden ... Peterson LJ, Miloro M (2004). Peterson's Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (2nd ed.). PMPH-USA. ISBN 978-1-55009-234 ... Bell RB, Khan HA (2012). Current Therapy in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4160-2527-6. Newman ...
"The incidence of brain injury in patients with maxillofacial trauma varies from 15 to 48%. The risk of serious brain injury is ... brain injury occurs in 15-48% of people with maxillofacial trauma. Coexisting injuries can affect treatment of facial trauma; ... maxillofacial injuries and airway management dilemmas". International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 37 (4): 309-20 ... "Emergency care in facial trauma-A maxillofacial and ophthalmic perspective". Injury. 36 (8): 875-96. doi:10.1016/j.injury. ...
Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 1999 Apr; 57(4): 475-7 Black E, Atchison K, Shetty V, Leathers R, Bagby S, Delrahim S: ... Leathers, Richard; Le, Anh D.; Black, Edward; McQuirter, Joseph L. (January 2003). "Orofacial injury in underserved minority ... Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Clin N Am 2005 Aug; 17(3):267-72 Patterson AL, Bagby SK; Posterior Vertical Body Osteotomy (PVBO): A ... Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 1998 Aug; 56(8): 988-90 Bagby SK, Black E; Substance Abuse and Its Relationship to ...
Distant injuries away from the main track in high-velocity missile injuries are very important and almost always present in all ... Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 40 (5): 299-302. doi:10.1016/0278-2391(82)90223-3. PMID 6953180. Taylor, R. G.; ... "Clinical and experimental data need to be gathered before such indirect injuries can be confirmed." Distant injuries of this ... report on injuries to the nerve trunk from gunshot wounds to the extremities. In self-defense, military, and law enforcement ...
Hall, Susan (2005). "Mechanisms of Repair after Traumatic Injury". In Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.). Peripheral ... British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 46 (6): 492-93. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2007.12.005. PMID 18242803. Brennan, ... British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 48 (6): 431-33. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.07.015. PMID 19709789. ...
Facial injuries are often treated by maxillofacial surgeons. Significant variation occurs across hospitals in the degree to ... Most injuries requiring operative treatment are musculoskeletal. For this reason, part of US trauma surgeons devote at least ... In large parts of Europe, trauma surgeons treat most of the musculoskeletal trauma, whereas injuries to the central nervous ... After such conditions have been addressed (or ruled out), nonlife-threatening injuries are addressed. Over the last few decades ...
There have been several injuries and deaths resulting from micro mobility products especially e-scooters, which calls for ... Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 77 (11): 2292-2297. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2019.07.014. ISSN 0278-2391. PMID 31454504. ... "Craniofacial Injuries Seen With the Introduction of Bicycle-Share Electric Scooters in an Urban Setting". ... which calls for aggressive policies in order to reduce injuries. The three major danger categories that apply to micromobility ...
Such injuries are rare and are usually temporary, but depending on the type of injury (i.e., Seddon classification: neuropraxia ... ISBN 978-1-4051-7557-9. Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker MR (2008). Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery (5th ed.). St. Louis, ... Nerve injury: This is primarily an issue with extraction of third molars, but can occur with the extraction of any tooth should ... Malden NJ, Maidment YG (August 2002). "Lingual nerve injury subsequent to wisdom teeth removal--a 5-year retrospective audit ...
In preschool children, oral injuries make up as much as 17% of all bodily injuries. The incidence of traumatic dental injuries ... Durham J, Moore UJ, Hill CM, Renton T (December 2017). "Oral surgery II: Part 6. Oral and maxillofacial trauma". British Dental ... Moreover, even with regular use, effectiveness of prevention of dental injuries is not complete, and injuries can still occur ... "Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: 3. Injuries in the Primary Dentition". Pediatric Dentistry. 39 (6 ...
Injury. 40 (2): 158-62. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2008.06.025. PMID 19084836. Pocaterra A, Caruso S, Bernardi S, Scagnoli L, ... Ten years later it was used for maxillofacial surgeries. PRP was first used in Italy in 1987 in an open heart surgery procedure ... A 2014 Cochrane review of PRP in musculoskeletal injuries found very weak evidence for a decrease in pain in the short term, ... Blood drawn from patient Removal of PRP after double centrifugation PRP is Injected into area of injury via ultrasound guidance ...
Traumatic injuries do not cause onset swelling unless there is a forceful injection of air from vigorous sneezing, nose-blowing ... It may also occur in other oral, nasal, and maxillofacial surgical interventions, in which the occurrence is unexpected. They ... The underlying causes and injuries that caused orbital emphysema, on the other hand, may be serious, necessitating urgent ... Conventional radiography is commonly employed for imaging orbital injuries and identifying orbital fractures. It can be used to ...
Harrison, M G; Shepherd, J P (1999). "The circumstances and scope for prevention of maxillofacial injuries in cyclists. Journal ... police and local government for preventing violence-related injury". Injury Prevention. 20 (2): 108-114. doi:10.1136/injuryprev ... Injury Prevention 6:36-40". Inj Prev. 6 (1): 36-40. doi:10.1136/ip.6.1.36. PMC 1730594. PMID 10728540. Mirrlees-Black, C; Budd ... Of all the drivers of injury in violence they studied, low alcohol price was found to be the most powerful. In six randomised ...
"Maxillofacial Trauma: Managing Potentially Dangerous And Disfiguring Complex Injuries". Emergency Medicine Practice. 19 (4): 1- ... Injuries involving other structures (Types 2 and 3) must be recognized and treated surgically. Bone stability after a fracture ... However, diagnosis may be confirmed with X-rays or CT scans, and these are required if other facial injuries are suspected. A ... Common sources of nasal fractures include sports injuries, fighting, falls, and car accidents in the younger age groups, and ...
Airway injuries typically occur due to inhalation burns or maxillofacial trauma. If a person is conscious and speaking they ... thoracic vascular injury, high spinal cord injury, and destructive abdominal pelvic injury. These injuries are very difficult ... Head injury/hypothermia. Secondary brain injury is worsened by hypotension (systolic blood pressure under 90 mmHg), hypoxia ( ... and thus any penetrating injury should receive antibiotics at the point of injury as well as in tactical field care. The ...
Ultimately, a sciatica injury ended his playing career. Guyette returned to the US, and earned a dental degree from the ... After his playing days, he became an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Guyette played for three varsity seasons with the Kentucky ... He is currently running a maxillofacial surgery clinic, in Scottsdale, Arizona. "Bob Guyette". The Draft Review. Retrieved ... American maxillofacial surgeons, American physicians, American men's basketball players). ...
Non-battle craniomaxillofacial injuries from U.S. military operations. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery: official ... Prevention of infections associated with combat-related eye, maxillofacial, and neck injuries. Prevention of Combat- Related ... Craniomaxillofacial Battle Injuries: Injury Patterns, Conventional Treatment Limitations and Direction of Future Research. ... Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 71( ...
Her specialty was maxillofacial and plastic surgery illustration. During World War I, she created watercolors of facial ... injuries and surgeries for the U.S. War Department. She married Cecil S. O'Brien, a navy surgeon, in Baltimore on April 21, ...
"Head and neck injury from a leopard attack: Case report and review of the literature". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial ... Nabi, D. G.; Tak, S. R.; Kangoo, K. A.; Halwai, M. A. (2009). "Injuries from leopard attacks in Kashmir". Injury. 40 (1): 90-92 ... doi:10.1016/j.injury.2008.05.033. PMID 19121828. 1. WWF-India (1997). Leopard study report (Report). New Delhi, India: World ... Frequent livestock-raiding may cause leopards to lose their fear of humans, and shooting injuries may have caused some leopards ...
Injuries of head, Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Orthopedic classifications). ... Oral and maxillofacial surgery Le Fort osteotomy Allsop D, Kennett K (2002). "Skull and facial bone trauma". In Nahum AM, ... CSF rhinorrhea, or leakage of the nutrient laden fluid that bathes the brain, is more commonly seen with these injuries due to ... As a result, there is gagging on the side of injury. Diagnosis is suspected by physical exam and history, in which, classically ...
Rowe, N. L. (1985). "Maxillofacial injuries - current trends and techniques". Injury. 16 (8): 513-525. doi:10.1016/0020-1383(85 ... Fractures of the Facial Skeleton 1969 NL Rowe HC Killey 1955 2nd Edition 1969 Maxillofacial Injuries by N.L. Rowe and J.Ll. ... Later he co-authored Maxillofacial Injuries with his former trainee John Williams which was broader in scope and detail and was ... He helped to establish oral and maxillofacial surgeons as leaders in the treatment of facial injuries by publishing Fractures ...
An Epidemiologic and Pattern-of-Injury Review at a Level 1 Trauma Center". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 78 (3): ... Dog owners in the United States can be held legally liable for injuries inflicted or caused by their dogs. In general, owners ... Pit bull-type dogs are more frequently identified with cases involving very severe injuries or fatalities than other breeds, ... Homeowners and renters insurance policies typically provide liability coverage from US$100,000-300,000 for injuries inflicted ...
Traumatic facial injuries include orbital (eye socket) fracture, mandible (jaw) fracture, nasal fracture (broken nose), dog ... The maxillofacial basics workshop was founded in 1979. Fundamentals of maxillofacial surgery and basic techniques for ... which is emerging as treatment for the most severe maxillofacial deformities. [1] American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons ... American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, 1997 to 2006: another decade of excellence in education and research. Plastic and ...
This test is avoided in obvious globe injury. Non-contrast maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality ... Open-globe injuries are also classified by the anatomic region or zone of injury: Zone 1- injury involves the cornea and limbus ... Zone 2- injury involves the anterior 5mm of the sclera. Zone 3- injury involves the sclera, more than 5mm posterior to the ... Penetrating injuries result in a single, full-thickness entry wound. In contrast, perforating injuries produce two full- ...
It has been developed for use in craniofacial and oral and maxillofacial surgery. After an accident or injury, a fracture can ... In the oral and maxillofacial area, such a displacement could have a major effect both on facial aesthetics and organ function ... Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Computer-assisted surgery, Surgery, Health informatics). ...
Yu, C; Abbott, PV (2007). "An overview of the dental pulp: its functions and responses to injury". Australian Dental Journal. ... Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 43 (7): 1088-1093. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2015.06.010. ISSN 1010-5182. PMID 26165761. " ... The odontoblasts may also be permanently damaged which causes them to release tissue injury factors which can then influence ... Lauridsen E, Hermann NV, Gerds TA, Ahrensburg SS, Kreiborg S, Andreasen JO (October 2012). "Combination injuries 3. The risk of ...
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Editor-in-Chief German Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Past-President ... He trained there for 6 years and performed many surgeries related to war injuries. Hugo then left to train under Harold Gillies ... Hugo Obwegeser (21 October 1920 - 2 September 2017) was an Austrian Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgeon and Plastic Surgeon who is ... Thus he eventually ended up attaining degrees in Oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery and general surgery. Obwegeser ...
"Incidence and severity of maxillofacial injuries during the Second Lebanon War among Israeli soldiers and civilians". J Oral ... One fifth of facial injuries involve a mandibular fracture. Mandibular fractures are often accompanied by a 'twin fracture' on ... Lateral view Alveolar process Bone terminology Oral and maxillofacial surgery Simian shelf Terms for anatomical location This ...
More than 50% of patients with these injuries have multisystem trauma that requires coordinated management between emergency ... Maxillofacial injuries are commonly encountered in the practice of emergency medicine. ... physicians and surgical specialists in oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, and ... Initial Evaluation and Management of Maxillofacial Injuries) and Initial Evaluation and Management of Maxillofacial Injuries ...
A free platform for explaining your research in plain language, and managing how you communicate around it - so you can understand how best to increase its impact.
Staff in the Division of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital have an ... anecdotal belief that facial fractures are treated about three weeks after injury. An extensive search showed that no objective ... The sooner that a maxillofacial injury is treated the lower the complication rate will be, and the more ideal the healing. ... Maxillofacial injury - a retrospective analysis of time lapse between injury and treatment. ...
Types of maxillofacial injuries due to sports-related trauma. Oral and maxillofacial region is the sensitive area of the body ... Skull based maxillofacial fractures are one of the most common types of injury in sports related accidents. These injuries are ... Skull based injuries due to sports-related trauma. A. The maxillofacial hard tissue injuries are classified into three ... overuse injuries.. Traumatic injuries are caused by a sudden impact to the body, while overuse injuries are caused by ...
... Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo-fac. [online]. 2013, vol.13, n.1 ... The injuries ranged from 0.2 to 10 cm, with an average occurrence of one injury per case, the frontal region being the most ... of patients having injuries ranging from 1.01 to 5 cm and 31.7% with injuries from 0.01 to 1 cm. Conclusion: Facial soft tissue ... Palavras-chave : Facial Injuries; Facial Bones; accidents; Traffic. · resumo em PortuguĂªs · texto em PortuguĂªs · pdf em ...
Traumatic injuries run the gamut from minor lacerations and injuries to the teeth to complex fractures of the jaw and facial ...
Here first let me tell you that the department of dentistry, maxillofacial, and advanced implantology in Alam Hospital is led ...
Immediate Facial Nerve Reconstruction Following Iatrogenic Injuries". Maxillofacial Surgery. Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Churchill ...
Pure maxillofacial injuries comprised 33%. The most common injuries associated with this type of trauma were eye injuries (29 ... from pure maxillofacial injuries. Terrorist attacks cause unique maxillofacial injuries, which should be considered a new ... traumatized patients had pure maxillofacial injuries ( Figs. 3 and 4 ). Eye injuries were the most common injuries associated ... site of injury, type of injury and cause of injury. Concomitant injuries and mortality were also considered. The most common ...
Facial trauma is an injury of the face. It may include the facial bones such as the upper jaw bone (maxilla). ... Facial trauma is an injury of the face. It may include the facial bones such as the upper jaw bone (maxilla). ... Rule out other injuries. Treatment should be done as soon as possible if the person is stable and does not have a neck fracture ... Maxillofacial trauma. In: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery. 7th ed ...
Facial injuries. *Fractured teeth. *Jaw, facial, and bite deformities. *Oral trauma. *Oral lesions in the newborn ...
Injury To Teeth. *Oral & Maxillofacial Injuries. *Oral Lumps And Bumps. *Complications of Tooth Extraction ... Scully, Crispian (2008). Oral and maxillofacial medicine : the basis of diagnosis and treatment (2nd ed. ed.). Edinburgh: ...
Our vision is to continue as the premiere journal in craniofacial surgery, maxillofacial surgery and pediatric plastic surgery​ ... maxillofacial surgery and pediatric plastic surgery, encompassing both the clinical practice of craniofacial surgery and the ... maxillofacial surgery and pediatric plastic surgery. Coverage ranges from practical aspects of craniofacial surgery to the ... Work-Related Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Injury in Craniofacial and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Howarth, Ashley L.; Hallbeck, M ...
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery International Internship Program. *Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) International ... Nerve injuries are managed both through non-surgical methods and surgical techniques using nerve grafts and primary repair ... Chronic nerve pain may develop as a result of late injury and the UMOMSA faculty work closely with facial pain specialists at ... Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 650 W. Baltimore St.. Baltimore, MD 21201 ...
Visit our website to book an appointment online: Rothman and Kim Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery ... Trusted Dental And Facial Injuries Specialist serving Philadelphia, PA & Cinnaminson, NJ. ... There are different categories for dental and facial injuries, including soft tissue injuries, bone injuries, and injuries to ... Dental and Facial Injuries Q&A. What are dental and facial injuries?. Dental and facial injuries are any physical trauma to the ...
... is double board certified in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. In the clinic setting, Dr. Kotikian routinely performs IV ... Brain Injury Medical Practice Management Business Consulting Metallurgy Casinos - Gambling - Gaming Mining Coins Nonprofit ... Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Expert Witness Armond Kotikian. Pacific Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Implant Center ... Armond Kotikian, DDS, MD, FACS, is double board certified in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. In the clinic setting, Dr. ...
Percutaneous injuries during oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;55:553-556. DOI: https:// ... Percutaneous injuries in dentistry: an observational study. J Am Dent Assoc. 1995;126:745-751. DOI: View Abstract. ... Occupational blood exposure and HIV infection among oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol ... and sports-related craniofacial injuries: a report on the recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. ...
Find nationwide Maxillofacial Surgery Expert Witnesses providing testimony and expert opinion in a court of law, for plaintiff ... Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Expert Witness (Personal Injury and Malpractice). (732) 530-8565 Dr. Zaccaria is a double ... Medical legal consulting firm providing comprehensive analysis and objective review of personal injury cases by more than 40 ... Nurse Practitioner Expert Witness, Specializes in Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury. Christina Sanders is a board ...
Injuries from exposure to explosions rose dramatically during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, which motivated investigation of ... Injuries from exposure to explosions rose dramatically during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, which motivated investigation of ... Facial skin-mucosal biodynamic blast injuries and management. J Oral Maxillofacial Surg. (2010) 68:1818-25. doi: 10.1016/j.joms ... Visual dysfunction following blast-related traumatic brain injury from the battlefield. Brain Injury. (2011) 25:8-13. doi: ...
Initial Evaluation and Management of Maxillofacial Injuries * 2001/viewarticle/994535. Should People Who Play Sports Pay Higher ... Noniatrogenic traumatic causes involve sharp injuries. Neetens et al reported an 8-year-old girl hit by a sharp object that ... The injury resulted in a micro-perforation of the globe through the conjunctiva and sclera. ...
Initial Evaluation and Management of Maxillofacial Injuries * 2003/viewarticle/998136. Congenital Cytomegalovirus: Overcoming ... Corneal injuries produced by organic matter or dirt, as well as those associated with tissue necrosis and with entrance of dirt ... Usually, these injuries heal quickly within 24 hours, and patients will not need long-term follow-up. Patients with contact ... 2] In 2008, approximately 27,450 work-related eye injuries and illnesses occurred that caused missed time from work. [3] ...
Read about The Complete Guide To Becoming An Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon on BMJ Careers ... Surgical treatment of complex facial injuries and soft tissue injuries of the mouth, face and neck ... The Role Of An Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon. An oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgeon specialises in diagnosing and treating ... 9. Douglas, J., Begley, A. & Magennis, P. UK Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery trainees join the specialist list at a similar age ...
Fractures, dislocations, ligamentous disruptions, and dental and maxillofacial injuries are common. Some need protracted ... Brain and spine injuries are uncommon, but they do occur⇓. In addition, concussion-type injuries are poorly understood, often ... Effect of nationwide injury prevention programme on serious spinal injuries in New Zealand rugby union: ecological study. BMJ ... RFU Community Rugby Injury Surveillance Project (CRISP). www.bath.ac.uk/health/projects/rfu-rugby-injury/. ...
... correspondence between initial maxillofacial traumatic injury assessed by facial injury severity score and maxillofacial injury ... Methods Quantitative assessment of maxillofacial traumas was made by facial injury severity score (FISS) and maxillofacial ... Maxillofacial Injuries in Brazilian Children and Adolescents Victims of Physical Violence: A Single Forensic Center Analysis ... Purpose To verify the possibility of using *.stl models for the assessment of maxillofacial traumatic injuries by FISS and ...
... maxillo-facial trauma; aesthetic surgery; hand injuries and examination; practice at the clinic, outpatient clinic and in the ... maxillo-facial trauma; aesthetic surgery; hand injuries and examination; practice at the clinic, outpatient clinic and in the ... Acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease; glomerular diseases; tubulointersititial diseases; cystic kidney diseases; renal ... Emergency management and triage, cardiopulmonary arrest, environmental injuries, poisoning, musculoskeletal, spine and spinal ...
The thoroughly updated fifth edition guides students through all phases of care - from preventive care and the time of injury ... Part III: Single System Injuries 16. Traumatic Brain Injuries 17. Maxillofacial Trauma 18. Ocular Injuries 19. Spinal Cord ... Abdominal Injuries 22. Genitourinary Injuries and Renal Management 23. Musculoskeletal Injuries. Part IV: Unique Patient ... Coverage of specific issues that affect all patients regardless of their injury, gives you a solid understating of mechanism of ...
This review details the various types of penetrating injuries, and the ways in which they can be treated with certain ... Table 3. Epidemiology and recommended prophylaxis and empiric treatment for maxillofacial infection following penetrating ... Severe injury:carbapenem or piperacillin/tazobactam 4.5 g iv. q 6 h (AII). 4-7 days (BIII). [71]. [73]. [74]. [76]. [70]. ... Moderate injury: Ticarcillin/clavulanate 3.1 g q 4-6 h or cefoxitin 2 g iv. q 6 h or ertapenem 1 g iv. q 24 h or moxifloxacin ...
Categories: Maxillofacial Injuries Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Powers, D. B. & Delo, R. I. Characteristics of ballistic and blast injuries. Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ... Amato, J. J. & Rich, N. M. Temporary cavity effects in blood vessel injury by high velocity missiles. J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 13, ... Stefanopoulos, P. K., Filippakis, K., Soupiou, O. T. & Pazarakiotis, V. C. Wound ballistics of firearm-related injuries-Part 1 ... due to excessive pulmonary activity following injury, because strain at sharp wound edges in thoracic tissue can result in ...
  • More than 50% of patients with these injuries have multisystem trauma that requires coordinated management between emergency physicians and surgical specialists in oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, and trauma surgery. (medscape.com)
  • 5 Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turku and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. (nih.gov)
  • Maxillofacial Surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Surgery is done if the injury prevents normal functioning or causes a major deformity. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Instead, he decided to pursue a career in oral and maxillofacial surgery, a practice involving diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and mouth. (delawaretoday.com)
  • He also teaches residents about oral and maxillofacial surgery, particularly dental implants and wisdom tooth extraction. (delawaretoday.com)
  • Annals of maxillofacial surgery. (nih.gov)
  • At the office of Westchester Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Implantology, our oral and maxillofacial surgeon is trained to provide treatment for all types of facial trauma including the emergency management of dental and maxillofacial injuries, as well as perform a range of facial reconstruction procedures. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • At the office of Westchester Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Implantology, we're dedicated to providing the highest quality of skilled and compassionate care. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • The Barts Health Centre for Oral and Maxillofacial surgery is at the forefront of research and continually push the boundaries to develop new and successful treatments. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Saving Faces is a charity involved in researching the best treatments in oral and maxillofacial surgery. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • We are part of the City, East London and West Essex (CELWEX) managed clinical network for oral and maxillofacial surgery. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Depending on the extent and nature of the injury, our maxillofacial surgeons work closely with neurosciences with the aim of making patients well again as quickly as possible and avoiding the need for further surgery. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • We take great pride in offering them the highest standard of oral and maxillofacial surgery to make them look and feel happy with themselves. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a surgical specialty which includes the diagnosis, surgical treatment and related care of a wide range of diseases, injuries, defects and aesthetic aspects of the mouth, teeth, jaws, face, head and neck. (bridgeporthospital.org)
  • In this aspect the major problem associated with dental implant placement is the lack of adequate bone volumes at the future time of surgery as such cases receives traumatic dental injury in the early years and disuse atrophy occurs during waiting period. (intechopen.com)
  • The specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery is unique in requiring a dual qualification in medicine and dentistry, followed by a comprehensive general and specialist surgical training, and is a recognised international specialty, which within Europe is defined under the medical directives. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial - surgery of the teeth (including implants), jaws, temporomandibular joints, salivary glands and facial skin lesions. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • I have been a consultant for 14 years, practicing in the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery. (spirehealthcare.com)
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgery review - a study guide (EBSCO - 3 concurrent users - this is a new platform. (bda.org)
  • ï¾· Cosmetic surgery--birth defects trauma injury disease or age can upset the appearance of the face. (dentalfind.com)
  • Cosmetic maxillofacial surgery can restore features to a more aesthetically pleasing form. (dentalfind.com)
  • The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery this premier journal serves as a forum of communication for all those involved in craniofacial and maxillofacial surgery. (newswise.com)
  • The initial medical treatment alone for injuries to a person's face is often very costly, and the expenses of long-term medical care or plastic surgery to revise scarring and improve the chances of a full recovery can threaten an injured victim's financial future. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • It is important to find otolaryngologists and/or plastic surgeons who are well-trained oral and maxillofacial surgery and are proficient at diagnosing and treating all types of facial lacerations. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Once your child's surgery in the Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery has been scheduled, one of our surgical nurses or care coordinators will provide you with a list of things you'll need to do to prepare for that day. (chla.org)
  • NDBA, practices a full scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery with expertise ranging from wisdom tooth removal to dental implant placement. (concordoralsurgery.ca)
  • For more information about the oral and maxillofacial surgery services we provide, or to schedule a consultation, call our office in Vaughan, Ontario at Concord Oral Surgery Phone Number 905-669-2616 . (concordoralsurgery.ca)
  • FDI World Dental Federation talks traumatology and healing with Professor Lars Andersson, senior professor of oral and maxillofacial surgery at Malmö University in Sweden. (fdiworldental.org)
  • The findings were confirmed in 10 of the 11 patients by aortography (9 patients), surgery (9 patients), or autopsy (1 patient), yielding a sensitivity of 100 percent and specificity of 98 percent for the detection of injury to the aorta. (nih.gov)
  • This surgery usually needs to be done under anesthesia within one to two weeks of the injury, before the nose heals. (healthychildren.org)
  • More than one-third of patients with frontal sinus fractures are likely to have concomitant intracranial injury. (medscape.com)
  • Orbital floor fractures: Injury to the orbital floor can result in an isolated fracture or can be accompanied by a medial wall fracture. (medscape.com)
  • Given the high incidence of concomitant facial injuries, many facial fractures are diagnosed incidentally during this evaluation. (medscape.com)
  • Although maxillofacial CT (CTMF) is widely accepted as the most sensitive method for evaluating facial fractures, it is often excluded from the initial survey. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with suspected facial injury, dedicated imaging should be performed to detect the location and extent of injury because CTH inadequately identifies most facial fractures. (medscape.com)
  • With 25% of all trauma patients sustaining some form of facial injury, [ 1 ] many facial fractures are diagnosed, often incidentally, on head CT during the initial evaluation. (medscape.com)
  • Whereas maxillofacial CT (CTMF) is widely accepted as the most sensitive method for evaluating facial fractures, [ 2 ] it is often not obtained with the initial trauma survey due to limitations in time and information when assessing a critically ill, severely injured patient. (medscape.com)
  • Thirty-three patients (25.4%) had maxillofacial fractures, with 41 fracture lines while 103 patients (79.2%) had dental injuries and 57 patients (43.8%) had soft-tissue injuries. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Fractures (broken bones), especially in the bones of your nose, cheekbone and jaw , are common facial injuries. (nih.gov)
  • There were more fractures and combinations of fractured bones affected in gunshot injuries, although the breakdown of soft tissue injuries was similar among those with gunshot and blast injuries. (pso-hns.org)
  • Whether you've fallen, experienced a sports or work related accident, were involved in a car crash or were the victim of an assault, any measure of direct physical trauma to the teeth, mouth and face has the potential to produce damage that ranges from a minor chipped tooth to more extensive soft tissue injuries and complex fractures of the facial bones. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • Tooth loss after trauma could be related to traumatic dental injuries depending from violence, falls, traffic accidents, gunshots or to late consequences of trauma such as recurrent endodontic lesions, vertical root fractures, external or internal root resorptions and ankylosis which bring teeth to untreatable condition. (intechopen.com)
  • Facial injuries, management of complex craniofacial fractures and soft tissue injuries of the mouth, face, and neck. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • The most common mechanism of injury was a fall, and all patients had fractures of other sites in maxillofacial bone. (go.jp)
  • The prevalence of dental injuries in patients with facial fractures is relevant. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fifty-five subjects (15.60%) had dental injuries associated with facial fractures. (bvsalud.org)
  • There was a high prevalence of dental injuries associated with facial fractures. (bvsalud.org)
  • Background/Aim: Because bicyclists and motorcyclists with oral and maxillofacial injuries often suffer from disabilities requiring long-term treatment, reducing the severity of such injuries is a valuable objective for improving these people's quality of life (QOL). (elsevierpure.com)
  • The aims of this study were, first, to present the prevalence and patterns of oral and maxillofacial injuries of bicyclists and motorcyclists and to compare the features of these injuries and, second, to determine the factors contributing to long-term hospitalization for these patients and to propose effective preventive measures. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Hospital records from 2011 through 2018 were reviewed for all patients who had sustained oral and maxillofacial injuries in bicycle or motorcycle collisions and had presented at a university hospital which was the only hospital in the region attended 24 hours per day by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Characteristics of the oral and maxillofacial injuries, injury severity, and factors influencing the length of hospitalization were examined. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The distribution and prevalence of oral and maxillofacial injuries were similar for bicyclists and motorcyclists. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 001). Conclusions: The number of fracture lines and the use of intermaxillary fixation were independent factors influencing long-term hospitalization of both bicyclists and motorcyclists with oral and maxillofacial injuries. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In most cases, oral and maxillofacial injuries will need to be treated soon after the injury. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • To find an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, contact physician referral services at 1-888-357-2396. (bridgeporthospital.org)
  • [ 2 , 4 , 5 ] There have also been studies analyzing how head and maxillofacial CT are used in conjunction, recognizing that 84% of facial fracture patients receiving initial trauma CTH required CTMF for definitive diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Because some patients who receive a screening head CT due to trauma are not initially suspected to have a facial fracture or have other critical injuries and do not receive a maxillofacial CT during their initial workup, there are inevitable missed diagnoses. (medscape.com)
  • We are a leading specialist and research centre offering a full range of services for patients with injuries, diseases or abnormalities affecting the face, jaws, mouth, head and neck. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Our surgeons play a key role in the care of patients with multiple injuries to the neck, face, mouth and head regions. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • This training qualifies them to treat conditions defects injuries and esthetic aspects of the mouth teeth jaws and face and perform a wide range of surgical procedures on the bones and soft tissues of the face mouth and neck. (dentalfind.com)
  • I am a Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and specialise in head and neck cancer, facial deformity, face and jaw injuries and salivary gland disease. (spirehealthcare.com)
  • Specific clinical expertise includes pediatric benign and malignant tumors and complex congenital masses of the head and neck, thyroid disease, maxillofacial trauma and reconstruction, hearing loss, aerodigestive foreign bodies and injury prevention. (healthychildren.org)
  • The removal of foreign bodies (teeth specifically) associated with mandibular ballistic injuries is discussed. (minervamedica.it)
  • Our surgeons are ideally trained to manage such injuries given their understanding of the complex skeletal and soft tissue structure of the face and also their specialist knowledge of the mouth, jaw and teeth. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • If a patient's teeth have been damaged, moved or lost as a result of their injury, they will be referred to restorative and orthodontist specialists in the dental service or the orthodontists at Whipps Cross who are able to provide subsequent dental care to ensure that teeth are re-aligned and, if necessary, replaced. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. (smw.ch)
  • Aspiration of two permanent teeth during maxillofacial injuries. (thejcdp.com)
  • In an initial trauma evaluation, computed tomography of the head (CTH) is performed to assess for life-threatening intracranial injury. (medscape.com)
  • Object: This paper set out to evaluate the prevalence and components of facial soft tissue injuries in patients treated at Hospital da RestauraĂ§Ă£o - HR from September 2011 to July 2012. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: Facial soft tissue injuries occur mainly in men and are due mostly to motor vehicle accidents. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this way, any involvement of the surrounding alveolar bone, soft tissue lacerations, or facial bone injuries can be properly evaluated and appropriately treated. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • Management of soft tissue injuries. (smw.ch)
  • Assessment of the patient with traumatic facial injury. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Most often traumatic dental injuries occur in childhood and implant treatment should postponed. (intechopen.com)
  • These are some of the most vulnerable parts of the body, and these are usually the most traumatic injuries in a dog bite attack. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Necrotic jaws or other maxillofacial skeleton necrosis associated with bisphosphonate use (see BISPHOSPHONATES). (umassmed.edu)
  • As a result, our oral and maxillofacial surgeons treat approximately 2000 complex trauma cases every year, which is more than any other centre in the UK. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • A brief overview of the complications of ballistic injuries in addition to considerations in foreign object removal is reviewed. (minervamedica.it)
  • By providing prompt care to address oral and facial injuries, our oral and maxillofacial surgeon can minimize complications, accelerate the healing process, restore function and achieve optimal facial aesthetics. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • I also have experience in dealing with facial injuries and the treatment of long term complications. (spirehealthcare.com)
  • Despite a high injury-severity score (mean, 29.6), transesophageal echocardiography was performed without complications, and within a mean (+/- SD) of 29 +/- 12 minutes. (nih.gov)
  • If there are other suspected injuries or complications seen on exam or CT scan, other specialists may need to be involved for further evaluations and treatments. (healthychildren.org)
  • Reduction and fixation of these key areas are the basis of maxillofacial reconstruction. (medscape.com)
  • A range of oral and maxillofacial surgical operations are carried out on an outpatient basis under local anaesthesia or conscious sedation. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • But Sheetz's has something particularly remarkable for an American Sargent-official medical photographs of maxillofacial surgical patients, displaying in vivid clarity their wounds and their progress towards recovery. (nih.gov)
  • To describe the incidence, pattern, and severity of maxillofacial trauma among patients who sustained gunshot and blast injuries of the maxillofacial region in a tertiary military hospital. (pso-hns.org)
  • Gunshot injuries had a higher incidence than blast injuries among military personnel with projectile injuries to the face seen during the study period. (pso-hns.org)
  • In this paper, recent concepts in the management of war wounds of the maxillofacial region are described. (who.int)
  • 2 Post-doctoral student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. (nih.gov)
  • 4 Head of Department, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. (nih.gov)
  • Face injuries and disorders can cause pain and affect how you look. (nih.gov)
  • Our oral and maxillofacial specialists work in multi-disciplinary teams to provide a joined-up approach for treating patients with disorders of the mouth, gums, ears, nose, throat, and eyes. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial surgeons provide comprehensive inpatient and outpatient evaluation and treatment in children and infants with oral, maxillofacial and craniofacial disorders. (bridgeporthospital.org)
  • We also diagnose and treat facial pain, facial injuries and TMJ disorders, and perform a full range of bone grafting procedures. (concordoralsurgery.ca)
  • A position statement from the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) recommends that athletic trainers, coaches, and parents should motivate all athletes to wear mouthguards that are properly fitted during any sports activity with an increased risk of orofacial injury. (medscape.com)
  • Because many clinicians work in a community-based environment where there is no dentist on call for emergencies, they may find themselves forced to deal with acute dental injuries in such situations. (medscape.com)
  • As the geriatric population continues to increase, more elderly patients with maxillofacial injuries are encountered in emergency rooms. (nih.gov)
  • Two patients who had nerve injuries were followed‑up to monitor recovery of the injured nerves. (ajol.info)
  • The size of the lesion ranged from 0.2 to 24 cm, with 58.6% of patients having injuries ranging from 1.01 to 5 cm and 31.7% with injuries from 0.01 to 1 cm. (bvsalud.org)
  • A total of 108 patients were admitted due to gunshot and blast injuries to the face from January 2010 to December 2015. (pso-hns.org)
  • An abnormal blood flow pattern can be appreciated in up to 90% of patients with carotid artery dissection, but the actual site of injury is usually not seen because of limited ability to evaluate past the carotid bulb. (slideserve.com)
  • and my personal favorites, images of the maxillofacial patients sitting together, reading the newspaper. (nih.gov)
  • We conducted this study to assess prospectively the value of transesophageal echocardiography in the emergency evaluation of patients at risk for aortic injury. (nih.gov)
  • The study was successfully performed in 93 patients but could not be completed in 8 because of lack of cooperation on the part of the patient (7 patients) or maxillofacial trauma (1 patient). (nih.gov)
  • Multidetector and three-dimensional CT evaluation of the patient with maxillofacial injury. (legehandboka.no)
  • Tongue lacerations are common in children, occurring mostly from falls or sports injuries. (smw.ch)
  • These parameters impact on the resultant injury because the amount of force required to cause damage to facial bones differs regionally. (medscape.com)
  • Extreme face injuries and disfigurement require pins or plates to be inserted to stabilize the facial bones. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • This involves a thorough history and exam, focusing on the nasal trauma as well as possible injuries involving the eyes, head, facial bones or mouth. (healthychildren.org)
  • Dental trauma is relatively common and can occur secondary to falls, fights, sporting injuries, or motor vehicle accidents. (medscape.com)
  • Accidents, injury and prolog illness can damage the overall look and shape of your face. (apsense.com)
  • Many types of accidents can lead to serious facial injuries and trauma to the face. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • The award-winning attorneys at Davis Law Group have represented facial injury victims involved in varying types of accidents for more than 20 years and can help you learn more about your legal rights and options after an accident. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • The severity of the injuries is evident from the extent of tissue disruption as shown in the pictures. (ajol.info)
  • Maxillofacial injuries are commonly encountered in the practice of emergency medicine. (medscape.com)
  • Due to the nature of the work, oral and maxillofacial surgeons often work alongside a variety of specialists in other fields such as ENT surgeons, clinical oncologists, plastic surgeons, orthodontists, restorative dentists, radiologists and neurosurgeons. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • Epidemiological aspects of dental trauma associated with maxillofacial injures: Ten years of clinical experience in Trieste, Italy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Surgeons may use CT scans (computerised tomography) to identify head and face bone injuries. (bartshealth.nhs.uk)
  • The patient had an avulsion injury, with a 6- by 8-centimeter area of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue torn off the face, leaving exposed bone below. (newswise.com)
  • Flinzberg S, Friedrich RE, Vesper M, Schmelzle R. Komplikation bei der Anwendung des 2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylat-Gewebeklebers (Dermabond) [Injury by the use of 2-octocyanoacrylate tissue adhesive Dermabond]. (smw.ch)
  • Craniofacial Trauma - treatment of facial soft and hard tissue injuries of the craniofacial structures. (rcseng.ac.uk)
  • If the extent of an injury exceeds a chip or fractured tooth that can be managed by your regular dentist, it's always a good idea to see a skilled and experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon for care. (oralsurgeryofwestchester.com)
  • Phipps and Shelton (1) presented a case where medical treatment was forgone, on the basis that the patient, although having survivable injuries, would be left without a face. (taylorfrancis.com)
  • Facial trauma is an injury of the face. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a severe injury to your face. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are dentists that double as mouth face and jaw surgeons. (dentalfind.com)
  • Dr. Kim and colleagues describe their experience with a 56-year-old man who sustained a severe injury of the upper face in a traffic accident. (newswise.com)
  • But especially in a highly visible area like the face, these techniques have important limitations, in addition to injury to the donor area. (newswise.com)
  • If you are living with injuries to your face from an accident, you need legal help. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Injuries to the face, by their very nature, impart a high degree of emotional trauma, and affect a person's general self-assurance and the ability to self-confidently socialize. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • General or unspecified injuries involving the face and jaw (either upper, lower, or both). (nih.gov)
  • Hiring an experienced personal injury attorney can help facial injury victims recover fair compensation for their injuries, medical bills, lost wages, expected future medical treatment, and more. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • The psychological effect of a facial injury may be short-term or long-term, depending on the circumstances of the case and the victim's personality. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • A victim with a facial injury may become depressed and generally feel anxious, angry, irritable, etc. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Because of the facial injury, victims may withdraw from social situations, even friends and family. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • A common psychological effect of a facial injury is a feeling of numbness and a general lack of motivation. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Trauma to the maxillofacial region mandates special attention. (medscape.com)
  • Five cases of machete cut injuries to the maxillofacial region seen over a period of 8 months (January‑September, 2012), at the Maxillofacial Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria, are presented. (ajol.info)
  • ABSTRACT A secondary data analysis using the Global Status Report on Road Safety (GSRRS) was carried out to assess the epidemiology of road traffic injuries (RTIs) and preventive strategies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). (who.int)
  • A broken nose or nasal injury can be scary for your child and you, especially if the nose is bleeding a lot or looks out of place. (healthychildren.org)
  • Our results show that nutria bile exerts protective effects against TAA-induced liver injury in mice, suggesting that nutria carcasses may be used for the treatment of liver injuries. (hindawi.com)
  • The proper treatment of facial injuries is critical. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Victims of facial trauma often require psychological treatment as well as physical treatment for their injuries. (injurytriallawyer.com)
  • Rodriguez JO, Lavina AM, Agarwal A. Prevention and treatment of common eye injuries in sports. (legehandboka.no)
  • Oral injuries are often complex and occur together with other bodily injury, requiring costly and time-consuming treatment. (fdiworldental.org)