Myocarditis. Medical search. Definitions

Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.

A heterogeneous group of infections produced by coxsackieviruses, including HERPANGINA, aseptic meningitis (MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC), a common-cold-like syndrome, a non-paralytic poliomyelitis-like syndrome, epidemic pleurodynia (PLEURODYNIA, EPIDEMIC) and a serious MYOCARDITIS.

A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and containing 36 serotypes. It is comprised of all the echoviruses and a few coxsackieviruses, including all of those previously named coxsackievirus B.

Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Enterovirus Infections are acute viral illnesses caused by various Enterovirus serotypes, primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, manifesting as a wide range of clinical symptoms, from asymptomatic or mild self-limiting fever to severe and potentially life-threatening conditions, such as meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and neonatal sepsis-like illness, depending on the age, immune status, and serotype of the infected individual.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Infections caused by viruses of the genus CARDIOVIRUS, family PICORNAVIRIDAE.

The type species of CARDIOVIRUS causing encephalomyelitis and myocarditis in rodents, pigs, and monkeys. Infection in man has been reported with CNS involvement but without myocarditis.

'Rats, Inbred Lew' is a strain of laboratory rat that is widely used in biomedical research, known for its consistent genetic background and susceptibility to certain diseases, which makes it an ideal model for studying the genetic basis of complex traits and disease processes.

Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle.

The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

Infections produced by reoviruses, general or unspecified.

Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.

A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common characteristics of being able to bind ACTINS and hydrolyze MgATP. Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. The neck region is involved in binding the light-chains. The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain.

A general term for diseases produced by viruses.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).

Multinucleated masses produced by the fusion of many cells; often associated with viral infections. In AIDS, they are induced when the envelope glycoprotein of the HIV virus binds to the CD4 antigen of uninfected neighboring T4 cells. The resulting syncytium leads to cell death and thus may account for the cytopathic effect of the virus.

Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME).

Inbred BALB/c mice are a strain of laboratory mice that have been selectively bred to be genetically identical to each other, making them useful for scientific research and experiments due to their consistent genetic background and predictable responses to various stimuli or treatments.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The agent of South American trypanosomiasis or CHAGAS DISEASE. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors.

The type species of ERYTHROVIRUS and the etiological agent of ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM, a disease most commonly seen in school-age children.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Fatal Serratia marcescens meningitis and myocarditis in a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. (1/1509)

Serratia marcescens is commonly isolated from the urine of patients with an indwelling urinary catheter and in the absence of symptoms is often regarded as a contaminant. A case of fatal Serratia marcescens septicaemia with meningitis, brain abscesses, and myocarditis discovered at necropsy is described. The patient was an 83 year old man with an indwelling urinary catheter who suffered from several chronic medical conditions and from whose urine Serratia marcescens was isolated at the time of catheterisation. Serratia marcescens can be a virulent pathogen in particular groups of patients and when assessing its significance in catheter urine specimens, consideration should be given to recognised risk factors such as old age, previous antibiotic treatment, and underlying chronic or debilitating disease, even in the absence of clinical symptoms. (+info)

Enteroviral RNA replication in the myocardium of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. (2/1509)

BACKGROUND: Previous studies dealing with the detection of enteroviral RNA in human endomyocardial biopsies have not differentiated between latent persistence of the enteroviral genome and active viral replication. Enteroviruses that are considered important factors for the development of myocarditis have a single-strand RNA genome of positive polarity that is transcribed by a virus-encoded RNA polymerase into a minus-strand mRNA during active viral replication. The synthesis of multiple copies of minus-strand enteroviral RNA therefore occurs only at sites of active viral replication but not in tissues with mere persistence of the viral genome. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated enteroviral RNA replication versus enteroviral RNA persistence in endomyocardial biopsies of 45 patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. Using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with Southern blot hybridization, we established a highly sensitive assay to specifically detect plus-strand versus minus-strand enteroviral RNA in the biopsies. Plus-strand enteroviral RNA was detected in endomyocardial biopsies of 18 (40%) of 45 patients, whereas minus-strand RNA as an indication of active enteroviral RNA replication was detected in only 10 (56%) of these 18 plus-strand-positive patients. Enteroviral RNA was not found in biopsies of the control group (n=26). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that a significant fraction of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis had active enteroviral RNA replication in their myocardium (22%). Differentiation between patients with active viral replication and latent viral persistence should be particularly important in future studies evaluating different therapeutic strategies. In addition, molecular genetic detection of enteroviral genome and differentiation between replicating versus persistent viruses is possible in a single endomyocardial biopsy. (+info)

Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry. (3/1509)

Chlamydia infections are epidemiologically linked to human heart disease. A peptide from the murine heart muscle-specific alpha myosin heavy chain that has sequence homology to the 60-kilodalton cysteine-rich outer membrane proteins of Chlamydia pneumoniae, C. psittaci, and C. trachomatis was shown to induce autoimmune inflammatory heart disease in mice. Injection of the homologous Chlamydia peptides into mice also induced perivascular inflammation, fibrotic changes, and blood vessel occlusion in the heart, as well as triggering T and B cell reactivity to the homologous endogenous heart muscle-specific peptide. Chlamydia DNA functioned as an adjuvant in the triggering of peptide-induced inflammatory heart disease. Infection with C. trachomatis led to the production of autoantibodies to heart muscle-specific epitopes. Thus, Chlamydia-mediated heart disease is induced by antigenic mimicry of a heart muscle-specific protein. (+info)

From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. (4/1509)

A progression from viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy has long been hypothesized, but the actual extent of this progression has been uncertain. However, a causal link between viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy has become more evident than before with the tremendous developments in the molecular analyses of autopsy and endomyocardial biopsy specimens, new techniques of viral gene amplification, and modern immunology. The persistence of viral RNA in the myocardium beyond 90 days after inoculation, confirmed by the method of polymerase chain reaction, has given us new insights into the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, new knowledge of T-cell-mediated immune responses in murine viral myocarditis has contributed a great deal to the understanding of the mechanisms of ongoing disease processes. Apoptotic cell death may provide the third concept to explain the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy, in addition to persistent viral RNA in the heart tissue and an immune system-mediated mechanism. Beneficial effects of alpha1-adrenergic blocking agents, carteolol, verapamil, and ACE inhibitors have been shown clinically and experimentally in the treatment of viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Antiviral agents should be more extensively investigated for clinical use. The rather discouraging results obtained to date with immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of viral myocarditis indicated the importance of sparing neutralizing antibody production, which may be controlled by B cells, and raised the possibility of promising developments in immunomodulating therapy. (+info)

Global biventricular dysfunction in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease may be caused by myocarditis. (5/1509)

BACKGROUND: The causal role of asymptomatic critical coronary artery obstruction in patients presenting with severe global biventricular dysfunction but no evidence of myocardial infarction is uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among 291 patients aged >40 years undergoing a noninvasive (2-dimensional echocardiography) and invasive (catheterization, coronary angiography, and biventricular endomyocardial biopsy, 6 to 8 samples/patient) cardiac study because of progressive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class III or IV) with global biventricular dysfunction and no history of myocardial ischemic events, 7 patients (2.4%; 7 men; mean age, 49+/-6.9 years) had severe coronary artery disease (3 vessels in 4 patients; 2 vessels in 1 patient, proximal occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery in 2 patients). Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and ejection fraction by 2-dimensional echocardiography were 73+/-10.5 mm and 23+/-6.5%, respectively, and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter and ejection fraction were 39+/-7 mm and 29+/-7.2%, respectively. Biopsy specimens showed extensive lymphocytic infiltrates with focal myocytolysis meeting the Dallas criteria for myocarditis in all patients (in 5 patients with and 2 patients without fibrosis). Cardiac autoantibodies were detected with indirect immunofluorescence in the serum of 2 patients with active myocarditis. The 2 patients with active inflammation received prednisone (1 mg. kg-1. d-1 for 4 weeks followed by 0.33 mg. kg-1. d-1 for 5 months) and azathioprine (2 mg. kg-1. d-1 for 5 months) in addition to conventional drug therapy for heart failure. At 8-month overall follow-up, cardiac volume and function improved considerably in immunosuppressed patients but remained unchanged in conventionally treated patients, of whom 1 died. CONCLUSIONS: Global biventricular dysfunction in patients with severe asymptomatic coronary artery disease and no evidence of previous myocardial infarction may be caused by myocarditis. Histologic findings may influence the treatment. (+info)

Detection of adenoviral genome in the myocardium of adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction. (6/1509)

BACKGROUND: The use of molecular biological techniques has demonstrated the importance of enteroviral infection of the myocardium in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in adults and adenovirus and enterovirus infection in children. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adenoviral infection of the myocardium of adults with impaired left ventricular function of unknown origin. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to determine the frequency of detection of adenoviral DNA and enteroviral RNA in myocardial tissue samples from 94 adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction and 14 control patients. Histological and immunohistological analyses were performed to detect myocardial inflammation. Adenoviral genomic DNA was detected by nPCR in 12 of the 94 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (in each case, adenovirus type 2), whereas enteroviral RNA was detected in another 12 patients. All control samples were negative for both viruses. In all patients, active myocarditis was excluded according to the Dallas criteria. However, there was significantly decreased CD2, CD3, and CD45RO T lymphocyte counts in the adenovirus-positive group compared with the adenovirus-negative group (P<0.05), whereas no differences were associated with enterovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: Although enteroviruses are an important causative agent in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy, this study shows that adenovirus infection is also important in the pathogenesis of left ventricular failure in adults. However, the pathogenetic basis of disease associated with adenovirus infection may be different than that after infection with other agents, particularly with respect to activation of the host immune response. (+info)

A case of eosinophilic myocarditis complicated by Kimura's disease (eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma) and erythroderma. (7/1509)

This report describes a patient with eosinophilic myocarditis complicated by Kimura's disease (eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma) and erythroderma. A 50-year-old man presented with a complaint of precordial pain. However, the only abnormal finding on examinatioin was eosinophilia (1617 eosinophils/microl). Three years later, the patient developed chronic eczema, and was diagnosed with erythroderma posteczematosa. One year later, a tumor was detected in the right auricule, and a diagnosis of Kimura's disease was made, based on the biopsy findings. The patient developed progressive dyspnea 6 months later and was found to have cardiomegaly and a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (17%). A diagnosis of eosinophilic myocarditis was made based on the results of a right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy. The eosinophilic myocarditis and erythrodrema were treated with steroids with improvement of both the eosinophilia and left ventricular function. (+info)

Rheumatic chorea in northern Australia: a clinical and epidemiological study. (8/1509)

To describe the epidemiology and clinical features of Sydenham's chorea in the Aboriginal population of northern Australia a review was conducted of 158 episodes in 108 people: 106 were Aborigines, 79 were female, and the mean age was 10.9 years at first episode. Chorea occurred in 28% of cases of acute rheumatic fever, carditis occurred in 25% of episodes of chorea, and arthritis in 8%. Patients with carditis or arthritis tended to have raised acute phase reactants and streptococcal serology. Two episodes lasted at least 30 months. Mean time to first recurrence of chorea was 2.1 years compared with 1.2 years to second recurrence. Established rheumatic heart disease developed in 58% of cases and was more likely in those presenting with acute carditis, although most people who developed rheumatic heart disease did not have evidence of acute carditis with chorea. Differences in the patterns of chorea and other manifestations of acute rheumatic fever in different populations may hold clues to its pathogenesis. Long term adherence to secondary prophylaxis is crucial following all episodes of acute rheumatic fever, including chorea, to prevent recurrence. (+info)

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, which is the middle layer of the heart wall. The myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle cells and is responsible for the heart's pumping function. Myocarditis can be caused by various infectious and non-infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, autoimmune diseases, toxins, and drugs.

In myocarditis, the inflammation can damage the cardiac muscle cells, leading to decreased heart function, arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms), and in severe cases, heart failure or even sudden death. Symptoms of myocarditis may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, and swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen.

The diagnosis of myocarditis is often based on a combination of clinical presentation, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endomyocardial biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of the disease and may include medications to support heart function, reduce inflammation, control arrhythmias, and prevent further damage to the heart muscle. In some cases, hospitalization and intensive care may be necessary.

Coxsackievirus infections are a type of viral illness caused by Coxsackie A and B viruses, which belong to the family Picornaviridae. These viruses can cause a wide range of symptoms, depending on the specific strain and the age and overall health of the infected individual.

The most common types of Coxsackievirus infections are hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina. HFMD is characterized by fever, sore throat, and a rash that typically appears on the hands, feet, and mouth. Herpangina is similar but is usually marked by painful sores in the back of the mouth or throat.

Other possible symptoms of Coxsackievirus infections include:

* Fever
* Headache
* Muscle aches
* Fatigue
* Nausea and vomiting
* Abdominal pain

In some cases, Coxsackievirus infections can lead to more serious complications, such as meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord), myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), or pleurodynia (also known as "devil's grip," a painful inflammation of the chest and abdominal muscles).

Coxsackievirus infections are typically spread through close contact with an infected person, such as through respiratory droplets or by touching contaminated surfaces. The viruses can also be spread through fecal-oral transmission.

There is no specific treatment for Coxsackievirus infections, and most people recover on their own within a week or two. However, severe cases may require hospitalization and supportive care, such as fluids and pain relief. Prevention measures include good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with sick individuals.

Enterovirus B, Human (HEVB) is a type of enterovirus that infects humans. Enteroviruses are small viruses that belong to the Picornaviridae family and are named after the Greek word "pico" meaning small. They are further classified into several species, including Human Enterovirus B (HEV-B).

HEVB includes several serotypes, such as Coxsackievirus A9, A16, and B types, and Echoviruses. These viruses are typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route or respiratory droplets and can cause a range of illnesses, from mild symptoms like fever, rash, and sore throat to more severe diseases such as meningitis, myocarditis, and paralysis.

HEVB infections are common worldwide, and people of all ages can be affected. However, young children and individuals with weakened immune systems are at higher risk for severe illness. Prevention measures include good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with sick individuals. There is no specific treatment for HEVB infections, and most cases resolve on their own within a few days to a week. However, hospitalization may be necessary for severe cases.

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the immune system, which normally protects the body from foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses, mistakenly attacks the body's own cells and tissues. This results in inflammation and damage to various organs and tissues in the body.

In autoimmune diseases, the body produces autoantibodies that target its own proteins or cell receptors, leading to their destruction or malfunction. The exact cause of autoimmune diseases is not fully understood, but it is believed that a combination of genetic and environmental factors contribute to their development.

There are over 80 different types of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the specific autoimmune disease and the organs or tissues affected. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms and suppressing the immune system to prevent further damage.

The myocardium is the middle layer of the heart wall, composed of specialized cardiac muscle cells that are responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. It forms the thickest part of the heart wall and is divided into two sections: the left ventricle, which pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body, and the right ventricle, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

The myocardium contains several types of cells, including cardiac muscle fibers, connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. The muscle fibers are arranged in a highly organized pattern that allows them to contract in a coordinated manner, generating the force necessary to pump blood through the heart and circulatory system.

Damage to the myocardium can occur due to various factors such as ischemia (reduced blood flow), infection, inflammation, or genetic disorders. This damage can lead to several cardiac conditions, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy.

Enterovirus infections are viral illnesses caused by enteroviruses, which are a type of picornavirus. These viruses commonly infect the gastrointestinal tract and can cause a variety of symptoms depending on the specific type of enterovirus and the age and overall health of the infected individual.

There are over 100 different types of enteroviruses, including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses such as EV-D68 and EV-A71. Some enterovirus infections may be asymptomatic or cause only mild symptoms, while others can lead to more severe illnesses.

Common symptoms of enterovirus infections include fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, muscle aches, and skin rashes. In some cases, enteroviruses can cause more serious complications such as meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), and paralysis.

Enterovirus infections are typically spread through close contact with an infected person, such as through respiratory droplets or fecal-oral transmission. They can also be spread through contaminated surfaces or objects. Preventive measures include good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with sick individuals.

There are no specific antiviral treatments for enterovirus infections, and most cases resolve on their own within a few days to a week. However, severe cases may require hospitalization and supportive care, such as fluids and medication to manage symptoms. Prevention efforts include vaccination against poliovirus and surveillance for emerging enteroviruses.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of cardiomyopathy characterized by the enlargement and weakened contraction of the heart's main pumping chamber (the left ventricle). This enlargement and weakness can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. DCM can be caused by various factors including genetics, viral infections, alcohol and drug abuse, and other medical conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes. It is important to note that this condition can lead to heart failure if left untreated.

Chagas cardiomyopathy is a specific type of heart disease that is caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is spread through the feces of infected triatomine bugs (also known as "kissing bugs"). The disease is named after Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite in 1909.

In Chagas cardiomyopathy, the infection can lead to inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis), which can cause damage to the heart over time. This damage can lead to a range of complications, including:

* Dilated cardiomyopathy: This is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes weakened and stretched, leading to an enlarged heart chamber and reduced pumping ability.
* Arrhythmias: These are abnormal heart rhythms that can cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and fainting.
* Heart failure: This is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid buildup in the body.
* Cardiac arrest: In severe cases, Chagas cardiomyopathy can lead to sudden cardiac arrest, which is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.

Chagas cardiomyopathy is most commonly found in Latin America, where the parasite that causes the disease is endemic. However, due to increased travel and migration, cases of Chagas cardiomyopathy have been reported in other parts of the world, including the United States. Treatment for Chagas cardiomyopathy typically involves medications to manage symptoms and prevent further complications, as well as lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise modifications. In some cases, more invasive treatments such as surgery or implantable devices may be necessary to treat severe complications of the disease.

An enterovirus is a type of virus that primarily infects the gastrointestinal tract. There are over 100 different types of enteroviruses, including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses such as EV-D68 and EV-A71. These viruses are typically spread through close contact with an infected person, or by consuming food or water contaminated with the virus.

While many people infected with enteroviruses may not experience any symptoms, some may develop mild to severe illnesses such as hand, foot and mouth disease, herpangina, meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and paralysis (in case of poliovirus). Infection can occur in people of all ages, but young children are more susceptible to infection and severe illness.

Prevention measures include practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently with soap and water, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and not sharing food or drinks with someone who is ill. There are also vaccines available to prevent poliovirus infection.

An acute disease is a medical condition that has a rapid onset, develops quickly, and tends to be short in duration. Acute diseases can range from minor illnesses such as a common cold or flu, to more severe conditions such as pneumonia, meningitis, or a heart attack. These types of diseases often have clear symptoms that are easy to identify, and they may require immediate medical attention or treatment.

Acute diseases are typically caused by an external agent or factor, such as a bacterial or viral infection, a toxin, or an injury. They can also be the result of a sudden worsening of an existing chronic condition. In general, acute diseases are distinct from chronic diseases, which are long-term medical conditions that develop slowly over time and may require ongoing management and treatment.

Examples of acute diseases include:

* Acute bronchitis: a sudden inflammation of the airways in the lungs, often caused by a viral infection.
* Appendicitis: an inflammation of the appendix that can cause severe pain and requires surgical removal.
* Gastroenteritis: an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
* Migraine headaches: intense headaches that can last for hours or days, and are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.
* Myocardial infarction (heart attack): a sudden blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, often caused by a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries.
* Pneumonia: an infection of the lungs that can cause coughing, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
* Sinusitis: an inflammation of the sinuses, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection.

It's important to note that while some acute diseases may resolve on their own with rest and supportive care, others may require medical intervention or treatment to prevent complications and promote recovery. If you are experiencing symptoms of an acute disease, it is always best to seek medical attention to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

Cardiovirus infections refer to diseases caused by viruses belonging to the Cardiovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. These viruses are small, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, animals, and birds.

In humans, the most common cardiovirus is the human enterovirus 71 (HEV71), which primarily causes hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). HFMD is a mild, self-limiting illness characterized by fever, sore throat, and rash on the hands, feet, and mouth. However, in some cases, HEV71 infection can lead to severe neurological complications such as encephalitis, meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis.

Another important cardiovirus is the Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), which primarily infects mice and causes a biphasic disease characterized by an initial phase of flaccid paralysis followed by a second phase of chronic demyelination. TMEV has been used as a model to study the mechanisms of viral-induced demyelination and has provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Cardiovirus infections are typically diagnosed through the detection of viral RNA or antigens in clinical specimens such as stool, throat swabs, or cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment is generally supportive and aimed at managing symptoms, as there are no specific antiviral therapies available for cardiovirus infections. Prevention measures include good hygiene practices, such as handwashing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Picornaviridae and the genus Cardiovirus. It is a pathogen that can infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, causing encephalomyocarditis, a disease characterized by inflammation of both the brain (encephalitis) and heart (myocarditis).

EMCV infection typically occurs through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The virus primarily targets organs with high cell turnover rates, such as the brain and heart. Infection can lead to a variety of symptoms, including fever, muscle weakness, neurological disorders, and cardiac dysfunction.

While human cases of EMCV infection are relatively rare, outbreaks have been reported in certain parts of the world, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene. In addition, EMCV has been identified as a potential bioterrorism agent due to its high virulence and ability to cause severe disease in humans.

Prevention measures include practicing good hygiene and food safety habits, such as washing hands frequently, cooking meat thoroughly, and avoiding contact with potentially contaminated water sources. There is currently no specific treatment for EMCV infection, and management typically involves supportive care to address symptoms and prevent complications.

I'm happy to help! "Rats, Inbred Lew" is a specific strain of laboratory rats that have been inbred for research purposes. The "Lew" part of the name refers to the location where they were first developed, the Lewis Institute in Lake Bluff, Illinois, USA.

Inbreeding is a process of mating closely related individuals over many generations to create a genetically homogeneous population. This results in a high degree of genetic similarity among members of the strain, making them ideal for use as experimental models because any differences observed between individuals are more likely to be due to the experimental manipulation rather than genetic variation.

Inbred Lew rats have been widely used in biomedical research, particularly in studies related to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. They exhibit a number of unique characteristics that make them useful for these types of studies, including their susceptibility to developing high blood pressure when fed a high-salt diet or given certain drugs.

It's important to note that while inbred strains like Lew rats can be very useful tools for researchers, they are not perfect models for human disease. Because they have been bred in a controlled environment and selected for specific traits, they may not respond to experimental manipulations in the same way that humans or other animals would. Therefore, it's important to interpret findings from these studies with caution and consider multiple lines of evidence before drawing any firm conclusions.

Cardiac myosins are a type of myosin protein that are specifically expressed in the cardiac muscle cells (or cardiomyocytes) of the heart. These proteins play a crucial role in the contraction and relaxation of heart muscles, which is essential for proper heart function and blood circulation.

Myosins are molecular motors that use chemical energy from ATP to generate force and movement. In the context of cardiac muscle cells, cardiac myosins interact with another protein called actin to form sarcomeres, which are the basic contractile units of muscle fibers. During contraction, the heads of cardiac myosin molecules bind to actin filaments and pull them together, causing the muscle fiber to shorten and generate force.

There are different isoforms of cardiac myosins that can vary in their structure and function. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins have been linked to various forms of cardiomyopathy, which are diseases of the heart muscle that can lead to heart failure and other complications. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of cardiac myosins is an important area of research for developing therapies and treatments for heart disease.

The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart and the valves between them. It is a thin, smooth membrane that is in contact with the blood within the heart. This layer helps to maintain the heart's internal environment, facilitates the smooth movement of blood through the heart, and provides a protective barrier against infection and other harmful substances. The endocardium is composed of simple squamous epithelial cells called endothelial cells, which are supported by a thin layer of connective tissue.

A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of tissue is taken from the body to be examined under a microscope for the presence of disease. This can help doctors diagnose and monitor various medical conditions, such as cancer, infections, or autoimmune disorders. The type of biopsy performed will depend on the location and nature of the suspected condition. Some common types of biopsies include:

1. Incisional biopsy: In this procedure, a surgeon removes a piece of tissue from an abnormal area using a scalpel or other surgical instrument. This type of biopsy is often used when the lesion is too large to be removed entirely during the initial biopsy.

2. Excisional biopsy: An excisional biopsy involves removing the entire abnormal area, along with a margin of healthy tissue surrounding it. This technique is typically employed for smaller lesions or when cancer is suspected.

3. Needle biopsy: A needle biopsy uses a thin, hollow needle to extract cells or fluid from the body. There are two main types of needle biopsies: fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy. FNA extracts loose cells, while a core needle biopsy removes a small piece of tissue.

4. Punch biopsy: In a punch biopsy, a round, sharp tool is used to remove a small cylindrical sample of skin tissue. This type of biopsy is often used for evaluating rashes or other skin abnormalities.

5. Shave biopsy: During a shave biopsy, a thin slice of tissue is removed from the surface of the skin using a sharp razor-like instrument. This technique is typically used for superficial lesions or growths on the skin.

After the biopsy sample has been collected, it is sent to a laboratory where a pathologist will examine the tissue under a microscope and provide a diagnosis based on their findings. The results of the biopsy can help guide further treatment decisions and determine the best course of action for managing the patient's condition.

Reoviridae infections refer to diseases caused by the Reoviridae family of viruses, which are non-enveloped, double-stranded RNA viruses. These viruses are widespread and can infect a variety of hosts, including humans, animals, and insects. The infection typically causes mild respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms in humans, such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, and diarrhea. In some cases, Reoviridae infections may also lead to more severe diseases, such as meningitis or encephalitis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. However, it's worth noting that many Reoviridae infections are asymptomatic and do not cause any noticeable illness.

Reoviridae viruses include several genera, such as Orthoreovirus, Rotavirus, Coltivirus, and Orbivirus, among others. Some of the most well-known human pathogens in this family include Rotaviruses, which are a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in young children worldwide, and Orthoreoviruses, which can cause respiratory illnesses.

Treatment for Reoviridae infections is generally supportive, focusing on managing symptoms such as fever, dehydration, and pain. Antiviral medications are not typically used to treat these infections. Prevention measures include good hygiene practices, such as handwashing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals, as well as vaccination against specific Reoviridae viruses, such as Rotavirus vaccines.

Pericarditis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the pericardium, which is the thin sac-like membrane that surrounds the heart and contains serous fluid to reduce friction during heartbeats. The inflammation can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and sometimes fever.

The pericardium has two layers: the visceral pericardium, which is tightly adhered to the heart's surface, and the parietal pericardium, which lines the inner surface of the chest cavity. Normally, there is a small amount of fluid between these two layers, allowing for smooth movement of the heart within the chest cavity.

In pericarditis, the inflammation causes the pericardial layers to become irritated and swollen, leading to an accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial space. This can result in a condition called pericardial effusion, which can further complicate the situation by putting pressure on the heart and impairing its function.

Pericarditis may be caused by various factors, including viral or bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, heart attacks, trauma, or cancer. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and reducing inflammation with medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, or corticosteroids. In severe cases, pericardiocentesis (removal of excess fluid from the pericardial space) or surgical intervention may be necessary.

Myosins are a large family of motor proteins that play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including muscle contraction and intracellular transport. They consist of heavy chains, which contain the motor domain responsible for generating force and motion, and light chains, which regulate the activity of the myosin. Based on their structural and functional differences, myosins are classified into over 35 classes, with classes II, V, and VI being the most well-studied.

Class II myosins, also known as conventional myosins, are responsible for muscle contraction in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. They form filaments called thick filaments, which interact with actin filaments to generate force and movement during muscle contraction.

Class V myosins, also known as unconventional myosins, are involved in intracellular transport and organelle positioning. They have a long tail that can bind to various cargoes, such as vesicles, mitochondria, and nuclei, and a motor domain that moves along actin filaments to transport the cargoes to their destinations.

Class VI myosins are also unconventional myosins involved in intracellular transport and organelle positioning. They have two heads connected by a coiled-coil tail, which can bind to various cargoes. Class VI myosins move along actin filaments in a unique hand-over-hand motion, allowing them to transport their cargoes efficiently.

Overall, myosins are essential for many cellular functions and have been implicated in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer.

Viral diseases are illnesses caused by the infection and replication of viruses in host organisms. These infectious agents are obligate parasites, meaning they rely on the cells of other living organisms to survive and reproduce. Viruses can infect various types of hosts, including animals, plants, and microorganisms, causing a wide range of diseases with varying symptoms and severity.

Once a virus enters a host cell, it takes over the cell's machinery to produce new viral particles, often leading to cell damage or death. The immune system recognizes the viral components as foreign and mounts an immune response to eliminate the infection. This response can result in inflammation, fever, and other symptoms associated with viral diseases.

Examples of well-known viral diseases include:

1. Influenza (flu) - caused by influenza A, B, or C viruses
2. Common cold - usually caused by rhinoviruses or coronaviruses
3. HIV/AIDS - caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
4. Measles - caused by measles morbillivirus
5. Hepatitis B and C - caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), respectively
6. Herpes simplex - caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2)
7. Chickenpox and shingles - both caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
8. Rabies - caused by rabies lyssavirus
9. Ebola - caused by ebolaviruses
10. COVID-19 - caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Prevention and treatment strategies for viral diseases may include vaccination, antiviral medications, and supportive care to manage symptoms while the immune system fights off the infection.

In medical terms, the heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity that functions as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. It's responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. The human heart is divided into four chambers: two atria on the top and two ventricles on the bottom. The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the rest of the body. The heart's rhythmic contractions and relaxations are regulated by a complex electrical conduction system.

Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle, leading to mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction. The American Heart Association (AHA) defines cardiomyopathies as "a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not always) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation and frequently lead to heart failure."

There are several types of cardiomyopathies, including:

1. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): This is the most common type of cardiomyopathy, characterized by an enlarged left ventricle and impaired systolic function, leading to heart failure.
2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM): In this type, there is abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, particularly in the septum between the two ventricles, which can obstruct blood flow and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM): This is a rare form of cardiomyopathy characterized by stiffness of the heart muscle, impaired relaxation, and diastolic dysfunction, leading to reduced filling of the ventricles and heart failure.
4. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC): In this type, there is replacement of the normal heart muscle with fatty or fibrous tissue, primarily affecting the right ventricle, which can lead to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
5. Unclassified cardiomyopathies: These are conditions that do not fit into any of the above categories but still significantly affect the heart muscle and function.

Cardiomyopathies can be caused by genetic factors, acquired conditions (e.g., infections, toxins, or autoimmune disorders), or a combination of both. The diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sometimes genetic testing. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition but may include medications, lifestyle modifications, implantable devices, or even heart transplantation in severe cases.

Giant cells are large, multinucleated cells that result from the fusion of monocytes or macrophages. They can be found in various types of inflammatory and degenerative lesions, including granulomas, which are a hallmark of certain diseases such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. There are several types of giant cells, including:

1. Langhans giant cells: These have a horseshoe-shaped or crescentic arrangement of nuclei around the periphery of the cell. They are typically found in granulomas associated with infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and histoplasmosis.
2. Foreign body giant cells: These form in response to the presence of foreign material, such as a splinter or suture, in tissue. The nuclei are usually scattered throughout the cell cytoplasm.
3. Touton giant cells: These are found in certain inflammatory conditions, such as xanthomatosis and granulomatous slack skin. They have a central core of lipid-laden histiocytes surrounded by a ring of nuclei.
4. Osteoclast giant cells: These are multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. They can be found in conditions such as giant cell tumors of bone and Paget's disease.

It is important to note that the presence of giant cells alone does not necessarily indicate a specific diagnosis, and their significance must be interpreted within the context of the overall clinical and pathological findings.

Edema, cardiac is a type of edema (swelling) that occurs due to the accumulation of fluid in the body tissues as a result of heart failure. When the heart is not able to pump blood efficiently, it can cause blood to back up in the veins and increase pressure in the capillaries. This increased pressure forces fluid out of the blood vessels and into the surrounding tissues, causing edema.

Cardiac edema most commonly affects the lower extremities, such as the legs, ankles, and feet, but it can also occur in other parts of the body, including the lungs (pulmonary edema). Symptoms of cardiac edema may include swelling, weight gain, shortness of breath, and coughing. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying heart condition through medications, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures.

BALB/c is an inbred strain of laboratory mouse that is widely used in biomedical research. The strain was developed at the Institute of Cancer Research in London by Henry Baldwin and his colleagues in the 1920s, and it has since become one of the most commonly used inbred strains in the world.

BALB/c mice are characterized by their black coat color, which is determined by a recessive allele at the tyrosinase locus. They are also known for their docile and friendly temperament, making them easy to handle and work with in the laboratory.

One of the key features of BALB/c mice that makes them useful for research is their susceptibility to certain types of tumors and immune responses. For example, they are highly susceptible to developing mammary tumors, which can be induced by chemical carcinogens or viral infection. They also have a strong Th2-biased immune response, which makes them useful models for studying allergic diseases and asthma.

BALB/c mice are also commonly used in studies of genetics, neuroscience, behavior, and infectious diseases. Because they are an inbred strain, they have a uniform genetic background, which makes it easier to control for genetic factors in experiments. Additionally, because they have been bred in the laboratory for many generations, they are highly standardized and reproducible, making them ideal subjects for scientific research.

Animal disease models are specialized animals, typically rodents such as mice or rats, that have been genetically engineered or exposed to certain conditions to develop symptoms and physiological changes similar to those seen in human diseases. These models are used in medical research to study the pathophysiology of diseases, identify potential therapeutic targets, test drug efficacy and safety, and understand disease mechanisms.

The genetic modifications can include knockout or knock-in mutations, transgenic expression of specific genes, or RNA interference techniques. The animals may also be exposed to environmental factors such as chemicals, radiation, or infectious agents to induce the disease state.

Examples of animal disease models include:

1. Mouse models of cancer: Genetically engineered mice that develop various types of tumors, allowing researchers to study cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.
2. Alzheimer's disease models: Transgenic mice expressing mutant human genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, which exhibit amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline.
3. Diabetes models: Obese and diabetic mouse strains like the NOD (non-obese diabetic) or db/db mice, used to study the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively.
4. Cardiovascular disease models: Atherosclerosis-prone mice, such as ApoE-deficient or LDLR-deficient mice, that develop plaque buildup in their arteries when fed a high-fat diet.
5. Inflammatory bowel disease models: Mice with genetic mutations affecting intestinal barrier function and immune response, such as IL-10 knockout or SAMP1/YitFc mice, which develop colitis.

Animal disease models are essential tools in preclinical research, but it is important to recognize their limitations. Differences between species can affect the translatability of results from animal studies to human patients. Therefore, researchers must carefully consider the choice of model and interpret findings cautiously when applying them to human diseases.

Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis. It's transmitted to humans and other mammals through the feces of triatomine bugs, often called "kissing bugs." The parasite can also be spread through contaminated food, drink, or from mother to baby during pregnancy or birth.

The life cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi involves two main forms: the infective metacyclic trypomastigote that is found in the bug's feces and the replicative intracellular amastigote that resides within host cells. The metacyclic trypomastigotes enter the host through mucous membranes or skin lesions, where they invade various types of cells and differentiate into amastigotes. These amastigotes multiply by binary fission and then differentiate back into trypomastigotes, which are released into the bloodstream when the host cell ruptures. The circulating trypomastigotes can then infect other cells or be taken up by another triatomine bug during a blood meal, continuing the life cycle.

Clinical manifestations of Chagas disease range from an acute phase with non-specific symptoms like fever, swelling, and fatigue to a chronic phase characterized by cardiac and gastrointestinal complications, which can develop decades after the initial infection. Early detection and treatment of Chagas disease are crucial for preventing long-term health consequences.

Parvovirus B19, Human is a single-stranded DNA virus that primarily infects humans. It belongs to the Parvoviridae family and Erbovirus genus. This virus is the causative agent of erythema infectiosum, also known as fifth disease, a mild, self-limiting illness characterized by a facial rash and occasionally joint pain or inflammation.

Parvovirus B19 has a strong tropism for erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, where it replicates and causes temporary suppression of red blood cell production (aplastic crisis) in individuals with underlying hemolytic disorders such as sickle cell disease or spherocytosis.

Additionally, Parvovirus B19 can cause more severe complications in immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and fetuses. Infection during pregnancy may lead to hydrops fetalis, anemia, or even fetal death, particularly in the first and second trimesters. Transmission of the virus occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and occasionally via blood transfusions or vertical transmission from mother to fetus.

A fatal outcome is a term used in medical context to describe a situation where a disease, injury, or illness results in the death of an individual. It is the most severe and unfortunate possible outcome of any medical condition, and is often used as a measure of the severity and prognosis of various diseases and injuries. In clinical trials and research, fatal outcome may be used as an endpoint to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different treatments or interventions.

Severe myocarditis in COVID-19 is also more likely in those who have COVID-19 pneumonia. Myocarditis is a rare adverse side ... Myocarditis can be seen during COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus; with the myocarditis being associated with ... Fulminant myocarditis, the most severe subtype, has been shown to occur in up to 2.5% of known myocarditis presentations. When ... Acute non-fulminant myocarditis has a less distinct onset in contrast to fulminant myocarditis, and evolves over days to months ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocarditis

Perhaps less commonly, eosinophilic myocarditis, eosinophilic thrombotic myocarditis, and eosinophilic fibrotic myocarditis are ... In its most extreme form, however, eosinophilic myocarditis can present as acute necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis, i.e. ... Additionally, and unlike in other forms of myocarditis, eosinophilic myocarditis may also show enhanced gadolinium uptake in ... of eosinophilic myocarditis differs from the specific treatment of other forms of myocarditis in that it is focused on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_myocarditis

Idiopathic Giant cell Myocarditis RESERVED, INSERM US14-- ALL RIGHTS. "Orphanet: Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis". www.orpha. ... Compared to lymphocytic (presumed viral) myocarditis, giant cell myocarditis is much more severe with much more rapid ... Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis (IGCM) is a cardiovascular disease of the muscle of the heart (myocardium). The condition is ... Multicenter Giant Cell Myocarditis Study Group Investigators". N. Engl. J. Med. 336 (26): 1860-6. doi:10.1056/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_giant-cell_myocarditis

... (IM3OS) is a rare immune-related adverse event primarily associated ... Siu, Derrick Ho Wai; O'Neill, Robert Sean; Harris, Carole A (2022). "Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis, myositis ... Pathak, Ranjan; Katel, Anjan; Massarelli, Erminia (2021). "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis with Myositis/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocarditis-myositis-myasthenia_gravis_overlap_syndrome

The heart muscle may become inflamed in a condition called myocarditis, most commonly caused by a viral infection but sometimes ... Cooper, Leslie T. (2009-04-09). "Myocarditis". The New England Journal of Medicine. 360 (15): 1526-1538. doi:10.1056/ ... Rose, Noel R. (July 2016). "Viral myocarditis". Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 28 (4): 383-389. doi:10.1097/BOR. ... Bracamonte-Baran, William; Čiháková, Daniela (2017). "Cardiac Autoimmunity: Myocarditis". The Immunology of Cardiovascular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_muscle

Although recovering from Bornholm disease is expected, some rare complications include myocarditis, respiratory failure, ... myocarditis, or pleurodynia by demonstration of immunoglobulin M antibody". Infect. Immun. 8 (3): 341-8. doi:10.1128/iai.8.3. ... myocarditis; infectious hepatitis; common cold. Churchill Livingstone. pp. 483-496. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4089-4.00063-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornholm_disease

myocarditis and pericarditis, or inflammation of the heart. There is a rare risk of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart ... The risk of myocarditis and pericarditis is significantly higher (up to 11 times higher with respect to myocarditis) after ... who may have a higher risk of myocarditis after the second Moderna mRNA vaccine (an additional 97 cases of myocarditis per 1 ... December 2021). "Myocarditis after Covid-19 Vaccination in a Large Health Care Organization". The New England Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine

... myocarditis, mild." Petitioner's wife, the nominal party in this suit, was appointed guardian of his person and estate in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galloway_v._United_States

Rose NR (2016). "Viral myocarditis". Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 28 (4): 383-9. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000303. PMC ... developing bronchospasm as well as symptoms of the acute coronary syndrome and/or heart failure due to eosinophilic myocarditis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_eosinophilic_leukemia

... it can travel and infect the heart and cause myocarditis. Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart, most commonly cause by ... Amongst the viruses capable of causing myocarditis, CVB3 is a common agent identified in inducing cardiac damage. ... Woodruff JF (November 1980). "Viral myocarditis. A review". Am. J. Pathol. 101 (2): 425-84. PMC 1903609. PMID 6254364. Onyimba ... "Soluble recombinant coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor abrogates coxsackievirus b3-mediated pancreatitis and myocarditis in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCAR-Fc

Non-genetic cardiomyopathies can have a definitive causes such as viral infections, myocarditis and others. Cardiomyopathies ... In 2015 cardiomyopathy and myocarditis affected 2.5 million people. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affects about 1 in 500 people ... Rose NR (2016). "Viral myocarditis". Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 28 (4): 383-9. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000303. PMC ... and Myocarditis: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology". Circulation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiomyopathy

... one of myocarditis; and one from massive skull trauma caused by a fall while attempting to escape the fire. While the fire ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM_Grand_fire

... myocarditis; M5 - systemic lupus erythematosus and undifferentiated collagenosis, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. These ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-mitochondrial_antibody

No autopsy was conducted on Samarano however, she had been diagnosed as having acute myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart ... ISBN 978-1-56343-885-1. "Myocarditis - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924_Los_Angeles_pneumonic_plague_outbreak

Dysplasia, dystrophy, or myocarditis?". Circulation. 94 (5): 983-91. doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.5.983. PMID 8790036. Dorfman, TA; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_rhythm_problems_during_spaceflight

President of Myocarditis Foundation. Andy Plump, MD, PhD (1989-90 Sarnoff Fellow, 1998-2000 Sarnoff Scholar), Chief Medical and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarnoff_Fellowship

Ellis CR, Di Salvo T (2007). "Myocarditis: basic and clinical aspects". Cardiology in Review. 15 (4): 170-7. doi:10.1097/CRD. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_hypertension

Myocarditis and pericarditis are rare. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome Chronic fatigue syndrome Cancers associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_mononucleosis

"Davies (myocarditis) to miss next three World Cup qualifiers". TSN. January 14, 2022. Archived from the original on January 16 ... In the June 9 game against Curaçao, he marked his return to international competition after his myocarditis-related absence ... "Davies diagnosed with mild myocarditis". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022 ... it was revealed that he had developed mild myocarditis; he was unable to train with the rest of the Bayern squad. Davies is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonso_Davies

Hopp, L. J. (1989). Viral Myocarditis: A case study. In Groer, M. W. & Shekleton, M. E. Basic Pathophysiology: A Holistic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_Hopp

Sari I, Zengin S, Davutoglu V, Yildirim C, Gunay N (June 2008). "Myocarditis after black widow spider envenomation". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrodectus_elegans

This condition is observed in myocarditis. Osler, Sir William; McCrae, Thomas (1908). Modern Medicine: Its Theory and Practice ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryocardia

Cardiac involvement may manifest as myocarditis. Ocular larva migrans (OLM) is the third syndrome, manifesting as uveitis, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxocariasis

... myocarditis". Heart. 96 (24): 2051-2. doi:10.1136/hrt.2010.209338. PMID 21062771. S2CID 36684597.(subscription required) Ahmed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mephedrone

Pericarditis and myocarditis are seen, too. Pulmonary infection can be from inhalation or hematogenous sources, and can cause ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucella

Sari, I. (2008). "Myocarditis after black widow spider envenomation". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 630 (5): e1-3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrodectus

Lerner AM (October 1990). "Viral myocarditis as an incidental discovery". Hospital Practice. 25 (10): 81-4, 87-90. doi:10.1016/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_stabilization

FMD Myocarditis in Pigs Stenfeldt, C.; Pacheco, J. M.; Smoliga, G. R.; Bishop, E.; Pauszek, S. J.; Hartwig, E. J.; Rodriguez, L ... Though most animals eventually recover from FMD, the disease can lead to myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and ... "Morphologic and phenotypic characteristics of myocarditis in two pigs infected by foot-and mouth disease virus strains of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease

Smallpox vaccination has been a known risk factor for myocarditis and pericarditis since the 1950s. In 1983, an incidence of ... Myopericarditis is a combination of both myocarditis and pericarditis appearing in a single individual, namely inflammation of ... Bengtsson E, Lundstrom R. Postvaccinal myocarditis. Cardiologia.1957;30:1-8. Karjalainen, Jouko; Heikkilä, Juhani; Nieminen, ... while predominant myocarditis with some pericardial involvement is called perimyocarditis. Lu, Lei; Sun, RongRong; Liu, Min; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopericarditis

Pericarditis and/or myocarditis are typically caused by enteroviruses; symptoms consist of fever with dyspnea and chest pain. ... One of the most common enteroviruses found to be responsible for causing Myocarditis is the Coxsackie B3 virus. A 2007 study ... Coxsackie B viruses are found worldwide and can cause myocarditis (inflammation of the heart); pericarditis (inflammation of ... Chapman, N. M.; Kim, K. S. (2008). "Persistent coxsackievirus infection: enterovirus persistence in chronic myocarditis and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterovirus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocarditis

Myocarditis can be hard to diagnose because the signs and symptoms often mimic those of other heart and lung diseases, or a bad ... Myocarditis. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwalds Heart Disease: A Textbook of ... Myocarditis is an uncommon disorder. Most of the time, it is caused by an infection that reaches the heart. ... If the provider suspects myocarditis based on the exam and chest x-ray, an electrocardiogram may also be done to help make the ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000149.htm

The Myocarditis Outcomes after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Investigation is a project to follow up on VAERS reports of ... CDC will contact people with myocarditis cases reported to VAERS after at least 90 days since myocarditis symptoms began. ... Investigating Long-Term Effects of Myocarditis. How CDC Is Investigating Myocarditis Health Effects after COVID-19 Vaccination ... Symptoms of myocarditis such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering, or pounding ...

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myo-outcomes.html

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a wide range of clinical presentations, from subtle to ... Lieberman further classified myocarditis as follows [10] :. * Fulminant myocarditis: Follows a viral prodrome; distinct onset ... Viral myocarditis. In viral myocarditis, viral isolates differ in tissue tropism and virulence. For example, coxsackievirus A9 ... Idiopathic myocarditis. Approximately 50% of the time, myocarditis is classified as idiopathic, although a report by Klugman et ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156330-overview

... , Viral Myocarditis, Postinfectious Myocarditis, Dilated Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Viral Myocarditis, Viral ... Myocarditis. Myocarditis Aka: Myocarditis, Viral Myocarditis, Postinfectious Myocarditis, Dilated Cardiomyopathy Secondary to ... These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Myocarditis." Click on the image (or right click) to open ... Klauer (2013) Congestive Heart Failure and Myocarditis, EM Bootcamp, CEME. *Pacheco and Rawani-Patel (2019) Crit Dec Emerg Med ...

https://fpnotebook.com/CV/ID/Mycrdts.htm

Tag: myocarditis. Science and Medicine. Part 1: "Dont Minimize Myocarditis From The Vaccine", By the Author of "Dont Fear ... Risk of Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine. Risk of myocarditis following mRNA vaccines is real but tiny, and far ... Medical Conservatives: A High Rate of COVID-Myocarditis is "Good News", A Low Rate of Vaccine-Myocarditis is "Deeply Concerning ... That latest article on the post vaccine myocarditis autopsy analysis. The autopsy report for two teens who allegedly died of ...

https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/tag/myocarditis/

Toxic myocarditis in paracetamol poisoning: Authors reply Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296 :64 doi:10.1136/bmj.296.6614.64 ... Toxic myocarditis in paracetamol poisoning: Authors reply. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj. ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/296/6614/64.1/related

... Hong Kong Med J. 2021 Oct;27(5):326-327. doi: 10.12809/hkmj215120. Epub 2021 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34393110/

Immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-associated myocarditis has a high fatality rate, warranting the development of more-effective ... associated myocarditis (n = 9), compared with ICI‐treated patients without myocarditis (n = 4)6. ... Myocarditis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 71, 1755-1764 (2018). ... Fulminant myocarditis with combination immune checkpoint blockade. N. Engl. J. Med. 375, 1749-1755 (2016). ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-023-00762-1?error=cookies_not_supported&code=3548d8b6-9ff3-47ee-9c19-e96cca7560b0

... and utilization characteristics associated with outcome in hospitalized pediatric patients with myocarditis. This was a ... Overall survival of myocarditis patients was 92%. Myocarditis patients who died presented with a higher severity of illness and ... Pediatric patients hospitalized with myocarditis: a multi-institutional analysis Pediatr Cardiol. 2010 Feb;31(2):222-8. doi: ... A total of 427,615 patients were discharged, and 216 (0.05%) were diagnosed with myocarditis. Common etiologies were idiopathic ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19936586/

Stamps McGough added to retired list after recovering from myocarditis. The Calgary Stampeders announced Monday that national ... McGough joined the Calgary Stampeders but spent the 2021 season on the retired list while recovering from myocarditis. ...

https://www.tsn.ca/connor-mcgough-calgary-stampeders-retired-list-myocarditis-1.1806482

... theyve found a possible link between the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and cases of heart inflammation called myocarditis ... One difficulty in determining whether the COVID-19 vaccine is linked to myocarditis is that the actual rate of myocarditis in ... Whats more, myocarditis itself is usually caused by a viral infection, in particular, by viruses known as enteroviruses, ... For now, the CDC is advising parents and young people to be on the lookout for symptoms of myocarditis, which include chest ...

https://www.livescience.com/covid-19-vaccine-myocarditis-teens-report.html

In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, giant cell myocarditis or eosinophilic myocarditis the use of immunosuppressive treatment ... giant cell myocarditis and eosinophilic myocarditis. Inflammatory cardiomyopathy can also occur in connection with autoimmune ... Such interventions may also have beneficial effects in chronic viral myocarditis once the virus has been cleared. In severe ... The most common cause of inflammatory cardiomyopathy is lymphocytic myocarditis, which is most usually triggered by a viral ...

https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/78096

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... preventing her from caring for children whom she charged were contracting myocarditis from the shots amid a cover-up. ... Fired pediatric nurse tearfully testifies of vaccine-induced myocarditis in kids. I am the face of your COVID misinformation ... But the CDCs analysis of its own Vaccine Safety Datalink surveillance data shows the incidence of myocarditis after ... Buettner said she cared for children suffering from myocarditis "after the vaccine." ...

https://www.wnd.com/2022/09/fired-pediatric-nurse-tearfully-testifies-vaccine-induced-myocarditis-kids/

Pages tagged: myocarditis. Researchers at The Texas Heart Institute and MD Anderson Cancer Center Reveal Why Certain Anti- ... Myocarditis simply means inflammation of the heart muscle. This is a relatively rare condition that most doctors encounter only ... Dear Raf: It is thought that most cases of myocarditis are mild and dont get medical attention. For example we... ...

https://www.texasheart.org/tag/myocarditis/

Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may serve as the key to diagnosing myocarditis, an inflammatory heart condition that leads to ... Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may serve as the key to diagnosing myocarditis, an inflammatory heart condition that leads to ... Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may serve as the key to diagnosing myocarditis, an inflammatory heart condition that leads to ... Contrast enhancement is a frequent finding in the clinical setting of myocarditis, said Dr. Heiko Mahrholdt, a cardiologist at ...

https://www.diagnosticimaging.com/view/contrast-mr-may-hold-key-diagnosing-myocarditis

Professor blasts COVID-19 jabs for young: No such thing as mild myocarditis. Why would you want to submit people who are ... Myocarditis, which is inflammation in the heart, is a potential side effect of COVID-19 jabs, particularly in young boys. ... Pelech noted that when the heart cells die from myocarditis "they are not replaced in your body and are instead replaced by ... Pfizer lately added a warning to its COVID-19 jab fact sheet concerning myocarditis and pericarditis. ...

https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/doctor-blasts-covid-19-vaccination-for-kids-no-such-thing-as-mild-myocarditis/?utm_source=top_news&utm_campaign=usa

Tags cause, confirmed, covid, doesn, myocarditis If My Side Doesnt Win We Will Live in Nazi Germany ... CONFIRMED: COVID Doesnt Cause Myocarditis. November 7, 2022 9:04 pm. by IWB ...

https://www.investmentwatchblog.com/confirmed-covid-doesnt-cause-myocarditis/

Tag Archive: myocarditis. What Is Your Problem With The Death Lottery? "Most of us dont die!" One of our guests (click on the ...

https://rileysfarm.com/index.php/tag/myocarditis/

A cardiologist who treated a child suffering from myocarditis - an inflammation of the heart muscle - after getting vaccinated ... Severe cases of myocarditis can lead to heart attack, stroke, heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. Signs of myocarditis in ... Aidens cardiologist told us no case of myocarditis is mild. Thats like saying a heart attack is mild." Myocarditis deprives ... after second dose of Pfizer vaccine triggers myocarditis.) "Parents need to understand that myocarditis is not covered under ...

https://www.naturalnews.com/2021-08-22-no-case-of-covid-19-vaccine-myocarditis-is-mild.html

A case of myocarditis was defined as 1) a person with myocarditis diagnosed by electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or cardiac ... The reporting of myocarditis cases from other counties likely reflected baseline rates of idiopathic myocarditis in those ... Mounts AW, Amr S, Jamshidi R, Groves C, Dwyer D, Guarner J, A cluster of fulminant myocarditis cases in children, Baltimore, ... Myocarditis: the Dallas criteria. Hum Pathol. 1987;18:619-24. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/10/04-1152_article

The viral vector vaccine of Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen) was not associated with signals of myocarditis/pericarditis (ROR = 1.39; 95% ... A population-based data mining approach was performed based on the reporting odds ratio (ROR). Adverse events of myocarditis ... For patients at high risk for myocarditis/pericarditis or with myocardial injuries, the viral vector vaccine may be an ... This study was designed to investigate the incidence rate of-and risk for-myocarditis and pericarditis following COVID-19 ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1106

... is a rare and commonly fatal form of fulminant myocarditis. During the acute phase, while immunosuppressive therapy is ... and potential VA-ECMO weaning process of patients with this form of severe myocarditis. ... Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and commonly fatal form of fulminant myocarditis. During the acute phase, while ... L. T. Cooper Jr., G. J. Berry, and R. Shabetai, "Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis-natural history and treatment," The New ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cricc/2016/5407597/

... developing myocarditis - inflammation of the heart muscle - is fu ... But the myocarditis cases were associated with enterovirus ... Johns Hopkins Medicine, Myocarditis, accessed May 22, 2023. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Myocarditis, ... Uptick in cases of myocarditis in newborns in Wales linked to enterovirus, not COVID-19 vaccines If Your Time is short * ... Uptick in cases of myocarditis in newborns in Wales linked to enterovirus, not COVID-19 vaccines. * ...

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2023/may/23/instagram-posts/uptick-in-cases-of-myocarditis-in-newborns-in-wale/

Myocarditis is more likely to occur after infection with COVID-19 than from the vaccine, whose benefits for children far ... What is myocarditis and pericarditis?. Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle and pericarditis is inflammation of the ... How common is myocarditis and pericarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine vs COVID-19 infection?. Developing myocarditis and ... No cases of myocarditis have yet been observed in children ,12 who received the mRNA vaccine, and the lower dose in this age ...

https://weillcornell.org/news/what-to-know-about-myocarditis-and-covid-19

... myocarditis, Myocarditis In Children, parasites, pericarditis, pharmaceuticals, social awareness, sudden death, troponin, ... So, What Is Myocarditis?. April 11, 2022. By Janet Hull PhD, CN ... Myocarditis In Children, obesity in children, organic foods, ... Were hearing more and more about an issue that we rarely knew much about - Myocarditis. After you listen to cardiologists ...

https://janethull.com/blog/keywords/myocarditis-in-children/

The item is only claimable once in a patients lifetime, and is intended for use "in circumstances where myocarditis cannot be ... "MBS item 63399 is being introduced for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assist in diagnosing myocarditis that may ... MRI scan to diagnose myocarditis after Covid-19 vaccine added to Medicare Benefits Schedule. ... Read more: MRI scan to diagnose myocarditis after Covid-19 vaccine added to Medicare Benefits Schedule ...

https://davidicke.com/2022/03/11/mri-scan-to-diagnose-myocarditis-after-covid-19-vaccine-added-to-medicare-benefits-schedule/

Research has found that children are at an elevated risk of developing myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle, after ... The risk of myocarditis from Covid-19 vaccines. Myocarditis usually comes from an infection from either a virus or bacteria and ... While myocarditis risk post-vaccination is real, those are real numbers that are bigger, said Brian Feingold, an expert on ... Myocarditis can occur in Covid-19 patients when the coronavirus infects the cardiac muscle and the lining of blood vessels, ...

https://www.advisory.com/daily-briefing/2021/11/04/myocarditis

Individuals afflicted with myocarditis can chronically develop dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a condition characterized by ... Immunization with Mt 10 vaccine completely protected mice against CVB3-induced myocarditis and pancreatitis by inducing VP1- ... we sought to dissect the cellular compositions of heart tissues and infiltrates in CVB3-induced myocarditis, and developed a ... and fibroblasts as the significant contributors to inflammation in post-infectious myocarditis. This analysis led us to ...

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/dissertations/AAI29252885/

The FDA and European Medicines Agency estimates the risk of myocarditis after the Covid-19 vaccine as 1 case per 100,000 of those who are vaccinated. (wikipedia.org)
Judah Kreinbrook, a first year medical student, responds to a post on Sensible Medicine by a medical student that exaggerated the risk of myocarditis from COVID-19 vaccines while expressing anger at how trust in medicine has been undermined. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Risk of myocarditis following mRNA vaccines is real but tiny, and far outweighed by the benefit of vaccines. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
The COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Technical (VaST) Work Group, which is part of ACIP, assessed the reported cases and noted that the risk of myocarditis following vaccination with the mRNA-based vaccines in adolescents and young adults is notably higher after the second dose, particularly in males. (naturalnews.com)
Shortly after cases were first reported, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) rapidly convened to evaluate the risk of myocarditis and determined that the benefits of the vaccine clearly outweigh the risks, including in adolescents and young adults. (weillcornell.org)
One study from Kaiser Permanente Northern California found that participants ages 12 to 39 who were vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine had a 19-times higher risk of myocarditis than the general population. (advisory.com)
Still, Moderna announced that it is reviewing data on the risk of myocarditis post-vaccination in children ages 12 to 17, and may not be ready to submit data to FDA until January 2022. (advisory.com)
A large study from Israel 2 revealed that the Pfizer COVID-19 mRNA jab is associated with a threefold increased risk of myocarditis, 3 leading to the condition at a rate of one to five excess events per 100,000 persons. (21stcenturywire.com)
Due to the risk of myocarditis, Britain's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization (JCVI) recommended against COVID-9 injections for healthy 12- to 15-year-olds. (21stcenturywire.com)
Even though the CDC and the European Medicines Agency are continuing to monitor the number of reported cases, experts stressed that vaccination's benefits exceed the relatively small risk of myocarditis. (tctmd.com)
[4-6] However, there are a lack of data regarding the risk of myocarditis recurrence after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with a history of the condition. (scitechdaily.com)
We hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination would not increase the risk of myocarditis recurrence in patients who had the condition in the past. (scitechdaily.com)

CDC is conducting surveys of patients (or their parents or guardians) and healthcare providers to gather information about myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. (cdc.gov)
CDC is contacting people who meet the case definition for myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination. (cdc.gov)
CDC contacts people who meet the case definition for myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination and whose cases were reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). (cdc.gov)
Your healthcare provider can provide this information, which is important as we try to understand more about myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. (cdc.gov)
Among patients aged 12-39 years with no predisposing comorbidities, the relative risk of heart failure or death was markedly higher for myocarditis associated with covid-19 disease than for myocarditis associated with vaccination. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
A preprint from Thailand gives us more information about vaccine-associated myocarditis in younger people, but should not be weaponized by antivaccine activists as a reason to avoid vaccination against COVID-19. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
And even if there is a link, it's important to note that the vast majority of myocarditis cases seen after vaccination have so far been mild and responded well to anti-inflammatory medications, such as steroids, said Dr. Alejandro Jordan-Villegas, a pediatric infectious disease expert at Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, who was not involved with the report. (livescience.com)
The Israeli report, which was led by Dr. Dror Mevorach, head of internal medicine at Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem, found more than 110 cases of myocarditis in Israel that occurred around the time of COVID-19 vaccination, mostly after the second shot, out of about 5 million people vaccinated across the country. (livescience.com)
But the CDC's analysis of its own Vaccine Safety Datalink surveillance data shows the incidence of myocarditis after vaccination is three to five times higher for young men than what the agency was reporting at this time last year. (wnd.com)
According to VaST, the data suggests a likely association of myocarditis with mRNA vaccination in adolescents and young adults. (naturalnews.com)
An increasing number of myocarditis/pericarditis incidences has been reported after coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccination in adolescents and young adults. (mdpi.com)
By comparison, myocarditis observed post-vaccination is typically mild and transient. (advisory.com)
While myocarditis risk post-vaccination is real, 'those are real numbers that are bigger,' said Brian Feingold, an expert on heart inflammation in children at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh . (advisory.com)
MBS item 63399 is being introduced for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assist in diagnosing myocarditis that may occur after vaccination with the mRNA Covid-19 vaccines Comirnaty (Pfizer) and Spikevax (Moderna)," the fact sheet says . (davidicke.com)
Post-marketing surveillance of Pfizer's and Moderna's COVID vaccination has identified a possible association between its use and subsequent episodes of myocarditis and pericarditis - two forms of heart inflammation. (acsh.org)
Researchers stressed that the risks are small, and that the benefit of vaccination far outweighs concerns about myocarditis. (tctmd.com)
Two new research letters and one case report, published in Circulation this week, are highlighting the temporal association between vaccination for COVID-19 and the onset of myocarditis, a rare side effect that has the attention of regulators in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere. (tctmd.com)
With myocarditis being an extremely rare adverse event, he stressed, the benefits of vaccination continue to far outpace the risks. (tctmd.com)
Rare cases of myocarditis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been reported in the scientific literature with a prevalence of 2.1 cases for 100,000 inhabitants. (scitechdaily.com)
Dr. Abou Saleh pointed out: "Our experience shows that in some situations patients have avoided vaccination because they, or their GP, were afraid it could cause another bout of myocarditis. (scitechdaily.com)
Dr. Abou Saleh said: "We showed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with a history of acute myocarditis is not associated with a risk of recurrent myocarditis or other serious side effects. (scitechdaily.com)
The abstract 'Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with a history of acute myocarditis' will be available on demand on the ' e-Posters session . (scitechdaily.com)
Myocarditis after Covid-19 vaccination in a large health care organization. (scitechdaily.com)
As part of the surveillance system that monitors new medicines, doctors have been asked to specifically look for myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination to make sure we are not missing any cases. (fnha.ca)
This video discusses myocarditis as it relates to receipt of the COVID-19 vaccine, and considerations related to the relative risks and benefits of vaccination compared with vulnerability to COVID-19. (fnha.ca)
Vaccine-associated myocarditis (VAM) is a rare, but real side effect of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, presenting disproportionately in younger adult males and adolescents in days to a week or two after administration of a second dose. (acc.org)
make a significant contribution to the understanding of the natural history of VAM in their recent research article , summarizing the clinical course 139 patients with myocarditis diagnosed using standardized criteria within 30 days of mRNA vaccination in patients under 21 years. (acc.org)
Clinically suspected myocarditis temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adults. (acc.org)
The reports of myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination have been very rare, and for the most part, mild. (connecticutchildrens.org)
Earlier in May, a work group of CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices discussed that although the rates of reports of myocarditis following vaccination have not differed from expected baseline rates, information about them should be communicated to providers to enhance early recognition and appropriate management. (pids.org)
Clinicians are urged to report all cases of myocarditis and pericarditis post COVID-19 vaccination to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System . (pids.org)
Title : Update on myocarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination Personal Author(s) : Shimabukuro, Tom T. Corporate Authors(s) : CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Coordination Unit. (cdc.gov)

In 2013, about 1.5 million cases of acute myocarditis occurred. (wikipedia.org)
Myocarditis can be distinguished as either fulminant or acute based on the severity of symptoms on presentation, as well as the time course over which symptoms develop and persist. (wikipedia.org)
Acute non-fulminant myocarditis has a less distinct onset in contrast to fulminant myocarditis, and evolves over days to months. (wikipedia.org)
While the symptoms of acute myocarditis overlap with those of fulminant myocarditis, they do not typically occur at rest, and treatment does not require the use of mechanical circulatory support. (wikipedia.org)
Patients with myocarditis have a clinical history of acute decompensation of heart failure, but they have no other underlying cardiac dysfunction or have low cardiac risk. (medscape.com)
The diagnosis of acute myocarditis is usually presumptive, based on patient demographics and the clinical course. (medscape.com)
Patients with myocarditis usually present with signs and symptoms of acute decompensation of heart failure (eg, tachycardia, gallop, mitral regurgitation, edema) and, in those with concomitant pericarditis, with pericardial friction rub. (medscape.com)
In general, treatment of either acute or chronic myocarditis is aimed at reducing congestion and improving cardiac hemodynamics in heart failure, as well as providing supportive therapy, with the hope of prolonging survival. (medscape.com)
Acute myocarditis is characterized by inflammatory infiltrates of the myocardium. (cdc.gov)
Acute myocarditis is typically sporadic, although clusters have been reported during outbreaks of viral disease ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Walker N, Acute myocarditis. (radiopaedia.org)
An echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. (radiopaedia.org)
A similar study published in Pediatrics 13 reported seven cases of acute myocarditis or myopericarditis in otherwise healthy adolescent males. (21stcenturywire.com)
Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a variable presentation and clinical course. (revespcardiol.org)
From July 2008 to March 2016, 32 infants and children (0-16 years) with acute myocarditis were admitted to our center. (revespcardiol.org)
Although acute myocarditis is definitively diagnosed with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), the technique is not performed systematically because of some associated risks. (revespcardiol.org)
4 Accordingly, from February 2015, a specific protocol-directed therapy was implemented in those patients in our center with acute myocarditis and LVEF (revespcardiol.org)
The researchers included all patients hospitalized in Hospices Civils de Lyon during the last five years (from January 2016 to June 2021) with a diagnosis of acute myocarditis. (scitechdaily.com)
A total of 142 patients with a prior history of confirmed acute myocarditis were enrolled in the study. (scitechdaily.com)
Diagnosis and risk stratification in patients presenting with acute myocarditis is especially challenging due to the great heterogeneity of clinical presentation. (medsci.org)

Myocarditis can be a rare side-effect of the Covid-19 mRNA vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
COVID mRNA vaccines only result in rare, mild, and transitory myocarditis, but this doesn't stop misinformation from spreading. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Establishment media "fact checkers," relying on the CDC, typically have slapped a "misinformation" label on reports that the COVID-19 vaccines are associated with a significantly high rate of myocarditis, potentially causing blood clots, heart attack or stroke. (wnd.com)
Heart inflammation was not identified as an adverse reaction during the safety trials for the vaccine, but the CDC announced in June that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) would add a warning to the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines about a possible link to cases of myocarditis in teenagers and young adults. (naturalnews.com)
COVID-19 vaccines administered during pregnancy drove an increase in cases of myocarditis in babies. (politifact.com)
A WHO spokesperson told PolitiFact that at this stage, there is no reason to believe the increase in myocarditis cases among newborns was linked to COVID-19 vaccines. (politifact.com)
An unusual spike in the number of newborns in the U.K. developing myocarditis - inflammation of the heart muscle - is fueling online misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. (politifact.com)
But the myocarditis cases were associated with enterovirus infections, not COVID-19 or the vaccines. (politifact.com)
In some rare cases , myocarditis has been linked to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. (politifact.com)
De Lemos also noted that myocarditis linked to mRNA vaccines is significantly less common and severe than the condition occurring in patient who contract Covid-19. (advisory.com)
How Worried Should You Be About Myocarditis From Covid-19 Vaccines? (savvymom.ca)
Some cases of myocarditis (which is an inflammation of the heart muscle) and pericarditis (which is inflammation of the lining of the heart) have been reported in teens and young adults who have received the Pfizer or Moderna Covid-19 vaccines. (savvymom.ca)
It's important to note that myocarditis and pericarditis are not side effects unique to these Covid vaccines. (savvymom.ca)
But the risk of pericarditis or myocarditis from Covid-19 vaccines is real and should be weighed against the benefit of the vaccine. (savvymom.ca)
In a September-October 2021 case report with literature review, it was concluded that "the outcomes of this case scenario confirm myocarditis as a probable complication of COVID-19 vaccines. (21stcenturywire.com)
Dr. Charles Hoffe, a family physician from Lytton, British Columbia, told health officials that his patients were suffering adverse effects from the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, including myocarditis. (21stcenturywire.com)
There were roughly 19.7 million doses of the mRNA vaccines administered and 417 cases of myocarditis or pericarditis found in the Ontario registry. (acsh.org)
Last week, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) generated headlines when it reported a higher-than-expected number of myocarditis cases among young people who received the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. (tctmd.com)
On June 18, 2021, the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is scheduled to meet and provide an update on vaccine safety, including myocarditis after receipt of one of the mRNA-based vaccines. (tctmd.com)
Myocarditis with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. (scitechdaily.com)
The recent reports of myocarditis and pericarditis provide a good example to let you know how the vaccine safety system works, ensuring that COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective - and saving lives. (fnha.ca)
In the case of myocarditis and the mRNA vaccines, no regulatory action has so far been taken, either in Canada or internationally. (fnha.ca)
Japan is now labeling Covid "vaccines" to warn of dangerous and potentially deadly side effects such as myocarditis. (cairco.org)
Major Study Reveals Real Myocarditis Risk with mRNA Vaccines-Young Males Most at Risk , TrialSite News, December 9, 2021. (cairco.org)
Dr. Levy writes that while "once rare," myocarditis - a form of heart inflammation - has become "genuinely common" thanks to both COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 vaccines administered to the public at large beginning in late 2020. (naturalhealth365.com)
Increased cases of myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported in the U.S. after receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, particularly in adolescents and young adults, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (pids.org)

However, the use of routine endomyocardial biopsy in establishing the diagnosis of myocarditis rarely is helpful clinically, since histologic diagnosis seldom has an impact on therapeutic strategies, unless giant cell myocarditis is suspected. (medscape.com)
Rare causes of specific inflammatory cardiomyopathies include cardiac sarcoidosis, giant cell myocarditis and eosinophilic myocarditis. (intechopen.com)
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, giant cell myocarditis or eosinophilic myocarditis the use of immunosuppressive treatment is recommended, as is the case in myocarditis associated with autoimmune disorders. (intechopen.com)
Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and commonly fatal form of fulminant myocarditis. (hindawi.com)
Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare clinical condition characterized by rapid compromise of cardiac systolic function, ultimately leading to severe cardiogenic shock. (hindawi.com)
Immunosuppression is of use in certain types of myocarditis (eg, hypersensitivity myocarditis, giant cell myocarditis, myocarditis caused by sarcoidosis). (msdmanuals.com)

Among the next 30 patients (treated March 2020-August 2021), 22 patients with grade ≥ 3 myocarditis received corticosteroids in combination with the selective costimulation modulator abatacept and, in 17 patients, the JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. (nature.com)
Following his time with the Ticats, McGough joined the Calgary Stampeders but spent the 2021 season on the retired list while recovering from myocarditis. (tsn.ca)
8 In August 2021, New Zealand reported the death of a woman following Pfizer's COVID-19 jab, which they believe was due to vaccine-induced myocarditis. (21stcenturywire.com)
In the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is also investigating myocarditis and pericarditis, which is inflammation of the outer lining of the heart, following mRNA COVID-19 jabs, stating that more than 1,000 cases have been reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) since April 2021. (21stcenturywire.com)
When reports first surfaced in 2021 that some cases of myocarditis - the inflammation of the heart muscle, potentially leading to blood clots and heart attack or stroke - were potentially associated with the Covid-19 vaccine, the corporate media and its fact-checkers were quick to label them as misinformation, saying the benefits of the vaccine far outweigh its small risks. (theacru.org)
Corrected figures showed the trust dealt with 86 emergency attendances for pericarditis or myocarditis in 2021, equivalent to about 0.01 per cent of the trust's catchment population. (aap.com.au)
In that video, which is no longer available on his YouTube channel but archived here , Dr Campbell claimed 7.2 per cent of people in Swindon were treated for pericarditis or myocarditis in 2021. (aap.com.au)
Dr Campbell's claim relied on Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust figures released via a freedom of information (FOI) request that appeared to show it recorded 16,239 emergency attendances for pericarditis in 2021 and 2724 for myocarditis in the same year. (aap.com.au)
The trust's corrected figures showed there were only 74 emergency attendances for pericarditis and 12 for myocarditis in 2021. (aap.com.au)
A calculation using the revised figure of 86 pericarditis and myocarditis emergency attendances in 2021 and a catchment population of 750,000 would mean the equivalent of about 0.01 per cent of residents attended hospital for emergency pericarditis or myocarditis treatment, not eight per cent. (aap.com.au)
Those figures showed the trust discharged 210 patients treated for pericarditis or myocarditis in 2021. (aap.com.au)
A previous analysis of myocarditis patients who only received VA ECMO support found 48% survival at 30 days ( Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation , 2021). (financialcontent.com)

Between June 2022 and April 2023 in Wales, 10 newborns under 28 days old developed myocarditis associated with infections from enterovirus, some of the most prevalent viruses in the world, according to the World Health Organization and the Welsh minister for health and social services. (politifact.com)
From June 2022 to April 2023 in Wales, 10 newborns younger than 28 days old who were hospitalized and tested positive for enterovirus infections also developed myocarditis, according to the WHO . (politifact.com)
In the six years before June 2022, only two similar myocarditis cases were identified in the South Wales region, the WHO said. (politifact.com)
Lasrado, Ninaad, "Mechanisms and Prevention of Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocarditis" (2022). (unl.edu)
In January 2022, 31-year-old Bobby Goines, a husband, father of three and sales representative from Conway, AR, was diagnosed with myocarditis due to COVID-19 and was in cardiogenic shock. (financialcontent.com)
NaturalHealth365 ) As major news outlets report on the alarming rise in excess deaths recorded in 2022 - and yet continue to insist that there is "no" known link between these deaths and the global COVID shot experiment - many experts are warning that potentially deadly and previously rare heart problems like myocarditis are becoming increasingly commonplace. (naturalhealth365.com)

While many causes of myocarditis are known, there are many cases in which a causative agent cannot be identified. (wikipedia.org)
The most common causes of myocarditis are infectious organisms. (wikipedia.org)

Aiden's cardiologist told us no case of myocarditis is mild. (naturalnews.com)

The higher-than-expected rate of myocarditis cases among Americans below 30 is consistent with the data from Israel. (naturalnews.com)
Data published in JAMA Cardiology 14 by physicians from the Navy, Army and Air Force also revealed a higher-than-expected rate of myocarditis in U.S. military personnel who received a COVID-19 jab. (21stcenturywire.com)

The flu can cause myocarditis itself. (savvymom.ca)
Plus, studies in the U.S. and Israel have shown that COVID-19 infection is actually much more likely to cause myocarditis than getting the vaccine. (connecticutchildrens.org)

Fulminant myocarditis is defined as sudden and severe myocarditis that is associated with signs and symptoms of heart failure while at rest. (wikipedia.org)
More specifically, fulminant myocarditis is characterized by a distinct, rapid onset of severe heart failure symptoms, such as shortness of breath and chest pain, that develop over the course of hours to days. (wikipedia.org)

Severe cases of myocarditis can lead to heart attack, stroke, heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. (naturalnews.com)
Myocarditis can occur in Covid-19 patients when the coronavirus infects the cardiac muscle and the lining of blood vessels, which can cause long-term damage to the heart and other organs, the Times reports. (advisory.com)
Individuals afflicted with myocarditis can chronically develop dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a condition characterized by cardiac remodeling that can lead to heart failure. (unl.edu)
Myocarditis results in myocyte necrosis that can mimic other cardiac diseases, mainly ischemic cardiopathy. (jle.com)
CSANZ has submitted an application for a new MBS item number for Cardiac MRI in the Diagnosis of Myocarditis. (edu.au)
In severe cases, myocarditis can cause permanent damage to the heart muscle and lead to heart failure, heart attack, stroke and sudden cardiac death. (21stcenturywire.com)
Brighton defined three levels of certainty associated with myocarditis and pericarditis: Level 1, a definite case, confirmed biopsy or MRI, Level 2, and Level 3, a possible case, based upon symptoms, an abnormal EKG, and some biomarkers of inflammation not of cardiac injury (e.g., c-reactive protein). (acsh.org)
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging depicts myocardial necrosis and later replacement fibrosis (scar) in patients with myocarditis with high spatial resolution. (medsci.org)
and ≤ 14 days for Impella 5.0 and Impella 5.5 with SmartAssist) LV unloading and support to treat critical care patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection who are undergoing ECMO treatment and who develop pulmonary edema while on V-A ECMO support or late cardiac decompensation from myocarditis while on V-V ECMO support. (financialcontent.com)
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium with necrosis of cardiac myocytes. (msdmanuals.com)

Myocarditis, also known as inflammatory cardiomyopathy, is an acquired cardiomyopathy due to inflammation of the heart muscle. (wikipedia.org)
The most common cause of inflammatory cardiomyopathy is lymphocytic myocarditis, which is most usually triggered by a viral infection, and occasionally by other infectious agents. (intechopen.com)
Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may serve as the key to diagnosing myocarditis, an inflammatory heart condition that leads to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy in as many as one of every 10 patients and sudden death in some cases. (diagnosticimaging.com)
A review of all records for patients with discharge diagnoses of myocarditis or cardiomyopathy at all 5 hospitals in Kane County from October 1, 2002, through March 31, 2003, was conducted to find unreported cases of myocarditis. (cdc.gov)
Its serum levels are decreased in patients with myocarditis and persistent virus in the myocardium 6 and it is therapeutically useful in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of a viral genome. (revespcardiol.org)
Myocarditis and related disorders: proceedings of the International Symposium on Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis / edited by Morie Sekiguchi, Eckhardt G. J. Olsen, John F. Goodwin. (who.int)

Myocarditis is most often due to a viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
What's more, myocarditis itself is usually caused by a viral infection, in particular, by viruses known as enteroviruses, Jordan-Villegas said. (livescience.com)
In its statement, the WHO said that the most common cause of myocarditis is viral infection, including infection from enteroviruses, which are among the world's most prevalent class of viruses. (politifact.com)
Both pericarditis and myocarditis are associated with viral infection, although the underlying cause is unknown in many cases. (acsh.org)
[3] The leading cause of myocarditis is viral infection. (scitechdaily.com)
Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle often caused by a viral infection. (financialcontent.com)

In Canada there have been a small number of reports of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who have received a COVID mRNA vaccine but - so far at least - we have not seen higher rates than would occur in the population from other causes. (fnha.ca)

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a wide range of clinical presentations, from subtle to devastating. (medscape.com)
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium. (unl.edu)

One difficulty in determining whether the COVID-19 vaccine is linked to myocarditis is that the actual rate of myocarditis in the general population is unclear, Jordan-Villegas said. (livescience.com)
The CDC presentation lists numbers for the expected and actual rate of myocarditis and pericarditis for various age-groups, for male and female patients, and for 7-days and 21-days after receiving a dose and for the 1st or 2nd dose. (stackexchange.com)

The recent approval of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for children ages 5-11 has triggered concerns about resulting myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle, and of pericarditis, inflammation of the outer lining of the heart. (weillcornell.org)

Because many cases of myocarditis are not clinically obvious, a high degree of suspicion is required. (medscape.com)
To investigate the association of a wide QRS-T angle on the surface ECG and late gadolinium enhancement on contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic (CMR) imaging in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis. (medsci.org)
We prospectively enrolled 97 consecutive patients that underwent CMR at the Cardiovascular MRI Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth Hospital Essen, Germany for clinically suspected myocarditis. (medsci.org)
Interestingly, it appears that myocarditis cases occurring now are clinically distinct from pre-pandemic cases (that is, those not related to spike protein exposure). (naturalhealth365.com)

Despite this approach and consistent with other severe irAEs, patients often do not have improvement or resolution of myocarditis and require additional treatment with other agents. (nature.com)
Our case highlights the value of this novel, flexible, and disposable device for hemodynamic monitoring, accurate therapy guidance, and potential VA-ECMO weaning process of patients with this form of severe myocarditis. (hindawi.com)
It was immediately followed by a Zero Hedge headline that read: "WHO Warns Of 'Unusual' Surge in Severe Myocarditis in Babies. (politifact.com)
In very young babies, enterovirus can, on rare occasions, lead to a severe complication called myocarditis - which causes inflammation of the heart," Ladhani said. (politifact.com)
The reported increase in severe myocarditis associated with enterovirus infection among newborns was unusual, the WHO reported . (politifact.com)
These foxes excreted virus pharyngeally for three to seven days, and they became ill with severe pneumonia, myocarditis, and even encephalitis. (cdc.gov)

Contrast enhancement is a frequent finding in the clinical setting of myocarditis,' said Dr. Heiko Mahrholdt, a cardiologist at Robert Bosch Medical Center in Stuttgart, Germany. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Dr. Sallie Permar, the Nancy C. Paduano Professor of Pediatrics, and Dr. Karen P. Acker, Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics at Weill Cornell Medicine, answer common questions around myocarditis and COVID-19. (weillcornell.org)
James de Lemos, MD (UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX), a coauthor on the case series with Rosner and colleagues, said the clinical profile of the male patients presenting with myocarditis tends to be quite similar, but all responded well to treatment and there isn't anything at this point to suggest they won't completely recover. (tctmd.com)
Jensen CJ, Zadeh B, Wambach JM, Lambers M, Nassenstein K, Bruder O. Association of QRS-T angle and Late Gadolinium Enhancement in patients with a Clinical Suspicion of Myocarditis. (medsci.org)
Diagnosis and risk stratification in patients with suspected myocarditis is particularly challenging due to a great spectrum of clinical presentations. (medsci.org)
We enrolled 97 consecutive patients that were referred to CMR imaging for a clinical suspicion of myocarditis. (medsci.org)
Aim of this study was to investigate a possible association between an abnormal QRS-T-angle on the routine surface ECG and myocardial necrosis as visualized by LGE in patients with a clinical suspicion of myocarditis. (medsci.org)
Endomyocardial biopsy confirms clinical diagnosis of myocarditis. (msdmanuals.com)
This systematic review collates current evidence about demographics, symptomatology, diagnostic, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infected patients with myocarditis . (bvsalud.org)

Globally, Chagas disease is the leading cause of myocarditis, which results from infection with the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. (wikipedia.org)
Contact your provider if you have symptoms of myocarditis, especially after a recent infection. (medlineplus.gov)
An infectious cause of myocarditis is usually suspected when unexplained heart failure or arrhythmia occurs in a person with a systemic febrile illness or upper respiratory tract infection. (cdc.gov)
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Johns Hopkins Medicine also list infection as the most common cause of myocarditis. (politifact.com)
In fact, myocarditis is more likely to occur after infection with COVID-19 than from the vaccine, whose benefits for children far outweigh the risks. (weillcornell.org)
How common is myocarditis and pericarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine vs COVID-19 infection? (weillcornell.org)
An individual is more likely to develop myocarditis after infection with COVID-19 than from the vaccine. (weillcornell.org)
Myocarditis usually comes from an infection from either a virus or bacteria and causes symptoms like shortness of breath, rapid or irregular heartbeat, or chest pain, the New York Times reports. (advisory.com)
Myocarditis may be caused by many disorders (eg, infection, cardiotoxins, drugs, and systemic disorders such as sarcoidosis) but is often idiopathic. (msdmanuals.com)
COVID-19 Infection and Myocarditis: A State-of-the-Art Systematic Review. (bvsalud.org)
Cohorts and case reports that comprised of patients with confirmed myocarditis due to COVID-19 infection , aged >18 years were included. (bvsalud.org)
It is essential to demarcate COVID-19 infection and myocarditis presentations due to the heightened risk of death among patients contracting both myocardial inflammation and ARDS. (bvsalud.org)

Laboratory studies and imaging were consistent with myocarditis. (canlyme.com)

The signs and symptoms associated with myocarditis are varied, and relate either to the actual inflammation of the myocardium or to the weakness and dysfunction of the heart muscle that is secondary to the inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, myocarditis is often associated with pericarditis, and many people with myocarditis present with signs and symptoms that suggest myocarditis and pericarditis at the same time. (wikipedia.org)
Myocarditis can be hard to diagnose because the signs and symptoms often mimic those of other heart and lung diseases, or a bad case of the flu. (medlineplus.gov)
CDC will contact people with myocarditis cases reported to VAERS after at least 90 days since myocarditis symptoms began. (cdc.gov)
Mahrholdt described his group's experience with 32 patients who presented with symptoms suggesting myocarditis: flulike conditions experienced within two months of hospital admission, chest pain, shortness of breath, tachycardia, and an ECG pattern consistent with the presence of the disease. (diagnosticimaging.com)
What are the symptoms of myocarditis and pericarditis? (weillcornell.org)

As Matt Shapiro detailed in his Substack post on the matter, "Last year's misinformation on vaccine-associated myocarditis in young men is this year's well-established fact. (theacru.org)

We hypothesize that advanced CMR can detect myocardial structural, functional, and metabolic changes associated with autoimmune myocarditis in cardio-toxicity associated with CPI therapy of the PD-1 pathway in cancer patients. (yale.edu)

Emily adds: "They're not explaining what mild myocarditis means. (naturalnews.com)

Is the COVID-19 vaccine causing rare myocarditis cases? (livescience.com)
A study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on July 30 found that 397 children between the ages of 12 and 17 were diagnosed with myocarditis after receiving Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine . (naturalnews.com)
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), CDC's vaccine advisory group, met in June to discuss cases of myocarditis in people aged 30 and younger who have received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. (naturalnews.com)
Increased reports of myocarditis and pericarditis were seen after the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, most commonly in adolescent and young adult males, occurring around 3-5 days after the second dose. (weillcornell.org)
Developing myocarditis and pericarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine is very rare. (weillcornell.org)
Less than 400 cases of myocarditis and pericarditis associated with the vaccine have been reported and more than 8 million children and adolescents have received the COVID-19 vaccine. (weillcornell.org)
Research has found that children are at an elevated risk of developing myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle, after receiving an mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. (advisory.com)
Do young Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine recipients have 200x the background rate of myocarditis/pericarditis? (stackexchange.com)
No. Myocarditis/pericarditis cases appear in male Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine recipients between 16 and 24 years old at 5 to 25 times the background rate, not 200 times. (stackexchange.com)
Is the COVID-19 Vaccine Linked to Heart Problems Like Myocarditis and Pericarditis in Young People? (connecticutchildrens.org)
In other words, one way to protect your child from myocarditis is getting their COVID-19 vaccine. (connecticutchildrens.org)

The researchers categorized the uncertainty of the myocarditis and pericarditis cases using the Brighton criteria. (acsh.org)
The expected number of myocarditis/pericarditis cases in this population of 18-24 year old males is somewhere between 1 and 8 cases, also in the same CDC source. (stackexchange.com)

Highlighting how difficult it is to know the underlying prevalence of the condition, a review in the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia estimated that the incidence of viral myocarditis is 10 to 22 cases per 100,000 per year. (livescience.com)
In most cases of lymphocytic myocarditis, recovery occurs within a few weeks following supportive treatment. (intechopen.com)
Of the 21 cases in which histological material had been harvested from the enhanced regions, 19 confirmed the diagnosis of myocarditis. (diagnosticimaging.com)
On March 21, 2003, the Kane County Health Department was notified about 6 cases of presumptive myocarditis and 1 case of pericarditis that occurred in patients hospitalized in Kane County, Illinois, within a 2-week period from February 26 to March 10. (cdc.gov)
On March 22, IDPH distributed a notice describing the cluster of myocarditis cases to local health departments and healthcare providers in Illinois and requested urgent reporting of similar cases. (cdc.gov)
Israel's Ministry of Health identified over 200 cases of myocarditis in men between 16 and 30 years old , a vast majority of those happening at the younger end of that range. (naturalnews.com)
However, the system wasn't designed to capture all cases of heart inflammation and only counted the reports which used the term myocarditis. (naturalnews.com)
The article on Zero Hedge - a blog website with a history of publishing misinformation - focused on a May 16 WHO disease outbreak alert about an uptick in myocarditis cases among newborns in the United Kingdom. (politifact.com)
Current trends suggest the chances of developing myocarditis are highest after the second dose of an mRNA vaccine in male patients ages 16 to 29, as there are roughly 11 cases for every 100,000 vaccinated males in this age group, the Times reports. (advisory.com)
But international regulators, including the American CDC, have reported a definitive link between a small number of cases of myocarditis or pericarditis and vaccinations. (savvymom.ca)
With these few cases of myocarditis and pericarditis, we're seeing a condition that requires medical attention certainly but is also entirely treatable. (savvymom.ca)
Based on data from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) , there have been roughly 475 cases of myocarditis and pericarditis in people ages 30 years and younger. (tctmd.com)
Among males 18-24 years old, 219 cases of myocarditis/pericarditis were reported to the CDC within 7 days of receiving a second mRNA vaccine dose ( page 28 here ). (stackexchange.com)
In this study, researchers reviewed 275 cases of myocarditis out of 5.4 million people who have received a first dose and 5 million people who have received a second dose. (stackexchange.com)
Ninety percent of the cases picked up in Israel appeared in men, and although myocarditis is normally more common among young men, the rate among those vaccinated was somewhere between five and 25 times the background rate , the report says. (stackexchange.com)
Since June, the CDC has been investigating rare cases of myocarditis and pericarditis in vaccinated young people. (connecticutchildrens.org)
Remember when the mainstream media immediately downplayed the rise in myocarditis cases , particularly among post-vaxxed teen boys and young men - by saying that myocarditis is generally mild and resolves quickly? (naturalhealth365.com)

the data, in this case, some reliable findings on the incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis associated with the COVID vaccinations. (acsh.org)
The incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis was higher after the second dose, more so with Moderna's vaccine, and more frequently among males. (acsh.org)
The incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis decreased as the interval between vaccine dosages increased. (acsh.org)
I think it's a very small number compared to the number of patients vaccinated and it's also very small compared with the annual global incidence of myocarditis related to viral illnesses or other etiologies. (tctmd.com)

Additionally, Rosner said they were reassured that patients presented quite typically for myocarditis, which allowed them to quickly identify it and start treatment. (tctmd.com)

In response to the report, Pfizer said it was aware of the findings, but that no causal link between myocarditis and its vaccine had been established, according to Reuters . (livescience.com)
Pfizer lately added a warning to its COVID-19 jab fact sheet concerning myocarditis and pericarditis. (lifesitenews.com)
Exclusive: Athlete who recovered from COVID facing 'very different future' after second dose of Pfizer vaccine triggers myocarditis. (naturalnews.com)
Japan is particularly raising concerns about the risks of myocarditis in young men injected with Pfizer or Moderna's gene-therapy treatment. (cairco.org)

Studies on myocarditis among young men after receiving an mRNA vaccine dose are minimal. (stackexchange.com)

Bacteria can also result in myocarditis, although it is rare in patients with normal heart function and without a preexisting immunodeficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle. (medlineplus.gov)
Myocarditis usually manifests in an otherwise healthy person and can result in rapidly progressive heart failure and arrhythmia. (medscape.com)
Myocarditis, which is inflammation in the heart, is a potential side effect of COVID-19 jabs, particularly in young boys. (lifesitenews.com)
Pelech noted that when the heart cells die from myocarditis "they are not replaced in your body and are instead replaced by scar-tissue, which is from fibroblasts. (lifesitenews.com)
Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle and pericarditis is inflammation of the outer lining of the heart. (weillcornell.org)
To fill these gaps, we sought to dissect the cellular compositions of heart tissues and infiltrates in CVB3-induced myocarditis, and developed a vaccine candidate to prevent CVB infections. (unl.edu)
First, by performing single-cell RNA sequencing on heart cells from myocarditic mice, we identified M2 macrophages, T cells, and fibroblasts as the significant contributors to inflammation in post-infectious myocarditis. (unl.edu)
The CT findings of venous engorgement of the IVC and SMV, in conjunction with the significant reflux of contrast into the IVC and the ascites, are suggestive of heart faliure, possibly secondary to myocarditis in view of the myocardial hyper-enhancement. (radiopaedia.org)
Myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle, is among them. (21stcenturywire.com)
When myocarditis occurs, it reduces your heart's ability to pump and can cause rapid or abnormal heart rhythms that can be deadly. (21stcenturywire.com)
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the middle layers of the heart's wall, and it too causes pain and may lead to the heart failing its function in fully circulating our blood. (acsh.org)
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. (scitechdaily.com)
These findings further demonstrate the potential of increasing native heart recovery in myocarditis patients through the use of Impella, which is an important consideration given the limited number of heart transplants," said lead investigator Koichi Toda, MD, a cardiovascular surgeon at the department of cardiovascular surgery at Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine. (financialcontent.com)
In Aug. 2020, the U.S. FDA issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for left-sided Impella heart pumps to provide left ventricular unloading and support to COVID-19 patients who are undergoing ECMO treatment and develop pulmonary edema or myocarditis. (financialcontent.com)
Now, in a January 5, 2023 article , Dr. Levy details his experience as a heart doctor in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic … and offers remedy after remedy for myocarditis. (naturalhealth365.com)
Dr. Levy explains that pre-pandemic myocarditis "generally did not involve any predisposition to blood clotting in addition to the inflammation of the affected heart muscle cells. (naturalhealth365.com)
However, troponin is detectable in the blood when heart tissue becomes damaged due to issues like heart attacks or - you guessed it - myocarditis. (naturalhealth365.com)
COVID-19 may lead to cardiovascular injuries , resulting in myocarditis , with inflammation of the heart muscle . (bvsalud.org)

Lyme Myocarditis Presenting as Chest Pain in an Adolescent Girl. (canlyme.com)

In CDC's ongoing study to investigate long-term effects of myocarditis, initial patient surveys at least 90 days after diagnosis showed nearly all patients (80%) were considered by their cardiologist or other healthcare provider to have either fully or probably fully recovered. (cdc.gov)
6 recently published their experience in treating 40 consecutive patients who were admitted to a single cardio-oncology unit (at Hôpital Pitié‐Salpétrière, Paris, France) for ICI-associated myocarditis using various therapeutic strategies. (nature.com)
The objective of this study was to identify the patient, institutional, and utilization characteristics associated with outcome in hospitalized pediatric patients with myocarditis. (nih.gov)
A total of 427,615 patients were discharged, and 216 (0.05%) were diagnosed with myocarditis. (nih.gov)
Myocarditis patients who died presented with a higher severity of illness and required frequent use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and other ICU therapies. (nih.gov)
In conclusion, pediatric patients with myocarditis have considerable variability in their presentations and outcomes, use more resources, and die more often than children with other diagnoses. (nih.gov)
11 Another study from Israel detailed myocarditis following Pfizer's COVID-19 jab in six male patients with a median age of 23 years. (21stcenturywire.com)
These results provide reassuring data that may encourage patients with a history of myocarditis to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2," said study author Dr. Iyad Abou Saleh of Hospices Civils de Lyon, France. (scitechdaily.com)
The main reason given for not getting the vaccine was the fear of myocarditis recurrence (12 patients, 75% of non-vaccinated patients). (scitechdaily.com)
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) visualizes myocardial necrosis and fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven myocarditis. (medsci.org)
78 of 97 patients with suspected myocarditis had LGE on CMR. (medsci.org)
A wide QRS-T angle of 90 degrees or more is linked to myocardial fibrosis or necrosis (late gadolinium enhancement) in patients with suspected myocarditis. (medsci.org)
Abiomed (ABMD) announces the result of a three-year, investigator-led study of all Impella-supported patients treated at 109 hospitals in Japan shows a 30-day survival rate of 77% for patients with cardiogenic shock due to myocarditis. (financialcontent.com)
The analysis examined 143 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock due to myocarditis who received Impella support or Impella plus VA ECMO support, known as ECpella. (financialcontent.com)
The same report also showed that patients with COVID-19 had close to 16 times the risk for developing myocarditis compared to patients who did not have COVID-19. (financialcontent.com)
With a multitude of diagnostic and treatment options available for COVID-19 and myocarditis , patients that are under high risk of suspicion for COVID-19 induced myocarditis must be appropriately diagnosed and treated to curb co-infections . (bvsalud.org)
Compte tenu du nombre croissant d'infections et de décès par le virus de la grippe pandémique (H1N1) 2009 confirmés en laboratoire dans la Région OMS de la Méditerranée orientale, le Bureau régional a convoqué une réunion consultative d'experts impliqués dans la prise en charge clinique de patients infectés par ce virus. (who.int)

The condition is called pediatric myocarditis when it occurs in children. (medlineplus.gov)
In tearful testimony before the San Diego County Board of Supervisors, a pediatric nurse rebuked the supervisor whose vaccine mandate led to her dismissal, preventing her from caring for children whom she charged were contracting myocarditis from the shots amid a cover-up. (wnd.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms7

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Information Science1

Health Care1

Fatal Serratia marcescens meningitis and myocarditis in a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. (1/1509)

Enteroviral RNA replication in the myocardium of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. (2/1509)

Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry. (3/1509)

From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. (4/1509)

Global biventricular dysfunction in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease may be caused by myocarditis. (5/1509)

Detection of adenoviral genome in the myocardium of adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction. (6/1509)

A case of eosinophilic myocarditis complicated by Kimura's disease (eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma) and erythroderma. (7/1509)

Rheumatic chorea in northern Australia: a clinical and epidemiological study. (8/1509)

Myocarditis

Coxsackievirus Infections

Enterovirus B, Human

Autoimmune Diseases

Myocardium

Enterovirus Infections

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated

Chagas Cardiomyopathy

Enterovirus

Acute Disease

Cardiovirus Infections

Encephalomyocarditis virus

Rats, Inbred Lew

Cardiac Myosins

Endocardium

Biopsy

Reoviridae Infections

Pericarditis

Myosins

Virus Diseases

Heart

Cardiomyopathies

Giant Cells

Edema, Cardiac

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Disease Models, Animal

Trypanosoma cruzi

Parvovirus B19, Human

Fatal Outcome

Fatal Serratia marcescens meningitis and myocarditis in a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. (1/1509)

Enteroviral RNA replication in the myocardium of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and clinically suspected myocarditis. (2/1509)

Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry. (3/1509)

From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. (4/1509)

Global biventricular dysfunction in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease may be caused by myocarditis. (5/1509)

Detection of adenoviral genome in the myocardium of adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction. (6/1509)

A case of eosinophilic myocarditis complicated by Kimura's disease (eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma) and erythroderma. (7/1509)

Rheumatic chorea in northern Australia: a clinical and epidemiological study. (8/1509)

Myocarditis

Eosinophilic myocarditis

Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis

Myocarditis-myositis-myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome

Cardiac muscle

Bornholm disease

COVID-19 vaccine

Galloway v. United States

Acute eosinophilic leukemia

SCAR-Fc

Cardiomyopathy

MGM Grand fire

Anti-mitochondrial antibody

1924 Los Angeles pneumonic plague outbreak

Cardiac rhythm problems during spaceflight

Sarnoff Fellowship

Complications of hypertension

Infectious mononucleosis

Alphonso Davies

Lisa Hopp

Latrodectus elegans

Embryocardia

Toxocariasis

Mephedrone

Brucella

Latrodectus

Synaptic stabilization

Foot-and-mouth disease

Myopericarditis

Enterovirus

Myocarditis - Wikipedia

Myocarditis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

Investigating Long-Term Effects of Myocarditis | CDC

Etiology

Myocarditis

myocarditis | Science-Based Medicine

Toxic myocarditis in paracetamol poisoning: Authors' reply | The BMJ

mRNA COVID vaccine and myocarditis in adolescents

Combination immunomodulation for immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-associated myocarditis | Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology

Pediatric patients hospitalized with myocarditis: a multi-institutional analysis

Connor McGough Calgary Stampeders retired list myocarditis - TSN.ca

Is the COVID-19 vaccine causing rare myocarditis cases? | Live Science

Myocarditis and Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy | IntechOpen