Myxedema
Leg Dermatoses
Coma
Hypothyroidism
Graves Disease
Thyroxine
Regulation of thyrotropin receptor protein expression in insect cells. (1/96)
Expression of large quantities of conformationally intact thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) is essential to understand the structure-function relationship of the receptor. We expressed three different constructs of full-length human TSHR in insect cells: (a) a TSHR cDNA lacking signal sequence (TSHR-ns), (b) a TSHR cDNA containing human TSHR signal sequence (TSHR-hs) and (c) a TSHR cDNA with baculovirus envelope protein encoded signal sequence gp-67 (TSHR-gp). No unique protein band, corresponding to any of these recombinant proteins, was visible upon Coomassie Blue staining after SDS-PAGE. However, Western blot using TSHR specific monoclonal antibody showed unique bands around 80, 100 and 100 kDa in TSHR-ns, TSHR-hs and TSHR-gp virus infected insect cells respectively. All three full-length TSHR proteins could neutralize the TSH binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) activity from sera of experimental animals. However, only glycosylated proteins (TSHR-hs and TSHR-gp) neutralized the TBII activity of sera from autoimmune thyroid patients, confirming the importance of glycosylation for patient autoantibody reactivity. Expression levels of full-length TSHR proteins were much lower than the levels of similarly produced corresponding ectodomains of TSHR proteins. Southern blot and Northern blot analyses showed that DNA and RNA levels in full-length TSHR virus infected insect cells were comparable to the levels found in cells infected with viruses encoding only the ectodomain of TSHR. These data suggest that full-length TSHR expression is very low and is regulated at the translational level. (+info)Aorto-coronary dissection during angioplasty in a patient with myxedema. (2/96)
A 67-year-old man with overt hypothyroidism and medically controlled hypertension was admitted for coronary angiography because of exertional angina. His triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels had been low for 4 years. Although signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism were apparent, his hypercholesterolemia was mild. Coronary angiography revealed an eccentric stenosis in the distal portion of the right coronary artery and it was decided to perform angioplasty because his angina had continued in spite of medication. The dissection appeared at the lesion site after the first nominal inflation, and a subsequent image disclosed a spiral dissection from the dilated site to the aortic sinus and peripheral coronary artery. Although emergency stenting could not prevent the extension near the origin of the brachiocephalic artery, the false lumen thrombosed and then diminished with conservative therapy. Aorto-coronary dissection is potentially life-threatening and has been recently reported as a complication during cardiac catheterization procedures. Chronic hypothyroid insufficiency may be one of the risk factors for this complication. (+info)Myxedema coma: diagnosis and treatment. (3/96)
Myxedema coma, the extreme manifestation of hypothyroidism, is an uncommon but potentially lethal condition. Patients with hypothyroidism may exhibit a number of physiologic alterations to compensate for the lack of thyroid hormone. If these homeostatic mechanisms are overwhelmed by factors such as infection, the patient may decompensate into myxedema coma. Patients with hypothyroidism typically have a history of fatigue, weight gain, constipation and cold intolerance. Physicians should include hypothyroidism in the differential diagnosis of every patient with hyponatremia. Patients with suspected myxedema coma should be admitted to an intensive care unit for vigorous pulmonary and cardiovascular support. Most authorities recommend treatment with intravenous levothyroxine (T4) as opposed to intravenous liothyronine (T3). Hydrocortisone should be administered until coexisting adrenal insufficiency is ruled out. Family physicians are in an important position to prevent myxedema coma by maintaining a high level of suspicion for hypothyroidism. (+info)Thyroxine treatment induces upregulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system due to decreasing effective plasma volume in patients with primary myxoedema. (4/96)
BACKGROUND: In experimental animals and humans, hypothyroidism is associated with fluid retention and generalized oedema, increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH), decreased atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH), and decreased renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which subsequently can be corrected by thyroid hormone replacement. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of thyroxine therapy on RAAS and neurohormones affecting water and electrolyte metabolism and the reason for these changes in patients with primary myxoedema. METHODS: We measured changes in the plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone (Aldo), ADH, ANH levels, serum and 24 h urinary electrolytes and osmolalities, and cardiac function in 22 female patients with primary myxoedema before and after correction of hypothyroidism. We also evaluated age-, sex-, and BMI-matched 15 healthy control subjects (Cont). RESULTS: It took an average of 4.3 months (range, 3-9 months) to normalize thyroid function. The mean reductions of body weight and estimated plasma volume were 1.8+/-1.0 kg (P=0.002) and 8.5% (P<0.001), respectively. In addition, serum Na+ and osmolality and the haematocrit were significantly elevated after correction of hypothyroidism (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Increased F(E)Na and C(OSM) (P<0.05) levels in patients with hypothyroidism (Ho) compared with those in Cont did not change after thyroxine therapy (Eu). However, C(H(2)O), U(E)K, F(E)K, and TTKG levels as well as creatinine clearance (Ccr) were markedly increased in Eu compared with Ho and Cont (P<0.01, respectively). Increased plasma ADH concentration and decreased plasma ANH concentration were normalized compared to Cont after thyroxine therapy (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). Low PRA and serum Aldo concentration in Ho were significantly increased in Eu (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). In addition, increased left ventricular mass index and decreased cardiac output in Ho were normalized compared to Cont after thyroxine therapy (P<0.01, respectively) CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the exaggerated upregulation of RAAS after correction of hypothyroidism in patients with primary myxoedema is associated with an increase in Ccr and a decrease in plasma volume resulting from water diuresis, natriuresis, osmotic diuresis and inappropriate changes in plasma ADH and ANH levels. The improved renal function coincided with an amelioration of cardiac function. These changes seem to be an adaptive response for preventing excessive plasma volume and weight loss after thyroxine therapy. (+info)Exophthalmus-myxoedema circumscriptum praetibiale-osteoarthropathia hypertrophicans (E.M.O.) syndrome in Graves' disease: a review of eight cases reported in Japan. (5/96)
Case 1 showed recurrence of hyperthyroidism accompanied by pretibial myxedema and digital clubbing 14 years after thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Case 2 had had pretibial myxedema for the past 20 years and myxedema tuberosum at the right shoulder for the past 10 years, and on admission showed exophthalmos and digital clubbing with thyroid gland demonstrating histological picture of chronic thyroiditis. This case was in slight hypothyroidism and serum LATS was highly positive. Eight cases of E.M.O. syndrome have so far been reported in Japan, including our own. Six cases of these were males. Two cases did not show any sign of hyperthyroidism throughout their entire courses, including our Case 2 described here. Three cases had never received treatment for Graves' disease prior to the occurrence of this syndrome. The serum LATS was positive in all 5 cases thus far reported. (+info)Evidence for thyrotropin receptor immunoreactivity in pretibial connective tissue from patients with thyroid-associated dermopathy. (6/96)
Pretibial myxedema (PTM), mainly characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, is an extrathyroidal manifestation of autoimmune Graves' disease (GD), almost always associated with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) has been proposed as the common target antigen in GD, GO and PTM, with evidence for receptor transcripts and/or protein in these locations. The aim of this study has been to investigate whether receptor protein is present in the pretibial tissues. Skin biopsies were obtained from two patients with PTM and two normal subjects without thyroid disease. A portion of each sample was fixed to produce semi-thin sections for Toluidine Blue or Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. The remainder was snap frozen to generate cryostat sections for immunohistochemical analysis using three monoclonal antibodies against TSH-R. In the skin from the two patients suffering from PTM, the dermis was infiltrated by inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, B cells, macrophages, mast cells) and adipocytes. The collagen fibers were dissociated by edema and by the accumulation of a PAS-positive material. Immunodetection of TSH-R produced positive staining on cells localized in the dermis, beneath the epidermis or close to the hypodermis. These cells were elongated and resembled fibroblasts. No immunoreactivity was observed in the dermis from control patients without thyroid disease. In conclusion, we have evidence for TSH-R immunoreactivity in the pretibium of patients with GD, GO and PTM. Further studies are needed to unambiguously identify the positive cells and determine whether the reactivity is due to the receptor itself or to a cross-reacting protein. (+info)Intravenous immunoglobulins control scleromyxoedema. (7/96)
BACKGROUND: Scleromyxoedema is a variant of papular mucinosis affecting the skin and internal organs. The different therapeutic approaches proposed for scleromyxoedema are still unsatisfactory. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been successfully employed in the treatment of connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. PATIENTS: The successful treatment of three cases of scleromyxoedema with IVIg is reported here. CONCLUSIONS: The relatively low risk of the drug and the high effectiveness seen in three patients suggest that IVIg is a new treatment potentially useful in scleromyxoedema. (+info)Myxedema accompanied by huge portal-systemic shunt without portal hypertension. (8/96)
A 43-year-old woman with a huge portal-systemic shunt accompanied by myxedema showed slow speech and behavior. Several imaging studies revealed a bold portal-systemic shunt from the splenic vein to the left renal vein. In addition, hypothyroidism caused by chronic thyroiditis was diagnosed, and synthesized thyroxine replacement was effective for the symptoms. However, the serum ammonia and indocyanin green retention remained in the abnormal range, nevertheless the portal vein pressure was normal and findings of liver cirrohsis were not recognized histologically. Surgical shunt closure was performed, resulting in normalized serum ammonia levels and serum branched chain amino acids /aromatic amino acids ratio, and improvement of the ammonia tolerance test. (+info)Myxedema is not a term used in modern medicine to describe a specific medical condition. However, historically, it was used to refer to the severe form of hypothyroidism, a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland that doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. In hypothyroidism, various body functions slow down, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, and dry skin.
Myxedema specifically refers to the physical signs of severe hypothyroidism, including swelling (edema) and thickening of the skin, particularly around the face, hands, and feet, as well as a puffy appearance of the face. The term myxedema coma was used to describe a rare but life-threatening complication of long-standing, untreated hypothyroidism, characterized by altered mental status, hypothermia, and other systemic manifestations.
Nowadays, healthcare professionals use more precise medical terminology to describe these conditions, such as hypothyroidism or myxedematous edema, rather than the outdated term myxedema.
Leg dermatoses is a general term that refers to various skin conditions affecting the legs. This can include a wide range of inflammatory, infectious, or degenerative diseases that cause symptoms such as redness, itching, scaling, blistering, or pigmentation changes on the leg skin. Examples of specific leg dermatoses include stasis dermatitis, venous eczema, contact dermatitis, lichen planus, psoriasis, and cellulitis among others. Accurate diagnosis usually requires a thorough examination and sometimes a biopsy to determine the specific type of dermatosis and appropriate treatment.
A coma is a deep state of unconsciousness in which an individual cannot be awakened, cannot respond to stimuli, and does not exhibit any sleep-wake cycles. It is typically caused by severe brain injury, illness, or toxic exposure that impairs the function of the brainstem and cerebral cortex.
In a coma, the person may appear to be asleep, but they are not aware of their surroundings or able to communicate or respond to stimuli. Comas can last for varying lengths of time, from days to weeks or even months, and some people may emerge from a coma with varying degrees of brain function and disability.
Medical professionals use various diagnostic tools and assessments to evaluate the level of consciousness and brain function in individuals who are in a coma, including the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which measures eye opening, verbal response, and motor response. Treatment for coma typically involves supportive care to maintain vital functions, manage any underlying medical conditions, and prevent further complications.
Hypothyroidism is a medical condition where the thyroid gland, which is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of your neck, does not produce enough thyroid hormones. This results in a slowing down of the body's metabolic processes, leading to various symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, constipation, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, muscle weakness, and depression.
The two main thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). These hormones play crucial roles in regulating various bodily functions, including heart rate, body temperature, and energy levels. In hypothyroidism, the production of these hormones is insufficient, leading to a range of symptoms that can affect multiple organ systems.
Hypothyroidism can be caused by several factors, including autoimmune disorders (such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis), surgical removal of the thyroid gland, radiation therapy for neck cancer, certain medications, and congenital defects. Hypothyroidism is typically diagnosed through blood tests that measure levels of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), T3, and T4. Treatment usually involves taking synthetic thyroid hormones to replace the missing hormones and alleviate symptoms.
Hypothermia is a medically defined condition where the core body temperature drops below 35°C (95°F). It is often associated with exposure to cold environments, but can also occur in cases of severe illness, injury, or immersion in cold water. Symptoms may include shivering, confusion, slowed heart rate and breathing, and if not treated promptly, can lead to unconsciousness, cardiac arrest, and even death.
Graves' disease is defined as an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). It results when the immune system produces antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much thyroid hormone. This can result in a variety of symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, heat intolerance, and bulging eyes (Graves' ophthalmopathy). The exact cause of Graves' disease is unknown, but it is more common in women and people with a family history of the disorder. Treatment may include medications to control hyperthyroidism, radioactive iodine therapy to destroy thyroid tissue, or surgery to remove the thyroid gland.
Thyroxine (T4) is a type of hormone produced and released by the thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the front of your neck. It is one of two major hormones produced by the thyroid gland, with the other being triiodothyronine (T3).
Thyroxine plays a crucial role in regulating various metabolic processes in the body, including growth, development, and energy expenditure. Specifically, T4 helps to control the rate at which your body burns calories for energy, regulates protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism, and influences the body's sensitivity to other hormones.
T4 is produced by combining iodine and tyrosine, an amino acid found in many foods. Once produced, T4 circulates in the bloodstream and gets converted into its active form, T3, in various tissues throughout the body. Thyroxine has a longer half-life than T3, which means it remains active in the body for a more extended period.
Abnormal levels of thyroxine can lead to various medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). These conditions can cause a range of symptoms, including weight gain or loss, fatigue, mood changes, and changes in heart rate and blood pressure.
Myxedema
Myxedema coma
Myxedema psychosis
Pretibial myxedema
Atypical tuberous myxedema
Russell Morse Wilder
Esther Silveus
Édouard Brissaud
Lichen ruber moniliformis
Fredrick Arthur Willius
George R. Price
Thyroid storm
Robert Donald Cohen
Woltman sign
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Chvostek sign
Hypothyroidism
Euthyroid sick syndrome
Liothyronine
Edema
William Pasteur
Adolf Magnus-Levy
Thyrotropin receptor
1891 in science
Henry Woltman
Endocrine gland
Desiccated thyroid extract
Signs and symptoms of Graves' disease
Thyroid
List of dog diseases
Myxedema - Wikipedia
Pretibial Myxedema: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Myxedema Heart | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Hypothyroidism and Myxedema Coma Treatment & Management: Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care, Consultations
Pretibial myxedema
Plasma Homocysteine Concentration in Myxoedema | Clinical Science | Portland Press
Myxedema: 10 Myxedema Symptoms
Information for "Myxedema" - wikidoc
myxedema | Taber's Medical Dictionary
HYPOTHYROIDISM AND MYXEDEMA COMA
Myxedema: Causes & Reasons - Symptoma Malta
myxedema ან myxoedema | Dictionary.ge
Myxedema face - Medical Exam Prep
Hypothyroidism and Myxedema Coma Differential Diagnoses
Cytomel (Liothyronine Sodium): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
Hypothyroidism (myxedema) Nursing Care Plan and Management
Matters of the Heart: Images of Cardiac Disorders Myxedema Heart
REVIEW: "subclinical hypothyroidism" patient with myxedema coma - Thyroid Patients Canada
Cirrhosis: Practice Essentials, Overview, Etiology
Cirrhosis: Practice Essentials, Overview, Etiology
Hypothyroidism - familydoctor.org
Congenital hypothyroidism: MedlinePlus Genetics
Myxedema madness: An intriguing case of depression in hypothyroidism<...
Definition of myxoedema Archives - Gpatindia: Pharmacy Jobs, Admissions, Scholarships, Conference,Grants, Exam Alerts
Pericardial Effusion: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Online sale of Thyradin-S tablets 50 mcg for thyroid hormone therapy (levothyroxine, hypothyroidism, myxedema, cretinism,...
Lycii Berries (Goji Berries) - Healthy.net
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Coma25
- Myxedema coma is rare but often fatal. (wikipedia.org)
- If myxedema coma is suspected on clinical impression, start IV thyroid hormone treatment. (medscape.com)
- With a diagnosis of myxedema coma, initiate hormonal therapy. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema coma may lead to profound hemodynamic instability and airway compromise. (medscape.com)
- Emergency physicians should anticipate a potentially difficult airway in patients with myxedema coma. (medscape.com)
- For patients with myxedema coma, consult a critical care intensivist regarding admission to an ICU and optimization treatment. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema and Coma (Severe Hypothyroidism). (medscape.com)
- A diagnostic scoring system for myxedema coma. (medscape.com)
- Severe angioedema in myxedema coma: a difficult airway in a rare endocrine emergency. (medscape.com)
- Ono Y, Ono S, Yasunaga H, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Tanaka Y. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of myxedema coma: Analysis of a national inpatient database in Japan. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema Coma: Diagnosis and Treatment. (10faq.com)
- One of the rarest but most serious symptoms of myxedema is unresponsiveness and coma. (10faq.com)
- Myxedema comas commonly have specific events beforehand that seem related to the coma. (10faq.com)
- Myxedema coma is a life-threatening expression of hypothyroidism in its most severe form. (emjournal.net)
- Beynon J, Akhtar S, Kearney T. Predictors of outcome in myxoedema coma. (medscape.com)
- Hehrmann R. [Coma in myxedema--a rare complication of hypothyroidism. (medscape.com)
- Thyrotoxic crisis and myxedema coma. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema coma, the most severe form of hypothyroidism, is rare. (rnpedia.com)
- Only including T3 in her therapy saved her from death by hypothyroidism, since she entered the extremely hypothyroid state of myxoedema coma. (thyroidpatients.ca)
- BACKGROUND: Myxedema coma is the extreme manifestation of hypothyroidism, typically seen in patients with severe biochemical hypothyroidism. (thyroidpatients.ca)
- We describe a patient with subclinical hypothyroidism who developed clinical manifestations of myxedema coma. (thyroidpatients.ca)
- We diagnosed myxedema coma and started treatment with intravenous T3. (thyroidpatients.ca)
- CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of myxedema coma in a patient with subclinical hypothyroidism. (thyroidpatients.ca)
- Levothyroxine is used in adults to treat myxedema coma. (everydayhealth.com)
- Untreated myxedema coma has a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate, particularly in old age. (igi-global.com)
Pretibial myxedema13
- One manifestation of myxedema occurring in the lower limb is pretibial myxedema, a hallmark of Graves disease, an autoimmune form of hyperthyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema can occur in the lower leg (pretibial myxedema) and behind the eyes (exophthalmos). (wikipedia.org)
- One of the hallmarks of Grave's disease is pretibial myxedema, myxedema of the lower limb. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema can occur in: Hyperthyroidism, associated with pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos. (wikipedia.org)
- Pretibial myxedema can occur in 1-4% of patients with Graves' disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Pretibial myxedema (PTM) or, more appropriately, thyroid dermopathy, is a term used to describe localized lesions of the skin resulting from the deposition of hyaluronic acid, usually as a component of thyroid disease. (medscape.com)
- Pretibial myxedema (PTM) occurs as a result of the deposition of hyaluronic acid in the dermis and subcutis. (medscape.com)
- Pretibial myxedema (PTM) occurs in 0.5-4.3% of patients with Graves disease. (medscape.com)
- Pretibial myxedema (PTM) is primarily of cosmetic concern and rarely causes significant morbidity. (medscape.com)
- Pretibial myxedema, also known as localized myxedema or thyroid dermopathy, is an uncommon finding in autoimmune thyroid disease and most commonly affects those with Graves disease . (logicalimages.com)
- Pretibial myxedema may exist in various clinical forms. (logicalimages.com)
- The pretibial region is most commonly involved because it is thought to be related to local cues, evidenced by development of pretibial myxedema in grafted skin. (logicalimages.com)
- Pretibial myxedema may occur in any age group and either sex but is more common in older adults and women. (logicalimages.com)
Severe4
- Myxedema (British English: myxoedema) is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients with myxedema symptoms may be facing a severe health issue and should consult a qualified physician right away. (10faq.com)
- Myxedema is the name given to very severe hypothyroidism. (msdmanuals.com)
- Myxedema is a manifestation of severe hypothyroidism, and when affecting the larynx it constitutes a rare cause of upper airway obstruction. (bvsalud.org)
Diabetes Mellitus1
- Se encuentra asociado a diabetes mellitus en la mayoría de los casos, preferentemente en mujeres, y suele revolverse espontáneamente entre 6 meses y 2 años. (bvsalud.org)
Clinical1
- It is often possible to diagnose myxedema on clinical grounds alone. (wikipedia.org)
Levothyroxine1
- Hence, we report a case of hypertensive patient on medications started with antidepressants and antipsychotics after being diagnosed of depression but was found to be resistant to psychiatric medications and later successfully treated with levothyroxine for underlying hypothyroidism with myxedema. (manipal.edu)
Goiter1
- The atypical aspect of the stenosis along with a thyroid goiter and a positive screening for neonatal hypothyroidism allowed the diagnosis of laryngeal myxedema. (bvsalud.org)
Symptoms2
Cretinism1
- Thyradin S tablets serve as an option for addressing insufficiencies in thyroid hormones, encompassing conditions like hypothyroidism, hypophyseal disorders, myxedema, and cretinism. (japanese-medicines.com)
Pituitary1
- Myxedema occurring secondary to anterior pituitary hypofunction. (unboundmedicine.com)
Graves2
- Myxedema is known to occur in various forms of hypothyroidism, including Graves disease. (wikipedia.org)
- RÉSUMÉ La première description des pathologies thyroïdiennes, telles qu'on les connaît aujourd'hui, a été celle de la maladie de Graves par Caleb Parry en 1786, mais la pathogenèse de l'affection thyroïdienne n'a pas été découverte avant 1882-1886. (who.int)
20211
- 2021. https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/761940/all/myxedema. (unboundmedicine.com)
Complication1
- Myxedema is a complication of extended, untreated hypothyroidism, which is caused by the thyroid gland's failure to produce enough of the hormones the body needs. (10faq.com)
Adults1
- The term myxoedema is applied to hypothyroidism in the older child or in the adults. (gpatindia.com)
Thyroiditis1
- Myxedema can also occur in Hashimoto thyroiditis and other long-standing forms of hypothyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
Patients2
- When this happens, patients have an advanced stage of myxedema that may be life-threatening. (10faq.com)
- All patients who develop myxedema are hypothyroid, but not all hypothyroid patients have myxedema. (emjournal.net)
Edema1
- Myxedema describes a specific form of cutaneous and dermal edema secondary to increased deposition of connective tissue components. (wikipedia.org)
Refers2
- In this latter sense, myxedema refers to deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis, which results in swelling of the affected area. (wikipedia.org)
- The term myxedema refers to this particular presentation of hypothyroidism. (emjournal.net)
Reaction2
- The reaction time myxoedema. (nih.gov)
- myxedema, physiological reaction to lack of sufficient thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) in the adult. (britannica.com)
Suggests1
- 1.] The term myxoedema suggests non - pitting oedema due to the accumulation of hydrophilic mucopolysaccharides in the ground substances of dermis and other tissues. (gpatindia.com)
Treatment1
- Thomas Curling first described hyopothyroidism (myxoedema) in 1850 and the cause and suitable treatment were established after 1883. (who.int)
Successfully1
- Myxedema was first treated successfully in 1891 when George Redmayne Murray diagnosed a 46-year-old woman with the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Case1
- We present a case of laryngeal myxedema in a newborn causing subglottic stenosis. (bvsalud.org)
Common2
- Myxedema is more common in women than in men. (wikipedia.org)
- Pericardialeffusion is a common findingin myxedema, occurring in up to onethird of all cases. (patientcareonline.com)
Hypothyroidism23
- Myxedema (British English: myxoedema) is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema can also occur in Hashimoto thyroiditis and other long-standing forms of hypothyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema is known to occur in various forms of hypothyroidism, including Graves disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxoedema is responsible for the thickening of the tongue and the laryngeal and pharyngeal mucous membranes, which results in thick slurred speech and hoarseness, both of which are seen commonly in hypothyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Severe hypothyroidism can be associated with "myxedema heart" characterized by relative bradycardia and pericardial effusion. (medscape.com)
- The incidence of pericardial effusion in hypothyroidism is 3% in the early mild stage and up to 80% in patients with myxedema. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema is a complication of extended, untreated hypothyroidism, which is caused by the thyroid gland's failure to produce enough of the hormones the body needs. (10faq.com)
- Myxedema coma typically presents as decreased mental status and hypothermia in a patient with either chronic, severe hypothyroidism or any form of hypothyroidism in the setting of a significant physiological stressor (infection, MI, sedative medications/opioids). (openanesthesia.org)
- If the patient has primary hypothyroidism (majority of myxedema coma cases), TSH will be high and free T4 will be low. (openanesthesia.org)
- Psychotic symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, also known as "myxedema psychosis," are a treatable cause of psychosis often associated with complete recovery. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema is a term use to describe the advanced stage of hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormones. (healthsaf.com)
- Myxedema is primarily caused by untreated or poorly managed hypothyroidism. (healthsaf.com)
- Conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis can lead to hypothyroidism and, subsequently, myxedema. (healthsaf.com)
- Hypothyroidism and myxedema can occur in areas with low dietary iodine intake. (healthsaf.com)
- Treatment for thyroid disorders, including surgery and radiation therapy, can sometimes result in hypothyroidism and myxedema. (healthsaf.com)
- Managing myxedema involves addressing the underlying hypothyroidism. (healthsaf.com)
- Myxedema Coma -- this is a rare complication of severe Hypothyroidism . (ecureme.com)
- The injectable form is also indicated to be used to treat a complication of severe hypothyroidism called myxedema coma. (rxwiki.com)
- The injectable form of liothyronine is used as treatment for a complication of severe hypothyroidism called myxedema coma. (rxwiki.com)
- Myxedema is the name given to very severe hypothyroidism. (msdmanuals.com)
- Complications of untreated hypothyroidism range from a goiter to a rare condition called myxedema. (everydayhealth.com)
- 5. Disturbances of hormone: Common in Diabetics Myxedema (Hypothyroidism) and in certain pituitary disorders of brain and tumors of adrenal glands. (selfgrowth.com)
- Severe hypothyroidism can evolve into a complication known as myxedema crisis or myxedema coma - a rare, but known complication. (cancer.org)
Case of myxœdema2
- A case of myxœdema. (nih.gov)
- In the first case of myxœdema in which I employed the thyroid treatment, I gave the raw gland and I gave far too large a dose. (oneradionetwork.com)
Pretibial17
- One manifestation of myxedema occurring in the lower limb is pretibial myxedema, a hallmark of Graves disease, an autoimmune form of hyperthyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema can occur in the lower leg (pretibial myxedema) and behind the eyes (exophthalmos). (wikipedia.org)
- One of the hallmarks of Grave's disease is pretibial myxedema, myxedema of the lower limb. (wikipedia.org)
- Myxedema can occur in: Hyperthyroidism, associated with pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos. (wikipedia.org)
- Pretibial myxedema can occur in 1-4% of patients with Graves' disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
- Lymphedema should be included in the differential diagnosis of pretibial myxedema, particularly for presentation in the foot. (medscape.com)
- Nair PA, Mishra A, Chaudhary A. Pretibial myxedema associated with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a case report. (medscape.com)
- Schwartz KM, Fatourechi V, Ahmed DD, Pond GR. Dermopathy of Graves' disease (pretibial myxedema): long-term outcome. (medscape.com)
- Thyrotrophin receptor antibody characteristics in a woman with long-standing Hashimoto's who developed Graves' disease and pretibial myxoedema. (medscape.com)
- Lan C, Chen W, Zhao J, Li C, Mei X, Hu J. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of pretibial myxedema in Chinese outpatients with thyroid diseases. (medscape.com)
- Pretibial myxedema without ophthalmopathy: an initial presentation of Graves' disease. (medscape.com)
- Sendhil Kumaran M, Dutta P, Sakia U, Dogra S. Long-term follow-up and epidemiological trends in patients with pretibial myxedema: an 11-year study from a tertiary care center in northern India. (medscape.com)
- Xu Y, Ma R, Cai Y, Zheng X. Response to topical halcinonide following fractional carbon dioxide laser pretreatment in a pretibial myxedema patient. (medscape.com)
- Lan C, Li C, Chen W, Mei X, Zhao J, Hu J. A randomized controlled trial of intralesional glucocorticoid for treating pretibial myxedema. (medscape.com)
- Treatment of pretibial myxedema with intralesional immunomodulating therapy. (medscape.com)
- Successful therapeutic approach in a patient with elephantiasic pretibial myxedema. (medscape.com)
- Oral pentoxifylline and topical clobetasol propionate ointment in the treatment of pretibial myxoedema, with concomitant improvement of Graves' ophthalmopathy. (medscape.com)
Psychosis2
- This is one of the first case reports demonstrating sustained remission of psychotic symptoms at 6 months in a case of myxedema psychosis treated with minimal antipsychotic medication. (medscape.com)
- The identification of myxedema psychosis is important owing to the implications on treatment and prognosis of the disorder. (medscape.com)
Accumulation4
- [ 12 ] Others have suggested that the serous pericardial effusion in myxedema is due to accumulation of albumin and other plasma proteins due to extravascular escape and impairment of the lymphatic drainage. (medscape.com)
- One of the hallmark signs of myxedema is the accumulation of a substance called mucin in the skin and other tissues. (healthsaf.com)
- We assessed extravascular accumulation of albumin and fluid in primary myxedema by measuring metabolic turnover and transcapillary escape of 131I-labeled human albumin in seven patients. (regionh.dk)
- The extravascular accumulation of albumin, and presumably of all other plasma proteins, is important in the generalized edema typically found in myxedema. (regionh.dk)
Serous2
- Inadequate lymphatic drainage may also explain the formation of exudates in the serous cavities that are well known in myxedema. (regionh.dk)
- Myxedema causing adynamic ileus, serous effusions, and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. (springermedizin.at)
Bradycardia1
- The "myxedema heart" was first described by Zondek in 1918 as a syndrome of cardiac alterations, including large cardiac silhouette, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes indicative of a large pericardial effusion including bradycardia, low voltage, nonspecific T-wave abnormalities, and electrical alternans, which reversed with thyroid hormone extract. (medscape.com)
Thyroid gland1
- Myxedema is a term used to describe a severely underactive thyroid gland in an adult. (healthline.com)
Crisis2
- 1. Nivolumab induced myxedema crisis. (nih.gov)
- There are some links there that will also describe the difficulties encountered with myxedema crisis, too - again, this can be very serious, so don't let it go. (cancer.org)
Describe1
- Myxedema can also be used to describe skin changes caused by low thyroid hormone levels. (healthline.com)
Treatment4
- Pre-tibial myxedema: treatment with intralesional corticosteroid. (medscape.com)
- Thomas Curling first described hyopothyroidism (myxoedema) in 1850 and the cause and suitable treatment were established after 1883. (who.int)
- At that time, I was deeply interested in the thyroid treatment of myxœdema. (oneradionetwork.com)
- and I said to myself, if thyroid extract can produce such a remarkable result on the nutrition of the skin in myxœdema, it will probably be useful in the treatment of skin diseases. (oneradionetwork.com)
People1
- People with myxedema tend to be more sensitive to cold temperatures and may feel excessively cold. (healthsaf.com)
Primary1
- P less than 0.01) and a longer mean transit time through the extravascular spaces in primary myxedema than in other states of generalized edema (P less than 0.05). (regionh.dk)
Male1
- Verma S, Rongioletti F, Braun-Falco M, Ruzicka T. Preradial myxedema in a euthyroid male: A distinct rarity. (medscape.com)
Specific1
- Myxedema describes a specific form of cutaneous and dermal edema secondary to increased deposition of connective tissue components. (wikipedia.org)
Content2
- We at Healthsaf welcome fresh and unique content related to Myxedema. (healthsaf.com)
- The editorial team of Healthsaf does not encourage promotional content related to Myxedema. (healthsaf.com)
Article1
- Cet article procède à un examen des principales étapes dans l'histoire de la pathologie de la thyroïde, avec une brève discussion des aspects scientifiques concernant la glande thyroïde qui ont eu une importance historique, et de l'évolution de l'endocrinologie en tant que discipline à part entière. (who.int)
Lack1
- Individuals with myxedema frequently experience extreme fatigue and lack energy. (healthsaf.com)