Nairobi Sheep Disease
Nairobi sheep disease virus
Nairovirus
Sheep
Kenya
Nairobi sheep disease virus, an important tick-borne pathogen of sheep and goats in Africa, is also present in Asia. (1/6)
Nairobi sheep disease (NSD) virus is the prototype of the tick-borne NSD serogroup, genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae. It is highly pathogenic for sheep and goats, causes disease in humans, and is widespread throughout East Africa. Ganjam virus has caused disease in goats and humans in India. Due to their occurrence on different continents and association with different ticks, these viruses were considered distinct despite serologic cross-reactivity. Their S RNA genome segments and encoded nucleocapsid proteins were found to be 1590 nucleotides and 482 amino acids in length and differed by only 10 and 3% at nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Genetic and serologic data demonstrate that Ganjam virus is an Asian variant of NSD virus. These viruses were phylogenetically more closely related to Hazara virus than Dugbe virus. (+info)The high genetic variation of viruses of the genus Nairovirus reflects the diversity of their predominant tick hosts. (2/6)
The genus Nairovirus (family Bunyaviridae) contains seven serogroups consisting of 34 predominantly tick-borne viruses, including several associated with severe human and livestock diseases [e.g., Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Nairobi sheep disease (NSD), respectively]. Before this report, no comparative genetic studies or molecular detection assays had been developed for this virus genus. To characterize at least one representative from each of the seven serogroups, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) primers targeting the L polymerase-encoding region of the RNA genome of these viruses were successfully designed based on conserved amino acid motifs present in the predicted catalytic core region. Sequence analysis showed the nairoviruses to be a highly diverse group, exhibiting up to 39.4% and 46.0% nucleotide and amino acid identity differences, respectively. Virus genetic relationships correlated well with serologic groupings and with tick host associations. Hosts of these viruses include both the hard (family Ixodidae) and soft (family Argasidae) ticks. Virus phylogenetic analysis reveals two major monophyletic groups: hard tick and soft tick-vectored viruses. In addition, viruses vectored by Ornithodoros, Carios, and Argas genera ticks also form three separate monophyletic lineages. The striking similarities between tick and nairovirus phylogenies are consistent with possible coevolution of the viruses and their tick hosts. Fossil and phylogenetic data placing the hard tick-soft tick divergence between 120 and 92 million years ago suggest an ancient origin for viruses of the genus Nairovirus. (+info)Ganjam virus/Nairobi sheep disease virus induces a pro-inflammatory response in infected sheep. (3/6)
(+info)A survey of Nairobi sheep disease antibody in sheep and goats, wild ruminants and rodents within Kenya. (4/6)
The distribution of antibody to Nairobi sheep disease in sheep and goats in Kenya was found to coincide closely with that of the tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. The proportions of a population in an enzootic area with antibody was similar in the different age groups. No antibody to the virus was found in rodent sera and while some low titres were found in some wild ruminant sera, these were considered to be most likely cross reactions with antibody to related viruses. (+info)Nairobi sheep disease in Kenya. The isolation of virus from sheep and goats, ticks and possible maintenance hosts. (5/6)
Nairobi sheep disease was seen principally upon movement of susceptible animals into the enzootic areas. This occurred most frequently for marketing purposes near the main centres of population. Other outbreaks followed local breakdowns in tick control measures. The disease did not occur in epizootic form during the period under consideration. Nairobi sheep disease was isolated from pools of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus but not from many pools of other tick species. No virus was isolated from the blood or tissues of a range of wild ruminants and rodents. (+info)Investigation of tick-borne viruses as pathogens of humans in South Africa and evidence of Dugbe virus infection in a patient with prolonged thrombocytopenia. (6/6)
In the course of investigating suspected cases of viral haemorrhagic fever in South Africa patients were encountered who had been bitten by ticks, but who lacked evidence of infection with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus or non-viral tick-borne agents. Cattle sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay to determine whether tick-borne viruses other than CCHF occur in the country. The prevalence of antibody in cattle sera was 905/2116 (42.8%) for CCHF virus, 70/1358 (5.2%) for Dugbe, 21/1358 (1.5%) for louping ill, 6/450 (1.3%) for West Nile, 7/1358 (0.5%) for Nairobi sheep disease, 3/625 (0.5%) for Kadam and 2/450 (0.4%) for Chenuda. No reactions were recorded with Hazara, Bahig, Bhanja, Thogoto and Dhori viruses. The CCHF findings confirmed previous observations that the virus is widely prevalent within the distribution range of ticks of the genus Hyalomma, while antibody activity to Dugbe antigen was detected only within the distribution range of the tick Amblyomma hebraeum. Cross-reactivity for the nairoviruses, Hazara, Nairobi sheep disease and Dugbe, was detected in serum samples from 3/72 human patients with confirmed CCHF infection, and serum from 1/162 other patients reacted monospecifically with Dugbe antigen. The latter patient suffered from febrile illness with prolonged thrombocytopenia. (+info)I'm sorry for the confusion, but "Nairobi Sheep Disease" is not a recognized medical term or condition. It is actually a veterinary disease that affects sheep and goats, primarily in Africa. The disease is caused by a virus and is characterized by high fever, severe diarrhea, and sudden death. I hope this clarifies any confusion! If you have any questions related to human health, please don't hesitate to ask.
Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus (NSDV) is an enveloped, double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae and genus Nairovirus. This virus is the causative agent of Nairobi sheep disease (NSD) and related diseases in small ruminants, particularly sheep and goats. The disease is characterized by high fever, severe hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, and rapid death, resulting in significant economic losses in endemic areas.
The NSDV genome consists of three segments: large (L), medium (M), and small (S). The L segment encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, the M segment encodes two glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) and a nonstructural protein (Nsm), while the S segment encodes the nucleocapsid protein (N) and a nonstructural protein (NSs).
The virus is primarily transmitted through ticks, mainly of the genus Rhipicephalus. The main vector for NSDV is Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, although other species such as Rhipicephalus zambeziensis and Amblyomma variegatum can also transmit the virus.
Nairobi sheep disease is prevalent in East Africa, particularly in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and southern Sudan. Vaccination of susceptible animals and tick control measures are essential for preventing and controlling NSDV infections in endemic areas.
Nairovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Bunyaviridae. They are negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and are transmitted to humans and animals through tick bites. The name "Nairovirus" comes from the initials of the National Institute for Virology in South Africa, where the first virus in this genus was discovered.
Nairoviruses can cause severe febrile illnesses in humans, including hemorrhagic fever and neurological symptoms. Some of the more well-known nairoviruses include Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), which is found in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East, and Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV), which primarily infects sheep and goats but can also cause illness in humans.
It's important to note that nairoviruses are zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans, and can pose a significant public health risk in areas where they are endemic. Prevention measures include avoiding tick bites, using personal protective equipment when handling infected animals, and implementing appropriate infection control practices in healthcare settings.
I apologize, but "sheep" is not a term that has a medical definition. It is a common animal with the scientific name Ovis aries. If you have any medical or health-related questions, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Kenya" is not a medical term. It is the name of a country located in East Africa, known for its diverse wildlife and geography, including savannas, lakelands, the dramatic Great Rift Valley, and mountain highlands. It is also where you can find the Maasai Mara Reserve, known for its annual wildebeest migrations, and vast Nairobi National Park. The capital city of Kenya is Nairobi. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!
I'm happy to help, but I want to clarify that the term "sheep diseases" refers to a wide range of health issues that can affect sheep populations. It's not a single medical condition with a specific definition. Here are some examples of common diseases that can affect sheep:
1. Ovine Johne's Disease (OJD): A chronic, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. It affects the intestines and can cause weight loss, diarrhea, and death.
2. Footrot: A highly contagious bacterial infection that affects the feet of sheep, causing lameness, swelling, and pain. It's caused by the bacteria Dichelobacter nodosus.
3. Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL): A chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. It affects the lymph nodes and can cause abscesses, weight loss, and death.
4. Contagious Ecthyma (Orf): A highly contagious viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes of sheep, causing sores and lesions.
5. Mastitis: An inflammation of the mammary gland in sheep, usually caused by a bacterial infection. It can cause decreased milk production, fever, and loss of appetite.
6. Pneumonia: A respiratory infection that can affect sheep, causing coughing, difficulty breathing, and fever. It can be caused by various bacteria or viruses.
7. Enterotoxemia: A potentially fatal disease caused by the overproduction of toxins in the intestines of sheep, usually due to a bacterial infection with Clostridium perfringens.
8. Polioencephalomalacia (PEM): A neurological disorder that affects the brain of sheep, causing symptoms such as blindness, circling, and seizures. It's often caused by a thiamine deficiency or excessive sulfur intake.
9. Toxoplasmosis: A parasitic infection that can affect sheep, causing abortion, stillbirth, and neurological symptoms.
10. Blue tongue: A viral disease that affects sheep, causing fever, respiratory distress, and mouth ulcers. It's transmitted by insect vectors and is often associated with climate change.
Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus
Haemaphysalis intermedia
Nairoviridae
Ticks of domestic animals
Orthonairovirus
Rhipicephalus pulchellus
Rhipicephalus
List of MeSH codes (B04)
List of MeSH codes (C22)
List of MeSH codes (C02)
List of infectious sheep and goat diseases
Thogotovirus
GALVmed
Diane Gifford-Gonzalez
Dromedary
Ethnoveterinary medicine
Agricultural show
List of Rift Valley fever outbreaks
Kipsigis people
Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron Delamere
2020 in East Africa
John Magufuli
Agriculture in Uganda
Kwale County
Traditional Kalenjin society
Brian Perry (veterinary surgeon)
Horn of Africa
Mursik
Hill people
Second Sudanese Civil War
Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus - Wikipedia
ArboCat Virus: Nairobi sheep disease (NSDV)
Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus Glycoprotein Gc, Human Fc-Tag (HEK293) (100µg) | Quadratech Diagnostics
Concurrent vaccines could reduce cost of disease prevention in goats and sheep
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Published papers 2021 - SVA
Schedule | Central Universities Act, 2009 | Bare Acts | Law Library | AdvocateKhoj
School of Biomedical Sciences - Research output - Ulster University
TPI | EVAg
Trade Policy and Regulations in Guatemala: Guatemala- Food and Agricultural Import Regulations
Electronic Confidence Building Measures Portal
Orthonairovirus ~ ViralZone
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2002 - Deleted terms
Live animals | Micor | Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Animal Disease Resource Index - CFSPH
VetBioNet
Disease - di Index | CureHunter
University of Nair2
- Raymond Owino is a master's student at the University of Nairobi (Kenya) interested in the foraging ecology, human-wildlife conflict, and habitat restoration of large mammals. (mammalogy.org)
- The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) works closely with researchers from the University of Liverpool, Kenya Medical Research Institute, University of Nairobi and the Zoonotic Disease Unit of the Government of Kenya to establish a surveillance programme for zoonoses, which includes monitoring antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic bacterial diseases in Kenya, and can be used as a model for developing a National surveillance Programme for zoonoses. (cgiar.org)
Kenya10
- NSDV was first recognised in 1917 as the causative agent of a disease that was affecting sheep transported from the Maasai region of Kenya for sale in the Nairobi livestock markets, where a 70% mortality rate was recorded for local breeds sheep, but a lower rate for European breeds. (wikipedia.org)
- For instance, a HORN-funded project on anthrax united scientists from Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somaliland and Somalia to map the disease. (ilri.org)
- The data were collected by experienced researchers from the Ministry of Livestock Development Nairobi, Kenya and the International Livestock Research Institute (Kenya). (ceda.ac.uk)
- A descriptive risk based cross-sectional survey was undertaken to characterise small ruminant disease control and husbandry practices in two pastoral regions of Kenya. (cipav.org.co)
- The study recommends that PPR disease control programmes in pastoral systems of Kenya be tailored to specific geographical areas based on the type of livestock disease prevalent while taking into account the social and economic setting of the pastoralists' communities. (cipav.org.co)
- This second meeting of the Global Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) Research Alliance, held 29-30 April 2013 in Nairobi, Kenya, brought together over 60 livestock experts from across the world. (ilri.org)
- Institute of Infection and Global Health (IGH), University of Liverpool and jointly appointed at the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. (cgiar.org)
- An integrated study of human and animal infectious disease in the Lake Victoria crescent small-holder crop-livestock production system, Kenya. (cgiar.org)
- NAIROBI-"The situation in Kenya is calm, Youth for Conservation president Steve Itela told ANIMAL PEOPLE on January 28, 2008, "especially in areas where violence was high such as Kibera and Mathare, but tension continues with ethnic groups still fighting in Nakuru, Naivasha, and Nyahururu. (animalpeopleforum.org)
- The Africa Network for Animal Welfare, Kenya SPCA, and Department of Veterinary Services veterinarians Dr. David Korir and Dr. Florence Mukoma treated 160 dogs, 10 cats, and numerous donkeys, cows, sheep, and goats at five camps for internally displaced persons from February 21 through February 24. (animalpeopleforum.org)
NSDV4
- The Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus (NSDV), also known as Ganjam virus, is a species in the genus Orthonairovirus belonging to the Nairobi sheep disease serogroup. (wikipedia.org)
- Sheep and goats are natural reservoirs for NSDV and Ganjam, but fatal cases have also been reported among blue duikers in zoos or in the wild. (wikipedia.org)
- Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus Glycoprotein Gc, Human Fc-Tag (HEK293) (100µg) (Special Terms Apply*) (QTXAG-698-100) is a recombinant Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus (NSDV) glycoprotein Gc, expressed in HEK293 cells and purified by affinity chromatography. (quadratech.co.uk)
- A recombinant Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus (NSDV) glycoprotein Gc, expressed in HEK293 cells and purified by affinity chromatography. (quadratech.co.uk)
Cattle8
- LSD is an infection of cattle only believed to be transmitted by biting insects and caused by a poxvirus closely related to that which causes Sheep and Goat Pox. (infonet-biovision.org)
- These data provide results from serological analysis carried out on serum collected from cattle (sample number = 460), goats (sample number = 949) and sheep (Sample number = 574) combined with data collected at the household and subject/animal levels at the time of serum sampling. (ceda.ac.uk)
- The serological analysis was performed to determine the risk of Rift Valley Fever virus exposure in cattle, sheep and goats. (ceda.ac.uk)
- Since May, the average price of food has increased while the price for cattle, sheep and goat have all decreased. (wvi.org)
- Dr. Dwight Bowman, Cornell University, has established an impressive body of work examining various compounds for treating parasites in dogs, cats, cattle and sheep, with primary emphasis on soil-transmitted parasites. (ncvetp.org)
- As an example, rift valley fever, a deadly virus transmitted to sheep, cattle, camels and humans by mosquito bites, is being fuelled by climate change, the scientist said. (blogspot.com)
- Every year in Africa, three million cattle succumb to African animal trypanosomosis commonly known as Nagana in cattle, goats, and sheep. (rwandadispatch.com)
- These mixed farming systems comprise of cattle, sheep, goats, a small number of pigs and crop production, which is fertilised by the manure produced by these animals. (cgiar.org)
Zoonotic4
- PPR virus is not a zoonotic disease but it causes significant livelihood disruption of livestock keepers in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with global estimates indicating that direct annual losses due to PPR outbreaks are between United States Dollar (USD) 1.2 and 1.7 billion (FAO-UN/OIE 2015). (cipav.org.co)
- In addition to Dr. Little's work with the Center, she is active in veterinary parasitology teaching and oversees a research program that focuses on zoonotic parasites, ticks, and tick-borne diseases. (ncvetp.org)
- Dr. Reichard also leads a very successful research program that focuses on zoonotic and tick-borne diseases of wild and domestic animals. (ncvetp.org)
- The risks range from increased environmental contamination to public health effects, because of an expected higher incidence of zoonotic pathogens and other infectious diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Infectious Disease5
- Author affiliations: Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military of China for Infectious Disease (nos. (cdc.gov)
- Below is information on outbreaks of infectious disease and similar occurrences in animals. (unog.ch)
- The success of active immunization in eradicating infectious disease is dependent on numerous factors. (maxanim.com)
- On the other hand, antigenic variation, the existence of animal or environmental reservoirs of infection, and high infectivity of the microbes make it less likely that vaccination alone will eradicate a particular infectious disease. (maxanim.com)
- level 2 facilities, and a biosafety level 3 facility in support of infectious disease research . (ohio-state.edu)
Orthonairovirus1
- Rhipicephalus pulchellus has been linked to Rickettsia conorii, the agent of boutonneuse fever in humans, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus, and Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus. (bvsalud.org)
Viruses4
- Although reassortment was not detected in this Nairobi Sheep Disease Virus co-infection, a potential risk for emergence of a new pan- demic strain by reassortment between these 2 viruses RNA in Ixodid Ticks, (with humans as mixing vessels) should not be ignored. (cdc.gov)
- The Pirbright Institute, formerly known as the Institute for Animal Health, is a world leading centre of excellence in research and surveillance of virus diseases of farm animals and viruses that spread from animals to humans. (european-virus-archive.com)
- Closely related viruses are found in other areas, but their potential for causing human disease is poorly understood. (cdc.gov)
- These outbreaks are most often caused by Ebola virus, but at least three related viruses can also cause the disease. (cdc.gov)
Ovine1
- Additional interests are in the area of genetics of livestock disease resistance focusing on sheep diseases such as Johne's disease, Ovine pulmonary adenocarcenoma and Mastitis. (vetvaccnet.ac.uk)
Contagious4
- But the productivity of these ruminants is threatened by diseases such as sheep and goat pox, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (goat pneumonia) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR), also known as goat plague, which can lead to the death of up to 100% of a flock. (ilri.org)
- PPR, is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats. (cipav.org.co)
- The disease is highly contagious, with roughly an 80 per cent mortality rate in acute cases. (ilri.org)
- A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and epithelial cells of the lung. (uchicago.edu)
Endemic2
- However, the endemic presence of small ruminant diseases such as PPR will not only affect productivity of small ruminants but will hinder pastoralists from accessing lucrative international markets to meet the increasing global demand for mutton and chevon (FAO-UN/OIE 2015). (cipav.org.co)
- Availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine is critical for restricting outbreaks and preventing disease in endemic countries. (cdc.gov)
Tick4
- NSDV's known hosts belong to the hard tick family Ixodidae, including Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, and Amblyomma variegatum, and afflict sheep and goats naturally. (wikipedia.org)
- family Nairoviridae) is a tick-borne pathogen that frequently causes lethal disease in humans. (cdc.gov)
- In 2011 she completed a postdoctoral fellowship from in the Tick and Tick-Borne Diseases Laboratory at Oklahoma State University (OSU) under the direction of Dr. Katherine Kocan. (ncvetp.org)
- Also, Ngonyo observed an "upsurge of tick borne disease due to lack of access to dipping facilities," coupled with refugees lacking "financial resources to acquire acaricides or even access to stores with acaricides. (animalpeopleforum.org)
Ganjam2
- Nairobi sheep disease virus/Ganjam virus" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- Yadav PD, Vincent MJ, Khristova M, Kale C, Nichol ST, Mishra AC, Mourya DT (2011) Genomic analysis reveals Nairobi sheep disease virus to be highly diverse and present in both Africa, and in India in the form of the Ganjam virus variant. (wikipedia.org)
Peste des Petit2
- The contribution of sheep and goats to pastoralist livelihood is limited by the frequent occurrence of trade sensitive diseases such as Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR). (cipav.org.co)
- Watch this short (3:50 minutes) film on the views of participants at a recent meeting to coordinate research strategies for a disease of small ruminants known as peste des petits ruminants, or PPR. (ilri.org)
Nairovirus1
- genus Nairovirus , family Bunyaviridae ) causes acute hem- orrhagic gastroenteritis in sheep and goats ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Hemorrhagic2
- Although a number of other febrile viral infections may produce hemorrhage, only the agents of Lassa, Marburg, Ebola, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fevers are known to have caused significant outbreaks of disease with person-to-person transmission. (cdc.gov)
- 2017 ). Surra is one of the factors for failure of vaccination against foot and mouth disease, hemorrhagic septicemia and classical swine fever (Payne et al. (researchsquare.com)
Vaccination3
- The results mean that small ruminants can benefit from combined vaccination against new diseases that farmers may be unaware of such as goat plague, when the animals are being vaccinated against goat pneumonia and other diseases whose impact on flocks is well known. (ilri.org)
- Farmers in rural areas will also be saved from making numerous trips over long distances to take animals for vaccination against different diseases,' he said. (ilri.org)
- If we can implement our proposal to control rabies and dog and cat population through anti-rabies vaccination and spay/ neuter in a pilot area of Nairobi and environs," Ngonyo continued, describing a project closer to home, "then the government will stop the baiting completely, and allow us to replicate this program in other parts of the country. (animalpeopleforum.org)
Outbreaks3
- In 2021 Australia had no outbreaks of infectious diseases or similar occurrences caused by toxins that seemed to deviate from the normal pattern. (unog.ch)
- Pastoralists have developed management systems based on strategic mobility that is driven by factors such as seasonal availability of grazing and water resources, avoidance of areas with known livestock disease outbreaks as well as availability of markets (Notenbaert et al 2012). (cipav.org.co)
- Ebola disease outbreaks are major public health events because of human-to-human transmission and high mortality. (cdc.gov)
Goats and sheep3
- Goats and sheep are a source of food and household income for more than 300 million people globally. (ilri.org)
- The Uganda National Development Plan III has identified goats and sheep as a priority commodity and major thematic area to address limitations in food security, household income and improvement of export earnings. (ilri.org)
- Goats and sheep are raised mainly for domestic consumption of meat, milk, hides, for income generation, and for other social activities like payment of dowry (Aganga & Aganga 2015). (digitaltruthexplained.com)
International Livestock1
- In some ways, the time for doing things is already past," said John McDermott, deputy director of research at the Nairobi-based International Livestock Research Institute. (blogspot.com)
INFECTIONS2
- CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES AND INJURIES I. INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES (001-139) Includes: diseases generally recognized as communicable or transmissible as well as a few diseases of unknown but possibly infectious origin Excludes: acute respiratory infections (460-466) influenza (487. (cdc.gov)
- certain localized infections Note: Categories for "late effects" of infectious and parasitic diseases are to be found at 137. (cdc.gov)
Infection1
- To reduce the risk for emergence of new viral subtypes, the public health and scientific communities should en- Shangshu Gong,1 Biao He,1 Zedong Wang,1 hance surveillance for co-infection with influenza (H7N9) Limin Shang, Feng Wei, Quan Liu, Changchun Tu virus and other influenza virus subtypes. (cdc.gov)
Viral5
- Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) Officer, Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases (ext. 1344). (cdc.gov)
- Chief, Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases: Joseph B. McCormick, M.D. (ext. 3308). (cdc.gov)
- Senior Medical Officer, Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases: Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, M.D. (ext. 3308). (cdc.gov)
- Director, Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases (ext. 3574). (cdc.gov)
- This infectious viral disease of sheep and goats poses a major threat to the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. (ilri.org)
Aujeszky's1
- 2. Aujeszky's disease. (advocatekhoj.com)
Pathology1
- These images were annotated by Dr. Steve Sorden and Dr. Claire Andreasen and funding was provided by a USDA Higher Education Challenge Grant in collaboration with the Iowa State University Department of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Food Security and Public Health (CFSPH), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), and Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC). (iastate.edu)
Lumpy4
- 11. Lumpy skin disease. (advocatekhoj.com)
- It is different from Pseudo-lumpy skin disease (PLSD), a benign and harmless but completely separate disease caused by a herpes virus. (infonet-biovision.org)
- The sudden appearance of lumps in the skin after an initial fever, with sometimes rapid spread to other animals make it difficult to confuse Lumpy Skin Disease with any other disease. (infonet-biovision.org)
- The only other disease which might cause confusion - Pseudo-lumpy Skin Disease (PLSD) - is only seen on the outside layers of the skin, or confined to the teats. (infonet-biovision.org)
Bacterial3
- 8. Bacterial kidney disease (Renibacterium salmoninarum). (advocatekhoj.com)
- 027.8 Other 027.9 Unspecified OTHER BACTERIAL DISEASES (030-041) Excludes: bacterial venereal diseases (098. (cdc.gov)
- It is provided as an additional code where it is desired to identify the bacterial agent in diseases classified elsewhere. (cdc.gov)
Humans2
Transmission1
- Currently, livestock accounts for over 60% of agricultural GDP in the region, but also contributes to disease transmission, affecting people's health, nutrition and overall well-being. (ilri.org)
ICIPE2
- Now, scientists from the Nairobi-based International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) have said they have developed an easy method to diagnose trypanosomosis. (rwandadispatch.com)
- According to icipe, the new method is rapid, affordable and efficient in diagnosing the disease, which kills both livestock and wild animals. (rwandadispatch.com)
Trypanosomosis2
- Trypanosomosis or surra has been declared notifiable multispecies animal disease by World Organization for Animal Health. (researchsquare.com)
- Trypanosomosis or surra caused by Trypanosoma evansi is a disease of major livestock species and widely distributed in different agro climatic regions of various developing countries including India (Truc et al. (researchsquare.com)
Control programmes1
- The framework obtained can be used by policy makers and researchers to investigate and develop pork industry and for food safety and disease control programmes. (frontiersin.org)
Herds2
- All livestock owners interviewed regularly used anthelmintic drugs, while 57% sourced for preventive vaccines for their sheep and goat herds. (cipav.org.co)
- Sheep and goats represent a significant composition of pastoralist livestock herds. (cipav.org.co)
Vaccines5
- These diseases can be prevented using vaccines that are available in the market, but their high costs hinder adoption, resulting in the spread of diseases and associated losses. (ilri.org)
- Researchers from the BUILD project assessed the effect of coadministration of vaccines on the effectiveness of the individual vaccines for goat plague, goat pneumonia and sheep and goat pox. (ilri.org)
- Different combinations of vaccines were administered to 21 goats and 12 sheep, divided into different groups. (ilri.org)
- Findings from the research , which was conducted at the National Animal Disease Diagnostic Centre in Entebbe, Uganda, showed that the concurrent administration of vaccines did not affect the effectiveness of individual vaccines or cause unwanted adverse effects such as diarrhoea and fever. (ilri.org)
- Speaking about the significance of the findings, Alex Mabirizi, a master's fellow in the BUILD project who led the research said, 'combined administration of vaccines will significantly reduce disease spread and mortality. (ilri.org)
Susceptible1
- In wetter conditions of above 3,000 mm of rainfall annually it is susceptible to attacks by insects and fungal diseases. (infonet-biovision.org)
Veterinary1
- This means that farm animal proprietors can non adequately trust on veterinary services for the control of farm animal diseases doing many of them turn to medicative workss. (niagarafallshypnosiscenter.com)
Trypanosoma1
- The unbearable disease is caused by Trypanosoma parasites, which are mainly transmitted by tsetse flies, and mechanically by other biting flies. (rwandadispatch.com)
Scientists2
- Scientists are also studying cropping and disease patterns in vegetables -- potatoes and tomatoes to cabbage and spinach, onion and garlic -- to see how they can cope with the stresses brought by global warming and its side-effects. (blogspot.com)
- Scientists are also concerned about the potential effect of climate change on potato blight, a weather-driven disease that takes a heavy toll on potato crops. (blogspot.com)
Livelihoods1
- It can also increase vaccine adoption, thereby curbing the spread of diseases and the related devastation of farmers' livelihoods. (ilri.org)
Resistance to disease2
- Boer goats have a high resistance to disease and adapt well to hot, dry semi deserts. (digitaltruthexplained.com)
- Researchers are trying to establish the extent to which global warming will affect livestock, plant life and staple crops such as rice to bolster their resistance to disease and breed stronger varieties. (blogspot.com)
Animals3
- Diseases specific to aquatic animals can be found on the Australian Government Department of Agriculture , Water and the Environment 's website ( http://www.awe.gov.au/agriculture-land/animal/aquatic/reporting/reportab... ). (unog.ch)
- Often the sources are shared with animals and therefore waterborne diseases are common, especially diarrhea among under-5s. (wvi.org)
- What you see are diseases moving into areas where they have not been before, which means sometimes animals are exposed where they haven't been for a long time," he said. (blogspot.com)
Clinical2
- High morbidity and mortality are seen in both sheep and goats, although goats tend to have less severe clinical signs than sheep. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, we report on the clinical impact of a novel NiV-derived nonspreading replicon particle lacking the fusion (F) protein gene (NiVF) as a vaccine in three small animal models of disease. (cdc.gov)
Animal4
- The following sections contain information on significant animal disease events/issues in 2021. (unog.ch)
- Research in One Health can enhance human and animal health and livestock production in the Horn of Africa, improving food systems, nutrition, resilience, disease control and the environment. (ilri.org)
- Poor animal conditions have meant that many have fallen ill and died as a result of preventable diseases. (wvi.org)
- 1993 ). Surra has been declared notifiable multispecies animal disease by World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) (Van Vinh Chau et al. (researchsquare.com)
Farmers1
- Food safety themes were associated with (i) Inadequate slaughter facilities forcing traders/farmers to undertake home slaughter (ii) Lack of knowledge on disease management (iii) Lack of training on hygienic practices in the slaughterhouse and (iv) Lack/insufficient capital to purchase equipment's to ensure proper hygiene e.g., boilers. (frontiersin.org)
Prevention2
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
- In April of last year, Biden said the United States is facing "a gun violence public health epidemic," and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declared racism a "serious public health threat. (movieguide.org)