A circumscribed stable malformation of the skin and occasionally of the oral mucosa, which is not due to external causes and therefore presumed to be of hereditary origin.
A macular lesion on the side of the FACE, involving the CONJUNCTIVA and EYELIDS, as well as the adjacent facial skin, SCLERA; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; and PERIOSTEUM. Histological features vary from those of a MONGOLIAN SPOT to those of a BLUE NEVUS.
A syndrome characterized by lesions occurring on the face, scalp, or neck which consist of congenital hypoplastic malformations of cutaneous structures and which over time undergo verrucous hyperplasia. Additionally it is associated with neurological symptoms and skeletal, ophthalmological, urogenital, and cardiovascular abnormalities.
Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A nevus in which nests of melanocytes are found in the dermis, but not at the epidermal-dermal junction. Benign pigmented nevi in adults are most commonly intradermal. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A benign compound nevus occurring most often in children before puberty, composed of spindle and epithelioid cells located mainly in the dermis, sometimes in association with large atypical cells and multinucleate cells, and having a close histopathological resemblance to malignant melanoma. The tumor presents as a smooth to slightly scaly, round to oval, raised, firm papule or nodule, ranging in color from pink-tan to purplish red, often with surface telangiectasia. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.
A benign skin lesion characterized by a zone of depigmentation surrounding the nevus.
Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal dominant.
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)
Facial neoplasms are abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the facial region, which can be benign or malignant, originating from various cell types including epithelial, glandular, connective tissue, and neural crest cells.
A noninvasive technique that enables direct microscopic examination of the surface and architecture of the SKIN.
The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).
Tumors of the iris characterized by increased pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of proliferated melanocytes and are associated with neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates from preexisting nevi.
Color of hair or fur.
A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.
A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the affected area.
An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.
Small circumscribed melanoses resembling, but differing histologically from, freckles. The concept includes senile lentigo ('liver spots') and nevoid lentigo (nevus spilus, lentigo simplex) and may also occur in association with multiple congenital defects or congenital syndromes (e.g., Peutz-Jeghers syndrome).
Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age. Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign melanomas (nevi).
Usually a benign tumor, that commonly presents as a solitary blue nodule with spindled MELANOCYTES covered by smooth SKIN. Several variants have been identified, one variant being malignant. The blue color is caused by large, densely packed melanocytes deep in the DERMIS of the nevus. In CHILDREN, they usually occur on the BUTTOCKS and LUMBOSACRAL REGION and are referred to as cellular blue nevi. Malignant blue nevi are more commonly found on the SCALP.
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.
Irradiation directly from the sun.
A heritable disorder of faulty keratinization characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clones of KERATINOCYTES and lesions showing varying atrophic patches surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. These keratotic lesions can progress to overt cutaneous neoplasm. Several clinical variants are recognized, including porokeratosis of Mibelli, linear porokeratosis, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, palmoplantar porokeratosis, and punctate porokeratosis.
Coloration of the skin.
A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo.
Pigmentation disorders are conditions that affect the production or distribution of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color, leading to changes in the color of these bodily features.
An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness, and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.
A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. (from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000)
Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.
Simple sweat glands that secrete sweat directly onto the SKIN.
Neoplasms composed of sebaceous or sweat gland tissue or tissue of other skin appendages. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the sebaceous or sweat glands or in the other skin appendages.
Two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring simultaneously and presumed to be of separate origin. The neoplasms may be histologically the same or different, and may be found in the same or different sites.
Color of the iris.
A non-inherited congenital condition with vascular and neurological abnormalities. It is characterized by facial vascular nevi (PORT-WINE STAIN), and capillary angiomatosis of intracranial membranes (MENINGES; CHOROID). Neurological features include EPILEPSY; cognitive deficits; GLAUCOMA; and visual defects.
General disorders of the sclera or white of the eye. They may include anatomic, embryologic, degenerative, or pigmentation defects.
A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)
A characteristic symptom complex.
Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas (HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA), epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called "elephant man", apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.
A benign, non-neoplastic, usually self-limiting epithelial lesion closely resembling squamous cell carcinoma clinically and histopathologically. It occurs in solitary, multiple, and eruptive forms. The solitary and multiple forms occur on sunlight exposed areas and are identical histologically; they affect primarily white males. The eruptive form usually involves both sexes and appears as a generalized papular eruption.
A pH sensitive dye that has been used as an indicator in many laboratory reactions.
'Skin diseases' is a broad term for various conditions affecting the skin, including inflammatory disorders, infections, benign and malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, which can cause symptoms such as rashes, discoloration, eruptions, lesions, itching, or pain.
A form of pigmented nevus showing intense melanocytic activity around the dermo-epidermal junction. Large numbers of spindle-shaped melanocytes proliferate downward toward the dermis and usually a large amount of pigment is present. It was first described in 1976 and the bulk of patients reported have been young females with the lesions presenting on the thighs. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, 1992, p185)
Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris.
A cellular subtype of malignant melanoma. It is a pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes occurring on sun-exposed skin, usually the face and neck. The melanocytes are commonly multinucleated with a "starburst" appearance. It is considered by many to be the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma.
Tumors or cancer of the EYE.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Colorado" is a place, specifically a state in the United States, and does not have a medical definition. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terminology, I would be happy to help with those!
A bluish-gray to gray-brown benign, melanocytic nevus found usually in the LUMBOSACRAL REGION of dark-skinned people, especially those of East Asian ancestry. It is usually congenital or appears shortly after birth, and disappears in childhood.
An autosomal dominant disorder that is manifested by thickened spongiform ORAL MUCOSA with a white opalescent tint. Other MUCOSAL TISSUE may also be involved mucosa found in the VAGINA; RECTUM, and NASAL CAVITY may be similarly involved. This form of LEUKOKERATOSIS can be caused by a mutation in the gene for KERATIN 4 and is not considered a PRENEOPLASTIC CONDITION.
The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

Combined nevi of the conjunctiva. (1/38)

PURPOSE: To report the clinical and histologic features of combined nevi of the conjunctiva, a type of nevus that is not uncommon in the skin but has rarely been reported in the conjunctiva. METHODS: Conjunctival nevi and melanomas from the files of the University of California, San Francisco, eye pathology laboratory were reviewed from 1984 to 1999 for the presence of features of both standard nevocytic nevi and blue nevi. Clinical histories and, when available, clinical photographs were obtained. RESULTS: Thirty-one combined nevi were discovered during the 15-year period between 1984 and 1999. One case before 1984 had been incorrectly diagnosed as a junctional nevus. The dendritic and spindle-shaped blue nevus cells had been overlooked because they were not recognized as distinct from the standard nevocytic nevus cells. The recognition of a blue as well as a brown color, a deep as well as a superficial component in the lesion, or a history of pigmentation since birth may help to establish the correct clinical diagnosis and prevent an unnecessarily deep surgical resection. Although growth of the lesion or "satellites" in some patients may favor a clinical diagnosis of melanoma, none of the lesions in this series were malignant. CONCLUSION: Despite a paucity of reports of combined nevi of the conjunctiva in the medical literature, this type of nevus--a combination of a nevocytic and a blue nevus--is common and has been overlooked in the past.  (+info)

Concurrent Ki-67 and p53 immunolabeling in cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms: an adjunct for recognition of the vertical growth phase in malignant melanomas? (2/38)

Ki-67 labeling of paraffin sections has been correlated with the number of cells in non-G(o) phases of the replicative cell cycle, and this immunohistochemical technique has been applied to the evaluation of a variety of human neoplasms. Similarly, immunolabeling for p53 protein has been used to detect mutations in the corresponding gene, as a reflection of possible cellular transformation in the same context. Both of these techniques were applied to 253 melanocytic tumors of the skin to assess their possible utility in the diagnosis and subcategorization of such lesions. They included 76 banal (common) nevi (CN), 39 Spitz nevi (SN), 62 superficial spreading malignant melanomas in radial growth (SSMMs), 32 nodular malignant melanomas (NMMs), 21 lentigo maligna melanomas in radial growth (LMMs), and 23 melanomas arising in association with preexisting compound nevi (MCN). One hundred cells were counted randomly in each tumor, and dark, exclusively nuclear reactivity was scored as positive labeling; results were recorded as percentages. Negligible Ki-67 and p53 labeling was seen in CN and SN, at a level that was similar to that obtained in cases of LMM and MCN. The largest proportion of Ki-67-positive and p53-positive cells was observed in NMMs, followed by SSMMs. Radial growth-phase SSMMs and LMMs demonstrated immunoprofiles that were similar to those of melanocytic nevi, and MCN did so as well. The prototypical malignant melanocytic tumor representing the vertical growth phase-nodular melanoma--demonstrated a statistically significant difference from all other lesions in this study with respect to Ki-67 index (P = .008, chi2) and p53 reactivity (P < .000001, chi2). Subsequent concurrent use of a Ki-67 threshold index of 10% and a p53 index of 5% correctly indicated the presence of vertical growth in 75% of NMMs, whereas only 8% of radial growth phase melanomas of other types were colabeled at the same levels of reactivity for the two markers (P < .00001, chi2). Thus, although the distinction between benign and malignant melanocytic tumors could and should not be based on immunohistology for Ki-67 and p53, these results suggest that the latter determinants may, in fact, be used as an adjunct to morphology in the recognition of the vertical growth phase in cutaneous malignant melanomas.  (+info)

Immunohistopathologic characterization of a dermal melanocytoma-acanthoma in a German Shepherd Dog. (3/38)

A cutaneous melanocytoma-acanthoma in a 2-year-old female German Shepherd Dog was characterized by the presence of two populations of neoplastic cells: epithelial and melanocytic. The epithelial component consisted of nests of well-differentiated stratified squamous epithelium closely associated with neoplastic melanocytes. The epithelial cells immunoreacted with both monoclonal and polyclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies, and immunoreaction to S-100 protein and vimentin was observed in the melanocytic cells. This rare pigmented skin neoplasm of the dog apparently has a benign behavior.  (+info)

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (4/38)

The blue rubber nevus syndrome consists of multiple venous malformations in the skin and gastrointestinal tract associated with intestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. Other organs may be involved. The causes of this syndrome are unknown. Its most common presentation is in the form of sporadic cases, but dominant autosomal inheritance has been described. It is a condition that affects both sexes equally, and its occurrence is rare in the black race. We present a case of this syndrome diagnosed in a 11-year-old patient. He had severe anemia and a venous swelling on the trunk. Similar lesions were found in the stomach, bowel, and on his foot. We emphasize the main clinical aspects: intestine, eyes, nasopharynx, parotids, lungs, liver, spleen, heart, brain, pleura, peritoneum, pericardium, skeletal muscles, bladder, and penis lesions, systemic complications that may occur to these patients which are thrombosis and calcification, as well as consumptive coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia that may occur within the nevi.  (+info)

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: case report. (5/38)

The case of a patient with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome who is infected by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus due to multiple blood transfusions is presented. This case shows that although it is a rare systemic disorder, blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic anemia or gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients should be investigated by endoscopy, which is the most reliable method for detecting these lesions. The patient underwent gastroscopy and enteroscopy via enterotomy with identification of all lesions. Minimal resection of the larger lesions and string-purse suture of the smaller ones involving all the layers of the intestine were performed. The string-purse suture of the lesions detected by enteroscopy proved to be an effective technique for handling these lesions, avoiding extensive intestinal resection and stopping the bleeding. Effective management of these patients demands aggressive treatment and should be initiated as soon as possible to avoid risks involved in blood transfusions, as occurred in this case.  (+info)

Blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome: report of a familial case with a dural arteriovenous fistula. (6/38)

We report a case of a 45-year-old woman known to have a familial form of blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS). The patient developed severe occipital headaches and bilateral retroauricular bruits. Cerebral angiography showed a large dural arteriovenous fistula in the torcular region. Central nervous system involvement in BRBNS is not often reported, and most cases of BRBNS are sporadic.  (+info)

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: case report and literature review. (7/38)

Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome ( BRBNS) is a rare disorder characterized by multiple cutaneous venous malformations in the skin and gastrointestinal tract associated with intestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. Other organs may also be involved. BRBNS has a potential for serious or fatal bleeding. The causes of this syndrome are unknown. Its most common presentation is in the form of sporadic cases, but dominant autosomal inheritance has been described. Although it was first recognized by Gascoyen in 1860, only one hundred years later did Bean further describe these lesions and coined the term BRBNS. A MEDLINE search yielded about 200 case reports published till 2003. We present a case of this syndrome diagnosed in a 16- year - old patient with both upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. He had severe anemia and venous swellings on the trunk. Similar lesions were found in the stomach, bowel and on his foot. In addition, we review the available literature on the epidemiology, clinical features, associated conditions, diagnosis and treatment.  (+info)

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: surgical eradication of gastrointestinal bleeding. (8/38)

OBJECTIVE: We report the largest clinical experience to date of surgically treated patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: BRBNS is a rare congenital disorder presenting with multifocal venous malformations of the skin, soft tissues, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients with BRBNS develop anemia from chronic GI bleeding, and require lifelong treatment with iron and blood transfusions. An aggressive surgical approach to treat the GI venous malformations of BRBNS has been considered unlikely to be successful because of the large number of lesions, their position throughout the GI tract, and the likelihood of recurrence. Based on our belief that eradicated lesions would not recur, we undertook the removal of all GI tract lesions in an effort to eliminate bleeding. METHODS: Ten patients with BRBNS were treated from 1993 to 2002. Lesions were identified using complete GI endoscopy. The multiple venous malformations were removed by a combination of wedge resection, polypectomy, suture-ligation, segmental bowel resection, and band ligation. RESULTS: Patient ages ranged from 2 to 36 years, and patients received an average of 53 prior blood transfusions. A mean of 137 focal GI venous malformations per patient were resected at operation (range 4-557), with a mean operative duration of 14 hours (range 7-23 hours). Only 1 patient who had a less extensive procedure developed recurrent GI bleeding. The mean follow-up period was 5.0 years (range 2.9-10.3 years). CONCLUSIONS: We believe that an aggressive excisional approach is indicated for the venous anomalies that cause GI bleeding in BRBNS.  (+info)

A nevus, also known as a mole, is a benign growth or mark on the skin that is usually brown or black. It can be raised or flat and can appear anywhere on the body. Nevi are made up of cells called melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin. Most nevi develop in childhood or adolescence, but they can also appear later in life. Some people have many nevi, while others have few or none.

There are several types of nevi, including:

* Common nevi: These are the most common type of mole and are usually small, round, and brown or black. They can be flat or raised and can appear anywhere on the body.
* Atypical nevi: These moles are larger than common nevi and have irregular borders and color. They may be flat or raised and can appear anywhere on the body, but are most commonly found on the trunk and extremities. Atypical nevi are more likely to develop into melanoma, a type of skin cancer, than common nevi.
* Congenital nevi: These moles are present at birth and can vary in size from small to large. They are more likely to develop into melanoma than moles that develop later in life.
* Spitz nevi: These are rare, benign growths that typically appear in children and adolescents. They are usually pink or red and dome-shaped.

It is important to monitor nevi for changes in size, shape, color, and texture, as these can be signs of melanoma. If you notice any changes in a mole, or if you have a new mole that is unusual or bleeding, it is important to see a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

A Nevus of Ota, also known as an oculodermal melanocytosis, is a benign birthmark characterized by the presence of darkly pigmented (melanin-containing) cells called melanocytes in the skin and mucous membranes around the eye. These pigmented cells can also extend to the sclera (the white part of the eye), dura mater (the outer covering of the brain), and leptomeninges (the middle layer of the meninges, which cover the brain and spinal cord).

The Nevus of Ota typically presents as a unilateral (occurring on one side) bluish-gray or brown patch that follows the distribution of the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve. It usually affects the eye, forehead, temple, and cheek, but it can also involve other areas of the face, scalp, and neck.

While Nevi of Ota are generally harmless, they may be associated with an increased risk of developing melanoma (a type of skin cancer) in the affected area. Therefore, regular monitoring and evaluation by a healthcare professional is recommended.

A nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn is a type of congenital benign skin tumor or birthmark that is composed of epidermal, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland components. It typically appears as a yellowish, greasy, or warty plaque on the scalp or face during infancy or early childhood. The lesion tends to enlarge slowly and may undergo various changes in appearance over time.

In adolescence or adulthood, there is a risk of secondary tumor development within the nevus sebaceous, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or sebaceous carcinoma. Therefore, regular monitoring and possible surgical removal of the lesion may be recommended, especially in cases where the nevus is large, symptomatic, or shows signs of malignant transformation.

Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome, also known as atypical mole syndrome, is a condition characterized by the presence of numerous dysplastic nevi (abnormal moles) that may appear irregular in shape, color, and size. These moles are typically larger than normal moles (greater than 5 mm in diameter) and have an asymmetrical shape, uneven borders, and varied colors.

Individuals with Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome have a higher risk of developing melanoma, a type of skin cancer that can be life-threatening if not detected and treated early. The syndrome is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that a child has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene from an affected parent.

It's important to note that having dysplastic nevi does not necessarily mean that a person will develop melanoma, but it does increase their risk. Regular skin examinations by a dermatologist and self-examinations are recommended for early detection of any changes in moles or the development of new suspicious lesions.

An intradermal nevus, also known as an intradermal naevus or compound nevus, is a type of benign pigmented skin lesion that originates from melanocytes, which are the pigment-producing cells in the skin. It develops when melanocytes grow and multiply in the dermis, the middle layer of the skin.

Intradermal nevi are typically small, round or oval, raised bumps that range in color from flesh-colored to brown or black. They can appear anywhere on the body, but they are most commonly found on the trunk and extremities. These nevi usually develop during childhood or adolescence and may continue to grow slowly over time.

Intradermal nevi are generally harmless and do not require treatment unless they become symptomatic (e.g., itchy, painful, or bleed) or change in appearance, which could indicate a potential malignant transformation into melanoma. In such cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of action.

It is essential to monitor any changes in existing nevi and consult a healthcare professional if there are concerns about new or changing lesions. Regular skin examinations can help detect early signs of skin cancer and improve treatment outcomes.

A nevus is a general term for a benign growth or mole on the skin. There are many different types of nevi, including epithelioid and spindle cell nevi.

Epithelioid cell: A type of cell that is typically found in certain types of nevi, as well as in some malignant tumors such as melanoma. Epithelioid cells are large, round cells with a pale, clear cytoplasm and centrally located nuclei.

Spindle cell: A type of cell that is often found in certain types of nevi, including Spitz nevi and deep penetrating nevi. Spindle cells are elongated, thin cells with cigar-shaped nuclei. They can also be found in some malignant tumors such as melanoma.

Epithelioid and spindle cell nevus: A type of nevus that contains both epithelioid and spindle cells. These nevi are typically benign, but they can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from melanoma, especially if they have atypical features. Therefore, it is important for these types of nevi to be evaluated by a dermatopathologist or a specialist in skin pathology.

Skin neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the skin that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled multiplication of skin cells, which can form various types of lesions. These growths may appear as lumps, bumps, sores, patches, or discolored areas on the skin.

Benign skin neoplasms include conditions such as moles, warts, and seborrheic keratoses, while malignant skin neoplasms are primarily classified into melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. These three types of cancerous skin growths are collectively known as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer, while NMSCs tend to be less invasive but more common.

It's essential to monitor any changes in existing skin lesions or the appearance of new growths and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment if needed.

A "Halo Nevus" (also known as Sutton nevus or leukoderma acquisitum centrifugum) is a type of melanocytic nevus (mole) that is surrounded by a depigmented halo, typically measured to be 0.5-1 cm wide. The central nevus can be either a common acquired melanocytic nevus or a Spitz nevus.

The depigmentation occurs due to the destruction of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) in the skin surrounding the nevus, which is thought to be an immune-mediated response. The halo nevus is considered a benign condition and usually appears in children and young adults. While most halo nevi are harmless, it's essential to monitor them for any changes that may indicate melanoma or other skin cancers. If you notice any changes in the size, shape, color, or border of a halo nevus, consult with a dermatologist or healthcare professional.

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (BCNS), also known as Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by the development of multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), which are skin cancer tumors that arise from the basal cells in the outermost layer of the skin.

The syndrome is caused by mutations in the PTCH1 gene, which regulates the hedgehog signaling pathway involved in embryonic development and tissue growth regulation. The condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that a child has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutated gene from an affected parent.

Individuals with BCNS typically develop hundreds to thousands of BCCs over their lifetime, often beginning in childhood or adolescence. They may also have other benign and malignant tumors, such as medulloblastomas (brain tumors), fibromas, and rhabdomyosarcomas.

Additional features of BCNS can include:

1. Facial abnormalities, such as a broad nasal bridge, widely spaced eyes, and pits or depressions on the palms and soles.
2. Skeletal abnormalities, such as spine deformities, rib anomalies, and jaw cysts.
3. Developmental delays and intellectual disabilities in some cases.
4. Increased risk of other cancers, including breast, ovarian, and lung cancer.

Early detection and management of BCCs and other tumors are crucial for individuals with BCNS to prevent complications and improve their quality of life. Regular dermatological examinations, sun protection measures, and surgical removal of tumors are common treatment approaches.

Melanoma is defined as a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. It typically occurs in the skin but can rarely occur in other parts of the body, including the eyes and internal organs. Melanoma is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and multiplication of melanocytes, which can form malignant tumors that invade and destroy surrounding tissue.

Melanoma is often caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, but it can also occur in areas of the body not exposed to the sun. It is more likely to develop in people with fair skin, light hair, and blue or green eyes, but it can affect anyone, regardless of their skin type.

Melanoma can be treated effectively if detected early, but if left untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body and become life-threatening. Treatment options for melanoma include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the stage and location of the cancer. Regular skin examinations and self-checks are recommended to detect any changes or abnormalities in moles or other pigmented lesions that may indicate melanoma.

Facial neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the tissues of the face. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Facial neoplasms can occur in any of the facial structures, including the skin, muscles, bones, nerves, and glands.

Benign facial neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body. Examples include papillomas, hemangiomas, and neurofibromas. While these tumors are usually harmless, they can cause cosmetic concerns or interfere with normal facial function.

Malignant facial neoplasms, on the other hand, can be aggressive and invasive. They can spread to other parts of the face, as well as to distant sites in the body. Common types of malignant facial neoplasms include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

Treatment for facial neoplasms depends on several factors, including the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if you notice any unusual growths or changes in the skin or tissues of your face.

Dermoscopy, also known as dermatoscopy or epiluminescence microscopy, is a non-invasive diagnostic technique used in dermatology to evaluate skin lesions, such as moles and pigmented skin tumors. This method involves the use of a handheld device called a dermoscope, which consists of a magnifying lens, a light source, and a transparent plate or immersion fluid that allows for better visualization of the skin's surface structures.

Dermoscopy enables dermatologists to examine the pigmented patterns, vascular structures, and other morphological features hidden beneath the skin's surface that are not visible to the naked eye. By observing these details, dermatologists can improve their ability to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, leading to more accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatment decisions.

The primary uses of dermoscopy include:

1. Early detection and diagnosis of melanoma and other skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
2. Monitoring the evolution of suspicious moles or lesions over time.
3. Assisting in the identification of various benign skin growths, like seborrheic keratoses, dermatofibromas, and nevi (moles).
4. Improving the diagnostic accuracy for infectious skin conditions, inflammatory processes, and other dermatological disorders.

Overall, dermoscopy is a valuable tool in the field of dermatology that enhances the clinician's ability to diagnose and manage various skin conditions accurately and effectively.

The scalp is the anatomical region located at the upper part of the human head, covering the skull except for the face and the ears. It is made up of several layers: the skin, the connective tissue, the galea aponeurotica (a strong, flat, tendinous sheet), loose areolar tissue, and the periosteum (the highly vascularized innermost layer that attaches directly to the skull bones). The scalp has a rich blood supply and is home to numerous sensory receptors, including those for touch, pain, and temperature. It also contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.

Iris neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign iris neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant iris neoplasms, on the other hand, can grow quickly and may spread to other parts of the eye or nearby structures, such as the ciliary body or choroid.

Iris neoplasms can cause various symptoms, including changes in the appearance of the eye, such as a visible mass or discoloration, pain, redness, light sensitivity, blurred vision, or changes in the size or shape of the pupil. The diagnosis of iris neoplasms typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including a visual acuity test, refraction, slit-lamp examination, and sometimes imaging tests such as ultrasound or optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Treatment options for iris neoplasms depend on the type, size, location, and severity of the tumor. Small, benign iris neoplasms may not require treatment and can be monitored over time. Larger or malignant iris neoplasms may require surgical removal, radiation therapy, or other treatments to prevent complications or spread to other parts of the eye or body. It is essential to seek medical attention promptly if you experience any symptoms of iris neoplasms or notice any changes in your vision or the appearance of your eyes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "hair color" is not a term that has a medical definition in the same way that a term like "myocardial infarction" (heart attack) does. Hair color can be described in various ways, such as being a natural hair color (like blonde, brunette, red, or black) or describing a change in hair color due to factors like aging (gray or white hairs) or hair dye usage.

However, it's worth noting that changes in hair color can sometimes be associated with certain medical conditions. For example, premature graying of the hair before the age of 30 can be a feature of certain genetic disorders or vitamin B12 deficiency. Similarly, some skin conditions like alopecia areata or vitiligo can cause patchy changes in hair color. But these associations don't provide a medical definition for 'hair color'.

Trypan Blue is not a medical condition or disease, but rather a medical stain that is used in various medical and laboratory procedures. Here's the medical definition of Trypan Blue:

Trypan Blue is a sterile, non-toxic dye that is commonly used in medical and research settings for staining and visualizing cells and tissues. It has an affinity for staining dead or damaged cells, making it useful for counting viable cells in a sample, as well as identifying and removing damaged cells during certain surgical procedures.

In ophthalmology, Trypan Blue is used as a surgical aid during cataract surgery to stain the lens capsule, providing better visibility and improving the outcome of the procedure. It may also be used in other types of surgeries to help identify and remove damaged or necrotic tissue.

In research settings, Trypan Blue is often used to distinguish live cells from dead cells in cell culture experiments, as well as for staining various tissues and structures during histological examination.

A hamartoma is a benign tumor-like growth that is composed of an unusual mixture of cells and tissues that are normally found in the affected area. These growths can occur anywhere in the body, but they are most commonly found in the skin, lungs, and brain. Hamartomas are typically slow growing and do not spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). They are usually harmless, but in some cases, they may cause symptoms or complications depending on their size and location. In general, hamartomas do not require treatment unless they are causing problems.

Evans Blue is not a medical condition or diagnosis, but rather a dye that is used in medical research and tests. It is a dark blue dye that binds to albumin (a type of protein) in the bloodstream. This complex is too large to pass through the walls of capillaries, so it remains in the blood vessels and does not enter the surrounding tissues. As a result, Evans Blue can be used as a marker to visualize or measure the volume of the circulatory system.

In research settings, Evans Blue is sometimes used in studies involving the brain and nervous system. For example, it may be injected into the cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord) to help researchers see the distribution of this fluid in the brain. It can also be used to study blood-brain barrier function, as changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier can allow Evans Blue to leak into the brain tissue.

It is important to note that Evans Blue should only be used under the supervision of a trained medical professional, as it can be harmful if ingested or inhaled.

A lentigo is a small, sharply defined, pigmented macule (flat spot) on the skin. It's usually tan, brown, or black and can appear on various parts of the body, particularly where the skin has been exposed to the sun. Lentigos are typically harmless and don't require treatment unless they're uncomfortable or for cosmetic reasons. However, some types of lentigines, such as lentigo maligna, can progress into melanoma, a type of skin cancer, so regular self-examinations and professional skin checks are important.

It is essential to differentiate between simple lentigos and lentigo maligna, which is a precancerous lesion. Lentigo maligna tends to occur in older individuals, often on the face, and can appear as a large, irregularly shaped, and darkly pigmented patch. A dermatologist should evaluate any suspicious or changing skin spots for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Choroid neoplasms are abnormal growths that develop in the choroid, a layer of blood vessels that lies between the retina and the sclera (the white of the eye). These growths can be benign or malignant (cancerous). Benign choroid neoplasms include choroidal hemangiomas and choroidal osteomas. Malignant choroid neoplasms are typically choroidal melanomas, which are the most common primary eye tumors in adults. Other types of malignant choroid neoplasms include metastatic tumors that have spread to the eye from other parts of the body. Symptoms of choroid neoplasms can vary depending on the size and location of the growth, but may include blurred vision, floaters, or a dark spot in the visual field. Treatment options depend on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.

A blue nevus, also known as a "naevus" or "mole," is a type of melanocytic nevus, which means it contains the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. The term "blue" refers to its characteristic color, which results from the way light penetrates and scatters in the deep layers of the skin where the nevus is located.

Blue nevi are typically benign, meaning they are not cancerous and do not usually pose a threat to health. They can appear as solitary lesions or multiple lesions and may be present at birth (congenital) or develop during childhood or adulthood.

While blue nevi are generally harmless, it is important to monitor them for any changes in size, shape, color, or texture, as well as the development of new symptoms such as pain, itching, or bleeding. In rare cases, a blue nevus may undergo malignant transformation and develop into a type of skin cancer called melanoma.

If you have a blue nevus that is changing or causing concern, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and management.

Hyperpigmentation is a medical term that refers to the darkening of skin areas due to an increase in melanin, the pigment that provides color to our skin. This condition can affect people of all races and ethnicities, but it's more noticeable in those with lighter skin tones.

Hyperpigmentation can be caused by various factors, including excessive sun exposure, hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), inflammation, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions like Addison's disease or hemochromatosis. It can also result from skin injuries, such as cuts, burns, or acne, which leave dark spots known as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

There are several types of hyperpigmentation, including:

1. Melasma: This is a common form of hyperpigmentation that typically appears as symmetrical, blotchy patches on the face, particularly the forehead, cheeks, and upper lip. It's often triggered by hormonal changes, such as those experienced during pregnancy or while taking birth control pills.
2. Solar lentigos (age spots or liver spots): These are small, darkened areas of skin that appear due to prolonged sun exposure over time. They typically occur on the face, hands, arms, and decolletage.
3. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation: This type of hyperpigmentation occurs when an injury or inflammation heals, leaving behind a darkened area of skin. It's more common in people with darker skin tones.

Treatment for hyperpigmentation depends on the underlying cause and may include topical creams, chemical peels, laser therapy, or microdermabrasion. Preventing further sun damage is crucial to managing hyperpigmentation, so wearing sunscreen with a high SPF and protective clothing is recommended.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "sunlight" is not a term with a specific medical definition. However, sunlight does have various implications in the field of medicine. It is the light that comes from the sun, which is a star at the center of our solar system. Sunlight is essential for the production of vitamin D in humans, and it can also have effects on mood and sleep patterns due to its influence on circadian rhythms.

In a medical context, sunlight is often discussed in relation to its potential health benefits and risks. For instance, moderate sun exposure can help increase vitamin D levels, which are important for bone health, immune function, and other bodily processes. However, excessive sun exposure can lead to harmful effects, such as sunburn, premature skin aging, and an increased risk of skin cancer.

It's essential to balance the benefits and risks of sunlight exposure by practicing safe sun habits, such as wearing protective clothing, using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, seeking shade during peak sunlight hours, and avoiding intentional tanning.

Porokeratosis is a skin condition characterized by the development of benign, progressive, and persistent papules or plaques with a ridge-like border called "cornoid lamella." These lesions can appear anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on sun-exposed areas. The condition results from abnormal keratinization and can be inherited or acquired. There are several types of porokeratosis, including porokeratosis of Mibelli, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, punctate porokeratosis, linear porokeratosis, and porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata. The exact cause is unknown, but genetic mutations, ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, immunosuppression, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have been implicated in its development. Treatment options include topical therapies, cryotherapy, laser surgery, and photodynamic therapy.

Skin pigmentation is the coloration of the skin that is primarily determined by two types of melanin pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin. These pigments are produced by melanocytes, which are specialized cells located in the epidermis. Eumelanin is responsible for brown or black coloration, while pheomelanin produces a red or yellow hue.

The amount and distribution of melanin in the skin can vary depending on genetic factors, age, sun exposure, and various other influences. Increased production of melanin in response to UV radiation from the sun helps protect the skin from damage, leading to darkening or tanning of the skin. However, excessive sun exposure can also cause irregular pigmentation, such as sunspots or freckles.

Abnormalities in skin pigmentation can result from various medical conditions, including albinism (lack of melanin production), vitiligo (loss of melanocytes leading to white patches), and melasma (excessive pigmentation often caused by hormonal changes). These conditions may require medical treatment to manage or improve the pigmentation issues.

Alcian Blue is a type of dye that is commonly used in histology, which is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues. It is particularly useful for staining acidic mucopolysaccharides and proteoglycans, which are important components of the extracellular matrix in many tissues.

Alcian Blue binds to these negatively charged molecules through ionic interactions, forming a complex that can be visualized under a microscope. The dye is often used in combination with other stains to provide contrast and highlight specific structures within tissues.

The intensity of the Alcian Blue stain can also provide information about the degree of sulfation or carboxylation of the mucopolysaccharides, which can be useful in diagnosing certain diseases or abnormalities. For example, changes in the staining pattern of proteoglycans have been associated with various types of arthritis and other joint disorders.

Overall, Alcian Blue is an important tool in the field of histology and has contributed significantly to our understanding of tissue structure and function.

Pigmentation disorders are conditions that affect the production or distribution of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes. These disorders can cause changes in the color of the skin, resulting in areas that are darker (hyperpigmentation) or lighter (hypopigmentation) than normal. Examples of pigmentation disorders include melasma, age spots, albinism, and vitiligo. The causes, symptoms, and treatments for these conditions can vary widely, so it is important to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Sunburn is a cutaneous condition characterized by redness, pain, and sometimes swelling of the skin caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or other sources such as tanning beds. The skin may also blister and peel in severe cases. Sunburn is essentially a burn to the skin that can have both immediate and long-term consequences, including increased aging of the skin and an increased risk of skin cancer. It is important to protect the skin from excessive sun exposure by using sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sunlight hours.

A hemangioma is a benign (noncancerous) vascular tumor or growth that originates from blood vessels. It is characterized by an overgrowth of endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels. Hemangiomas can occur in various parts of the body, but they are most commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes.

Hemangiomas can be classified into two main types:

1. Capillary hemangioma (also known as strawberry hemangioma): This type is more common and typically appears during the first few weeks of life. It grows rapidly for several months before gradually involuting (or shrinking) on its own, usually within the first 5 years of life. Capillary hemangiomas can be superficial, appearing as a bright red, raised lesion on the skin, or deep, forming a bluish, compressible mass beneath the skin.

2. Cavernous hemangioma: This type is less common and typically appears during infancy or early childhood. It consists of large, dilated blood vessels and can occur in various organs, including the skin, liver, brain, and gastrointestinal tract. Cavernous hemangiomas on the skin appear as a rubbery, bluish mass that does not typically involute like capillary hemangiomas.

Most hemangiomas do not require treatment, especially if they are small and not causing any significant problems. However, in cases where hemangiomas interfere with vital functions, impair vision or hearing, or become infected, various treatments may be considered, such as medication (e.g., corticosteroids, propranolol), laser therapy, surgical excision, or embolization.

Conjunctival neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop on the conjunctiva, which is the thin, clear mucous membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids and the outer surface of the eye. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Benign conjunctival neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body. They may include lesions such as conjunctival cysts, papillomas, or naevi (moles). These growths can usually be removed through simple surgical procedures with a good prognosis.

Malignant conjunctival neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancerous and have the potential to invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body. The most common type of malignant conjunctival neoplasm is squamous cell carcinoma, which arises from the epithelial cells that line the surface of the conjunctiva. Other less common types include melanoma, lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma.

Malignant conjunctival neoplasms typically require more extensive treatment, such as surgical excision, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. The prognosis for malignant conjunctival neoplasms depends on the type and stage of the cancer at the time of diagnosis, as well as the patient's overall health and age. Early detection and prompt treatment are key to improving outcomes in patients with these conditions.

Eccrine glands are the most numerous type of sweat glands in the human body, found in virtually all skin locations. They play a crucial role in thermoregulation by producing a watery sweat that cools the body when it evaporates on the skin surface. These glands are distributed over the entire body, with a higher concentration on the soles of the feet, palms of the hands, and forehead.

Structurally, eccrine glands consist of two main parts: the coiled secretory portion located in the dermis and the straight duct that extends through the dermis and epidermis to reach the skin surface. The secretory portion is lined with a simple cuboidal epithelium, while the duct is lined with a simple squamous or low cuboidal epithelium.

Eccrine glands are stimulated to produce sweat by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, particularly through the release of acetylcholine at the neuro-glandular junction. The sweat produced is primarily water with small amounts of electrolytes, such as sodium, chloride, and potassium. This composition helps maintain the body's electrolyte balance while facilitating heat loss during physical exertion or in hot environments.

Neoplasms, adnexal and skin appendage refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the sweat glands, hair follicles, or other structures associated with the skin. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and they can occur anywhere on the body.

Adnexal neoplasms are tumors that arise from the sweat glands or hair follicles, including the sebaceous glands, eccrine glands, and apocrine glands. These tumors can range in size and severity, and they may cause symptoms such as pain, itching, or changes in the appearance of the skin.

Skin appendage neoplasms are similar to adnexal neoplasms, but they specifically refer to tumors that arise from structures such as hair follicles, nails, and sweat glands. Examples of skin appendage neoplasms include pilomatricomas (tumors of the hair follicle), trichilemmomas (tumors of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle), and sebaceous adenomas (tumors of the sebaceous glands).

It is important to note that while many adnexal and skin appendage neoplasms are benign, some can be malignant and may require aggressive treatment. If you notice any unusual growths or changes in your skin, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and care.

Multiple primary neoplasms refer to the occurrence of more than one primary malignant tumor in an individual, where each tumor is unrelated to the other and originates from separate cells or organs. This differs from metastatic cancer, where a single malignancy spreads to multiple sites in the body. Multiple primary neoplasms can be synchronous (occurring at the same time) or metachronous (occurring at different times). The risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms increases with age and is associated with certain genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption.

Eye color is a characteristic determined by variations in a person's genes. The color of the eyes depends on the amount and type of pigment called melanin found in the eye's iris.

There are three main types of eye colors: brown, blue, and green. Brown eyes have the most melanin, while blue eyes have the least. Green eyes have a moderate amount of melanin combined with a golden tint that reflects light to give them their unique color.

Eye color is a polygenic trait, which means it is influenced by multiple genes. The two main genes responsible for eye color are OCA2 and HERC2, both located on chromosome 15. These genes control the production, transport, and storage of melanin in the iris.

It's important to note that eye color can change during infancy and early childhood due to the development of melanin in the iris. Additionally, some medications or medical conditions may also cause changes in eye color over time.

Sturge-Weber syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disorder characterized by the combination of a facial port-wine birthmark and neurological abnormalities. The facial birthmark, which is typically located on one side of the face, occurs due to the malformation of small blood vessels (capillaries) in the skin and eye.

Neurological features often include seizures that begin in infancy, muscle weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (hemiparesis), developmental delay, and intellectual disability. These neurological symptoms are caused by abnormal blood vessel formation in the brain (leptomeningeal angiomatosis) leading to increased pressure, reduced blood flow, and potential damage to the brain tissue.

Sturge-Weber syndrome can also affect the eyes, with glaucoma being a common occurrence due to increased pressure within the eye. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of this condition are crucial for improving the quality of life and reducing potential complications.

Scleral diseases refer to conditions that affect the sclera, which is the tough, white outer coating of the eye. The sclera helps to maintain the shape of the eye and provides protection for the internal structures. Scleral diseases can cause inflammation, degeneration, or thinning of the sclera, leading to potential vision loss or other complications. Some examples of scleral diseases include:

1. Scleritis: an inflammatory condition that causes pain, redness, and sensitivity in the affected area of the sclera. It can be associated with autoimmune disorders, infections, or trauma.
2. Episcleritis: a less severe form of inflammation that affects only the episclera, a thin layer of tissue overlying the sclera. Symptoms include redness and mild discomfort but typically no pain.
3. Pinguecula: a yellowish, raised deposit of protein and fat that forms on the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the sclera. While not a disease itself, a pinguecula can cause irritation or discomfort and may progress to a more severe condition called a pterygium.
4. Pterygium: a fleshy growth that extends from the conjunctiva onto the cornea, potentially obstructing vision. It is often associated with prolonged sun exposure and can be removed surgically if it becomes problematic.
5. Scleral thinning or melting: a rare but serious condition where the sclera degenerates or liquefies, leading to potential perforation of the eye. This can occur due to autoimmune disorders, infections, or as a complication of certain surgical procedures.
6. Ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (OHS): a condition caused by the Histoplasma capsulatum fungus, which can lead to scarring and vision loss if it involves the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision.

It is essential to consult an ophthalmologist or eye care professional if you experience any symptoms related to scleral diseases to receive proper diagnosis and treatment.

Carcinoma, basal cell is a type of skin cancer that arises from the basal cells, which are located in the lower part of the epidermis (the outermost layer of the skin). It is also known as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and is the most common form of skin cancer.

BCC typically appears as a small, shiny, pearly bump or nodule on the skin, often in sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, neck, hands, and arms. It may also appear as a scar-like area that is white, yellow, or waxy. BCCs are usually slow growing and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. However, they can be locally invasive and destroy surrounding tissue if left untreated.

The exact cause of BCC is not known, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. People with fair skin, light hair, and blue or green eyes are at increased risk of developing BCC.

Treatment for BCC typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with a margin of healthy tissue. Other treatment options may include radiation therapy, topical chemotherapy, or photodynamic therapy. Prevention measures include protecting your skin from UV radiation by wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and avoiding tanning beds.

A syndrome, in medical terms, is a set of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or underlying pathological process. It's essentially a collection of signs and/or symptoms that frequently occur together and can suggest a particular cause or condition, even though the exact physiological mechanisms might not be fully understood.

For example, Down syndrome is characterized by specific physical features, cognitive delays, and other developmental issues resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Similarly, metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus type 2 involve a group of risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels that collectively increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

It's important to note that a syndrome is not a specific diagnosis; rather, it's a pattern of symptoms that can help guide further diagnostic evaluation and management.

Proteus Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive overgrowth of skin, bones, muscles, and other tissues. It is caused by a mutation in the AKT1 gene, which regulates cell growth and division. The disorder is named after the Greek sea-god Proteus, who could change his shape at will, as people with this condition often have highly variable and asymmetric features.

The symptoms of Proteus Syndrome can vary widely from person to person, but may include:

1. Overgrowth of skin, which can lead to the formation of thickened, rough, or irregular areas of skin (known as "cerebriform" skin) and deep creases or folds.
2. Asymmetric overgrowth of bones, muscles, and other tissues, leading to differences in size and shape between the two sides of the body.
3. The formation of benign tumors (such as lipomas and lymphangiomas) and abnormal blood vessels.
4. Abnormalities of the brain, eyes, and other organs.
5. Increased risk of developing certain types of cancer.

Proteus Syndrome is typically diagnosed based on a combination of clinical features, medical imaging, and genetic testing. There is no cure for the disorder, but treatment is focused on managing symptoms and preventing complications. This may involve surgery to remove tumors or correct bone deformities, physical therapy to improve mobility and strength, and medications to control pain and other symptoms.

Keratoacanthoma is a rapidly growing, dome-shaped, skin tumor that typically arises on sun-exposed areas such as the face, arms, and legs. It is considered a low-grade squamous cell carcinoma (a type of skin cancer) because it shares some characteristics with both benign and malignant tumors.

Keratoacanthomas usually develop over a period of several weeks to months, growing rapidly in size before eventually stabilizing and then gradually regressing on their own within a few months to a year. However, the regression process can take years, and some lesions may not regress completely, leading to cosmetic concerns or even local invasion.

Histologically, keratoacanthomas are characterized by a central keratin-filled crater surrounded by a well-differentiated layer of squamous epithelial cells. The tumor's growth pattern and histological features can make it difficult to distinguish from other types of skin cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma.

Treatment options for keratoacanthomas include surgical excision, cryosurgery, curettage and electrodesiccation, and topical therapies like imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil. The choice of treatment depends on various factors such as the size, location, and number of lesions, as well as patient preferences and overall health status.

Bromthymol Blue is a pH indicator dye that is commonly used in laboratory settings to determine the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is a blue, water-soluble compound that turns yellow in acidic solutions with a pH below 6.0 and can turn green, blue, or purple in solutions with a pH between 6.0 and 7.6, depending on the concentration of hydrogen ions present. At a pH above 7.6, Bromthymol Blue turns bright blue-green.

The chemical formula for Bromthymol Blue is C27H35BrClO5S. It has a molecular weight of 609.64 g/mol and a structural formula that includes a thymol blue core with bromine and chlorine atoms attached to it, along with a sulfonate group that makes the compound water-soluble.

Bromthymol Blue is often used in medical and biological research to measure pH changes in bodily fluids such as urine or blood. It can also be used in environmental testing to monitor water quality and detect acid rain, for example. In addition, Bromthymol Blue has been used in educational settings to teach students about pH and chemical indicators.

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, refer to any medical condition that affects the skin, which is the largest organ of the human body. These diseases can affect the skin's function, appearance, or overall health. They can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, allergies, environmental factors, and aging.

Skin diseases can present in many different forms, such as rashes, blisters, sores, discolorations, growths, or changes in texture. Some common examples of skin diseases include acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, fungal infections, viral infections, bacterial infections, and skin cancer.

The symptoms and severity of skin diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and individual factors. Some skin diseases are mild and can be treated with over-the-counter medications or topical creams, while others may require more intensive treatments such as prescription medications, light therapy, or even surgery.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual or persistent changes in your skin, as some skin diseases can be serious or indicative of other underlying health conditions. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

A "Spindle Cell Nevus" is a type of melanocytic nevus (mole), which is a benign growth that occurs from the uncontrolled multiplication of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells). In a spindle cell nevus, the melanocytes are elongated and take on a spindle shape. This type of nevus is not common and typically appears as a solitary, brown or skin-colored papule or nodule. Spindle cell nevi can be found anywhere on the body but are most commonly located on the scalp and face. They usually occur in adults and are generally considered to have a low malignant potential, although there is a small risk of transformation into a malignant melanoma. It's important to monitor any changes in size, color, or shape of a spindle cell nevus and to have it evaluated by a healthcare professional if there are any concerns.

Iris diseases refer to a variety of conditions that affect the iris, which is the colored part of the eye that regulates the amount of light reaching the retina by adjusting the size of the pupil. Some common iris diseases include:

1. Iritis: This is an inflammation of the iris and the adjacent tissues in the eye. It can cause pain, redness, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and blurred vision.
2. Aniridia: A congenital condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the iris. This can lead to decreased visual acuity, sensitivity to light, and an increased risk of glaucoma.
3. Iris cysts: These are fluid-filled sacs that form on the iris. They are usually benign but can cause vision problems if they grow too large or interfere with the function of the eye.
4. Iris melanoma: A rare type of eye cancer that develops in the pigmented cells of the iris. It can cause symptoms such as blurred vision, floaters, and changes in the appearance of the iris.
5. Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE): A group of rare eye conditions that affect the cornea and the iris. They are characterized by the growth of abnormal tissue on the back surface of the cornea and can lead to vision loss.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of iris diseases, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and preserve your vision.

Hutchinson's melanotic freckle, also known as Hutchinson's melanotic macule or naevus, is a type of pigmented lesion that can be a precursor to malignant melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. It is typically characterized by the presence of darkly pigmented, irregularly shaped patches on the skin, often found on the face or neck.

The lesions are usually brown or black in color and may have an uneven border or surface. They can vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. Hutchinson's melanotic freckles are typically larger, darker, and more irregularly shaped than common freckles.

These lesions are named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, an English surgeon and pathologist who first described them in the late 19th century. It is important to note that while Hutchinson's melanotic freckles can be a sign of increased risk for developing melanoma, not all such lesions will become cancerous. However, any changes in size, shape, or color of these lesions should be evaluated by a healthcare professional as soon as possible.

Eye neoplasms, also known as ocular tumors or eye cancer, refer to abnormal growths of tissue in the eye. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Eye neoplasms can develop in various parts of the eye, including the eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, ciliary body, choroid, retina, and optic nerve.

Benign eye neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as vision changes, eye pain, or a noticeable mass in the eye. Treatment options for benign eye neoplasms include monitoring, surgical removal, or radiation therapy.

Malignant eye neoplasms, on the other hand, can grow and spread rapidly to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as vision changes, eye pain, floaters, or flashes of light. Treatment options for malignant eye neoplasms depend on the type and stage of cancer but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.

It is important to note that early detection and treatment of eye neoplasms can improve outcomes and prevent complications. Regular eye exams with an ophthalmologist are recommended for early detection and prevention of eye diseases, including eye neoplasms.

I believe you are looking for a medical condition or term related to the state of Colorado, but there is no specific medical definition for "Colorado." However, Colorado is known for its high altitude and lower oxygen levels, which can sometimes affect visitors who are not acclimated to the elevation. This can result in symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and headaches, a condition sometimes referred to as "altitude sickness" or "mountain sickness." But again, this is not a medical definition for Colorado itself.

A Mongolian spot is not a medical condition, but rather a benign and common birthmark that appears as a flat, blue-gray or greenish-black patch on the skin. It is most frequently found on newborns and infants of Asian, Native American, African, and Hispanic descent, although it can be found in people of any race.

Mongolian spots are caused by the collection of melanocytes (the cells that produce pigment) in the dermis, which become trapped in the skin during fetal development. They typically appear at birth or within the first few weeks of life and can vary in size, shape, and color.

While Mongolian spots may resemble bruises, they are not painful or harmful to the child's health. In most cases, these spots fade on their own over time, often disappearing completely by the time the child reaches school age. However, in some cases, they may persist into adulthood.

It is important to note that while Mongolian spots are common and harmless, any new or changing skin lesions should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to ensure they are not indicative of a more serious condition.

Hereditary mucosal leukokeratosis is a rare genetic condition characterized by the abnormal growth of white, thickened, and slightly raised lesions or plaques on the mucous membranes. These lesions are primarily composed of keratin, a protein found in the outer layer of the skin, and consist of leukoplakia (white patches) and/or keratosis (thickening of the skin).

The condition typically affects mucous membranes in various parts of the body, such as the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, esophagus, genitals, and anus. The onset usually occurs during infancy or early childhood, and it can cause discomfort, pain, and difficulty with speaking, swallowing, or breathing, depending on the location of the lesions.

Hereditary mucosal leukokeratosis is caused by mutations in the MUC5B gene, which provides instructions for producing a specific type of mucin, a glycoprotein that helps maintain the moistness and integrity of mucous membranes. Inheritance follows an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that only one copy of the altered gene is sufficient to cause the condition.

Management of hereditary mucosal leukokeratosis often involves regular monitoring and removal of the lesions through various methods such as surgical excision, laser therapy, or chemical cauterization. The prognosis for individuals with this condition varies, but many will experience recurring lesions throughout their lives.

Neoplastic pregnancy complications refer to the abnormal growth of cells (neoplasia) that can occur during pregnancy. These growths can be benign or malignant and can arise from any type of tissue in the body. However, when they occur in pregnant women, they can pose unique challenges due to the potential effects on the developing fetus and the changes in the mother's body.

Some common neoplastic pregnancy complications include:

1. Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD): This is a group of rare tumors that occur in the uterus during pregnancy. GTD can range from benign conditions like hydatidiform mole to malignant forms like choriocarcinoma.
2. Breast cancer: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is a type of breast cancer that occurs during pregnancy or within one year after delivery. It can be aggressive and challenging to diagnose due to the changes in the breast tissue during pregnancy.
3. Cervical cancer: Cervical cancer can occur during pregnancy, and its management depends on the stage of the disease and the gestational age. In some cases, treatment may need to be delayed until after delivery.
4. Lung cancer: Pregnancy does not increase the risk of lung cancer, but it can make diagnosis and treatment more challenging.
5. Melanoma: Melanoma is the most common malignant skin cancer during pregnancy. It can spread quickly and requires prompt treatment.

The management of neoplastic pregnancy complications depends on several factors, including the type and stage of the tumor, gestational age, and the patient's wishes. In some cases, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy may be necessary. However, these treatments can have potential risks to the developing fetus, so a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers is often involved in the care of pregnant women with neoplastic complications.

H&E stain Blue nevus Cellular blue nevus Epithelioid blue nevus Malignant blue nevus List of cutaneous conditions List of genes ... A blue nevus of Jadassohn-Tièche (also known as a "common blue nevus", and "nevus ceruleus") is a cutaneous condition ... A blue nevus is a type of coloured mole, typically a single well-defined blue-black bump. The blue colour is caused by the ... Blue nevi may be divided into the following types:: 701 A patch blue nevus (also known as an "acquired dermal melanocytosis", ...
... is difficult to diagnose because of how rare the disease is. Diagnosis is usually based on the ... Chen W, Chen H, Shan G, Yang M, Hu F, Li Q, Chen L, Xu G (August 2017). "Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: our experience and ... Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare disorder that consists mainly of abnormal blood vessels affecting the skin or ... The cause of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is currently unknown. The syndrome is considered sporadic. A patient who is ...
A choroidal nevus can be described as an unambiguous pigmented blue or green-gray choroidal lesion, found at the front of the ... Halo nevi contribute to 5% of all choroidal nevi. The pathogenesis of the halo nevus is not known, but the presence of a halo ... giant choroidal nevus, and choroidal nevus with drusen. It is important to note that these characteristics and forms of nevi ... Sumich, P.; Mitchell, P.; Wang, J.J. (1998). "Choroidal nevi in a white population: the Blue Mountains Eye Study". Archives of ...
Becker's nevus Blue nevus (rarely congenital): A classic blue nevus is usually smaller than 1 cm, flat, and blue-black in color ... Basal cell nevus syndrome Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Dysplastic nevus syndrome Epidermal nevus syndrome Linear nevus ... Pigmented spindle cell nevus Spitz nevus Zosteriform lentiginous nevus Congenital melanocytic nevus These nevi are often ... Hori's nevus Nevus spilus (speckled lentiginous nevus): This lesion includes dark speckles within a tan-brown background. ...
"Melanoma associated with blue nevus and melanoma mimicking cellular blue nevus: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases on the ... A melanocytic nevus (also known as nevocytic nevus, nevus-cell nevus and commonly as a mole) is usually a noncancerous ... Depth Small dermal nevus, with nests of nevus cells (arrows) Congenital versus acquired Congenital nevus: Small to large nevus ... For instance, a small blue or bluish-black spot, often called a blue nevus, is usually benign but often mistaken for melanoma. ...
Intradermal nevi can appear like blue nevi. Eye: Ocular manifestations are frequent in patients with ochronosis; most commonly ... Symptoms of exogenous ochronosis include: Yellow-brown, banana-shaped fibers Caviar-like papules Brown-grey or blue-black ...
... of all reported case of oral nevi. Other presentation of oral nevi includes: Blue nevus, junctional nevus and compound nevus. ... Oral nevi or oral melanocytic nevi, are result of benign proliferations of nevus cells present either in the epithelial layer, ... Nevus cells in the skin and oral mucosa also produce melanin. Oral melanosis can present as black, gray, blue or brown lesions ... Most commonly seen presentation of oral nevi are intramucosal nevi, these are dome shaped brown papules accounting for 64% ...
"Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules") is a cutaneous condition characterized by multiple brown-gray to brown-blue ... Nevus of Ota List of cutaneous conditions Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2- ...
They appear as a red or blue raised lesion on the skin. Typically, they begin during the first four weeks of life, growing ... Other names include capillary hemangioma, strawberry hemangioma,: 593 strawberry birthmark and strawberry nevus. and formerly ... may appear blue and be firm or rubbery on palpation. Mixed hemangiomas can have both features. A minimally proliferative IH is ...
The slate grey nevus is referred to in the Japanese idiom shiri ga aoi (尻が青い), meaning "to have a blue butt", which is a ... The most common color is blue, although they can be blue-gray, blue-black or deep brown. Mongolian spot is a congenital ... Highland Peruvians have the slate grey nevus. As a congenital benign nevus, Mongolian spots do not require treatment and in ... The blue colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are usually located in the surface of the skin (the ...
Conditions that may appear similar include hemangiopericytoma, blue rubber bleb nevus, hemangioma and glomangioma. Prognosis is ...
... and blue nevi. NAME refers to nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibromas, and ephelides. Testicular cancer, particularly Sertoli ... Therefore, Cushing's paper appears to be the first report of this complex.[citation needed] Epithelioid blue nevus List of ... Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms, Syndromes affecting the skin, Syndromes affecting the heart, Syndromes with tumors). ...
... and multiple blue nevi: The 'LAMB' syndrome". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 10 (1): 72-82. doi:10.1016/S0190- ... and blue naevi) syndrome, NAME (nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibromas, and ephelides) syndrome and Carney syndrome (atrial ... cutaneous and mammary myxomas, lentigines, blue naevi, endocrine disorders and testicular tumours). TAN syndrome is ...
... a trait shared with blue nevi, nevus of Ota, and ocular melanosis. As seen in BRAF, mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 are early events in ... Incidence of posterior uveal melanoma is highest among people with light skin and blue eyes. Other risk factors, such as blue ... Uveal nevi are common (5% of Caucasians), but rarely progress to melanoma. Because there are no lymphatic channels to the uveal ... Benign melanocytic tumors, such as iris freckles and moles (nevi), are common and pose no health risks, unless they show signs ...
A blue discoloration was on the left side of his face, and a large nevus was in between his shoulders. His personal items ... The victim wore a light pair of tennis shoes, a sleeveless blue shirt, jeans with a blue bikini bottom in a pocket, and a blue ... She was found wearing a dark blue long-sleeved blouse with white pinstripes, blue jeans, blue bikini panties, and a bra with ... A blue jacket, blue jeans, a black baseball cap, and brown Rockport shoes were found on the skeleton. The Tyler Forensic ...
... schwannomas and epithelioid blue nevi. Myxomata are more common in women than men. A doctor will listen to the heart with a ... Joint pain Blue discoloration of the skin, especially the fingers change color upon pressure, cold, or stress (Raynaud's ...
Blue rubber bleb nevus Sudoriparous angioma - Another rare, benign tumor where eccrine glands of normal number are seen lying ... EAH exists on a spectrum of cutaneous tumors that include eccrine nevus, mucinous eccrine nevus and EAH. Each diagnostic ... Macules: Nevus flammeus Angioma serpiginosum Telangiectasia macularis eruptive perstans EAH is a benign hamartoma and if there ... Vascular malformations: Eccrine nevus - Characterized histopathologically by an increase in eccrine structures but not ...
... are flesh-colored solitary lesions, resembling an intradermal nevus, which may suddenly grow larger and ... darker and become blue-black or black as a result of thrombosis. Skin lesion James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk ( ...
Blue nevus (blue neuronevus, dermal melanocytoma, nevus bleu) Blue nevus of Jadassohn-Tièche (common blue nevus, nevus ceruleus ... melanocytic nevus with intraepidermal ascent of cells) Amelanotic blue nevus (hypomelanotic blue nevus) Balloon cell nevus ... comedo nevus) Nevus comedonicus syndrome Nevus sebaceous (nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn, organoid nevus) Nevus unius lateris ... Cellular blue nevus Centrofacial lentiginosis Congenital melanocytic nevus Deep penetrating nevus Dysplastic nevus (atypical ...
... fibroepithelial polyps Nevus Seborrheic keratosis Adenosis Syringoma Hidradenoma papilliferum Anogential mammary-like glands ... angiofibroma Leiomyoma Granular cell Tumor Malignant melanoma Congenital melanocytic naevus Acquired melanocytic naevus Blue ...
... loop syndrome Bloom syndrome Blount's disease Blue baby syndrome Blue diaper syndrome Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Blue toe ... artery syndrome Superior orbital fissure syndrome Superior vena cava syndrome Supernumerary nipples-uropathies-Becker's nevus ... Phantom limb Phantom vibration syndrome Pickwickian syndrome Pigment dispersion syndrome Pigmented hairy epidermal nevus ... syndrome Dumping syndrome dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome Dysexecutive syndrome Dyskeratosis congenita Dysplastic nevus ...
They are used to remove benign and malignant tumors, treat bunions, debride ulcers and burns, excise epidermal nevi, blue ... rubber bleb nevi, and keloids, and the removal of hypertrophic scars and tattoos. A carbon dioxide laser (CO2) is used in ...
Nevus Sebaceous of Jadassohn: yellow-orange flat plaque, occurring most commonly on the scalp (60%) or face (30%), usually ... Tièche-Jadassohn naevus: A hard, dark blue, benign melanocytic tumor. Jadassohn-Lewandowsky syndrome: An ectodermal dysplasia ...
Blood vessel disorder Bloom syndrome Blount's disease Blue cone monochromatism Blue diaper syndrome Blue rubber bleb nevus BOD ... classic form Basal cell carcinoma Basal cell nevus anodontia abnormal bone mineralization Basal ganglia diseases Basan syndrome ... Bd syndrome Beals syndrome Beardwell syndrome Bébé-Collodion syndrome Becker disease Becker's muscular dystrophy Becker's nevus ...
... including the rarely occurring epitheloid blue nevus. A third condition, the Carney-Stratakis syndrome (CSS), describes the ... Iglesias C, Torrelo A, Colmenero I, Mediero IG, Zambrano A, Requenca L. Isolated multiple congential epithelioid blue naevus. ...
... a vascular tumour occurring in the lining of blood vessels Epithelioid blue nevus, a melanocytic nevus Epithelioid sarcoma-like ... hemangioendothelioma, a group of vascular neoplasms Epithelioid and spindle-cell nevus, a benign melanocytic lesion affecting ...
... including blue rubber bleb nevus, leiomyoma, eccrine spiradenoma, neuroma, dermatofibroma, angiolipoma, neurilemmoma, ...
It is very important to determine at which age the lesion was first noticed because it is more likely to be a benign nevus, or ... It may appear similar to BCEM since the lesion may also be flat, brown or blue-gray, and diffuse throughout the conjunctiva, ... Ocular melanosis (OM) is a blue-gray and/or brown lesion of the conjunctiva that can be separated into benign conjunctival ...
Idiopathic unilateral circumscribed hyperhidrosis Reported association with: Blue rubber bleb nevus Glomus tumor POEMS syndrome ...
Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia Fibroepithelial polyp Clear-cell adenocarcinoma Squamous papilloma Leiomyoma Blue nevus ... "Blue naevus , DermNet New Zealand". www.dermnetnz.org. but mimics other malignant tumors PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial ...
H&E stain Blue nevus Cellular blue nevus Epithelioid blue nevus Malignant blue nevus List of cutaneous conditions List of genes ... A blue nevus of Jadassohn-Tièche (also known as a "common blue nevus", and "nevus ceruleus") is a cutaneous condition ... A blue nevus is a type of coloured mole, typically a single well-defined blue-black bump. The blue colour is caused by the ... Blue nevi may be divided into the following types:: 701 A patch blue nevus (also known as an "acquired dermal melanocytosis", ...
... the common blue nevus and the cellular blue nevus. Tièche, a student of Jadassohn, first described the common blue nevus in ... Two clinically recognized variants of blue nevus exist: ... encoded search term (Blue Nevi) and Blue Nevi What to Read Next ... Combined nevus (a nevus that contains 2 or more separate types of nevi, such as a blue nevus in combination with a compound ... and blue nevi (LAMB) and nevi, atrial myxomas, myxoid tumors (neurofibromas), and ephelides (NAME). Few-to-many blue nevi, ...
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that is characterized by numerous malformations of the venous ... encoded search term (Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome) and Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome What to Read Next on Medscape ... Lower extremity cutaneous lesions described in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, consisting of blue rubbery papules and nodules ... Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome. Updated: Jan 24, 2019 * Author: Basil S Cherpelis, MD; Chief Editor: Dirk M Elston, MD more... ...
In this woman with many nevi and a history of malignant melanoma, biopsy revealed an inflamed blue nevus and was also curative. ... In this woman with many nevi and a history of malignant melanoma, biopsy revealed an inflamed blue nevus and was also curative. ... Histology revealed inflamed blue nevus.. Treatment: The biopsy was also curative for this benign melanocytic lesion.. Note: ... A 37-year-old woman with many nevi and a strong family history of malignant melanoma was having total body skin screenings ...
Cellular blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented tumor in the conjunctiva, where it generally appears as a deep, circumscribed, ... including combined nevus, deep penetrating nevus, compound blue nevus, atypical blue nevus, and malignant blue nevus, have been ... 13 Conjunctival blue nevus appears as a noncystic brown or black-blue mass in the stroma.13,16 Common blue nevus is composed of ... Common blue nevus and cellular blue nevus are extremely uncommon in the conjunctiva.13 Grossniklaus et al10 reported 5 cases of ...
A blue-black melanoma that has irregular and scalloped borders. It has arisen from a dysplastic nevus (the pink-tan region at ... Can a dysplastic nevus turn into melanoma?. Only rarely does a dysplastic nevus turn into melanoma (1, 3). However, dysplastic ... What is a dysplastic nevus?. A dysplastic nevus is a type of mole that looks different from a common mole. (Some doctors use ... Normally, people do not need to have a dysplastic nevus or a common mole removed. One reason is that very few dysplastic nevi ...
Hair Transplant Case Study - 1050 Grafts into Blue Naevus (Nevus). This 55 year old male had a large blue naevus on his left ...
Comments, criticisms and typos are welcome. Please email me at. [email protected]. Jonathan L Rees ...
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that is characterized by numerous malformations of the venous ... encoded search term (Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome) and Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome What to Read Next on Medscape ... Lower extremity cutaneous lesions described in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, consisting of blue rubbery papules and nodules ... Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report with long-term follow-up. Mil Med. 2001 Aug. 166(8):728-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that is characterized by numerous malformations of the venous ... encoded search term (Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome) and Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome What to Read Next on Medscape ... Lower extremity cutaneous lesions described in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, consisting of blue rubbery papules and nodules ... Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome. Updated: Mar 28, 2014 * Author: Basil S Cherpelis, MD; Chief Editor: Dirk M Elston, MD more... ...
A Spitz nevus is a type of noncancerous growth. In this article, learn about the types, diagnosis, and when to see a doctor to ... Often, spitz moles that are black, blue, or dark tan have an irregular border, and are called pigmented Spitz moles. ... Spitz nevus is a rare, non-cancerous skin growth that typically impacts people under 35 years old. Spitz nevus, or Spitz nevi, ... Spitz nevus growths, or Spitz nevi, were once considered a type of skin cancer. They have since been shown to be benign, or non ...
A delayed diagnosis of Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: characterized by refractory iron deficient anemia ...
Search by Diagnosis: "Capsular blue nevus". Show Diagnoses. Week 9: Case 5. Diagnosis: Capsular blue nevus ...
Blue nevus of the oral mucosa is a rare pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes in the lamina propria. This report describes ... av samtlige orale nevi (3 - 5). I én rapport deler den andreplass med sammensatt nevus mens intramucosal nevus er den vanligste ... 8. Pinto A, Raghavendra S, Lee R, Derossi S, Alawi F. Epithelioid blue nevus of the oral mucosa: a rare histologic variant. ... The blue (Jadassohn-Tieche) nevus: a previously unreported intraoral lesion. Int J Oral Surg 1959; 17: 4 - 14. ...
Pouryazdanparast P, Newman M, Mafee M, Haghighat Z, Guitart J, Gerami P. Distinguishing epithelioid blue nevus from blue nevus- ... title = "Distinguishing epithelioid blue nevus from blue nevus-like cutaneous melanoma metastasis using fluorescence in situ ... T1 - Distinguishing epithelioid blue nevus from blue nevus-like cutaneous melanoma metastasis using fluorescence in situ ... Distinguishing epithelioid blue nevus from blue nevus-like cutaneous melanoma metastasis using fluorescence in situ ...
Blue Naevus (nevus) is a rather unusual and harmless mole. The mole is a dark blue color because the pigment cells (melanocytes ... Hair Transplant Case Study - 1050 Grafts into Blue Naevus (Nevus). Home , News , Case Study. , Hair Transplant Case Study - ... This 55 year old male had a large blue naevus on his left temple region since birth and hair loss occurred in the naevus in his ... The plan was to see if the grafts would grow in the nevus and close the gap between the hairline and left temple. The left ...
A case of laparoscopic surgery for blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガープリントを構成します。 ... A case of laparoscopic surgery for blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. / Okabayashi, K.; Hasegawa, H.; Nishibori, H. その他. In: ... A case of laparoscopic surgery for blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. K. Okabayashi, H. Hasegawa, H. Nishibori, Y. Ishii, M. ... Okabayashi K, Hasegawa H, Nishibori H, Ishii Y, Kitajima M. A
Blue nevus of the Prostate. 2010-01-01 Kudva R Hegde P Indian J Urol 2010; 26:301-2 ...
Blue Nevus. A blue nevus is a benign mole that may easily be mistaken for melanoma. It is a blue-black, smooth, raised nodule ... Spindle Cell (Spitz) Nevus. Children may develop a benign lesion called a spindle cell (or Spitz) nevus. The mole is firm, ... Moles (Nevi) and Other Dark Blemishes. Certain moles and dark blemishes increase the risk for skin cancer. Any mole (. nevus. ... Dysplastic (or atypical) nevi.. About 30% of the population has moles called dysplastic nevi, or atypical moles. While they are ...
They appear blue because of the Tyndall effect. Horis Nevus (Courtesy of Professor Goh CL). ... Tags: etiology, Horis Nevus, Névus de Hori, treatment, hori\s nevus, hori nevus, hori\s nevus dermatology, naevus de hori, ... In contrast with Mongolian spots and like the Nevus of Ota, Horis Nevus is surrounded by an extracellular sheath. This ... Clinically, Horis Nevus can coexist with melasma (chloasma, pregnancy mask) and or solar lentigos. It can be difficult to ...
Atypical Compound Nevus moderate atypia 3 -f.jpg. Jason Mayeaux 11/01/2012 Vulvar Dark Colored (brown, blue, gray, black) ... Atypical Compound Nevus moderate atypia 3 -f.jpg ...
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome with Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Hideaki Nakajima , ...
LAMB - Lentigines, atrial myxoma, mucocutaneous myoma, blue nevus syndrome. *NAME - Nevi, atrial myxoma, skin myxoma, ephelides ... In addition, some affected individuals have at least one blue-black mole called a blue nevus. ...
Clinical Images: Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Julia N. Mayba and Kyle Cullingham ...
Blue nevus of the oral mucosa. Case report 2005 * Paula Frid, Emenike R Eribe, Anders Ragne, Ingar Olsen, Tore Bjørnland, Jørn ...
Melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus with neuroblastoma RAS mutation ... On dermoscopy of the nodule, we observed blue-white veil, linear peripheral vessels and depigmented areas; suggestive of ... 4 cm present over congenital melanocytic nevus of size 20 cm over the back with multiple satellite nevi of size 0.5-8 cm. ... Sakhiya J, Sakhiya D, Patel M, Daruwala F. Giant congenital melanocytic nevi successfully treated with combined laser therapy. ...
We investigated nevus and melanoma cells for the presence of the product of the gene p16, using immunohistochemistry. All nevus ... Blue is used for terms that have a relation with the terms in this document, but occur in other documents.. You can navigate ... We investigated nevus and melanoma cells for the presence of the product of the gene p16, using immunohistochemistry. All nevus ... These findings indicate that p16 is a reliable marker to distinguish lymph-node nevi from melanoma metastasis. ...
Blue Nevus 1-9 - Total number as given 34 Blank 20715 341 Size of Largest (Blue Nevus) 1-9 - As given 29 0 - Blank, but ... Dark blue 1888 6 - Light blue 3638 7 - Mismatch 18 8 - Other 14 9 - Blank, but applicable 22 Blank 112 289 Nevus of Iris 1 - ... Blue Nevus ............................. 340 Size of Largest (Blue Nevus) ........................................... 341 ... Nevus of Ota 1-9 - Total number as given 4 Blank 20745 345 Size of Largest (Nevus of Ota) 1-9 - As given 4 Blank 20745 346 ...
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that is characterized by numerous malformations of the venous system that significantly involve the skin and visceral organs. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] However, it was later made famous in 1958, by William Bennett Bean for which the disease has been termed "bean syndrome," later referenced as blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • The etiology of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) remains unknown. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition with about 200 cases reported in the literature. (medscape.com)
  • Skin manifestations of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) typically can be present at birth or evident in early childhood. (medscape.com)
  • The prognosis for blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) depends on the extent of visceral organ involvement and complications related to the degree of symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Suksamanapun N, Trakarnsanga A, Akaraviputh T. Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: imaging of small bowel lesions with peroral CT enterography. (medscape.com)
  • Huang W, Rhodes A. A Case of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome with Gastrointestinal and Central Nervous System Involvement. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report with dermatoscopic features. (medscape.com)
  • Krishnappa A, Padmini J. Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: extensive small bowel vascular lesions responsible for gastrointestinal bleeding. (medscape.com)
  • Nobuhara Y, Onoda N, Fukai K, Hosomi N, Ishii M, Wakasa K. TIE2 gain-of-function mutation in a patient with pancreatic lymphangioma associated with blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome: report of a case. (medscape.com)
  • Yuksekkaya H, Ozbek O, Keser M, Toy H. Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: successful treatment with sirolimus. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with central nervous system involvement. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome in a black patient: a case report. (medscape.com)
  • Esposito C, Giurin I, Farina A, Ascione G, Miele E, Staiano A. Blue rubber bleb nevus: an uncommon cause of intestinal intussusception. (medscape.com)
  • Starr BM, Katzenmeyer WK, Guinto F, Pou AM. The blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case with prominent head and neck findings. (medscape.com)
  • Xu Y, Zhou B, Zhang M, Luo D. An unusual case of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with unilateral linear distribution. (medscape.com)
  • McCarthy JC, Goldberg MJ, Zimbler S. Orthopaedic dysfunction in the blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal cord compression in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome and pulmonary hypertension: an unusual association. (medscape.com)
  • Yarlagadda R, Menda Y, Graham MM. Tc-99m red blood cell imaging in a patient with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Bak YT, Oh CH, Kim JH, Lee CH. Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: endoscopic removal of the gastrointestinal hemangiomas. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: gastrointestinal involvement and its endoscopic presentation. (medscape.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome associated with consumption coagulopathy: treatment with interferon. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic subcutaneous octreotide decreases gastrointestinal blood loss in blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • A 33-year-old woman had presented with some cutaneous and gastrointestinal hemangiomas with iron deficiency anemia three years previously and blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome was diagnosed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare disease accompanied with cutaneous and gastrointestinal vascular malformations and about 150 cases have been reported. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with small and large intestinal lesions that were treated with laparoscopic surgery. (elsevierpure.com)
  • They can also arise on their own or as part of an underlying condition like blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Carney syndrome (complex) is the rare association of blue nevi with other cutaneous and systemic findings. (medscape.com)
  • Additional associations reported with Carney syndrome (complex) include myxoid fibroadenoma of the breast, growth hormone producing pituitary adenoma causing acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, Sertoli cell tumor of the testes, myxoid uterine leiomyomas, acoustic neuroma, blue nevi, and psammomatous melanotic schwannoma. (medscape.com)
  • The Blue Nevus (Jadassohn-Tieche): Its Distinction from Ordinary Moles and Malignant Melanomas. (medscape.com)
  • People who have dysplastic nevi usually also have an increased number of common moles. (cancer.gov)
  • Spitz nevus, or Spitz nevi, often presents as rapidly-growing moles and is common on the head, face, and legs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Spitz nevus tumors are often called Spitz moles or growths. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Often, spitz moles that are black, blue, or dark tan have an irregular border, and are called pigmented Spitz moles. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Pigmented Spitz moles are thought to account for around 10 percent of all classic Spitz nevi. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The mole is a dark blue color because the pigment cells (melanocytes) are deeper in the skin than in commoner brown moles and freckles. (fallonhairrestoration.com)
  • Moles are flesh- to brown-colored macules, papules, or nodules composed of nests of melanocytes or nevus cells. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Blue nevi are benign moles that appear as bluish gray macules or thin papules. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The transformation rate of moles (melanocytic nevi) into cutaneous melanoma: A population-based estimate. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Moles - (also known as nevi or nevus) Moles are a general term for any tan, black, or brown discoloration on the skin that may be present at birth or develop later in life. (laserskinsurgery.com)
  • Just exactly what are venous blue lake moles? (dentistryiq.com)
  • Moles (nevi) are a common type of skin growth. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Clusters of brown spots around the eyes, cheeks and nose are sometimes called flesh moles, but they are actually dermatoses papulosa nigra - a type of seborrheic keratosis, not clusters of pigment-forming cells (nevi). (mayoclinic.org)
  • 701 A patch blue nevus (also known as an "acquired dermal melanocytosis", and "dermal melanocyte hamartoma") is a cutaneous condition characterized by a diffusely gray-blue area that may have superimposed darker macules. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conditions such as melanotic macules, nevi, smoker's melanosis, amalgam and graphite tattoos, racial pigmentation, and vascular blood-related pigments occur with some frequency. (medscape.com)
  • Junctional nevi are well-demarcated evenly pigmented brown macules and patches. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Spitz nevus is a rare, non-cancerous skin growth that typically impacts people under 35 years old. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Spitz nevus growths, or Spitz nevi, were once considered a type of skin cancer . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Spitz nevi were also initially thought to only develop in children. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In most cases, Spitz nevi change as they grow, switching between classic and pigmented forms before eventually fading away. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A Spitz nevus often starts out light-colored and round and progresses into a pigmented Spitz mole. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In a small number of cases, Spitz nevus growths resemble cancerous melanoma tumors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Classic and pigmented Spitz nevi are considered harmless. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Some Spitz nevi eventually disappear, usually leaving only a temporary area of discoloration. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A suspicious Spitz nevus is usually removed by a doctor while it is still benign. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • If doctors are not sure if a Spitz nevus is cancerous, but it displays the potential to be so, the lesion is called a Spitzoid tumor of uncertain malignant potential, or STUMP. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • As with most growths, Spitz nevi develop because of the overproduction and buildup of cells, in this case, skin melanocytes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Researchers are not sure why some people develop Spitz nevus growths, and others do not, or why some growths progress to become Spitzoid melanomas. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, there are a few risk factors that may increase or influence the chances of developing Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Spindle cell and epithelioid cell nevi with atypia and metastasis (malignant Spitz nevus). (medigraphic.com)
  • Spitz nevi and nevus spilus may be seen in CNC. (logicalimages.com)
  • This 55 year old male had a large blue naevus on his left temple region since birth and hair loss occurred in the naevus in his twenties. (fallonhairrestoration.com)
  • Blue Naevus (nevus) is a rather unusual and harmless mole. (fallonhairrestoration.com)
  • Phadke PA, Zembowicz A. Blue nevi and related tumors. (medscape.com)
  • TERT promoter hypermethylation) alterations of TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) in rare cutaneous melanocytic tumors, including spitzoid and blue nevus-like melanomas to gain insights into these challenging melanocytic lesions. (mdanderson.org)
  • 1] Oral melanocytic nevi are benign proliferations of nevus cells in the epithelial layer, the submucosal layer, or both. (medscape.com)
  • Unlike their cutaneous counterparts, oral melanocytic nevi are rare. (medscape.com)
  • Reports mainly based on case reports and case series have shown that the prognosis for oral melanocytic nevi is excellent. (medscape.com)
  • however similar clinical presentations with its malignant counterparts put patients at risk, hence histologic sampling is essential in all oral melanocytic nevi, especially when located in the palate, the most common site of oral melanoma, to exclude and presumably prevent such transformation. (medscape.com)
  • Congenital melanocytic nevi are present at birth or appear shortly after. (medscape.com)
  • Acquired melanocytic nevi begin to appear in early childhood. (medscape.com)
  • In the group of melanocytic nevi (18 cases), intramucosal was the most frequent (9), followed by the blue one (5). (bvsalud.org)
  • Junctional and compound nevi are uncommon, accounting for only 3-6% and 5.9-16.5%, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Junctional nevus (here seen in H&E stain and Melan A stain), where all nests are continuous with the epidermis. (patholines.org)
  • Nail apparatus melanoma is a rare presentation of melanoma and may be misdiagnosed as junctional nevus, subungual hematoma or onychomycosis. (scielo.br)
  • Onychomycosis, subungual hematoma, striated melanonychia and junctional nevus might simulate NAM and must be included in the differential diagnosis. (scielo.br)
  • 701 An amelanotic blue nevus (also known as a "hypomelanotic blue nevus") is a cutaneous condition characterized by mild atypia and pleomorphism. (wikipedia.org)
  • 701 A malignant blue nevus is a cutaneous condition characterized by a sheet-like growth pattern, mitoses, necrosis, and cellular atypia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Non-dysplastic dermal nevus on the ear with minor epidermal atypia, which on this location does not indicate dysplasia. (patholines.org)
  • H&E stain Blue nevus Cellular blue nevus Epithelioid blue nevus Malignant blue nevus List of cutaneous conditions List of genes mutated in pigmented cutaneous lesions Rapini, Ronald P. (wikipedia.org)
  • These lesions may clinically and histologically simulate benign blue nevi. (uky.edu)
  • In contrast, cutaneous lesions are linked directly to fair-skinned and blue-eyed persons with a history of blistering sunburns, and the incidence has increased dramatically (approximately 4-6% per year) over the same period. (medscape.com)
  • Melanocytic lesions, such as blue nevi, are more common on the palate. (medscape.com)
  • The same tests for cutaneous nevi are available for the assessment of mucosal lesions if concern exists after histologic analysis. (medscape.com)
  • Now, I've seen pathology like this before and for the most part passed the nodules off as benign blood blisters or blue nevi lesions. (dentistryiq.com)
  • 701 An epithelioid blue nevus is a cutaneous condition most commonly seen in patients with the Carney complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • I 1996 identifiserte Carney og Ferreiro (11) epiteloid blå nevus hos pasienter med Carneykompleks, et autosomalt-dominant, multippelt neoplasiasyndrom som er karakterisert av kutane pigmentflekker, myksomer i hjerte, i bløtvev og på hud, endokrinhyperaktivitet og i såkalt psammomatøste melanotiske schwannomer. (tannlegetidende.no)
  • ste puede ser espor dico o formar parte del complejo de Carney y en conjunto se caracteriza por su gran tama o, profundidad, moderado pleomorfismo, abundante pigmento y escasez de mitosis. (medigraphic.com)
  • Epithelioid blue nevus occurring in children with no evidenice of Carney complex. (medigraphic.com)
  • We also retrospectively examined 78 congenital nevi of 65 pediatric patients at our institution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Those present at birth (congenital nevi) can be bigger than usual, covering part of the face, torso or a limb. (mayoclinic.org)
  • A blue nevus of Jadassohn-Tièche (also known as a "common blue nevus", and "nevus ceruleus") is a cutaneous condition characterized by a steel-blue papule or nodule. (wikipedia.org)
  • The common blue nevus is the second most common type found in the oral cavity, accounting for 16.5-36% of all oral nevi. (medscape.com)
  • 701 Micrograph of a blue nevus showing the characteristic pigmented melanocytes between bundles of collagen. (wikipedia.org)
  • This photo shows a blue nevus composed of dark pigmented cells (melanocytes). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Examination of histologic sections showed a proliferation of nonatypical and heavily pigmented melanocytes in the superficial dermis and around deep adnexal structures, characteristic of a congenital nevus. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The histologic changes may be indistinguishable from conventional blue nevi or epithelioid blue nevi (EBN), a benign dermal-based melanocytic neoplasm with epithelioid morphology and heavily pigmented cytoplasm. (uky.edu)
  • Epithelioid blue nevi are not exclusively seen in CNC but suggest the possibility of this diagnosis. (logicalimages.com)
  • Blue nevus (BN)-like cutaneous melanoma metastasis is a well-recognized variant of melanoma metastasis. (uky.edu)
  • These findings indicate that p16 is a reliable marker to distinguish lymph-node nevi from melanoma metastasis. (uzh.ch)
  • We report a case of conjunctival blue nevus that clinically resembled primary acquired melanosis and gave rise to conjunctival melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Clinically, Hori's Nevus can coexist with melasma (chloasma, pregnancy mask) and or solar lentigos. (globale-dermatologie.com)
  • Phenotypic characteristics were examined in melanoma-prone southern Swedish CDKN2A (p16-113insArg/p14ARF-128insSer) mutation families, in relation to the CDKN2A genotype, nevi, clinically atypical nevi (CAN) and melanoma. (lu.se)
  • Wong TY, Suster S, Duncan LM, Mihm MC Jr. Nevoid melanoma: a clinicopathological study of seven cases of malignant melanoma mimicking spindle and epithelioid cell nevus and verrucous dermal nevus. (medigraphic.com)
  • A suspected dermal (or intra dermal nevus) generally presents as a dark skin focality . (patholines.org)
  • A dermal nevus infrequently shows multinucleated giant cells as shown. (patholines.org)
  • SOX10 showing dermal nevus nests. (patholines.org)
  • Diagnosis of dermal nevus. (patholines.org)
  • I én rapport deler den andreplass med sammensatt nevus mens intramucosal nevus er den vanligste typen (3). (tannlegetidende.no)
  • Intramucosal nevi are typically light brown and dome-shaped. (medscape.com)
  • Intramucosal nevus on the lower lip. (medscape.com)
  • This biopsy-proven intramucosal nevus on the gingiva is unusual because it is not raised and has an irregular outline. (medscape.com)
  • Intradermal nevus presenting as a skin-colored raised nodule on the scalp. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The periphery of the nodule merged with the surrounding nevus cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Hoang, MP , Rakheja, D & Amirkhan, RH 2003, ' Rosette formation within a proliferative nodule of an atypical combined melanocytic nevus in an adult ', American Journal of Dermatopathology , vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 35-39. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dr. Stacey Gividen examines an 8 mm x 8 mm purple/dark blue raised nodule on the vermilion border of her patient's lower lip. (dentistryiq.com)
  • Taking care of the patient's chief complaint was one thing, but what really caught my eye was an 8 mm x 8 mm purple/dark blue raised nodule on the right side of the vermilion border of her lower lip. (dentistryiq.com)
  • A blue nevus is a type of coloured mole, typically a single well-defined blue-black bump. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another name for a mole is a nevus. (cancer.gov)
  • A dysplastic nevus is a type of mole that looks different from a common mole. (cancer.gov)
  • Some doctors use the term "atypical mole" to refer to a dysplastic nevus. (cancer.gov)
  • A dysplastic nevus may be bigger than a common mole, and its color, surface, and border may be different. (cancer.gov)
  • In addition, some affected individuals have at least one blue-black mole called a blue nevus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Oral pathology case: Venous blue lake mole-what? (dentistryiq.com)
  • It's called a venous blue lake mole. (dentistryiq.com)
  • And I suppose if I dug back far enough into the recesses of my brain, I could maybe remember the name venous blue lake mole from those pathology lectures in dental school. (dentistryiq.com)
  • So, I'm sharing this because, come on, with a cool, legit name like venous blue lake mole, it's definitely one to put in the memory bank to spew out over cocktails and impress your friends, right? (dentistryiq.com)
  • Most commonly found in women and children, blue nevus is a non-cancerous mole that pops up on your gums. (smilesongreatwood.com)
  • If the spot on your gums looks like a mole, then it is probably blue nevus, which is often spotted in children and women. (sharkorthopeds.com)
  • The only thing that stands out is the deep blue color of the mole. (sharkorthopeds.com)
  • Methods: from the records of the histopathological diagnoses, were selected cases of amalgam tattoo, melanotic macule, melanocytic nevus and oral melanoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Intraoral blå nevus finnes ofte hos kvinner mellom tretti og femti år, med en gjennomsnittsalder på 38 år (8). (tannlegetidende.no)
  • Intraoral undersøkelse viste en grå-blå, oval, ikke palpasjonsøm flekk med jevn overflate, 12 mm x 6 mm i størrelse, med noe diffus avgrensning (Figur 1). (tannlegetidende.no)
  • In 1943, Field and Ackermann described the features characteristic of intraoral nevi. (medscape.com)
  • Common skin findings that are in the diagnostic criteria (see Diagnostic Pearls section) include lentigines, cutaneous or mucosal myxomas , and multiple blue nevi. (logicalimages.com)
  • Aunque el melanocitoma epitelioide pigmentado frecuentemente metastatiza en los ganglios linf ticos, tiene mejor pron stico que los melanomas metast sicos convencionales. (medigraphic.com)
  • Few-to-many blue nevi, ephelides, and mucocutaneous lentigines are found in approximately half the patients. (medscape.com)
  • Histology shows nests of nevus cells that would positively express the following immunohistochemical markers: S100, Melan A (MART-1), SOX10, and HMB45. (medscape.com)
  • 30] Only 1 case of recurrence, in a compound nevus, has been reported. (medscape.com)
  • A compound nevus is a well-demarcated brown papule. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Compound nevus , with nevus cells in both dermis and epidermis. (patholines.org)
  • A dysplastic nevus may occur anywhere on the body, but it is usually seen in areas exposed to the sun, such as on the back. (cancer.gov)
  • This location is atypical because most blue nevi occur on the palate. (medscape.com)
  • Blue is used for terms that have a relation with the terms in this document, but occur in other documents. (uzh.ch)
  • Epidermal Nevi - Birthmarks that are light or dark brown and tend to grow thicker over time. (laserskinsurgery.com)
  • Periapical radiography may be helpful in differentiating an amalgam tattoo from a nevus by demonstrating minute opaque particles. (medscape.com)
  • What is a dysplastic nevus? (cancer.gov)
  • A dysplastic nevus can have a mixture of several colors, from pink to dark brown. (cancer.gov)
  • Some examples of dysplastic nevi are shown here. (cancer.gov)
  • This dysplastic nevus has a raised area at the center that doctors may call a "fried egg" appearance. (cancer.gov)
  • This dysplastic nevus is more than 5 millimeters in diameter. (cancer.gov)
  • This dysplastic nevus is more than 10 millimeters wide (a little less than 1/2 inch). (cancer.gov)
  • A dysplastic nevus may also appear in areas not exposed to the sun, such as the breasts and areas below the waist ( 1 , 3 ). (cancer.gov)
  • Some people have only a couple of dysplastic nevi, but other people have more than 10. (cancer.gov)
  • Can a dysplastic nevus turn into melanoma? (cancer.gov)
  • Only rarely does a dysplastic nevus turn into melanoma ( 1 , 3 ). (cancer.gov)
  • However, dysplastic nevi are a risk factor for developing melanoma, and the more dysplastic nevi a person has, the greater their risk of developing melanoma ( 1 , 3 ). (cancer.gov)
  • Researchers estimate that the risk of melanoma is about 10 times greater for someone with more than five dysplastic nevi than for someone who has none. (cancer.gov)
  • What should people do if they have a dysplastic nevus? (cancer.gov)
  • Everyone should protect their skin from the sun and stay away from sunlamps and tanning booths, but for people who have dysplastic nevi, it is even more important to protect the skin and avoid getting a suntan or sunburn. (cancer.gov)
  • In addition, many doctors recommend that people with dysplastic nevi check their skin once a month ( 2 , 4 ). (cancer.gov)
  • 701 A cellular blue nevus is a cutaneous condition characterized by large, firm, blue or blue-black nodules. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nodal and subcutaneous cellular blue nevi. (medscape.com)
  • Cellular blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented tumor in the conjunctiva, where it generally appears as a deep, circumscribed, pigmented conjunctival mass. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Although overall considered "benign", among all the types of oral nevi, one must carefully follow up cases of mucosal cellular blue nevi as these have been reported to have a 5.2-6.3% chance of malignant transformation. (medscape.com)
  • Emley A, Nguyen LP, Yang S, Mahalingam M. Somatic mutations in GNAQ in amelanotic/hypomelanotic blue nevi. (medscape.com)
  • Blå nevus er den nest vanligste typen melaninpigmentert nevus i oral mucosa, med rapportert forekomst fra 16,5 % til 36 % av samtlige orale nevi (3 - 5). (tannlegetidende.no)
  • Blå nevi i oral mucosa kan, i likhet med dem som finnes på hud, inndeles i tre histologiske subtyper: alminnelig, cellulær og epiteloid subtype (2, 8, 9) der alminnelig blå nevus dominerer. (tannlegetidende.no)
  • Oral blue nevi are not reported to undergo malignant transformation. (medscape.com)
  • Although rare, malignant transformation of nevi to melanoma involves the clonal expansion of cells that acquire a selective growth advantage. (medscape.com)
  • 701 A deep penetrating nevus is a type of benign melanocytic skin tumor characterized, as its name suggests, by penetration into the deep dermis and/or subcutis. (wikipedia.org)
  • A bluish-gray to gray-brown benign, melanocytic nevus found usually in the LUMBOSACRAL REGION of dark-skinned people, especially those of East Asian ancestry. (nih.gov)
  • A venous (VEE-nis) malformation close to the skin usually looks like a maroon, blue, or purple spot. (akronchildrens.org)
  • We investigated nevus and melanoma cells for the presence of the product of the gene p16, using immunohistochemistry. (uzh.ch)
  • A positive mutation status (CDKN2A) was correlated to one or more CAN (P=0.007) but neither to blue eyes, red hair colour, heavy freckling nor high number of nevi. (lu.se)
  • The plan was to see if the grafts would grow in the nevus and close the gap between the hairline and left temple. (fallonhairrestoration.com)
  • Histology revealed inflamed blue nevus. (patientcareonline.com)
  • Using conventional histology, it proves sometimes difficult or impossible to differentiate small melanoma metastases from lymph-node nevi. (uzh.ch)