Nocardia
Nocardia asteroides
Opportunistic Infections
Osteitis Deformans
A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry.
Paget's Disease, Mammary
Paget Disease, Extramammary
A rare cutaneous neoplasm that occurs in the elderly. It develops more frequently in women and predominantly involves apocrine gland-bearing areas, especially the vulva, scrotum, and perianal areas. The lesions develop as erythematous scaly patches that progress to crusted, pruritic, erythematous plaques. The clinical differential diagnosis includes squamous cell carcinoma in situ and superficial fungal infection. It is generally thought to be an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis, from which it extends into the contiguous epithelium of hair follicles and eccrine sweat ducts. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1478)
Myositis, Inclusion Body
Progressive myopathies characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies on muscle biopsy. Sporadic and hereditary forms have been described. The sporadic form is an acquired, adult-onset inflammatory vacuolar myopathy affecting proximal and distal muscles. Familial forms usually begin in childhood and lack inflammatory changes. Both forms feature intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in muscle tissue. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1409-10)
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
Mohs Surgery
A surgical technique used primarily in the treatment of skin neoplasms, especially basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. This procedure is a microscopically controlled excision of cutaneous tumors either after fixation in vivo or after freezing the tissue. Serial examinations of fresh tissue specimens are most frequently done.
Actinomyces and nocardia infections in immunocompromised and nonimmunocompromised patients. (1/356)
A retrospective survey of nocardia and actinomyces infections in five local hospitals was conducted over a 3-year period in El Paso, Texas, a border city, in the southwestern United States. The medical records of 42 patients with suspected nocardiosis or actinomycosis were reviewed. One patient was diagnosed with actinomyces and 12 patients with nocardia. Microbiological data included morphologic characteristics, biochemical profile, and susceptibility testing. Predisposing factors included leukemia, renal insufficiency, renal transplant, and lymphoma. No predisposing factors were found in 67% (n = 8) of patients (including the patient with actinomycosis). Twenty-three percent (n = 3) of patients had disseminated disease without evidence of underlying disease or immunosuppression. The mortality and morbidity of these infections appeared to be low. (+info)Nocardia osteomyelitis in a pachymeningitis patient: an example of a difficult case to treat with antimicrobial agents. (2/356)
Antimicrobial agents played a miraculous role in the treatment of bacterial infections until resistant bacteria became widespread. Besides antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, many factors can influence the cure of infection. Nocardia infection may be a good example which is difficult to cure with antimicrobial agents alone. A 66-year-old man developed soft tissue infection of the right buttock and thigh. He was given prednisolone and azathioprine for pachymeningitis 3 months prior to admission. Despite surgical and antimicrobial treatment (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim), the infection spread to the femur and osteomyelitis developed. The case showed that treatment of bacterial infection is not always as successful as was once thought because recent isolates of bacteria are more often resistant to various antimicrobial agents, intracellular parasites are difficult to eliminate even with the active drug in vitro, and infections in some sites such as bone are refractory to treatment especially when the patient is in a compromised state. In conclusion, for the treatment of infections, clinicians need to rely on laboratory tests more than before and have to consider the influence of various host factors. (+info)Disseminated nocardiosis in a bone marrow transplant recipient with chronic GVHD. (3/356)
We describe a case of disseminated nocardiosis in a 53-year-old male allogeneic marrow recipient with chronic GVHD, 15 years post BMT. Six months prior to admission he was treated for recurrent chronic GVHD with corticosteroids with a good response. He deteriorated subsequently while still on steroids requiring admission for fever, anorexia, weight loss, productive cough and progressive dyspnoea. On admission he had multiple nodular lesions on chest roentgenogram and subsequently grew Nocardia farcinica in blood culture. N. farcinica is rare post BMT, has a high mortality, is resistant to various antibiotics and needs prolonged antimicrobial therapy. We report the successful management of our patient with single agent trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. (+info)Immune response to Nocardia brasiliensis antigens in an experimental model of actinomycetoma in BALB/c mice. (4/356)
Nine- to twelve-week-old BALB/c mice were injected in footpads with 10(7) CFU of a Nocardia brasiliensis cell suspension. Typical actinomycetoma lesions, characterized by severe local inflammation with abscess and fistula formation, were fully established by day 28 after infection. These changes presented for 90 days, and then tissue repair with scar formation slowly appeared, with complete healing after 150 days of infection. Some animals developed bone destruction in the affected area. Histopathology showed an intense inflammatory response, with polymorphonuclear cells and hyaloid material around the colonies of the bacteria, some of which were discharged from draining abscesses. Sera from experimental animals were analyzed by Western blotting, and immunodominant antigens P61 and P24 were found as major targets for antibody response. Anti-P24 immunoglobulin M (IgM) isotype antibodies were present as early as 7 days, IgG peaking 45 days after infection. Lymphocyte proliferation with spleen and popliteal lymph node cells demonstrated thymidine incorporation at 7 days after infection, the stimulation index decreasing by day 60. Levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the sera of infected animals. The circulating levels of IFN-gamma increased more than 10 times the basal levels; levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 also increased during the first 4 days of infection. (+info)Cutting edge: protective response to pulmonary injury requires gamma delta T lymphocytes. (5/356)
Gamma delta intraepithelial lymphocytes are thought to coordinate responses to pathogens that penetrate the epithelial barrier. To directly test this, mice were inoculated with Nocardia asteroides. At doses that were nonlethal for control mice, gamma delta-deficient mice became severely ill and died within 14 days. Histologic examination of these lungs demonstrated the presence of severe tissue damage and unimpeded bacterial growth in the gamma delta-deficient mice compared with neutrophilic lesions and clearance of the organism in control mice. Interestingly, ozone exposure that targets a comparable lung region also resulted in diffuse epithelial necrosis associated with a similar lack of neutrophil recruitment in gamma delta-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that gamma delta intraepithelial lymphocytes can protect the host from pathogenic and nonpathogenic insults by targeting the inflammatory response to epithelial necrosis. (+info)Nocardia salmonicida nom. rev., a fish pathogen. (6/356)
An almost complete gene sequence of 16S rDNA of 'Nocardia salmonicida' strain JCM 4826T was determined following cloning and sequencing of the amplified gene. The sequence was aligned with those available for nocardiae and phylogenetic trees inferred using four tree-making algorithms. The organism and the type strain of Nocardia asteroides consistently formed a monophyletic clade with a distant sequence similarity of 97%. However, previous DNA relatedness experiments showed that strain JCM 4826T and Nocardia asteroides ATCC 19247T belong to different genomic species. The organism was also distinguished from representatives of all validly described species of Nocardia using a combination of phenotypic features. The polyphasic evidence showed that the strain merits recognition as a new species of the genus Nocardia. The name proposed for the new species is Nocardia salmonicida nom. rev. (+info)Nasal nocardiosis in a calf. (7/356)
Nasal nocardiosis was found in a female Japanese Black calf, 11 months of age. Macroscopically, the posterior half of the left nasal passage was completely obstructed by yellowish brown caseous substance and the mucosa was irregularly thickened. In the brain, a few soft brown foci were present in the olfactory bulb and frontal lobe. Microscopically, there were closely packed granulomas in the nasal cavity and brain. The lesions were characterized by a center of cellular debris surrounded by epithelioid macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells of the Langhans type. Special stains revealed the presence of a large number of filamentous branching gram-positive, partially acid-fast organisms in these epithelioid cells and giant cells, and in cellular debris. (+info)Nocardia thyroiditis: unusual location of infection. (8/356)
Nocardia asteroides complex is an important opportunistic agent in immunocompromised hosts. Usually, primary pulmonary infection occurs and is followed by dissemination of the pathogen to the central nervous system and soft tissues. As described in the literature, almost every organ can be infected, but to our knowledge, Nocardia has been described as a pathogen responsible for thyroid abscess in only one report, which was published in 1993. The present report is the second case report of Nocardia thyroiditis. The patient was under immunosuppressor treatment following a combined liver-kidney transplant and presented with a preexisting nodular goiter which was probably a predisposing factor to the start and development of the thyroid infection. (+info)Nocardia infections are caused by aerobic, gram-positive bacteria of the genus Nocardia, which often lead to pulmonary or disseminated diseases, primarily affecting individuals with weakened immune systems, and characterized by abscess formation in various organs.
Nocardia infections are caused by Nocardia species, a type of gram-positive, aerobic, filamentous bacteria that can be found in soil, dust, and decaying vegetation. These infections primarily affect the lungs (pulmonary nocardiosis) when the bacteria are inhaled but can also spread to other parts of the body, causing disseminated nocardiosis. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, organ transplants, or long-term steroid use, are at a higher risk of developing Nocardia infections. Symptoms vary depending on the site of infection and may include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, skin abscesses, brain abscesses, or joint inflammation. Diagnosis typically involves microbiological culture and identification of the bacteria from clinical samples, while treatment usually consists of long-term antibiotic therapy, often involving multiple drugs.
Nocardia is a genus of aerobic, gram-positive, filamentous bacteria that often exist as branching filaments and can cause various localized and disseminated infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals (Brennan, 2013).
Nocardia is a genus of aerobic, gram-positive, filamentous bacteria that can be found in soil, water, and decaying vegetation. It is known to cause various infectious diseases in humans and animals, known as nocardiosis. The infection often enters the body through inhalation, skin wounds, or surgical procedures. Nocardia species are opportunistic pathogens, meaning they mainly cause disease in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, organ transplants, or cancer. The infection can affect various organs, including the lungs, brain, skin, and eyes, leading to symptoms like cough, fever, chest pain, weight loss, and skin abscesses. Proper diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics are crucial for managing nocardiosis.
Nocardia asteroides is a gram-positive, aerobic, branching, filamentous bacterium that typically exists as a saprophyte in soil and can cause localized or disseminated opportunistic infections in humans and animals, often affecting the lungs, brain, or skin.
"Nocardia asteroides" is a species of aerobic, gram-positive bacteria that can be found in soil and water. It is a type of actinomycete that can cause various infectious diseases in humans and animals, known as nocardiosis. The bacterium has the ability to form branching filaments, which can resemble fungal hyphae, and it often forms hard, rough colonies on culture media. Nocardia asteroides is known for its resistance to various antibiotics and can cause a range of clinical manifestations, including pulmonary, cutaneous, and disseminated infections. It is typically treated with drugs such as sulfonamides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or imipenem.
Opportunistic Infections are defined as infections caused by pathogens that take advantage of impaired host immune functions, occurring more frequently and severely in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, or with inherited immunodeficiency disorders.
Opportunistic infections (OIs) are infections that occur more frequently or are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems, often due to a underlying condition such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, or organ transplantation. These infections are caused by microorganisms that do not normally cause disease in people with healthy immune function, but can take advantage of an opportunity to infect and cause damage when the body's defense mechanisms are compromised. Examples of opportunistic infections include Pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, candidiasis (thrush), and cytomegalovirus infection. Preventive measures, such as antimicrobial medications and vaccinations, play a crucial role in reducing the risk of opportunistic infections in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Osteitis deformans, also known as Paget's disease of bone, is a chronic disorder characterized by disorganized and excessive bone remodeling, leading to enlarged and deformed bones that may become fragile and prone to fractures.
Osteitis deformans, also known as Paget's disease of bone, is a chronic disorder of the bone characterized by abnormal turnover and remodeling of the bone. In this condition, the bone becomes enlarged, thickened, and deformed due to excessive and disorganized bone formation and resorption.
The process begins when the bone-remodeling cycle is disrupted, leading to an imbalance between the activity of osteoclasts (cells that break down bone) and osteoblasts (cells that form new bone). In Paget's disease, osteoclasts become overactive and increase bone resorption, followed by an overzealous response from osteoblasts, which attempt to repair the damage but do so in a disorganized manner.
The affected bones can become weakened, prone to fractures, and may cause pain, deformities, or other complications such as arthritis, hearing loss, or neurological symptoms if the skull or spine is involved. The exact cause of Paget's disease remains unknown, but it is believed that genetic and environmental factors play a role in its development.
Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage the symptoms and prevent complications associated with osteitis deformans. Treatment options include medications to slow down bone turnover, pain management, and orthopedic interventions when necessary.
Paget's disease of the breast is a rare form of breast cancer that is characterized by the presence of Paget cells, which are malignant epithelial cells found within the nipple and areola, often accompanied by an underlying ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma.
Paget's disease of the nipple, also known as Paget's disease of the breast, is a rare type of cancer that starts in the breast ducts and spreads to the skin of the nipple and areola. The symptoms often include redness, itching, tingling, or burning of the nipple, which can also become flaky, scaly, or crusty. There may also be a discharge from the nipple.
The exact cause of Paget's disease is not known, but it is thought to be associated with underlying breast cancer in about 90% of cases. It is more common in women over the age of 50 and is usually diagnosed through a biopsy of the affected skin. Treatment typically involves removing the affected breast tissue, which may include a mastectomy, followed by radiation therapy.
It's important to note that Paget's disease of the nipple is different from benign paget's disease of the breast, which is a non-cancerous condition that can cause similar symptoms but does not spread to other parts of the body.
Extramammary Paget disease is a rare cutaneous malignancy characterized by the presence of paget cells, typically involving the apocrine gland-rich skin areas such as the genitalia, perianal and axillary regions, and less commonly, other areas of the body, often associated with an underlying adenocarcinoma.
Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a rare skin condition that typically affects the genital or anal areas, but can also occur in other areas such as the axillae (armpits) or male nipples. It is named similar to Paget's disease of the breast, but they are different conditions. EMPD is not related to breast cancer.
EMPD is characterized by the presence of abnormal cells called Paget cells in the skin. These cells can invade the surrounding tissue and may spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). The exact cause of EMPD is unknown, but it's thought to be associated with an underlying malignancy such as an adenocarcinoma in the adjacent area.
Symptoms of EMPD can include redness, itching, burning, or pain in the affected area. There may also be scaling, crusting, or oozing of the skin. The lesions associated with EMPD are typically slow-growing and can be mistaken for eczema, psoriasis, or other benign skin conditions.
Diagnosis of EMPD is usually made through a biopsy of the affected skin. Treatment typically involves surgical excision of the lesion, with wide margins to ensure complete removal of the abnormal cells. In some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be recommended if there are signs of spread (metastasis) to other parts of the body. Regular follow-up is important to monitor for recurrence or metastasis.
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare, progressive, and chronic inflammatory muscle disorder characterized by muscle weakness, inflammatory cell invasion, and the presence of characteristic inclusion bodies within muscle fibers, primarily affecting older adults with a predilection for the distal and proximal limb muscles and pharyngeal muscles.
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare inflammatory muscle disease characterized by progressive weakness and wasting (atrophy) of skeletal muscles. The term "inclusion body" refers to the presence of abnormal protein accumulations within muscle fibers, which are observed under a microscope during muscle biopsy. These inclusions are primarily composed of aggregated forms of amyloid-β and tau proteins, similar to those found in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
IBM typically affects individuals over 50 years old, and it is more common in men than women. The disease usually starts with weakness in the wrist and finger flexors, making it difficult to perform tasks such as gripping, buttoning shirts, or lifting objects. Over time, the weakness spreads to other muscle groups, including the thigh muscles (quadriceps), resulting in difficulty climbing stairs or rising from a seated position.
The exact cause of inclusion body myositis remains unclear; however, both immune-mediated and degenerative mechanisms are believed to contribute to its pathogenesis. Currently, there is no cure for IBM, and treatment options are primarily aimed at managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Immunosuppressive medications may be used to target the inflammatory component of the disease; however, their efficacy varies among patients. Physical therapy and exercise programs can help maintain muscle strength and function as much as possible.
"Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating", also known as "Non-invasive Ductal Carcinoma" or "In situ Ductal Carcinoma", is a medical term used to describe an early stage of breast cancer where abnormal cells have formed within the milk ducts but have not spread beyond them into the surrounding breast tissue.
Intraductal carcinoma, noninfiltrating is a medical term used to describe a type of breast cancer that is confined to the milk ducts of the breast. It is also sometimes referred to as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Noninfiltrating means that the cancer cells have not spread beyond the ducts into the surrounding breast tissue or elsewhere in the body.
In this type of cancer, abnormal cells line the milk ducts and fill the inside of the ducts. These abnormal cells may look like cancer cells under a microscope, but they have not grown through the walls of the ducts into the surrounding breast tissue. However, if left untreated, noninfiltrating intraductal carcinoma can progress to an invasive form of breast cancer where the cancer cells spread beyond the milk ducts and invade the surrounding breast tissue.
It is important to note that while noninfiltrating intraductal carcinoma is considered a precancerous condition, it still requires medical treatment to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy, depending on the size and location of the tumor and other individual factors.
Mohs surgery is a precise surgical technique used to treat common and rare types of skin cancer, where the surgeon progressively removes thin layers of tissue and examines them microscopically for cancer cells until no remaining malignant cells are found, ensuring complete tumor removal with minimal loss of healthy tissue.
Mohs surgery, also known as Mohs micrographic surgery, is a precise surgical technique used to treat common types of skin cancer. It's primarily used for basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas that have recurred, are large, aggressive, or in critical areas where preservation of healthy tissue is important, such as the face.
The procedure involves removing the visible tumor along with a thin layer of surrounding tissue. This layer is then processed and examined under a microscope while the patient waits. If cancer cells are found in the margin of the removed tissue, another layer of tissue is taken from that specific area and examined. This process continues until no cancer cells are found in the margins, ensuring complete removal of the tumor while minimizing the removal of healthy tissue.
The main advantage of Mohs surgery is its ability to accurately assess the depth and extent of the cancer, leading to high cure rates and improved cosmetic outcomes. However, it's a specialized procedure that requires extensive training and should be performed by a fellowship-trained Mohs surgeon.
In anatomical terms, nipples are small areas of highly sensitive skin, rich in nerve endings and smooth muscle fibers, that top the mammary glands on mammals, including humans, and serve as the point of attachment for breastfeeding in newborns.
A nipple is a small projection or tubular structure located at the center of the areola, which is the darker circle of skin surrounding the nipple on the breast. The primary function of the nipple is to provide a pathway for milk flow from the mammary glands during lactation in females.
The nipple contains smooth muscle fibers that contract and cause the nipple to become erect when stimulated, such as during sexual arousal or cold temperatures. Nipples can come in various shapes, sizes, and colors, and some individuals may have inverted or flat nipples. It is essential to monitor any changes in the appearance or sensation of the nipples, as these could be indicative of underlying medical conditions, such as breast cancer.
Nocardia
In about 25-33% of people Nocardia infection takes the form of encephalitis and/or brain abscess formation. Nocardia may also ... Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, Nocardia farcinica, and Nocardia nova. Nocardia asteroides is most frequently found species causing ... Most Nocardia infections are acquired by inhalation of the bacteria or through traumatic introduction. Nocardia colonies have a ... Jodlowski TZ, Melnychuk I, Conry J (October 2007). "Linezolid for the treatment of Nocardia spp. infections". The Annals of ...
Chronic granulomatous disease
Nocardia. Fungi Aspergillus species. Aspergillus has a propensity to cause infection in people with CGD and of the Aspergillus ... August 2002). "Nocardia infection in chronic granulomatous disease". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 35 (4): 390-4. doi:10.1086/ ... is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the prevention of infection in CGD. It has been shown to reduce infections ... hydrogen peroxide being made by the organism and use it to fight off the infection. In infections by organisms that have ...
Larimichthys crocea
Farms have experienced outbreaks of Nocardia seriolae infections. The IUCN classifies this species as Critically Endangered as ...
Nocardia farcinica
"A case of community-acquired pneumonia due to influenza A virus and Nocardia farcinica co-infection". Journal of Infection and ... Torres, O. H.; Domingo, P.; Pericas, R.; Boiron, P.; Montiel, J. A.; Vázquez, G. (3 April 2000). "Infection Caused by Nocardia ... Nocardia farcinica is a species of bacteria, once thought to be associated with farcy, and a member of the genus Nocardia. This ... "Cefotaxime-resistant Nocardia asteroides strains are isolates of the controversial species Nocardia farcinica". Journal of ...
Nocardiosis
It is due to infection by a bacterium of the genus Nocardia, most commonly Nocardia asteroides or Nocardia brasiliensis. It is ... In patients with brain nocardia infection, mortality exceeds 80%; in other forms, mortality is 50%, even with appropriate ... Another well publicized find is that of Nocardia as part of the oral microflora. Nocardia spp. have been reported in the normal ... Currently, skin and soft tissue infections have a 100% cure rate, and pleuropulmonary infections have a 90% cure rate with ...
Bronchiectasis
Recent studies have also shown Nocardia infections to been implicated in bronchiectasis. Impairments in host defenses that lead ... Aggressively treating bronchial infections with antibiotics to prevent the destructive cycle of infection, damage to bronchi ... Nontuberculous mycobacteria infections such as Mycobacterium avium complex are found to be a cause in some patients. ... Bacterial infections commonly associated with bronchiectasis include P. aeruginosa, H. influenzae, and S. pneumoniae. Gram- ...
Alemtuzumab
"Pulmonary Nocardia beijingensis infection associated with the use of alemtuzumab in a patient with multiple sclerosis". ... Brownlee WJ, Chataway J (May 2017). "Opportunistic infections after alemtuzumab: New cases of norcardial infection and ... Clerico M, De Mercanti S, Artusi CA, Durelli L, Naismith RT (May 2017). "Active CMV infection in two patients with multiple ... Alemtuzumab is contraindicated in patients who have active infections, underlying immunodeficiency (e.g., seropositive for HIV ...
Nocardiaceae
Some species colonize animals, and members of the Nocardia and Rhodococcus genera can cause infection in humans and livestock. ... Continuous culture studies with Nocardia amarae from activated sludge and their implications for Nocardia foaming control. ... Nocardia spp. may be mistaken for mycobacteria when viewed under a microscope following an acid-fast stain. Nocardia species ... Polymer addition as a solution to Nocardia foaming problems. Water Enviro. Res., 69:25-27. Ho, C.F., Jenkins, D. 1991 Effect of ...
Ring-enhancing lesion
In the brain, it can occur with an early brain abscess as well as in Nocardia infections associated with lung cavitary lesions ...
Nocardia asteroides
... is a species of Nocardia. It can cause nocardiosis, a severe pulmonary infection in immunocompromised hosts ... "A Case of Nocardia asteroides Infection in a Patient with HIV/AIDS Diagnosed by Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial ... Type strain of Nocardia asteroides at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Portal: Biology v t e (Articles with short ... Roth A, Andrees S, Kroppenstedt RM, Harmsen D, Mauch H (2003). "Phylogeny of the genus Nocardia based on reassessed 16S rRNA ...
Ground-glass opacity
... nocardia infection, some fungal pneumonias, and septic emboli. Schistosomiasis, a parasitic infection, also commonly presents ... Most bacterial infections lead to lobar consolidation, while atypical pneumonias may cause GGOs. It is important to note that ... Pneumocystis pneumonia, an infection typically seen in immunocompromised (e.g. patients with AIDS) or immunosuppressed ... General etiologies include infections, interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and neoplasm. A ...
Linezolid
Jodlowski TZ, Melnychuk I, Conry J (October 2007). "Linezolid for the treatment of Nocardia spp. infections". Annals of ... January 2009). "Complicated skin and skin-structure infections and catheter-related bloodstream infections: noninferiority of ... infection of the bone and bone marrow); and uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by S. pyogenes or S. aureus. ... The main uses are infections of the skin and pneumonia although it may be used for a variety of other infections including drug ...
Infection
The acid-fast staining procedure identifies the Actinomycetota genera Mycobacterium and Nocardia. Biochemical tests used in the ... Urinary tract infection Skin infection Respiratory tract infection Odontogenic infection (an infection that originates within a ... An infection that is inactive or dormant is called a latent infection. An example of a latent bacterial infection is latent ... Persistent infections occur because the body is unable to clear the organism after the initial infection. Persistent infections ...
Brain abscess
... and Nocardia Congenital heart disease-Aerobic and microaerophilic streptococci, and S. aureus HIV infection-T. gondii, ... ear infection, dental abscess, infection of paranasal sinuses, infection of the mastoid air cells of the temporal bone, ... The infection may also be introduced through a skull fracture following a head trauma or surgical procedures. Brain abscess is ... The location of the primary lesion may be suggested by the location of the abscess: infections of the middle ear result in ...
Actinomyces
Clinical laboratories do culture and isolate them, but a negative result does not rule out infection, because it may be due ... In all of the preceding traits and in their branching filament formation, they bear similarities to Nocardia. Like various ... Actinomycota are normally present in the gums, and are the most common cause of infection in dental procedures and oral ... Sullivan, DC; Chapman, SW (2010), "Bacteria that masquerade as fungi: actinomycosis/nocardia", Proc Am Thorac Soc, 7 (3): 216- ...
Classification of pneumonia
A lobar pneumonia is an infection that only involves a single lobe, or section, of a lung. Lobar pneumonia is often due to ... and Nocardia species), viruses (eg, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus A and influenza B, and ... In most cases patients with NP have fever, cough and bad breath, and those with more indolent infections have weight loss. ... The resulting lung inflammation is not an infection but can contribute to one, since the material aspirated may contain ...
Pathogenic bacteria
Bacterial skin infections include: Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection commonly seen in children. It is ... Other groups of intracellular bacterial pathogens include Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Listeria, ... Streptoccal infections include sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. These infections can become serious creating a systemic ... Phage therapy, using bacteriophages can also be used to treat certain bacterial infections. Infections can be prevented by ...
Mycetoma
Since the bacterial form and the fungal form of mycetoma infection of the foot share similar clinical and radiological features ... Some common causative agents are: Madurella mycetomatis (fungus) Nocardia brasiliensis (bacteria) Actinomadure madura (bacteria ... It can take between 3 months to 50 years from time of infection to first seeking healthcare advice. Diagnosis requires ... Karrakchou, B; Boubnane, I; Senouci, K; Hassam, B (10 January 2020). "Madurella mycetomatis infection of the foot: a case ...
Amikacin
This includes joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. It is ... The only Gram-positive bacteria that amikacin strongly affects are Staphylococcus and Nocardia. Amikacin can also be used to ... Rhodococcus equi, which causes an infection resembling tuberculosis Respiratory tract infections, including as an adjunct to ... is used to treat subcutaneous infections that are caused by Staphylococcus. For infections in the limbs or joints, it is often ...
Rothia dentocariosa
Like other Rothia infections reported in the literature, once the cause of infection was identified, this responded fully to ... Variable or pleomorphic in shape and similar to Actinomyces and Nocardia, Rothia was only defined as a genus in 1967. Rothia ... One case reports on a fatal Rothia dentocariosa infection of a fetus in utero. Another reports the bacterium was responsible ... Morris SK, Nag S, Suh KN, A Evans G (May 2004). "Recurrent chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated infection due to ...
Adenoid
... infection may cause symptoms such as excessive mucus production, which can be treated by its removal. Studies have ... Species of bacteria such as lactobacilli, anaerobic streptococci, actinomycosis, Fusobacterium species, and Nocardia are ... In response, the adenoid produces T cells and B cells to combat infection, contributing to the synthesis of IgA immunoglobulins ...
Catalase
This chronic infection is typically surrounded by macrophages in an attempt to isolate the infection. This wall of macrophages ... Some catalase-positive bacteria and fungi include: nocardia, pseudomonas, listeria, aspergillus, candida, E. coli, ... Infection with the murine leukemia virus causes catalase activity to decline in the lungs, heart and kidneys of mice. ... Other catalase-positive organisms include Listeria, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Burkholderia cepacia, Nocardia, the family ...
Tooth decay
Death of the pulp tissue and infection are common consequences. The tooth will no longer be sensitive to hot or cold but can be ... Nocardia spp., and Streptococcus mutans. Bacteria collect around the teeth and gums in a sticky, creamy-coloured mass called ... In highly progressed cases, an infection can spread from the tooth to the surrounding soft tissues. Complications such as ... In response, the fluid inside the tubules brings immunoglobulins from the immune system to fight the bacterial infection. At ...
Bronchopleural fistula
It can develop following pneumonectomy, lung ablation, post-traumatically, or with certain types of infection. It may also ... Infectious causes include tuberculosis, Actinomyces israelii, Nocardia, and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Malignancy and trauma can ...
Actinomycosis
About 70% of infections are due to either Actinomyces israelii or A. gerencseriae. Infection can also be caused by Streptomyces ... Sullivan, D. C.; Chapman, S. W. (12 May 2010). "Bacteria That Masquerade as Fungi: Actinomycosis/Nocardia". Proceedings of the ... The three most common sites of infection are decayed teeth, the lungs, and the intestines. Actinomycosis infections are ... In animals, they normally live in the small spaces between the teeth and gums, causing infection only when they can multiply ...
Vancomycin
It is used intravenously (injection into a vein) as a treatment for complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, ... formerly designated Nocardia orientalis). Vancomycin exhibits atropisomerism-it has multiple chemically distinct rotamers owing ... "Eradication of MRSA ventilator-associated infection with inhaled vancomycin". Respiratory Infections. pp. OA4655. doi:10.1183/ ... Furthmore, the sort of infections treated with vancomycin may also cause AKI and sepsis is the most common cause of AKI in ...
Gordonia (bacterium)
Though infections are generally treated with antibiotics, surgical procedures are sometimes used to contain infections. Some ... and Nocardia genera. Gordonia bacteria are aerobic, motile, and non-sporulating. Gordonia is from the same lineage that ... However, since G. bronchialis infections can present with minimal and mild symptoms, few reporst of G. bronchialis infections ... Bone and Joint Infections, Clinical Microbiology: Diagnosis, Treatments and Prophylaxis of Infections, Academic Press, vol. 2, ...
List of MeSH codes (C01)
... nocardia infections MeSH C01.252.410.040.692.606 - maduromycosis MeSH C01.252.410.090 - bacillaceae infections MeSH C01.252. ... bacteroides infections MeSH C01.252.400.126 - bartonellaceae infections MeSH C01.252.400.126.100 - bartonella infections MeSH ... moraxellaceae infections MeSH C01.252.400.560.022 - acinetobacter infections MeSH C01.252.400.610 - mycoplasmatales infections ... salmonella infections, animal MeSH C01.252.400.310.821.873 - typhoid fever MeSH C01.252.400.310.850 - serratia infections MeSH ...
Corneal ulcer
Protozoa infection like Acanthamoeba keratitis is characterized by severe pain and is associated with contact lens users ... Nocardia, N. gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis as well as many other bacteria. Fungal keratitis causes deep and severe ... This is most commonly seen in Pseudomonas infection, but it can be caused by other types of bacteria or fungi. These infectious ... In ophthalmology, a corneal ulcer usually refers to having an infection, while the term corneal abrasion refers more to a ...
Mycobacterium leprae
The symptoms of a Mycobacterium leprae infection, also known as leprosy, are skin sores that are pale in color, lumps or bumps ... McMurray DN (1996). "Mycobacteria and Nocardia.". In Baron S., et al. (eds.). Baron's Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). ... The bacteria grow best at 27 to 30°C, making the skin, nasal mucosa and peripheral nerves primary targets for infection by ... High rates of Mycobacterium leprae infection were observed in armadillos in the Brazilian state of Pará, and individuals who ...
Lung cancer patient with Tropheryma whipplei and Nocardia co-infection. | Read by QxMD
... and Nocardia . Although TW infection has been reported in cancer patients, co-infection with Nocardia is a unique occurrence in ... Lung cancer patient with Tropheryma whipplei and Nocardia co-infection.. Yuli Zhou, Nan Yang, Senlin Ruan, Shenghai Wu, Daojun ... the patient was a young adult with normal immunity and an early-stage tumor with TW and Nocardia co-infection. We demonstrated ... Urinary Tract Infections: Core Curriculum 2024.Hawra Al Lawati, Barbra M Blair, Jeffrey LarnardAmerican Journal of Kidney ...
An immunosuppressed patient with systemic vasculitis suffering from cerebral abscesses due to Nocardia farcinica identified by...
An immunosuppressed patient with systemic vasculitis suffering from cerebral abscesses due to Nocardia farcinica identified by ... Nocardia / isolation & purification* * Nocardia Infections / complications* * Polymerase Chain Reaction * RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ... An immunosuppressed patient with systemic vasculitis suffering from cerebral abscesses due to Nocardia farcinica identified by ...
Glucocorticoid News, Research - Page 2
Case report on Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis and SARS-CoV-2 concomitant infection In a recent case report published in the U.S. ... Researchers discover how corticosteroids influence inflammatory response during COVID-19 infection Since the start of the COVID ... and diagnostic tests for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection Researchers explored SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/interest (VOC/VOI) ...
Nocardia - Wikipedia
In about 25-33% of people Nocardia infection takes the form of encephalitis and/or brain abscess formation. Nocardia may also ... Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, Nocardia farcinica, and Nocardia nova. Nocardia asteroides is most frequently found species causing ... Most Nocardia infections are acquired by inhalation of the bacteria or through traumatic introduction. Nocardia colonies have a ... Jodlowski TZ, Melnychuk I, Conry J (October 2007). "Linezolid for the treatment of Nocardia spp. infections". The Annals of ...
Emerging Infectious Diseases - CDC
co-infection have been reported during or after a COVID-19 infection. Nocardia spp. are gram-positive aerobic actinomycetes ... We also summarize the literature for no-cardiosis and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections. Nocardia spp. infection should remain a part of ... Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis Co-infection in SARS-CoV-2 Patients [PDF - 1.21 MB - 5 pages] D. Stamos et al. View Abstract. Cite ... Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis Co-infection in SARS-CoV-2 Patients. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2023;29(4):696-700. doi:10.3201/ ...
Infections After Solid Organ Transplantation: Practice Essentials, Background Concepts, Immunosuppressive Drugs Used in Solid...
Nocardia infections may present in a localized or disseminated pattern. Nocardia are aerobic bacteria that stain weakly acid- ... However, CMV infection can result from allograft infection, blood products, or natural infection posttransplantation among CMV- ... deep-seated Nocardia infection; herpes simplex virus, EBV, CMV, and HHV-6 infections; fungal complications such as Aspergillus ... Husain S, McCurry K, Dauber J, Singh N, Kusne S. Nocardia infection in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. ...
Questions & Answers
... lymphocutaneous infection (sporotrichoid nocardiosis), or subcutaneous infection (actinomycetoma). ... Primary cutaneous nocardiosis manifests as cutaneous infection (cellulitis or abscess), ... Secular trends of nocardia infection over 15 years in a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Aug. 57(8):807-12. [QxMD ... Nocardia Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter European Case-control Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 1 ...
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NORDITROPIN - biam2
Mammary Paget Disease: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology and Etiology
QMPS DC305 Pathogen Codes and Information | Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
O Mold D Streptococcus dysgalactiae O Nocardia spp. E Escherichia coli O Other F Enterococcus spp. O Proteus spp. G Lactococcus ... Nocardia spp infections do not respond to antibiotic treatment. Management * Special care during disinfection (swabbing teat ... Nocardia species (Nocardia spp (O)) Nocardia spp are organisms found in the soil, water, grass and on skin and may cause ... Nocardia spp can be spread animal to animal at milking. Nocardia spp may cause subclinical or clinical mastitis with reduced ...
David Epstein's Profile | Stanford Profiles
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous. *Nocardia Infections. *Bronchiolitis Obliterans. *Graft Versus Host Disease. * ... Eremothecium coryli bloodstream infection in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: first case report of human infection ... Unusual opportunistic infections have been described. Vaccination is an important tool in preventing infections, though vaccine ... Five patients (2.7%) had >1 missed infection. Of the 41 missed infections, 18 (43.9%) were viral, 16 (39.0%) were fungal, 5 ( ...
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Research Labs and Institutes | Johns Hopkins Medicine
Research Areas: medical education, nocardia infections, infectious disease, AIDS, HIV, Lyme disease, hepatitis C ... Research in the Michael Melia Lab focuses primarily on nocardia infections, Lyme disease and he...patitis C. Our studies have ... Research Areas: menstrual disorder, HIV, sexually transmitted infections, adolescent sexual and reproductive healthcare, STIs ... projects in the sexual and reproductive health field related to the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections ...
Nocardia puris brain abscess in an immunocompromised woman | Microbiology Society
Nocardia puris is a rare cause of infection worldwide, with very few published cases. Here we report the first case to our ... First clinical isolates of Nocardia carnea, Nocardia elegans, Nocardia paucivorans, Nocardia puris and Nocardia takedensis in ... Menendez R., Cordero P.J., Santos M., Gobernado M., Marco V. ( 1997). Pulmonary infection with Nocardia species: a report of 10 ... Reddy A.K., Garg P., Kaur I. ( 2010a). Speciation and susceptibility of Nocardia isolated from ocular infections. Clin ...
Matthew Grant | Specialists | Yale Medicine
Nocardia veterana infections: case report and systematic review. Radcliffe C, Peaper D, Grant M. Nocardia veterana infections: ... Nocardia veterana infections: case report and systematic review. Radcliffe C, Peaper D, Grant M. Nocardia veterana infections: ... Poor outcomes in both infection and colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. Infection Control And Hospital ... Poor outcomes in both infection and colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. Infection Control And Hospital ...
Cohort profile: The Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS): A nationwide longitudinal cohort study of all solid organ recipients...
Nocardia infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter European case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:338 ... Human cytomegalovirus infection enhances NK cell activity in vitro. Transplant Direct 2016;2:e89. doi:10.1097/TXD. ... Ptx3 polymorphisms and invasive mold infections after solid organ transplant. Clin Infect Dis 2015;61:619-22.doi:10.1093/cid/ ... First experience of SARS-CoV-2 infections in solid organ transplant recipients in the Swiss transplant cohort study. Am J ...
Dermatologic Manifestations of Nocardiosis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Similar to anaerobic organisms of the genus Actinomyces, Nocardia species often form thin filaments that can resemble but are ... Nocardiosis is an infection caused by several species of soil-borne aerobic bacteria belonging to the genus Nocardia. ... Nocardia otitidiscaviarum (Nocardia caviae) is an infrequent cause of infection in humans and is believed to be less pathogenic ... Berd D. Nocardia brasiliensis infection in the United States: a report of nine cases and a review of the literature. Am J Clin ...
Dermatologic Manifestations of Renal Disease: Overview, Dermatologic Manifestations of Diseases Associated With ESRD,...
... and deep fungal infections (eg, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Nocardia, Rhizopus species) ... Infectious causes of glomerulonephritis included streptococcal infections, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and ... 11] Alternatively, as many as 14% of cases with cutaneous PAN have been associated with hepatitis C (HCV) infection. [12, 13] ... Cutaneous fungal infection following renal transplantation: a case control study. Br J Dermatol. 1987 Nov. 117(5):585-90. [QxMD ...
Search Index - Alpha: n
John Greene | Moffitt
Disseminated Nocardia Brasiliensis Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient. Cancer Control. 1998 Jan.5(1):64-67. Pubmedid: ... J Infection. 2007 Nov.55(5):e131-e133. Pubmedid: 17900699. *Simmon KE, Pounder JI, Greene JN, Walsh F, Anderson CM, Cohen S, ... Garcia E, Sandin R, Greene J, Baekey P, Walling A, Letson G, Choy J, Nicosia S, Moscinski L. Infections of the leg which mimic ... Detection of cryptococcus infection from a contaminated autologous stem cell harvest. Infect Dis Clin Prac. 2012 Jan.20(1):71- ...
Medically Important Aerobic Actinomycetes
For Nocardia, Streptomyces, and Actinomadura infections, the usual drug(s) of choice is(are): ... Susceptibility Testing and Treatment of Human Aerobic Actinomycetes Infections. *Susceptibility Testing: Methods & Limitations ... Susceptibility testing and treatment of infections are also included in this module. This module is intended for medical ... Susceptibility testing and treatment of infections are also included in this module. This module is intended for medical ...
Image Quiz: The outcome of a food fight
The primary differentials for filamentous rods are Actinomyces, Nocardia, and Fusobacterium species infections. These organisms ... Nocardia species are also weakly acid-fast-positive. Actinomyces and Fusobacterium species are anaerobic, while Nocardia ... In this case, anaerobic culture results were positive for Actinomyces species, and infection was probably initiated by a bite ... Clumps of Actinomyces or Nocardia species embedded in a proteinaceous matrix, when floating in thoracic effusions, often appear ...
DeCS
search NOCARDIA INFECTIONS 1966-74. History Note:. 91(75); was see under CORYNEBACTERIUM INFECTIONS 1977-90; was see under ... 91; was see under CORYNEBACTERIUM INFECTIONS 1977-90; was see under NOCARDIA INFECTIONS 1963-76. ... A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum. ... A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.. ...
Massive Hepatomegaly As A Presentation Of Chronic Granulomatous Disease | Grand Rounds | Pediatric Oncall
Nocardia species, Aspergillus species and Burkholderia cepacia.6 Due to the increased frequency of infections and increased ... cutaneous infections or infections of the lymph nodes draining them. This can cause lymphadenitis, and subsequent hematogenous ... Common severe infections in chronic granulomatous disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;60:1176-83.*Rubin L, Levin M, Ljungman P, ... Those affected suffer from infections of organs that are frequently exposed to the environment like pneumonia, ...
Nocardia species (Nocardiosis) - Infectious Disease and Antimicrobial Agents
A retrospective study of Nocardia infections associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Infection 1994;22: ... Abbeviations: Nf, Nocardia .farcinia; Nn, Nocardia nova; Na, Nocardia abscessus; Nc , Nocardia cyriacigeorgica; amox-clav, ... TABLE 4. Extended antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia farcinica, Nocardia nova, Nocardia abscessus, and Nocardia ... Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, N. farcinica, and N. nova were separated from the Nocardia asteroides complex and Nocardia ...
NocardiosisSpeciesFarcinicaDiagnosisInfectOpportunistic infectionsAbscessEpidemiologyActinomycetesCyriacigeorgica infectionClinicalOrganismsBacteriaPathogensCommonlyNocardialBrasiliensis infectionActinomycetePatients with pulmonaryBacterialPneumonia20191996StrainsSkin and soft-tissue infectionsSoilLinezolidJournal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection2020IsolatesSputum cultureRespiratoryUncommonGenusAcid-fastMycobacterial infectionsBloodstream InfectionsTransplantChronicInhalationRecipientsComplicationsOrganOccurAntibioticMortalityIncidenceLymph nodesRecurrent2017
Nocardiosis15
- [ 4 , 5 ] Disseminated nocardiosis, which is defined by Nocardia being isolated from two or more noncontiguous locations within the body, usually begins as a pulmonary infection. (medscape.com)
- Nocardia infection (nocardiosis) is a disorder that affects the lungs, brain, or skin. (medlineplus.gov)
- We studied 50 patients with invasive nocardiosis treated involving Nocardia infection, and lung PCR can indi- during 2004-2023 in intensive care centers in France cate colonization, requiring such tests as bronchoal- and Belgium. (cdc.gov)
- Invasive Nocardia infections are mainly observed in pa- factors, characteristics, and prognosis of patients with tients who have undergone organ transplantation (in- invasive nocardiosis in the context of the intensive cidence 0.2%) and hematopoietic stem cell transplanta- care setting. (cdc.gov)
- Nocardiosis is chiefly an opportunistic infection and occurs especially in patients with lymphoma and leukemia and to a lesser extent in patients with solid tumors. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- Nocardia and nocardiosis. (cdc.gov)
- Molecular diagnosis of culture-negative cerebral nocardiosis due to Nocardia abscessus. (medscape.com)
- Nocardia ignorata, a new agent of human nocardiosis isolated from respiratory specimens in Europe and soil samples from Kuwait. (medscape.com)
- Nocardiosis is usually an opportunistic infection and most commonly presents as pulmonary disease. (who.int)
- Nocardiosis is considered an opportunistic infection because it occurs in people with a weakened immune system. (msdmanuals.com)
- Nocardiosis is an uncommon infection caused by the aerobic actinomycete nocardia. (bmj.com)
- On further evaluation patient found to have nocardiosis co-infection which usually occurs in immunocompromised patients like malignancy/ in HIV virus infected patients. (ijcmph.com)
- This patient did not have any such condition other than uncontrolled diabetes mellitus which predisposed to nocardiosis co-infection. (ijcmph.com)
- This co-infection of pulmonary tuberculosis and nocardiosis is very uncommon in HIV negative individuals and is reported because of this rare presentation. (ijcmph.com)
- Pulmonary nocardiosis is the most common clinical manifestation of Nocardia species, and may imitate several pulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in such high-risk settings for TB as T rkiye. (respircase.com)
Species20
- Nocardia are fastidious aerobic actinomycetes species that are inhabitants of the soil. (medscape.com)
- Nocardia species. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nocardia infections should be included in the differential diagnoses for patients in species are typically resistant to common antibiot- the intensive care setting. (cdc.gov)
- Approximately 90% of nocardial infections in the United States are due to Nocardia asteroides (and the related species Nocardia farcinica and Nocardia nova, which together form the N asteroides complex). (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- Other pathogenic species implicated in disease include Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, and Nocardia transvalensis. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- B) Nocardia cases over time by Nocardia species. (cdc.gov)
- Beaman BL, Beaman L. Nocardia species: Host-parasite relationships. (cdc.gov)
- Organisms designated as Nocardia asteroides drug pattern type VI are members of the species Nocardia cyriacigeorgica. (medscape.com)
- In vitro activities of linezolid against multiple Nocardia species. (medscape.com)
- Several species of Nocardia infect people. (msdmanuals.com)
- Another species usually causes skin infections, particularly in people who live in tropical climates. (msdmanuals.com)
- This taxonomic evidence suggested that strain CA2R105 T should be judged as representing a novel species of the genus Nocardia and the name, Nocardia coffeae sp. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- People with CGD are highly susceptible to infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Burkholderia cepacia , Nocardia species, and Aspergillus species. (nih.gov)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most important species in regard to human infection and is the cause of TB. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
- There are a number of Nocardia species, and infection with any of them can satisfy the listing. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
- Nocardia infections are common in immunocompromised and organ transplant patients, although Nocardia species only rarely cause infections in immunocompetent patients. (respircase.com)
- The most recently described species is Nocardia cyriacigeorgica . (nmji.in)
- Nocardia species are considered opportunistic pathogens that cause serious and disseminated infection in severely immuno-compromised patients, particularly those who have had organ transplantation. (nmji.in)
- Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed branched, beaded, filamentous, Gram-positive bacilli, weakly acid-fast by modified acid-fast stain (decolourized with 1% H 2 SO 4 ), suggestive of Nocardia species [Figure - 1] . (nmji.in)
- Following detection of Nocardia species, the patient was treated with intravenous imipenem with renal dose adjustment (250 mg i.v. t.i.d) and co-trimoxazole. (nmji.in)
Farcinica6
- Nocardia farcinica sternotomy site infections in patients following open-heart surgery. (cdc.gov)
- Hitti W, Wolff M. Two cases of multidrug-resistant Nocardia farcinica infection in immunosuppressed patients and implications for empiric therapy. (medscape.com)
- 4. Solitary Nocardia farcinica brain abscess in an immunocompetent adult mimicking metastatic brain tumor: rapid diagnosis by pyrosequencing and successful treatment. (nih.gov)
- 20. [Nocardia farcinica brain abscess: clinical and specific radiological findings and management. (nih.gov)
- A sputum culture and transbronchial lung biopsy stains grew Nocardia farcinica although aqueous humor sampling was negative. (springeropen.com)
- He was hospitalized 3 months prior to presentation for cavitary pneumonia, with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures growing Nocardia farcinica and Aspergillus fumigatus . (springeropen.com)
Diagnosis9
- Because rapid diagnosis and aggressive treatment can be life saving, Nocardia should be carefully considered when evaluating an immunosuppressed patient with possible opportunistic infections. (medscape.com)
- Infection occurred earlier in the HCT group than the SOT group (median time to diagnosis of 153 and 370 days, respectively). (nih.gov)
- The diagnosis of Nocardia infection relies on culture-based techniques, typically utilizing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or sputum samples. (biomedcentral.com)
- Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections. (medscape.com)
- 1. [A complicated case of Nocardia brain abscess for differential diagnosis]. (nih.gov)
- 6. Nocardia brain stem abscess: diagnosis and response to medical therapy. (nih.gov)
- 7. Nocardia abscess during treatment of brain toxoplasmosis in a patient with aids, utility of proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging in diagnosis. (nih.gov)
- Based on the observed morphological characteristics of the microorganisms, the diagnosis was ulcerative dermatitis caused by a simultaneous infection with Mycobacterium sp. (scialert.net)
- Diagnosis and management of pulmonary infection due to Rhodococcus equi. (nih.gov)
Infect3
- Nocardia bacteria can infect the lungs when they are inhaled, and they can infect the skin when they enter the skin through a cut or scrape. (msdmanuals.com)
- Nocardia bacteria can spread to nearby tissue or through the bloodstream to infect any organ. (msdmanuals.com)
- The infections may be limited to blood cells or may infect other organs along with blood cells. (microbenotes.com)
Opportunistic infections4
- Opportunistic infections are a rising entity as the number of immunocompromised patients is growing due to more use of immunosuppressive therapies and transplants. (biomedcentral.com)
- Patients with neoplastic diseases are frequently at high risk of developing opportunistic infections. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this case, our patient experienced two opportunistic infections, which we will now present. (biomedcentral.com)
- Herpes zoster and other serious opportunistic infections: Consider withholding BAFIERTAM in cases of serious infection until the infection has resolved. (nih.gov)
Abscess5
- 2. Nocardia brain abscess mimicking high-grade necrotic tumor on perfusion MRI. (nih.gov)
- 3. [Nocardia brain abscess: features, therapeutic strategies and outcome]. (nih.gov)
- 17. Nocardia brain abscess mimicking brain tumour in immunocompetent patients: report of two cases and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
- In the initial stages of the infection, an abscess can manifest as a nonspecific form of encephalitis accompanied by signs of increased intracranial pressure. (medscape.com)
- His recent history of Aspergillus and Nocardia pneumonia with positive bronchoalveolar lavage, in concert with vitritis and subretinal abscess, were concerning for endogenous endophthalmitis. (springeropen.com)
Epidemiology5
- Epidemiology and outcome data of Nocardia infections in transplant recipients are limited. (nih.gov)
- Our aim was to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of Nocardia infections in the transplanted host. (nih.gov)
- Epidemiology of lower respiratory tract infections and community-acquired respiratory viruses in patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after hematopoietic cell transplant: a retrospective cohort study. (stanford.edu)
- Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America. (northwestern.edu)
- Infection control and hospital epidemiology. (elsevierpure.com)
Actinomycetes2
- Nocardia is a type of aerobic gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the Actinomycetes genus, primarily found in soil. (biomedcentral.com)
- Tanvir R , Sajid I , Hasnain S , Kulik A , Grond S . Rare actinomycetes Nocardia caishijiensis and Pseudonocardia carboxydivorans as endophytes, their bioactivity and metabolites evaluation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Cyriacigeorgica infection2
- Long-term treatment of persistent disseminated Nocardia cyriacigeorgica infection. (cdc.gov)
- Qi DD, Zhuang Y, Chen Y, Guo JJ, Zhang Z, Gu Y. Interstitial pneumonia combined with nocardia cyriacigeorgica infection: A case report. (f6publishing.com)
Clinical4
- Clinical and laboratory features of the Nocardia spp. (cdc.gov)
- First clinical isolates of Nocardia carnea, Nocardia elegans, Nocardia paucivorans, Nocardia puris and Nocardia takedensis in Japan. (medscape.com)
- In this chapter, we will focus on keratitis caused by atypical mycobacterium, since a great number of recent clinical reports of NTM ocular infections are of keratitis. (intechopen.com)
- Varicella-zoster virus infection: natural history, clinical manifestations, immunity and current and future vaccination strategies. (newmicrobiologica.org)
Organisms5
- Patients receiving radiotherapy, immunosuppressive drugs, or corticosteroids are at an increased risk of infection from Nocardia organisms that typically do not cause disease in healthy individuals. (medscape.com)
- Infection usually occurs via inhalation of these organisms in airborne dust particles, leading to pulmonary disease. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- Common adverse events associated with antibiotics include an increased risk of Clostridiodes difficile infection (CDI), a higher incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), and microbiome dysbiosis.SUMMARY: Clinicians should be aware of noninfectious causes of fever in these immunocompromised patients and utilize best antibiotic practices while managing these patients. (stanford.edu)
- In common general ophthalmology procedures like refractive surgery, for example laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), Laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and other specialized procedures such as penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), a transgression to natural barriers occurs, this constitutes a risk factor for infection by these organisms. (intechopen.com)
- Herein, we document what we believe is the first reported case of simultaneous infection by acid-fast organisms and ringworm in a dog in Mexico. (scialert.net)
Bacteria7
- Nocardia bacteria are found in soil around the world. (medlineplus.gov)
- You can also get the disease if soil containing nocardia bacteria gets into an open wound. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nocardia infection is diagnosed using tests that identify the bacteria ( Gram stain , modified acid-fast staining or culture ). (medlineplus.gov)
- They inhale dust that contains Nocardia bacteria, resulting in a lung infection. (msdmanuals.com)
- Soil or water that contains the bacteria enters the skin through a cut or scrape, resulting in a skin infection. (msdmanuals.com)
- Infections with bacteria of the genus NOCARDIA . (bvsalud.org)
- Bacteria that masquerade as fungi: actinomycosis/nocardia. (nih.gov)
Pathogens2
- Nocardia are uncommon pathogens that disproportionately afflict the immunocompromised host. (nih.gov)
- Furthermore, symptoms are similar to infection by other pathogens, such as Nocardia sp. (scialert.net)
Commonly5
- Human infection is commonly caused by inhalation of Nocardia into the lungs. (biomedcentral.com)
- Introduction: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a commonly used antibiotic for treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). (beaumont.org)
- It is also commonly used to treat nocardia infections. (beaumont.org)
- [1] The members of Nocardia asteroides complex are most commonly responsible for human infection. (nmji.in)
- It most commonly includes infection in the lining of heart valves. (microbenotes.com)
Nocardial3
- It is becoming more frequently recognized in patients with AIDS (~ 10% of all nocardial infections since 1980), those receiving organ transplants (especially renal and heart), and those receiving therapy with cytotoxic agents. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- A total of 19 patients were identified as having culture-proven nocardial infection. (who.int)
- Pintado V, Gómez-Mampaso E, Cobo J. Nocardial infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. (ijcmph.com)
Brasiliensis infection1
- While infection with N asteroides is geographically widespread, most cases of N brasiliensis infection in the United States have originated in the southern regions of the United States, especially Texas, southern California, Oklahoma, and Florida. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Actinomycete1
- Experimental study of a pathogenic acidfast actinomycete (Nocardia). (nih.gov)
Patients with pulmonary2
- nov., a new pathogen isolated from patients with pulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
- Ekrami A, Khosravi AD, Samarbaf Zadeh AR, Hashemzadeh M. Nocardia co-infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. (ijcmph.com)
Bacterial3
- Nocardia virulence is to a large extent determined by the dynamically changing and complex structure of the bacterial cell envelope. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- 4. Multiple or recurrent bacterial infections, including pelvic inflammatory disease, requiring hospitalization or intravenous antibiotic treatment three or more times in a 12-month period. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
- Among these 13.7 million deaths, 7.7 million are associated with bacterial infections. (microbenotes.com)
Pneumonia1
- In patients with interstitial pneumonia receiving oral steroids and immunosuppressants, the presence of new nodules, masses, or cavitary lesions should raise suspicion of concurrent Nocardia infection. (f6publishing.com)
20191
- During January 2018-December 2019, there were 13 Nocardia case-patients (0.54/mo), of which 12 (92%) were in HTR. (cdc.gov)
19961
- We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients at Duke University Hospital with a history of solid organ transplant (SOT) or hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and at least one positive culture for Nocardia between 1996 and 2013. (nih.gov)
Strains2
- Disease occurs after virulent strains of Nocardia successfully evade the bactericidal defenses of the host's immune response. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- Moreover, many different phenotypic characteristics were observed between strain CA2R105 T and all related Nocardia -type strains. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Skin and soft-tissue infections1
- Updates on Nocardia skin and soft tissue infections in solid organ transplantation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Soil2
- [ 2 , 3 ] Infection is acquired by two main routes: pulmonary infection due to inhalation of the organism from dust or soil, and cutaneous invasion due to direct inoculation from minor trauma. (medscape.com)
- Nocardia is a ubiquitous environmental saprophyte found in soil, decayed organic matter and water. (nmji.in)
Linezolid1
- The initial BAL tissue specimen and sputum culture later grew Nocardia farcinia that was susceptible to Bactrim, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, and amikacin. (springeropen.com)
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection1
- Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection, 6. (edu.au)
20202
- During January 2020-March 2021, there were 4 Nocardia cases (0.26 per month) of which 2 (50%) were HTR. (cdc.gov)
- hepatitis C and a SARS Cov2 infection in March 2020 without complication. (fortuneonline.org)
Isolates1
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis did not provide complete protection from Nocardia infections, nor did it appear to select for resistant Nocardia isolates. (nih.gov)
Sputum culture1
- For example, for an infection in the lung, a sputum culture may be done. (medlineplus.gov)
Respiratory2
- Among 55 patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, 34 (61.8%) developed lower respiratory tract infections, which were associated with impaired lung function and a trend toward increased mortality. (stanford.edu)
- For example, you may qualify under listing 3.08 for persistent respiratory infections. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
Uncommon2
- Fungal infections, other than candidiasis and aspergillosis, are an uncommon entity. (biomedcentral.com)
- Infection due to Fusarium and Mucorales was uncommon. (stanford.edu)
Genus1
- The strain formed fragmented substrate mycelium and showed chemotaxonomic properties typical of members of the genus Nocardia, i.e. the presence of mycolic acid and MK-8 (H 4 ω -cycl ) in its cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Acid-fast1
- An acid-fast streptothrix (Nocardia). (nih.gov)
Mycobacterial infections2
- 10 (18.2%) patients developed non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. (stanford.edu)
- Usually, progression of TB or other mycobacterial infections is slow. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
Bloodstream Infections2
- Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a significant burden on the global population and represent a key area of focus in the hospital environment. (biomedcentral.com)
- It is also called bloodstream infections or infections of the blood circulatory system. (microbenotes.com)
Transplant3
- A) Nocardia cases over time by type of transplant. (cdc.gov)
- Sternal wound infection with Mycoplasma salivarium following bilateral lung transplant. (stanford.edu)
- Case: A 70-year-old male with history of mantle cell lymphoma and T-cell leukemia treated with bone marrow transplant now with nocardia lung infection receiving trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole for the past 6 months who presented to the emergency room with confusion and a fall. (beaumont.org)
Chronic7
- You are more likely to get this infection if you have long-term (chronic) lung disease or a weakened immune system, which can occur with transplants, cancer, HIV/AIDS , and long-term use of steroids. (medlineplus.gov)
- Certain lung infections may lead to scarring and long-term (chronic) shortness of breath. (medlineplus.gov)
- Children with chronic granulomatous disease are at elevated risk of developing this infection. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- Nocardia infections are typically seen in individuals with compromised immune systems or chronic lung disease [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Nocardia infection in chronic granulomatous disease. (medscape.com)
- This study will evaluate patients with abnormal immune function that results in recurrent or unusual infections or chronic inflammation. (nih.gov)
- This report describes a case of chronic granulomatous pleuritis caused by nocardia. (bmj.com)
Inhalation1
- [1] Human infection usually occurs from either direct inoculation to skin or soft tissue or by inhalation. (nmji.in)
Recipients1
- During the 18-year study period, 51 patients (14 HCT and 37 SOT recipients) had Nocardia infection. (nih.gov)
Complications1
- Complications of nocardia infections depend on how much of the body is involved. (medlineplus.gov)
Organ2
- [ 1 ] Treatment for disseminated Nocardia depends upon the presence or absence of CNS involvement and/or multiple organ involvement. (medscape.com)
- In this article, we will look over some common infections based on anatomic location i.e. organ/system involved along with their causative agents. (microbenotes.com)
Occur3
- In otherwise healthy people, it may occur as a local infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Infections also occur in persons with primary immunodeficiency, solid cancer, or auto- The Study immune disease. (cdc.gov)
- Local infections of the lung and skin may occur and the lesions tend to be inflammatory and pyogenic (pus-producing). (pioneerlawoffice.com)
Antibiotic1
- In recent years, adverse effects of antimicrobials have highlighted the importance of antimicrobial stewardship in HCT and CAR-T patients, and an antibiotic de-escalation strategy is a safe and important tool in mitigating these adverse events, even in patients with ongoing neutropenia who become afebrile without a known infection. (stanford.edu)
Mortality2
- [ 1 ] Nocardia has an aggressive nature, and has a high mortality rate if left untreated. (medscape.com)
- Nocardia nova has an aggressive pattern of dissemination, which results in a high risk of mortality. (medscape.com)
Incidence1
- Nocardia incidence was stable during the study period in all populations except heart transplants, whose incidence declined. (nih.gov)
Lymph nodes1
- Infection in the lungs, lymph nodes at the root of the lungs (hilar nodes), skin, or lymph nodes in the neck (cervical nodes) does not qualify. (pioneerlawoffice.com)
Recurrent1
- This case is a 71-year-old oncological patient admitted for recurrent pneumonias that was diagnosed for Nocardia pulmonary infection. (biomedcentral.com)
20171
- During June 2015-December 2017, there were 6 Nocardia cases (0.19/mo), of which 2 (33%) were in HTR. (cdc.gov)
