Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration
Limbic Encephalitis
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular
Endocrine Glands
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Recurrence of adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma. (1/57)
Conn's syndrome (adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia are the most common causes of primary aldosteronism. The treatment of choice for patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma is unilateral total adrenalectomy. Recurrence after adequate surgery is exceptional. We present a patient with recurrence of an aldosterone-producing adenoma in the right adrenal gland 9 years after adenomectomy of a aldosterone-producing adenoma in the same adrenal gland. We conclude that adenomectomy is not an adequate therapy for patients with adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma. (+info)The differentiation of primary hyperparathyroidism from the hypercalcemia of malignancy. (2/57)
The presence of hypercalcemia in patients with known cancers may be due to the cancers themselves, or to co-existing primary hyperparathyroidism. The differentiation of primary hyperparathyroidism from the hypercalcemia of malignancy is important since the relief of distressing symptoms and prevention of hypercalcemic crises and renal failure can be accomplished relatively easily by parathyroid surgery in the former condition, and only with difficulty, at times, with fluids and drugs in the latter condition. The histories of three recent patients are presented, which demonstrate the difficulties inherent in the differentiation of these conditions. These patients were ultimately found at operation to have primary hyperparathyroidism in addition to malignancies of the cervix, adrenal gland and kidney. In our experience the following have been helpful in establishing a diagnosis; history of hypercalcemia prior to development of cancer, the type of cancer itself, the effect of cancer therapy on the hypercalcemia, and selective venous sampling with radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone. (+info)Guanosine nucleotides inhibit different syndromes of PTHrP excess caused by human cancers in vivo. (3/57)
There are two well-described syndromes caused by tumor production of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), namely osteolytic bone disease associated with breast cancer and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) that occurs with or without bone metastasis. Both syndromes have been shown experimentally to be inhibited by neutralizing antibodies to PTHrP. In a search for small-molecule inhibitors of PTHrP production or effects, we have identified guanine-nucleotide analogs as compounds that inhibit PTHrP expression by human tumor cells associated with these syndromes. We show in nude athymic murine models that these compounds reduce PTHrP-mediated osteolytic lesions associated with metastatic human breast-cancer cells as well as the degree of hypercalcemia caused by excessive PTHrP production by a squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung. These results suggest that the PTHrP gene promoter may be a suitable target for treating the skeletal effects of malignancy. (+info)Ectopic TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma of the vomerosphenoidal junction. (4/57)
OBJECTIVE: We describe an unusual case of ectopic TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma arising from the vomerosphenoidal junction. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 52-Year-old man with a long-standing history of hyperthyroidism was referred to the University Hospital in September 2001 because of increasingly disabling symptoms of nasal obstruction. For the past 18 Years the patient had complained of palpitations, hypertension, weight loss, and nervousness. A presumptive diagnosis of Graves' disease was made. Treatment with methimazole was begun, but the patient was lost to follow-up. On admission, physical examination revealed signs of hyperthyroidism and a large diffuse goiter. Tests of thyroid function showed inappropriate secretion of TSH with hyperthyroidism. Both a TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma and resistance to thyroid hormone could be taken into account. There was no evidence of pituitary tumour by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but a large space-occupying lesion involving the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx was incidentally discovered. INTERVENTATION AND TECHNIQUE: Using an endoscopic endonasal approach, the tumour was removed en bloc together with the sphenoid floor, sphenoid rostrum, bony septum, and part of the soft palate mucosa. Histological features and immunophenotype were those of a TSH-secreting tumour. CONCLUSION: Although exceedingly rare, ectopic TSH-secreting pituitary tumour should be borne in mind in cases of inappropriate secretion of TSH with hyperthyroidism and no evidence of pituitary tumour by computed tomography and/or MRI when a mass located along the migration path of the Rathke's pouch is demonstrated by radiological examination. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported case in the literature. (+info)Symptomatic epidural lipomatosis in ectopic Cushing's syndrome. (5/57)
We report a case of spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) caused by ectopic Cushing's syndrome and give a review of the literature. The most common cause of SEL is prolonged therapy with glucocorticoids, only a very few cases are related to endogenous Cushing's syndrome. The pathophysiological mechanism is not clear but there is a possible role for the autonomic nervous system in the stimulation of growth of epidural fat. Severe neurological symptoms which indicate myelopathy and radiculopathy can occur, but there is often a delay in diagnosis because the non-specific initial symptoms are not recognized. The epidural fat is mostly located in the thoracic and lumbar region. Magnetic resonance imaging can establish the diagnosis rapidly. In patients with severe neurological symptoms, surgical decompression of the myelum and removal of the epidural fat is the treatment of choice. Most patients have partial or complete recovery of neurological deficits after surgical treatment or after discontinuing glucocorticoid therapy; mild cases can also be treated conservatively. Routine imaging for the detection of epidural-located lipomatosis in patients at risk is probably useful. (+info)[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography imaging of thymic carcinoid tumor presenting with recurrent Cushing's syndrome. (6/57)
We report a case of a young woman with Cushing's syndrome (CS), in whom although endocrine investigations and negative pituitary imaging were suggestive of ectopic ACTH secretion, the results of inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) sampling after coricotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation were suggestive of pituitary ACTH hypersecretion. (111)In-labelled octreotide and high-resolution computer tomography (CT) revealed a lesion possibly responsible for the ACTH source in the thymus. Thymectomy confirmed concomitant ectopic CRH and probable ACTH production by a thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma. After an 8-year remission period the patient developed a clinical and biochemical relapse. A high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax showed a 2-cm nodule in the thymic bed, which was positive on a [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan. However, a repeated thymectomy did not result in remission. A repeat [(18)F]FDG PET study showed persistent disease in the thymic bed and also uptake in the adrenals. The patient underwent bilateral adrenalectomy, which resulted in clinical remission. A further [(18)F]FDG PET scan 8 months later showed no progression of the thymic tumor and confirmed complete excision of the adrenals. This is a rare case of concomitant CRH and ACTH secretion from a thymic carcinoid tumor; the case illustrates the usefulness of functional imaging with [(18)F]FDG PET in the diagnosis, management and follow-up of neuroendocrine tumors. (+info)Mixed endocrine pancreatic tumors producing several peptide hormones. (7/57)
Twenty-four endocrine pancreatic tumors were examined immunohistochemically for insulin, glucagon, gastrin and ACTH. In seven of these tumors, more than one peptide-hormone-containing cell type was observed. These seven tumors were also examined with conventional staining methods for the presence of A1, A2, and B cells. The results showed that these staining methods do not always distinguish between the different hormone-producing cell types of endocrine pancreatic tumors. In spite of the fact that several types of hormone-secreting cells were found in the tumors, the case histories described symptoms characteristic of hypersecretion of only one of the hormones. The hormone of the predominating cell type could not always explain the clinical symptoms. Our results indicate the endocrine pancreatic tumors often are multihormonal. Therefore, it would seem advisable to screen serum from all insuloma patients for a variety of peptide hormones. (+info)ACTH-secreting 'apudoma' of gallbladder. (8/57)
The case of a 44-year-old woman is reported. The diagnosis after the appropriate tests and laparotomy was ACTH-secreting 'apudoma' of the gallbladder. This is a rare tumour and this case is believed to be the first reported of an ectopic hormone producing tumour from this side. (+info)Paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes refer to a group of hormonal and related disorders that occur as remote effects of cancer. They are caused by substances (like hormones, peptides, or antibodies) produced by the tumor, which may be benign or malignant, and can affect various organs and systems in the body. These syndromes can occur before the cancer is diagnosed, making them an important consideration for early detection and treatment of the underlying malignancy.
Examples of paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes include:
1. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH): This occurs when a tumor, often small cell lung cancer, produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive water retention and low sodium levels in the blood.
2. Cushing's Syndrome: Excessive production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by a tumor, often a small cell lung cancer or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, can lead to increased cortisol levels and symptoms such as weight gain, muscle weakness, and mood changes.
3. Ectopic Production of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide (PTHrP): This occurs when a tumor, often a squamous cell carcinoma, produces PTHrP, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood and symptoms such as bone pain, kidney stones, and confusion.
4. Hypercalcemia of Malignancy: Excessive production of calcitriol (active vitamin D) by a tumor, often a lymphoma or myeloma, can lead to increased calcium levels in the blood and symptoms such as bone pain, kidney stones, and confusion.
5. Carcinoid Syndrome: This occurs when a neuroendocrine tumor, often in the gastrointestinal tract, produces serotonin and other substances, leading to symptoms such as flushing, diarrhea, and heart problems.
It is important to note that these syndromes can also be caused by non-cancerous conditions, so a thorough evaluation is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
Paraneoplastic syndromes refer to a group of rare disorders that are caused by an abnormal immune system response to a cancerous (malignant) tumor. These syndromes are characterized by symptoms or signs that do not result directly from the growth of the tumor itself, but rather from substances produced by the tumor or the body's immune system in response to the tumor.
Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect various organs and systems in the body, including the nervous system, endocrine system, skin, and joints. Examples of paraneoplastic syndromes include Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), which affects nerve function and causes muscle weakness; cerebellar degeneration, which can cause difficulty with coordination and balance; and dermatomyositis, which is an inflammatory condition that affects the skin and muscles.
Paraneoplastic syndromes can occur in association with a variety of different types of cancer, including lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and lymphoma. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cancer, as well as managing the symptoms of the paraneoplastic syndrome.
Paraneoplastic syndromes of the nervous system are a group of rare disorders that occur in some individuals with cancer. These syndromes are caused by an immune system response to the cancer tumor, which can lead to the damage or destruction of nerve cells. The immune system produces antibodies and/or activated immune cells that attack the neural tissue, leading to neurological symptoms.
Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect any part of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and muscles. Symptoms vary depending on the specific syndrome and the location of the affected nerve tissue. Some common neurological symptoms include muscle weakness, numbness or tingling, seizures, memory loss, confusion, difficulty speaking or swallowing, visual disturbances, and coordination problems.
Paraneoplastic syndromes are often associated with specific types of cancer, such as small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and lymphoma. Diagnosis can be challenging because the symptoms may precede the discovery of the underlying cancer. A combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, laboratory tests, and sometimes a brain biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cancer with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. Immunosuppressive therapies may also be used to manage the immune response that is causing the neurological symptoms. While treatment can help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life, paraneoplastic syndromes are often difficult to cure completely.
Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy is a rare neurological disorder that can occur in some individuals with cancer. It's caused by the immune system producing antibodies or cells that attack the nervous system (neurons, nerve axons, or myelin sheath) as a response to the presence of a tumor or cancer in the body.
The term "polyneuropathy" refers to damage or dysfunction affecting multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. This can lead to various symptoms such as numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, and pain, typically starting in the hands and feet and progressing upwards.
In paraneoplastic polyneuropathy, these symptoms are related to the immune system's response to the cancer rather than direct invasion of the nerves by the tumor itself. The specific type of polyneuropathy can vary between individuals, and it may present as sensorimotor polyneuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, or a combination of both.
Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cancer are crucial for managing paraneoplastic polyneuropathy. Immunotherapy, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin may be used to help control the immune response and alleviate symptoms.
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive damage to the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements. It is considered a paraneoplastic syndrome, which means it is caused by an abnormal immune system response to a cancerous tumor (neoplasm) located elsewhere in the body.
In PCD, antibodies produced by the immune system to fight the tumor mistakenly attack proteins in the cerebellum that are similar to those found in the tumor. This leads to inflammation and degeneration of the Purkinje cells, a type of neuron critical for maintaining balance and coordinating movements.
PCD can present with symptoms such as unsteady gait, loss of coordination, slurred speech, nystagmus (involuntary eye movement), and tremors. These symptoms often develop rapidly, over the course of days to weeks, and may progress even after the tumor has been removed or treated.
PCD is associated with several types of cancers, including small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and others. Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cancer are essential to slowing down the progression of PCD and improving outcomes.
A syndrome, in medical terms, is a set of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or underlying pathological process. It's essentially a collection of signs and/or symptoms that frequently occur together and can suggest a particular cause or condition, even though the exact physiological mechanisms might not be fully understood.
For example, Down syndrome is characterized by specific physical features, cognitive delays, and other developmental issues resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Similarly, metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus type 2 involve a group of risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels that collectively increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
It's important to note that a syndrome is not a specific diagnosis; rather, it's a pattern of symptoms that can help guide further diagnostic evaluation and management.
Limbic encephalitis is a rare type of inflammatory autoimmune disorder that affects the limbic system, which is a part of the brain involved in emotions, behavior, memory, and sense of smell. It is characterized by inflammation of the limbic system, leading to symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, seizures, changes in behavior and mood, and problems with autonomic functions.
Limbic encephalitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, cancer, or autoimmune disorders. In some cases, the cause may remain unknown. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies (such as MRI), and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment usually involves immunosuppressive therapy to reduce inflammation, as well as addressing any underlying causes if they can be identified.
It is important to note that limbic encephalitis is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention and treatment. If you or someone else experiences symptoms such as sudden confusion, memory loss, or seizures, it is essential to seek medical care immediately.
Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of rare disorders that occur in some individuals with cancer. These syndromes are caused by substances produced by the tumor or the body's immune response to the tumor, which can affect distant organs and cause various symptoms.
Ocular paraneoplastic syndromes refer to a subset of these disorders that specifically affect the eyes. They are caused by an abnormal immune response directed against antigens shared by both the tumor and the nervous tissue of the eye. This results in damage to the nerve cells and can lead to various visual symptoms, such as:
1. Visual loss or blurring
2. Double vision (diplopia)
3. Light sensitivity (photophobia)
4. Abnormalities in pupil size or reactivity
5. Jerky eye movements (nystagmus)
6. Loss of peripheral vision (visual field defects)
7. Impaired color vision
8. Deterioration of the optic nerve (optic neuropathy)
Some examples of ocular paraneoplastic syndromes include:
1. Paraneoplastic retinopathy: A condition characterized by damage to the light-sensitive cells in the retina, leading to visual loss and other visual disturbances.
2. Paraneoplastic optic neuropathy: Damage to the optic nerve that can result in visual loss and visual field defects.
3. Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR): A condition characterized by progressive vision loss, night blindness, and abnormalities in the electroretinogram (ERG), a test used to assess retinal function.
4. Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR): Similar to CAR but specifically associated with melanoma, this condition can cause visual loss, night blindness, and abnormal ERG results.
5. Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by rapid, involuntary eye movements (opsoclonus) and muscle jerks (myoclonus), which can be associated with various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and ovarian cancer.
It is important to note that these conditions are relatively rare but can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cancer can help improve outcomes for patients with ocular paraneoplastic syndromes.
Endocrine glands are ductless glands in the human body that release hormones directly into the bloodstream, which then carry the hormones to various tissues and organs in the body. These glands play a crucial role in regulating many of the body's functions, including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.
Examples of endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pineal gland, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Each of these glands produces specific hormones that have unique effects on various target tissues in the body.
The endocrine system works closely with the nervous system to regulate many bodily functions through a complex network of feedback mechanisms. Disorders of the endocrine system can result in a wide range of symptoms and health problems, including diabetes, thyroid disease, growth disorders, and sexual dysfunction.
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigability. It is caused by the presence of antibodies against voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) in the neuromuscular junction, which disrupts the normal transmission of signals between nerves and muscles.
The symptoms of LEMS include proximal muscle weakness, which may affect the legs more than the arms, and autonomic dysfunction such as dry mouth and constipation. The weakness tends to improve with exercise but worsens after periods of rest. In some cases, LEMS can be associated with cancer, particularly small cell lung cancer.
Diagnosis of LEMS typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, electromyography (EMG) studies, and blood tests to detect VGCC antibodies. Treatment may include medications such as pyridostigmine, which improves neuromuscular transmission, or intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange, which help to reduce the immune response. In cases where LEMS is associated with cancer, treatment of the underlying malignancy can also improve muscle strength and function.
The endocrine system is a complex network of glands and organs that produce, store, and secrete hormones. It plays a crucial role in regulating various functions and processes in the body, including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.
The major endocrine glands include:
1. Pituitary gland: located at the base of the brain, it is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls other glands' functions. It produces and releases several hormones that regulate growth, development, and reproduction.
2. Thyroid gland: located in the neck, it produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
3. Parathyroid glands: located near the thyroid gland, they produce parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels in the blood.
4. Adrenal glands: located on top of the kidneys, they produce hormones that regulate stress response, metabolism, and blood pressure.
5. Pancreas: located in the abdomen, it produces hormones such as insulin and glucagon that regulate blood sugar levels.
6. Sex glands (ovaries and testes): they produce sex hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone that regulate sexual development and reproduction.
7. Pineal gland: located in the brain, it produces melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.
The endocrine system works closely with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis or balance in the body's internal environment. Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to target cells or organs, where they bind to specific receptors and elicit a response. Disorders of the endocrine system can result from overproduction or underproduction of hormones, leading to various health problems such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, growth disorders, and sexual dysfunction.
Cancer
Ectopic hormone
Paraneoplastic syndrome
List of MeSH codes (C04)
The great imitator
Kidney cancer
Cancer signs and symptoms
Psychosis
Grant Liddle
Tripe palms
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Hormonal therapy (oncology)
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Oncogenic osteomalacia
Myopathy
Fibroblast growth factor 23
Carcinoid syndrome
Acanthosis nigricans
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
List of syndromes
Carcinoid
Cushing's syndrome
POEMS syndrome
Hypertrichosis
Medulloblastoma
Index of oncology articles
Interleukin 6
Ovarian cancer
Parathyroid hormone
Voltage-gated calcium channel
Paraneoplastic Syndromes Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination
Cancer - Wikipedia
Paraneoplastic Cushing syndrome, case-series and review of the literature
Paraneoplastic Syndromes - Hematology and Oncology - MSD Manual Professional Edition
Paraneoplastic Syndromes Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination
Biomarkers Search
Lung Cancer Signs & Symptoms | Early Signs of Lung Cancer | American Cancer Society
Georgios K Dimitriadis - Research output - King's College London
DeCS 2005 - Changed terms
MeSH Browser
MeSH Browser
DeCS 2005 - Changed terms
DeCS 2005 - Changed terms
DeCS 2005 - Changed terms
Classification-Index
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications
Ling Xia, MD, FCAP | | Forefront Dermatology
Endocrine tumours and neoplasia | 0035 | ECE2014 | 16th European Congress of Endocrinology | Endocrine Abstracts
Pesquisa | Prevenção e Controle de Câncer
Leukocytosis. Medical search
Acute Urticaria or Angioedema
Mature Adult and Senior Cats
Thyroid Storm | PPT
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2005 MeSH
Biochemistry - Apollo Cancer Centres
Paraneoplastic manifestations of renal cell carcinoma - PubMed
https://www.cancer.gov/types/thymoma/hp/child-thymoma-treatment-pdq
Hyperparathyroidism - Endocrine - Medbullets Step 1
BMC Endocrine Disorders | Articles
Neoplasms1
- Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS in non-endocrine tissues or not by the usual ENDOCRINE GLANDS . (nih.gov)
Small cell lung3
- 2. Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes in small cell lung carcinoma. (nih.gov)
- 14. Severe paraneoplastic hyponatremia and hypoosmolality in a patient with small-cell lung carcinoma: syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion versus atrial natriuretic peptide or both? (nih.gov)
- 19. Dual paraneoplastic syndromes: small cell lung carcinoma-related oncogenic osteomalacia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: report of a case and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
Tumors6
- Hypokalemia , hyponatremia or hypernatremia , hyperphosphatemia , and alkalosis or acidosis may result from other types of tumors that produce ACTH, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or gut hormones (see Endocrine and neuromuscular, below). (medscape.com)
- Carcinoid Syndrome Carcinoid syndrome develops in some people with carcinoid tumors and is characterized by cutaneous flushing, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. (msdmanuals.com)
- 5. Syndromes resulting from ectopic hormone-producing tumors. (nih.gov)
- This is the first report of metachronous double primary malignant tumors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and DMPM accompanied with paraneoplastic syndromes. (bvsalud.org)
- A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. (uchicago.edu)
- Divided into five sections encompassing 33 chapters, the book begins with a description of specific tumor types such as low-grade gliomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, and medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors, along with rare brain tumors like neurofibromatosis and other genetic syndromes. (elsevier.com)
Disorders3
- Paraneoplastic syndromes are rare disorders that are triggered by an altered immune system response to a neoplasm or ectopic production of a hormone or cytokine. (medscape.com)
- The syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuresis (SIAD) represents the main cause of hyponatremia, even though differential diagnosis with concomitant comorbidities (heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, extracellular volume depletion, pulmonary disorders) and drugs (tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, opioids, chemotherapeutic agents and immunotherapy) needs to be carried out [ 2 , 3 ]. (giornaleitalianodinefrologia.it)
- Past medical history should specifically seek known causative disorders such as endocrine disorders, adrenal or ovarian pathology, and cancer. (merckmanuals.com)
Hypercalcemia3
- Late-stage disease can manifest with pulmonary symptoms, extrapulmonary symptoms, paraneoplastic syndromes (e.g., syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion , hypercalcemia ), and/or signs of metastatic disease. (amboss.com)
- Hypercalcemia is one of the most common paraneoplastic syndromes, and cancer is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in companion animals. (dvm360.com)
- The most common endocrine causes of hypophosphatemia are as follows: (1a) Hyperparathyroidism ��� as shown above, this may cause hypophosphatemia and hypercalcemia. (tnwmovie.com)
Malignancy4
- In rare cases paraneoplastic syndrome may mimic GBS, which is important to know as treatment will fail unless the underlying malignancy is treated. (bvsalud.org)
- So, age-appropriate screening of malignancy should ideally be performed in any adult patient with nephrotic syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
- In particular, SIAD is directly associated with malignancy as expression of a paraneoplastic endocrine effect mediated by an ectopic production of vasopressin (AVP) by cancer cells. (giornaleitalianodinefrologia.it)
- Amongst them, one case reported from West Bengal was of a 1-year-old female child who developed generalised AN without any evidence of internal malignancy or endocrine disorder. (e-ijd.org)
Symptoms4
- Paraneoplastic syndromes are symptoms that occur at sites distant from a tumor or its metastasis. (msdmanuals.com)
- Some lung cancers can cause syndromes , which are groups of specific symptoms. (cancer.org)
- Paraneoplastic signs and symptoms of renal cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis. (nih.gov)
- At the time of diagnosis, 68 percent of the patients had endocrine symptoms, and 30 percent had distant metastases. (nih.gov)
Production of parathyroid1
- There is convincing evidence that RCC tumor cells elaborate proteins that serve as mediators of endocrine (eg, ectopic production of parathyroid hormone-related protein or erythropoietin) as well as nonendocrine paraneoplastic syndromes. (nih.gov)
Pathology2
Metastasis1
- SCLC is a single histological category and is characterized by its central location, rapid tumor growth, early metastasis , and association with numerous paraneoplastic syndromes . (amboss.com)
ACTH8
- Paraneoplastic Cushing syndrome is a rare condition, representing a small fraction of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent cases of Cushing syndrome Methods: Four case descriptions and literature review, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and treatment options are presented. (nih.gov)
- SCLC can lead to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome, which, in turn, can cause hyperpigmentation, a condition in which part or all of the skin becomes darker. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- This may lead to conditions such as ectopic ACTH syndrome. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- However, ectopic ACTH syndrome occurs when cells outside the pituitary gland produce ACTH in large quantities. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Changes in ACTH, such as those caused by ectopic ACTH syndrome, can cause hyperpigmentation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Having SCLC can lead to ectopic ACTH syndrome. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- One potential symptom of ectopic ACTH syndrome is hyperpigmentation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- However, other endocrine problems related to ectopic ACTH syndrome can lead to worse overall outcomes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Secretion2
Carcinoid Syndrome1
- Moreover, paraneoplastic syndromes (eg, carcinoid syndrome , Cushing syndrome ) can occur in these patients. (medscape.com)
Multiple endocrine10
- Introduction: The autosomal dominant multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia (PH), neuroendocrine digestive tumours (NET) and pituitary adenomas (PA), is due to mutations in the tumor suppressor gene MEN1 encoding a 610-amino acid protein, menin. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
- the remaining 25% are part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) , an autosomal-dominant syndrome caused by germline-activating mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. (medscape.com)
- MTC in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes is always bilateral and multicentric, with presentation earlier in life. (medscape.com)
- MTC is the dominant component of the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2 syndromes , MEN2A and MEN2B. (medscape.com)
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia" by people in this website by year, and whether "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia" by people in Profiles. (uchicago.edu)
- Linkage of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B gene (MEN2B) to chromosome 10 markers linked to MEN2A. (uchicago.edu)
- Carcinoid tumor of the pancreas causing the diarrheogenic syndrome: report of a case combined with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type I. Surgery. (uchicago.edu)
- Primary HPT can also occur in familial syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1), MEN 2A, hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, and familial isolated primary HPT, which seems to be an early stage of MEN 1 or HPT-JT. (eurekaselect.com)
GLANDS2
- Even though isolated cells from organs such as the heart or the intestines secrete hormones and hence can be considered endocrine cells, endocrine glands are typically defined as those specific regions of the body where endocrine cells are concentrated. (mhmedical.com)
- They are classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of aggressiveness. (uchicago.edu)
Tumor growth1
- The clinical manifestations of SCLC can result from local tumor growth, intrathoracic spread, distant spread, and/or paraneoplastic syndromes. (medscape.com)
Antidiuretic hormone1
- 18. Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndrome presenting as ectopic antidiuretic hormone-secreting gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report. (nih.gov)
Neurologic2
- Table 1, below, shows some examples of the paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the endocrine and neurologic systems in patients with SCLC. (medscape.com)
- There is "true" (objective) weakness (loss of strength from a neurologic or muscular disease process) and then there is a host of other processes that mimic neuromuscular weakness: cardiovascular, pulmonary, infectious, endocrine etc. (canadiem.org)
Parathyroid1
- 1b) Hungry Bone Syndrome Occurs immediately following resection of a parathyroid adenoma which was causing hyperparathyroidism. (tnwmovie.com)
Diseases1
- See Paraneoplastic Diseases for more information. (medscape.com)
Hypertrichosis2
- Hirsutes, excessive hair, endocrine hypertrichosis. (cyberderm.net)
- Genetic syndromes causing hypertrichosis (consider especially in children). (cyberderm.net)
Diagnosis2
- A paraneoplastic syndrome may be the initial clinical presentation of RCC in a significant number of patients, and recognition of these syndromes may facilitate early diagnosis. (nih.gov)
- In these patients, the accurate diagnosis and management of paraneoplastic syndromes may be important in palliative management. (nih.gov)
Occur1
- Paraneoplastic syndromes most commonly occur in patients not known to have cancer, as well as in those with active cancer and those in remission after treatment. (medscape.com)
Diabetes2
- Psychosocial problems, tendency towards folliculitis after shaving, diabetes and cancer in polycystic ovarian syndrome. (cyberderm.net)
- The role of the Endocrine System in Diabetes. (iresearchnet.com)
Pathophysiology2
- Other paraneoplastic manifestations of RCC include cachexia, fever, hepatic dysfunction, anemia, and amyloidosis, although our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology remains incomplete. (nih.gov)
- Understanding the pathophysiology of Turner Syndrome. (iresearchnet.com)
Hormonal1
- 10. [Paraneoplastic hormonal syndromes]. (nih.gov)
Inappropriate2
- Mast cell activation syndrome is increased and inappropriate activation of mast cells without clonal. (msdmanuals.com)
- Tolvaptan (TVP), a vasopressin receptor antagonist, represents a therapeutic option in the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuresis (SIAD). (giornaleitalianodinefrologia.it)
Genetic3
- Bapat B, Xia L, Madlensky L, Mitri A, Tonin P, Narod S, Gallinger S. "The genetic basis of Muir-Torre syndrome includes the hMLH1 locus" 1996, The American Journal of Human Genetics, 59:736-739. (forefrontdermatology.com)
- Investigating the genetic basis of Down Syndrome. (iresearchnet.com)
- Exploring the genetic mutations in Fragile X Syndrome. (iresearchnet.com)
Respiratory1
- 11. Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes in lung cancer: a respiratory physician's perspective. (nih.gov)
Manifestations4
- Nonspecific syndromes can precede the clinical manifestations of the tumor, and this occurrence is a negative prognostic factor. (medscape.com)
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a condition characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia with manifestations of organ system involvement or dysfunction directly related to eosinophilia in the. (msdmanuals.com)
- Paraneoplastic manifestations are present in up to 20% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). (nih.gov)
- The aim of the study was to assess early manifestations of SDB and their evolution in ROHHAD syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
Lung cancer2
Autonomic1
- Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) is a rare, heterogeneous syndrome and responsible for hypothalamic obesity. (biomedcentral.com)
Presentation1
- Paraneoplastic glomerulopathy is a rare presentation of neoplastic disease. (bvsalud.org)
Patients3
- Up to 20% of cancer patients experience paraneoplastic syndromes, but often these syndromes are unrecognized. (msdmanuals.com)
- CASE DISCUSSION: We present a case series of two patients presenting with nephrotic syndrome as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a gynecologic tumor. (bvsalud.org)
- Paraneoplastic syndromes in three patients with renal cell carcinoma]. (nih.gov)