Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the PERITONEAL CAVITY.
A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).
Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).
Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.
A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.
A spiral bacterium active as a human gastric pathogen. It is a gram-negative, urease-positive, curved or slightly spiral organism initially isolated in 1982 from patients with lesions of gastritis or peptic ulcers in Western Australia. Helicobacter pylori was originally classified in the genus CAMPYLOBACTER, but RNA sequencing, cellular fatty acid profiles, growth patterns, and other taxonomic characteristics indicate that the micro-organism should be included in the genus HELICOBACTER. It has been officially transferred to Helicobacter gen. nov. (see Int J Syst Bacteriol 1989 Oct;39(4):297-405).
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
A water-soluble medicinal preparation applied to the skin.
A variety of surgical reconstructive procedures devised to restore gastrointestinal continuity, The two major classes of reconstruction are the Billroth I (gastroduodenostomy) and Billroth II (gastrojejunostomy) procedures.

Prevalence and cost of hospitalization for gastrointestinal complications related to peptic ulcers with bleeding or perforation: comparison of two national databases. (1/154)

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and cost of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal complications, including peptic ulcers with hemorrhage or perforation. Upper gastrointestinal complications and corresponding economic data were obtained from two sources. The first was a 20% sample of all community hospital discharges (about 6 million per year) from 11 states for 1991 and 1992 Hospital Cost Utilization Project; HCUP-3). The second source of data was a claims database for employees of large US corporations and their dependents for 1992, 1993, and 1994 (about 3.5 million covered lives per year; MarketScan). A group of ICD-9 codes for the diagnosis of peptic and gastroduodenal ulcers with bleeding or perforation were used to identify hospital admissions because of upper gastrointestinal complications. Similar patterns were observed across the MarketScan and HCUP-3 databases regarding hospitalization with diagnoses related to gastrointestinal complications identified according to the ICD-9 codes. The average age of patients with upper gastrointestinal complications was 66 years in the HCUP-3 database and 52 years in the MarketScan database. The average annual rates of upper gastrointestinal complications as a primary or secondary diagnosis were 6.4 and 6.7 per 1000 discharges for 1991 and 1992, respectively (HCUP-3), and 4.3, 4.2, and 4.9 per 1000 admissions for 1992, 1993, and 1994, respectively (MarketScan). The average length of stay for upper gastrointestinal complications as a primary diagnosis was 7.8 days in 1991 and 7.5 days in 1992 (HCUP-3) and 6.1, 5.1, and 5.1 days in 1992, 1993, and 1994, respectively (MarketScan). The national average total charge for hospitalization for gastrointestinal problems as a primary diagnosis was $12,970 in 1991 and $14,294 in 1992 (HCUP-3). The average total reimbursement for hospitalizations related to upper gastrointestinal problems was $15,309 in 1992, $12,987 in 1993, and $13,150 in 1994 (MarketScan). Hospital admissions for upper gastrointestinal complications are expensive. The rate and cost per admission are higher for the older population. The results on the elements covered by both databases are consistent. Therefore the databases complement each other on the type of information abstracted.  (+info)

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori prevents recurrence of ulcer after simple closure of duodenal ulcer perforation: randomized controlled trial. (2/154)

OBJECTIVE: In this randomized trial, the authors sought to determine whether eradication of Helicobacter pylori could reduce the risk of ulcer recurrence after simple closure of perforated duodenal ulcer. BACKGROUND DATA: Immediate acid-reduction surgery has been strongly advocated for perforated duodenal ulcers because of the high incidence of ulcer relapse after simple patch repair. Although H. pylori eradication is now the standard treatment of uncomplicated and bleeding peptic ulcers, its role in perforation remains controversial. Recently a high prevalence of H. pylori infection has been reported in patients with perforations of duodenal ulcer. It is unclear whether eradication of the bacterium confers prolonged ulcer remission after simple repair and hence obviates the need for an immediate definitive operation. METHODS: Of 129 patients with perforated duodenal ulcers, 104 (81%) were shown to be infected by H. pylori. Ninety-nine H. pylori-positive patients were randomized to receive either a course of quadruple anti-helicobacter therapy or a 4-week course of omeprazole alone. Follow-up endoscopy was performed 8 weeks, 16 weeks (if the ulcer did not heal at 8 weeks), and 1 year after hospital discharge for surveillance of ulcer healing and determination of H. pylori status. The endpoints were initial ulcer healing and ulcer relapse rate after 1 year. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were assigned to the anti-Helicobacter therapy and 48 to omeprazole alone. Nine patients did not undergo the first follow-up endoscopy. Of the 90 patients who did undergo follow-up endoscopy, 43 of the 44 patients in the anti-Helicobacter group and 8 of the 46 in the omeprazole alone group had H. pylori eradicated; initial ulcer healing rates were similar in the two groups (82% vs. 87%). After 1 year, ulcer relapse was significantly less common in patients treated with anti-Helicobacter therapy than in those who received omeprazole alone (4.8% vs. 38.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Eradication of H. pylori prevents ulcer recurrence in patients with H. pylori-associated perforated duodenal ulcers. Immediate acid-reduction surgery in the presence of generalized peritonitis is unnecessary.  (+info)

Laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcers. The role of laparoscopy in generalised peritonitis. (3/154)

This non-randomised concurrent cohort study conducted in two teaching hospital Departments of Surgery examined the assumption that the benefits of elective laparoscopic upper gastrointestinal surgery would apply to those with generalised peritonitis due to perforated peptic ulcers. It compared 20 consecutive laparoscopic repairs of perforated peptic ulcers with a concurrent group of 16 consecutive open repairs. There were no differences pre-operatively between the two groups. The mean duration of surgery was similar (P = 0.46). There were no differences in the rate of GI tract recovery, but opiate analgesia requirement in the laparoscopic group was significantly less (P < 0.0001). Intensive care was required in three patients in the laparoscopic group (two with renal failure) and two in the open (no renal failure). Two patients in the laparoscopic and one in the open group died. The median duration of stay was five days in the laparoscopic group and six in the open. This comparison shows that the patho-physiological insult of laparoscopy in the setting of generalised peritonitis does not obviously increase the peri-operative risk of organ failure but objective benefits are small.  (+info)

Perforated malignant gastric ulcer in a pregnant young adult: a case report. (4/154)

Gastric cancer in the young adult is rare and has been said to be more aggressive than gastric cancers of the older age group. Its unique association with pregnancy is even rarer. However, they have similar complications of haemorrhage, obstruction and perforation. We report a 27 year old lady at 16 weeks gestation who presented with a perforated malignant gastric ulcer and carcinomatosis peritonei. Reviewing the literature, we realised that such complication of a gastric cancer occurring in a pregnant young adult has not been previously documented.  (+info)

Perforated peptic ulcer--time trends and patterns over 20 years. (5/154)

There are contradictory reports in current world literature regarding incidence of perforated peptic ulcers and male to female ratio in recent years. Old concepts of seasonal periodicity are being questioned. In our report we analyze what is changing with regard to demographical data of patients affected, incidence of perforation of peptic ulcer and ulcer location. This article reviews 441 consecutive cases of this complication of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) treated in our department between January of 1977 and December of 1996. The source of analyzed data are operative reports. Several observations regarding number, age and sex of patients affected and ulcer location have been made.  (+info)

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer perforations. (6/154)

BACKGROUND: Most patients with chronic peptic ulcer disease have Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. In the past, immediate acid-reduction surgery has been strongly advocated for perforated peptic ulcers because of the high incidence of ulcer relapse after simple closure. Simple oversewing procedures either by an open or laparoscopic approach together with H. pylori eradication appear to supersede definitive ulcer surgery. METHODS: In 47 consecutive patients (mean age = 64 years, range 27-91) suffering from acute peptic ulcer perforation the preoperative presence of H. pylori (CLO test), the surgical procedure (laparoscopy or open surgery), the outcome of surgery, and the success of H. pylori eradication with a triple regimen were prospectively studied. RESULTS: Of these patients 73.3% were positive for H. pylori, regardless of the previous use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Thirty-eight per cent underwent a simple laparoscopic repair. Conversion rate to laparotomy reached a high of 32%. The main reasons for conversion were the size of the ulcer, and/or diffuse peritonitis for a duration of over 12 hours with fibrous membranes difficult to remove laparoscopically. In the H. pylori positive patients, eradication was successful in 96% of the cases. Mortality and morbidity rates were greater in the laparoscopic group (p < 0.05). Follow-up (median 43.5 months) revealed no need for reoperation for peptic ulcer disease and no mortality. CONCLUSION: We have found a high prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with perforated peptic ulcers. An immediate and appropriate H. pylori eradication therapy for perforated peptic ulcers reduces the relapse rate after simple closure. Response rate to a triple eradication protocol was excellent in the hospital setting.  (+info)

Observation and experiment with the efficacy of drugs: a warning example from a cohort of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and ulcer-healing drug users. (7/154)

Observational data are well suited for many types of medical research, especially when randomized controlled trials are inappropriate. However, some researchers have attempted to justify routine use of observational data in situations in which randomized controlled trials are normally conducted. Literature searches cannot be used to directly compare the results of the two types of research, because invalid observational studies normally are not publishable in the journal literature. The author created a study (1989-1994) to determine the efficacy of one exposure (ulcer-healing drugs) in preventing the serious upper gastrointestinal toxicity associated with another exposure (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)). A cohort of subjects from Tayside, Scotland, receiving both NSAIDs and ulcer-healing drugs appeared to experience a large rise in their risk of gastric bleeding and perforation (e.g., the rate ratio was 10.00 (95% confidence interval: 6.68, 14.97) when this cohort was compared with one receiving NSAIDs alone). This increased risk was due to confounding. Thus, use of a "restricted cohort design" was not able to eliminate uncontrollable bias. It is possible that if many different studies were carried out, then observational research would be found to be only occasionally useful for studying drug efficacy.  (+info)

Influence of risk factors on endoscopic and clinical ulcers in patients taking rofecoxib or ibuprofen in two randomized controlled trials. (8/154)

BACKGROUND: Highly selective inhibitors of the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme (coxibs) have been associated with less gastrotoxicity than nonselective NSAIDs in clinical studies. AIM: To evaluate the influence of risk factors for NSAID-induced gastrotoxicity on endoscopic and clinical ulcers in patients taking rofecoxib or ibuprofen. METHODS: We analysed pooled data from two identical double-blind, randomized, 12-week endoscopy studies which compared the gastroduodenal toxicity of placebo (n=371), rofecoxib 25 mg (n=390), rofecoxib 50 mg (n=379), and ibuprofen 2400 mg daily (n=376) in patients with osteoarthritis. The potential risk factors evaluated were: age (< 65, > or = 65 years), sex, race (white, nonwhite), Helicobacter pylori status, presence of gastroduodenal erosions at baseline, a history of upper gastrointestinal disease, prior NSAID use within 30 days of study entry, and smoking. We also evaluated these factors for possible association with the development of clinically-evident gastrointestinal perforations, ulcers or bleeds over 12 weeks. RESULTS: Across all treatment groups, the likelihood of detecting endoscopic ulcers, or of clinical presentation with a bleed, over 12 weeks was increased approximately 4-5-fold in patients with previous upper gastrointestinal disease (relative risk [95% confidence interval] of 4.2 [2.5, 7.1] for endoscopic ulcers; 3.8 [1.4, 10.6] for bleeds), or those with gastroduodenal erosions at baseline endoscopy (relative risk of 4.4 [2.6, 7.5] for endoscopic ulcers; 5.0 [1.9, 13.5] for bleeds). H. pylori infection did not increase the risk of endoscopic ulcers or bleeds (relative risk of 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] for endoscopic ulcers; 0.3 [0.1, 0.9] for bleeds). The risk factor sub-group effects were constant across all treatment groups, and the significantly higher incidence of ulcers with ibuprofen as compared to rofecoxib and placebo was maintained in all risk factor subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Gastroduodenal erosions at baseline and a clinical history of upper gastrointestinal disease, but not H. pylori colonization, increased the risk for endoscopically-detected ulcers and clinical bleeds. Rofecoxib did not magnify the risk in any of the patient subgroups studied.  (+info)

Peptic ulcer perforation is a serious and sightful gastrointestinal complication characterized by the penetration or erosion of an acid-peptic ulcer through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal wall, resulting in spillage of gastric or duodenal contents into the peritoneal cavity. This leads to chemical irritation and/or bacterial infection of the abdominal cavity, causing symptoms such as sudden severe abdominal pain, tenderness, rigidity, and potentially life-threatening sepsis if not promptly diagnosed and treated with surgical intervention, antibiotics, and supportive care.

A duodenal ulcer is a type of peptic ulcer that develops in the lining of the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. It is characterized by a break in the mucosal layer of the duodinal wall, leading to tissue damage and inflammation. Duodenal ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between digestive acid and mucus production, which can be exacerbated by factors such as bacterial infection (commonly with Helicobacter pylori), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, smoking, and stress. Symptoms may include gnawing or burning abdominal pain, often occurring a few hours after meals or during the night, bloating, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Complications can be severe, including bleeding, perforation, and obstruction of the duodenum. Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy, and treatment may include antibiotics (if H. pylori infection is present), acid-suppressing medications, lifestyle modifications, and potentially surgery in severe cases.

A stomach ulcer, also known as a gastric ulcer, is a sore that forms in the lining of the stomach. It's caused by a breakdown in the mucous layer that protects the stomach from digestive juices, allowing acid to come into contact with the stomach lining and cause an ulcer. The most common causes are bacterial infection (usually by Helicobacter pylori) and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Stomach ulcers may cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, heartburn, and nausea. If left untreated, they can lead to more serious complications like internal bleeding, perforation, or obstruction.

A peptic ulcer is a sore or erosion in the lining of your stomach and the first part of your small intestine (duodenum). The most common causes of peptic ulcers are bacterial infection and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen.

The symptoms of a peptic ulcer include abdominal pain, often in the upper middle part of your abdomen, which can be dull, sharp, or burning and may come and go for several days or weeks. Other symptoms can include bloating, burping, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Severe ulcers can cause bleeding in the digestive tract, which can lead to anemia, black stools, or vomit that looks like coffee grounds.

If left untreated, peptic ulcers can result in serious complications such as perforation (a hole through the wall of the stomach or duodenum), obstruction (blockage of the digestive tract), and bleeding. Treatment for peptic ulcers typically involves medications to reduce acid production, neutralize stomach acid, and kill the bacteria causing the infection. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

Peptic ulcer hemorrhage is a medical condition characterized by bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract due to a peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, lower esophagus, or small intestine. They are usually caused by infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

When a peptic ulcer bleeds, it can cause symptoms such as vomiting blood or passing black, tarry stools. In severe cases, the bleeding can lead to shock, which is a life-threatening condition characterized by a rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and confusion. Peptic ulcer hemorrhage is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. Treatment may include medications to reduce stomach acid, antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori infection, and endoscopic procedures to stop the bleeding. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the ulcer or remove damaged tissue.

Intestinal perforation is a medical condition that refers to a hole or tear in the lining of the intestine. This can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, including the small intestine, large intestine (colon), or stomach. Intestinal perforation allows the contents of the intestines, such as digestive enzymes and bacteria, to leak into the abdominal cavity, which can lead to a serious inflammatory response known as peritonitis.

Intestinal perforation can be caused by various factors, including:

* Mechanical trauma (e.g., gunshot wounds, stab wounds)
* Inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
* Diverticulitis
* Appendicitis
* Intestinal obstruction
* Infections (e.g., typhoid fever, tuberculosis)
* Certain medications (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids)
* Radiation therapy
* Ischemic bowel disease (lack of blood flow to the intestines)

Symptoms of intestinal perforation may include sudden abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and decreased bowel movements. Treatment typically involves surgery to repair the perforation and remove any damaged tissue. Antibiotics are also administered to prevent infection. In severe cases, a temporary or permanent colostomy or ileostomy may be necessary.

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES) is a rare digestive disorder that is characterized by the development of one or more gastrin-secreting tumors, also known as gastrinomas. These tumors are usually found in the pancreas and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). Gastrinomas produce excessive amounts of the hormone gastrin, which leads to the overproduction of stomach acid.

The increased stomach acid can cause severe peptic ulcers, often multiple or refractory to treatment, in the duodenum and jejunum (the second part of the small intestine). ZES may also result in diarrhea due to the excess acid irritating the intestines. In some cases, gastrinomas can be malignant and metastasize to other organs such as the liver and lymph nodes.

The diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome typically involves measuring serum gastrin levels and performing a secretin stimulation test. Imaging tests like CT scans, MRI, or endoscopic ultrasounds may be used to locate the tumors. Treatment usually includes medications to reduce stomach acid production (such as proton pump inhibitors) and surgery to remove the gastrinomas when possible.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that colonizes the stomach of approximately 50% of the global population. It is closely associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. H. pylori infection is usually acquired in childhood and can persist for life if not treated. The bacterium's spiral shape and flagella allow it to penetrate the mucus layer and adhere to the gastric epithelium, where it releases virulence factors that cause inflammation and tissue damage. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection can be made through various tests, including urea breath test, stool antigen test, or histological examination of a gastric biopsy. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors to eradicate the bacteria and promote healing of the stomach lining.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Helicobacter infections are caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which colonizes the stomach lining and is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases. The infection can lead to chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer.

The spiral-shaped H. pylori bacteria are able to survive in the harsh acidic environment of the stomach by producing urease, an enzyme that neutralizes gastric acid in their immediate vicinity. This allows them to adhere to and colonize the epithelial lining of the stomach, where they can cause inflammation (gastritis) and disrupt the normal functioning of the stomach.

Transmission of H. pylori typically occurs through oral-oral or fecal-oral routes, and infection is more common in developing countries and in populations with lower socioeconomic status. The diagnosis of Helicobacter infections can be confirmed through various tests, including urea breath tests, stool antigen tests, or gastric biopsy with histology and culture. Treatment usually involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors to eradicate the bacteria and reduce stomach acidity.

A skin cream is not a medical term per se, but it generally refers to a topical emollient preparation intended for application to the skin. It contains a mixture of water, oil, and active ingredients, which are formulated to provide various benefits such as moisturizing, protecting, soothing, or treating specific skin conditions. The exact definition and composition may vary depending on the product's intended use and formulation.

Examples of active ingredients in skin creams include:

1. Moisturizers (e.g., glycerin, hyaluronic acid) - help to retain water in the skin, making it feel softer and smoother.
2. Emollients (e.g., shea butter, coconut oil, petrolatum) - provide a protective barrier that helps prevent moisture loss and soften the skin.
3. Humectants (e.g., urea, lactic acid, alpha-hydroxy acids) - attract water from the environment or deeper layers of the skin to hydrate the surface.
4. Anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., hydrocortisone, aloe vera) - help reduce redness, swelling, and itching associated with various skin conditions.
5. Antioxidants (e.g., vitamin C, vitamin E, green tea extract) - protect the skin from free radical damage and environmental stressors that can lead to premature aging.
6. Sunscreen agents (e.g., zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, chemical filters) - provide broad-spectrum protection against UVA and UVB rays.
7. Skin lighteners (e.g., hydroquinone, kojic acid, arbutin) - help reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation and even out skin tone.
8. Acne treatments (e.g., benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, retinoids) - target acne-causing bacteria, unclog pores, and regulate cell turnover to prevent breakouts.

It is essential to choose a skin cream based on your specific skin type and concerns, as well as any medical conditions or allergies you may have. Always consult with a dermatologist or healthcare provider before starting a new skincare regimen.

Gastroenterostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an anastomosis (a connection or junction) between the stomach and the small intestine, usually between the stomach's lesser curvature and the jejunum (the second part of the small intestine). This procedure is often performed to bypass a diseased or obstructed portion of the gastrointestinal tract, such as in the case of gastric ulcers, tumors, or other conditions that prevent normal digestion and absorption.

There are different types of gastroenterostomy procedures, including:
1. Billroth I (or "gastroduodenostomy"): The stomach is connected directly to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine).
2. Billroth II (or "gastrojejunostomy"): The stomach is connected to the jejunum, bypassing the duodenum.
3. Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy: A more complex procedure in which a portion of the jejunum is separated and reconnected further down the small intestine, creating a Y-shaped configuration. This type of gastroenterostomy is often used in bariatric surgery for weight loss.

The choice of gastroenterostomy technique depends on the specific medical condition being treated and the patient's overall health status.

A gastric peptic ulcer is a mucosal perforation that penetrates the muscularis mucosae and lamina propria, usually produced by ... is an omen of perforated peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcers are a form of acid-peptic disorder. Peptic ulcers can be ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peptic ulcers. Gastric ulcer images "Peptic Ulcer". MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library ... it can still delay ulcer healing for those who already have a peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcers caused by NSAIDs differ from those ...
Br J Surg 1947,35:218 BARRETT NR (October 1950). "Chronic peptic ulcer of the oesophagus and 'oesophagitis'". Br J Surg. 38 ( ... Spontaneous perforation of the oesophagus. Review of the literature and report of three new cases Thorax 1946.1:103-6 Barrett ... Allison, P. R. (1 March 1948). "Peptic Ulcer of the Oesophagus". Thorax. 3 (1): 20-42. doi:10.1136/thx.3.1.20. ISSN 0040-6376. ... Allison, Philip Rowland (1946). "Peptic Ulcer of the Esophagus". Journal of Thoracic Surgery. 15 (5): 308-317. doi:10.1016/ ...
Peptic ulcer disease may cause perforation of the bowel but rarely requires bowel resection. Peptic ulcer disease is caused by ... Some common causes of perforation are cancer, diverticulitis, and peptic ulcer disease. When caused by cancer, bowel ... When perforation is at the site of the tumor, the perforation may be contained in the tumor and self resolve without surgery. ... Chung, Kin Tong; Shelat, Vishalkumar G. (2017-01-27). "Perforated peptic ulcer - an update". World Journal of Gastrointestinal ...
... can cause peptic ulcers. These ulcers can result in serious bleeding or perforation, requiring hospitalization of the patient. ... Hypnic headache Others Patent ductus arteriosus Concurrent peptic ulcer, or history of ulcer disease Allergy to indometacin, ... To reduce the possibility of peptic ulcers, indometacin should be prescribed at the lowest dosage needed to achieve a ... Nearly all patients benefit from an ulcer protective drug (e.g. highly dosed antacids, ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime, or ...
Peptic ulcers are sores or defects that arise from tissue death, that develop in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum ... Valentino's syndrome is pain presenting in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen caused by a duodenal ulcer with perforation ... When a peptic ulcer bursts, the gastrointestinal or duodenal fluid leaks through it and pools in the right paracolic gutter ... Untreated peptic ulcers can often lead to greater complications such as hemorrhage, obstruction, and cancer. Diagnosing ...
Such a patient is said to have a forme fruste of acute free perforation as a complication of his peptic ulcer disease. The ... He is thought to have a perforated peptic ulcer. But at operation, only a penetrating ulcer is found, sealed off by adhesion to ... Schatzki's ring is a forme fruste of an early peptic stricture Forme fruste Babinski response- flexion of hip and knee without ...
Potentially serious side effects may include diarrhea, gastrointestinal perforation, peptic ulcers, hematemesis (vomiting blood ... those with peptic ulcers or chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract; those with kidney or liver disease; heart ...
... peptic or pancreatic ulcer. Pain, bleeding or perforation of the bowel at the diverticulum may result. Mechanical stimulation ... Peptic ulceration resulting from ectopic gastric mucosa of the diverticulum Following perforation by trauma or ingested foreign ... Patients with these misplaced gastric cells may experience peptic ulcers as a consequence. Therefore, other tests such as ... Perforation of the inflamed diverticulum can result in peritonitis. Diverticulitis can also cause adhesions, leading to ...
Serious gastrointestinal side effects of trilostane alone or in combination with an NSAID like peptic ulcer, erosive gastritis ... gastric perforation, hematemesis, and melena may occur in some individuals. Reversible granulocytopenia and transient oral ...
This happens due to the widespread peritoneal irritation by the ruptured viscus contents, as in peptic ulcer perforation, with ... "An Unusual Case Showing Fatal Rupture of a Gastric Ulcer or Gastromalacia? The Importance/Role of Histology for Differential ...
... peptic ulcer MeSH C06.405.469.275.800.348 - duodenal ulcer MeSH C06.405.469.275.800.698 - peptic ulcer perforation MeSH C06.405 ... peptic ulcer MeSH C06.405.748.586.698 - peptic ulcer perforation MeSH C06.405.748.586.849 - stomach ulcer MeSH C06.405.748.630 ... peptic MeSH C06.405.608.698 - peptic ulcer perforation MeSH C06.405.608.849 - stomach ulcer MeSH C06.405.608.924 - zollinger- ... peptic MeSH C06.405.205.099 - appendicitis MeSH C06.405.205.200 - cholera morbus MeSH C06.405.205.265 - colitis MeSH C06.405. ...
Examples include perforation of the distal esophagus (Boerhaave syndrome), of the stomach (peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma), of ... Causes include perforation of the intestinal tract, pancreatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, stomach ulcer, cirrhosis, a ... If properly treated, typical cases of surgically correctable peritonitis (e.g., perforated peptic ulcer, appendicitis, and ... peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma), bile (e.g., liver biopsy), urine (pelvic trauma), menstruum (e.g., salpingitis), pancreatic ...
... peptic) ulcers Gastrointestinal perforation Hyperthyroidism Diverticulitis Radiation enterocolitis Mesenteric cysts Peritoneal ...
The differential diagnosis of acute abdomen includes:[citation needed] Acute appendicitis Acute peptic ulcer and its ... including hollow viscus perforation) Acute ureteric colic Bowel volvulus Bowel obstruction Acute pyelonephritis Adrenal crisis ...
The ulcer is known initially as a peptic ulcer before the ulcer burns through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal ... A perforated ulcer can be grouped into a stercoral perforation which involves a number of different things that causes ... perforation of the intestine wall. The first symptom of a perforated peptic ulcer is usually sudden, severe, sharp pain in the ... Perforated peptic ulcer is a serious condition with an overall reported mortality of 5%-25%, rising to as high as 50% with age ...
... or people who have peptic ulcer disease. Also people with an obstruction in the gastrointestinal or urinary tract are not ... prescribed muscarine because it will aggravate the obstruction, causing pressure to build up that may lead to perforation. As ...
Surgical Treatment of Perforated Peptic Ulcer at eMedicine Kuremu RT (September 2002). "Surgical management of peptic ulcer ... The preferred operation for perforations in acute duodenal ulcer". Annals of Surgery. 208 (2): 169-74. doi:10.1097/00000658- ... It is one of the treatments of peptic ulcer. Vagotomy is an essential component of surgical management of peptic (duodenal and ... This was done with the hope that it would treat or prevent peptic ulcers. It also had the effect of reducing or eliminating ...
Sung, J. Y.; Chung, S. C. S.; Lo, K. K.; Leung, J. W. C. (1988). "Heater-probe treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers". Surgical ... The disadvantage of this treatment is a low risk of perforation of the gastric wall and a low risk of peritonitis. Combined ... Endoscopic injection of bleeding peptic ulcers with adrenaline has been practised since the 1970s, endoscopic heater probes ... bleeding malignant tumours and bleeding peptic ulcers can all be treated. Trials have also been carried out to assess its use ...
... generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal ... Iatrogenic causes like endoscopic perforation may also give football sign.[citation needed] The Cupola sign is seen when air is ... Perforated peptic ulcer Bowel obstruction Ruptured diverticulum Penetrating trauma Ruptured inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., ... Cupola sign Football sign Pneumoretroperitoneum Rigler's sign "Peptic Ulcer Disease". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. ...
... perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, rectus sheath hematoma and epiploic appendagitis. Elderly: diverticulitis, intestinal ... In severe cases with perforation, an adjacent phlegmon or abscess can be seen. Dense fluid layering in the pelvis can also ... Plain abdominal films may be useful for the detection of ureteral calculi, small bowel obstruction, or perforated ulcer, but ... H&E stain Acute suppurative appendicitis with perforation (at right). H&E stain Children: Gastroenteritis, mesenteric adenitis ...
Bleeding peptic ulcers require endoscopic treatment if they show evidence of high risk stigmata of re-bleeding, such as ... Endoclips are believed to be safe and no major complications (such as perforation or impaction) have been reported with them, ... Lin HJ, Lo WC, Cheng YC, Perng CL (2007). "Endoscopic hemoclip versus triclip placement in patients with high-risk peptic ulcer ... The alternatives to endoscopic clipping of peptic ulcers are thermal therapy (such as electrocautery to burn the vessel causing ...
A large number of studies have indicated that most cases of peptic ulcers, and gastritis, in humans are caused by Helicobacter ... A gastrectomy may be carried out because of gastric cancer or severe perforation of the stomach wall. Fundoplication is stomach ... The biological effects of salivary EGF include healing of oral and gastroesophageal ulcers, inhibition of gastric acid ...
"Peptic ulcer: Symptoms". MayoClinic.com. 2011-01-06. Retrieved 2012-01-31. MD, Scott Moses (Nov 5, 2017). "Peptic Ulcer Disease ... the collection of bacteria in the area of perforation (abscess), the abnormal formation of communication between another part ... Peptic ulcer disease-divided into either duodenal or gastric ulcers, most common causes include: Non steroidal anti- ... Peptic ulcer disease alone can be divided into multiple causes, but is generally initially controlled primarily with a proton ...
About half of cases are due to peptic ulcer disease (gastric or duodenal ulcers). Esophageal inflammation and erosive disease ... there are some potentially significant complications including aspiration and esophageal perforation. Colonoscopy is useful for ... Testing and treating H. pylori if found can prevent re-bleeding in those with peptic ulcers. The benefits versus risks of ... Causes of upper GI bleeds include: peptic ulcer disease, esophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis and cancer, among others. ...
... generally a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal ... and is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal perforation, often the result of surgery. Pneumarthrosis, the presence of air ...
These alternative diagnoses include but are not limited to: Perforated peptic ulcer Acute pancreatitis Liver abscess Pneumonia ... Once tissue has died, the gallbladder is at greatly increased risk of rupture (perforation), which can cause sharp pain. ... CT scan may also be used if complications such as perforation or gangrene are suspected. Abdominal ultrasonography showing ... Myocardial ischemia Hiatal hernia Biliary colic Choledocholithiasis Cholangitis Appendicitis Colitis Acute peptic ulcer ...
These effects are dose-dependent, and in many cases severe enough to pose the risk of ulcer perforation, upper gastrointestinal ... Owing to its effect on the stomach lining, manufacturers recommend people with peptic ulcers, mild diabetes, or gastritis seek ...
However, not all stomach diseases are labeled with the word "gastropathy"; examples include peptic ulcer disease, gastroparesis ... or lead to perforation (hole) in the stomach which is a surgical emergency. In many individuals, the progressive bleeding from ... Its main feature is inflammatory ulcers that can affect the total thickness of the stomach wall and can bleed but rarely ... Many studies have indicated that most cases of stomach ulcers, gastritis, and stomach cancer are caused by Helicobacter pylori ...
... commonly peptic ulcers. It also can be performed on patients at high risk for gastric or peptic ulcer disease (PUD). ... Risks specific to pyloroplasty include damage to the intestines, chronic diarrhea, mucosal perforations, leakage of the ... It is estimated that 5 out of every 100,000 adults in US will develop a peptic ulcer. 80-90% of primary ulcers are believed to ...
Use of meloxicam is not recommended in people with peptic ulcer disease or increased gastrointestinal bleed risk, including ... and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal. Elderly patients are at greater risk for serious ... Serious side effects may include heart disease, stroke, kidney problems, and stomach ulcers. Use is not recommended in the ...
ERAS vs Conventional Approach in Peptic Perforation-RCT (ERASE) Emergencies , Peptic Ulcer Perforation , Post-Op Complication ... Outcome After Laparoscopic Surgery for Peptic Ulcer Perforation Pneumonia , Intraabdominal Abscess After Procedure , Leakage , ... The LAMA Trial: Laparoscopic Correction of Perforated Peptic Ulcer Versus Open Correction (LAMA) ... Early Oral Feeding Versus Traditional Delayed Oral Feeding Post-perforated Peptic Ulcer Repair ...
Perforated duodenal ulcer in a child. Journal Articles * The gastrointestinal safety of the COX-2 selective inhibitor ...
Peptic Ulcer Disease - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the Merck Manuals - Medical Consumer ... Perforation Ulcers on the front surface of the duodenum or, less commonly, the stomach, can go through the wall, creating an ... Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease Symptoms of peptic ulcer disease can vary with the location of the ulcer and the persons age ... Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease Most peptic ulcers can be cured without complications. However, in some cases, peptic ...
A gastric peptic ulcer is a mucosal perforation that penetrates the muscularis mucosae and lamina propria, usually produced by ... is an omen of perforated peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcers are a form of acid-peptic disorder. Peptic ulcers can be ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peptic ulcers. Gastric ulcer images "Peptic Ulcer". MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library ... it can still delay ulcer healing for those who already have a peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcers caused by NSAIDs differ from those ...
The number of elective operations for peptic ulcer disease dropped more than 70% in the 1980s; 80% of these procedures were ... surgery has a very limited role and elective peptic ulcer surgery has been virtually abandoned. ... Because of the success of medical therapy in the management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), ... Laparoscopic Peptic Ulcer Perforation Closure: the Preferred Choice. Indian J Surg. 2015 Dec. 77 (Suppl 2):403-6. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
Vis forfatter(e) (1997). Survival after peptic ulcer perforation. A time trend analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1363 ... Vis forfatter(e) (1996). Survival after peptic ulcer perforation: A time Trend Analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1363 ... Vis forfatter(e) (1996). Survival after peptic ulcer perforation: A time Trend Analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1363 ... Vis forfatter(e) (1996). Survival after peptic ulcer perforation. A time trend analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1363 ...
A peptic ulcer is an open sore or raw area in the lining of the stomach or intestine. ... A peptic ulcer is an open sore or raw area in the lining of the stomach or intestine. ... A hole in the stomach or duodenum is called a perforation. This is a medical emergency. ... Ulcer - peptic; Ulcer - duodenal; Ulcer - gastric; Duodenal ulcer; Gastric ulcer; Dyspepsia - ulcers; Bleeding ulcer; ...
All patients with perforation (n = 16) were treated with simple closure with or without omental patch. One child with gastric ... Surgery for peptic ulcer disease in children in the post-histamine2-blocker era J Pediatr Surg. 2005 May;40(5):850-4. doi: ... and outcome of children requiring surgery for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in the post-histamine 2 -blocker era. ... Three (10%) children required reoperation for persistent or recurrent ulcer disease and 4 children died. ...
Gastrointestinal: Peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage; pancreatitis; abdominal distention; ulcerative ... Use with caution in presence of active or latent peptic ulcer; diverticulitis; renal insufficiency; hypertension; osteoporosis ... CORTENEMA® hydrocortisone retention enema should be used with caution where there is a probability of impending perforation, ... Corticosteroid should be used cautiously in patients with ocular herpes simplex because of possible corneal perforation. ...
... peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage; ulcerative esophagitis.. Metabolic: Negative nitrogen balance due to ... active or latent peptic ulcer.. Signs of peritoneal irritation following gastrointestinal perforation in patients receiving ... peptic ulcers, cataracts, and osteoporosis. Children who are treated with corticosteroids by any route, including systemically ... peptic ulcer, decreased glucose tolerance, hypokalemia, and adrenal insufficiency. Hepatomegaly and abdominal distention have ...
Gastrointestinal perforation, or a hole in your digestive tract, is a medical emergency. Treatment often includes surgery and ... Peptic ulcer disease.. Having one of these conditions doesnt mean you will have a gastrointestinal perforation, but your risk ... How is gastrointestinal perforation treated?. If your provider diagnoses you with a gastrointestinal perforation, you may need ... Gastrointestinal Perforation. A gastrointestinal perforation is a serious condition that requires emergency medical care. ...
Peptic Ulcer Surgery. *Percutaneous Aspiration Of Gallbladder. *Perforation Of Bile Duct. *Perforation Of Gallbladder ...
This article looks at gastrointestinal perforation in more detail, including the causes, symptoms, and treatment. It also ... Gastrointestinal perforation is a hole in the wall of the stomach, small intestine, or large bowel. It is a serious condition ... peptic ulcers in the stomach or small intestine. *ischemic colitis - inflammation of the large bowel due to an inadequate ... perforation of the intestines. Most people who have gastrointestinal perforation will have a hole in their stomach or small ...
Peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage. Pancreatitis. Abdominal distention. Ulcerative esophagitis ... active or latent peptic ulcer; renal insufficiency; hypertension; osteoporosis: and myasthenia gravis. ... Steroids should be used with caution in nonspecific ulcerative colitis, if there is a probability of impending perforation, ... Corticosteroids should be used cautiously in patients with ocular herpes simplex because of possible corneal perforation. ...
... peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage; ulcerative esophagitis.. Metabolic: Negative nitrogen balance due to ... active or latent peptic ulcer. Signs of peritoneal irritation following gastrointestinal perforation in patients receiving ... peptic ulcers, cataracts, and osteoporosis. Children who are treated with corticosteroids by any route, including systemically ... peptic ulcer, decreased glucose tolerance, hypokalemia, and adrenal insufficiency. Hepatomegaly and abdominal distention have ...
Multicentre trial of a perioperative protocol to reduce mortality in patients with peptic ulcer perforation. Br J Surg. 2011 ... Møller MH, Adamsen S, Thomsen RW, Møller AM, Peptic Ulcer Perforation (PULP) trial group. ... on emergency ERAS by Gonenc et al reported successful use of MAS in the management of patients with perforated peptic ulcers. [ ... Studies from our center on emergency ERAS for perforated duodenal ulcer [1] and emergency small-bowel surgery [2] also ...
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori prevents recurrence of ulcer after simple closure of duodenal ulcer perforation: randomized ... peptic ulcer (533), gastric ulcer (531), gastrojejunal ulcer (534), and duodenal ulcer (532) (23). Since the first-listed ... Management of complicated peptic ulcer disease. Arch Surg. 2005;140:201-8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding relapse. Digestion. 1994;55:19-23. DOIPubMed ...
Peptic ulcer. *Perforation (tearing a hole) of the intestine due to obstruction ...
... recovery and follow-up care for Peptic ulcer. ... Learn about Peptic ulcer, find a doctor, complications, ... Severe abdominal pain with or without evidence of bleeding may indicate a perforation of the ulcer through the stomach or ... Peptic ulcer. Ulcer - peptic; Ulcer - duodenal; Ulcer - gastric; Duodenal ulcer; Gastric ulcer; Dyspepsia - ulcers; Bleeding ... peptic ulcer; Gastrointestinal hemorrhage - peptic ulcer; G.I. bleed - peptic ulcer; H. pylori - peptic ulcer; Helicobacter ...
Gastrointestinal: Exacerbation of existing peptic ulcer disease including perforation; esophagitis, glossitis. Previous ...
Peptic ulcers, perforation or GI bleeding, sometimes fatal, particularly in the elderly, may occur (see section 4.4). Nausea, ... Any history of oesophagitis, gastritis and/or peptic ulcer must be sought in order to ensure their total cure before starting ... The risk of GI bleeding, ulceration or perforation is higher with increasing NSAID doses, in patients with a history of ulcer, ... Active, or history of recurrent peptic ulcer/haemorrhage (two or more distinct episodes of proven ulceration or bleeding); ...
Gastrointestinal: peptic ulcer disease with possible perforation and hemorrhage, abdominal distention; hiccups, malaise, nausea ... otherwise hemorrhagic enteritis/death from intestinal perforation may occur.[11] ...
Peptic ulcer disease or gastric perforation may occur as a consequence of NSAID and corticosteroid usage, rather than directly ... Treatment-related causes include peptic ulcer disease, intra-abdominal sepsis, infective enteritis or colitis, and pancreatitis ... Oral ulcers are the only GI manifestation to be included in the ACR diagnostic guidelines for SLE, and occur in 7%-52% of ...
Ketorolac tromethamine can cause peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, and/or perforation. Therefore, ketorolac ... in patients with recent gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, and in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease or ... bleeding, ulcers, and gastrointestinal perforations (holes) as well as other potentially life-threatening stomach and ... tromethamine is CONTRAINDICATED in patients with active peptic ulcer disease, ...
Risk Factors For GI Bleeding, Ulceration, And Perforation. Patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or ... Elderly patients and patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding are at greater risk for serious ... Your chance of getting an ulcer or bleeding increases with:. *past history of stomach ulcers, or stomach or intestinal bleeding ... Upper gastrointestinal ulcers, gross bleeding, or perforation caused by NSAIDs appear to occur in approximately 1% of patients ...
Peptic ulcer disease can be dangerous, leading to bleeding and emergency situations such as perforation of the ulcer through ... Bruce Springsteen postpones all 2023 tour dates until 2024 as he recovers from peptic ulcer disease. Springsteen postpones tour ... The Boss, who last week celebrated his 74th birthday, is "steadily recovering" from peptic ulcer disease, a press release read ... People who are treated "recover completely from peptic ulcer disease," Dr. Lawrence Kosinski of the American ...
Peptic ulcer disease can be dangerous, leading to bleeding and emergency situations such as perforation of the ulcer through ... The Boss, who last week celebrated his 74th birthday, is steadily recovering from peptic ulcer disease, a press release read ... People who are treated recover completely from peptic ulcer disease, Dr. Lawrence Kosinski of the American ... Bruce Springsteen postpones all 2023 tour dates until 2024 as he recovers from peptic ulcer disease. ...
Peptic ulcer disease can be dangerous, leading to bleeding and emergency situations such as perforation of the ulcer through ... Bruce Springsteen postpones all 2023 tour dates as he recovers from peptic ulcer disease ...
peptic ulcer / Delayed / 1.0-10.0. GI perforation / Delayed / 1.0-10.0. arrhythmia exacerbation / Early / 0-1.0. vasculitis / ... Alcoholism, anticoagulant therapy, chemotherapy, corticosteroid therapy, GI bleeding, GI disease, GI perforation, peptic ulcer ... GI perforation, or peptic ulcers. Celecoxib; Tramadol: (Major) Avoid concomitant use of celecoxib with any other NSAID due to ... GI perforation, or peptic ulcers. Fenoprofen: (Major) Avoid concomitant use of fenoprofen with any other NSAID, including COX-2 ...
  • Duodenal ulcers, the most common type of peptic ulcer, occur in the first few inches of the duodenum. (merckmanuals.com)
  • H. pylori infection is present in 50 to 70% of people with duodenal ulcers and in 30 to 50% of people with stomach ulcers. (merckmanuals.com)
  • citation needed] The timing of symptoms in relation to the meal may differentiate between gastric and duodenal ulcers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pain in duodenal ulcers would be aggravated by hunger and relieved by a meal and is associated with night pain. (wikipedia.org)
  • A rare condition, called Zollinger-Ellison syndrome , causes the stomach to produce too much acid, leading to stomach and duodenal ulcers. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition, male patients were hospitalized more often for duodenal ulcers than were female patients ( 15 , 16 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Similarly to gastric cancer, gastric and duodenal ulcers are both linked to upper gastrointestinal infection with H pylori . (bmj.com)
  • Both gastric and duodenal ulcers can be caused by the infection of the bacteria H.pylori, which is usually considered as a part of the normal flora of the upper digestive tract. (nursestudy.net)
  • Peptic ulcers can result from infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria or from use of medications, such as aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), that weaken the lining of the stomach or duodenum. (merckmanuals.com)
  • However, most people who take NSAIDs do not develop peptic ulcers. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Older people are more sensitive to the ulcer-causing effects of NSAIDs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medicines associated with peptic ulcer include NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) that inhibit cyclooxygenase and most glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone and prednisolone). (wikipedia.org)
  • Most authors recommend simple oversewing of the ulcer in addition to treating the underlying Helicobacter pylori infection or cessation of NSAIDs for bleeding PUD. (medscape.com)
  • Your ulcer is caused by taking aspirin or NSAIDs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A major cause of peptic ulcer, although far less common than H.pylori or NSAIDS, is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. (mountsinai.org)
  • NSAIDs cause an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal. (rxlist.com)
  • Patients with a history GI disease (e.g., peptic ulcer disease, GI bleeding) who use NSAIDs have a greater than 10-fold increased risk for developing a GI bleed compared to patients with neither of these risk factors. (pdr.net)
  • It has been recently estimated that, among older adults alone, there are 41,000 hospitalizations and 3300 deaths each year due to ulcer complications such as perforation, bleeding and severe ulcers which are caused by NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. (citizen.org)
  • Taking certain pain relief medications known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) at high doses or for extended periods can cause peptic or bleeding ulcers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • NSAIDs can also decrease the blood's clotting ability, which can make ulcers more likely to bleed. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • According to a study from 2012 , H. pylori and NSAIDs are the most prevalent causes of peptic ulcers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In addition, it is not known if several new NSAIDs approved for public use in the last decade are related to ulcers. (chirofind.com)
  • The authors of the study, which appeared in a recent issue of the journal Epidemiology , evaluated the risk of ulcer associated with the use of acetaminophen and several new NSAIDs. (chirofind.com)
  • Overall, NSAID use increased risk of ulcers fourfold at any dosage, but the drugs were most dangerous together: Combining NSAIDs and two doses or more of acetaminophen daily increased the risk for peptic ulcer 13.2 times. (chirofind.com)
  • Complications may include bleeding, perforation, and blockage of the stomach. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gastrointestinal perforation is a painful condition that can lead to further health complications, so emergency surgery is often necessary. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Infection with Helicobacter pylori increases the risk for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and its complications. (cdc.gov)
  • Eradicating these infections prevents recurrence and ulcer complications such as bleeding or perforation ( 4 - 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease is based on symptoms of stomach pain and on the results of an examination of the stomach with a flexible viewing tube (upper endoscopy) and of Helicobacter pylori testing. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Introduction to Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease involve damage to the lining of the stomach or duodenum (the first segment of the small intestine). (merckmanuals.com)
  • stomach inflammation) may develop into ulcer disease. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Doctors found a higher incidence of ulcer disease in Japan after an earthquake and in New York after the terrorist attacks of 9/11. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. (wikipedia.org)
  • A history of heartburn or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and use of certain medications can raise the suspicion for peptic ulcer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of the success of medical therapy in the management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), surgery currently plays only a very limited role, and elective peptic ulcer surgery has been virtually abandoned. (medscape.com)
  • For more information, please see Peptic Ulcer Disease . (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the presentation, treatment, and outcome of children requiring surgery for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in the post-histamine 2 -blocker era. (nih.gov)
  • Three (10%) children required reoperation for persistent or recurrent ulcer disease and 4 children died. (nih.gov)
  • The Boss, who last week celebrated his 74th birthday, is "steadily recovering" from peptic ulcer disease, a press release read. (castanet.net)
  • Earlier this month, Springsteen announced that he would be postponing all of his September 2023 dates while he was treated for symptoms related to the disease, which causes ulcers to form in the stomach or small intestine that can cause heartburn, nausea and stomach pain. (castanet.net)
  • Peptic ulcer disease can be dangerous, leading to bleeding and emergency situations such as perforation of the ulcer through the stomach. (castanet.net)
  • People who are treated "recover completely from peptic ulcer disease," Dr. Lawrence Kosinski of the American Gastroenterological Association told AP . (castanet.net)
  • Mefenamic acid is contraindicated for use in patients with active ulceration or chronic inflammation (e.g., peptic ulcer disease, ulcerative colitis) of the upper or lower GI tract. (pdr.net)
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is a common cause of epigastric pain. (obgproject.com)
  • Elderly patients and patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding are at greater risk for serious GI events [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. (globalrph.com)
  • METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data for patients from the 2005-2011 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database who underwent emergency operation for bleeding or perforated peptic ulcer disease was performed to determine the association between surgical approach (local procedure alone, vagotomy/drainage, or vagotomy/gastric resection) and 30-day postoperative outcomes. (duke.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Simple repair is the procedure of choice for patients requiring emergency surgery for perforated peptic ulcer disease. (duke.edu)
  • 3 It has been observed in the time trends of essentially all morbidity parameters associated with peptic ulcer disease, such as hospitalisation, disability pensions, and mortality. (bmj.com)
  • For more information, please see the topic Peptic Ulcer Disease. (medscape.com)
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease is a medical condition that involves the formation of open sores or ulcers on the stomach's lining and/or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). (nursestudy.net)
  • Most patients with peptic ulcer disease PUD have stomach pain as the first symptom. (nursestudy.net)
  • Smoking , eating spicy foods, drinking alcohol, and chronic stress may worsen the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. (nursestudy.net)
  • This is suspected in severe peptic ulcer disease wherein there is evidence of dark red or black tarry stools, and/or vomiting blood. (nursestudy.net)
  • People with H. pylori infections such as peptic ulcer disease has a greater risk of developing gastric cancer. (nursestudy.net)
  • Of 470 patients treated for peptic ulcer disease, 215 were seen during Ramadan and 255 in the month after Ra- madan. (who.int)
  • The frequency of peptic ulcer disease was higher after Ramadan than during Ramadan but this was not statistically significant. (who.int)
  • Peptic ulcer disease occurred more frequently in the age group 30-49 years. (who.int)
  • Regression analysis identified the following variables as predictors of peptic ulcer disease: anorexia, pain, hypertension, smoking, epigastric pain, diabetes and family history. (who.int)
  • citation needed] In people over the age of 45 with more than two weeks of the above symptoms, the odds for peptic ulceration are high enough to warrant rapid investigation by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chronic use of mefenamic acid can result in gastritis, ulceration with or without GI perforation, and/or GI bleeding, which can occur at any time, often without preceding symptoms. (pdr.net)
  • The choice of operative procedure depends on variables such as hemodynamic instability, life-threatening comorbid conditions, the size of perforation, duration of symptoms, and the patient's history of chronic peptic ulceration. (medscape.com)
  • The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain, and upper abdominal pain that improves with eating. (wikipedia.org)
  • Signs and symptoms of a peptic ulcer can include one or more of the following:[citation needed] abdominal pain, classically epigastric, strongly correlated with mealtimes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also, the symptoms of peptic ulcers may vary with the location of the ulcer and the person's age. (wikipedia.org)
  • Small ulcers may not cause any symptoms and may heal without treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This article explores the causes and symptoms of gastrointestinal perforation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • If people experience any of the symptoms of gastrointestinal perforation or peritonitis they should see a doctor immediately. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When these symptoms don't go away, one possibility is that you have a peptic ulcer. (mountsinai.org)
  • If the ulcer is small, you may have no idea that you have it because there are no symptoms. (mountsinai.org)
  • Symptoms of PUD typically manifest as epigastric pain, and can vary based on ulcer location. (obgproject.com)
  • Peptic ulcers can be difficult to diagnose because some people never display symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Symptoms of ZES may be similar to those of peptic ulcers, such as dull or burning pain in the belly, and digestive problems such as diarrhea , nausea, decreased appetite, bloating, and burping. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Contrary to common belief, spicy foods do not result to peptic ulcers, but they can aggravate the symptoms and make them even worse. (nursestudy.net)
  • Peptic ulcers can cause blockage of the food's passageway, resulting to symptoms such as weight loss, vomiting, and feeling of fullness. (nursestudy.net)
  • People who smoke are more likely to develop a peptic ulcer than people who do not smoke, and their ulcers heal more slowly and are likely to return. (merckmanuals.com)
  • About 10% of people develop a peptic ulcer at some point in their life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Few studies have reported on the risk for peptic ulcers related to the use of acetaminophen, however, which is found in Tylenol. (chirofind.com)
  • The most common cause of ulcers is infection of the stomach by bacteria called Helicobacter pylori ( H pylori ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • The occurrence of birth-cohort phenomena in gastric cancer and peptic ulcer suggests that additional secular trends besides changes in the infection with Helicobacter pylori must have contributed to the peculiar long-term behaviour of these diagnoses. (bmj.com)
  • Bleeding ulcers may be treated by endoscopy, with open surgery typically only used in cases in which it is not successful. (wikipedia.org)
  • To detect an ulcer, you may need a test called an upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy or EGD). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Diagnosis and treatment of bleeding ulcers typically involve an endoscopy . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Diagnosis is best made by endoscopy, and in about 90% of patients the ulcer is situated in the first part of the duodenum, within two centimetres of the pylorus [2]. (who.int)
  • NSAID use causes more than 50% of peptic ulcers. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Other common ulcer risks include smoking cigarettes, drinking a lot of alcohol, or regularly using NSAID pain relievers like aspirin and ibuprofen. (mountsinai.org)
  • However, a newer review in the Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention states that ulcers without H. pylori infection or NSAID involvement are increasing. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • rarely, an ulcer can lead to a gastric or duodenal perforation, which leads to acute peritonitis and extreme, stabbing pain, and requires immediate surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2020, the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) released guidelines for management of perforated and bleeding peptic ulcers. (medscape.com)
  • Although each of these studies used different indications for surgery, they generally agreed that any patient with a perforated peptic ulcer who has peritoneal signs should undergo exploratory laparotomy. (medscape.com)
  • Despite arguments favoring conservative management of patients with a perforated peptic ulcer, delaying the initiation of surgery more than 12 hours after presentation is associated with poor outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • If your provider diagnoses you with a gastrointestinal perforation, you may need emergency surgery to repair it. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • People with gastrointestinal perforation often require emergency surgery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Vagotomy/drainage is superior to local oversew in patients who require emergency surgery for bleeding peptic ulcers. (duke.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: Although definitive acid-reducing procedures are being used less frequently during emergency ulcer surgery, there is little published data to support this change in practice. (duke.edu)
  • RESULTS: A total of 3611 patients undergoing emergency ulcer surgery (775 for bleeding, 2374 for perforation) were included for data analysis. (duke.edu)
  • A prospective, randomized trial comparing laparoscopic surgery with open surgery for perforated ulcer showed that the only differences between these groups were a reduced need for analgesia and an increased operative time in the laparoscopic group. (medscape.com)
  • It is often difficult to recognize the kind of lesion that caused gastric perforation at the time of emergency surgery, particularly when pathologic evaluation of frozen sections is not available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Age and sex, preoperative diagnosis, location of perforation, depth of gastric wall invasion, absence or presence of lymph node metastasis, type of surgery, degree of lymph node dissection, UICC stage and outcome of the patients were examined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In most instances gastric carcinoma is not suspected as the cause of perforation prior to emergency laparotomy and the diagnosis of malignancy is often made only on postoperative pathologic examination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic value of perforation and to point out the surgical treatment options. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subsequently, a study by Sharma et al documented the use of ERAS in emergency settings in patients with perforation and intestinal obstruction and found it to be safe and feasible. (medscape.com)
  • Perforation of gastric carcinoma results in an acute abdominal syndrome due to the spilled gastric contents and the consequent peritonitis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Severe abdominal pain with or without evidence of bleeding may indicate a perforation of the ulcer through the stomach or duodenum. (mountsinai.org)
  • Larger ulcers can cause abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, and nausea. (mountsinai.org)
  • How is intestinal perforation diagnosed? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Intestinal perforations are the most common surgical emergency that occurs worldwide. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • bleeding, ulcers, and gastrointestinal perforations (holes) as well as other potentially life-threatening stomach and intestinal problems. (rxwiki.com)
  • Stress ulcers, like those that form in acute stress gastritis, can occur as a result of the stress of severe illness, skin burns, or injury. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Vivlodex can cause digestive tract problems such as ulcers, bleeding, inflammation, and perforations (small holes). (rxwiki.com)
  • Appropriate antimicrobial drug regimens to eradicate the infection and cure ulcers have been available since Marshall and Warren discovered H. pylori as an etiologic agent of ulcers in the early 1980s ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • More likely, your ulcer is caused by a stomach infection with a type of bacteria called H. pylori. (mountsinai.org)
  • A severe bleeding ulcer left untreated can cause rapid blood loss and even death. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • If left untreated, peptic ulcers can create a hole in the stomach or small intestine's lining. (nursestudy.net)
  • All patients with perforation (n = 16) were treated with simple closure with or without omental patch. (nih.gov)
  • Patients with perforation of peptic been reported, such as decreased daytime ulcer that occurred outside the 2 months of oral temperature, alertness, mood, re- study were excluded. (who.int)
  • Most people who have gastrointestinal perforation will have a hole in their stomach or small intestine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • this can occur due to bleeding directly from a gastric ulcer or from damage to the esophagus from severe/continuing vomiting. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generally, 5% of bleeding ulcers require operative management at some point. (medscape.com)
  • Some ulcers can cause serious bleeding. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For those children with bleeding, 8 had simple oversew of the bleeding ulcer(s), 2 had oversew with vagotomy and pyloroplasty, and 1 required vagotomy and antrectomy. (nih.gov)
  • An actively bleeding ulcer may also be cauterized (blood vessels are sealed with a burning tool) during a gastroscopy procedure. (mountsinai.org)
  • Endoscopic therapy can be used to stop bleeding from the ulcer. (mountsinai.org)
  • Bleeding ulcer: What causes it and is it serious? (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • If an ulcer develops at the site of a blood vessel, it can cause bleeding. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Excessive ulcer bleeding is a medical emergency as it can cause rapid blood loss and death. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Doctors refer to these as bleeding ulcers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Minor bleeding in an ulcer is typically not as serious and may go unnoticed. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Infections and some medications can cause bleeding ulcers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Using the correct treatment, doctors can cure bleeding ulcers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A slow-bleeding ulcer may gradually cause anemia . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To compare early postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing different types of emergency procedures for bleeding or perforated gastroduodenal ulcers. (duke.edu)
  • Compared with patients undergoing local procedures alone, vagotomy/gastric resection was associated with significantly greater postoperative morbidity when performed for either ulcer perforation or bleeding. (duke.edu)
  • Conversely, vagotomy/drainage was associated with a significantly lower postoperative mortality rate than local ulcer oversew when performed for bleeding ulcers. (duke.edu)
  • For patients requiring emergency operation for intractable ulcer bleeding, vagotomy/drainage is associated with lower postoperative mortality than with simple ulcer oversew. (duke.edu)
  • A gastric ulcer would give epigastric pain during the meal, associated with nausea and vomiting, as gastric acid production is increased as food enters the stomach. (wikipedia.org)
  • A hole in the stomach or duodenum is called a perforation . (medlineplus.gov)
  • A defect in your duodenum is called a duodenal ulcer. (mountsinai.org)
  • Wangensteen et al reported that in a patient who has a small perforation without peritoneal signs, it can be assumed that the perforation has sealed off physiologically. (medscape.com)
  • Wangensteen et al reported that in a patient with small perforation, without peritoneal signs, one can assume that the perforation has sealed off physiologically. (medscape.com)
  • A gastrointestinal perforation is a serious condition that requires emergency medical care. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Certain medical conditions and injuries can make you more likely to have a gastrointestinal perforation. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What is a gastrointestinal perforation? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • A gastrointestinal perforation is a hole in your gastrointestinal (GI) tract . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • How does a gastrointestinal perforation affect my body? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Having one of these conditions doesn't mean you will have a gastrointestinal perforation, but your risk of having one is higher. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • That's why it's important to know the signs of gastrointestinal perforation and when to seek medical care. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What does a gastrointestinal perforation feel like? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What tests diagnose a gastrointestinal perforation? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • How is gastrointestinal perforation treated? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Gastrointestinal perforation is a hole in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People with a gastrointestinal perforation, therefore, need emergency medical care. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Although rare, accidents during specific medical procedures can also cause gastrointestinal perforation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Most cases of gastrointestinal perforation require emergency treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This is to check for air in the abdominal cavity, a sign of gastrointestinal perforation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Most people with peptic ulcers have these bacteria living in their digestive tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Often, when people refer to an ulcer, they mean peptic ulcers , which develop in the digestive tract. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When this happens, the acid may damage the lining of the digestive tract and cause an ulcer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Barium swallow, GI X-ray or Upper gastrointestinal series - to visualize the upper gastrointestinal system by means of asking a patient to swallow a barium liquid that will coat the digestive tract, making the peptic ulcers easier to visualize. (nursestudy.net)
  • Ulcers can occur at any age, including infancy and childhood, but are most common among middle-aged adults. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Gastric ulcers (stomach ulcers) are less common and usually occur in the lower part of the stomach. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Stress ulcers occur in the stomach and the duodenum. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Furthermore, typical ulcers tend to heal and recur, and as a result the pain may occur for few days and weeks and then wane or disappear. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most ulcers occur in the first, inner surface, layer of the inner lining. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Peptic ulcers may occur in the stomach , the small intestine just below the stomach, or the esophagus (food pipe) above the stomach. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • however, they generally agree that any patient with a perforated peptic ulcer who has peritoneal signs should undergo exploratory laparotomy. (medscape.com)
  • Aim The aim of this epidemiological study was to follow the time trends of mortality from gastric cancer and compare them with those of gastric and duodenal ulcer. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions The time trends of mortality from gastric cancer are shaped by an underlying birth-cohort pattern that resembles similar patterns of peptic ulcer mortality. (bmj.com)
  • Unexpectedly, the analysis revealed a rise in mortality from gastric cancer during the first half of the 19th century that preceded the rise in the occurrence of both ulcer types by 10-30 years. (bmj.com)
  • A hole in your large intestine, also known as a bowel perforation, can cause stool to leak into your abdomen. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The ulcer extends into the muscularis propria layer of the gastric epithelium and usually occurs in the stomach or duodenum. (obgproject.com)
  • Medical procedures: Perforation can be a rare complication of surgeries or procedures that affect the GI tract, like colonoscopies . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Perforation is a rare complication of gastric carcinoma, accounting for less than 1% of all gastric cancer cases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although alcohol increases stomach acid production, drinking moderate amounts of alcohol does not seem to cause ulcers or delay their healing. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Stress may cause ulcers. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Berne and Donovan emphasized the use of a water-soluble upper gastrointestinal (GI) study to prove that perforation no longer exists. (medscape.com)
  • The gastric wall surrounding the ulcer is indurated, because of the fibrosis that involves the base of the ulcer and spreads beneath the surrounding mucosa. (anatomywarehouse.com)
  • Ulcers may extend to the lower esophagus, distal duodenum or jejunum. (obgproject.com)
  • Falciformopexy for Treatment Perforated Peptic Ulcer. (ichgcp.net)
  • Your health care provider will recommend medicines to heal your ulcer and prevent a relapse. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Typical treatment uses common drugs called proton pump inhibitors, such as Prilosec, which can help heal the ulcers within four to six weeks. (castanet.net)
  • The term "ulcer" means a sore that does not heal quickly. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Ulcers penetrate into the lining of the stomach or duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Marginal ulcers can develop when part of the stomach has been removed surgically, at the point where the remaining stomach has been reconnected to the intestine. (merckmanuals.com)
  • A peptic ulcer is an open sore or raw area in the lining of the stomach or intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Gastrointestinal (GI) perforation is when a hole develops in the GI tract, which includes the stomach, small intestine, and large bowel. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Researchers estimate that perforations of the lower intestine only affect 4 in every 100,000 people in the European population. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A perforation can cause the contents of the stomach, small intestine, or large bowel to seep into the abdominal cavity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A peptic ulcer is a defect in the lining of your stomach or the first part of your small intestine, the duodenum. (mountsinai.org)
  • These tumors are usually malignant, must be removed and acid production suppressed to relieve the recurrence of the ulcers. (mountsinai.org)
  • Chronic duodenal ulcer (DU) is a major problem of modern society. (who.int)