Periploca
Generic delimitations in tuberous Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae) from Africa and Madagascar. (1/6)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The number of genera included in Apocynaceae subfamily Periplocoideae is a matter of debate. DNA sequences are used here as an independent dataset to clarify generic relationships and classification of the tuberous periplocoid genera and to address the question of the phylogenetic interpretation of pollinia formation in Schlechterella. METHODS: Representatives of nearly all African and Malagasy genera of Periplocoideae possessing root tubers were analysed using ITS and plastid DNA sequence characters. RESULTS: Sequence data from non-coding molecular markers (ITS of nrDNA and the trnT-L and trnL-F spacers as well as the trnL intron of plastid DNA) give support for a broad taxonomic concept of Raphionacme including Pentagonanthus. Together with Schlechterella, which is sister to Raphionacme, all Raphionacme-like taxa form a derived monophyletic group of somewhat diverse species. Sister to the Schlechterella/Raphionacme clade is a clade comprising Stomatostemma and the not truly tuberous vine Mondia. In the combined analysis, sister to these two clades combined is a clade formed by Petopentia natalensis and Periploca. CONCLUSIONS: The recent inclusion of the monotypic South African Petopentia in the monotypic Malagasy endemic Ischnolepis is to be rejected. The Malagasy Camptocarpus is sister to the remainder of Periplocoideae in the ITS and combined analyses, and a Malagasy origin for the subfamily is discussed. (+info)Oriental medicinal herb, Periploca sepium, extract inhibits growth and IL-6 production of human synovial fibroblast-like cells. (2/6)
Periploca sepium (PS) has traditionally been used in oriental medicine for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the aqueous extract of PS (PSE) in its effects on human rheumatoid arthritis-derived fibroblast-like cells. In cell culture studies, PSE inhibited the growth and IL-6 production of the cells in dose dependent manners. The extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG), which has also been used to treat RA and chosen as a reference here, slightly inhibited the growth of RA cells. A study of PSE fractionation indicated that the active material inhibiting IL-6 production is filterable by ultrafiltration, suggesting that substances with low molecular weight might be involved in an inhibition of IL-6 production. These results support the view that PSE represents a rich source of growth inhibition and anti-IL 6 production. (+info)Periplocoside E, an effective compound from Periploca sepium Bge, inhibited T cell activation in vitro and in vivo. (3/6)
Periploca sepium Bge, a traditional Chinese herb medicine, is used for treating rheumatoid arthritis in China. Followed the bioactivity-guided isolation, the most potent immunosuppressive compound, periplocoside E (PSE), a pregnane glycoside, had been identified from P. sepium Bge. We investigated the immunosuppressive effects of PSE in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that PSE in a dose-dependent manner significantly inhibited the proliferation of splenocytes induced by concanavalin A and mixed lymphocyte culture reaction at no cytotoxic concentrations (<5 microM). Administration of PSE suppressed a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, and ovalbumin (OVA) induced antigen-specific immune responses in mice. In vivo treatment with PSE dose dependently suppressed OVA-induced proliferation and cytokine [interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma] production from splenocytes in vitro. Purified T cells from OVA-immunized mice with PSE treatment showed its low ability for activation by OVA plus normal antigen presenting cell stimulation again in vitro. Further studies showed PSE dose dependently inhibited anti-CD3-induced primary T cell proliferation, activation for IL-2Ralpha (CD25) expression, and cytokine (IFN-gamma and IL-2) production also at the transcriptional level. PSE was highly specific and significantly inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Jun N-terminal kinase, whereas activation of p38 was not affected in T cells stimulated with anti-CD3. These results demonstrated that PSE is an immunosuppressive compound in P. sepium Bge, which directly inhibits T cell activation in vitro and in vivo. This study provided evidence to understand the therapeutic effects of P. sepium Bge and indicated that this herb is appropriate for treatment of T cell-mediated disorders, such as autoimmune diseases. (+info)Periplocoside A prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by suppressing IL-17 production and inhibits differentiation of Th17 cells. (4/6)
(+info)Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the root bark essential oil of Periploca sepium and its main component 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde. (5/6)
(+info)Proline accumulation in leaves of Periploca sepium via both biosynthesis up-regulation and transport during recovery from severe drought. (6/6)
(+info)Periploca is a term used in anatomy and it refers to a structure or part that surrounds or binds another. It is derived from the name of a genus of climbing plants, Periploca, which have twining stems that wrap around other plants for support.
However, I couldn't find any specific medical definition related to a disease, condition or procedure with the term 'Periploca'. If you are referring to a specific medical context, please provide more details so I can give a more accurate answer.
Pregnenes is not a term that is commonly used in medical terminology. However, in biochemistry, pregnenes are steroid compounds containing a carbon skeleton with nine or more rings. They are precursors to various steroid hormones such as progesterone and cortisol.
Pregnenes are derived from cholesterol through a series of enzymatic reactions that involve the removal of several carbons from the cholesterol molecule. The resulting pregnenolone is then further metabolized to produce other steroid hormones, including progesterone, cortisol, androgens, and estrogens.
Therefore, while not a medical term per se, pregnenes are an essential class of compounds in the endocrine system that play a crucial role in various physiological processes, such as sexual development, stress response, and immune function.
Periploca
Periploca tridens
Imma periploca
Periploca intermedia
Periploca teres
Periploca orichalcella
Periploca dipapha
Periploca dentella
Periploca atrata
Periploca cata
Periploca fessa
Periploca arsa
Periploca gulosa
Periploca mimula
Periploca nigra
Periploca otrebla
Periploca facula
Periploca laeta
Periploca palaearcticella
Periploca (moth)
Periploca hostiata
Periploca juniperi
Periploca funebris
Periploca hortatrix
Periploca soror
Periploca devia
Periploca darwini
Periploca graeca
Periploca (plant)
Periploca gleditschiaeella
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Linearifolia1
- Periploca linearifolia Dill. (malawiflora.com)
Laevigata2
- The vegetation of the park is woodland in which Acacia raddiana occurs in association with Periploca laevigata and Rhus tripartitum . (birdlife.org)
- Periploca laevigata Ait. (beanstreesandshrubs.org)
Species1
- There is a slight problem with adulteration of this plant medicine in the US as many companies marketing this herb are actually selling species of Eleutherococcus other than senticosus, or selling the herb Periploca. (gaiaherbs.com)
Cochinchinensis2
- Asclepias gigantea L. Periploca cochinchinensis Lour. (pfaf.org)
- Periploca cochinchinensis Lour. (plantillustrations.org)
Apocynaceae1
- Periploca may refer to two different genera: Periploca (moth), in the family Cosmopterigidae Periploca (plant), in the family Apocynaceae This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct genera with the same name. (wikipedia.org)
Woods1
- English - Periploca of the Woods in water. (prophet666.com)
Plant1
- a climbing plant ( Periploca Gr[ae]ca ) of the Milkweed family, having a silky tuft on the seeds. (freedictionary.org)
Angustifolia1
- Seed germination characteristics of Periploca angustifolia Labill. (cbnbl.org)
Cosmopterigidae Periploca1
- Periploca may refer to two different genera: Periploca (moth), in the family Cosmopterigidae Periploca (plant), in the family Apocynaceae This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct genera with the same name. (wikipedia.org)
Sepium1
- 1 ] Later analysis of the product found that it was not Eleutherococcus , but the bark of the silk vine ( Periploca sepium ), possibly contaminated with some other unidentified product. (nih.gov)
Woods2
- G. sylvestre is known as "periploca of the woods" in English and mesbasringi (meaning "ram's horn") in Sanskrit. (holisticonline.com)
- Common names include Gymnema, Australian cowplant, and Periploca of the woods. (herbalpapaya.com)
Schum1
- Periploca latifolia K. Schum. (mozambiqueflora.com)